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[o]" accesskey="o" class="">Logg inn</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Fleire val" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personlege verktøy" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personlege verktøy </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Brukarmeny" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nn.wikipedia.org&uselang=nn">Gåver</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Opprett_konto&returnto=Saudi-Arabia" title="Me oppfordrar til at du oppretter ein konto og loggar inn, men det er ikkje påkravd."> Opprett konto</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Logg_inn&returnto=Saudi-Arabia" title="Det er ikkje obligatorisk å logga inn, men medfører mange fordelar. [o]" accesskey="o"> Logg inn</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sider for utlogga bidragsytarar <a href="/wiki/Hjelp:Introduksjon" aria-label="Lær meir om redigering">lær meir</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bidraga_mine" title="Liste over endringar gjorde frå denne IP-adressa [y]" accesskey="y">Bidrag</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Diskusjonssida_mi" title="Diskusjon om endringar gjorde av denne ip-adressa [n]" accesskey="n">Diskusjon</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Nettstad"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innhald" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhald</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gøym</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Byrjinga</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etymologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Etymologi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Historie </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Historie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Vis/skjul underseksjonen Historie </button> <ul id="toc-Historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Før_grunnlegginga_av_Saudi-Arabia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Før_grunnlegginga_av_Saudi-Arabia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Før grunnlegginga av Saudi-Arabia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Før_grunnlegginga_av_Saudi-Arabia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etter_samlinga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etter_samlinga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Etter samlinga </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etter_samlinga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politikk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politikk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Politikk </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politikk-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Vis/skjul underseksjonen Politikk </button> <ul id="toc-Politikk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Monarkiet_og_kongefamilien" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monarkiet_og_kongefamilien"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Monarkiet og kongefamilien </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monarkiet_og_kongefamilien-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Al_ash-Sheikh_og_rolla_til_ulemaen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Al_ash-Sheikh_og_rolla_til_ulemaen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Al ash-Sheikh og rolla til ulemaen </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Al_ash-Sheikh_og_rolla_til_ulemaen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rettssystem" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rettssystem"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Rettssystem </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rettssystem-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Menneskerettar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Menneskerettar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Menneskerettar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Menneskerettar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utanrikspolitikk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utanrikspolitikk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Utanrikspolitikk </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utanrikspolitikk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Forsvaret" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Forsvaret"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Forsvaret </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Forsvaret-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Geografi </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geografi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Vis/skjul underseksjonen Geografi </button> <ul id="toc-Geografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Klima" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klima"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Klima </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klima-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrativ_inndeling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrativ_inndeling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Administrativ inndeling </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrativ_inndeling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Økonomi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Økonomi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Økonomi </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Økonomi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Vis/skjul underseksjonen Økonomi </button> <ul id="toc-Økonomi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Jordbruk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jordbruk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Jordbruk </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jordbruk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vassforsyning_og_kloakk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vassforsyning_og_kloakk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Vassforsyning og kloakk </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vassforsyning_og_kloakk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Demografi </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demografi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Vis/skjul underseksjonen Demografi </button> <ul id="toc-Demografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Språk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Språk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Språk </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Språk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religionar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religionar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Religionar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religionar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utlendingar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utlendingar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Utlendingar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utlendingar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Store_byar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Store_byar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Store byar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Store_byar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kultur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kultur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Kultur </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kultur-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Vis/skjul underseksjonen Kultur </button> <ul id="toc-Kultur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Religion_i_samfunnet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion_i_samfunnet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Religion i samfunnet </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion_i_samfunnet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Islamske_stader" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Islamske_stader"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1.1 Islamske stader </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Islamske_stader-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klede" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klede"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Klede </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klede-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kunst_og_underhaldning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kunst_og_underhaldning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Kunst og underhaldning </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kunst_og_underhaldning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Idrett" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Idrett"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 Idrett </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Idrett-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.5 Mat </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Samfunnsproblem" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Samfunnsproblem"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.6 Samfunnsproblem </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Samfunnsproblem-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kvinner" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kvinner"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.7 Kvinner </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kvinner-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utdanning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utdanning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Utdanning </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utdanning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kjelder" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kjelder"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Kjelder </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kjelder-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bakgrunnsstoff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bakgrunnsstoff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Bakgrunnsstoff </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bakgrunnsstoff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhald" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innhaldslista" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Vis/skjul innhaldslista </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Saudi-Arabia</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til ein artikkel på eit anna språk. Tilgjengeleg på 267 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-267" aria-hidden="true" > 267 språk </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia – norsk bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Saudi-Arabia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norsk bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudiarabien" title="Saudiarabien – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Saudiarabien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="betre artikkel"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabien" title="Saudi-Arabien – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Saudi-Arabien" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – achinesisk" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="achinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%A5%D1%8C%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Сауд Хьэрыпей – kabardisk" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Сауд Хьэрыпей" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгэбзэ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Сауд Арабие – adygeisk" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Сауд Арабие" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="adygeisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгабзэ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saoedi-Arabi%C3%AB" title="Saoedi-Arabië – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Saoedi-Arabië" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabien" title="Saudi-Arabien – sveitsertysk" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Saudi-Arabien" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="sveitsertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B3%E1%8B%91%E1%8B%B2_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%A8%E1%89%A2%E1%8B%AB" title="ሳዑዲ አረቢያ – amharisk" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሳዑዲ አረቢያ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia – enaresamisk" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Saudi-Arabia" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="enaresamisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%8A%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC" title="सऊदी अरब – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="सऊदी अरब" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudisc_Arabea" title="Saudisc Arabea – gammalengelsk" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Saudisc Arabea" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="gammalengelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="god artikkel"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="السعودية – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="السعودية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – aragonsk" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A3%DC%A5%DC%98%DC%95%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܣܥܘܕܝܐ – arameisk" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܣܥܘܕܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arameisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">ܐܪܡܝܐ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A7%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Սէուտական Արաբիա – vestarmensk" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սէուտական Արաբիա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="vestarmensk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudesc%C3%A3" title="Arabia Saudescã – arumensk" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Arabia Saudescã" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="arumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_saoudita" title="Arabia saoudita – arpitansk" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Arabia saoudita" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="arpitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%86%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%B1" title="চৌদি আৰৱ – assamesisk" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="চৌদি আৰৱ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC" title="सउदी अरब – avadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="सउदी अरब" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="avadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%A1via_Saud%C3%ADta" title="Arávia Saudíta – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Arávia Saudíta" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="СагӀудиязул ГӀарабия – avarisk" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="СагӀудиязул ГӀарабия" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Авар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C9%99udiyy%C9%99_%C6%8Fr%C9%99bistan%C4%B1" title="Səudiyyə Ərəbistanı – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Səudiyyə Ərəbistanı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سعودی عربیستان – søraserbajdsjansk" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سعودی عربیستان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="søraserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – balinesisk" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudia_Arabu_ka_Faamamara" title="Saudia Arabu ka Faamamara – bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Saudia Arabu ka Faamamara" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bamanankan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC" title="সৌদি আরব – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সৌদি আরব" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_A-la-pek" title="Saudi A-la-pek – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Saudi A-la-pek" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Banyumasan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D3%99%D2%93%D2%AF%D0%B4_%D2%92%D3%99%D1%80%D3%99%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Сәғүд Ғәрәбстаны – basjkirsk" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Сәғүд Ғәрәбстаны" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkirsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Саудаўская Аравія – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Саудаўская Аравія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Саудаўская Арабія – belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Саудаўская Арабія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC" title="सउदी अरब – bihari" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="सउदी अरब" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="bihari" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabya" title="Saudi Arabya – sentralbikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Saudi Arabya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="sentralbikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arebia" title="Saudi Arebia – bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Saudi Arebia" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Саудитска Арабия – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Саудитска Арабия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabien" title="Saudi Arabien – bairisk" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Saudi Arabien" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bairisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A8%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%94%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BC%8D" title="སའུ་དི་ཨ་ར་པི་ཡ། – tibetansk" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སའུ་དི་ཨ་ར་པི་ཡ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudijska_Arabija" title="Saudijska