CINXE.COM
BBC - Earth - Home
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("http://www.bbc.com/earth/world","20180212205812","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1518469092"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" /> <!-- End Wayback Rewrite JS Include --> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1"> <title>BBC - Earth - Home</title> <meta name="keywords" content="INDEX"> <meta property="og:title" content="Home"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/world"/> <meta property="og:description" content=""/> <meta property="fb:pages" content="118883634811868"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@BBCEarth"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Home"> <meta name="twitter:description" content=""> <meta property="og:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/624_351/images/live/p0/30/k9/p030k9by.jpg"/> <meta property="og:image:width" content="624"/> <meta property="og:image:height" content="351"/> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/624_351/images/live/p0/30/k9/p030k9by.jpg"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/world"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-us" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/world"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-gb" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/uk"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/world"> <script> window.getUriParamByName=function(name) { name = name.replace(/[\[]/, "\\[").replace(/[\]]/, "\\]"); var regex = new RegExp("[\\?&]" + name + "=([^&#]*)"); var results = regex.exec(window.location.search); return (results === null ? "" : decodeURIComponent(results[1].replace(/[^a-zA-Z0-9\-_]/g, ''))); } var digitalData= {"environment":"live","pageInstanceID":"www.bbc.com/earth/world","module":{"id":"wwearth","backendModuleId":"wwearth","isGeoRestricted":false,"name":"Earth","domain":"earth","brandColor":"#008e9b","description":"BBC Earth"},"page":{"attributes":{"country":"GB","language":"en-GB"},"pageInfo":{"affiliate":false,"author":"","pageID":"wwearth/front-page","shortPageID":"wwearth/front-page","pageName":"Home","description":"","partner":false,"publicationDate":false,"business-unit":"BBC.com","destinationURL":"","bodyTextCharacterLength":false},"keywords":{"pageType":"INDEX"},"tags":["INDEX"],"category":{"pageType":"INDEX","entityFactory":{"entities":{}},"column":false,"primaryCategory":"earth","section":false}}}; digitalData.page.pageInfo.ocid=getUriParamByName('ocid'); digitalData.page.pageInfo.icid=getUriParamByName('icid'); digitalData.page.pageInfo.referrer=document.referrer; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.optimizely = window.optimizely || []; window.optimizely.push({ type: 'cookieExpiration', cookieExpirationDays: 1095 }); </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812js_/https://cdn.optimizely.com/public/4621041136/s/features_prod.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812cs_/http://www.bbc.com/earth/static/6130d4e33379/css/wwearth/core.css"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/> <meta property="fb:admins" content="100004154058350"/> <!--[if (gt IE 8) | (IEMobile)]><!--> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812cs_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.31/orb/4/style/orb.min.css"> <!--<![endif]--> <!--[if (lt IE 9) & (!IEMobile)]> <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.31/orb/4/style/orb-ie.min.css"> <![endif]--> <!--orb.ws.require.lib--> <script class="js-require-lib" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812js_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/requirejs/lib.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> bbcRequireMap = {"jquery-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jquery/0.4.1/sharedmodules/jquery-1.7.2", "jquery-1.4":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jquery/0.4.1/sharedmodules/jquery-1.4", "jquery-1.9":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jquery/0.4.1/sharedmodules/jquery-1.9.1", "jquery-1.12":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jquery/0.4.1/sharedmodules/jquery-1.12.0.min", "jquery-2.2":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jquery/0.4.1/sharedmodules/jquery-2.2.0.min", "istats-1":"//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/nav-analytics/0.1.0-43/js/istats-1", "swfobject-2":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/swfobject/0.1.10/sharedmodules/swfobject-2", "demi-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/demi/0.10.1/sharedmodules/demi-1", "gelui-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/gelui/0.9.13/sharedmodules/gelui-1", "cssp!gelui-1/overlay":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/gelui/0.9.13/sharedmodules/gelui-1/overlay.css", "relay-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/relay/0.2.6/sharedmodules/relay-1", "clock-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/clock/0.1.9/sharedmodules/clock-1", "canvas-clock-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/clock/0.1.9/sharedmodules/canvas-clock-1", "cssp!clock-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/clock/0.1.9/sharedmodules/clock-1.css", "jssignals-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jssignals/0.3.6/modules/jssignals-1", "jcarousel-1":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/jcarousel/0.1.10/modules/jcarousel-1", "bump-3":"//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://emp.bbci.co.uk/emp/bump-3/bump-3"}; require({ baseUrl: 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/', paths: bbcRequireMap, waitSeconds: 30 }); </script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ if (typeof bbccookies_flag === 'undefined') { bbccookies_flag = 'ON'; } showCTA_flag = true; cta_enabled = (showCTA_flag && (bbccookies_flag === 'ON')); (function(){var m="ckns_policy",q="Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT",i={ads:true,personalisation:true,performance:true,necessary:true};function c(u){if(c.cache[u]){return c.cache[u]}var t=u.split("/"),v=[""];do{v.unshift((t.join("/")||"/"));t.pop()}while(v[0]!=="/");c.cache[u]=v;return v}c.cache={};function a(u){if(a.cache[u]){return a.cache[u]}var v=u.split("."),t=[];while(v.length&&"|co.uk|com|".indexOf("|"+v.join(".")+"|")===-1){if(v.length){t.push(v.join("."))}v.shift()}c.cache[u]=t;return t}a.cache={};function s(t,y,u){var E=[""].concat(a(window.location.hostname)),B=c(window.location.pathname),D="",w,C;for(var x=0,A=E.length;x<A;x++){w=E[x];for(var v=0,z=B.length;v<z;v++){C=B[v];D=t+"="+y+";"+(w?"domain="+w+";":"")+(C?"path="+C+";":"")+(u?"expires="+u+";":"");bbccookies.set(D,true)}}}window.bbccookies={POLICY_REFRESH_DATE_MILLIS:new Date(2015,4,21,0,0,0,0).getTime(),POLICY_EXPIRY_COOKIENAME:"ckns_policy_exp",_setEverywhere:s,cookiesEnabled:function(){var t="ckns_testcookie"+Math.floor(Math.random()*100000);this.set(t+"=1");if(this.get().indexOf(t)>-1){e(t);return true}return false},get:function(){return document.cookie},getCrumb:function(t){if(!t){return null}return decodeURIComponent(document.cookie.replace(new RegExp("(?:(?:^|.*;)\\s*"+encodeURIComponent(t).replace(/[\-\.\+\*]/g,"\\$&")+"\\s*\\=\\s*([^;]*).*$)|^.*$"),"$1"))||null},policyRequiresRefresh:function(){var u=new Date();u.setHours(0);u.setMinutes(0);u.setSeconds(0);u.setMilliseconds(0);if(bbccookies.POLICY_REFRESH_DATE_MILLIS<=u.getTime()){var t=bbccookies.getCrumb(bbccookies.POLICY_EXPIRY_COOKIENAME);if(t){t=new Date(parseInt(t));t.setYear(t.getFullYear()-1);return bbccookies.POLICY_REFRESH_DATE_MILLIS>=t.getTime()}else{return true}}else{return false}},_setPolicy:function(t){return f.apply(this,arguments)},readPolicy:function(){return l.apply(this,arguments)},_deletePolicy:function(){s(m,"",q)},_isConfirmed:function(){return n()!==null},_acceptsAll:function(){var t=l();return t&&!(j(t).indexOf("0")>-1)},_getCookieName:function(){return b.apply(this,arguments)},_showPrompt:function(){var t=((!this._isConfirmed()||this.policyRequiresRefresh())&&window.cta_enabled&&this.cookiesEnabled()&&!window.bbccookies_disable);return(window.orb&&window.orb.fig)?t&&(window.orb.fig("no")||window.orb.fig("ck")):t},_getPolicy:this.readPolicy};function b(u){var t=(""+u).match(/^([^=]+)(?==)/);return(t&&t.length?t[0]:"")}function j(t){return""+(t.ads?1:0)+(t.personalisation?1:0)+(t.performance?1:0)}function f(x){if(typeof x==="undefined"){x=i}if(typeof arguments[0]==="string"){var u=arguments[0],w=arguments[1];if(u==="necessary"){w=true}x=l();x[u]=w}else{if(typeof arguments[0]==="object"){x.necessary=true}}var v=new Date();v.setYear(v.getFullYear()+1);bbccookies.set(m+"="+j(x)+";domain=bbc.co.uk;path=/;expires="+v.toUTCString()+";");bbccookies.set(m+"="+j(x)+";domain=bbc.com;path=/;expires="+v.toUTCString()+";");bbccookies.set(m+"="+j(x)+";domain=bbci.co.uk;path=/;expires="+v.toUTCString()+";");var t=new Date(v.getTime());t.setMonth(t.getMonth()+1);bbccookies.set(bbccookies.POLICY_EXPIRY_COOKIENAME+"="+v.getTime()+";domain=bbc.co.uk;path=/;expires="+t.toUTCString()+";");bbccookies.set(bbccookies.POLICY_EXPIRY_COOKIENAME+"="+v.getTime()+";domain=bbc.com;path=/;expires="+t.toUTCString()+";");bbccookies.set(bbccookies.POLICY_EXPIRY_COOKIENAME+"="+v.getTime()+";domain=bbci.co.uk;path=/;expires="+t.toUTCString()+";");return x}function o(t){if(t===null){return null}var u=t.split("");return{ads:!!+u[0],personalisation:!!+u[1],performance:!!+u[2],necessary:true}}function n(){var t=new RegExp("(?:^|; ?)"+m+"=(\\d\\d\\d)($|;)"),u=document.cookie.match(t);if(!u){return null}return u[1]}function l(t){var u=o(n());if(!u){u=i}if(t){return u[t]}else{return u}}function e(t){return document.cookie=t+"=;expires="+q+";"}var g=!(window.bbccookies_flag==="ON"&&!bbccookies._acceptsAll()&&!window.bbccookies_disable);var k={},d={"personalisation":"ckps_.+|X-AB-iplayer-.+|ACTVTYMKR|BBC_EXAMPLE_COOKIE|BBCIplayer|BBCiPlayerM|BBCIplayerSession|BBCMediaselector|BBCPostcoder|bbctravel|CGISESSID|ed|food-view|forceDesktop|h4|IMRID|locserv|MyLang|myloc|NTABS|ttduserPrefs|V5|WEATHER|BBCScienceDiscoveryPlaylist_.+|bitratePref|correctAnswerCount|genreCookie|highestQuestionScore|incorrectAnswerCount|longestStreak|MSCSProfile|programmes-oap-expanded|quickestAnswer|score|servicePanel|slowestAnswer|totalTimeForAllFormatted|v|BBCwords|score|correctAnswerCount|highestQuestionScore|hploc|BGUID|BBCWEACITY|mstouch|myway|BBCNewsCustomisation|cbbc_anim|cbeebies_snd|bbcsr_usersx|cbeebies_rd|BBC-Latest_Blogs|zh-enc|pref_loc|m|bbcEmp.+|recs-.+|_lvd2|_lvs2|tick|_fcap_CAM1|_rcc2","performance":"ckpf_.+|optimizely.*|BBCLiveStatsClick|id|_em_.+|cookies_enabled|mbox|mbox-admin|mc_.+|omniture_unique|s_.+|sc_.+|adpolicyAdDisplayFrequency|s1|ns_session|ns_cookietest|ns_ux|NO-SA|tr_pr1|gvsurvey|bbcsurvey|si_v|sa_labels|obuid|mm_.+|mmid|mmcore.+|mmpa.+","ads":"ckad_.+|rsi_segs|c","necessary":"ckns_.+|BBC-UID|blq\\.dPref|SSO2-UID|BBC-H2-User|rmRpDetectReal|bbcComSurvey|IDENTITY_ENV|IDENTITY|IDENTITY-HTTPS|IDENTITY_SESSION|BBCCOMMENTSMODULESESSID|bbcBump.+|IVOTE_VOTE_HISTORY|pulse|BBCPG|BBCPGstat|ecos\\.dt"};function r(){var x=document.cookie.replace(/; +/g,";").split(";"),u,v=[];for(var w=0,t=x.length;w<t;w++){u=x[w];v.push(bbccookies._getCookieName(u))}return v}function h(w){var v=JSON.stringify(w);if(typeof(k[v])!=="undefined"){return k[v]}var u="";for(var t in w){if(w.hasOwnProperty(t)&&d[t]){if(w[t]===true){u+=(u?"|":"")+d[t]}}}k[v]=new RegExp("^("+(u?u:".*")+")$","i");return k[v]}bbccookies.getPolicyExpiryDateTime=function(){return bbccookies.POLICY_EXPIRY_COOKIENAME};bbccookies.purge=function(){var u=bbccookies.readPolicy(),w=r(),x;for(var v=0,t=w.length;v<t;v++){if(!bbccookies.isAllowed(w[v],u)){x=new Date();x.setTime(0);x=x.toUTCString();s(w[v],"deleted",x)}}};function p(){if(g){return}bbccookies.purge();contentLoaded(window,bbccookies.purge);if(window.addEventListener){window.addEventListener("beforeunload",bbccookies.purge,false)}else{if(window.attachEvent){window.attachEvent("onbeforeunload",bbccookies.purge)}else{window.onbeforeunload=bbccookies.purge}}}bbccookies.set=function(u,t){if(g){return document.cookie=u}var v=bbccookies._getCookieName(u);if(t||bbccookies.isAllowed(v)){return document.cookie=u}return null};bbccookies.isAllowed=function(v){var u=bbccookies.readPolicy();var t=h(u);return t.test(v)};p()})(); /*! * contentloaded.js * * Author: Diego Perini (diego.perini at gmail.com) * Summary: cross-browser wrapper for DOMContentLoaded * Updated: 20101020 * License: MIT * Version: 1.2 * * URL: * http://javascript.nwbox.com/ContentLoaded/ * http://javascript.nwbox.com/ContentLoaded/MIT-LICENSE * */ function contentLoaded(d,i){var c=false,h=true,k=d.document,j=k.documentElement,a=k.addEventListener,n=a?"addEventListener":"attachEvent",l=a?"removeEventListener":"detachEvent",b=a?"":"on",m=function(o){if(o.type==="readystatechange"&&k.readyState!="complete"){return}(o.type==="load"?d:k)[l](b+o.type,m,false);if(!c&&(c=true)){i.call(d,o.type||o)}},g=function(){try{j.doScroll("left")}catch(o){setTimeout(g,50);return}m("poll")};if(k.readyState==="complete"){i.call(d,"lazy")}else{if(!a&&j.doScroll){try{h=!d.frameElement}catch(f){}if(h){g()}}k[n](b+"DOMContentLoaded",m,false);k[n](b+"readystatechange",m,false);d[n](b+"load",m,false)}}if(typeof(require)==="function"&&!require.defined("orb/cookies")){define("orb/cookies",function(){return window.bbccookies})}; /*]]>*/</script> <script type="text/javascript"> define('orb/cookies', function() { return window.bbccookies; }); </script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){window.orb={};window.orb.figState={ad:0,ap:0,ck:1,eu:1,mb:0,tb:0,uk:1,df:1};window.orb.fig=function(a){return(arguments.length)?window.orb.figState[a]:window.orb.figState};window.orb.fig.device={};window.orb.fig.geo={};window.orb.fig.user={};window.orb.fig.isDefault=function(){return window.orb.fig("df")};window.orb.fig.device.isTablet=function(){return window.orb.fig("tb")};window.orb.fig.device.isMobile=function(){return window.orb.fig("mb")};window.orb.fig.geo.isUK=function(){return window.orb.fig("uk")};window.orb.fig.geo.isEU=function(){return window.orb.fig("eu")};window.fig=window.fig||{};window.fig.manager={include:function(e){e=e||window;var g=false;var j=e.document,k=j.cookie,i=k.match(/(?:^|; ?)ckns_orb_fig=([^;]+)/),h;if(i){i=this.deserialise(decodeURIComponent(RegExp.$1));this.setFig(e,i)}if(window.fig.async&&typeof JSON!="undefined"){var b=(document.cookie.match("(^|; )ckns_orb_cachedfig=([^;]*)")||0)[2];h=b?JSON.parse(b):null;if(h){this.setFig(e,h);g=true}}var a="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://fig.bbc.co.uk/frameworks/fig/1/fig.js";if(g){j.write('<script src="'+a+'" async><'+"/script>")}else{j.write('<script src="'+a+'"><'+"/script>")}},confirm:function(a){return true},setFig:function(a,b){(function(){a.orb=a.orb||{};a.orb.figState=b})()},deserialise:function(b){var a={};b.replace(/([a-z]{2}):([0-9]+)/g,function(){a[RegExp.$1]=+RegExp.$2});return a}}})();fig.manager.include();/*]]>*/</script> <!-- Nav Analytics : 89 --> <script type="text/javascript">window.bbcFlagpoles_istats="ON",require.config({paths:{"istats-1":"//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/nav-analytics/0.1.0-89/js/istats-1","megavolt-client":"//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/nav-analytics/0.1.0-89/js/megavolt-client"},config:{"megavolt-client":{baseUrl:"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://mvt.api.bbc.com"}}}),require(["istats-1","orb/cookies"],function(e,t){if(t.isAllowed("s1")){e.addCollector({name:"default",url:"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://sa.bbc.co.uk/bbc/bbc/s",separator:"&"});var a="earth.world.page";e.setCountername(a),window.istats_countername&&e.setCountername(window.istats_countername),e.addLabels("ml_name=webmodule&ml_version=89")}});</script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ window.bbcFlagpoles_istats = 'ON'; window.orb = window.orb || {}; if (typeof bbccookies !== 'undefined' && bbccookies.isAllowed('s1')) { var istatsTrackingUrl = '//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://sa.bbc.co.uk/bbc/bbc/s?name=earth.world.page&pal_route=webserviceapi&app_type=responsive&language=en-GB&pal_webapp=barlesque&prod_name=frameworks&app_name=frameworks'; require(['istats-1'], function (istats) { var counterName = (window.istats_countername) ? window.istats_countername : istatsTrackingUrl.match(/[\?&]name=([^&]*)/i)[1]; istats.setCountername(counterName); istats.addLabels('pal_route=webserviceapi&app_type=responsive&language=en-GB&pal_webapp=barlesque&prod_name=frameworks&app_name=frameworks'); var c = (document.cookie.match(/\bckns_policy=(\d\d\d)/) || []).pop() || ''; istats.addLabels({ 'blq_s': '4d', 'blq_r': '2.7', 'blq_v': 'default', 'blq_e': 'pal', 'bbc_mc': (c ? 'ad' + c.charAt(0) + 'ps' + c.charAt(1) + 'pf' + c.charAt(2) : 'not_set') } ); }); } /*]]>*/</script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function(undefined){if(!window.bbc){window.bbc={}}var ROLLING_PERIOD_DAYS=30;window.bbc.Mandolin=function(id,segments,opts){var now=new Date().getTime(),storedItem,DEFAULT_START=now,DEFAULT_RATE=1,COOKIE_NAME="ckpf_mandolin";opts=opts||{};this._id=id;this._segmentSet=segments;this._store=new window.window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage(COOKIE_NAME);this._opts=opts;this._rate=(opts.rate!==undefined)?+opts.rate:DEFAULT_RATE;this._startTs=(opts.start!