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data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-80c6bb0a-384c-4032-8765-85de091c2fe4"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-80c6bb0a-384c-4032-8765-85de091c2fe4"></div> </a></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Rajeev Gupta</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="106665381"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/106665381/Evaluation_of_statin_prescriptions_in_type_2_diabetes_India_Heart_Watch_2"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of statin prescriptions in type 2 diabetes: India Heart Watch-2" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/105747259/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/106665381/Evaluation_of_statin_prescriptions_in_type_2_diabetes_India_Heart_Watch_2">Evaluation of statin prescriptions in type 2 diabetes: India Heart Watch-2</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>BMJ Open Diabetes Research &amp; Care</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Contemporary treatment guidelines advise statin use in all patients with diabetes for...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Contemporary treatment guidelines advise statin use in all patients with diabetes for reducing coronary risk. Use of statins in patients with type 2 diabetes has not been reported from India. Methods: We performed a multisite (n=9) registrybased study among internists (n=3), diabetologists (n=3), and endocrinologists (n=3) across India to determine prescriptions of statins in patients with type 2 diabetes. Demographic and clinical details were obtained and prescriptions were audited for various medications with a focus on statins. Details of type of statin and dosage form (low, moderate, and high) were obtained. Patients were divided into categories based on presence of cardiovascular risk into low (no risk factors, n=1506), medium (≥1 risk factor, n=5425), and high (with vascular disease, n=1769). Descriptive statistics are presented. Results: Prescription details were available in 8699 (men 5292, women 3407). Statins were prescribed in 55.2% and fibrates in 9.2%. Statin prescription was significantly greater among diabetologists (64.4%) compared with internists (n=53.3%) and endocrinologists (46.8%; p<0.001). Atorvastatin was prescribed in 74.1%, rosuvastatin in 29.2%, and others in 3.0%. Statin prescriptions were lower in women (52.1%) versus men (57.2%; p<0.001) and in patients aged <40 years (34.3%), versus those aged 40-49 (49.7%), 50-59 (60.1%), and ≥60 years (62.2%; p<0.001). Low-dose statins were prescribed in 1.9%, moderate dose in 85.4%, and high dose in 12.7%. Statin prescriptions were greater in the high-risk group (58.0%) compared with those in the medium-risk (53.8%) and low-risk (56.8%) groups (p <0.001). High-dose statin prescriptions were similar in the highrisk (14.5%), medium-risk (11.8%), and low-risk (13.5%) groups (p=0.31). Conclusions: Statins are prescribed in only half of the clinic-based patients in India with type 2 diabetes. Prescription of high-dose statins is very low.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3ba7f638308d92003b957b065633ca5c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":105747259,"asset_id":106665381,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/105747259/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="106665381"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="106665381"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 106665381; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251165]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251165,"title":"CAPD In Rajasthan-Single Centre Experience","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251165/CAPD_In_Rajasthan_Single_Centre_Experience","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251164"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251164/O170_Educational_status_related_inequities_in_awareness_treatment_and_control_of_cardiovascular_risk_factors_in_India_Cross_sectional_study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of O170 Educational-status related inequities in awareness, treatment and control of cardiovascular risk factors in India: Cross-sectional study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251164/O170_Educational_status_related_inequities_in_awareness_treatment_and_control_of_cardiovascular_risk_factors_in_India_Cross_sectional_study">O170 Educational-status related inequities in awareness, treatment and control of cardiovascular risk factors in India: Cross-sectional study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Global Heart</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251164"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251164"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251164; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251164]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251164]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251164; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60251164']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251164]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251164,"title":"O170 Educational-status related inequities in awareness, treatment and control of cardiovascular risk factors in India: Cross-sectional study","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251164/O170_Educational_status_related_inequities_in_awareness_treatment_and_control_of_cardiovascular_risk_factors_in_India_Cross_sectional_study","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251163"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251163/Twenty_year_trends_in_cardiovascular_risk_factors_in_India_and_influence_of_educational_status"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Twenty-year trends in cardiovascular risk factors in India and influence of educational status" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251163/Twenty_year_trends_in_cardiovascular_risk_factors_in_India_and_influence_of_educational_status">Twenty-year trends in cardiovascular risk factors in India and influence of educational status</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>European Journal of Preventive Cardiology</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Urban middle-socioeconomic status (SES) subjects have high burden of cardiovascular risk factors ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Urban middle-socioeconomic status (SES) subjects have high burden of cardiovascular risk factors in low-income countries. To determine secular trends in risk factors among this population and to correlate risks with educational status we performed epidemiological studies in India. Five cross-sectional studies were performed in middle-SES urban locations in Jaipur, India from years 1992 to 2010. Cluster sampling was performed. Subjects (men, women) aged 20-59 years evaluated were 712 (459, 253) in 1992-94, 558 (286, 272) in 1999-2001, 374 (179, 195) in 2002-03, 887 (414, 473) in 2004-05, and 530 (324, 206) in 2009-10. Data were obtained by history, anthropometry, and fasting blood glucose and lipids estimation. Response rates varied from 55 to 75%. Mean values and risk factor prevalence were determined. Secular trends were identified using quadratic and log-linear regression and chi-squared for trend. Across the studies, there was high prevalence of overweight, hypertension, and lipid abnormalities. Age- and sex-adjusted trends showed significant increases in mean body mass index (BMI), fasting glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides (quadratic and log-linear regression, p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). Systolic blood pressure (BP) decreased while insignificant changes were observed for waist-hip ratio and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Categorical trends showed increase in overweight and decrease in smoking (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05); insignificant changes were observed in truncal obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, and diabetes. Adjustment for educational status attenuated linear trends in BMI and total and LDL cholesterol and accentuated trends in systolic BP, glucose, and HDL cholesterol. There was significant association of an increase in education with decline in smoking and an increase in overweight (two-line regression p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05). In Indian urban middle-SES subjects there is high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. Over a 20-year period BMI and overweight increased, smoking and systolic BP decreased, and truncal obesity, hypercholesterolaemia, and diabetes remained stable. Increasing educational status attenuated trends for systolic BP, glucose and HDL cholesterol, and BMI.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251163"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251163"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251163; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251163]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251163]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251163; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60251163']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251163]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251163,"title":"Twenty-year trends in cardiovascular risk factors in India and influence of educational status","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251163/Twenty_year_trends_in_cardiovascular_risk_factors_in_India_and_influence_of_educational_status","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251162"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251162/A_Novel_Cardiac_Rehabilitation_Programme_to_Decrease_Cardiovascular_Risks_in_Elderly_Patients_of_Coronary_Artery_Disease"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Novel Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme to Decrease Cardiovascular Risks in Elderly Patients of Coronary Artery Disease" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251162/A_Novel_Cardiac_Rehabilitation_Programme_to_Decrease_Cardiovascular_Risks_in_Elderly_Patients_of_Coronary_Artery_Disease">A Novel Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme to Decrease Cardiovascular Risks in Elderly Patients of Coronary Artery Disease</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Objective : To test efficacy of a hospital based cardiac rehabilitation exercise programme among ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Objective : To test efficacy of a hospital based cardiac rehabilitation exercise programme among patients with stable coronary artery disease. Material and Methods : This cardiac rehabilitation programme involved advice regarding smoking cessation, diet and exercise that was performed using step ladder exercise and aerobics involving body stretching and bending. Successive elderly patients (Age&gt;60yrs., n=1137) visiting the cardiology department were</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251162"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251162"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251162; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251162]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251162]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251162; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60251162']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251162]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251162,"title":"A Novel Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme to Decrease Cardiovascular Risks in Elderly Patients of Coronary Artery Disease","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251162/A_Novel_Cardiac_Rehabilitation_Programme_to_Decrease_Cardiovascular_Risks_in_Elderly_Patients_of_Coronary_Artery_Disease","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251161"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251161/Low_birth_weight_and_insulin_resistance_in_mid_and_late_childhood"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Low birth weight and insulin resistance in mid and late childhood" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779635/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251161/Low_birth_weight_and_insulin_resistance_in_mid_and_late_childhood">Low birth weight and insulin resistance in mid and late childhood</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Indian pediatrics</span><span>, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Low birth weight is associated with adult insulin resistance and diabetes. We conducted this stud...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Low birth weight is associated with adult insulin resistance and diabetes. We conducted this study to correlate low birth weight with insulin resistance in mid and late childhood. Children whose birth weight records were available were successively enrolled from middle and low socioeconomic status urban schools in western India. 600 children in age groups 5-16 years were screened for availability of recorded birth weight in six schools. Detailed birth records were available for 158 children born full term. Parents of 134 (84.8%) agreed to participate in the study after informed consent. These children were evaluated for various anthropometric indices and fasting blood was obtained for determination of glucose and insulin levels. Insulin resistance was determined using homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and HOMA-2 formula. Comparative, univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed. The mean age of the children was 10.0 +/- 2.4 years. Maternal diabetes was present i...