Arabija – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Saudijska Arabija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saoudat" title="Arabia Saoudat – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Arabia Saoudat" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Саудай Арави – burjatisk" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Саудай Арави" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="burjatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%A0bia_Saudita" title="Aràbia Saudita – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aràbia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9%C4%95" title="Сауд Аравийĕ – tsjuvansk" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сауд Аравийĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tsjuvansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudinhong_Arabiya" title="Saudinhong Arabiya – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Saudinhong Arabiya" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="betre artikkel"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%C3%BAdsk%C3%A1_Ar%C3%A1bie" title="Saúdská Arábie – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Saúdská Arábie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudhi_Arabhia" title="Saudhi Arabhia – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Saudhi Arabhia" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiTumbuka</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – korsikansk" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsikansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawdi_Arabia" title="Sawdi Arabia – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Sawdi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dagbanli</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="السعودية – marokkansk-arabisk" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="السعودية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="marokkansk-arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia – nordsamisk" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Saudi-Arabia" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="nordsamisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – pennsylvaniatysk" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="pennsylvaniatysk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deitsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabien" title="Saudi-Arabien – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Saudi-Arabien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%90%DE%A6%DE%87%DE%AB%DE%8B%DE%A9_%DE%87%DE%A6%DE%83%DE%A6%DE%84%DE%A8%DE%87%DE%B0%DE%94%DE%A7" title="ސައޫދީ އަރަބިއްޔާ – divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ސައޫދީ އަރަބިއްޔާ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81s%C3%A1%C3%AD_Dine%CA%BC%C3%A9_Bik%C3%A9yah_Ntsaa%C3%ADg%C3%AD%C3%AD" title="Ásáí Dineʼé Bikéyah Ntsaaígíí – navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Ásáí Dineʼé Bikéyah Ntsaaígíí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabska" title="Saudi-Arabska – lågsorbisk" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Saudi-Arabska" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="lågsorbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dolnoserbski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC" title="साउदी अरब – doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="साउदी अरब" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BC%8B" title="སའུ་དི་ཨེ་ར་སྦི་ཡ་ – dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="སའུ་དི་ཨེ་ར་སྦི་ཡ་" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target">ཇོང་ཁ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Araabia" title="Saudi Araabia – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Saudi Araabia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B1%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%91%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Σαουδική Αραβία – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σαουδική Αραβία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Саудовонь Аравия – erzia" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Саудовонь Аравия" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauda_Arabio" title="Sauda Arabio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sauda Arabio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – ekstremaduransk" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="ekstremaduransk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="عربستان سعودی – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عربستان سعودی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – fijiansk hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="fijiansk hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudiarabia" title="Saudiarabia – færøysk" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Saudiarabia" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="færøysk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabie_saoudite" title="Arabie saoudite – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Arabie saoudite" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%C3%BBdy-Araabje" title="Saûdy-Araabje – vestfrisisk" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Saûdy-Araabje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vestfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aarabe_Sawdiyanke" title="Aarabe Sawdiyanke – fulfulde" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Aarabe Sawdiyanke" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="fulfulde" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fulfulde</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Araib_Sh%C3%A1dach" title="An Araib Shádach – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Araib Shádach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Araab_Saudi" title="Yn Araab Saudi – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Araab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabiya" title="Saudi Arabiya – gagausisk" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Saudi Arabiya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagausisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagauz</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%A0ibia_nan_Sabhd" title="Aràibia nan Sabhd – skotsk-gælisk" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Aràibia nan Sabhd" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk-gælisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D3%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BA" title="СаӀудий Ӏарбий мохк – ingusjisk" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="СаӀудий Ӏарбий мохк" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingusjisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">ГӀалгӀай</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF" title="沙特阿拉伯 – gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="沙特阿拉伯" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gĩkũyũ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%89%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%80_%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE" title="સાઉદી અરેબિયા – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સાઉદી અરેબિયા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="सौदी अरेबिया – goansk konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="सौदी अरेबिया" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="goansk konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target">गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_%C3%82-l%C3%A2-pak" title="Saudi Â-lâ-pak – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Saudi Â-lâ-pak" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%B0%EB%94%94%EC%95%84%EB%9D%BC%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84" title="사우디아라비아 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="사우디아라비아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arebiya" title="Saudi Arebiya – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Saudi Arebiya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_%CA%BBAlapia" title="Saudi ʻAlapia – hawaiisk" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Saudi ʻAlapia" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaiisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A4%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Սաուդյան Արաբիա – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սաուդյան Արաբիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC" title="सउदी अरब – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सउदी अरब" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawdi-Arabska" title="Sawdi-Arabska – høgsorbisk" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Sawdi-Arabska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="høgsorbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudijska_Arabija" title="Saudijska Arabija – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Saudijska Arabija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Hulontalo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Saudi-Arabia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – ibo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="ibo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC" title="সৌদি আরব – bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="সৌদি আরব" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B1" title="Сауды Арабб – ossetisk" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сауды Арабб" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1di-Arab%C3%ADa" title="Sádi-Arabía – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sádi-Arabía" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99%D7%AA" title="ערב הסעודית – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ערב הסעודית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – javanesisk" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabii-Sah%CA%8Aditi" title="Arabii-Sahʊditi – kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Arabii-Sahʊditi" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE" title="ಸೌದಿ ಅರೇಬಿಯಾ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸೌದಿ ಅರೇಬಿಯಾ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudita_Arabia" title="Saudita Arabia – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Saudita Arabia" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сауд Арабия – karatsjaiisk-balkarsk" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Сауд Арабия" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karatsjaiisk-balkarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Къарачай-малкъар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="საუდის არაბეთი – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="საუდის არაბეთი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%97%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="سوٗدی عرب – kasjmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="سوٗدی عرب" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kasjmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saud%C3%ABjsk%C3%B4_Arabij%C3%B4" title="Saudëjskô Arabijô – kasjubisk" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Saudëjskô Arabijô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kasjubisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kaszëbsczi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Сауд Арабиясы – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сауд Арабиясы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabi_Saoudek" title="Arabi Saoudek – kornisk" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Arabi Saoudek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabiya_Sawudite" title="Arabiya Sawudite – kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Arabiya Sawudite" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ikinyarwanda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudia" title="Saudia – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Saudia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Саудса Аравия – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Саудса Аравия" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – kikongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kikongo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kongo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabi_Sawoudit" title="Arabi Sawoudit – haitisk" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Arabi Sawoudit" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabi_Saoudit" title="Arabi Saoudit – franskguyansk kreol" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Arabi Saoudit" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="franskguyansk kreol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erebistana_Si%C3%BBd%C3%AE" title="Erebistana Siûdî – kurdisk" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Erebistana Siûdî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Сауд Арабиясы – kirgisisk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Сауд Арабиясы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_di_Saudi" title="Arabia di Saudi – ladinsk" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Arabia di Saudi" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="ladinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%8C%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%90%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Саоьдуллал Аьрабусттан – lakisk" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Саоьдуллал Аьрабусттан" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="lakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лакку</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%C5%ABda_Ar%C4%81bija" title="Saūda Arābija – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Saūda Arābija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabien" title="Saudi-Arabien – luxemburgsk" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Saudi-Arabien" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Сауди Арабистан – lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Сауди Арабистан" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudo_Arabija" title="Saudo Arabija – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Saudo Arabija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saud%C3%AFa" title="Arabia Saudïa – ligurisk" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Arabia Saudïa" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligurisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saoedi-Arabi%C3%AB" title="Saoedi-Arabië – limburgsk" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Saoedi-Arabië" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudi" title="Arabia Saudi – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Arabia Saudi" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabii" title="Saudi Arabii – livvisk" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Saudi Arabii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="livvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/djogu%27e" title="djogu'e – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="djogu'e" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – lombardisk" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sza%C3%BAd-Ar%C3%A1bia" title="Szaúd-Arábia – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szaúd-Arábia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – maduresisk" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="maduresisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Madhurâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC" title="साउदी अरब – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="साउदी अरब" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Саудиска Арабија – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Саудиска Арабија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saodita" title="Arabia Saodita – madagassisk" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Arabia Saodita" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="madagassisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="god artikkel"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%97%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF" title="സൗദി അറേബ്യ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സൗദി അറേബ്യ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabja_Sawdija" title="Arabja Sawdija – maltesisk" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Arabja Sawdija" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hauti_Ar%C4%81pia" title="Hauti Arāpia – maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Hauti Arāpia" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="सौदी अरेबिया – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सौदी अरेबिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="საუდიშ არაბეთი – mingrelsk" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="საუდიშ არაბეთი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%87" title="المملكه العربيه السعوديه – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="المملكه العربيه السعوديه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="سعودی عربستون – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سعودی عربستون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%8E%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4_%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%95%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5" title="ꯁꯥꯎꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯌꯥ – manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯁꯥꯎꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯌꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_%C4%80-l%C3%A1-b%C3%A1ik" title="Saudi Ā-lá-báik – mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Saudi Ā-lá-báik" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%A1bia_Saudita" title="Arábia Saudita – mirandesisk" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Arábia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Саудонь Арабия – moksja" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Саудонь Арабия" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksja" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1" title="Саудын Араб – mongolsk" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Саудын Араб" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%92%E1%80%AE%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%98%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ဆော်ဒီအာရေးဘီးယားနိုင်ငံ – burmesisk" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆော်ဒီအာရေးဘီးယားနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saoedi-Arabi%C3%AB" title="Saoedi-Arabië – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Saoedi-Arabië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC" title="साउदी अरब – nepalsk" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="साउदी अरब" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="साउदी अरबिया – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="साउदी अरबिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A9%E3%83%93%E3%82%A2" title="サウジアラビア – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サウジアラビア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%9B%DF%8E%DF%B0%DF%98%DF%8E%DF%AC%DF%9F%DF%8A%DF%AB" title="ߛߎ߰ߘߎ߬ߟߊ߫ – n’ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߛߎ߰ߘߎ߬ߟߊ߫" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="n’ko" class="interlanguage-link-target">ߒߞߏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D3%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%8C" title="СаӀудийн Ӏаьрбийчоь – tsjetsjensk" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="СаӀудийн Ӏаьрбийчоь" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tsjetsjensk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Araabien" title="Saudi-Araabien – nordfrisisk" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Saudi-Araabien" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Erabia" title="Saudi Erabia – pitkairnsk" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Saudi Erabia" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="pitkairnsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norfuk / Pitkern</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabie_Saudi" title="Arabie Saudi – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Arabie Saudi" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – oksitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Сауд Аравий – austmarisk" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Сауд Аравий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="austmarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%89%E0%AC%A6%E0%AC%BF_%E0%AC%86%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%AC" title="ସାଉଦି ଆରବ – odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସାଉଦି ଆରବ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%27ud_Arabiyaa" title="Sa'ud Arabiyaa – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Sa'ud Arabiyaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudiya_Arabistoni" title="Saudiya Arabistoni – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Saudiya Arabistoni" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%8A%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AC" title="ਸਾਊਦੀ ਅਰਬ – panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਾਊਦੀ ਅਰਬ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%8A%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC" title="सऊदी अरब – pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="सऊदी अरब" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="pali" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_arabia" title="Saudi arabia – amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Saudi arabia" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="amis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangcah</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="سعودی عرب – vestpunjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سعودی عرب" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="vestpunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%92%E1%80%AE%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%97%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%81%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%91%E1%80%AE" title="သော်ဒီအာရေးဗီးယားခမ်းထီ – pa'o" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="သော်ဒီအာရေးဗီးယားခမ်းထီ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="pa'o" class="interlanguage-link-target">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سعودي عربستان – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سعودي عربستان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saadi_Ariebia" title="Saadi Ariebia – jamaicansk kreolengelsk" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Saadi Ariebia" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="jamaicansk kreolengelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%8C%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%8F" title="អារ៉ាប៊ីសាអ៊ូឌីត – khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អារ៉ាប៊ីសាអ៊ូឌីត" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabie_saoudite" title="Arabie saoudite – pikardisk" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Arabie saoudite" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="pikardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saodita" title="Arabia Saodita – piemontesisk" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Arabia Saodita" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – tok pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="tok pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tok Pisin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabien" title="Saudi-Arabien – lågtysk" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Saudi-Arabien" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="lågtysk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudyjska" title="Arabia Saudyjska – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Arabia Saudyjska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%A1bia_Saudita" title="Arábia Saudita – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Arábia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudiya_Arabstan%C4%B1" title="Saudiya Arabstanı – karakalpakisk" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Saudiya Arabstanı" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudiy_Arabistan" title="Saudiy Arabistan – krimtatarisk" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Saudiy Arabistan" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krimtatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudit%C4%83" title="Arabia Saudită – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Arabia Saudită" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudita" title="Arabia Saudita – retoromansk" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Arabia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="retoromansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawutya_Arapya" title="Sawutya Arapya – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Sawutya Arapya" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Саудьска Арабія – rusinsk" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Саудьска Арабія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Саудовская Аравия – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Саудовская Аравия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Сауд Арабията – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сауд Арабията" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sakizaya</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%8A%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC" title="सऊदी अरब – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="सऊदी अरब" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%B3%E1%B1%A3%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%A4_%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%BD" title="ᱥᱳᱣᱫᱤ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱳᱣᱫᱤ ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱽ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="سعودی عرب – saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="سعودی عرب" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target">سرائیکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%A0bia_Saudita" title="Aràbia Saudita – sardinsk" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Aràbia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabie" title="Saudi Arabie – skotsk" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Saudi Arabie" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seediq</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabien" title="Saudi-Arabien – saterfrisisk" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Saudi-Arabien" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="saterfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saudite" title="Arabia Saudite – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Arabia Saudite" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabbia_Saudita" title="Arabbia Saudita – siciliansk" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Arabbia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%9E%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA" title="සෞදි අරාබිය – singalesisk" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සෞදි අරාබිය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="سعودي عرب – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سعودي عرب" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-Arabhiya" title="I-Arabhiya – swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="I-Arabhiya" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="swati" class="interlanguage-link-target">SiSwati</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudsk%C3%A1_Ar%C3%A1bia" title="Saudská Arábia – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Saudská Arábia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudova_Arabija" title="Saudova Arabija – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Saudova Arabija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudyjsk%C5%8F_Arabij%C5%8F" title="Saudyjskŏ Arabijŏ – schlesisk" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Saudyjskŏ Arabijŏ" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="schlesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sacuudi_Carabiya" title="Sacuudi Carabiya – somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Sacuudi Carabiya" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%D8%A8%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="عەرەبستانی سعوودی – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="عەرەبستانی سعوودی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Саудијска Арабија – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Саудијска Арабија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudijska_Arabija" title="Saudijska Arabija – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Saudijska Arabija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – sundanesisk" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="tilrådd artikkel"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Saudi-Arabia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="சவூதி அரேபியா – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சவூதி அரேபியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagldit_Tasa%C9%9Budit" title="Tagldit Tasaɛudit – tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tagldit Tasaɛudit" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taclḥit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su%C9%9Budiya" title="Suɛudiya – kabylsk" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Suɛudiya" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabylsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabie_Saudite" title="Arabie Saudite – tarantinsk" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Arabie Saudite" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="tarantinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tarandíne</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D3%99%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Согуд Гарәбстаны – tatarisk" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Согуд Гарәбстаны" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%80%B1%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%90%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87%E1%80%A2%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8" title="မိူင်းသေႃႇတီႇဢႃႇရေးပီးယႃး – shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းသေႃႇတီႇဢႃႇရေးပီးယႃး" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="shan" class="interlanguage-link-target">ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_arabia" title="Saudi arabia – atayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Saudi arabia" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="atayal" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tayal</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8C%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%80_%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="సౌదీ అరేబియా – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సౌదీ అరేబియా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%A1bia_Saudita" title="Arábia Saudita – tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Arábia Saudita" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tetun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศซาอุดีอาระเบีย – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศซาอุดีอาระเบีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B5%E1%8B%91%E1%8B%B2_%E1%8B%93%E1%88%A8%E1%89%A5" title="ስዑዲ ዓረብ – tigrinja" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ስዑዲ ዓረብ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="tigrinja" class="interlanguage-link-target">ትግርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D3%A3" title="Арабистони Саудӣ – tadsjikisk" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Арабистони Саудӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadsjikisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauti_%CA%BBAlepea" title="Sauti ʻAlepea – tongansk" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Sauti ʻAlepea" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="tongansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lea faka-Tonga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%8C%E1%8E%A4%E1%8F%97_%E1%8E%A1%E1%8E%B4%E1%8F%88%E1%8E%A0" title="ᏌᎤᏗ ᎡᎴᏈᎠ – cherokesisk" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏌᎤᏗ ᎡᎴᏈᎠ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="cherokesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᏣᎳᎩ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suudi_Arabistan" title="Suudi Arabistan – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Suudi Arabistan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saud_Arabystan" title="Saud Arabystan – turkmensk" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Saud Arabystan" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmensk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sa%CC%B1udi_A%CC%B1rabya" title="Sa̱udi A̱rabya – tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Sa̱udi A̱rabya" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tyap</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сауд Аравия – udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Сауд Аравия" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%95%E1%A8%91%E1%A8%85_%E1%A8%94%E1%A8%95%E1%A8%98%E1%A8%89%E1%A8%97" title="ᨕᨑᨅ ᨔᨕᨘᨉᨗ – buginesisk" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨕᨑᨅ ᨔᨕᨘᨉᨗ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="buginesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Ugi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Саудівська Аравія – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Саудівська Аравія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8" title="سعودی عرب – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سعودی عرب" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%A6%DB%87%D8%AF%D9%89_%D8%A6%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%D8%A8%D9%89%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سەئۇدى ئەرەبىستان – uigurisk" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="سەئۇدى ئەرەبىستان" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigurisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Ahlazbwz" title="Saudi Ahlazbwz – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Saudi Ahlazbwz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabia_Saud%C3%ACa" title="Arabia Saudìa – venetiansk" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Arabia Saudìa" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetiansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudan_Arabii" title="Saudan Arabii – vepsisk" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Saudan Arabii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepsisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BA%A2_R%E1%BA%ADp_X%C3%AA_%C3%9At" title="Ả Rập Xê Út – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ả Rập Xê Út" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauda-Larab%C3%A4n" title="Sauda-Larabän – volapyk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Sauda-Larabän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapyk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Araabia" title="Saudi Araabia – sørestisk" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Saudi Araabia" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="sørestisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF" title="沙特阿拉伯 – klassisk kinesisk" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="沙特阿拉伯" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="klassisk kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Saudi Arabia" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araabi_Sawdit" title="Araabi Sawdit – wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Araabi Sawdit" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target">Wolof</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF" title="沙特阿拉伯 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="沙特阿拉伯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A2" title="סאודי אראביע – jiddisk" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סאודי אראביע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1%C3%BAd%C3%AD_Ar%C3%A1b%C3%AD%C3%A0" title="Sáúdí Arábíà – joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Sáúdí