==undefined)?new Date(opts.start).getTime():new Date(DEFAULT_START).getTime();this._endTs=(opts.end!==undefined)?new Date(opts.end).getTime():daysFromNow(ROLLING_PERIOD_DAYS);this._signupEndTs=(opts.signupEnd!==undefined)?new Date(opts.signupEnd).getTime():this._endTs;this._segment=null;if(typeof id!=="string"){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: id must be defined and be a string")}if(Object.prototype.toString.call(segments)!=="[object Array]"){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: Segments are required.")}if(opts.rate!==undefined&&(opts.rate<0||opts.rate>1)){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: Rate must be between 0 and 1.")}if(this._startTs>this._endTs){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: end date must occur after start date.")}if(!(this._startTs<this._signupEndTs&&this._signupEndTs<=this._endTs)){throw new Error("Invalid Argument: SignupEnd must be between start and end date")}removeExpired.call(this,now);var overrides=window.bbccookies.get().match(/ckns_mandolin_setSegments=([^;]+)/);if(overrides!==null){eval("overrides = "+decodeURIComponent(RegExp.$1)+";");if(overrides[this._id]&&this._segmentSet.indexOf(overrides[this._id])==-1){throw new Error("Invalid Override: overridden segment should exist in segments array")}}if(overrides!==null&&overrides[this._id]){this._segment=overrides[this._id]}else{if((storedItem=this._store.getItem(this._id))){this._segment=storedItem.segment}else{if(this._startTs<=now&&now<this._signupEndTs&&now<=this._endTs&&this._store.isEnabled()===true){this._segment=pick(segments,this._rate);if(opts.end===undefined){this._store.setItem(this._id,{segment:this._segment})}else{this._store.setItem(this._id,{segment:this._segment,end:this._endTs})}log.call(this,"mandolin_segment")}}}log.call(this,"mandolin_view")};window.bbc.Mandolin.prototype.getSegment=function(){return this._segment};function log(actionType,params){var that=this;require(["istats-1"],function(istats){istats.log(actionType,that._id+":"+that._segment,params?params:{})})}function removeExpired(expires){var items=this._store.getItems(),expiresInt=+expires;for(var key in items){if(items[key].end!==undefined&&+items[key].end<expiresInt){this._store.removeItem(key)}}}function getLastExpirationDate(data){var winner=0,rollingExpire=daysFromNow(ROLLING_PERIOD_DAYS);for(var key in data){if(data[key].end===undefined&&rollingExpire>winner){winner=rollingExpire}else{if(+data[key].end>winner){winner=+data[key].end}}}return(winner)?new Date(winner):new Date(rollingExpire)}window.bbc.Mandolin.prototype.log=function(params){log.call(this,"mandolin_log",params)};window.bbc.Mandolin.prototype.convert=function(params){log.call(this,"mandolin_convert",params);this.convert=function(){}};function daysFromNow(n){var endDate;endDate=new Date().getTime()+(n*60*60*24)*1000;return endDate}function pick(segments,rate){var picked,min=0,max=segments.length-1;if(typeof rate==="number"&&Math.random()>rate){return null}do{picked=Math.floor(Math.random()*(max-min+1))+min}while(picked>max);return segments[picked]}window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage=function(name){validateCookieName(name);this._cookieName=name;this._isEnabled=(bbccookies.isAllowed(this._cookieName)===true&&bbccookies.cookiesEnabled()===true)};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.setItem=function(key,value){var storeData=this.getItems();storeData[key]=value;this.save(storeData);return value};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.isEnabled=function(){return this._isEnabled};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.getItem=function(key){var storeData=this.getItems();return storeData[key]};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.removeItem=function(key){var storeData=this.getItems();delete storeData[key];this.save(storeData)};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.getItems=function(){return deserialise(this.readCookie(this._cookieName)||"")};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.save=function(data){window.bbccookies.set(this._cookieName+"="+encodeURIComponent(serialise(data))+"; expires="+getLastExpirationDate(data).toUTCString()+";")};window.bbc.Mandolin.Storage.prototype.readCookie=function(name){var nameEq=name+"=",ca=window.bbccookies.get().split("; "),i,c;validateCookieName(name);for(i=0;i<ca.length;i++){c=ca[i];if(c.indexOf(nameEq)===0){return decodeURIComponent(c.substring(nameEq.length,c.length))}}return null};function serialise(o){var str="";for(var p in o){if(o.hasOwnProperty(p)){str+='"'+p+'"'+":"+(typeof o[p]==="object"?(o[p]===null?"null":"{"+serialise(o[p])+"}"):'"'+o[p].toString()+'"')+","}}return str.replace(/,\}/g,"}").replace(/,$/g,"")}function deserialise(str){var o;str="{"+str+"}";if(!validateSerialisation(str)){throw"Invalid input provided for deserialisation."}eval("o = "+str);return o}var validateSerialisation=(function(){var OBJECT_TOKEN="<Object>",ESCAPED_CHAR='"\\n\\r\\u2028\\u2029\\u000A\\u000D\\u005C',ALLOWED_CHAR="([^"+ESCAPED_CHAR+"]|\\\\["+ESCAPED_CHAR+"])",KEY='"'+ALLOWED_CHAR+'+"',VALUE='(null|"'+ALLOWED_CHAR+'*"|'+OBJECT_TOKEN+")",KEY_VALUE=KEY+":"+VALUE,KEY_VALUE_SEQUENCE="("+KEY_VALUE+",)*"+KEY_VALUE,OBJECT_LITERAL="({}|{"+KEY_VALUE_SEQUENCE+"})",objectPattern=new RegExp(OBJECT_LITERAL,"g");return function(str){if(str.indexOf(OBJECT_TOKEN)!==-1){return false}while(str.match(objectPattern)){str=str.replace(objectPattern,OBJECT_TOKEN)}return str===OBJECT_TOKEN}})();function validateCookieName(name){if(name.match(/ ,;/)){throw"Illegal name provided, must be valid in browser cookie."}}})(); /*]]>*/</script> <script type="text/javascript"> document.documentElement.className += (document.documentElement.className? ' ' : '') + 'orb-js'; fig.manager.confirm(); </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812js_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.31/orb/4/script/orb/api.min.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812js_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.31/orb/4/script/orb/font.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var blq = { environment: function() { return 'live'; } } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ function oqsSurveyManager(w, flag) { if (flag !== 'OFF' && (w.orb.fig("no") || w.orb.fig("uk"))) { w.document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.31/orb/4/script/vendor/edr.min.js"><'+'/script>'); } } oqsSurveyManager(window, 'ON'); /*]]>*/ </script> <!-- BBCDOTCOM template: responsive webservice --> <!-- BBCDOTCOM head --><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ var _sf_startpt = (new Date()).getTime(); /*]]>*/ </script><style type="text/css">.bbccom_display_none{display:none;}</style><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ var bbcdotcomConfig, googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; var bbcdotcom = false; (function(){ if(typeof require !== 'undefined') { require({ paths:{ "bbcdotcom":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.74.413/script" } }); } })(); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ var bbcdotcom = { adverts: { keyValues: { set: function() {} } }, advert: { write: function () {}, show: function () {}, isActive: function () { return false; }, layout: function() { return { reset: function() {} } } }, config: { init: function() {}, isActive: function() {}, setSections: function() {}, isAdsEnabled: function() {}, setAdsEnabled: function() {}, isAnalyticsEnabled: function() {}, setAnalyticsEnabled: function() {}, setAssetPrefix: function() {}, setVersion: function () {}, setJsPrefix: function() {}, setSwfPrefix: function() {}, setCssPrefix: function() {}, setConfig: function() {}, getAssetPrefix: function() {}, getJsPrefix: function () {}, getSwfPrefix: function () {}, getCssPrefix: function () {}, isOptimizelyEnabled: function() {} }, survey: { init: function(){ return false; } }, data: {}, init: function() {}, objects: function(str) { return false; }, locale: { set: function() {}, get: function() {} }, setAdKeyValue: function() {}, utils: { addEvent: function() {}, addHtmlTagClass: function() {}, log: function () {} }, addLoadEvent: function() {} }; /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){ if (typeof orb !== 'undefined' && typeof orb.fig === 'function') { if (orb.fig('ad') && orb.fig('uk') == 0) { bbcdotcom.data = { ads: (orb.fig('ad') ? 1 : 0), stats: (orb.fig('uk') == 0 ? 1 : 0), statsProvider: orb.fig('ap') }; } } else { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="'+('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://www.bbc.com' : 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://tps.bbc.com')+'/wwscripts/data">\x3C/script>'); } })(); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){ if (typeof orb === 'undefined' || typeof orb.fig !== 'function') { bbcdotcom.data = { ads: bbcdotcom.data.a, stats: bbcdotcom.data.b, statsProvider: bbcdotcom.data.c }; } if (bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1) { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="'+('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://www.bbc.com' : 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com')+'/wwscripts/flag">\x3C/script>'); } })(); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){ if (window.bbcdotcom && (typeof bbcdotcom.flag == 'undefined' || (typeof bbcdotcom.data.ads !== 'undefined' && bbcdotcom.flag.a != 1))) { bbcdotcom.data.ads = 0; } if (/[?|&]ads/.test(window.location.href) || /(^|; )ads=on; /.test(document.cookie) || /; ads=on(; |$)/.test(document.cookie)) { bbcdotcom.data.ads = 1; bbcdotcom.data.stats = 1; } if (window.bbcdotcom && (bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1 || bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1)) { bbcdotcom.assetPrefix = "https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.74.413/"; if (/(sandbox|int)(.dev)*.bbc.co*/.test(window.location.href) || /[?|&]ads-debug/.test(window.location.href) || document.cookie.indexOf('ads-debug=') !== -1) { document.write('<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.74.413/style/dist/bbcdotcom.dev.css" />'); } else { document.write('<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.74.413/style/dist/bbcdotcom.css" />'); } (function() { var useSSL = 'https:' == document.location.protocol; var src = (useSSL ? 'https:' : 'http:') + '//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js'; document.write('<scr' + 'ipt src="' + src + '">\x3C/script>'); })(); if (/(sandbox|int)(.dev)*.bbc.co*/.test(window.location.href) || /[?|&]ads-debug/.test(window.location.href) || document.cookie.indexOf('ads-debug=') !== -1) { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.74.413/script/dist/bbcdotcom.dev.js">\x3C/script>'); } else { document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.74.413/script/dist/bbcdotcom.js">\x3C/script>'); } } })(); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1) { document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://secure-us.imrworldwide.com/">'); document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://me-cdn.effectivemeasure.net/">'); document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ssc.api.bbc.com/">'); } if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1) { document.write('<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.googletagservices.com/">'); } </script><script type="text/javascript"> if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1) { document.write('<meta name="google-site-verification" content="auTeTTwSt_KBY_4iDoR00Lwb7-qzx1IgzJy6ztaWgEI" />'); } </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){ if (window.bbcdotcom && (bbcdotcom.data.ads == 1 || bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1)) { bbcdotcomConfig = {"adFormat":"standard","adKeyword":"","adMode":"smart","adsEnabled":true,"appAnalyticsSections":"","asyncEnabled":false,"disableInitialLoad":false,"advertInfoPageUrl":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180212205812\/http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/privacy\/cookies\/international\/","advertisementText":"Advertisement","analyticsEnabled":true,"appName":"barlesque","assetPrefix":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180212205812\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk\/bbcdotcom\/1.74.413\/","customAdParams":[],"customStatsParams":[],"headline":"","id":"","inAssociationWithText":"in association with","keywords":"","language":"","orbTransitional":false,"outbrainEnabled":true,"outbrainSportEnabled":true,"adsenseEnabled":true,"adsportappEnabled":true,"lotameEnabled":true,"platinumEnabled":true,"tlNewsIndexEnabled":false,"tlNewsStoryEnabled":false,"tlNewsFpEnabled":false,"winterOlympicsEnabled":false,"optimizelyEnabled":false,"grapeshotEnabled":false,"palEnv":"live","productName":"","sections":[],"comScoreEnabled":true,"comscoreSite":"bbc","comscoreID":"19293874","comscorePageName":"","slots":"","sponsoredByText":"is sponsored by","adsByGoogleText":"Ads by Google","summary":"","type":"","features":{"testfeature":{"name":"testfeature","envs":["sandbox","int","test"],"on":true,"options":{},"override":null},"lxadverts":{"name":"lxadverts","envs":[],"on":true,"options":{},"override":null}},"staticBase":"\/bbcdotcom","staticHost":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180212205812\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk","staticVersion":"1.74.413","staticPrefix":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180212205812\/http:\/\/static.bbci.co.uk\/bbcdotcom\/1.74.413","dataHttp":"tps.bbc.com","dataHttps":"www.bbc.com","flagHttp":"www.bbc.co.uk","flagHttps":"www.bbc.co.uk","analyticsHttp":"sa.bbc.com","analyticsHttps":"ssa.bbc.com"}; bbcdotcom.config.init(bbcdotcomConfig, bbcdotcom.data, window.location, window.document); bbcdotcom.config.setAssetPrefix("https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbci.co.uk/bbcdotcom/1.74.413/"); bbcdotcom.config.setVersion("1.74.413"); document.write('<!--[if IE 7]><script type="text/javascript">bbcdotcom.config.setIE7(true);\x3C/script><![endif]-->'); document.write('<!--[if IE 8]><script type="text/javascript">bbcdotcom.config.setIE8(true);\x3C/script><![endif]-->'); document.write('<!--[if IE 9]><script type="text/javascript">bbcdotcom.config.setIE9(true);\x3C/script><![endif]-->'); if (/[?|&]ex-dp/.test(window.location.href) || document.cookie.indexOf('ex-dp=') !== -1) { bbcdotcom.utils.addHtmlTagClass('bbcdotcom-ex-dp'); } } })(); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> var initOptimizely = (function(isEnabled){ if(!isEnabled) return; var logger = window.bbcdotcom.Logger('bbcdotcom:head:optimizely'); /* Allow Optimizely in these paths */ var allowPaths = ['/', '/wwhp']; /* Only run on optimizely on homepage */ if (bbcdotcom.utils && allowPaths.indexOf(window.location.pathname) !== -1 && window.bbccookies && bbccookies.readPolicy('performance') ){ /* set correct OptimizelyURL for prod or sandbox */ var optimizelyURL = "https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://cdn.optimizely.com/public/4621041136/s/bbccom_sandbox.js"; if(window.location.hostname === 'www.bbc.com') { optimizelyURL = "https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://cdn.optimizely.com/public/4621041136/s/bbccom_prod.js"; } /* Set cookie to 1 year */ window['optimizely'] = window['optimizely'] || []; window['optimizely'].push({ "type": "cookieExpiration", "cookieExpirationDays": 365 }); /* Require Optimizely script and initialize tests */ require(['jquery-1', optimizelyURL], function($) { var optimizely = window['optimizely']; /* Start optimizely experiments */ /* End optimizely experiments */ }); } })( bbcdotcom.config.isOptimizelyEnabled() ); </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { window.bbcdotcom.head = true; }()); /*]]>*/ </script> <!--Searchbox:136--> <script type="text/javascript"> // Globally available search context window.SEARCHBOX={"variant":"default","locale":"en","navSearchboxStaticPrefix":"//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/searchbox/1.0.0-136","searchboxAppStaticPrefix":"//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://search.files.bbci.co.uk/searchbox-app/1.0.19","searchFormHtml":"<div tabindex=\"-1\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og\" data-react-checksum=\"1886463233\"><div data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0\"><section class=\"se-searchbox-panel\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0\"><div class=\"se-g-wrap\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0\"><div class=\"se-g-layout\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0\"><div class=\"se-g-layout__item se-searchbox-title\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0.0\">search</div><div class=\"se-g-layout__item se-searchbox\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0.1\"><form accept-charset=\"utf-8\" id=\"searchboxDrawerForm\" method=\"get\" action=\"https://search.bbc.co.uk/search\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0.1.0\"><label class=\"se-searchbox__input\" for=\"se-searchbox-input-field\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0.1.0.0\"><span class=\"se-sr-only\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.0\">Search Term</span><input name=\"q\" type=\"text\" value=\"\" id=\"se-searchbox-input-field\" class=\"se-searchbox__input__field\" maxlength=\"512\" autocomplete=\"off\" autocorrect=\"off\" autocapitalize=\"off\" spellcheck=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0.1.0.0.1\"/></label><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"scope\" value=\"\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0.1.0.2\"/><button type=\"submit\" class=\"se-searchbox__submit\" tabindex=\"0\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0.1.0.3\">Search</button><button type=\"button\" class=\"se-searchbox__clear se-searchbox__clear--visible\" tabindex=\"0\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.0.0.0.1.0.4\">Close</button></form></div></div></div></section><div aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\" class=\"se-suggestions-container\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.1\"><section class=\"se-g-wrap\" data-reactid=\".jval9y49og.0.1.0\"></section></div></div></div>","searchScopePlaceholder":"","searchScopeParam":"","searchScopeTemplate":"","searchPlaceholderWrapperStart":"","searchPlaceholderWrapperEnd":""}; window.SEARCHBOX.suppress = false; window.SEARCHBOX.searchScope = SEARCHBOX.searchScopeTemplate.split('-')[0]; </script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812cs_/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/searchbox/1.0.0-136/css/main.css"> <!