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e0c82f877c43f4b2430edacb954f3d0d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73779635,"asset_id":60251161,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779635/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251161"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251161"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251161; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251161]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251161]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251161; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60251161']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251160"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251160/Global_regional_and_national_levels_and_causes_of_maternal_mortality_during_1990_2013_a_systematic_analysis_for_the_Global_Burden_of_Disease_Study_2013"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Global, regional, and national levels and causes of maternal mortality during 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251160/Global_regional_and_national_levels_and_causes_of_maternal_mortality_during_1990_2013_a_systematic_analysis_for_the_Global_Burden_of_Disease_Study_2013">Global, regional, and national levels and causes of maternal mortality during 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Lancet</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACT The fifth Millennium Development Goal (MDG 5) established the goal of a 75% reduction in...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ABSTRACT The fifth Millennium Development Goal (MDG 5) established the goal of a 75% reduction in the maternal mortality ratio (MMR; number of maternal deaths per 100 000 livebirths) between 1990 and 2015. We aimed to measure levels and track trends in maternal mortality, the key causes contributing to maternal death, and timing of maternal death with respect to delivery. We used robust statistical methods including the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) to analyse a database of data for 7065 site-years and estimate the number of maternal deaths from all causes in 188 countries between 1990 and 2013. We estimated the number of pregnancy-related deaths caused by HIV on the basis of a systematic review of the relative risk of dying during pregnancy for HIV-positive women compared with HIV-negative women. We also estimated the fraction of these deaths aggravated by pregnancy on the basis of a systematic review. To estimate the numbers of maternal deaths due to nine different causes, we identified 61 sources from a systematic review and 943 site-years of vital registration data. We also did a systematic review of reports about the timing of maternal death, identifying 142 sources to use in our analysis. We developed estimates for each country for 1990-2013 using Bayesian meta-regression. We estimated 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) for all values. 292 982 (95% UI 261 017-327 792) maternal deaths occurred in 2013, compared with 376 034 (343 483-407 574) in 1990. The global annual rate of change in the MMR was -0·3% (-1·1 to 0·6) from 1990 to 2003, and -2·7% (-3·9 to -1·5) from 2003 to 2013, with evidence of continued acceleration. MMRs reduced consistently in south, east, and southeast Asia between 1990 and 2013, but maternal deaths increased in much of sub-Saharan Africa during the 1990s. 2070 (1290-2866) maternal deaths were related to HIV in 2013, 0·4% (0·2-0·6) of the global total. MMR was highest in the oldest age groups in both 1990 and 2013. In 2013, most deaths occurred intrapartum or postpartum. Causes varied by region and between 1990 and 2013. We recorded substantial variation in the MMR by country in 2013, from 956·8 (685·1-1262·8) in South Sudan to 2·4 (1·6-3·6) in Iceland. Global rates of change suggest that only 16 countries will achieve the MDG 5 target by 2015. Accelerated reductions since the Millennium Declaration in 2000 coincide with increased development assistance for maternal, newborn, and child health. Setting of targets and associated interventions for after 2015 will need careful consideration of regions that are making slow progress, such as west and central Africa. Bill &amp;amp;amp; Melinda Gates Foundation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251160"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251160"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251160; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251160]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251160]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); 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} }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251159"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251159/Improvement_in_nutrition_related_knowledge_and_behaviour_of_urban_Asian_Indian_school_children_findings_from_the_Medical_education_for_children_Adolescents_for_Realistic_prevention_of_obesity_and_diabetes_and_for_healthy_aGeing_MARG_intervention_study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Improvement in nutrition-related knowledge and behaviour of urban Asian Indian school children: findings from the ‘Medical education for children/Adolescents for Realistic prevention of obesity and diabetes and for healthy aGeing’ ( MARG) intervention study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779604/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251159/Improvement_in_nutrition_related_knowledge_and_behaviour_of_urban_Asian_Indian_school_children_findings_from_the_Medical_education_for_children_Adolescents_for_Realistic_prevention_of_obesity_and_diabetes_and_for_healthy_aGeing_MARG_intervention_study">Improvement in nutrition-related knowledge and behaviour of urban Asian Indian school children: findings from the ‘Medical education for children/Adolescents for Realistic prevention of obesity and diabetes and for healthy aGeing’ ( MARG) intervention study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>British Journal of Nutrition</span><span>, 2010</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Increasing prevalence of childhood obesity calls for comprehensive and cost-effective educative m...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Increasing prevalence of childhood obesity calls for comprehensive and cost-effective educative measures in developing countries such as India. School-based educative programmes greatly influence children&#39;s behaviour towards healthy living. We aimed to evaluate the impact of a school-based health and nutritional education programme on knowledge and behaviour of urban Asian Indian school children. Benchmark assessment of parents and teachers was also done. We educated 40 196 children (aged 8–18 years), 25 000 parents and 1500 teachers about health, nutrition, physical activity, non-communicable diseases and healthy cooking practices in three cities of North India. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to assess randomly selected 3128 children, 2241 parents and 841 teachers before intervention and 2329 children after intervention. Low baseline knowledge and behaviour scores were reported in 75–94 % government and 48–78 % private school children, across all age groups. A small propor...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1a335c525cd9562f38302c1ef671e010" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73779604,"asset_id":60251159,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779604/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251159"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251159"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251159; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251159]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251159]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251159; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60251159']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1a335c525cd9562f38302c1ef671e010" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251159]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251159,"title":"Improvement in nutrition-related knowledge and behaviour of urban Asian Indian school children: findings from the ‘Medical education for children/Adolescents for Realistic prevention of obesity and diabetes and for healthy aGeing’ ( MARG) intervention study","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251159/Improvement_in_nutrition_related_knowledge_and_behaviour_of_urban_Asian_Indian_school_children_findings_from_the_Medical_education_for_children_Adolescents_for_Realistic_prevention_of_obesity_and_diabetes_and_for_healthy_aGeing_MARG_intervention_study","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[{"id":73779604,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779604/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Improvement_in_nutrition-related_knowled20211028-17430-elnbey.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779604/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Improvement_in_nutrition_related_knowled.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/73779604/Improvement_in_nutrition-related_knowled20211028-17430-elnbey.pdf?1738444989=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DImprovement_in_nutrition_related_knowled.pdf\u0026Expires=1739922545\u0026Signature=Iz4VQ6baRKcRaiblFFsLOWsLTGcFLW-8pGy11yuR~1p5bzsyMYOa-LRTcG29wr91awnncaTAgGLY4VzH7cGfP3hnHwYfNWHMz7KPQ-w6rRHwFe4abTCo1wIY5WHamitYv1~TdfG6YNa5~YGCpmD58H0akNqDFyhH7AFmWeck6b3P3z3BGLnkbFosAOV-ycHDwHPR8hehc7KlsnkHf3hXtgqZsnTi7-~CZang5KGzPLqKzTAsPVGtFvvh4Lk37nl702uXON20CLko82yqm71q9RNTzQ8FVByZd5STlaxK6llQLWDDtynOtTGSb0oHcKXsIaLi0kSOuVCeXlhDmdOOtQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251158"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251158/Cardiac_Rehabilitation_in_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Cardiac Rehabilitation in India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251158/Cardiac_Rehabilitation_in_India">Cardiac Rehabilitation in India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death and disability in India. Moreover, ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death and disability in India. Moreover, mortality following an acute myocardial infarction is high, which may be due to gaps in secondary prevention in general and a lack of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) services in particular. This review discusses the availability of CR in India, its putative role in reducing adverse outcomes over the long-term and suggests a road map for future research to enhance CR in this country. Currently, there is limited evidence, conducted in India, demonstrating CR efficacy. Moreover, there is currently limited availability of outpatient CR programs in India. Even so, there is consensus that CR is effective and essential in the CVD population. Therefore, efforts are needed to continue CR research in India and facilitate clinical implementation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251158"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251158"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251158; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251158]").text(description); 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251158]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251158,"title":"Cardiac Rehabilitation in India","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251158/Cardiac_Rehabilitation_in_India","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251157"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251157/High_trans_fatty_acid_content_in_common_Indian_fast_foods"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of High trans fatty acid content in common Indian fast foods" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779612/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251157/High_trans_fatty_acid_content_in_common_Indian_fast_foods">High trans fatty acid content in common Indian fast foods</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Nutrition & Food Science</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="51f7f834c02a849a097f19a9226b184a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73779612,"asset_id":60251157,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779612/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251157"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251157"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251157; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251157]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251157]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251157; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60251157']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "51f7f834c02a849a097f19a9226b184a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251157]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251157,"title":"High trans fatty acid content in common Indian fast foods","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251157/High_trans_fatty_acid_content_in_common_Indian_fast_foods","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[{"id":73779612,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779612/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"High_trans_fatty_acid_content_in_common_20211028-10914-hz1mn0.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779612/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"High_trans_fatty_acid_content_in_common.