Arábíà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%9C%B0%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF" title="沙地阿拉伯 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="沙地阿拉伯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ereb%C4%B1stan%C3%AA_Seudi" title="Erebıstanê Seudi – dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Erebıstanê Seudi" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saoedi-Araobi%C3%AB" title="Saoedi-Araobië – zeeuws" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Saoedi-Araobië" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zeeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauda_Arab%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Sauda Arabėjė – samogitisk" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Sauda Arabėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%89%B9%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF" title="沙特阿拉伯 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="沙特阿拉伯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawudi_Arebia" title="Sawudi Arebia – obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Sawudi Arebia" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Obolo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Betawi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Mandailing</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – sentraldusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="sentraldusun" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kadazandusun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jaku Iban</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Arab Saudi" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kumoring</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C9%99udi_%C6%8Fr%C9%99bistan" title="Səudi Ərəbistan – talysj" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Səudi Ərəbistan" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talysj" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tolışi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a 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data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utsjånad</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">gøym</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Frå Wikipedia – det frie oppslagsverket</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nn" dir="ltr"><div align="right">[<a class="external text" href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mal:Fakta_om_Saudi-Arabia&action=edit">endre</a>]</div> <table class="infoboks geografi infobox" style="width:46ex; margin-top:0.75em;"> <tbody><tr> <th class="mergedrow" colspan="2">المملكة العربية السعودية Al-Mamlakah al-ʿArabiyyah as-Saʿūdiyyah (norsk: Saudi-Arabia, saudiarabisk) </th></tr> <tr class="mergedrow"> <td align="center" colspan="2"> <table cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" align="center"> <table style="width: 23em; text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr class="mergedrow"> <td style="vertical-align: middle; align:center"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det saudiarabiske flagget"><img alt="Det saudiarabiske flagget" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/125px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/188px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/250px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> </td> <td style="vertical-align: middle; align:center"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Det saudiarabiske riksvåpenet"><img alt="Det saudiarabiske riksvåpenet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/80px-Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/120px-Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/160px-Emblem_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="610" data-file-height="662" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Det_saudiarabiske_flagget" title="Det saudiarabiske flagget">Flagg</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Det_saudiarabiske_riksv%C3%A5penet" title="Det saudiarabiske riksvåpenet">Riksvåpen</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Nasjonalsong" title="Nasjonalsong">Nasjonalsong</a> </td> <td>«<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aash_al_malik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aash al malik (sida finst ikkje)">Aash al malik</a>» </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Motto" title="Motto">Motto</a></td> <td style="font-style: italic;"><a href="/wiki/Sjahada" class="mw-redirect" title="Sjahada">لا إله إلا الله محمد رسول الله</a> Transliterasjon: lā ilāhā illā-llāhu; muhammadu-r-rasūlu-llāhi) Omsetjing: «Det finst ingen annan <a href="/wiki/Gud" title="Gud">gud</a> enn <a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a>, og <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> er bodberaren åt Allah.» </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td colspan="2" style="background:#ffffff; color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Fil:SaudiArabiaWorldMap.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Geografisk plassering av Saudi-Arabia"><img alt="Geografisk plassering av Saudi-Arabia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/SaudiArabiaWorldMap.png/250px-SaudiArabiaWorldMap.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/SaudiArabiaWorldMap.png/375px-SaudiArabiaWorldMap.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/SaudiArabiaWorldMap.png/500px-SaudiArabiaWorldMap.png 2x" data-file-width="1427" data-file-height="628" /></a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Offisielt_spr%C3%A5k" title="Offisielt språk">Offisielle språk</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">Arabisk</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Hovudstad" title="Hovudstad">Hovudstad</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Styresett" title="Styresett">Styresett</a> <div style="text-align: right"><a href="/wiki/Konge" title="Konge">Kong</a> <a href="/wiki/Kronprins" title="Kronprins">Kronprins</a></div> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monarki" title="Monarki">Monarki</a> <a href="/wiki/Salman_av_Saudi-Arabia" title="Salman av Saudi-Arabia">Salman bin Abdulaziz</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muqrin_bin_Abdulaziz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muqrin bin Abdulaziz (sida finst ikkje)">Muqrin bin Abdulaziz</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Verdas_land_etter_flatevidd" title="Verdas land etter flatevidd">Flatevidd</a>  – Totalt  – Andel vatn </td> <td>  2 149 690 km² (<a href="/wiki/Verdas_land_etter_flatevidd" title="Verdas land etter flatevidd">12.</a>) 0 % </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Verdas_land_etter_folketal" title="Verdas land etter folketal">Folketal</a>  – Estimert (2017)  – Tettleik </td> <td>  28 571 770 (<a href="/wiki/Verdas_land_etter_folketal" title="Verdas land etter folketal">46.</a>) 13,3 /km² (<a href="/wiki/Verdas_land_etter_folketettleik" title="Verdas land etter folketettleik">178.</a>) </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>Samla </td> <td valign="bottom"><a href="/wiki/23._september" title="23. september">23. september</a> <a href="/wiki/1932" title="1932">1932</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Nasjonaldag" title="Nasjonaldag">Nasjonaldag</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/23._september" title="23. september">23. september</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Bruttonasjonalprodukt" title="Bruttonasjonalprodukt">BNP</a>  – Totalt (2015)  – Per innbyggjar </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;">  1 849 000 <a href="/wiki/Million" title="Million">mill.</a> <a href="/wiki/USA-amerikansk_dollar" class="mw-redirect" title="USA-amerikansk dollar">USD</a> (<a href="/wiki/Verdas_land_etter_bruttonasjonalprodukt" title="Verdas land etter bruttonasjonalprodukt">13.</a>) 57 000 <a href="/wiki/US_dollar" class="mw-redirect" title="US dollar">USD</a> (<a href="/wiki/Verdas_land_etter_bruttonasjonalprodukt_per_innbyggjar" title="Verdas land etter bruttonasjonalprodukt per innbyggjar">14.</a>) </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Valuta" title="Valuta">Valuta</a> </td> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudiarabisk_riyal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saudiarabisk riyal (sida finst ikkje)">Saudiarabisk riyal</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Tidssone" title="Tidssone">Tidssone</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/UTC" title="UTC">UTC</a> +3 </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Internasjonal_telefonkode" title="Internasjonal telefonkode">Telefonkode</a> </td> <td>+966 </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td><a href="/wiki/Toppniv%C3%A5domene" title="Toppnivådomene">Toppnivådomene</a> </td> <td>.sa </td></tr></tbody></table> Saudi-Arabia (<a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">arabisk</a> السعودية, as-Su‘ūdiyyah eller as-Sa‘ūdiyyah), offisielt kalla Kongedømet Saudi-Arabia (arabisk المملكة العربية السعودية al-Mamlakah al-‘Arabiyyah as-Su‘ūdiyyah) er eit <a href="/wiki/Arabarar" title="Arabarar">arabisk</a> land i <a href="/wiki/Vest-Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Vest-Asia">Vest-Asia</a> som dekkjer det meste av <a href="/wiki/Den_arabiske_halv%C3%B8ya" title="Den arabiske halvøya">Den arabiske halvøya</a>. Med eit landareal på 2 150 000 <a href="/wiki/Kvadratkilometer" title="Kvadratkilometer">km²</a>, er Saudi-Arabia geografisk sett det neste største landet i <a href="/wiki/Den_arabiske_verda" title="Den arabiske verda">Den arabiske verda</a> etter <a href="/wiki/Algerie" title="Algerie">Algerie</a>. Saudi-Arabia grensar til <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> og <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a> i nord, <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> i nordaust, <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> og <a href="/wiki/Dei_sameinte_arabiske_emirata" title="Dei sameinte arabiske emirata">Dei sameinte arabiske emirata</a> i aust, <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> i søraust og <a href="/wiki/Jemen" title="Jemen">Jemen</a> i sør. Det er det einaste landet som grensar både til <a href="/wiki/Raudehavet" title="Raudehavet">Raudehavet</a> og <a href="/wiki/Persiabukta" title="Persiabukta">Persiabukta</a>, og det meste av terrenget er turr, ugjestmild ørken eller aude landformer. Dagens Saudi-Arabia var tidlegare fire fråskilde regionar: <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" class="mw-redirect" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Najd" title="Najd">Najd</a>, og delar av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aust-Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aust-Arabia (sida finst ikkje)">Aust-Arabia</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aust-Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aust-Arabia (sida finst ikkje)">Al-Ahsa</a>) og <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%B8r-Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sør-Arabia (sida finst ikkje)">Sør-Arabia</a> (<a href="/wiki/%27Asir-regionen" class="mw-redirect" title="'Asir-regionen">'Asir</a>).<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> Kongedømet Saudi-Arabia vart grunnlagd i 1932 av <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Saud" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Saud">Ibn Saud</a>. Han samla dei fire regionane til ein einskild stat gjennom ei rekkje erobringar frå og med 1902 med erobringa av <a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a>, der familien hans stamma frå; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Huset_Saud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huset Saud (sida finst ikkje)">huset Saud</a>. Landet har sidan vorte eit <a href="/wiki/Absolutt_monarki" class="mw-redirect" title="Absolutt monarki">absolutt monarki</a>, i røynda eit arveleg diktatur som vert styrt langs <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islamske</a> <a href="/wiki/Teokrati" title="Teokrati">liner</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wahhabi" class="mw-redirect" title="Wahhabi">Wahhabi</a>-islam har vorte kalla «det dominerande trekket ved saudisk kultur».<a href="#cite_note-HT2003:_14-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> Saudi-Arabia vert stundom kalla «landet med dei to heilage moskeane», som viser til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_al-Haram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masjid al-Haram (sida finst ikkje)">Al-Masjid al-Haram</a> (i <a href="/wiki/Mekka" title="Mekka">Mekka</a>) og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Masjid_an-Nabawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Masjid an-Nabawi (sida finst ikkje)">Al-Masjid an-Nabawi</a> (i <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a>), dei to heilagaste stadene i islam. Kongedømet har i alt 28,7 millionar innbyggjarar, der 20 millionar er saudiarabiske nasjonale og åtte millionar er utlendingar.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-demo-6">[6]</a> Saudi-Arabia er den største oljeprodusenten og eksportøren i verda, og kontrollerer det nest største <a href="/wiki/Oljereservoar" class="mw-redirect" title="Oljereservoar">oljereservoaret</a> i verda.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Med hjelp av fossile brensler har kongedømet vorte kategorisert som eit <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%B8ginntektsland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Høginntektsland (sida finst ikkje)">høginntektsland</a> med høg <a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">Human Development Index</a> (HDI),<a href="#cite_note-UNDR2014-8">[8]</a> og er det einaste arabiske landa blant <a href="/wiki/G-20-landa" class="mw-redirect" title="G-20-landa">G-20-landa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Men Saudi-Arabia har den minst spreidde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudiarabisk_%C3%B8konomi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saudiarabisk økonomi (sida finst ikkje)">økonomien</a> av landa i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Golfr%C3%A5det&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Golfrådet (sida finst ikkje)">Golfrådet</a> (GCC).<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> Det er eit monarkisk <a href="/wiki/Einevelde" title="Einevelde">einevelde</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-EIU-13">[13]</a> og er rangert som «Ikkje fritt» av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Freedom_House&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Freedom House (sida finst ikkje)">Freedom House</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FH2013-14">[14]</a> Saudi-Arabia er nummer fire i verda i høve til militære utgifter,<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-SIPRI-16">[16]</a> og i 2010–14 hadde <a href="/w/index.php?title=SIPRI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SIPRI (sida finst ikkje)">SIPRI</a> Saudi-Arabia som den nest største våpenimportøren i verda.<a href="#cite_note-books.sipri.org-17">[17]</a> Saudi-Arabia vert rekna som ei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regionalmakt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regionalmakt (sida finst ikkje)">regional</a>- og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mellommakt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mellommakt (sida finst ikkje)">mellommakt</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_United_States_and_the_Great_Powers-18">[18]</a> I tillegg til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Golfr%C3%A5det&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Golfrådet (sida finst ikkje)">GCC</a>, er landet ein aktiv medlem i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Organisasjonen_for_islamsk_samarbeid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organisasjonen for islamsk samarbeid (sida finst ikkje)">Organisasjonen for islamsk samarbeid</a> og <a href="/wiki/OPEC" class="mw-redirect" title="OPEC">OPEC</a>.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymologi">Etymologi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Endre bolk: Etymologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Etymologi">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Etter samlinga av kongedøma <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konged%C3%B8met_Hejaz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kongedømet Hejaz (sida finst ikkje)">Hejaz</a> og <a href="/wiki/Nejd" class="mw-redirect" title="Nejd">Nejd</a> fekk den nye staten namnet al-Mamlakah al-ʻArabīyah as-Suʻūdīyah (العربية السعودية) etter ein kongeleg resolusjon den 23. september 1932, av grunnleggjaren Abdulaziz Al Saud (<a href="/wiki/Ibn_Saud" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Saud">Ibn Saud</a>). Sjølv om dette normalt vert omsett som «Kongedømet Saudi-Arabia»<a href="#cite_note-US_State_Dept_Saudi-Arabia-20">[20]</a> tyder det bokstavleg «Det arabiske Saudi-kongedømet».<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Ordet «Saudi» kjem frå as-Suʻūdīyah som på <a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">arabisk</a> er eit adjektiv kalla ein <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nisba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nisba (sida finst ikkje)">nisba</a>, som kjem av familienamnet til den saudiarabiske kongefamilien, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Huset_Saud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huset Saud (sida finst ikkje)">Al Saud</a> (آل سعود). At familienamnet er med i namnet på landet syner at det er ein personleg eigedom for kongefamilien.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kamrava-23">[23]</a> Al Saud er eit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabisk_namn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabisk namn (sida finst ikkje)">arabisk namn</a> danna av ordet Al, som tyder «familien» eller «huset»<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> til personnamnet til ein stamfar. I tilfellet <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Saud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Saud (sida finst ikkje)">Al Saud</a>, er denne stamfaren personen som grunnla dynastiet på 1700-talet, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_bin_Saud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad bin Saud (sida finst ikkje)">Muhammad bin Saud</a>.