--[if IE 8]> <script type="text/javascript" src="//nav.files.bbci.co.uk/searchbox/1.0.0-136/script/html5shiv.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window['searchboxIEVersion'] = 8;</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//nav.files.bbci.co.uk/searchbox/1.0.0-136/css/ie8.css"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 9]> <script type="text/javascript">window['searchboxIEVersion'] = 9;</script> <![endif]--> <!--NavID:0.2.0-152--> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812cs_/http://static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/style/id-cta.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812cs_/http://static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/style/id-cta-v5.css"/> <!--[if IE 8]><link href="//static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/style/ie8.css" rel="stylesheet"/> <![endif]--> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var map = {}; if (typeof(map['jssignals-1']) == 'undefined') { map['jssignals-1'] = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://static.bbc.co.uk/frameworks/jssignals/0.3.6/modules/jssignals-1'; } require({paths: map}); /* ]]> */ </script> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812js_/http://static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/modules/idcta/dist/idcta-1.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function () { if (!window.require) { throw new Error('idcta: could not find require module'); } if(typeof(map) == 'undefined') { var map = {}; } if(!!document.createElementNS && !!document.createElementNS('http://www.w3.org/2000/svg', "svg").createSVGRect) { document.documentElement.className += ' id-svg'; } var ptrt = RegExp("[\\?&]ptrt=([^&#]*)").exec(document.location.href); var ENDPOINT_URL = '//' + ((window.location.protocol == "https:") ? ('ssl.bbc.co.uk').replace("www.", "ssl.") : ('ssl.bbc.co.uk').replace("ssl.", "www.")); var ENDPOINT_CONFIG = ('/idcta/config?callback&locale=en-GB&ptrt=' + encodeURI((ptrt ? ptrt[1] : document.location.href))).replace(/\&/g, '&'); var ENDPOINT_TRANSLATIONS = '/idcta/translations?callback&locale=en-GB'; map['idapp-1'] = '//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbc.co.uk/idapp/0.72.58/modules/idapp/idapp-1'; map['idcta'] = '//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/modules/idcta'; map['idcta/config'] = [ENDPOINT_URL + ENDPOINT_CONFIG, '//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/modules/idcta/fallbackConfig']; map['idcta/translations'] = [ENDPOINT_URL + ENDPOINT_TRANSLATIONS, '//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.bbc.co.uk/id/0.37.24/modules/idcta/fallbackTranslations']; require({paths: map}); /* * Temporary code * To be removed when old id-statusbar-config is no longer supported */ define('id-statusbar-config', ['idcta/id-config'], function(conf) { return conf; }); define('idcta/id-statusbar-config', ['idcta/id-config'], function(conf) { return conf; }); })(); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812cs_/http://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/notification-ui/3.8.4/css/main.min.css"/> <!-- head-js start --> <script> var isIE8=false, _config={"version":"rc49","adpolicy":{"ad-display-frequency":180},"weather_api":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://open.live.bbc.co.uk","full_forecast_url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/"},"bbc":{"ps":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.co.uk"},"ww":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com"}},"domain":"www.bbc.com","images":{"default":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/$recipe/images/live/p0/2g/t3/p02gt3v6.jpg","title":"BBC Earth Default Placeholder","URL":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/$recipe/images/live/p0/30/k9/p030k9by.jpg"},"capital-external-promotion":{"URL":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/$recipe//images/live/p0/2y/vw/p02yvwtm.jpg","title":"BBC Capital External Link"},"autos-external-promotion":{"URL":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/$recipe/images/live/p0/2y/vx/p02yvx7t.jpg","title":"BBC Autos External Link"},"culture-external-promotion":{"URL":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/$recipe/images/live/p0/2v/0x/p02v0x03.jpg","title":"BBC Culture External Link"},"earth-external-promotion":{"URL":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/$recipe/images/live/p0/30/k9/p030k9by.jpg","title":"BBC Earth External Link"},"future-external-promotion":{"URL":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/$recipe/images/live/p0/2r/tx/p02rtx8g.jpg","title":"BBC Future External Link"},"travel-external-promotion":{"URL":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/$recipe/images/live/p0/2j/hr/p02jhrqm.jpg","title":"BBC Travel External Link"},"sol-catch-page":{"URL":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/$recipe/images/live/p0/4d/f9/p04df9pv.jpg","title":"BBC Earth - Sir David Attenborough's Story of Life"},"sol-video-page":{"URL":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/$recipe/images/live/p0/4d/f9/p04df9pv.jpg","title":"BBC Earth - Sir David Attenborough's Story of Life"}},"module":{"id":"wwearth","backendModuleId":"wwearth","isGeoRestricted":false,"name":"Earth","domain":"earth","brandColor":"#008e9b","description":"BBC Earth"},"moduleId":"wwearth","environment":"live","socialIcons":{"default":{"desktop":["facebook","twitter","reddit","stumbleupon","google","email"],"mobile":["facebook","twitter","reddit","whatsapp","google","email"]},"slideshow_gallery":{"desktop":["email","facebook","twitter","pinterest","reddit"],"mobile":["email","facebook","twitter","pinterest","whatsapp"]},"sol_video_player":{"desktop":["email","facebook","twitter","pinterest","reddit"],"mobile":["email","facebook","twitter","pinterest","whatsapp"]}},"socialLinks":{"facebook":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://www.facebook.com/BBCEarth"},"twitter":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://twitter.com/BBCEarth","username":"BBCEarth"},"youtube":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://www.youtube.com/user/BBCEarth"},"instagram":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://instagram.com/bbcearth"}},"analytics":{"is_enabled":true,"bbc_vertical_regex":"/^http(|s):\\/\\/[a-z0-9\\-.]+.bbc.com\\/(future|culture|earth|capital|autos|travel|britain)(\\/)?(.*)?/","comscore":{"is_enabled":true,"url_ssc_http":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ssc.api.bbc.com/","url_ssc_https":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://ssc.api.bbc.com/","url_scorecard_http":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://b.scorecardresearch.com/b","url_scorecard_https":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/b","suite":"bbc","customer_id":"19774467","user_tracking_cookie":"ckpf_sscid","user_tracking_cookie_legacy":"ckpf_uid","delay_tracking_cookie":"ckpf_wwverticalscs","tracking_timeout":500}},"image_recipe":{"recipe_prefix":"live/","watermarking_enabled":true},"story-of-life":{"custom-collection-max-length":6,"image-url":{"directory":"live","recipe-placeholder":"{recipe}"}},"static":{"url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/static/6130d4e33379","brand-img-dir":"/img/shared/brands/","vertical":"earth","module":"wwearth"}}, _entityMapping="wwearth/front-page", _exposedData={"promos":{"paging":{"itemsPerPage":12,"page":1,"totalItems":1795,"totalPages":150}}}, _routes={"column-index":{"route":"/earth/columns/:page:","entity-mapping":"wwearth/collection/column","rules":{"page":"isNumeric"}},"column-results":{"route":"/earth/columns/{id}/:page:","entity-mapping":"wwearth/column/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId","page":"isNumeric"}},"story":{"route":"/earth/story/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwearth/story/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"story-preview":{"route":"/earth/preview/story/{guid}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwearth/story-preview/{guid}","cross-domain":true},"tag-index":{"route":"/earth/tags/:page:","entity-mapping":"wwearth/tag-index","rules":{"page":"isNumeric"}},"tag":{"route":"/earth/tags/{id}/:page:","entity-mapping":"tag/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId","page":"isNumeric"}},"native-story":{"route":"/earth/sponsored/story/{id}","entity-mapping":"wwearth/native-story/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"native-story-preview":{"route":"/earth/preview/sponsored/story/{guid}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwearth/native-story-preview/{guid}","cross-domain":true},"native-column":{"route":"/earth/sponsored/{id}/:page:","entity-mapping":"wwearth/native-column/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId","page":"isNumeric"}},"search":{"route":"/earth/search/:keywords:/:page:","entity-mapping":"wwearth/search/{keywords}","rules":{"page":"isNumeric"}},"slideshow-gallery":{"route":"/earth/gallery/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwearth/slideshow-gallery/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"slideshow-gallery-alt":{"route":"/earth/slideshow-gallery/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwearth/slideshow-gallery/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"future-now":{"route":"/earth/now","entity-mapping":"wwearth/supersection/future-now","cross-domain":true},"untold-world":{"route":"/earth/untold-world","entity-mapping":"wwearth/supersection/untold-world","cross-domain":true},"designed":{"route":"/earth/designed","entity-mapping":"wwearth/supersection/designed","cross-domain":true},"article-third-party-content":{"route":"/earth/article/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwearth/thirdpartycontent/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"article-story":{"route":"/earth/article/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwearth/story/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"article-slideshow-gallery":{"route":"/earth/article/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwearth/slideshow-gallery/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"section-index":{"route":"/earth/sections/:page:","entity-mapping":"wwearth/collection/section","rules":{"page":"isNumeric"}},"section-results":{"route":"/earth/sections/{id}/:page:","entity-mapping":"wwearth/section/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId","page":"isNumeric"}},"front-page":{"route":"/earth/world/:page:","entity-mapping":"wwearth/front-page","rules":{"page":"isNumeric"}},"front-page-redirect":{"route":"/earth/","entity-mapping":"wwearth/front-page","rules":{}},"sol-player":{"route":"/earth/storyoflife/player:?query:","entity-mapping":"storyoflife/player","rules":{"?query":"isValidSOLQuery"}},"sol-catch-page":{"route":"/earth/storyoflife:/::?query:","entity-mapping":"storyoflife/app","rules":{"?query":"isValidSOLQuery"}},"wwfuture-story":{"route":"/future/story/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwfuture/story/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwculture-story":{"route":"/culture/story/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwculture/story/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwtravel-story":{"route":"/travel/story/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwtravel/story/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwautos-story":{"route":"/autos/story/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwautos/story/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwcapital-story":{"route":"/capital/story/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwcapital/story/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwfuture-story-preview":{"route":"/future/preview/story/{guid}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwfuture/story-preview/{guid}","cross-domain":true},"wwculture-story-preview":{"route":"/culture/preview/story/{guid}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwculture/story-preview/{guid}","cross-domain":true},"wwtravel-story-preview":{"route":"/travel/preview/story/{guid}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwtravel/story-preview/{guid}","cross-domain":true},"wwautos-story-preview":{"route":"/autos/preview/story/{guid}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwautos/story-preview/{guid}","cross-domain":true},"wwcapital-story-preview":{"route":"/capital/preview/story/{guid}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwcapital/story-preview/{guid}","cross-domain":true},"wwfuture-native-story":{"route":"/future/sponsored/story/{id}","entity-mapping":"wwfuture/native-story/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwculture-native-story":{"route":"/culture/sponsored/story/{id}","entity-mapping":"wwculture/native-story/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwtravel-native-story":{"route":"/travel/sponsored/story/{id}","entity-mapping":"wwtravel/native-story/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwautos-native-story":{"route":"/autos/sponsored/story/{id}","entity-mapping":"wwautos/native-story/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwcapital-native-story":{"route":"/capital/sponsored/story/{id}","entity-mapping":"wwcapital/native-story/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwfuture-native-story-preview":{"route":"/future/preview/sponsored/story/{guid}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwfuture/native-story-preview/{guid}","cross-domain":true},"wwculture-native-story-preview":{"route":"/culture/preview/sponsored/story/{guid}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwculture/native-story-preview/{guid}","cross-domain":true},"wwtravel-native-story-preview":{"route":"/travel/preview/sponsored/story/{guid}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwtravel/native-story-preview/{guid}","cross-domain":true},"wwautos-native-story-preview":{"route":"/autos/preview/sponsored/story/{guid}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwautos/native-story-preview/{guid}","cross-domain":true},"wwcapital-native-story-preview":{"route":"/capital/preview/sponsored/story/{guid}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwcapital/native-story-preview/{guid}","cross-domain":true},"wwfuture-slideshow-gallery":{"route":"/future/gallery/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwfuture/slideshow-gallery/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwculture-slideshow-gallery":{"route":"/culture/gallery/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwculture/slideshow-gallery/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwtravel-slideshow-gallery":{"route":"/travel/gallery/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwtravel/slideshow-gallery/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwautos-slideshow-gallery":{"route":"/autos/gallery/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwautos/slideshow-gallery/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwcapital-slideshow-gallery":{"route":"/capital/gallery/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwcapital/slideshow-gallery/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwfuture-slideshow-gallery-alt":{"route":"/future/slideshow-gallery/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwfuture/slideshow-gallery/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwculture-slideshow-gallery-alt":{"route":"/culture/slideshow-gallery/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwculture/slideshow-gallery/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwtravel-slideshow-gallery-alt":{"route":"/travel/slideshow-gallery/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwtravel/slideshow-gallery/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwautos-slideshow-gallery-alt":{"route":"/autos/slideshow-gallery/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwautos/slideshow-gallery/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwcapital-slideshow-gallery-alt