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/73779612/High_trans_fatty_acid_content_in_common_20211028-10914-hz1mn0.pdf?1738444990=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHigh_trans_fatty_acid_content_in_common.pdf\u0026Expires=1739884179\u0026Signature=TePpks-fZXZkyjlq5COO5jSbnQAAS7ESFepDqg6xL5J8LFbjBd5OFHdbPxCaTOklrQBjybaSKhVp8Zb7KYPIJRn6TG~eyGIXQdziEVdDurGObvAJKq4WiCjzWSQ~a-NRz8kVcFx6yDN4umxCG80yQJOt5HjpcdySbnv8eZiMNGYtMQsXdRHbi9D4UD8tZhuJnZj~9XklnpzgFooOGK9WtXRx5Yx-F-riflVRWBUpfQpxKAxrqu9u-qiUlXgAn9nqitnzP4A35u6nLhQo12LihTggmTtWoE85BJilqY86zKTjZpolzW4104AwYh76ChnlWLC8UDdTXnYz97SbxDIbvw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251156"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251156/Secular_trends_in_cholesterol_lipoproteins_and_triglycerides_and_prevalence_of_dyslipidemias_in_an_urban_Indian_population"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Secular trends in cholesterol lipoproteins and triglycerides and prevalence of dyslipidemias in an urban Indian population" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779628/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251156/Secular_trends_in_cholesterol_lipoproteins_and_triglycerides_and_prevalence_of_dyslipidemias_in_an_urban_Indian_population">Secular trends in cholesterol lipoproteins and triglycerides and prevalence of dyslipidemias in an urban Indian population</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Lipids in Health and Disease</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Coronary heart disease is increasing in urban Indian subjects and lipid abnormalities...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Coronary heart disease is increasing in urban Indian subjects and lipid abnormalities are important risk factors. To determine secular trends in prevalence of various lipid abnormalities we performed studies in an urban Indian population. Methods: Successive epidemiological Jaipur Heart Watch (JHW) studies were performed in Western India in urban locations. The studies evaluated adults ≥ 20 years for multiple coronary risk factors using standardized methodology (JHW</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="243003b317f2c3a8a56e52ee4bbd8559" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73779628,"asset_id":60251156,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779628/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251156"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251156"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251156; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251156]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251156]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251156; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60251156']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "243003b317f2c3a8a56e52ee4bbd8559" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251156]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251156,"title":"Secular trends in cholesterol lipoproteins and triglycerides and prevalence of dyslipidemias in an urban Indian population","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251156/Secular_trends_in_cholesterol_lipoproteins_and_triglycerides_and_prevalence_of_dyslipidemias_in_an_urban_Indian_population","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[{"id":73779628,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779628/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Secular_trends_in_cholesterol_lipoprotei20211028-10917-1kjnjjh.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779628/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Secular_trends_in_cholesterol_lipoprotei.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/73779628/Secular_trends_in_cholesterol_lipoprotei20211028-10917-1kjnjjh.pdf?1738444989=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSecular_trends_in_cholesterol_lipoprotei.pdf\u0026Expires=1739922545\u0026Signature=SrZA-1w6cBknMjGbnzm6TWLupGMPmzh9MNq2mXFGLjLEpsm2jyMWNOStv0Hf~DFiGJ87I-Wj8fOKGAp2wQeOb9sJQQkDYYcbrpKDQ4c2XxuXGvVKT3ull3yTxAtPZBh7BOapzv5MB3ghxxOANA4yVhwmkDMtR20pLKLEdP5CQQbaB~DkevRyZ3xsMJEpAwAfgO~MHew2V54edOnxAl3w7E4-GzAii4ePdiHiTrGoIskYmfYyKxFCSQSVsgQG7YpCfDdcFgyvlMKpeZl3B4x7MqWmsslv8W2YNVQ4Ch8ci1IlM8qrQA3yFgeqop0yOU0LZxQhRC8vOxYyrhKhbDFpvw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251155"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251155/Global_diabetes_landscape_type_2_diabetes_mellitus_in_South_Asia_Epidemiology_risk_factors_and_control"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Global diabetes landscape—type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Asia: Epidemiology, risk factors, and control" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779633/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251155/Global_diabetes_landscape_type_2_diabetes_mellitus_in_South_Asia_Epidemiology_risk_factors_and_control">Global diabetes landscape—type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Asia: Epidemiology, risk factors, and control</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Insulin</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a new epidemic in South Asia and is the result of so...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a new epidemic in South Asia and is the result of societal influences and changing lifestyles. Epidemiologic studies suggest that the prevalence of DM has increased exponentially in urban and rural populations. Objective: This study was conducted to determine trends in the prevalence of DM in various countries in South Asia. Methods: We performed an extensive, systematic MEDLINE search for primary articles that reported on the epidemiology of DM in South Asia. Additional articles were obtained from personal collections and references cited in the primary articles. No formal meta-analysis was performed because of differing methodologies and diagnostic criteria. Results: Epidemiologic studies conducted in India during the 1960s and 1970s, using random and postload blood glucose estimations, reported DM in 1% to 4% of urban populations and 1% to 2% of rural populations. More standardized epidemiologic studies in adults since the late 1980s reported DM in 5% to 15% of urban populations, 4% to 6% of semiurban populations, and 2% to 5% of rural populations. A significantly increasing trend has been observed in urban populations (exponential trend R2= 0.74), whereas the increase is slower (R 2= 0.29) in rural populations. The diabetes scenario is similar in other South Asian countries. Current prevalence rates are 5% to 16% in urban areas and 2% to 8% in rural areas. Risk factors for DM in this region are increasing sedentariness, dietary excess, obesity (especially high waist-to-hip ratio), low birth weight, and genetic influences. Conclusions: DM is a major public health problem in South Asia. The prevalence is higher in urban areas than in rural areas and is increasing. Population-based measures to control the epidemic of DM include avoidance of adiposity through enhanced physical activity and regulated calorie intake. A comprehensive national chronic care program is needed.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c368f4bb236872be7cc006b988da9e71" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73779633,"asset_id":60251155,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779633/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251155"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251155"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251155; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251154"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251154/Zero_prevalence_of_diabetes_in_camel_milk_consuming_Raica_community_of_north_west_Rajasthan_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Zero prevalence of diabetes in camel milk consuming Raica community of north-west Rajasthan, India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779585/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251154/Zero_prevalence_of_diabetes_in_camel_milk_consuming_Raica_community_of_north_west_Rajasthan_India">Zero prevalence of diabetes in camel milk consuming Raica community of north-west Rajasthan, India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice</span><span>, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Objectives: Preliminary trials reflected the low prevalence of diabetes in Raica community consum...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Objectives: Preliminary trials reflected the low prevalence of diabetes in Raica community consuming camel milk habitually. Our objective was to describe the prevalence and clinical factors associated with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes (DM) among adults (!20 years) in large population group. Design: Population based, cross sectional study Methods: 2099 participants from different villages of northwest Rajasthan were selected using stratified sampling of a representative Raica and non-Raica Community, consuming or not consuming camel milk. Demographic, clinical, anthropometric parameters were obtained and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed in all individuals to diagnose IFG, IGT and DM. Associations were investigated using multivariate logistic regression using SPSS Version 10.0. Results: In the present study, the prevalence of diabetes in Raica community consuming camel milk (RCCM, n = 501) was 0%; Raica community not consuming camel milk (RCNCM, n = 554) was 0.7%; non-Raica community consuming milk (NRCCM, n = 515) was 0.4% and non-Raica community not consuming camel milk (NRCNCM, n = 529) was 5.5%. Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that consumption of camel milk was statistically highly significant as protective factor for diabetes. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that camel milk consumption and community factor were associated with decreased prevalence of diabetes. Conclusion: Camel milk consumption and lifestyle have definite influence on prevalence of diabetes. Hence, adopting such life pattern may play protective role in preventing diabetes to some extent.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9aa3cfedbea14e09518ac2b2e25e716e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73779585,"asset_id":60251154,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779585/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251154"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251154"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251154; 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window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251152]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251152]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251152; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60251152']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251152]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251152,"title":"P-324 Low Use of Secondary Prevention Therapies in India","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251152/P_324_Low_Use_of_Secondary_Prevention_Therapies_in_India","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251151"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251151/Association_of_TGF%CE%B21_TNF%CE%B1_CCR2_and_CCR5_gene_polymorphisms_in_type_2_diabetes_and_renal_insufficiency_among_Asian_Indians"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Association of TGFβ1, TNFα, CCR2 and CCR5 gene polymorphisms in type-2 diabetes and renal insufficiency among Asian Indians" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779610/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251151/Association_of_TGF%CE%B21_TNF%CE%B1_CCR2_and_CCR5_gene_polymorphisms_in_type_2_diabetes_and_renal_insufficiency_among_Asian_Indians">Association of TGFβ1, TNFα, CCR2 and CCR5 gene polymorphisms in type-2 diabetes and renal insufficiency among Asian Indians</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>BMC Medical Genetics</span><span>, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Cytokines play an important role in the development of diabetic chronic renal insuffi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Cytokines play an important role in the development of diabetic chronic renal insufficiency (CRI). Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF β1) induces renal hypertrophy and fibrosis, and cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and regulated upon activation and normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) mediate macrophage infiltration into kidney. Over expression of these chemokines leads to glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. The effect of MCP-1 and RANTES on kidney is conferred by their receptors i.e., chemokine receptor (CCR)-2 and CCR-5 respectively. We tested association of nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from TGFβ1, TNFα, CCR2 and CCR5 genes among individuals with type-2 diabetes with and without renal insufficiency. Methods: Type-2 diabetes subjects with chronic renal insufficiency (serum creatinine ≥ 3.0 mg/dl) constituted the cases, and matched individuals with diabetes of duration ≥ 10 years and normoalbuminuria were evaluated as controls from four centres in India. Allelic and genotypic contributions of nine SNPs from TGFβ1, TNFα, CCR2 and CCR5 genes to diabetic CRI were tested by computing odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Sub-analysis of CRI cases diabetic retinopathy status as dependent variable and SNP genotypes as independent variable in a univariate logistic regression was also performed. Results: SNPs Tyr81His and Thr263Ile in TGF β1 gene were monomorphic, and Arg25Pro in TGF β1 gene and Δ32 polymorphism in CCR5 gene were minor variants (minor allele frequency <0.05) and therefore were not considered for casecontrol analysis. A significant allelic association of 59029G>A SNP of CCR5 gene has been observed and the allele 59029A seems to confer predisposition to development of diabetic CRI (OR 1.39; CI 1.04-1.84). In CRI subjects a compound group of genotypes "GA and AA" of SNP G>A-800 was found to confer predisposition for proliferative retinopathy (OR 3.03; CI 1.08-8.50, p = 0.035). Conclusion: Of the various cytokine gene polymorphisms tested, allele 59029A of CCR5 gene is significantly associated with diabetic renal insufficiency among Asian Indians. Result obtained for 59029G>A SNP of CCR5 gene is in conformity with reports from a Japanese population but due to sub-optimal power of the sample, replication in larger sample set is warranted.