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Dei som ikkje anerkjenner det saudiarabiske styret (særleg <a href="/wiki/Den_islamske_staten" title="Den islamske staten">Den islamske staten</a>) kallar nasjonen «Haramayn-landet (dei to heilage stadene)» som refererer til <a href="/wiki/Mekka" title="Mekka">Mekka</a> og <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a>.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Endre bolk: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Historie">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Før_grunnlegginga_av_Saudi-Arabia">Før grunnlegginga av Saudi-Arabia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Endre bolk: Før grunnlegginga av Saudi-Arabia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Før grunnlegginga av Saudi-Arabia">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Arabia_1914.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Arabia_1914.png/220px-Arabia_1914.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Arabia_1914.png/330px-Arabia_1914.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Arabia_1914.png/440px-Arabia_1914.png 2x" data-file-width="976" data-file-height="821" /></a><figcaption>Den arabiske halvøya i 1914.</figcaption></figure> I før-islamsk tid, utanom nokre få urbane kjøpstader (som <a href="/wiki/Mekka" title="Mekka">Mekka</a> og <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a>), var det meste av det som skulle verta Saudi-Arabia busett av nomadiske stammesamfunn i den ugjestmilde ørkenen.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Den <a href="/wiki/Profetar_i_islam" title="Profetar i islam">islamske profeten</a> <a href="/wiki/Muhammed" title="Muhammed">Muhammed</a> var fødd i Mekka kring 571 evt. Tidleg på 600-talet samla Muhammed dei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stammer_i_Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stammer i Arabia (sida finst ikkje)">ulike stammene på halvøya</a> og skapte ei enkel, islamsk, religiøs eining. Etter at han døydde i 632 utvida fylgjarane hans snøgt området under muslimsk styre til utanfor Arabia, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muslimske_erobringar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muslimske erobringar (sida finst ikkje)">og tok enorme landområde</a> (frå <a href="/wiki/Iberia" class="mw-redirect" title="Iberia">Iberia</a> i vest til dagens <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> i aust) i løpet av berre tiår. Med dette vart <a href="/wiki/Arabia" class="mw-disambig" title="Arabia">Arabia</a> snøgt ein politisk perifer region i <a href="/wiki/Den_muslimske_verda" title="Den muslimske verda">den muslimske verda</a> då fokuset skifte til <a href="/wiki/Kalifat" title="Kalifat">meir utvikla, erobra land</a>.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> Frå 900-talet til tidleg på 1900-talet var Mekka og Medina kontrollert av ein lokal arabisk herskar kalla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sharifen_av_Mekka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sharifen av Mekka (sida finst ikkje)">sharifen av Mekka</a>, men det meste av tida svor sharifen truskap til herskaren i eit av dei store islamske rika basert i <a href="/wiki/Bagdad" title="Bagdad">Bagdad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kairo" title="Kairo">Kairo</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>. Det meste av resten av det som skulle verta Saudi-Arabia gjekk attende til tradisjonelt stammestyre.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica_history-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> På 1500-talet la <a href="/wiki/Det_osmanske_riket" title="Det osmanske riket">Det osmanske riket</a> under seg kysten av <a href="/wiki/Raudehavet" title="Raudehavet">Raudehavet</a> og <a href="/wiki/Persiabukta" title="Persiabukta">Persiabukta</a> (Hejaz, <a href="/wiki/%27Asir-provinsen" class="mw-redirect" title="'Asir-provinsen">Asir</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aust-Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aust-Arabia (sida finst ikkje)">Al-Ahsa</a>) til riket sitt og kravde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suzerenitet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suzerenitet (sida finst ikkje)">overherredøme</a> i dei indre områda. Ei av årsakene var å <a href="/w/index.php?title=Osmanske_marineekspeidsjonar_i_Indiahavet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osmanske marineekspeidsjonar i Indiahavet (sida finst ikkje)">hindra portugisiske freistnader</a> på å åtaka Raudehavet (difor Hejaz) og <a href="/wiki/Indiahavet" title="Indiahavet">Indiahavet</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Bernstein-31">[31]</a> Kor mykje kontroll osmanane hadde over desse områda varierte dei neste fire hundreåra i takt med styrken og veikskapen til den sentrale styresmakta.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> Det som skulle verta den saudiarabiske kongefamilien, kjend som Al Saud, kom til i <a href="/wiki/Nejd" class="mw-redirect" title="Nejd">Nejd</a> i det sentrale Arabia i 1744, då <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_bin_Saud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad bin Saud (sida finst ikkje)">Muhammad bin Saud</a>, grunnleggjaren av dynastiet, slo seg saman med den religiøse leiaren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_ibn_Abd_al-Wahhab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab (sida finst ikkje)">Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab</a>,<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> som grunnla Wahhabi-rørsla, ei streng, puritansk form for <a href="/wiki/Sunniislam" title="Sunniislam">sunniislam</a>.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> Denne alliansen oppstod på 1700-talet og gav den ideologiske drivkrafta til den saudiarabiske ekspansjonen og er framleis grunnlaget til det saudiarabiske dynastiet i dag.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Den fyrste «Saudi-staten» vart skipa i 1744 i området kring <a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a>, og utvida seg snøgt og ei kort stund kontrollerte dei det meste av området som er dagens Saudi-Arabia,<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> men vart øydelagd i 1818 av den osmanske statthaldaren i <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammed_Ali_av_Egypt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammed Ali av Egypt (sida finst ikkje)">Mohammed Ali Pasha</a>.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Ein mykje mindre, andre «Saudi-stat», som hovudsakleg låg i Nejd, vart grunnlagd i 1824. Gjennom resten av 1800-talet, kjempa Al Saud om å få kontroll over dei indre områda av det som skulle verta Saudi-Arabia med ein annan arabisk herskarfamilie, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rashidi-dynastiet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rashidi-dynastiet (sida finst ikkje)">Al Rashid</a>. Innan 1891 hadde Al Rashid sigra og Al Saud-familien vart drivne i eksil til <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica_history-29">[29]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Ibn_Saud_1945.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Ibn_Saud_1945.jpg/220px-Ibn_Saud_1945.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="325" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Ibn_Saud_1945.jpg/330px-Ibn_Saud_1945.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Ibn_Saud_1945.jpg/440px-Ibn_Saud_1945.jpg 2x" data-file-width="749" data-file-height="1107" /></a><figcaption>Abdul Aziz <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Saud" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Saud">Ibn Saud</a>, den fyrste kongen av Saudi-Arabia.</figcaption></figure> På byrjinga av 1900-talet hadde <a href="/wiki/Det_osmanske_riket" title="Det osmanske riket">Det osmanske riket</a> framleis kontroll eller overherredøme over det meste av halvøya. Under dette overherredømet vart Arabia styrt av eit lappeteppe av stammehovdingar,<a href="#cite_note-Murphy-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> medan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sharifen_av_Mekka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sharifen av Mekka (sida finst ikkje)">sharifen av Mekka</a> hadde førerang og styrte Hejaz.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> I 1902 tok son til Rahman, Abdul Aziz—seinare kjend som <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Saud" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Saud">Ibn Saud</a>—attende kontrollen over Riyadh og førte Al Saud-familien attende til Nejd.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica_history-29">[29]</a> Ibn Saud fekk støtte hos <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ikhwan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ikhwan (sida finst ikkje)">Ikhwan</a>, ein stammehær inspirert av wahhabisme og leia av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Faisal_Al-Dawish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faisal Al-Dawish (sida finst ikkje)">Faisal Al-Dawish</a>, og som hadde vakse snøgt etter han vart oppretta i 1912.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> Med støtte frå Ikhwan, tok Ibn Saud <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aust-Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aust-Arabia (sida finst ikkje)">Al-Ahsa</a> frå osmanane i 1913. I 1916, etter oppfordring og støtte frå Storbritannia (som kjempa mot osmanane i den <a href="/wiki/Fyrste_verdskrigen" class="mw-redirect" title="Fyrste verdskrigen">fyrste verdskrigen</a>), leia sharifen av Mekka, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hussein_bin_Ali_av_Mekka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hussein bin Ali av Mekka (sida finst ikkje)">Hussein bin Ali</a>, eit <a href="/w/index.php?title=Det_arabiske_oppr%C3%B8ret&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Det arabiske opprøret (sida finst ikkje)">pan-arabisk opprør</a> mot Det osmanske riket for å skapa ein samla, arabisk stat.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> Sjølv om det arabiske opprøret frå 1916 til 1918 ikkje oppnådde målet sitt, førte sigeren til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dei_allierte_i_fyrste_verdskrigen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dei allierte i fyrste verdskrigen (sida finst ikkje)">dei allierte</a> i den fyrste verdskrigen til slutten for osmansk overherredøme og kontroll i Arabia.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Ibn Saud slapp å verta involvert i det arabiske opprøret, og heldt i staden fram kampen sin mot Al Rashid. Etter at Al Rashid omsider tapte kampen, tok Ibn Saud tittelen sultan av Nejd i 1921. Med hjelp frå Ikhwan vart Hejaz erobra i 1924–25 og den 10. januar 1926, erklærte Ibn Saud seg som konge av <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" class="mw-redirect" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a>.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Eit år seinare la han til tittelen konge av Nejd. Dei neste fem åra styrte han dei to delane av det doble kongedømet sitt som to fråskilde einingar.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica_history-29">[29]</a> Etter erobringa av Hejaz byrja Ikhwan å sjå seg om etter høve til å utvida wahhabist-styret inn i det britiske protektoratet <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emiratet_Transjordan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emiratet Transjordan (sida finst ikkje)">Transjordan</a>, Irak og Kuwait, og byrja å raida desse territoria. Dette møtte motstand hjå Ibn Saud då han innsåg faren med ein direkte konflikt med britane. Samstundes mislikte Ikhwan innanrikspolitikken til Ibn Saud, som verka å favorisera modernisering og auka talet på ikkje-muslimske utlendingar i landet. Dei vende seg difor mot Ibn Saud og etter ein to år lang kamp vart dei slegne i 1930 i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slaget_ved_Sabilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slaget ved Sabilla (sida finst ikkje)">slaget ved Sabilla</a>, der leiarane deira vart massakrerte.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> I 1932 vart dei to kongedøma Hejaz og Nejd slegne saman til Kongedømet Saudi-Arabia.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica_history-29">[29]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etter_samlinga">Etter samlinga</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Endre bolk: Etter samlinga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Etter samlinga">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Arabia_Saudi_political.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Arabia_Saudi_political.jpg/220px-Arabia_Saudi_political.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Arabia_Saudi_political.jpg/330px-Arabia_Saudi_political.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Arabia_Saudi_political.jpg/440px-Arabia_Saudi_political.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1010" data-file-height="1179" /></a><figcaption>Politisk kart over Saudi-Arabia.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Saudi_Arabia_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Saudi_Arabia_map.png/220px-Saudi_Arabia_map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Saudi_Arabia_map.png/330px-Saudi_Arabia_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Saudi_Arabia_map.png/440px-Saudi_Arabia_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1494" data-file-height="1464" /></a><figcaption>Kongedømet Saudi-Arabia etter samlinga i 1932.</figcaption></figure> Det nye kongedømet var eit av dei fattigaste landa i verda, avhengig av avgrensa inntekter frå jordbruk og pilegrimar.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> Men i 1938 vart det funne <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">olje</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aust-Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aust-Arabia (sida finst ikkje)">Al-Ahsa</a>-regionen langs kysten av Persiabukta, og oljeutvinning i stor skala byrja i 1941 under det amerikansk-kontrollerte <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Aramco" title="Saudi Aramco">Aramco (Arabian American Oil Company)</a>. Olja betra dei økonomiske tilhøva i Saudi-Arabia og gav dei stor politisk makt internasjonalt. Kulturlivet utvikla seg snøgt, hovudsakleg i Hejaz, som var senteret for aviser og radio. Det store inntoget av utlendingar som arbeidde i oljeindustrien auka det alt eksisterande <a href="/w/index.php?title=Framandhat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Framandhat (sida finst ikkje)">framandhatet</a>. Samstundes vart styret i landet stadig meir øydslande og drusteleg. I 1950-åra hadde dette ført til store statlege underskot og store utanlandslån.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica_history-29">[29]</a> I 1953 overtok <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saud_av_Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saud av Saudi-Arabia (sida finst ikkje)">prins Saud bin Abdulaziz</a> som konge av Saudi-Arabia, då faren døydde. Det oppstod ei intens rivalisering mellom kong Saud bin Abdulaziz og halvbroren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Faisal_av_Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faisal av Saudi-Arabia (sida finst ikkje)">prins Faisal bin Abdulaziz</a>, driven av tvil i kongefamilien om Saud var kompetent nok. Som fylgje av dette vart Saud avsett til gagn for Faisal i 1964. I 1972 fekk Saudi-Arabia kontroll over ein del (20 %) av Aramco, og minka dimed den amerikanske kontrollen over den saudiarabiske olja. I 1973 leia Saudi-Arabia ein oljeboikott mot vestlege land som støtta Israel i <a href="/wiki/Yom_Kippur-krigen" class="mw-redirect" title="Yom Kippur-krigen">Yom Kippur-krigen</a> mot Egypt og Syria. Oljeprisane firedobla seg.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica_history-29">[29]</a> I 1975 vart Faisal myrda av nevøen prins <a href="/w/index.php?title=Faisal_bin_Musaid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faisal bin Musaid (sida finst ikkje)">Faisal bin Musaid</a> og vart etterfylgd av halvbroren <a href="/wiki/Khalid_av_Saudi-Arabia" title="Khalid av Saudi-Arabia">kong Khalid</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Al-Rasheed_136-137-48">[48]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Saudi_Arabia_2003_CIA_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Saudi_Arabia_2003_CIA_map.jpg/220px-Saudi_Arabia_2003_CIA_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Saudi_Arabia_2003_CIA_map.jpg/330px-Saudi_Arabia_2003_CIA_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Saudi_Arabia_2003_CIA_map.jpg/440px-Saudi_Arabia_2003_CIA_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1827" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Dei administrative regionane og vegar i Saudi-Arabia.</figcaption></figure> I 1976 hadde Saudi-Arabia vorte den største oljeprodusenten i verda.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> Under Khalid vart det ekstremt snøgt økonomisk og sosial framgang, og infrastrukturen og utdanningssystemet vart endra i landet;<a href="#cite_note-Britannica_history-29">[29]</a> i utanrikspolitikken vart det danna tette band til USA.<a href="#cite_note-Al-Rasheed_136-137-48">[48]</a> I 1979 kom det til to hendingar som skapte djup uro hjå styresmaktene<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> og som hadde langvarig innverknad på saudiarabisk utanriks- og innanrikspolitikk. Det fyrste var <a href="/wiki/Den_iranske_revolusjonen" title="Den iranske revolusjonen">den iransk-islamske revolusjonen</a>. Ein frykta at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sjiaislam_i_Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjiaislam i Saudi-Arabia (sida finst ikkje)">sjia-minoriteten</a> i <a href="/wiki/Austprovinsen_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Austprovinsen i Saudi-Arabia">Austprovinsen</a> i landet (der oljefelta ligg) skulle gjera opprør etter å ha vorte inspirert av sine iranske, religiøse brør. Og det kom til fleire antistatlege opprør i regionen i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatif-oppr%C3%B8ret_i_1979&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qatif-opprøret i 1979 (sida finst ikkje)">1979 og 1980</a>. Den andre hendinga var <a href="/w/index.php?title=Erobringa_av_Stormoskeen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erobringa av Stormoskeen (sida finst ikkje)">erobringa av Stormoskeen i Mekka av islamittiske ekstremistar</a>. Dei militante som var involverte var til dels arge på det dei rekna for å vera fordervet og den uislamske karakteren til Saudi-regjeringa.