":{"route":"/capital/slideshow-gallery/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwcapital/slideshow-gallery/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwfuture-future-now":{"route":"/future/now","entity-mapping":"wwfuture/supersection/future-now","cross-domain":true},"wwculture-future-now":{"route":"/culture/now","entity-mapping":"wwculture/supersection/future-now","cross-domain":true},"wwtravel-future-now":{"route":"/travel/now","entity-mapping":"wwtravel/supersection/future-now","cross-domain":true},"wwautos-future-now":{"route":"/autos/now","entity-mapping":"wwautos/supersection/future-now","cross-domain":true},"wwcapital-future-now":{"route":"/capital/now","entity-mapping":"wwcapital/supersection/future-now","cross-domain":true},"wwfuture-untold-world":{"route":"/future/untold-world","entity-mapping":"wwfuture/supersection/untold-world","cross-domain":true},"wwculture-untold-world":{"route":"/culture/untold-world","entity-mapping":"wwculture/supersection/untold-world","cross-domain":true},"wwtravel-untold-world":{"route":"/travel/untold-world","entity-mapping":"wwtravel/supersection/untold-world","cross-domain":true},"wwautos-untold-world":{"route":"/autos/untold-world","entity-mapping":"wwautos/supersection/untold-world","cross-domain":true},"wwcapital-untold-world":{"route":"/capital/untold-world","entity-mapping":"wwcapital/supersection/untold-world","cross-domain":true},"wwfuture-designed":{"route":"/future/designed","entity-mapping":"wwfuture/supersection/designed","cross-domain":true},"wwculture-designed":{"route":"/culture/designed","entity-mapping":"wwculture/supersection/designed","cross-domain":true},"wwtravel-designed":{"route":"/travel/designed","entity-mapping":"wwtravel/supersection/designed","cross-domain":true},"wwautos-designed":{"route":"/autos/designed","entity-mapping":"wwautos/supersection/designed","cross-domain":true},"wwcapital-designed":{"route":"/capital/designed","entity-mapping":"wwcapital/supersection/designed","cross-domain":true},"wwfuture-article-third-party-content":{"route":"/future/article/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwfuture/thirdpartycontent/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwculture-article-third-party-content":{"route":"/culture/article/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwculture/thirdpartycontent/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwtravel-article-third-party-content":{"route":"/travel/article/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwtravel/thirdpartycontent/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwautos-article-third-party-content":{"route":"/autos/article/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwautos/thirdpartycontent/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwcapital-article-third-party-content":{"route":"/capital/article/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwcapital/thirdpartycontent/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwfuture-article-story":{"route":"/future/article/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwfuture/story/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwculture-article-story":{"route":"/culture/article/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwculture/story/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwtravel-article-story":{"route":"/travel/article/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwtravel/story/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwautos-article-story":{"route":"/autos/article/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwautos/story/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwcapital-article-story":{"route":"/capital/article/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwcapital/story/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwfuture-article-slideshow-gallery":{"route":"/future/article/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwfuture/slideshow-gallery/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwculture-article-slideshow-gallery":{"route":"/culture/article/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwculture/slideshow-gallery/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwtravel-article-slideshow-gallery":{"route":"/travel/article/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwtravel/slideshow-gallery/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwautos-article-slideshow-gallery":{"route":"/autos/article/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwautos/slideshow-gallery/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true},"wwcapital-article-slideshow-gallery":{"route":"/capital/article/{id}:?query:","entity-mapping":"wwcapital/slideshow-gallery/{id}","rules":{"id":"isValidId"},"cross-domain":true}}, _comscoreKeyValues=false, isMobileDevice=function(){ var user_agent = navigator.userAgent, mobile=/Mobile|iP(hone|od|ad)|Android|BlackBerry|IEMobile|Kindle|NetFront|Silk-Accelerated|(hpw|web)OS|Fennec|Minimo|Opera M(obi|ini)|Blazer|Dolfin|Dolphin|Skyfire|Zune/; return mobile.test(user_agent); }, loadCss = function (url) { var link = document.createElement("link"); link.type = "text/css"; link.rel = "stylesheet"; link.href = url; document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(link); }, hasTheMustard = function (){ if(('querySelector' in document && 'localStorage' in window && 'addEventListener' in window)) { return true; } return false; }, isWebKit =function(){ if(RegExp(" AppleWebKit/").test(navigator.userAgent)){ return true; } return false; }, hasFixedWidthLayout= function (){ return isIE8; }, removeNoJsClass = function(){ var bodyTag = document.getElementsByTagName('body'); var container; if (bodyTag.length > 0) { bodyTag[0].className = bodyTag[0].className.replace(new RegExp('no-js', 'g'), ''); } if(container=document.getElementById('wwfeatures-container')){ container.className =""; } }, requireConfig; requireConfig={ baseUrl: 'https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/static/6130d4e33379/scripts/requirejs/', paths:{ 'mapboxgl-supported': '//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://api.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js/plugins/mapbox-gl-supported/v1.2.0/mapbox-gl-supported', mapboxgl: '../../components/mapboxgl/mapbox-gl', mapboxjs: '//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://api.mapbox.com/mapbox.js/v3.0.1/mapbox', 'requestLoader':'service/client-request-loader', 'templates':'wwearth/templates' }, shim: { mapboxjs: { exports: 'L' } } }; _comscoreKeyValues = {"c2":"19774467","ns_site":"bbc","name":"bbc_-_earth_-_home","b_vs_un":"bc","c7":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/world","b_c7":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/world","c8":"bbc_-_earth_-_home","b_app_type":"web","b_app_name":"earth|rc49","b_code_ver":"rc49","b_imp_ver":"rc49","b_imp_src":"wwf","b_site_channel":"earth","b_edition":"international","b_page_type":"idx|na","c9":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/","b_c9":"https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/"}; require(requireConfig); </script> <!--[if IE 8]> <script> isIE8=true; </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://www.bbc.com/earth/static/6130d4e33379/css/wwearth/fixed-width.css" /> <![endif]--> <script> window.onload = removeNoJsClass; var availableStyles = [ 'responsive-core', 'sol-core', 'video-playlist-player', 'cultural-calender', 'weather', 'slideshow-gallery', 'tpc', 'super-section', 'maps' ]; if(hasTheMustard()){ for(var ctr=0;ctr<availableStyles.length;ctr++){ loadCss('https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/static/6130d4e33379/css/wwearth/'+availableStyles[ctr]+'.css'); } } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var Logger={ debug: function () { }, info: function () { }, warn: function () { }, error: function () { } } require(['util/logger'],function(logger){ logger.useDefaults(); if((typeof digitalData !=="undefined")&& (digitalData.environment=="sandbox")){ logger.setLevel(logger.DEBUG); } else { logger.setLevel(logger.INFO); } window.Logger=logger; }); if (Function.prototype.bind && window.console && typeof console.log == "object"){ [ "log","info","warn","error","assert","dir","clear","profile","profileEnd" ].forEach(function (method) { console[method] = this.bind(console[method], console); }, Function.prototype.call); } </script><script type="text/javascript"> if ((typeof bbcdotcom != "undefined") && (typeof bbcdotcom.setConfig != 'undefined')){ bbcdotcom.setConfig({ siteCatalystEnabled: false, comScoreEnabled: false }); } window.advertising={"adsDisabled":false,"keywords":{"pageType":"INDEX"},"adUnit":"bbcearth.com/earth_homepage","adSlots":{"parallax":{"groups":"1_2_3_4","jsonGroups":"[1,2,3,4]","id":"parallax","async":true},"leaderboard":{"groups":"1_2_3_4","jsonGroups":"[1,2,3,4]","id":"leaderboard","async":true},"leaderboard-1_2_3":{"id":"leaderboard","groups":"1_2_3","jsonGroups":"[1,2,3]","async":true},"leaderboard-4":{"id":"leaderboard","groups":"4","jsonGroups":"[4]","async":true},"mpu-1_2_3":{"id":"mpu","groups":"1_2_3","jsonGroups":"[1,2,3]","async":true},"mpu-4":{"id":"mpu","groups":"4","jsonGroups":"[4]","async":true},"mpu-1_2":{"id":"mpu","groups":"1_2","jsonGroups":"[1,2]","async":true},"mpu-3_4":{"id":"mpu","groups":"3_4","jsonGroups":"[3,4]","async":true},"mpu_bottom":{"groups":"1_2_3_4","jsonGroups":"[1,2,3,4]","id":"mpu_bottom","async":true},"native_side":{"groups":"1_2_3_4","jsonGroups":"[1,2,3,4]","id":"native_side","async":true},"native_responsive":{"groups":"1_2_3_4","jsonGroups":"[1,2,3,4]","id":"native_responsive","async":true},"promo_feature_responsive":{"groups":"1_2_3_4","jsonGroups":"[1,2,3,4]","id":"promo_feature_responsive","async":true},"promo_feature_2":{"groups":"1_2_3_4","jsonGroups":"[1,2,3,4]","id":"promo_feature_2","async":true},"promo_feature_3":{"groups":"1_2_3_4","jsonGroups":"[1,2,3,4]","id":"promo_feature_3","async":true},"responsive_box_1":{"groups":"1_2_3_4","jsonGroups":"[1,2,3,4]","id":"responsive_box_1","async":true},"responsive_box_2":{"groups":"1_2_3_4","jsonGroups":"[1,2,3,4]","id":"responsive_box_2","async":true,"deferred":true},"verticalnavbar":{"groups":"1_2_3_4","jsonGroups":"[1,2,3,4]","id":"verticalnavbar","async":true},"infeed":{"groups":"1_2_3_4","jsonGroups":"[1,2,3,4]","id":"infeed","async":true},"sponsor-section-calendar":{"id":"sponsor-section","groups":"1_2_3_4","jsonGroups":"[1,2,3,4]","async":true}},"async":true,"adsToDisplay":["parallax","leaderboard","mpu","mpu_bottom","native_side","native_responsive","promo_feature_responsive","promo_feature_2","promo_feature_3","responsive_box_1","verticalnavbar","infeed","sponsor-section"]}; try{ if((typeof window.bbcdotcom != 'undefined') && (typeof bbcdotcom.setAdUnit != 'undefined') && (typeof bbcdotcom.init != 'undefined') && (typeof bbcdotcom.setAdKeyValue != 'undefined')){ for(var keyword in window.advertising.keywords) { bbcdotcom.setAdKeyValue(keyword,window.advertising.keywords[keyword]); } bbcdotcom.setAdUnit(window.advertising.adUnit); bbcdotcom.init({ asyncEnabled: true, "adsToDisplay":window.advertising.adsToDisplay }); } } catch (err) { Logger.error(err); } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var _sf_startpt=(new Date()).getTime(); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.optimizely = window.optimizely || []; window.optimizely.push({ type: 'cookieExpiration', cookieExpirationDays: 1095 }); </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812js_/https://cdn.optimizely.com/public/4621041136/s/features_prod.js"></script> <!-- head-js end --> </head> <body class="no-js"> <!-- BBCDOTCOM bodyFirst --><div id="bbccom_interstitial_ad" class="bbccom_display_none"></div><div id="bbccom_interstitial" class="bbccom_display_none"><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('ads')) { googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('bbccom_interstitial'); }); } }()); /*]]>*/ </script></div><div id="bbccom_wallpaper_ad" class="bbccom_display_none"></div><div id="bbccom_wallpaper" class="bbccom_display_none"><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { var wallpaper; if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('ads')) { if (bbcdotcom.config.isAsync()) { googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('bbccom_wallpaper'); }); } else if (typeof googletag !== "undefined" && typeof googletag.display === "function") { googletag.display("wallpaper"); } wallpaper = bbcdotcom.adverts.adRegister.getAd('wallpaper'); } }()); /*]]>*/ </script></div><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('ads')) { document.write(unescape('%3Cscript id="gnlAdsEnabled" class="bbccom_display_none"%3E%3C/script%3E')); } if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.config.isActive('analytics')) { document.write(unescape('%3Cscript id="gnlAnalyticsEnabled" class="bbccom_display_none"%3E%3C/script%3E')); } }()); /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { window.bbcdotcom.bodyFirst = true; }()); /*]]>*/ </script> <div id="blq-global"> <div id="blq-pre-mast"> </div> </div> <script type="text/html" id="blq-bbccookies-tmpl"><![CDATA[ <section> <div id="bbccookies" class="bbccookies-banner orb-banner-wrapper bbccookies-d"> <div id="bbccookies-prompt" class="orb-banner b-g-p b-r b-f"> <h2 class="orb-banner-title"> Cookies on the BBC website </h2> <p class="orb-banner-content" dir="ltr"> The BBC has updated its cookie policy. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. This includes cookies from third party social media websites if you visit a page which contains embedded content from social media. Such third party cookies may track your use of the BBC website.<span class="bbccookies-international-message"> We and our partners also use cookies to ensure we show you advertising that is relevant to you.</span> If you continue without changing your settings, we'll assume that you are happy to receive all cookies on the BBC website. However, you can change your cookie settings at any time. </p> <ul class="orb-banner-options"> <li id="bbccookies-continue"> <button type="button" id="bbccookies-continue-button">Continue</button> </li> <li id="bbccookies-settings"> <a href="/privacy/cookies/managing/cookie-settings.html">Change settings</a> </li> <li id="bbccookies-more"><a href="/privacy/cookies/bbc">Find out more</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </section> ]]></script> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ (function(){if(bbccookies._showPrompt()){var g=document,b=g.getElementById("blq-pre-mast"),e=g.getElementById("blq-bbccookies-tmpl"),a,f;if(b&&g.createElement){a=g.createElement("div");f=e.innerHTML;f=f.replace("<"+"![CDATA[","").replace("]]"+">","");a.innerHTML=f;b.appendChild(a);blqCookieContinueButton=g.getElementById("bbccookies-continue-button");blqCookieContinueButton.onclick=function(){a.parentNode.removeChild(a);return false};bbccookies._setPolicy(bbccookies.readPolicy())}var c=g.getElementById("bbccookies");if(c&&!window.orb.fig("uk")){c.className=c.className.replace(/\bbbccookies-d\b/,"");c.className=c.className+(" bbccookies-w")}}})(); /*]]>*/</script> <noscript><p style="position: absolute; top: -999em"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812im_/https://sa.bbc.co.uk/bbc/bbc/s?name=earth.world.page&ml_name=webmodule&ml_version=89&blq_js_enabled=0&blq_s=4d&blq_r=2.7&blq_v=default&blq_e=pal&pal_route=webserviceapi&app_type=responsive&language=en-GB&pal_webapp=barlesque&prod_name=frameworks&app_name=frameworks" height="1" width="1" alt=""></p></noscript> <!-- Begin iStats 20100118 (UX-CMC 1.1009.3) --> <script type="text/javascript">/*<![CDATA[*/ if (typeof bbccookies !== 'undefined' && bbccookies.isAllowed('s1')) { (function () { require(['istats-1'], function (istats) { istatsTrackingUrl = istats.getDefaultURL(); if (istats.isEnabled() && bbcFlagpoles_istats === 'ON') { sitestat(istatsTrackingUrl); } else { window.ns_pixelUrl = istatsTrackingUrl; /* used by Flash library to track */ } function sitestat(n) { var j = document, f = j.location, b = ""; if (j.cookie.indexOf("st_ux=") != -1) { var k = j.cookie.split(";"); var e = "st_ux", h = document.domain, a = "/"; if (typeof ns_ != "undefined" && typeof ns_.ux != "undefined") { e = ns_.ux.cName || e; h = ns_.ux.cDomain || h; a = ns_.ux.cPath || a } for (var g = 0, f = k.length; g < f; g++) { var m = k[g].indexOf("st_ux="); if (m != -1) { b = "&" + decodeURI(k[g].substring(m + 6)) } } bbccookies.set(e + "=; expires=" + new Date(new Date().getTime() - 60).toGMTString() + "; path=" + a + "; domain=" + h); } window.ns_pixelUrl = n; } }); })(); } else { window.istats = {enabled: false}; } /*]]>*/</script> <!-- End iStats (UX-CMC) --> <!--[if (gt IE 8) | (IEMobile)]><!--> <header id="orb-banner" role="banner"> <!--<![endif]--> <!