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6f4db8a9691d431e8681b9d00558eca1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73779610,"asset_id":60251151,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779610/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251151"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251151"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251151; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251150"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251150/Lipoprotein_lipids_and_the_prevalence_of_hyperlipidaemia_among_Indian_males"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Lipoprotein lipids and the prevalence of hyperlipidaemia among Indian males" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251150/Lipoprotein_lipids_and_the_prevalence_of_hyperlipidaemia_among_Indian_males">Lipoprotein lipids and the prevalence of hyperlipidaemia among Indian males</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Atherosclerosis</span><span>, 1995</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251150"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251150"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251150; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251150]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251150,"title":"Lipoprotein lipids and the prevalence of hyperlipidaemia among Indian males","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251150/Lipoprotein_lipids_and_the_prevalence_of_hyperlipidaemia_among_Indian_males","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60250654"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/60250654/High_cardiovascular_risks_in_a_North_Indian_Agarwal_community_a_case_series"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of High cardiovascular risks in a North Indian Agarwal community: a case series" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779283/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/60250654/High_cardiovascular_risks_in_a_North_Indian_Agarwal_community_a_case_series">High cardiovascular risks in a North Indian Agarwal community: a case series</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cases Journal</span><span>, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Community specific cardiovascular disease risk factor studies may be useful to evaluate genetic v...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Community specific cardiovascular disease risk factor studies may be useful to evaluate genetic versus environmental causes. Agarwal is a high profile business community in India. A family based narrative from this community reveals a high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases-stroke and coronary heart disease. This is associated with high prevalence of multiple cardiovascular risk factors such as central obesity, hypertension, lipid abnormalities and diabetes. Another study in the same community in Jaipur reveals high prevalence of obesity associated with low physical activity and high dietary calorie and fat intake.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="aa63f2922d64cb2e37ef1353278cd8cc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73779283,"asset_id":60250654,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779283/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60250654"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60250654"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60250654; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60250654]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60250654]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60250654; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60250654']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "aa63f2922d64cb2e37ef1353278cd8cc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60250654]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60250654,"title":"High cardiovascular risks in a North Indian Agarwal community: a case series","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60250654/High_cardiovascular_risks_in_a_North_Indian_Agarwal_community_a_case_series","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[{"id":73779283,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779283/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1757-1626-0002-0000007870.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779283/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"High_cardiovascular_risks_in_a_North_Ind.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/73779283/1757-1626-0002-0000007870-libre.pdf?1635489681=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHigh_cardiovascular_risks_in_a_North_Ind.pdf\u0026Expires=1739922545\u0026Signature=Yj~18fHZr4oqib7cGgL0AmKmhOOz5UhLwYnpmDv64SUFWiW-RwSyP7wsjMX0B~It750UwMSw10zceIrzhn3J5YdHvbnvmnXyLu~FwDiZQvK5tvCMhnP~jQx9D5AcBvptLyP1X8B~JpJlYiBYZice-dRwiBrKzeyHhJLsMUdP9pVtu~PC7B5TOdl1~0Ktx9vfKGOdaByIkNPMMHEDz6lCpSYJ0ydMFJ78v5ouMo7V4HPPV7c1~5HzFPPRkTegk4K7t9dQsx0if4gsvqX~HLfhT1l-NWFS-2RnKlKG-AjK74P3XYwIHeWwm2L62eNq6MyWAQY2trxnD~47Zt8bWkNMjg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="8222105"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/8222105/Treatment_and_outcomes_of_acute_coronary_syndromes_in_India_CREATE_a_prospective_analysis_of_registry_data"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Treatment and outcomes of acute coronary syndromes in India (CREATE): a prospective analysis of registry data" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/48178512/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/8222105/Treatment_and_outcomes_of_acute_coronary_syndromes_in_India_CREATE_a_prospective_analysis_of_registry_data">Treatment and outcomes of acute coronary syndromes in India (CREATE): a prospective analysis of registry data</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Lancet</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Randomized trials have established the benefit of medical therapy and revascularizati...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Randomized trials have established the benefit of medical therapy and revascularization in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (MI). Cancer and cardiovascular disease are the 2 most common diseases worldwide. In clinical practice, cancer patients are frequently afflicted with MI. The benefit of medical and/or revascularization therapy in the cancer population with MI is less well known. Hypothesis: Medical and revascularization therapy reduces mortality in cancer patients with MI. Methods: After approval by the institutional review board, we retrospectively reviewed all patients with a discharge diagnosis of acute MI who were admitted to the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center between December 2000 and October 2006 and evaluated the association between cardiac treatments with survival outcomes. Results: A total of 456 patients with a discharge diagnosis of acute MI were identified and included in the study, of which 386 had non-ST-segment elevation MI (NSTEMI) and 70 had ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI). Compared with patients with NSTEMI, patients who had STEMI were more often prescribed aspirin (66% vs 43%; P = 0.004), β-blockers (61% vs 46%; P = 0.018), and thrombolytic therapy (9% vs 0.3%; P = 0.0001). In the multivariable analysis, aspirin use was associated with a 23% decreased risk of death (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.60-0.98, P = 0.033) and β-blocker use was associated with a 36% decreased risk of death (HR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.51-0.81, P = 0.0002). Statins (HR: 0.82, P = 0.18) and catheterbased revascularization (HR: 0.57, P = 0.09) did not have an impact on the risk of death. Compared with patients with limited cancer, advanced cancer patients were twice as likely to die (HR: 2.12, 95 CI: 1.47-3.04, P < 0.0001). Previous chemotherapy (P = 0.005) and chest radiotherapy (P = 0.017) were associated with increased 1-year mortality, whereas hyperlipidemia (P = 0.018) was protective. Conclusions: In this study of cancer patients with MI, medical therapy with aspirin and β-blockers was associated with improved survival.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d79d71982f3f1cdc901528631c9d6f3d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":48178512,"asset_id":8222105,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48178512/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="8222105"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="8222105"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8222105; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="8222104"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/8222104/Prevalence_and_determinants_of_hypertension_in_the_urban_population_of_Jaipur_in_western_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and determinants of hypertension in the urban population of Jaipur in western India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/48178524/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/8222104/Prevalence_and_determinants_of_hypertension_in_the_urban_population_of_Jaipur_in_western_India">Prevalence and determinants of hypertension in the urban population of Jaipur in western India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Hypertension</span><span>, 1995</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Hypertension is a cardiovascular disease of increasing global burden with prevalence ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Hypertension is a cardiovascular disease of increasing global burden with prevalence in Nigeria ranging from 8% to 46.4%. Aim: To determine the prevalence and determinants of hypertension in Igbeagu, a rural community in South-Eastern Nigeria. Subjects and Methods: Consenting residents aged 18 years and above participated in this survey. A structured questionnaire was administered on the participants in their native dialect. Blood pressure (BP) and anthropometric parameters of the participants were measured using standard techniques. Hypertension was defined as systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg and diastolic BP of ≥ 90 mmHg. Results: Two hundred and sixty-seven participants had their BP and data completed satisfactorily. Sixty-two persons were hypertensive, giving a prevalence rate of 23.2% (62/267). Age, consumption of red meat, body mass index (BMI), and the number of children in the family were associated with hypertension. Regression analysis showed that only BMI and age were independent risk factors for hypertension. Conclusion: Although the prevalence of hypertension in this study and their associated risk factors were in agreement with studies done previously in Nigeria, the association between number of children in the family and hypertension is yet to be understood. Efforts are needed to curb the high prevalence of hypertension in this community.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c217b15300618773167d2cb20a1e2091" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":48178524,"asset_id":8222104,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48178524/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="8222104"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="8222104"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8222104; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="1788048" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="106665381"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/106665381/Evaluation_of_statin_prescriptions_in_type_2_diabetes_India_Heart_Watch_2"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of statin prescriptions in type 2 diabetes: India Heart Watch-2" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/105747259/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/106665381/Evaluation_of_statin_prescriptions_in_type_2_diabetes_India_Heart_Watch_2">Evaluation of statin prescriptions in type 2 diabetes: India Heart Watch-2</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>BMJ Open Diabetes Research &amp; Care</span><span>, 2016</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Contemporary treatment guidelines advise statin use in all patients with diabetes for...