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> Styresmaktene fekk kontroll over moskeen etter ti dagar, og ekstremistane vart avretta. Ein del av svaret til kongefamilien var å utøva mykje strengare oppsyn av tradisjonelle religiøse og sosiale normer i landet (til dømes vart kinoane stengde) og å gje <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulema (sida finst ikkje)">Ulema</a> ei større rolle i regjeringa.<a href="#cite_note-Hegghammer24-52">[52]</a> Ingen av delane verka skikkeleg sidan <a href="/wiki/Islamisme" title="Islamisme">islamismen</a> voks seg sterkare.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Dammam_No._7_on_March_4,_1938.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Dammam_No._7_on_March_4%2C_1938.jpg/220px-Dammam_No._7_on_March_4%2C_1938.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Dammam_No._7_on_March_4%2C_1938.jpg/330px-Dammam_No._7_on_March_4%2C_1938.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/Dammam_No._7_on_March_4%2C_1938.jpg 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="420" /></a><figcaption>Dammam nr. 7, den første kommersielle oljebrunnen i Saudi-Arabia, fann olje den 4. mars 1938.</figcaption></figure> I 1980 tok Saudi-Arabia full kontroll over Aramco frå USA. Kong Khalid døydde av eit hjarteinfarkt i juni 1982, og vart etterfylgd av broren sin, <a href="/wiki/Fahd_av_Saudi-Arabia" title="Fahd av Saudi-Arabia">kong Fahd</a>, som la til tittelen «verjar for Dei to heilage moskeane» i namnet sitt i 1986 etter at fundamentalistar la press på han for å unngå å bruka «majestet» i noko som hadde tilknyting til Gud. Fahd heldt fram med å dyrka eit tett samband til USA og auka kjøpa av amerikansk og britisk militærutstyr.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica_history-29">[29]</a> Den enorme rikdomen som oljeinntektene skapte var i ferd med å få endå større innverknad på det saudiarabiske samfunnet. Det førte til snøgg teknologisk (men ikkje kulturell) modernisering, urbanisering, meir offentleg utdanning og framkome av nye medium. Dette og stadig fleire utanlandske arbeidarar råka dei tradisjonelle saudiarabiske normene og verdiane. Sjølv om det var dramatiske endringar i sosialt og økonomisk liv i landet heldt kongefamilien framleis monopol på den politiske makta<a href="#cite_note-Britannica_history-29">[29]</a> noko som førte til misnøye hjå mange saudiarabarar som ynskte ei breiare regjering.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> I 1980-åra nytta Saudi-Arabia 25 mrd. dollar i støtte til <a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_iransk-irakiske_krigen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den iransk-irakiske krigen (sida finst ikkje)">den iransk-irakiske krigen</a>.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> Men Saudi-Arabia fordømde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasjonen_av_Kuwait&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Invasjonen av Kuwait (sida finst ikkje)">den irakiske invasjonen av Kuwait i 1990</a> og bad USA om å gå mellom.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica_history-29">[29]</a> Kong Fahd tillét amerikanske troppar og koalisjonstroppar å verta stasjonerte i Saudi-Arabia. Han gav den kuwaitiske regjeringa og mange av borgarane opphald Saudi-Arabia, men dreiv ut borgarar av Jemen og Jordan fordi regjeringane deira støtta Irak. I 1991 var saudiarabiske styrkar involverte i bombetokt i Irak og i landinvasjonen som var med å frigjera Kuwait. Tilhøvet mellom Saudi-Arabia og vesten byrja å skapa aukande uro hjå somme medlemer av ulemaen og studentar av sjarialova og var ei av sakene som førte til auka islamsk terrorisme i Saudi-Arabia, i tillegg til islamske terroriståtak i vestlege land av saudiarabiske borgarar. <a href="/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a> var saudiarabar (før han vart fråteken borgarskapet i 1994). 15 av 19 flykaprarar som var involverte i <a href="/wiki/11._september-%C3%A5taka" class="mw-redirect" title="11. september-åtaka">11. september-åtaka</a> mot New York, Washington og Virginia var saudiarabarar.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> Mange saudiarabarar som ikkje støtta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamsistisk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamsistisk (sida finst ikkje)">islamsistiske</a> terroristar var likevel særs misnøgd med politikken til regjeringa.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> Islamisme var ikkje den einaste kjelda til fiendskap mot regjeringa. Sjølv om landet no var ekstremt rikt var økonomien i Saudi-Arabia nær stagnert. Høge skattar og veksande arbeidsløyse medverka til misnøye mot kongefamilien. Som svar vart fleire avgrensa «reformer» sett i verk av kong Fahd. I mars 1992 introduserte han «<a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_saudiarabiske_grunnlova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den saudiarabiske grunnlova (sida finst ikkje)">grunnlova</a>», som framheva pliktene og ansvarstilhøva til ein herskar. I desember 1993 vart Samarbeidsutvalet skipa. Det hadde ein rådmann og 60 medlemer, alle valde av kongen. Målet til kongen var å stogga misnøya, men samstundes gjera så få endringar som råd.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kjelder" title="Wikipedia:Kjelder">treng kjelde</a>] Fahd gjorde det klårt at han ikkje hadde demokrati i tankane: «Eit system basert på val er ikkje konsistent med den islamske trua vår, som [tykkjer om] styring via rådlegging [shūrā].»<a href="#cite_note-Britannica_history-29">[29]</a> I 1995 vart Fahd råka av hjerneslag og kronprinsen <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_av_Saudi-Arabia" title="Abdullah av Saudi-Arabia">Abdullah</a> tok over rolla som <a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a> <a href="/wiki/Regent" title="Regent">regent</a>, og tok over den daglege drifta av landet. Autoriteten hans vart hindra av ein konflikt med brørne til Fahd (i lag med Fahd kalla «<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dei_sju_Sudairi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dei sju Sudairi (sida finst ikkje)">dei sju Sudairi</a>»).<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> Frå 1990-åra heldt misnøya mot regjeringa fram og i 2003 og 2004 var det ei rekkje bombeåtak og væpna vald i Riyadh, <a href="/wiki/Jeddah" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeddah">Jeddah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yanbu" title="Yanbu">Yanbu</a> og <a href="/wiki/Khobar" class="mw-redirect" title="Khobar">Khobar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Cordesman_2009-59">[59]</a> I februar-april 2005 vart dei aller fyrste kommunale vala haldne i Saudi-Arabia. Kvinner hadde ikkje røysterett.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica_history-29">[29]</a> I 2005 døydde kong Fahd og vart etterfylgd av Abdullah, som heldt fram med avgrensa reformer og slo hardt ned på demonstrasjonar. Kongen innførte ei rekkje økonomiske reformer for å gjera landet mindre avhengig av oljeinntektene: avgrensa deregulering, oppfordring til utanlandske investeringar og privatisering. I februar 2009 annonserte <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_av_Saudi-Arabia" title="Abdullah av Saudi-Arabia">Abdullah</a> ei rekkje statlege endringar i domstolane, dei væpna styrkane og ulike departement for å modernisera desse institusjonane, mellom anna med å byta gamle utpeikte menn i domstolane og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamsk_religi%C3%B8st_politi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamsk religiøst politi (sida finst ikkje)">Mutaween</a> (religiøst politi) med meir moderate og å utpeika den fyrste kvinnelege viseministeren.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica_history-29">[29]</a> Den 29. januar 2011 samla hundrevis av demonstrantar seg i byen <a href="/wiki/Jeddah" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeddah">Jeddah</a> for å kritisera den dålege infrastrukturen i byen etter ein døyeleg flaum råka byen og elleve personar miste livet.<a href="#cite_note-Montreal-60">[60]</a> Politiet stogga demonstrasjonane etter kring 15 minutt og arresterte 30 til 50 personar.<a href="#cite_note-Reuters_Dozens_detained-61">[61]</a> Sidan 2011 har Saudi-Arabia vorte råka av sine eigne <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudiarabiske_demonstrasjonar_2011%E2%80%932013&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saudiarabiske demonstrasjonar 2011–2013 (sida finst ikkje)">opprør i Den arabiske våren</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Fisk_troops-62">[62]</a> Som svar annonserte kong Abdullah den 22. februar 2011 ei rekkje goder til borgarane som kosta 36 mrd. dollar, der 10,7 mrd. var øyremerkte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bustadbygging&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bustadbygging (sida finst ikkje)">bustadbygging</a>.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Det vart ikkje annonsert politiske reformer som ein del av pakka, men somme fangar dømde for økonomisk kriminalitet vart sette fri.<a href="#cite_note-AlJazeeraEnglishBenefits-66">[66]</a> Den 18. mars same året annonserte kong Abdullah ei pakke på 93 mrd. dollar, mellom anna 500 000 nye bustader for 67 mrd. dollar, i tillegg til å skapa 60 000 nye tryggleiksjobbar.<a href="#cite_note-theguardian1-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> Eit nytt kommuneval vart halde 29. september 2011, igjen berre for menn,<a href="#cite_note-alawsat_details-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-bloom_women-70">[70]</a> og Abdullah annonserte at kvinner ville få høve til å røysta og verta valde i kommunevalet i 2015, og å verta nominerte til Shura-rådet.<a href="#cite_note-oman_observer_electionday-71">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politikk">Politikk</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Endre bolk: Politikk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Politikk">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Saudi-Arabia er eit <a href="/wiki/Absolutt_monarki" class="mw-redirect" title="Absolutt monarki">absolutt monarki</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Cavendish78-72">[72]</a> Men i fylgje <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_saudiarabiske_grunnlova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den saudiarabiske grunnlova (sida finst ikkje)">den saudiarabiske grunnlova</a> som vart innført med ein kongeleg resolusjon i 1992, må kongen fylgja <a href="/wiki/Sjaria" title="Sjaria">sjaria</a> (islamsk lov) og <a href="/wiki/Koranen" title="Koranen">Koranen</a>, medan Koranen og <a href="/wiki/Sunnah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunnah">Sunnah</a> (Muhammed-tradisjonane) er erklært å vera grunnlova til landet.<a href="#cite_note-Gerhard-73">[73]</a> Det er ikkje lov med politiske parti eller nasjonale val.<a href="#cite_note-Cavendish78-72">[72]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a> har rangert den saudiarabiske regjeringa som den femte mest autoritere regjeringa av 167 på <a href="/w/index.php?title=Demokratiindeksen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demokratiindeksen (sida finst ikkje)">Demokratiindeksen</a> i 2012,<a href="#cite_note-EIU-13">[13]</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Freedom_House&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Freedom House (sida finst ikkje)">Freedom House</a> gav landet den lågaste klassa «Ikkje fritt», 7.0 («1=best, 7=verst») for 2013.<a href="#cite_note-FH2013-14">[14]</a> Utan nasjonale val og politiske parti<a href="#cite_note-Cavendish78-72">[72]</a> finn politikken i Saudi-Arabia stad på to fråskilde arenaer: innanfor kongefamilien, Al Saud, og mellom kongefamilien og resten av det saudiarabiske samfunnet.<a href="#cite_note-Noreng97-74">[74]</a> Utanfor Al-Saud er deltakinga i politiske prosessar avgrensa til ein relativt liten del av folkesetnaden og tek form av kongelege familiekonsultasjonar med ulemaen, stamme-sjeikar og medlemer av viktige handelsfamiliar i viktige saker.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica-75">[75]</a> Denne prosessen vert ikkje rapportert av saudiarabisk medium.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Etter sedvane har alle vaksne menn rett til å søkja kongen direkte gjennom det tradisjonelle stammemøtet kalla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Majlis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majlis (sida finst ikkje)">majlis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Cavendish92-77">[77]</a> På mange måtar er styret av landet lite ulikt frå det tradisjonelle stammesystemet. Stammeidentiteten er framleis sterk og utanfor kongefamilien vert den politiske innverknaden ofte avgjort av kva stamme ein høyrer til, der stamme-sjeikane har ein stor grad av makt over lokale og nasjonale saker.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica-75">[75]</a> Som nemnd tidlegare, har det i nyare år vore gjort små steg for å utvida den politiske deltakinga, som å skipa Samarbeidsutvalet tidleg i 1990-åra og Det nasjonale dialogforumet i 2003.<a href="#cite_note-Al-Rasheed242-78">[78]</a> Styret til Al Saud møter politisk motstand frå fire kantar: <a href="/wiki/Sunni" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunni">Sunni</a><a href="/wiki/Islamist" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamist">islamistisk</a> aktivisme, liberale kritikarar, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sjiaislam_i_Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjiaislam i Saudi-Arabia (sida finst ikkje)">sjia-minoriteten</a>—særleg i <a href="/wiki/Austprovinsen_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Austprovinsen i Saudi-Arabia">Austprovinsen</a>; og dei langvarige stamme- og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regionalisme_i_politikk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regionalisme i politikk (sida finst ikkje)">regionalistiske</a> partikularistiske motstandarane (til dømes i <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" class="mw-redirect" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a>).<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> Av desse har dei islamske aktivistane vore den mest markante trugselen til regjeringa og dei har i dei seinare åra stått for fleire terrorhandlingar i landet.<a href="#cite_note-Cordesman_2009-59">[59]</a> Opne demonstrasjonar mot regjeringa, sjølv fredlege, er derimot ikkje tolerert. Saudi-Arabia er det einaste landet i verda der kvinner ikkje har lov å køyra bil.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> Den 25. september 2011 annonserte <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_av_Saudi-Arabia" title="Abdullah av Saudi-Arabia">kong Abdullah</a> at kvinner skal få lov til å røysta i framtidige val og å delta i Shura-rådet som fullverdige medlemer.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Monarkiet_og_kongefamilien">Monarkiet og kongefamilien</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Endre bolk: Monarkiet og kongefamilien" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Monarkiet og kongefamilien">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Arrival_ceremony_welcoming_King_Faisal_of_Saudi_Arabia_05-27-1971.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Arrival_ceremony_welcoming_King_Faisal_of_Saudi_Arabia_05-27-1971.jpg/220px-Arrival_ceremony_welcoming_King_Faisal_of_Saudi_Arabia_05-27-1971.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Arrival_ceremony_welcoming_King_Faisal_of_Saudi_Arabia_05-27-1971.jpg/330px-Arrival_ceremony_welcoming_King_Faisal_of_Saudi_Arabia_05-27-1971.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Arrival_ceremony_welcoming_King_Faisal_of_Saudi_Arabia_05-27-1971.jpg/440px-Arrival_ceremony_welcoming_King_Faisal_of_Saudi_Arabia_05-27-1971.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2959" data-file-height="2011" /></a><figcaption>Kong <a href="/w/index.php?title=Faisal_av_Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faisal av Saudi-Arabia (sida finst ikkje)">Faisal av Saudi-Arabia</a> med den amerikanske presidenten <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>.</figcaption></figure> Kongen har lovgjevingsmakt, utøvande makt og domsmakt<a href="#cite_note-Britannica-75">[75]</a> og kongelege resolusjonar dannar grunnlaget for lovgjevinga i landet.<a href="#cite_note-Campbell-82">[82]</a> Kongen er òg statsminister og leiar Ministerrådet, som er sett saman av fyrste- og andreviseministrar og andre ministrar. Kongefamilien dominerer det politiske systemet. Dei mange familiemedlemene gjer at det er råd for dei å kontrollera dei viktigaste stillingane i kongedømet og å vera involverte på alle nivå i staten.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> Talet på prinsar er estimert til å vera minst 7 000, og talet på dei mest mektige er kring 200, alle mannlege etterkomarar av Ibn Saud.<a href="#cite_note-FT_Saud-84">[84]</a> Dei viktigaste ministerpostane er reservert for kongefamilien,<a href="#cite_note-Cavendish78-72">[72]</a> og det same er dei tretten guvernørstillingane i landet.