--[if (lt IE 9) & (!IEMobile)]> <![if (IE 8)]> <header id="orb-banner" role="banner" class="orb-old-ie orb-ie8"> <![endif]> <![if (IE 7)]> <header id="orb-banner" role="banner" class="orb-old-ie orb-ie7"> <![endif]> <![if (IE 6)]> <header id="orb-banner" role="banner" class="orb-old-ie orb-ie6"> <![endif]> <![endif]--> <div id="orb-header" class="orb-nav-pri orb-nav-pri-white b-header--white--black orb-nav-empty"> <div class="orb-nav-pri-container b-r b-g-p"> <div class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-blocks"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812im_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.31/orb/4/img/bbc-blocks-dark.png" width="84" height="24" alt="BBC"/> </a> </div> <section> <div class="orb-skip-links"> <h2>Accessibility links</h2> <ul> <li><a id="orb-accessibility-help" href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/accessibility/">Accessibility Help</a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div id="mybbc-wrapper" class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-id orb-nav-focus"> <div id="idcta-statusbar" class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-focus"> <a id="idcta-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://account.bbc.com/account"> <span id="idcta-username">BBC iD</span> </a> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> require(['idcta/statusbar'], function(statusbar) { new statusbar.Statusbar({"id":"idcta-statusbar","publiclyCacheable":true}); }); </script> <a id="notification-link" class="js-notification-link animated three" href="#"> <span class="hidden-span">Notifications</span> <div class="notification-link--triangle"></div> <div class="notification-link--triangle"></div> <span id="not-num"></span> </a> </div> <nav role="navigation" class="orb-nav"> <div class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-links orb-nav-focus" id="orb-nav-links"> <h2>BBC navigation</h2> <ul> <li class="orb-nav-home orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.co.uk/">Home</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-homedotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/">Home</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-news orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news">News</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-newsdotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/news">News</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-sport"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/sport/">Sport</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-weather"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/weather/">Weather</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-shop orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://shop.bbc.com/">Shop</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-earthdotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/">Earth</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-travel-dotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/travel/">Travel</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-capital orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/capital/">Capital</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-iplayer orb-d"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/iplayer/">iPlayer</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-culture orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/culture/">Culture</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-autos orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/autos/">Autos</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-future orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/future/">Future</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-tv"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/tv/">TV</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-radio"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/radio/">Radio</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-cbbc"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/cbbc">CBBC</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-cbeebies"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/cbeebies">CBeebies</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-food"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/food/">Food</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/iwonder">iWonder</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/education">Bitesize</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-travel orb-d"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/travel/">Travel</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-music"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/music/">Music</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-earth orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/">Earth</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-arts"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/arts/">Arts</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-makeitdigital"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/makeitdigital">Make It Digital</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/taster">Taster</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-nature orb-w"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/nature/">Nature</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-local"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/local/">Local</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-tomorrowsworld orb-d"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/tomorrowsworld">Tomorrow's World</a> </li> <li id="orb-nav-more"><a href="#orb-footer" data-alt="More">Menu<span class="orb-icon orb-icon-arrow"></span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <div class="orb-nav-section orb-nav-search"> <a class="orb-search__button" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://search.bbc.co.uk/search" title="Search the BBC">Search</a> <form class="b-f" id="orb-search-form" role="search" method="get" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://search.bbc.co.uk/search" accept-charset="utf-8"> <div> <label for="orb-search-q">Search the BBC</label> <input id="orb-search-q" type="text" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" name="q" placeholder="Search"> <button id="orb-search-button" class="orb-search__button">Search the BBC</button> <input type="hidden" name="suggid" id="orb-search-suggid"/> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="orb-panels"> <script type="text/template" id="orb-panel-template"><![CDATA[ <div id="orb-panel-<%= panelname %>" class="orb-panel" aria-labelledby="orb-nav-<%= panelname %>"> <div class="orb-panel-content b-g-p b-r"> <%= panelcontent %> </div> </div> ]]></script> </div> </div> </header> <!-- Styling hook for shared modules only --> <div id="orb-modules"> <div id="content-wrapper"> <div id="wwfeatures-container"> <!-- page start --> <div id="homepage-three-column" class="container-index"> <div id="version" class=""> <div id="bbccom_leaderboard_1_2_3_4" class="bbccom_slot" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="bbccom_advert"> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.slotAsync) { bbcdotcom.slotAsync('leaderboard', [1,2,3,4]); } /*]]>*/ </script> </div> </div> <!-- page-header start --> <div id="nav-branding-wrapper"> <div id="nav-branding"> <!-- page-header-branding start --> <div id="branding"> <div id="branding-top"> <div class="branding-left"></div> <div class="branding-right"></div> </div> </div> <div class="site-brand"> <div class="site-brand-lining"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth" id="brand">Earth</a> <a id="sections-nav-button" href="#nav-bottom" role=".navigation" aria-label="secondary"> <span class="icon-sections"></span><span class="title-sections">Menu</span> </a> </div> </div> <!-- page-header-branding end --> <div id="nav-top"> <div class="navigation-wrapper " data-cs-module="navigation"> <ul class="navigation-list" role="navigation" aria-label=""> <li class=" first"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/world" class="navigation-link" data-cs-id="nav-0" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Home"> <div class="line1">Home </div> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/columns/attenboroughs-story-of-life" class="navigation-link" data-cs-id="nav-1" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Attenborough's Story of Life"> <div class="line1">Attenborough's Story of Life </div> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/columns/the-big-questions" class="navigation-link" data-cs-id="nav-2" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Big Questions"> <div class="line1">Big Questions </div> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/columns/discoveries " class="navigation-link" data-cs-id="nav-3" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Discoveries"> <div class="line1">Discoveries </div> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/columns/video" class="navigation-link" data-cs-id="nav-4" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Video"> <div class="line1">Video </div> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://pages.s6.exacttarget.com/page.aspx?QS=38dfbe491fab00ea37b48fbad871a432a781c2e2dbd234649e2ab4fb3968988f" class="navigation-link" data-cs-id="nav-5" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Earth by email"> <div class="line1">Earth by email </div> </a> </li> <li class=""> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20160419-about-us" class="navigation-link" data-cs-id="nav-6" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="About us"> <div class="line1">About us </div> </a> </li> <li class="featured featured-native last"> <div id="bbccom_verticalnavbar_1_2_3_4" class="bbccom_slot" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="bbccom_advert"> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.slotAsync) { bbcdotcom.slotAsync('verticalnavbar', [1,2,3,4]); } /*]]>*/ </script> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div><!-- page-header end --> <div id="page"> <div id="page-lining"> <!-- content block start --> <div class="container-index" id="homepage-three-column" role="main"> <!-- hero-unit start --> <div class="hero-unit " data-hero-unit="true" data-cs-module="hero-unit"> <div class="hero-unit-image-wrapper"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbcearth.com/blueplanet2" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Blue Planet II: Take a deep breath" data-cs-element-type="hero" data-cs-element-position="1" data-cs-total-element-count="1"> <div class="responsive-image-wrapper"> <img data-fixed-width-format="wwfeatures-1280-640" width="130" height="73" title="Blue Planet II Feature " alt="Blue Planet II Feature " class="responsive-hero" data-caption="" data-caption-title="" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/wm/live/130_73/images/live/p0/5l/q2/p05lq24t.jpg" data-landscape/> </div> </a> </div> <div class="hero-unit-overlay"> <div class="hero-unit-image-overlay-1"></div> <div class="hero-unit-image-overlay-2"></div> <div class="hero-unit-image-overlay-3"></div> </div> <div class="hero-unit-lining"> <div class="hero-unit-header-wrapper"> <div class="primary-header-wrapper"> <div class="primary-header primary-header-with-context"> <span id="" class="icon-wrapper gel-icon-wrapper icon-wrapper-external"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--external"></i> </span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbcearth.com/blueplanet2" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Blue Planet II: Take a deep breath" data-cs-element-type="hero" data-cs-element-position="1" data-cs-total-element-count="1"> <h1 class="primary-heading" role="heading">Blue Planet II: Take a deep breath</h1> </a> </div> </div> <div class="secondary-header-wrapper"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- hero-unit end --> <div class="page-content page-component-wrapper"> <div class="promo-group-wrapper"> <div class="promo-group-1-wrapper"> <div class="mpu-wrapper"> <div id="bbccom_mpu_1_2_3" class="bbccom_slot" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="bbccom_advert"> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.slotAsync) { bbcdotcom.slotAsync('mpu', [1,2,3]); } /*]]>*/ </script> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="article-list article-list-group-1 " data-cs-module="story-index"> <li class="promo-unit-wrapper"> <article> <div class="promo-unit "> <div class="promo-unit-lining"> <div data-brand="earth" class="promo-unit-layout-standard "> <div class="promo-unit-image"> <div class="promo-unit-image-lining"> <a data-replace-url="/earth/story/20170703-the-chameleon-the-size-of-an-ant" data-anchor-title="The world's tiniest reptile" data-caption="" data-caption-title="" data-replace-image="true" data-is-portrait="false" data-additional-wrapper-class="" data-cs-id="story-index-1-story-promo-image" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The chameleon the size of an ant" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-image" class="replace-image" title="The world's tiniest reptile " href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/3v/0d/p03v0dq9.jpg"> <div class="replace-image-additional-content"><div class="pointer"></div></div> View image of The world's tiniest reptile </a> </div> <div class="promo-unit-overlay"></div> </div> <div class="promo-unit-copy"> <div class="promo-unit-copy-lining"> <div class="promo-unit-header promo-unit-header-with-context"> <ul class="seperated-list context-heading-list"> <li class="seperated-list-item"> <span class="context-heading"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/columns/attenboroughs-story-of-life" title="View Attenborough's Story of Life"> Attenborough's Story of Life</a> </span> </li> </ul> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20170703-the-chameleon-the-size-of-an-ant" data-cs-id="story-index-1-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The chameleon the size of an ant" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="3"> <h3 class="promo-unit-title">The chameleon the size of an ant</h3> </a> </div> <p class="promo-unit-summary">Life is hazardous when you risk being run over by a millipede</p> <ul class="link-box-list "> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="promo-unit-wrapper"> <article> <div class="promo-unit "> <div class="promo-unit-lining"> <div data-brand="earth" class="promo-unit-layout-standard "> <div class="promo-unit-image"> <div class="promo-unit-image-lining"> <a data-replace-url="/earth/story/20170629-something-is-blinding-these-snakes" data-anchor-title="The snakes hunt baby birds, but the chicks' parents fight back" data-caption="" data-caption-title="" data-replace-image="true" data-is-portrait="false" data-additional-wrapper-class="" data-cs-id="story-index-2-story-promo-image" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Something is blinding these snakes" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-image" class="replace-image" title="The snakes hunt baby birds, but the chicks' parents fight back " href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/3x/p2/p03xp2xp.jpg"> <div class="replace-image-additional-content"><div class="pointer"></div></div> View image of The snakes hunt baby birds, but the chicks' parents fight back </a> </div> <div class="promo-unit-overlay"></div> </div> <div class="promo-unit-copy"> <div class="promo-unit-copy-lining"> <div class="promo-unit-header promo-unit-header-with-context"> <ul class="seperated-list context-heading-list"> <li class="seperated-list-item"> <span class="context-heading"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/columns/attenboroughs-story-of-life" title="View Attenborough's Story of Life"> Attenborough's Story of Life</a> </span> </li> </ul> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20170629-something-is-blinding-these-snakes" data-cs-id="story-index-2-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Something is blinding these snakes" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="3"> <h3 class="promo-unit-title">Something is blinding these snakes</h3> </a> </div> <p class="promo-unit-summary">In southern Australia, a population of tiger snakes is being injured - but by what?