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Contemporary treatment guidelines advise statin use in all patients with diabetes for reducing coronary risk. Use of statins in patients with type 2 diabetes has not been reported from India. Methods: We performed a multisite (n=9) registrybased study among internists (n=3), diabetologists (n=3), and endocrinologists (n=3) across India to determine prescriptions of statins in patients with type 2 diabetes. Demographic and clinical details were obtained and prescriptions were audited for various medications with a focus on statins. Details of type of statin and dosage form (low, moderate, and high) were obtained. Patients were divided into categories based on presence of cardiovascular risk into low (no risk factors, n=1506), medium (≥1 risk factor, n=5425), and high (with vascular disease, n=1769). Descriptive statistics are presented. Results: Prescription details were available in 8699 (men 5292, women 3407). Statins were prescribed in 55.2% and fibrates in 9.2%. Statin prescription was significantly greater among diabetologists (64.4%) compared with internists (n=53.3%) and endocrinologists (46.8%; p<0.001). Atorvastatin was prescribed in 74.1%, rosuvastatin in 29.2%, and others in 3.0%. Statin prescriptions were lower in women (52.1%) versus men (57.2%; p<0.001) and in patients aged <40 years (34.3%), versus those aged 40-49 (49.7%), 50-59 (60.1%), and ≥60 years (62.2%; p<0.001). Low-dose statins were prescribed in 1.9%, moderate dose in 85.4%, and high dose in 12.7%. Statin prescriptions were greater in the high-risk group (58.0%) compared with those in the medium-risk (53.8%) and low-risk (56.8%) groups (p <0.001). High-dose statin prescriptions were similar in the highrisk (14.5%), medium-risk (11.8%), and low-risk (13.5%) groups (p=0.31). Conclusions: Statins are prescribed in only half of the clinic-based patients in India with type 2 diabetes. Prescription of high-dose statins is very low.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3ba7f638308d92003b957b065633ca5c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":105747259,"asset_id":106665381,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/105747259/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="106665381"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="106665381"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 106665381; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3ba7f638308d92003b957b065633ca5c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=106665381]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":106665381,"title":"Evaluation of statin prescriptions in type 2 diabetes: India Heart Watch-2","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/106665381/Evaluation_of_statin_prescriptions_in_type_2_diabetes_India_Heart_Watch_2","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[{"id":105747259,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/105747259/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"pmc5013346.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/105747259/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Evaluation_of_statin_prescriptions_in_ty.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/105747259/pmc5013346-libre.pdf?1694800262=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DEvaluation_of_statin_prescriptions_in_ty.pdf\u0026Expires=1739666533\u0026Signature=IYL6TGS-WxGvkSQ6jbs~mTTCRJGrYzNgcmqfnbNFdR3dTWM1CYqlqcvcncjrU65qjZgM6Iq-PLSoQaZwbaDTacIBa6ghlvDJZDnEsVT3EHsBVROd3bUK3ncqBngjw58LXctz2MkSDKjGp0zmeepWUIT0vAAQHc0MESyvbdszXw9N6d3VmWhU9uIMsDRqdKKa~v8gGAfyePuIFimnzxNTSWLT~qiJpBOMccTMCRvMa-C637sk9cGyQ7bH~yCRZjaMfj7o1iCnxhgebjJguf5tMwQBo5~k0zMbejyJ-Pd24s0-Rm6gV284K5bNWyUTehWr1ZDMuamGR9-FVNqJDWnV6Q__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251165"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251165/CAPD_In_Rajasthan_Single_Centre_Experience"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of CAPD In Rajasthan-Single Centre Experience" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251165/CAPD_In_Rajasthan_Single_Centre_Experience">CAPD In Rajasthan-Single Centre Experience</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251165"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251165"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251165; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251165]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251165,"title":"CAPD In Rajasthan-Single Centre Experience","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251165/CAPD_In_Rajasthan_Single_Centre_Experience","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251164"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251164/O170_Educational_status_related_inequities_in_awareness_treatment_and_control_of_cardiovascular_risk_factors_in_India_Cross_sectional_study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of O170 Educational-status related inequities in awareness, treatment and control of cardiovascular risk factors in India: Cross-sectional study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251164/O170_Educational_status_related_inequities_in_awareness_treatment_and_control_of_cardiovascular_risk_factors_in_India_Cross_sectional_study">O170 Educational-status related inequities in awareness, treatment and control of cardiovascular risk factors in India: Cross-sectional study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Global Heart</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251164"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251164"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251164; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251164]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251164]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251164; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60251164']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251164]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251164,"title":"O170 Educational-status related inequities in awareness, treatment and control of cardiovascular risk factors in India: Cross-sectional study","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251164/O170_Educational_status_related_inequities_in_awareness_treatment_and_control_of_cardiovascular_risk_factors_in_India_Cross_sectional_study","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251163"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251163/Twenty_year_trends_in_cardiovascular_risk_factors_in_India_and_influence_of_educational_status"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Twenty-year trends in cardiovascular risk factors in India and influence of educational status" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251163/Twenty_year_trends_in_cardiovascular_risk_factors_in_India_and_influence_of_educational_status">Twenty-year trends in cardiovascular risk factors in India and influence of educational status</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>European Journal of Preventive Cardiology</span><span>, 2012</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Urban middle-socioeconomic status (SES) subjects have high burden of cardiovascular risk factors ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Urban middle-socioeconomic status (SES) subjects have high burden of cardiovascular risk factors in low-income countries. To determine secular trends in risk factors among this population and to correlate risks with educational status we performed epidemiological studies in India. Five cross-sectional studies were performed in middle-SES urban locations in Jaipur, India from years 1992 to 2010. Cluster sampling was performed. Subjects (men, women) aged 20-59 years evaluated were 712 (459, 253) in 1992-94, 558 (286, 272) in 1999-2001, 374 (179, 195) in 2002-03, 887 (414, 473) in 2004-05, and 530 (324, 206) in 2009-10. Data were obtained by history, anthropometry, and fasting blood glucose and lipids estimation. Response rates varied from 55 to 75%. Mean values and risk factor prevalence were determined. Secular trends were identified using quadratic and log-linear regression and chi-squared for trend. Across the studies, there was high prevalence of overweight, hypertension, and lipid abnormalities. Age- and sex-adjusted trends showed significant increases in mean body mass index (BMI), fasting glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides (quadratic and log-linear regression, p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). Systolic blood pressure (BP) decreased while insignificant changes were observed for waist-hip ratio and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Categorical trends showed increase in overweight and decrease in smoking (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05); insignificant changes were observed in truncal obesity, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, and diabetes. Adjustment for educational status attenuated linear trends in BMI and total and LDL cholesterol and accentuated trends in systolic BP, glucose, and HDL cholesterol. There was significant association of an increase in education with decline in smoking and an increase in overweight (two-line regression p &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05). In Indian urban middle-SES subjects there is high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. Over a 20-year period BMI and overweight increased, smoking and systolic BP decreased, and truncal obesity, hypercholesterolaemia, and diabetes remained stable. Increasing educational status attenuated trends for systolic BP, glucose and HDL cholesterol, and BMI.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251163"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251163"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251163; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251163]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251163]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251163; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60251163']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251163]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251163,"title":"Twenty-year trends in cardiovascular risk factors in India and influence of educational status","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251163/Twenty_year_trends_in_cardiovascular_risk_factors_in_India_and_influence_of_educational_status","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251162"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251162/A_Novel_Cardiac_Rehabilitation_Programme_to_Decrease_Cardiovascular_Risks_in_Elderly_Patients_of_Coronary_Artery_Disease"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of A Novel Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme to Decrease Cardiovascular Risks in Elderly Patients of Coronary Artery Disease" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251162/A_Novel_Cardiac_Rehabilitation_Programme_to_Decrease_Cardiovascular_Risks_in_Elderly_Patients_of_Coronary_Artery_Disease">A Novel Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme to Decrease Cardiovascular Risks in Elderly Patients of Coronary Artery Disease</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Objective : To test efficacy of a hospital based cardiac rehabilitation exercise programme among ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Objective : To test efficacy of a hospital based cardiac rehabilitation exercise programme among patients with stable coronary artery disease. Material and Methods : This cardiac rehabilitation programme involved advice regarding smoking cessation, diet and exercise that was performed using step ladder exercise and aerobics involving body stretching and bending. Successive elderly patients (Age&gt;60yrs., n=1137) visiting the cardiology department were</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251162"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251162"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251162; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251162]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251162]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251162; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60251162']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251162]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251162,"title":"A Novel Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme to Decrease Cardiovascular Risks in Elderly Patients of Coronary Artery Disease","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251162/A_Novel_Cardiac_Rehabilitation_Programme_to_Decrease_Cardiovascular_Risks_in_Elderly_Patients_of_Coronary_Artery_Disease","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251161"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251161/Low_birth_weight_and_insulin_resistance_in_mid_and_late_childhood"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Low birth weight and insulin resistance in mid and late childhood" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779635/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251161/Low_birth_weight_and_insulin_resistance_in_mid_and_late_childhood">Low birth weight and insulin resistance in mid and late childhood</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Indian pediatrics</span><span>, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Low birth weight is associated with adult insulin resistance and diabetes. We conducted this stud...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Low birth weight is associated with adult insulin resistance and diabetes. We conducted this study to correlate low birth weight with insulin resistance in mid and late childhood. Children whose birth weight records were available were successively enrolled from middle and low socioeconomic status urban schools in western India. 