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> Langvarige politiske og statlege utpeikte stillingar har ført til at det er skapt «maktdøme» for eldre prinsar,<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> slik som dei for kong Abdullah, som hadde vore kommandant i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_saudiarabiske_nasjonalgarden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den saudiarabiske nasjonalgarden (sida finst ikkje)">nasjonalgarden</a> sidan 1963 (fram til 2010, då han utpeikte sonen sin til å ta over etter seg),<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> tidlegare <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultan_bin_Abdulaziz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sultan bin Abdulaziz (sida finst ikkje)">kronprins Sultan</a>, som var forsvarsminister frå 1962 til han døydde i 2011, tidlegare kronprins <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayef_bin_Abdul_Aziz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nayef bin Abdul Aziz (sida finst ikkje)">Nayef</a> som var innanriksminister frå 1975 til han døydde i 2012, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saud_bin_Faisal_bin_Abdulaziz_Al_Saud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saud bin Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (sida finst ikkje)">prins Saud</a> som har vore utanriksminister sidan 1975<a href="#cite_note-bio-88">[88]</a> og den noverande <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salman_bin_Abdulaziz_Al_Saud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (sida finst ikkje)">kong Salman</a>, som var forsvarsminister før han vart kronprins og guvernør i <a href="/wiki/Riyadh-provinsen" class="mw-redirect" title="Riyadh-provinsen">Riyadh-provinsen</a> frå 1962 til 2011.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> Kongefamilien er politisk delt av fraksjonar basert på lojalitet til klanar, personlege ambisjonar og ideologiske skilnader.<a href="#cite_note-Noreng97-74">[74]</a> Den mektigaste klanen vart kalla '<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudairi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sudairi (sida finst ikkje)">dei sju Sudari</a>', som den avdøde kong Fahd og heilbrørne hans høyrde til, i tillegg til etterkomarane deira.<a href="#cite_note-Economist_Succession-90">[90]</a> Dei ideologiske skilnadene går mellom anna på kor snøgt ein skal gjennomføra reformene og kva retning dei skal ta,<a href="#cite_note-Kostiner236-91">[91]</a> og om rolla til ulemaen skal aukast eller minkast. Det har vore splid i familien over kven som skal overta trona etter prins Sultan.<a href="#cite_note-Economist_Succession-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-David33-92">[92]</a> Då prins Sultan døydde før han kunne ta over trona den 21. oktober 2011, utpeikte kong Abdullah prins Nayef som kronprins.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> Året etter døydde òg prins Nayef før han tok over trona.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Salman_bin_Abdull_aziz_December_9,_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Salman_bin_Abdull_aziz_December_9%2C_2013.jpg/220px-Salman_bin_Abdull_aziz_December_9%2C_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Salman_bin_Abdull_aziz_December_9%2C_2013.jpg/330px-Salman_bin_Abdull_aziz_December_9%2C_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Salman_bin_Abdull_aziz_December_9%2C_2013.jpg/440px-Salman_bin_Abdull_aziz_December_9%2C_2013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1360" data-file-height="1386" /></a><figcaption>Kong <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salman_bin_Abdulaziz_Al_Saud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (sida finst ikkje)">Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud</a> arva makta i 2015.</figcaption></figure> Den saudiarabiske staten og kongefamilien har ofte, over mange år, vore skulda for korrupsjon.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a><a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> I eit land som er sagt å «høyra til» kongefamilien og er kalla opp etter dei,<a href="#cite_note-Kamrava-23">[23]</a> er linene mellom statleg eigedom og personleg rikdom uklåre.<a href="#cite_note-FT_Saud-84">[84]</a> Graden av korrupsjon er skildra som systematisk<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> og endemisk,<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> og ein har innrømt<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> og forsvart<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> at det pågår, av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bandar_bin_Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bandar bin Sultan (sida finst ikkje)">prins Bandar bin Sultan</a> (ein eldre medlem av kongefamilien<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a>) i eit intervju i 2001.<a href="#cite_note-PBS-109">[109]</a> Sjølv om skuldingane om korrupsjon ofte er avgrensa til vide, udokumenterte skuldingar,<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> kom det fram spesifikke skuldingar i 2007, då det vart hevda at britiske forsvarsleverandøren <a href="/w/index.php?title=BAE_Systems&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BAE Systems (sida finst ikkje)">BAE Systems</a> hadde betalt prins Bandar 2 mrd. dollar i muting i samband med ei våpenavtale.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Prins Bandar nekta for skuldingane.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> Undersøkingar av både amerikanske og britiske styresmakter førte i 2010 til ei delvis tilståing hjå selskapet, som måtte betala 447 millionar i bot, men innrømte likevel ikkje å driva med korrupsjon.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> <a href="/wiki/Transparency_International" title="Transparency International">Transparency International</a> gav i sin årlege <a href="/wiki/Corruption_Perceptions_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Corruption Perceptions Index">Corruption Perceptions Index</a> for 2010 Saudi-Arabia ein score på 4,7 (på ein skala frå 0 til 10, der 0 er «særs korrupt» og 10 er «særs rein»).<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> Saudi-Arabia har gått gjennom ein prosess med politiske og sosiale reformer, som auka offentleg innsikt og godt styre. Men <a href="/wiki/Nepotisme" title="Nepotisme">nepotisme</a> og vern er omfattande når ein gjer forretningar i landet. Innføringa av antikorrupsjonslover er selektive og embetsmenn driv korrupsjon utan å verta straffa for det. Det har vore aukande press for å reformera og modernisera styret til kongefamilien, noko kong Abdullah prøvde på både før og etter han tok over trona i 2005. Innføringa av Rådgjevingsutvalet tidleg i 1990-åra tilfredstilte ikkje kravet om politisk deltaking og i 2003 vart det annonsert eit årleg Nasjonalt dialogforum der visse fagfolk og intellektuelle offentleg skulle debattera pågåande nasjonale saker, innanfor visse føresette rammer. I 2005 vart dei fyrste kommunevala haldne og i 2007 vart det skapt eit Truskapsråd for å regulera arverekkefylgja.<a href="#cite_note-Al-Rasheed242-78">[78]</a> I 2009 gjorde kongen store endringar i personalet i staten ved å utpeika reformatorar i nykelstillingar og han gav den fyrste kvinna ein ministerpost.<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> Desse endringane er vortne kritiserte for å vera for langsame eller berre kosmetiske.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Al_ash-Sheikh_og_rolla_til_ulemaen">Al ash-Sheikh og rolla til ulemaen</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Endre bolk: Al ash-Sheikh og rolla til ulemaen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Al ash-Sheikh og rolla til ulemaen">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Saudi-Arabia er nesten unikt i at det har gjeve <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulema (sida finst ikkje)">ulemaen</a> (organet for islamske religiøse leiarar og juristar) ei direkte rolle i styringa av staten,<a href="#cite_note-Goldstein118-119">[119]</a> og det einaste andre dømet er <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> Ulemaen har òg ei viktig rolle i store statlege avgjerder, til dømes innføringa av <a href="/wiki/Oljekrisa_i_1973" title="Oljekrisa i 1973">oljeboikotten i 1973</a> og <a href="/wiki/Golfkrigen" title="Golfkrigen">invitasjonen av utanlandske soldatar til Saudi-Arabia i 1990</a>.<a href="#cite_note-meforum.org-121">[121]</a> I tillegg har dei hatt ei stor rolle i retts- og utdanningssystemet<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> og monopol på saker innan religiøs og sosial moral.<a href="#cite_note-Hassner-123">[123]</a> I 1970-åra, som fylgje av oljerikdomen og moderniseringa av landet starta av kong Faisal, skjedde det store endringar i det saudiarabiske samfunnet og makta til ulemaen vart svekt.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> Dette endra seg derimot etter kapringa av Stormoskeen i Mekka i 1979 av <a href="/wiki/Islamist" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamist">islamistiske</a> radikale.<a href="#cite_note-Abir21-125">[125]</a> Svaret til staten var å styrkja makta til ulemaen og auka den økonomiske støtta deira:<a href="#cite_note-Hegghammer24-52">[52]</a> dei fekk særleg større kontroll over utdanningssystemet<a href="#cite_note-Abir21-125">[125]</a> og innførte strengare kontroll over Wahhabi-reglane for moral og sosial åtferd.<a href="#cite_note-Hegghammer24-52">[52]</a> Etter kong Abdullah tok over trona i 2005 tok han steg for å minska makta til ulemaen, til dømes ved å overføra kontrollen over kvinneleg utdanning til utdanningsdepartementet.<a href="#cite_note-NYT_Abdullah-126">[126]</a> Ulemaen har historisk vore leia av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_ash-Sheikh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al ash-Sheikh (sida finst ikkje)">Al ash-Sheikh</a>,<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> den leiande religiøse familien i landet.<a href="#cite_note-Hassner-123">[123]</a> Al ash-Sheikh er etterkomarar etter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_ibn_Abd_al-Wahhab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab (sida finst ikkje)">Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab</a>, som på 1700-talet grunnla wahhabi-forma av <a href="/wiki/Sunniislam" title="Sunniislam">sunniislam</a>, som i dag er dominerande i Saudi-Arabia.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> Familien er berre bak Al Saud (kongefamilien) i prestisje<a href="#cite_note-Long11-129">[129]</a> og dei to familiane har ein «felles støttepakt»<a href="#cite_note-IBP-130">[130]</a> og maktfordelingsarrangement som har vart i nesten 300 år.<a href="#cite_note-meforum.org-121">[121]</a> Sjølv om dominansen til Al ash-Sheikh-familien i ulemaen har vorte svekt dei siste tiåra,<a href="#cite_note-Mattar-131">[131]</a> har dei framleis viktige religiøse stillingar og er nært knytt til Al Saud-familien ved innbyrdes ekteskap.<a href="#cite_note-Hassner-123">[123]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rettssystem">Rettssystem</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Endre bolk: Rettssystem" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=8" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Rettssystem">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Iqra.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Iqra.jpg/220px-Iqra.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Iqra.jpg/330px-Iqra.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Iqra.jpg/440px-Iqra.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="416" /></a><figcaption>Vers frå Koranen. <a href="/wiki/Koranen" title="Koranen">Koranen</a> er den offisielle grunnlova i landet og hovudkjelda til lover. Saudi-Arabia er unik i og med at dei har nytta religiøse tekstar som eit politisk dokument<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a></figcaption></figure> Dei islamske <a href="/wiki/Sjaria" title="Sjaria">sjarialovene</a> er dei dominerande lovene i landet og kjem frå <a href="/wiki/Koranen" title="Koranen">Koranen</a> og <a href="/wiki/Sunnah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunnah">Sunnahen</a> (tradisjonane til profeten).<a href="#cite_note-Campbell-82">[82]</a> Saudi-Arabia er unikt mellom dei moderne muslimske statane ved at sjaria ikkje er <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kodifisering_av_lover&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kodifisering av lover (sida finst ikkje)">kodifisert</a> og det finst ikkje noko system for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rettsbruk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rettsbruk (sida finst ikkje)">rettsbruk</a>, og domarane har makt til å bruka sjølvstendig rettslege vurderingar til å koma fram til ei avgjerd. Saudiarabiske domarar fylgjer ofte prinsippa frå <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hanbali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hanbali (sida finst ikkje)">Hanbali</a>-skulen innan rettsfilosofi (eller <a href="/wiki/Fiqh" title="Fiqh">fiqh</a>) som ein finn i før-moderne tekster<a href="#cite_note-Haffner58-133">[133]</a> og er kjende for den bokstavlege tolkinga av Koranen og <a href="/wiki/Hadith" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadith">hadith</a>.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> Fordi domaren har makt til å sjå bort frå tidlegare dommar (anten sin eigen eller andre domarar) og kan gje si personlege tolking av sjaria i alle særskilde saker, oppstår det divergerande dommar sjølv i tilsynelatande like saker,<a href="#cite_note-Sharia_Inc_Courts-135">[135]</a> og det gjer den rettslege tolkinga uføreseieleg.<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> Sjariasystemet er det grunnleggjande rettssystemet i Saudi-Arabia og domarane (<a href="/wiki/Qadi" class="mw-redirect" title="Qadi">qadi</a>) og advokatane er ein del av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulema (sida finst ikkje)">ulemaen</a>, dei islamske lærde i landet. Kongelege resolusjonar er den andre kjelda til lover, men vert kalla reguleringar og ikkje lover fordi dei er underordna sjaria.<a href="#cite_note-Campbell-82">[82]</a> Kongelege resolusjonar er eit tillegg til sjaria i område som arbeid, handel og selskapsrett. I tillegg er tradisjonelle stammelover og sedvane viktig.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> Ekstra-sjaria-tribunal tek seg jamnast av stridar knytte til spesifikke kongelege resolusjonar.<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> Endeleg påklage frå både sjaria-rettar og statlege tribunal er til kongen og alle rettane og tribunala fylgjer sjarialovene for prov og prosedyre.<a href="#cite_note-Campbell268-139">[139]</a> Det saudiarabiske rettssystemet har vorte kritisert for «ultrapuritanske domarar», som ofte har særs strenge (som halshogging for trolldomskriminalitet), eller milde dommar (som valdtekt eller konemishandling), og å vera langdryge, som til dømes at tusenvis av forlatne kvinner ikkje kan få skilsmisse.<a href="#cite_note-econ-2007-140">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-Economist_Cruel-141">[141]</a> Systemet er òg vorte kritisert for å vera gamaldags,<a href="#cite_note-Economist_Tentative-142">[142]</a> for manglande rettstryggleik og at ein ikkje klarer å handsama den moderne verda.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> I 2007 gav kong Abdullah ut kongelege resolusjonar for å reformera domstolane og skapa eit nytt rettssystem,<a href="#cite_note-Sharia_Inc_Courts-135">[135]</a> og i 2009 gjorde kongen fleire store endringar i domstolane, då han fjerna dei eldste medlemene og henta inn ein yngre generasjon.<a href="#cite_note-Economist_Tentative-142">[142]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Dira_Square.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Dira_Square.JPG/220px-Dira_Square.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Dira_Square.JPG/330px-Dira_Square.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Dira_Square.JPG/440px-Dira_Square.JPG 2x" data-file-width="691" data-file-height="461" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deeraplassen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deeraplassen (sida finst ikkje)">Deeraplassen</a>, sentralt i Riyadh. Lokalt kalla «Chop-chop-plassen», der ein gjer offentlege halshoggingar.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/D%C3%B8dsstraff" title="Dødsstraff">Dødsstraff</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lekamsstraff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lekamsstraff (sida finst ikkje)">fysisk</a> straff, som <a href="/wiki/Halshogging" title="Halshogging">halshogging</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steining" title="Steining">steining</a> (til døden), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amputasjon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amputasjon (sida finst ikkje)">amputasjon</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Krossfesting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krossfesting (sida finst ikkje)">krossfesting</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pisking&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pisking (sida finst ikkje)">pisking</a>, i tillegg til dei mange avrettingane, er òg vortne sterkt kritiserte.<a href="#cite_note-Sharia_Inc175-145">[145]</a> Ein kan få dødsstraff for ei rekkje lovbrot, som mord, valdtekt, <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A6pna_ran" class="mw-redirect" title="Væpna ran">væpna ran</a>, narkotikamisbruk, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fr%C3%A5fall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fråfall (sida finst ikkje)">fråfall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Utruskap" title="Utruskap">utruskap</a> og <a href="/wiki/Trolldom" class="mw-redirect" title="Trolldom">trolldom</a>, og ho vert utført med halshogging med sverd, steining eller eksekusjonspelotong, etterfylgd av krossfesting.<a href="#cite_note-FRD306-146">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lu-148">[148]</a> Det vart rapportert om 345 avrettingar mellom 2007 og 2010, alle utført som offentlege halshoggingar. Den siste avrettinga for trolldom fann stad i september 2014.<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> Sjølv om stadige tjuveri kan straffast med amputasjon av høgrehanda, finst det berre eitt tilfelle av dette mellom 2007 og 2010. Homoseksuelle handlingar er straffbar med pisking eller dødsstraff.<a href="#cite_note-FRD306-146">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lu-148">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> Ateisme eller «å stilla spørsmål ved det fundamentale i islam som landet er basert på» vert rekna som terrorisme.