</p> <ul class="link-box-list "> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="promo-unit-wrapper"> <article> <div class="promo-unit "> <div class="promo-unit-lining"> <div data-brand="earth" class="promo-unit-layout-standard "> <div class="promo-unit-image"> <div class="promo-unit-image-lining"> <a data-replace-url="/earth/story/20170818-five-amazing-things-that-happen-in-the-ocean-at-night" data-anchor-title="Dinoflagellates emit blue light when they’re disturbed" data-caption="" data-caption-title="" data-replace-image="true" data-is-portrait="false" data-additional-wrapper-class="" data-cs-id="story-index-3-story-promo-image" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The ocean is a strange place after dark" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-image" class="replace-image" title="Dinoflagellates emit blue light when they’re disturbed " href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/5c/q9/p05cq9pg.jpg"> <div class="replace-image-additional-content"><div class="pointer"></div></div> View image of Dinoflagellates emit blue light when they’re disturbed </a> </div> <div class="promo-unit-overlay"></div> </div> <div class="promo-unit-copy"> <div class="promo-unit-copy-lining"> <div class="promo-unit-header promo-unit-header-with-context"> <ul class="seperated-list context-heading-list"> <li class="seperated-list-item"> <span class="context-heading"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/tags/oceans" title="View Oceans"> Oceans</a> </span> </li> </ul> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20170818-five-amazing-things-that-happen-in-the-ocean-at-night" data-cs-id="story-index-3-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The ocean is a strange place after dark" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="3"> <h3 class="promo-unit-title">The ocean is a strange place after dark</h3> </a> </div> <p class="promo-unit-summary">Moonlight triggers the world’s biggest orgy</p> <ul class="link-box-list "> <li class="link-box-list-item"> <a id="tag/oceans" href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/tags/oceans" data-cs-id="story-index-3-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The ocean is a strange place after dark" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="3"> <div class="link-box "> <span class="link-text">Oceans</span> <div class="pointer"></div> </div></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> </ul> </div> <div> <div class="promo-group-2-wrapper"> <div id="follow-us" class="headed-section "> <div class="headed-section-lining"> <header> <div class="section-header"> <div class="section-title-wrapper"> <h2 class="section-title">Follow BBC Earth</h2> </div> </div> </header> <div class="section-body"> <div class="headed-section-content"> <ul id="follow-us-items" class="" data-cs-module="follow-us"> <li class="follow-us-item follow-us-item-facebook"> <div class="follow-us-item-lining"> <a target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://www.facebook.com/BBCEarth" data-cs-id="follow-us-facebook" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Facebook"> <div class="icon-wrapper"> <span class="icon gelicon--facebook"></span> </div> <div class="follow-us-item-text">Facebook</div> </a> </div> </li> <li class="follow-us-item follow-us-item-twitter"> <div class="follow-us-item-lining"> <a target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://twitter.com/BBCEarth" data-cs-id="follow-us-twitter" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Twitter"> <div class="icon-wrapper"> <span class="icon gelicon--twitter"></span> </div> <div class="follow-us-item-text">Twitter</div> </a> </div> </li> <li class="follow-us-item follow-us-item-youtube"> <div class="follow-us-item-lining"> <a target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/https://www.youtube.com/user/BBCEarth" data-cs-id="follow-us-youtube" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Youtube"> <div class="icon-wrapper"> <span class="icon gelicon--youtube"></span> </div> <div class="follow-us-item-text">Youtube</div> </a> </div> </li> <li class="follow-us-item follow-us-item-instagram"> <div class="follow-us-item-lining"> <a target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://instagram.com/bbcearth" data-cs-id="follow-us-instagram" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Instagram"> <div class="icon-wrapper"> <span class="icon gelicon--instagram"></span> </div> <div class="follow-us-item-text">Instagram</div> </a> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="" class="headed-section headed-section-most-popular"> <div class="headed-section-lining"> <header> <div class="section-header"> <div class="section-title-wrapper"> <h2 class="section-title">Earth Capture</h2> </div> </div> </header> <div class="section-body"> <div class="headed-section-content"> <div class="most-popular most-popular" data-cs-module="most-popular"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20161207-the-man-who-lives-with-hyenas" title="View PEII_Cities_10_EMBARGOED-UNTIL-00.01-DECEMBER-1-2016_.jpg" class="most-popular-image-wrapper" data-cs-id="most-popular-image-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The man who lives with hyenas" data-cs-element-type="image" data-cs-total-element-count="5"> <img class="most-popular-image" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/480_480/images/live/p0/4k/ht/p04khtd4.jpg" title="Yusef has a close relationship with wild hyenas (Credit: Fredi Devas / BBC NHU 2016)" alt="Yusef has a close relationship with wild hyenas (Credit: Fredi Devas / BBC NHU 2016)"/> <div class="most-popular-image-overlay"></div> </a> <ol class="most-popular-items"> <li class="most-popular-item most-popular-item-earth"> <div class="most-popular-image-overlay"></div> <div class="most-popular-image"><img class="responsive landscape" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/4k/ht/p04khtd4.jpg" title="Yusef has a close relationship with wild hyenas (Credit: Fredi Devas / BBC NHU 2016)" alt="Yusef has a close relationship with wild hyenas (Credit: Fredi Devas / BBC NHU 2016)"/></div> <a class="most-popular-item-lining" href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20161207-the-man-who-lives-with-hyenas" title="View The man who lives with hyenas" data-cs-id="most-popular-0-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The man who lives with hyenas" data-cs-element-position="1" data-cs-total-element-count="5"> <div class="most-popular-item-title-wrapper"> <div class="most-popular-item-title">The man who lives with hyenas</div> </div> <div class="most-popular-item-rank-wrapper"> <div class="most-popular-item-rank">1</div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="most-popular-item most-popular-item-earth"> <div class="most-popular-image-overlay"></div> <div class="most-popular-image"><img class="responsive landscape" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/4j/j7/p04jj75p.jpg" title="A male Saiga antelope on the vast Eurasian steppe of Kazakhstan (Credit: BBC 2016)" alt="A male Saiga antelope on the vast Eurasian steppe of Kazakhstan (Credit: BBC 2016)"/></div> <a class="most-popular-item-lining" href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20161130-the-bizarre-beast-with-an-air-conditioning-nose" title="View The beast with an air-conditioning nose" data-cs-id="most-popular-1-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The beast with an air-conditioning nose" data-cs-element-position="2" data-cs-total-element-count="5"> <div class="most-popular-item-title-wrapper"> <div class="most-popular-item-title">The beast with an air-conditioning nose</div> </div> <div class="most-popular-item-rank-wrapper"> <div class="most-popular-item-rank">2</div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="most-popular-item most-popular-item-earth"> <div class="most-popular-image-overlay"></div> <div class="most-popular-image"><img class="responsive landscape" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/4h/p8/p04hp80p.jpg" title="Otonycteris, the desert long-eared bat, lives in the Negev Desert (Credit: Ed Charles)" alt="Otonycteris, the desert long-eared bat, lives in the Negev Desert (Credit: Ed Charles)"/></div> <a class="most-popular-item-lining" href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20161124-the-tiny-bat-that-hunts-deadly-scorpions-on-foot" title="View Tiny bat hunts deadly scorpions" data-cs-id="most-popular-2-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Tiny bat hunts deadly scorpions" data-cs-element-position="3" data-cs-total-element-count="5"> <div class="most-popular-item-title-wrapper"> <div class="most-popular-item-title">Tiny bat hunts deadly scorpions</div> </div> <div class="most-popular-item-rank-wrapper"> <div class="most-popular-item-rank">3</div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="most-popular-item most-popular-item-earth"> <div class="most-popular-image-overlay"></div> <div class="most-popular-image"><img class="responsive landscape" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/4g/l4/p04gl4k5.jpg" title="Glass frog male protects his eggs from a predatory wasp in Costa Rica (Credit: BBC 2016)" alt="Glass frog male protects his eggs from a predatory wasp in Costa Rica (Credit: BBC 2016)"/></div> <a class="most-popular-item-lining" href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20161116-is-this-frog-the-greatest-father-in-the-animal-kingdom" title="View The greatest dad in the animal world " data-cs-id="most-popular-3-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The greatest dad in the animal world " data-cs-element-position="4" data-cs-total-element-count="5"> <div class="most-popular-item-title-wrapper"> <div class="most-popular-item-title">The greatest dad in the animal world </div> </div> <div class="most-popular-item-rank-wrapper"> <div class="most-popular-item-rank">4</div> </div> </a> </li> <li class="most-popular-item most-popular-item-earth"> <div class="most-popular-image-overlay"></div> <div class="most-popular-image"><img class="responsive landscape" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812im_/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/4f/r1/p04fr1dt.jpg" title="A snow leopard mother and her daughter (Credit: BBC 2016)" alt="A snow leopard mother and her daughter (Credit: BBC 2016)"/></div> <a class="most-popular-item-lining" href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20161109-rare-big-cats-captured-on-film-like-never-before" title="View Snow leopards filmed like never before" data-cs-id="most-popular-4-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Snow leopards filmed like never before" data-cs-element-position="5" data-cs-total-element-count="5"> <div class="most-popular-item-title-wrapper"> <div class="most-popular-item-title">Snow leopards filmed like never before</div> </div> <div class="most-popular-item-rank-wrapper"> <div class="most-popular-item-rank">5</div> </div> </a> </li> </ol> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="article-list article-list-group-2 " data-cs-module="story-index"> <li class="promo-unit-wrapper"> <article> <div class="promo-unit "> <div class="promo-unit-lining"> <div data-brand="earth" class="promo-unit-layout-standard "> <div class="promo-unit-image"> <div class="promo-unit-image-lining"> <a data-replace-url="/earth/story/20170605-the-most-powerful-punches-and-kicks-of-all-time" data-anchor-title="A plains zebra (Equus quagga) about to be in pain (Credit: Lou Coetzer/naturepl.com)" data-caption="" data-caption-title="" data-replace-image="true" data-is-portrait="false" data-additional-wrapper-class="" data-cs-id="story-index-1-story-promo-image" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The most powerful punch of all" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-image" class="replace-image" title="A plains zebra (Equus quagga) about to be in pain (Credit: Lou Coetzer/naturepl.com)" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/55/0x/p0550x2s.jpg"> <div class="replace-image-additional-content"><div class="pointer"></div></div> View image of A plains zebra (Equus quagga) about to be in pain (Credit: Lou Coetzer/naturepl.com) </a> </div> <div class="promo-unit-overlay"></div> </div> <div class="promo-unit-copy"> <div class="promo-unit-copy-lining"> <div class="promo-unit-header promo-unit-header-with-context"> <ul class="seperated-list context-heading-list"> <li class="seperated-list-item"> <span class="context-heading"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/columns/record-breakers" title="View Record Breakers"> Record Breakers</a> </span> </li> </ul> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20170605-the-most-powerful-punches-and-kicks-of-all-time" data-cs-id="story-index-1-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The most powerful punch of all" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="2"> <h3 class="promo-unit-title">The most powerful punch of all</h3> </a> </div> <p class="promo-unit-summary">It is harder than Joshua or Klitschko</p> <ul class="link-box-list "> <li class="link-box-list-item"> <a id="tag/fight" href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/tags/fight" data-cs-id="story-index-1-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The most powerful punch of all" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="2"> <div class="link-box "> <span class="link-text">Fight</span> <div class="pointer"></div> </div></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="promo-unit-wrapper"> <article> <div class="promo-unit "> <div class="promo-unit-lining"> <div data-brand="earth" class="promo-unit-layout-standard "> <div class="promo-unit-image"> <div class="promo-unit-image-lining"> <a data-replace-url="/earth/story/20170628-helmet-vangas-killer-blue-beak" data-anchor-title="Helmet vanga's killer blue beak" data-caption="" data-caption-title="" data-replace-image="true" data-is-portrait="false" data-additional-wrapper-class="" data-cs-id="story-index-2-story-promo-image" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The bird with the killer blue beak" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-image" class="replace-image" title="Helmet vanga's killer blue beak " href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/3v/16/p03v16hz.jpg"> <div class="replace-image-additional-content"><div class="pointer"></div></div> View image of Helmet vanga's killer blue beak </a> </div> <div class="promo-unit-overlay"></div> </div> <div class="promo-unit-copy"> <div class="promo-unit-copy-lining"> <div class="promo-unit-header promo-unit-header-with-context"> <ul class="seperated-list context-heading-list"> <li class="seperated-list-item"> <span class="context-heading"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/columns/attenboroughs-story-of-life" title="View Attenborough's Story of Life"> Attenborough's Story of Life</a> </span> </li> </ul> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20170628-helmet-vangas-killer-blue-beak" data-cs-id="story-index-2-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The bird with the killer blue beak" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="2"> <h3 class="promo-unit-title">The bird with the killer blue beak</h3> </a> </div> <p class="promo-unit-summary">This rare bird lives exclusively in Madagascar's wet forests</p> <ul class="link-box-list "> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> </ul> <div id="extra-module-1"></div> </div> <div class="promo-group-3-wrapper"> <div id="extra-module-2"></div> <div class="mpu-wrapper"> <div id="bbccom_native_responsive_1_2_3_4" class="bbccom_slot" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="bbccom_advert"> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.slotAsync) { bbcdotcom.slotAsync('native_responsive', [1,2,3,4]); } /*]]>*/ </script> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="article-list article-list-group-3 " data-cs-module="story-index"> <li class="promo-unit-wrapper"> <article> <div class="promo-unit "> <div class="promo-unit-lining"> <div data-brand="earth" class="promo-unit-layout-standard "> <div class="promo-unit-image"> <div class="promo-unit-image-lining"> <a data-replace-url="/earth/story/20170627-baboon-troops-clash-in-epic-battle" data-anchor-title="Baboon troops clash" data-caption="" data-caption-title="" data-replace-image="true" data-is-portrait="false" data-additional-wrapper-class="" data-cs-id="story-index-1-story-promo-image" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Baboon troops clash in epic battle " data-cs-element-type="story-promo-image" class="replace-image" title="Baboon troops clash " href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/3t/sm/p03tsmrg.jpg"> <div class="replace-image-additional-content"><div class="pointer"></div></div> View image of Baboon troops clash </a> </div> <div class="promo-unit-overlay"></div> </div> <div class="promo-unit-copy"> <div class="promo-unit-copy-lining"> <div class="promo-unit-header promo-unit-header-with-context"> <ul class="seperated-list context-heading-list"> <li class="seperated-list-item"> <span class="context-heading"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/columns/attenboroughs-story-of-life" title="View Attenborough's Story of Life"> Attenborough's Story of Life</a> </span> </li> </ul> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20170627-baboon-troops-clash-in-epic-battle" data-cs-id="story-index-1-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Baboon troops clash in epic battle " data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="4"> <h3 class="promo-unit-title">Baboon troops clash in epic battle </h3> </a> </div> <p class="promo-unit-summary">In a fight for territory, dominant males settle old scores</p> <ul class="link-box-list "> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="promo-unit-wrapper"> <article> <div class="promo-unit "> <div class="promo-unit-lining"> <div data-brand="earth" class="promo-unit-layout-standard "> <div class="promo-unit-image"> <div class="promo-unit-image-lining"> <a data-replace-url="/earth/story/20170622-the-animals-that-are-almost-invisible" data-anchor-title="Glass octopus (Vitreledonella richardi) (Credit: Solvin Zankl/naturepl.com)" data-caption="" data-caption-title="" data-replace-image="true" data-is-portrait="false" data-additional-wrapper-class="" data-cs-id="story-index-2-story-promo-image" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The animals that are almost invisible" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-image" class="replace-image" title="Glass octopus (Vitreledonella richardi) (Credit: Solvin Zankl/naturepl.com)" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/56/n6/p056n6fv.jpg"> <div class="replace-image-additional-content"><div class="pointer"></div></div> View image of Glass octopus (Vitreledonella richardi) (Credit: Solvin Zankl/naturepl.com) </a> </div> <div class="promo-unit-overlay"></div> </div> <div class="promo-unit-copy"> <div class="promo-unit-copy-lining"> <div class="promo-unit-header promo-unit-header-with-context"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20170622-the-animals-that-are-almost-invisible" data-cs-id="story-index-2-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The animals that are almost invisible" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="4"> <h3 class="promo-unit-title">The animals that are almost invisible</h3> </a> </div> <p class="promo-unit-summary">These animals’ ability to control light renders them almost invisible</p> <ul class="link-box-list "> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="promo-unit-wrapper advert"> <div id="bbccom_infeed_1_2_3_4" class="bbccom_slot" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="bbccom_advert"> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.slotAsync) { bbcdotcom.slotAsync('infeed', [1,2,3,4]); } /*]]>*/ </script> </div> </div> </li> <li class="promo-unit-wrapper"> <article> <div class="promo-unit "> <div class="promo-unit-lining"> <div data-brand="earth" class="promo-unit-layout-standard "> <div class="promo-unit-image"> <div class="promo-unit-image-lining"> <a data-replace-url="/earth/story/20170619-when-penguins-are-in-danger-of-over-heating" data-anchor-title="Penguins cope with summer heat" data-caption="" data-caption-title="" data-replace-image="true" data-is-portrait="false" data-additional-wrapper-class="" data-cs-id="story-index-3-story-promo-image" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Penguins in danger of over heating" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-image" class="replace-image" title="Penguins cope with summer heat " href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/3w/6p/p03w6py6.jpg"> <div class="replace-image-additional-content"><div class="pointer"></div></div> View image of Penguins cope with summer heat </a> </div> <div class="promo-unit-overlay"></div> </div> <div class="promo-unit-copy"> <div class="promo-unit-copy-lining"> <div class="promo-unit-header promo-unit-header-with-context"> <ul class="seperated-list context-heading-list"> <li class="seperated-list-item"> <span class="context-heading"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/columns/attenboroughs-story-of-life" title="View Attenborough's Story of Life"> Attenborough's Story of Life</a> </span> </li> </ul> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20170619-when-penguins-are-in-danger-of-over-heating" data-cs-id="story-index-3-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Penguins in danger of over heating" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="4"> <h3 class="promo-unit-title">Penguins in danger of over heating</h3> </a> </div> <p class="promo-unit-summary">How do these typically chill characters stay cool over the long polar summer?</p> <ul class="link-box-list "> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="promo-unit-wrapper"> <article> <div class="promo-unit "> <div class="promo-unit-lining"> <div data-brand="earth" class="promo-unit-layout-standard "> <div class="promo-unit-image"> <div class="promo-unit-image-lining"> <a data-replace-url="/earth/story/20170619-conservation-success-for-otters-on-the-brink" data-anchor-title="Hero A sea otter floating on its back in California" data-caption="" data-caption-title="" data-replace-image="true" data-is-portrait="false" data-additional-wrapper-class="" data-cs-id="story-index-4-story-promo-image" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Return of the otters" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-image" class="replace-image" title="Hero A sea otter floating on its back in California " href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/56/cj/p056cj5w.jpg"> <div class="replace-image-additional-content"><div class="pointer"></div></div> View image of Hero A sea otter floating on its back in California </a> </div> <div class="promo-unit-overlay"></div> </div> <div class="promo-unit-copy"> <div class="promo-unit-copy-lining"> <div class="promo-unit-header promo-unit-header-with-context"> <ul class="seperated-list context-heading-list"> <li class="seperated-list-item"> <span class="context-heading"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/tags/conservation" title="View Conservation"> Conservation</a> </span> </li> </ul> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20170619-conservation-success-for-otters-on-the-brink" data-cs-id="story-index-4-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Return of the otters" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="4"> <h3 class="promo-unit-title">Return of the otters</h3> </a> </div> <p class="promo-unit-summary">From California to Cambodia, otters are bouncing back</p> <ul class="link-box-list "> <li class="link-box-list-item"> <a id="tag/conservation" href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/tags/conservation" data-cs-id="story-index-4-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Return of the otters" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="4"> <div class="link-box "> <span class="link-text">Conservation</span> <div class="pointer"></div> </div></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="promo-group-4-wrapper"> <div class="mpu-wrapper"> <div id="bbccom_mpu_4" class="bbccom_slot" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="bbccom_advert"> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.slotAsync) { bbcdotcom.slotAsync('mpu', [4]); } /*]]>*/ </script> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="article-list article-list-group-4 " data-cs-module="story-index"> <li class="promo-unit-wrapper"> <article> <div class="promo-unit "> <div class="promo-unit-lining"> <div data-brand="earth" class="promo-unit-layout-standard "> <div class="promo-unit-image"> <div class="promo-unit-image-lining"> <a data-replace-url="/earth/story/20170615-two-headed-porpoise-caught-in-net-is-the-first-ever-found" data-anchor-title="Conjoined twin porpoises caught in net (Credit: Henk Tanis)" data-caption="" data-caption-title="" data-replace-image="true" data-is-portrait="false" data-additional-wrapper-class="" data-cs-id="story-index-1-story-promo-image" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="'Two-headed' baby porpoise found in net" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-image" class="replace-image" title="Conjoined twin porpoises caught in net (Credit: Henk Tanis)" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/55/zx/p055zxql.jpg"> <div class="replace-image-additional-content"><div class="pointer"></div></div> View image of Conjoined twin porpoises caught in net (Credit: Henk Tanis) </a> </div> <div class="promo-unit-overlay"></div> </div> <div class="promo-unit-copy"> <div class="promo-unit-copy-lining"> <div class="promo-unit-header promo-unit-header-with-context"> <ul class="seperated-list context-heading-list"> <li class="seperated-list-item"> <span class="context-heading"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/columns/rare-earth" title="View Rare Earth"> Rare Earth</a> </span> </li> </ul> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20170615-two-headed-porpoise-caught-in-net-is-the-first-ever-found" data-cs-id="story-index-1-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="'Two-headed' baby porpoise found in net" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="2"> <h3 class="promo-unit-title">'Two-headed' baby porpoise found in net</h3> </a> </div> <p class="promo-unit-summary">The conjoined twins are the first of their kind</p> <ul class="link-box-list "> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="promo-unit-wrapper"> <article> <div class="promo-unit "> <div class="promo-unit-lining"> <div data-brand="earth" class="promo-unit-layout-standard "> <div class="promo-unit-image"> <div class="promo-unit-image-lining"> <a data-replace-url="/earth/story/20170615-rolling-out-the-blue-carpet-the-british-spring-arrives" data-anchor-title="Bluebells (Credit: Herry Lawford)" data-caption="" data-caption-title="" data-replace-image="true" data-is-portrait="false" data-additional-wrapper-class="" data-cs-id="story-index-2-story-promo-image" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Rolling out the blue carpet" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-image" class="replace-image" title="Bluebells (Credit: Herry Lawford)" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/55/z2/p055z2wy.jpg"> <div class="replace-image-additional-content"> <span id="" class="icon-wrapper gel-icon-wrapper icon-wrapper-play"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--play"></i> </span> <div class="pointer"></div></div> View image of Bluebells (Credit: Herry Lawford) </a> </div> <div class="promo-unit-overlay"></div> </div> <div class="promo-unit-copy"> <div class="promo-unit-copy-lining"> <div class="promo-unit-header promo-unit-header-with-context"> <ul class="seperated-list context-heading-list"> <li class="seperated-list-item"> <span class="context-heading"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/columns/attenboroughs-story-of-life" title="View Attenborough's Story of Life"> Attenborough's Story of Life</a> </span> </li> </ul> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20170615-rolling-out-the-blue-carpet-the-british-spring-arrives" data-cs-id="story-index-2-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Rolling out the blue carpet" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="2"> <h3 class="promo-unit-title">Rolling out the blue carpet</h3> </a> </div> <p class="promo-unit-summary">As the weather warms, bluebells cover the woodland floor</p> <ul class="link-box-list "> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> </ul> <div class="best-of-list"> <div id="" class="headed-section headed-section-best-of"> <div class="headed-section-lining"> <header> <div class="section-header"> <div class="section-title-wrapper"> <h2 class="section-title">Unmissable Stories</h2> </div> </div> </header> <div class="section-body"> <div class="headed-section-content"> <ul class="article-list article-list-best-of "> <li class="promo-unit-wrapper"> <article> <div class="promo-unit secondary-branded"> <div class="promo-unit-lining"> <div data-brand="earth" class="promo-unit-layout-standard secondary-branded"> <div class="promo-unit-image"> <div class="promo-unit-image-lining"> <a data-replace-url="/earth/story/20170407-in-1674-a-mysterious-storm-devastated-a-dutch-city" data-anchor-title="A bow echo over South Dakota (Credit: Mike Hollingshead/Alamy)" data-caption="" data-caption-title="" data-replace-image="true" data-is-portrait="false" data-additional-wrapper-class="" data-cs-id="1-story-promo-image" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The storm that trashed a city" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-image" class="replace-image" title="A bow echo over South Dakota (Credit: Mike Hollingshead/Alamy)" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/4z/86/p04z86mz.jpg"> <div class="replace-image-additional-content"><div class="pointer"></div></div> View image of A bow echo over South Dakota (Credit: Mike Hollingshead/Alamy) </a> </div> <div class="promo-unit-overlay"></div> </div> <div class="promo-unit-copy"> <div class="promo-unit-copy-lining"> <div class="promo-unit-header promo-unit-header-with-context"> <ul class="seperated-list context-heading-list"> <li class="seperated-list-item"> <span class="context-heading"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/columns/catastrophes" title="View Catastrophes"> Catastrophes</a> </span> </li> </ul> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20170407-in-1674-a-mysterious-storm-devastated-a-dutch-city" data-cs-id="1-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The storm that trashed a city" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="3"> <h3 class="promo-unit-title">The storm that trashed a city</h3> </a> </div> <p class="promo-unit-summary">It took just 15 minutes to cause devastation</p> <ul class="link-box-list secondary-branded"> <li class="link-box-list-item"> <a id="tag/weather" href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/tags/weather" data-cs-id="1-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The storm that trashed a city" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="3"> <div class="link-box "> <span class="link-text">Weather</span> <div class="pointer"></div> </div></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="promo-unit-wrapper"> <article> <div class="promo-unit secondary-branded"> <div class="promo-unit-lining"> <div data-brand="earth" class="promo-unit-layout-standard secondary-branded"> <div class="promo-unit-image"> <div class="promo-unit-image-lining"> <a data-replace-url="/earth/story/20170404-the-physics-that-tells-us-what-the-universe-is-made-of" data-anchor-title="Particle physics tells us what the world is made of (Credit: Science Photo Library/Alamy)" data-caption="" data-caption-title="" data-replace-image="true" data-is-portrait="false" data-additional-wrapper-class="" data-cs-id="2-story-promo-image" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The things that are smaller than atoms" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-image" class="replace-image" title="Particle physics tells us what the world is made of (Credit: Science Photo Library/Alamy)" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/4z/0q/p04z0qvq.jpg"> <div class="replace-image-additional-content"> <span id="" class="icon-wrapper gel-icon-wrapper icon-wrapper-play"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--play"></i> </span> <div class="pointer"></div></div> View image of Particle physics tells us what the world is made of (Credit: Science Photo Library/Alamy) </a> </div> <div class="promo-unit-overlay"></div> </div> <div class="promo-unit-copy"> <div class="promo-unit-copy-lining"> <div class="promo-unit-header promo-unit-header-with-context"> <ul class="seperated-list context-heading-list"> <li class="seperated-list-item"> <span class="context-heading"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/columns/video" title="View Video"> Video</a> </span> </li> </ul> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20170404-the-physics-that-tells-us-what-the-universe-is-made-of" data-cs-id="2-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The things that are smaller than atoms" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="3"> <h3 class="promo-unit-title">The things that are smaller than atoms</h3> </a> </div> <p class="promo-unit-summary">They are the building blocks of everything</p> <ul class="link-box-list secondary-branded"> <li class="link-box-list-item"> <a id="tag/physics" href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/tags/physics" data-cs-id="2-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="The things that are smaller than atoms" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="3"> <div class="link-box "> <span class="link-text">Physics</span> <div class="pointer"></div> </div></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> <li class="promo-unit-wrapper"> <article> <div class="promo-unit secondary-branded"> <div class="promo-unit-lining"> <div data-brand="earth" class="promo-unit-layout-standard secondary-branded"> <div class="promo-unit-image"> <div class="promo-unit-image-lining"> <a data-replace-url="/earth/story/20161021-why-there-could-be-many-copies-of-you" data-anchor-title="(Credit: Lambada/i Stock)" data-caption="" data-caption-title="" data-replace-image="true" data-is-portrait="false" data-additional-wrapper-class="" data-cs-id="3-story-promo-image" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Do you have many doppelgangers?" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-image" class="replace-image" title="(Credit: Lambada/i Stock)" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://ichef.bbci.co.uk/wwfeatures/live/130_73/images/live/p0/4c/pt/p04cpts8.jpg"> <div class="replace-image-additional-content"> <span id="" class="icon-wrapper gel-icon-wrapper icon-wrapper-play"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="gelicon gelicon--play"></i> </span> <div class="pointer"></div></div> View image of (Credit: Lambada/i Stock) </a> </div> <div class="promo-unit-overlay"></div> </div> <div class="promo-unit-copy"> <div class="promo-unit-copy-lining"> <div class="promo-unit-header promo-unit-header-with-context"> <ul class="seperated-list context-heading-list"> <li class="seperated-list-item"> <span class="context-heading"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/columns/the-big-questions" title="View The Big Questions"> The Big Questions</a> </span> </li> </ul> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20161021-why-there-could-be-many-copies-of-you" data-cs-id="3-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Do you have many doppelgangers?" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="3"> <h3 class="promo-unit-title">Do you have many doppelgangers?