600 children in age groups 5-16 years were screened for availability of recorded birth weight in six schools. Detailed birth records were available for 158 children born full term. Parents of 134 (84.8%) agreed to participate in the study after informed consent. These children were evaluated for various anthropometric indices and fasting blood was obtained for determination of glucose and insulin levels. Insulin resistance was determined using homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and HOMA-2 formula. Comparative, univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed. The mean age of the children was 10.0 +/- 2.4 years. Maternal diabetes was present i...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e0c82f877c43f4b2430edacb954f3d0d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73779635,"asset_id":60251161,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779635/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251161"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251161"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251161; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251161]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251161]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251161; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60251161']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251160"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251160/Global_regional_and_national_levels_and_causes_of_maternal_mortality_during_1990_2013_a_systematic_analysis_for_the_Global_Burden_of_Disease_Study_2013"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Global, regional, and national levels and causes of maternal mortality during 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251160/Global_regional_and_national_levels_and_causes_of_maternal_mortality_during_1990_2013_a_systematic_analysis_for_the_Global_Burden_of_Disease_Study_2013">Global, regional, and national levels and causes of maternal mortality during 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>The Lancet</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACT The fifth Millennium Development Goal (MDG 5) established the goal of a 75% reduction in...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ABSTRACT The fifth Millennium Development Goal (MDG 5) established the goal of a 75% reduction in the maternal mortality ratio (MMR; number of maternal deaths per 100 000 livebirths) between 1990 and 2015. We aimed to measure levels and track trends in maternal mortality, the key causes contributing to maternal death, and timing of maternal death with respect to delivery. We used robust statistical methods including the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) to analyse a database of data for 7065 site-years and estimate the number of maternal deaths from all causes in 188 countries between 1990 and 2013. We estimated the number of pregnancy-related deaths caused by HIV on the basis of a systematic review of the relative risk of dying during pregnancy for HIV-positive women compared with HIV-negative women. We also estimated the fraction of these deaths aggravated by pregnancy on the basis of a systematic review. To estimate the numbers of maternal deaths due to nine different causes, we identified 61 sources from a systematic review and 943 site-years of vital registration data. We also did a systematic review of reports about the timing of maternal death, identifying 142 sources to use in our analysis. We developed estimates for each country for 1990-2013 using Bayesian meta-regression. We estimated 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) for all values. 292 982 (95% UI 261 017-327 792) maternal deaths occurred in 2013, compared with 376 034 (343 483-407 574) in 1990. The global annual rate of change in the MMR was -0·3% (-1·1 to 0·6) from 1990 to 2003, and -2·7% (-3·9 to -1·5) from 2003 to 2013, with evidence of continued acceleration. MMRs reduced consistently in south, east, and southeast Asia between 1990 and 2013, but maternal deaths increased in much of sub-Saharan Africa during the 1990s. 2070 (1290-2866) maternal deaths were related to HIV in 2013, 0·4% (0·2-0·6) of the global total. MMR was highest in the oldest age groups in both 1990 and 2013. In 2013, most deaths occurred intrapartum or postpartum. Causes varied by region and between 1990 and 2013. We recorded substantial variation in the MMR by country in 2013, from 956·8 (685·1-1262·8) in South Sudan to 2·4 (1·6-3·6) in Iceland. Global rates of change suggest that only 16 countries will achieve the MDG 5 target by 2015. Accelerated reductions since the Millennium Declaration in 2000 coincide with increased development assistance for maternal, newborn, and child health. Setting of targets and associated interventions for after 2015 will need careful consideration of regions that are making slow progress, such as west and central Africa. Bill &amp;amp;amp; Melinda Gates Foundation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251160"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251160"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251160; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251160]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251160]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); 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} }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251159"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251159/Improvement_in_nutrition_related_knowledge_and_behaviour_of_urban_Asian_Indian_school_children_findings_from_the_Medical_education_for_children_Adolescents_for_Realistic_prevention_of_obesity_and_diabetes_and_for_healthy_aGeing_MARG_intervention_study"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Improvement in nutrition-related knowledge and behaviour of urban Asian Indian school children: findings from the ‘Medical education for children/Adolescents for Realistic prevention of obesity and diabetes and for healthy aGeing’ ( MARG) intervention study" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779604/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251159/Improvement_in_nutrition_related_knowledge_and_behaviour_of_urban_Asian_Indian_school_children_findings_from_the_Medical_education_for_children_Adolescents_for_Realistic_prevention_of_obesity_and_diabetes_and_for_healthy_aGeing_MARG_intervention_study">Improvement in nutrition-related knowledge and behaviour of urban Asian Indian school children: findings from the ‘Medical education for children/Adolescents for Realistic prevention of obesity and diabetes and for healthy aGeing’ ( MARG) intervention study</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>British Journal of Nutrition</span><span>, 2010</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Increasing prevalence of childhood obesity calls for comprehensive and cost-effective educative m...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Increasing prevalence of childhood obesity calls for comprehensive and cost-effective educative measures in developing countries such as India. School-based educative programmes greatly influence children&#39;s behaviour towards healthy living. We aimed to evaluate the impact of a school-based health and nutritional education programme on knowledge and behaviour of urban Asian Indian school children. Benchmark assessment of parents and teachers was also done. We educated 40 196 children (aged 8–18 years), 25 000 parents and 1500 teachers about health, nutrition, physical activity, non-communicable diseases and healthy cooking practices in three cities of North India. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to assess randomly selected 3128 children, 2241 parents and 841 teachers before intervention and 2329 children after intervention. Low baseline knowledge and behaviour scores were reported in 75–94 % government and 48–78 % private school children, across all age groups. A small propor...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="1a335c525cd9562f38302c1ef671e010" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73779604,"asset_id":60251159,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779604/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251159"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251159"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251159; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251159]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251159]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251159; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60251159']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "1a335c525cd9562f38302c1ef671e010" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251159]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251159,"title":"Improvement in nutrition-related knowledge and behaviour of urban Asian Indian school children: findings from the ‘Medical education for children/Adolescents for Realistic prevention of obesity and diabetes and for healthy aGeing’ ( MARG) intervention study","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251159/Improvement_in_nutrition_related_knowledge_and_behaviour_of_urban_Asian_Indian_school_children_findings_from_the_Medical_education_for_children_Adolescents_for_Realistic_prevention_of_obesity_and_diabetes_and_for_healthy_aGeing_MARG_intervention_study","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[{"id":73779604,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779604/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Improvement_in_nutrition-related_knowled20211028-17430-elnbey.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779604/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Improvement_in_nutrition_related_knowled.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/73779604/Improvement_in_nutrition-related_knowled20211028-17430-elnbey.pdf?1738444989=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DImprovement_in_nutrition_related_knowled.pdf\u0026Expires=1739922545\u0026Signature=Iz4VQ6baRKcRaiblFFsLOWsLTGcFLW-8pGy11yuR~1p5bzsyMYOa-LRTcG29wr91awnncaTAgGLY4VzH7cGfP3hnHwYfNWHMz7KPQ-w6rRHwFe4abTCo1wIY5WHamitYv1~TdfG6YNa5~YGCpmD58H0akNqDFyhH7AFmWeck6b3P3z3BGLnkbFosAOV-ycHDwHPR8hehc7KlsnkHf3hXtgqZsnTi7-~CZang5KGzPLqKzTAsPVGtFvvh4Lk37nl702uXON20CLko82yqm71q9RNTzQ8FVByZd5STlaxK6llQLWDDtynOtTGSb0oHcKXsIaLi0kSOuVCeXlhDmdOOtQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251158"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251158/Cardiac_Rehabilitation_in_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Cardiac Rehabilitation in India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251158/Cardiac_Rehabilitation_in_India">Cardiac Rehabilitation in India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases</span><span>, 2014</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death and disability in India. Moreover, ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death and disability in India. Moreover, mortality following an acute myocardial infarction is high, which may be due to gaps in secondary prevention in general and a lack of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) services in particular. This review discusses the availability of CR in India, its putative role in reducing adverse outcomes over the long-term and suggests a road map for future research to enhance CR in this country. Currently, there is limited evidence, conducted in India, demonstrating CR efficacy. Moreover, there is currently limited availability of outpatient CR programs in India. Even so, there is consensus that CR is effective and essential in the CVD population. Therefore, efforts are needed to continue CR research in India and facilitate clinical implementation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251158"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251158"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251158; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251158]").text(description); 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251158]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251158,"title":"Cardiac Rehabilitation in India","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251158/Cardiac_Rehabilitation_in_India","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251157"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251157/High_trans_fatty_acid_content_in_common_Indian_fast_foods"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of High trans fatty acid content in common Indian fast foods" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779612/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251157/High_trans_fatty_acid_content_in_common_Indian_fast_foods">High trans fatty acid content in common Indian fast foods</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Nutrition & Food Science</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="51f7f834c02a849a097f19a9226b184a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73779612,"asset_id":60251157,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779612/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251157"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251157"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251157; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251157]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251157]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251157; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60251157']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "51f7f834c02a849a097f19a9226b184a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251157]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251157,"title":"High trans fatty acid content in common Indian fast foods","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251157/High_trans_fatty_acid_content_in_common_Indian_fast_foods","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[{"id":73779612,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779612/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"High_trans_fatty_acid_content_in_common_20211028-10914-hz1mn0.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779612/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"High_trans_fatty_acid_content_in_common.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/73779612/High_trans_fatty_acid_content_in_common_20211028-10914-hz1mn0.pdf?1738444990=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHigh_trans_fatty_acid_content_in_common.pdf\u0026Expires=1739884179\u0026Signature=TePpks-fZXZkyjlq5COO5jSbnQAAS7ESFepDqg6xL5J8LFbjBd5OFHdbPxCaTOklrQBjybaSKhVp8Zb7KYPIJRn6TG~eyGIXQdziEVdDurGObvAJKq4WiCjzWSQ~a-NRz8kVcFx6yDN4umxCG80yQJOt5HjpcdySbnv8eZiMNGYtMQsXdRHbi9D4UD8tZhuJnZj~9XklnpzgFooOGK9WtXRx5Yx-F-riflVRWBUpfQpxKAxrqu9u-qiUlXgAn9nqitnzP4A35u6nLhQo12LihTggmTtWoE85BJilqY86zKTjZpolzW4104AwYh76ChnlWLC8UDdTXnYz97SbxDIbvw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251156"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251156/Secular_trends_in_cholesterol_lipoproteins_and_triglycerides_and_prevalence_of_dyslipidemias_in_an_urban_Indian_population"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Secular trends in cholesterol lipoproteins and triglycerides and prevalence of dyslipidemias in an urban Indian population" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779628/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251156/Secular_trends_in_cholesterol_lipoproteins_and_triglycerides_and_prevalence_of_dyslipidemias_in_an_urban_Indian_population">Secular trends in cholesterol lipoproteins and triglycerides and prevalence of dyslipidemias in an urban Indian population</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Lipids in Health and Disease</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Coronary heart disease is increasing in urban Indian subjects and lipid abnormalities...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Coronary heart disease is increasing in urban Indian subjects and lipid abnormalities are important risk factors. To determine secular trends in prevalence of various lipid abnormalities we performed studies in an urban Indian population. Methods: Successive epidemiological Jaipur Heart Watch (JHW) studies were performed in Western India in urban locations. The studies evaluated adults ≥ 20 years for multiple coronary risk factors using standardized methodology (JHW</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="243003b317f2c3a8a56e52ee4bbd8559" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73779628,"asset_id":60251156,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779628/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251156"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251156"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251156; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251156]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251156]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251156; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60251156']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "243003b317f2c3a8a56e52ee4bbd8559" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251156]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251156,"title":"Secular trends in cholesterol lipoproteins and triglycerides and prevalence of dyslipidemias in an urban Indian population","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251156/Secular_trends_in_cholesterol_lipoproteins_and_triglycerides_and_prevalence_of_dyslipidemias_in_an_urban_Indian_population","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[{"id":73779628,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779628/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Secular_trends_in_cholesterol_lipoprotei20211028-10917-1kjnjjh.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779628/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"Secular_trends_in_cholesterol_lipoprotei.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/73779628/Secular_trends_in_cholesterol_lipoprotei20211028-10917-1kjnjjh.pdf?1738444989=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DSecular_trends_in_cholesterol_lipoprotei.pdf\u0026Expires=1739922545\u0026Signature=SrZA-1w6cBknMjGbnzm6TWLupGMPmzh9MNq2mXFGLjLEpsm2jyMWNOStv0Hf~DFiGJ87I-Wj8fOKGAp2wQeOb9sJQQkDYYcbrpKDQ4c2XxuXGvVKT3ull3yTxAtPZBh7BOapzv5MB3ghxxOANA4yVhwmkDMtR20pLKLEdP5CQQbaB~DkevRyZ3xsMJEpAwAfgO~MHew2V54edOnxAl3w7E4-GzAii4ePdiHiTrGoIskYmfYyKxFCSQSVsgQG7YpCfDdcFgyvlMKpeZl3B4x7MqWmsslv8W2YNVQ4Ch8ci1IlM8qrQA3yFgeqop0yOU0LZxQhRC8vOxYyrhKhbDFpvw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251155"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251155/Global_diabetes_landscape_type_2_diabetes_mellitus_in_South_Asia_Epidemiology_risk_factors_and_control"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Global diabetes landscape—type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Asia: Epidemiology, risk factors, and control" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779633/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251155/Global_diabetes_landscape_type_2_diabetes_mellitus_in_South_Asia_Epidemiology_risk_factors_and_control">Global diabetes landscape—type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Asia: Epidemiology, risk factors, and control</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Insulin</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a new epidemic in South Asia and is the result of so...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a new epidemic in South Asia and is the result of societal influences and changing lifestyles. Epidemiologic studies suggest that the prevalence of DM has increased exponentially in urban and rural populations. Objective: This study was conducted to determine trends in the prevalence of DM in various countries in South Asia. Methods: We performed an extensive, systematic MEDLINE search for primary articles that reported on the epidemiology of DM in South Asia. Additional articles were obtained from personal collections and references cited in the primary articles. No formal meta-analysis was performed because of differing methodologies and diagnostic criteria. Results: Epidemiologic studies conducted in India during the 1960s and 1970s, using random and postload blood glucose estimations, reported DM in 1% to 4% of urban populations and 1% to 2% of rural populations. More standardized epidemiologic studies in adults since the late 1980s reported DM in 5% to 15% of urban populations, 4% to 6% of semiurban populations, and 2% to 5% of rural populations. A significantly increasing trend has been observed in urban populations (exponential trend R2= 0.74), whereas the increase is slower (R 2= 0.29) in rural populations. The diabetes scenario is similar in other South Asian countries. Current prevalence rates are 5% to 16% in urban areas and 2% to 8% in rural areas. Risk factors for DM in this region are increasing sedentariness, dietary excess, obesity (especially high waist-to-hip ratio), low birth weight, and genetic influences. Conclusions: DM is a major public health problem in South Asia. The prevalence is higher in urban areas than in rural areas and is increasing. Population-based measures to control the epidemic of DM include avoidance of adiposity through enhanced physical activity and regulated calorie intake. A comprehensive national chronic care program is needed.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c368f4bb236872be7cc006b988da9e71" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73779633,"asset_id":60251155,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779633/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251155"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251155"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251155; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251154"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251154/Zero_prevalence_of_diabetes_in_camel_milk_consuming_Raica_community_of_north_west_Rajasthan_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Zero prevalence of diabetes in camel milk consuming Raica community of north-west Rajasthan, India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779585/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251154/Zero_prevalence_of_diabetes_in_camel_milk_consuming_Raica_community_of_north_west_Rajasthan_India">Zero prevalence of diabetes in camel milk consuming Raica community of north-west Rajasthan, India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice</span><span>, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Objectives: Preliminary trials reflected the low prevalence of diabetes in Raica community consum...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Objectives: Preliminary trials reflected the low prevalence of diabetes in Raica community consuming camel milk habitually. Our objective was to describe the prevalence and clinical factors associated with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes (DM) among adults (!20 years) in large population group. Design: Population based, cross sectional study Methods: 2099 participants from different villages of northwest Rajasthan were selected using stratified sampling of a representative Raica and non-Raica Community, consuming or not consuming camel milk. Demographic, clinical, anthropometric parameters were obtained and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed in all individuals to diagnose IFG, IGT and DM. Associations were investigated using multivariate logistic regression using SPSS Version 10.0. Results: In the present study, the prevalence of diabetes in Raica community consuming camel milk (RCCM, n = 501) was 0%; Raica community not consuming camel milk (RCNCM, n = 554) was 0.7%; non-Raica community consuming milk (NRCCM, n = 515) was 0.4% and non-Raica community not consuming camel milk (NRCNCM, n = 529) was 5.5%. Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that consumption of camel milk was statistically highly significant as protective factor for diabetes. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that camel milk consumption and community factor were associated with decreased prevalence of diabetes. Conclusion: Camel milk consumption and lifestyle have definite influence on prevalence of diabetes. Hence, adopting such life pattern may play protective role in preventing diabetes to some extent.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9aa3cfedbea14e09518ac2b2e25e716e" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73779585,"asset_id":60251154,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779585/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251154"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251154"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251154; 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window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251152]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60251152]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251152; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60251152']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251152]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251152,"title":"P-324 Low Use of Secondary Prevention Therapies in India","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251152/P_324_Low_Use_of_Secondary_Prevention_Therapies_in_India","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251151"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251151/Association_of_TGF%CE%B21_TNF%CE%B1_CCR2_and_CCR5_gene_polymorphisms_in_type_2_diabetes_and_renal_insufficiency_among_Asian_Indians"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Association of TGFβ1, TNFα, CCR2 and CCR5 gene polymorphisms in type-2 diabetes and renal insufficiency among Asian Indians" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779610/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251151/Association_of_TGF%CE%B21_TNF%CE%B1_CCR2_and_CCR5_gene_polymorphisms_in_type_2_diabetes_and_renal_insufficiency_among_Asian_Indians">Association of TGFβ1, TNFα, CCR2 and CCR5 gene polymorphisms in type-2 diabetes and renal insufficiency among Asian Indians</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>BMC Medical Genetics</span><span>, 2007</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Cytokines play an important role in the development of diabetic chronic renal insuffi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Cytokines play an important role in the development of diabetic chronic renal insufficiency (CRI). Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF β1) induces renal hypertrophy and fibrosis, and cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and regulated upon activation and normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) mediate macrophage infiltration into kidney. Over expression of these chemokines leads to glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. The effect of MCP-1 and RANTES on kidney is conferred by their receptors i.e., chemokine receptor (CCR)-2 and CCR-5 respectively. We tested association of nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from TGFβ1, TNFα, CCR2 and CCR5 genes among individuals with type-2 diabetes with and without renal insufficiency. Methods: Type-2 diabetes subjects with chronic renal insufficiency (serum creatinine ≥ 3.0 mg/dl) constituted the cases, and matched individuals with diabetes of duration ≥ 10 years and normoalbuminuria were evaluated as controls from four centres in India. Allelic and genotypic contributions of nine SNPs from TGFβ1, TNFα, CCR2 and CCR5 genes to diabetic CRI were tested by computing odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Sub-analysis of CRI cases diabetic retinopathy status as dependent variable and SNP genotypes as independent variable in a univariate logistic regression was also performed. Results: SNPs Tyr81His and Thr263Ile in TGF β1 gene were monomorphic, and Arg25Pro in TGF β1 gene and Δ32 polymorphism in CCR5 gene were minor variants (minor allele frequency <0.05) and therefore were not considered for casecontrol analysis. A significant allelic association of 59029G>A SNP of CCR5 gene has been observed and the allele 59029A seems to confer predisposition to development of diabetic CRI (OR 1.39; CI 1.04-1.84). In CRI subjects a compound group of genotypes "GA and AA" of SNP G>A-800 was found to confer predisposition for proliferative retinopathy (OR 3.03; CI 1.08-8.50, p = 0.035). Conclusion: Of the various cytokine gene polymorphisms tested, allele 59029A of CCR5 gene is significantly associated with diabetic renal insufficiency among Asian Indians. Result obtained for 59029G>A SNP of CCR5 gene is in conformity with reports from a Japanese population but due to sub-optimal power of the sample, replication in larger sample set is warranted.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6f4db8a9691d431e8681b9d00558eca1" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73779610,"asset_id":60251151,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779610/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251151"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251151"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251151; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60251150"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251150/Lipoprotein_lipids_and_the_prevalence_of_hyperlipidaemia_among_Indian_males"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Lipoprotein lipids and the prevalence of hyperlipidaemia among Indian males" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60251150/Lipoprotein_lipids_and_the_prevalence_of_hyperlipidaemia_among_Indian_males">Lipoprotein lipids and the prevalence of hyperlipidaemia among Indian males</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Atherosclerosis</span><span>, 1995</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60251150"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60251150"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60251150; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60251150]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60251150,"title":"Lipoprotein lipids and the prevalence of hyperlipidaemia among Indian males","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60251150/Lipoprotein_lipids_and_the_prevalence_of_hyperlipidaemia_among_Indian_males","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="60250654"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/60250654/High_cardiovascular_risks_in_a_North_Indian_Agarwal_community_a_case_series"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of High cardiovascular risks in a North Indian Agarwal community: a case series" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779283/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/60250654/High_cardiovascular_risks_in_a_North_Indian_Agarwal_community_a_case_series">High cardiovascular risks in a North Indian Agarwal community: a case series</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cases Journal</span><span>, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Community specific cardiovascular disease risk factor studies may be useful to evaluate genetic v...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Community specific cardiovascular disease risk factor studies may be useful to evaluate genetic versus environmental causes. Agarwal is a high profile business community in India. A family based narrative from this community reveals a high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases-stroke and coronary heart disease. This is associated with high prevalence of multiple cardiovascular risk factors such as central obesity, hypertension, lipid abnormalities and diabetes. Another study in the same community in Jaipur reveals high prevalence of obesity associated with low physical activity and high dietary calorie and fat intake.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="aa63f2922d64cb2e37ef1353278cd8cc" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73779283,"asset_id":60250654,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779283/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="60250654"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="60250654"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60250654; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60250654]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=60250654]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 60250654; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='60250654']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "aa63f2922d64cb2e37ef1353278cd8cc" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=60250654]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":60250654,"title":"High cardiovascular risks in a North Indian Agarwal community: a case series","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60250654/High_cardiovascular_risks_in_a_North_Indian_Agarwal_community_a_case_series","owner_id":16188140,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":16188140,"first_name":"Rajeev","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Gupta","page_name":"RajeevGupta22","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2014-09-06T16:13:32.001-07:00","display_name":"Rajeev Gupta","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RajeevGupta22"},"attachments":[{"id":73779283,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73779283/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"1757-1626-0002-0000007870.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73779283/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"High_cardiovascular_risks_in_a_North_Ind.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/73779283/1757-1626-0002-0000007870-libre.pdf?1635489681=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DHigh_cardiovascular_risks_in_a_North_Ind.pdf\u0026Expires=1739922545\u0026Signature=Yj~18fHZr4oqib7cGgL0AmKmhOOz5UhLwYnpmDv64SUFWiW-RwSyP7wsjMX0B~It750UwMSw10zceIrzhn3J5YdHvbnvmnXyLu~FwDiZQvK5tvCMhnP~jQx9D5AcBvptLyP1X8B~JpJlYiBYZice-dRwiBrKzeyHhJLsMUdP9pVtu~PC7B5TOdl1~0Ktx9vfKGOdaByIkNPMMHEDz6lCpSYJ0ydMFJ78v5ouMo7V4HPPV7c1~5HzFPPRkTegk4K7t9dQsx0if4gsvqX~HLfhT1l-NWFS-2RnKlKG-AjK74P3XYwIHeWwm2L62eNq6MyWAQY2trxnD~47Zt8bWkNMjg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="8222105"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/8222105/Treatment_and_outcomes_of_acute_coronary_syndromes_in_India_CREATE_a_prospective_analysis_of_registry_data"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Treatment and outcomes of acute coronary syndromes in India (CREATE): a prospective analysis of registry data" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/48178512/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/8222105/Treatment_and_outcomes_of_acute_coronary_syndromes_in_India_CREATE_a_prospective_analysis_of_registry_data">Treatment and outcomes of acute coronary syndromes in India (CREATE): a prospective analysis of registry data</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Lancet</span><span>, 2008</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Randomized trials have established the benefit of medical therapy and revascularizati...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Randomized trials have established the benefit of medical therapy and revascularization in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (MI). Cancer and cardiovascular disease are the 2 most common diseases worldwide. In clinical practice, cancer patients are frequently afflicted with MI. The benefit of medical and/or revascularization therapy in the cancer population with MI is less well known. Hypothesis: Medical and revascularization therapy reduces mortality in cancer patients with MI. Methods: After approval by the institutional review board, we retrospectively reviewed all patients with a discharge diagnosis of acute MI who were admitted to the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center between December 2000 and October 2006 and evaluated the association between cardiac treatments with survival outcomes. Results: A total of 456 patients with a discharge diagnosis of acute MI were identified and included in the study, of which 386 had non-ST-segment elevation MI (NSTEMI) and 70 had ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI). Compared with patients with NSTEMI, patients who had STEMI were more often prescribed aspirin (66% vs 43%; P = 0.004), β-blockers (61% vs 46%; P = 0.018), and thrombolytic therapy (9% vs 0.3%; P = 0.0001). In the multivariable analysis, aspirin use was associated with a 23% decreased risk of death (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.60-0.98, P = 0.033) and β-blocker use was associated with a 36% decreased risk of death (HR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.51-0.81, P = 0.0002). Statins (HR: 0.82, P = 0.18) and catheterbased revascularization (HR: 0.57, P = 0.09) did not have an impact on the risk of death. Compared with patients with limited cancer, advanced cancer patients were twice as likely to die (HR: 2.12, 95 CI: 1.47-3.04, P < 0.0001). Previous chemotherapy (P = 0.005) and chest radiotherapy (P = 0.017) were associated with increased 1-year mortality, whereas hyperlipidemia (P = 0.018) was protective. Conclusions: In this study of cancer patients with MI, medical therapy with aspirin and β-blockers was associated with improved survival.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="d79d71982f3f1cdc901528631c9d6f3d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":48178512,"asset_id":8222105,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48178512/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="8222105"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="8222105"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8222105; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="8222104"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/8222104/Prevalence_and_determinants_of_hypertension_in_the_urban_population_of_Jaipur_in_western_India"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Prevalence and determinants of hypertension in the urban population of Jaipur in western India" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/48178524/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/8222104/Prevalence_and_determinants_of_hypertension_in_the_urban_population_of_Jaipur_in_western_India">Prevalence and determinants of hypertension in the urban population of Jaipur in western India</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Hypertension</span><span>, 1995</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Background: Hypertension is a cardiovascular disease of increasing global burden with prevalence ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Background: Hypertension is a cardiovascular disease of increasing global burden with prevalence in Nigeria ranging from 8% to 46.4%. Aim: To determine the prevalence and determinants of hypertension in Igbeagu, a rural community in South-Eastern Nigeria. Subjects and Methods: Consenting residents aged 18 years and above participated in this survey. A structured questionnaire was administered on the participants in their native dialect. Blood pressure (BP) and anthropometric parameters of the participants were measured using standard techniques. Hypertension was defined as systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg and diastolic BP of ≥ 90 mmHg. Results: Two hundred and sixty-seven participants had their BP and data completed satisfactorily. Sixty-two persons were hypertensive, giving a prevalence rate of 23.2% (62/267). Age, consumption of red meat, body mass index (BMI), and the number of children in the family were associated with hypertension. Regression analysis showed that only BMI and age were independent risk factors for hypertension. Conclusion: Although the prevalence of hypertension in this study and their associated risk factors were in agreement with studies done previously in Nigeria, the association between number of children in the family and hypertension is yet to be understood. Efforts are needed to curb the high prevalence of hypertension in this community.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="c217b15300618773167d2cb20a1e2091" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":48178524,"asset_id":8222104,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48178524/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="8222104"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="8222104"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8222104; 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