</h3> </a> </div> <p class="promo-unit-summary">The answer is more spooky than you might think</p> <ul class="link-box-list secondary-branded"> <li class="link-box-list-item"> <a id="tag/universe" href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/tags/universe" data-cs-id="3-story-promo-link" data-cs-event="click" data-cs-element-name="Do you have many doppelgangers?" data-cs-element-type="story-promo-link" data-cs-total-element-count="3"> <div class="link-box "> <span class="link-text">Universe</span> <div class="pointer"></div> </div></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="extra-module-3"></div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <div class="parallax-slot-wrapper"> <div id="bbccom_parallax_1_2_3_4" class="bbccom_slot" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="bbccom_advert"> <script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.slotAsync) { bbcdotcom.slotAsync('parallax', [1,2,3,4]); } /*]]>*/ </script> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"></div> <ul id="more-stories-wrapper" class="article-list"></ul> <div id="load-more-wrapper" class="load-more-button"> <!-- <a id="load-more" href=""> <div class="load-more-lining"> <span id="load-more-label">Load More Items</span> <span id="loading-spinner" class="gelicon gelicon--refresh"></span> </div> </a> --> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- content block end --> <noscript> <div id="nav-bottom"> <div class="navigation-wrapper "> <ul class="navigation-list" role="navigation" aria-label=""> </ul> </div> </div> </noscript> <div id="extra-footer" class="extra-footer" class="clearfix"> <div class="page-component-wrapper"> <div id="around-bbc" class="component-placeholder around-the-bbc"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- page end --> </div> </div> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812js_/http://static.bbcverticals.com/earth/config/live/world/config.json"></script> <script> if(hasTheMustard()|| hasFixedWidthLayout()){ var requirePaths={}; if(isWebKit()){ requirePaths.jquery="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/static/6130d4e33379/components/jquery-modern/dist/jquery"; }else{ requirePaths.jquery= "https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/static/6130d4e33379/components/jquery-legacy/jquery"; } require.config({ paths:requirePaths, shim: { 'selectivity': ['jquery'], 'actual': ['jquery'] } }); require(['wwearth/main'], function(App){ var myApp = new App(); } ); } </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812js_/http://www.bbc.com/earth/static/6130d4e33379/scripts/vendor/comscore/comscore.js"></script> <noscript> <p> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812im_/http://ssc.api.bbc.com/?c1=2&c2=19774467&ns_site=bbc&name=bbc_-_earth_-_home&b_vs_un=bc&c7=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fearth%2Fworld&b_c7=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fearth%2Fworld&c8=bbc_-_earth_-_home&b_app_type=web&b_app_name=earth%7Crc49&b_imp_ver=rc49&b_imp_src=wwf&b_site_channel=earth&b_edition=international&b_page_type=idx%7Cna&c9=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fearth%2F&b_c9=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fearth%2F" height="1" width="1" alt="*"/> </p> </noscript> <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-47973230-2', 'bbc.com'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var _sf_async_config={}; _sf_async_config.useCanonical = true; _sf_async_config.uid = '50924'; _sf_async_config.domain = 'bbc.co.uk'; _sf_async_config.sections = 'earth'; _sf_async_config.authors = 'false'; (function(){ function loadChartbeat() { window._sf_endpt=(new Date()).getTime(); var e = document.createElement("script"); e.setAttribute("language", "javascript"); e.setAttribute("type", "text/javascript"); e.setAttribute('src', '//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js'); document.body.appendChild(e); } var oldonload = window.onload; window.onload = (typeof window.onload != "function") ? loadChartbeat : function() { oldonload(); loadChartbeat(); }; })(); </script> </div> <div id="orb-footer" class="orb-footer orb-footer-grey b-footer--grey--white"> <div id="navp-orb-footer-promo" class="orb-footer-grey"></div> <aside role="complementary"> <div id="orb-aside" class="orb-nav-sec b-r b-g-p"> <div class="orb-footer-inner" role="navigation"> <h2 class="orb-footer-lead">Explore the BBC</h2> <div class="orb-footer-primary-links"> <ul> <li class="orb-nav-home orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.co.uk/">Home</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-homedotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/">Home</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-news orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news">News</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-newsdotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/news">News</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-sport"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/sport/">Sport</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-weather"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/weather/">Weather</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-shop orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://shop.bbc.com/">Shop</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-earthdotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/">Earth</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-travel-dotcom orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/travel/">Travel</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-capital orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/capital/">Capital</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-iplayer orb-d"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/iplayer/">iPlayer</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-culture orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/culture/">Culture</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-autos orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/autos/">Autos</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-future orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/future/">Future</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-tv"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/tv/">TV</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-radio"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/radio/">Radio</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-cbbc"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/cbbc">CBBC</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-cbeebies"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/cbeebies">CBeebies</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-food"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/food/">Food</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/iwonder">iWonder</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/education">Bitesize</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-travel orb-d"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/travel/">Travel</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-music"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/music/">Music</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-earth orb-d"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/earth/">Earth</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-arts"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/arts/">Arts</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-makeitdigital"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/makeitdigital">Make It Digital</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/taster">Taster</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-nature orb-w"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/nature/">Nature</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-local"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/local/">Local</a> </li> <li class="orb-nav-tomorrowsworld orb-d"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/tomorrowsworld">Tomorrow's World</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <footer role="contentinfo"> <div id="orb-contentinfo" class="orb-nav-sec b-r b-g-p"> <div class="orb-footer-inner"> <ul> <li> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/terms/">Terms of Use</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/aboutthebbc/">About the BBC</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/privacy/">Privacy Policy</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/privacy/cookies/about">Cookies</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/accessibility/">Accessibility Help</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/guidance/">Parental Guidance</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/contact/">Contact the BBC</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/bbcnewsletter">Get Personalised Newsletters</a> </li> <li class=" orb-w"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://advertising.bbcworldwide.com/">Advertise with us</a> </li> <li class=" orb-w"> <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/privacy/cookies/international/">Ad choices</a> </li> </ul> <small> <span class="orb-hilight">Copyright © 2018 BBC.</span> The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. <a href="/web/20180212205812/http://www.bbc.com/help/web/links/" class="orb-hilight">Read about our approach to external linking.</a> </small> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <!-- BBCDOTCOM bodyLast --><div class="bbccom_display_none"><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && window.bbcdotcom.analytics && bbcdotcom.config && !bbcdotcom.config.isSportApp()) { bbcdotcom.analytics.page(); } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.currencyProviders) { bbcdotcom.currencyProviders.write(); } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.currencyProviders) { bbcdotcom.currencyProviders.postWrite(); } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data && bbcdotcom.data.stats && bbcdotcom.data.stats == 1 && bbcdotcom.config && bbcdotcom.config.isLotameEnabled && bbcdotcom.config.isLotameEnabled() && bbcdotcom.lotame){ bbcdotcom.lotame.write(); } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ if (window.bbcdotcom && bbcdotcom.data && bbcdotcom.data.stats && bbcdotcom.data.stats === 1 && bbcdotcom.utils && window.location.pathname === '/' && window.bbccookies && bbccookies.readPolicy('performance') ) { var wwhpEdition = bbcdotcom.utils.getMetaPropertyContent('wwhp-edition'); var _sf_async_config={}; /** CONFIGURATION START **/ _sf_async_config.uid = 50924; _sf_async_config.domain = "bbc.co.uk"; _sf_async_config.title = "Homepage"+(wwhpEdition !== '' ? ' - '+wwhpEdition : ''); _sf_async_config.sections = "Homepage"+(wwhpEdition !== '' ? ', Homepage - '+wwhpEdition : ''); _sf_async_config.region = wwhpEdition; _sf_async_config.path = "/"+(wwhpEdition !== '' ? '?'+wwhpEdition : ''); /** CONFIGURATION END **/ (function(){ function loadChartbeat() { window._sf_endpt=(new Date()).getTime(); var e = document.createElement("script"); e.setAttribute("language", "javascript"); e.setAttribute("type", "text/javascript"); e.setAttribute('src', '//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js'); document.body.appendChild(e); } var oldonload = window.onload; window.onload = (typeof window.onload != "function") ? loadChartbeat : function() { oldonload(); loadChartbeat(); }; })(); } /*]]>*/ </script><script type="text/javascript"> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { window.bbcdotcom.bodyLast = true; }()); /*]]>*/ </script></div><!-- BBCDOTCOM all code in page --> <script type="text/javascript" id="orb-js-script" data-assetpath="http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.31/orb/4/" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180212205812js_/http://static.bbci.co.uk/frameworks/barlesque/3.21.31/orb/4/script/orb.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { 'use strict'; var promoManager = { url: '', promoLoaded: false, makeUrl: function (theme, site, win) { var loc = win? win.location : window.location, proto = loc.protocol, host = loc.host, url = proto + '//' + ((proto.match(/s:/i) && !host.match(/^www\.(int|test)\./i))? 'ssl.' : 'www.'), themes = ['light', 'dark']; if ( host.match(/^(?:www|ssl|m)\.(int|test|stage|live)\.bbc\./i) ) { url += RegExp.$1 + '.'; } else if ( host.match(/^pal\.sandbox\./i) ) { url += 'test.'; } theme = themes[ +(theme === themes[0]) ]; return url + 'bbc.co.uk/navpromo/card/' + site + '/' + theme; }, init: function(node) { var disabledByCookie = (document.cookie.indexOf('ckns_orb_nopromo=1') > -1), that = this; if (window.promomanagerOverride) { for (var p in promomanagerOverride) { that[p] = promomanagerOverride[p]; } } if ( window.orb.fig('uk') && !disabledByCookie ) { require(['orb/async/_footerpromo', 'istats-1'], function(promo, istats) { var virtualSite = istats.getSite() || 'default'; that.url = (window.promomanagerOverride || that).makeUrl('light', virtualSite); if (that.url) { promo.load(that.url, node, { onSuccess: function(e) { if(e.status === 'success') { node.parentNode.className = node.parentNode.className + ' orb-footer-promo-loaded'; promoManager.promoLoaded = true; promoManager.event('promo-loaded').fire(e); } }, onError: function() { istats.log('error', 'orb-footer-promo-failed'); bbccookies.set('ckns_orb_nopromo=1; expires=' + new Date(new Date().getTime() + 1000 * 60 * 10).toGMTString() + ';path=/;'); } }); } }); } } }; define('orb/promomanager', ['orb/lib/_event'], function (event) { event.mixin(promoManager); return promoManager; }); require(['orb/promomanager'], function (promoManager) { promoManager.init(document.getElementById('navp-orb-footer-promo')); }) })(); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> require.config({ paths: { "mybbc/templates": '//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/notification-ui/3.8.4/templates', "mybbc/notifications": '//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/notification-ui/3.8.4/js' } }); require(['mybbc/notifications/NotificationsMain', 'idcta/idcta-1'], function (NotificationsMain, idcta) { var loadNotifications = function (fig) { if (fig.geo.isUK()) { NotificationsMain.run(idcta, '//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://mybbc.files.bbci.co.uk/notification-ui/3.8.4/'); } }; var orbFig = window.orb.fig; if (typeof orbFig.load === 'function') { // Use new async API from Orbit orbFig.load(loadNotifications, loadNotifications); } else { // Use old sync-only API from PAL orbfig project loadNotifications(orbFig); } }); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> if (typeof require !== 'undefined') { require(['istats-1'], function(istats){ istats.track('external', { region: document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0] }); istats.track('download', { region: document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0] }); }); } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> if (window.SEARCHBOX.suppress === false && window.SEARCHBOX.locale && /^en-?.*?/.test(window.SEARCHBOX.locale)) { require.config({ paths: { "search/searchbox": window.SEARCHBOX.searchboxAppStaticPrefix, "disco-layer": "//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/discovery-layer/0.0.1-225.3e98a7a/app" } }); require(['search/searchbox/searchboxDrawer'], function (SearchboxDrawer) { SearchboxDrawer.run(window.SEARCHBOX); }); var loadDiscoveryLayer = function (fig) { if (fig.geo.isUK()) { require(['disco-layer'], function (discoLayer) { discoLayer.run("//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/discovery-layer/content/", "//web.archive.org/web/20180212205812/http://nav.files.bbci.co.uk/discovery-layer/0.0.1-225.3e98a7a/main.css"); }); } }; var orbFig = window.orb.fig; if (typeof orbFig.load === 'function') { // Use new async API from Orbit orbFig.load(loadDiscoveryLayer); } else { // Use old sync-only API from PAL orbfig project loadDiscoveryLayer(orbFig); } } </script> <script type="text/javascript">require(["megavolt-client","istats-1","orb/cookies"],function(t,e,i){function o(){return"true"===l&&a&&t&&"function"==typeof t.getMVTIStatsLabels}function n(){!c&&o()?setTimeout(function(){e.invoke()},"500"):e.invoke()}var s=navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase(),a=!(s.indexOf("msie")>-1)||parseInt(s.split("msie")[1],10)>10,c=!1,l="true";if(i.isAllowed("s1"))try{if(o()&&t.getMVTIStatsLabels(function(t){e.addLabels(t),c=!0}),!require.s.contexts._.config.paths.idcta)return void n();require(["idcta/idcta-1"],function(t){t&&"function"==typeof t.getIStatsLabels&&e.addLabels(t.getIStatsLabels()),n()},function(t){throw t})}catch(t){console&&"function"==typeof console.log&&console.log("an exception occurred while adding idcta labels to istats, invoking istats without them",t),n()}});</script> </body> </html> <!-- FILE ARCHIVED ON 20:58:12 Feb 12, 2018 AND RETRIEVED FROM THE INTERNET ARCHIVE ON 05:24:01 Nov 30, 2024. JAVASCRIPT APPENDED BY WAYBACK MACHINE, COPYRIGHT INTERNET ARCHIVE. ALL OTHER CONTENT MAY ALSO BE PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT (17 U.S.C. SECTION 108(a)(3)). --> <!-- playback timings (ms): captures_list: 0.55 exclusion.robots: 0.023 exclusion.robots.policy: 0.015 esindex: 0.01 cdx.remote: 6.5 LoadShardBlock: 273.466 (6) PetaboxLoader3.datanode: 624.251 (8) PetaboxLoader3.resolve: 217.456 (3) load_resource: 635.477 (2) -->