<a href="#cite_note-i1-154">[154]</a> Pisking er ei vanleg form for straff<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> og vert ofte nytta for lovbrot mot religion eller offentleg moral, som å drikka alkohol eller ikkje passa på bøn og faste.<a href="#cite_note-FRD306-146">[146]</a> Gjengjeldingsstraff, eller <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qisas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qisas (sida finst ikkje)">qisas</a>, vert praktisert: altså kan ein kirurgisk fjerna eit auge om eit offer har mist sitt eige auga.<a href="#cite_note-Economist_Cruel-141">[141]</a> Familiar til somme som er drepne ulovleg, kan velja mellom å krevja dødsstraff eller tilby nåde mot ei betaling av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diyya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diyya (sida finst ikkje)">diyya</a> (blodpengar), av gjerningspersonen.<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Menneskerettar">Menneskerettar</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Endre bolk: Menneskerettar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=9" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Menneskerettar">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Raif_Badawi_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Raif_Badawi_cropped.jpg/220px-Raif_Badawi_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Raif_Badawi_cropped.jpg/330px-Raif_Badawi_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Raif_Badawi_cropped.jpg/440px-Raif_Badawi_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1506" data-file-height="1614" /></a><figcaption>I 2014 vart den saudiarabiske forfattaren <a href="/w/index.php?title=Raif_Badawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raif Badawi (sida finst ikkje)">Raif Badawi</a> dømd til 10 år i fengsel og 1000 piskeslag for å ha 'fornærma islam'.</figcaption></figure> Vestleg organisasjonar som <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> og <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> har fordømt både det saudiarabiske rettssystemet og dei harde straffene. Det finst ingen saker ført for ein jury i Saudi-Arabia og rettane har få formalitetar.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> Human Rights Watch skreiv i ein rapport i 2008 at det vart innført eit system for straffeprosessar for fyrste gong i 2002, men det mangla grunnleggjande vern og i somme tilfelle vart dei totalt ignorerte av domarane. Dei som vert arresterte vert ofte ikkje informerte om kva lovbrot dei er skulda for eller får ikkje advokatar, og vert ofte utsett for mishandling og tortur om dei ikkje tilstår. I rettssaka er ein ofte førehandsdømd og den tiltalte får ikkje forhøyra vitne og leggja fram prov i forsvaret sitt. Dei fleste rettssakene vert haldne i løyndom.<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> Men «vanlege saudiarabarar» støttar, ifylgje ein <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>-rapport, systemet og seier at det gjer at det held kriminaliteten nede.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> Saudi-Arabia vert ofte skulda for å ha dei verste menneskerettstilhøva i verda. Menneskerettssaker som har fått sterk kritikk er den ekstremt svake stillinga kvinner har, dødsstraff for <a href="/wiki/Homoseksualitet" class="mw-redirect" title="Homoseksualitet">homoseksualitet</a>,<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> religionsdiskriminering, skorten på religionsfridom og aktivitetane til det religiøse politiet.<a href="#cite_note-Sharia_Inc175-145">[145]</a> Mellom 1996 og 2000 slutta Saudi-Arabia seg til fire menneskrettskonvensjonar i SN og i 2004 godkjende staten opprettinga av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nasjonalt_samfunn_for_menneskerettar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nasjonalt samfunn for menneskerettar (sida finst ikkje)">Nasjonalt samfunn for menneskerettar</a> (NSHR), med statlege tilsette, for å overvaka implementeringa. Så langt er aktivitetane til NSHR avgrensa og det er sådd tvil om dei er nøytrale og sjølvstendige.<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> Saudi-Arabia er eit av særs få land i verda som ikkje aksepterer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Verdserkl%C3%A6ringa_om_menneskerettane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Verdserklæringa om menneskerettane (sida finst ikkje)">verdserklæringa om menneskerettane</a> til SN. Som svar til den stadige kritikken av menneskerettane syner styresmakta til den spesielle islamske karakteren til landet, og hevdar at dette rettferdiggjer ein annleis sosial og politisk orden.<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> United States Commission on International Religious Freedom prøvde utan suksess<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> å få president <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> til å ta opp menneskerettar med kong Abdullah då han i mars 2014 vitja kongedømet, og særleg fengslinga av Sultan Hamid Marzooq al-Enezi, Saud Falih Awad al-Enezi og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Raif_Badawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raif Badawi (sida finst ikkje)">Raif Badawi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> Saudi-Arabia utfører òg dusinvis av avrettingar kvart år, hovudsakleg for mord og narkotikasmugling, men det finst òg folk som vert avretta for å ha falle frå islam og for lovbrot mot <a href="/w/index.php?title=Faisal_bin_Musaid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faisal bin Musaid (sida finst ikkje)">Faisal bin Musaid</a>.<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> Avrettingsmetoden er vanlegvis offentleg <a href="/wiki/Halshogging" title="Halshogging">halshogging</a>.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> I 2013 deporterte staten tusenvis av ikkje-saudiarabarar, mange av dei arbeidde ulovleg i landet eller hadde vore lenger enn visumperioden. Mange rapportar syner at utanlandske arbeidarar vert torturerte anten av arbeidsgjevarane eller andre.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> Dette har ført til at mange basistenester manglar arbeidarar, sidan mange saudiarabiske borgarar ikkje ynskjer å arbeida som arbeidarar (i motsetnad til funksjonærar).<a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> Saudi-Arabia har eit «anti-radikaliseringsprogram» der målet er å «kjempa mot spreiinga av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekstremisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekstremisme (sida finst ikkje)">ekstremisme</a> hjå folket» og «gje folket sanne verdiar frå islamsk tru, som toleranse og måtehald.»<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baltimore_Sun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baltimore Sun (sida finst ikkje)">Baltimore Sun</a> har stilt spørsmål ved denne «toleransen og måtehaldet» basert på rapportar frå <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> vedrørande <a href="/w/index.php?title=Raif_Badawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raif Badawi (sida finst ikkje)">Raif Badawi</a>,<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> og i tilfellet for ein mann frå Hafr al-Batin som var dømd til døden for å ha avvist islam.<a href="#cite_note-batin-175">[175]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Utanrikspolitikk">Utanrikspolitikk</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Endre bolk: Utanrikspolitikk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=10" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Utanrikspolitikk">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Obama_meets_King_Abdullah_July_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Obama_meets_King_Abdullah_July_2014.jpg/220px-Obama_meets_King_Abdullah_July_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Obama_meets_King_Abdullah_July_2014.jpg/330px-Obama_meets_King_Abdullah_July_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Obama_meets_King_Abdullah_July_2014.jpg/440px-Obama_meets_King_Abdullah_July_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="839" /></a><figcaption>Den amerikanske presidenten <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> med kong <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_av_Saudi-Arabia" title="Abdullah av Saudi-Arabia">Abdullah av Saudi-Arabia</a>, juli 2014</figcaption></figure> Saudi-Arabia var med i SN i 1945<a href="#cite_note-US_State_Dept_Saudi-Arabia-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> og er eit opphavleg medlem av <a href="/wiki/Den_arabiske_ligaen" title="Den arabiske ligaen">Den arabiske ligaen</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Golfr%C3%A5det&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Golfrådet (sida finst ikkje)">Golfrådet</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muslimsk_verdsliga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muslimsk verdsliga (sida finst ikkje)">Muslimsk verdsliga</a>, og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Organisasjonen_for_islamsk_samarbeid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organisasjonen for islamsk samarbeid (sida finst ikkje)">Organisasjonen for islamsk samarbeid</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Saudi_Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs-177">[177]</a> Landet spelar ei viktig rolle i <a href="/wiki/Det_internasjonale_pengefondet" title="Det internasjonale pengefondet">Det internasjonale pengefondet</a> og <a href="/wiki/Verdsbanken" title="Verdsbanken">Verdsbanken</a>, og vart i 2005 med i <a href="/wiki/Verdas_handelsorganisasjon" class="mw-redirect" title="Verdas handelsorganisasjon">Verdas handelsorganisasjon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-US_State_Dept_Saudi-Arabia-20">[20]</a> Saudi-Arabia støttar den planlagde <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabisk_tollunion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabisk tollunion (sida finst ikkje)">Arabisk tollunionen</a> i 2015 og ein arabisk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fellesmarknad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fellesmarknad (sida finst ikkje)">fellesmarknad</a><a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a> innan 2020.<a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a> Som opphavleg medlem av <a href="/wiki/OPEC" class="mw-redirect" title="OPEC">OPEC</a> sidan 1960, har oljeprispolitikken generelt stabilisert oljemarknaden i verda og prøvd å moderera store prissvingingar slik at det ikkje går ut over dei vestlege økonomiane.<a href="#cite_note-US_State_Dept_Saudi-Arabia-20">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a> Mellom midten av 1970-åra og 2002 brukte Saudi-Arabia over 70 milliardar dollar i «bistand til utviklingsland». Men det er prov på at mesteparten av dette vart nytta til å fremja og utvida påverknaden til wahhabisme til føremon for andre former for islam.<a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a> Det har vore ein intens debatt om saudiarabisk støtte og wahhabisme har gjeve næring til ekstremisme i mottakarlanda.<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a> Dei to viktigaste skuldingane er at wahhabisme oppfordrar til intoleranse og fremjar terrorisme.<a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a> Tilhøvet til USA vart spent etter <a href="/wiki/9._september-%C3%A5taka" class="mw-redirect" title="9. september-åtaka">9. september-åtaka</a>.<a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> Amerikanske politikarar og medium skulda den saudiarabiske staten for å støtta terrorisme og tolerera ein <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jihadist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jihadist (sida finst ikkje)">jihadist</a>-kultur.<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a> <a href="/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a> og femten av nitten kaprarar den 9. september var frå Saudi-Arabia.<a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> Ifylgje den tidlegare amerikanske utanriksministeren <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a>, «er Saudi-Arabia framleis ein viktig økonomisk støttebase for al-Qaida, <a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=LeT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LeT (sida finst ikkje)">LeT</a> og andre terroristgrupper... gjevarar i Saudi-Arabia er den viktigaste kjelda til å finansiera sunni-terroristgrupper verda over.»<a href="#cite_note-Guardian_05122010-187">[187]</a> Den tidlegare <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>-direktøren <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Woolsey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Woolsey (sida finst ikkje)">James Woolsey</a> skildra landet som «jorda som <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaida" title="Al-Qaida">Al-Qaida</a> og syster-terrororganisasjonane blømer i.»<a href="#cite_note-iags.org-188">[188]</a> Dei saudiarabiske styresmaktene har på det sterkaste nekta for desse skuldingane eller at dei eksporterer religiøs eller kulturell ekstremisme.<a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:FaisalMasjid.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/FaisalMasjid.jpg/220px-FaisalMasjid.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/FaisalMasjid.jpg/330px-FaisalMasjid.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/FaisalMasjid.jpg/440px-FaisalMasjid.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="340" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Faisalmoskeen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faisalmoskeen (sida finst ikkje)">Faisalmoskeen</a> i <a href="/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad">Islamabad</a> er kalla opp etter ein saudiarabisk konge. Kongedømet er ein sterk alliert til <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, og <a href="/wiki/WikiLeaks" title="WikiLeaks">WikiLeaks</a> hevdar at saudiarabarane «lenge har hatt ei viktig rolle i pakistanske saker».<a href="#cite_note-time.com-190">[190]</a></figcaption></figure> I den arabiske og muslimske verda vert Saudi-Arabia rekna for å vera pro-vestleg og pro-amerikansk,<a href="#cite_note-191">[191]</a> og har lenge vore ein alliert av USA.<a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a> Men dette<a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a> og Saudi-Arabia si rolle i <a href="/wiki/Golfkrigen" title="Golfkrigen">Golfkrigen</a> i 1991, og særleg at amerikanske soldatar var stasjonerte i Saudi-Arabia frå 1991, har ført til <a href="/wiki/Islamist" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamist">islamist</a>-åtak i landet.<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a> Som fylgje av dette har Saudi-Arabia til ei viss grad distansert seg sjølv frå USA, til dømes ved å nekta og støtta eller delta i den USA-leia <a href="/wiki/Irak-krigen" title="Irak-krigen">invasjonen av Irak</a> i 2003.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica-75">[75]</a> Fylgjene av invasjonen i 2003 og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_arabiske_v%C3%A5ren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den arabiske våren (sida finst ikkje)">den arabiske våren</a> førte til auka uro i det saudiarabiske monarkiet over at <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> fekk auka makt i regionen.<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a> Denne frykta kom til syne i kommentarane til kong Abdullah,<a href="#cite_note-NYT_Abdullah-126">[126]</a> som privat bad USA å angripe Iran og «kutte hovudet av slangen».<a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a> Den førebelse tilnærminga mellom USA og Iran som byrja i løyndom i 2011<a href="#cite_note-197">[197]</a> vart sagt å vera frykta av saudiarabarane,<a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a> og den amerikanske ambassaføren til Riyadh frå 2001 til 2003, Robert Jordan, sa om opptakten til den mykje ynskte avtala om atomprogrammet til Iran, som sette lok på det fyrste stadiet i den amerikansk-iranske politiske spaninga, at «det verste marerittet til saudiarabarane ville vera om [Obama-]administrasjonen fekk til ei stor avtale med Iran.»<a href="#cite_note-199">[199]</a> Då <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> vitja Saudi-Arabia i 2014 vart tilhøvet mellom USA og Iran diskutert, men dette stogga ikkje uroa i Riyadh.<a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> For å verna huset Khalifa, monarkane i Bahrain, invaderte Saudi-Arabia Bahrain med å senda soldatar inn for å roa opprøret til bahrainarane den 14. mars 2011.<a href="#cite_note-:0-201">[201]</a> Den saudiarabiske staten rekna det to månader lange opprøret som ein «trugsel» av <a href="/wiki/Sjiaislam" title="Sjiaislam">sjia</a>-folket som representerer majoriteten av den bahrainske folkesetnaden.<a href="#cite_note-:0-201">[201]</a> Ifylgje den irakiske statsministeren Nouri al-Maliki i mars 2014, støtta Saudi-Arabia og Qatar terrorsitar mot den irakiske staten både politisk, økonomisk og gjennom media.<a href="#cite_note-202">[202]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Destroyed_house_in_the_south_of_Sanaa_12-6-2015-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Destroyed_house_in_the_south_of_Sanaa_12-6-2015-3.jpg/220px-Destroyed_house_in_the_south_of_Sanaa_12-6-2015-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Destroyed_house_in_the_south_of_Sanaa_12-6-2015-3.jpg/330px-Destroyed_house_in_the_south_of_Sanaa_12-6-2015-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Destroyed_house_in_the_south_of_Sanaa_12-6-2015-3.jpg/440px-Destroyed_house_in_the_south_of_Sanaa_12-6-2015-3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4128" data-file-height="3096" /></a><figcaption>Saudiarabiske luftåtak i <a href="/wiki/Jemen" title="Jemen">Jemen</a>, juni 2015. Saudi-Arabia driv <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aggresjonskrig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aggresjonskrig (sida finst ikkje)">utan SN-mandat</a>.</figcaption></figure> Den 25. mars 2015 byrja Saudi-Arabia, i spydspissen for ein koalisjon av <a href="/wiki/Sunniislam" title="Sunniislam">sunnimuslimske</a> statar,<a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a> ei militær innblanding i Jemen, mot dei <a href="/wiki/Sjiaislam" title="Sjiaislam">sjiaislamske</a> <a href="/wiki/Houthiar" class="mw-redirect" title="Houthiar">houthiane</a> og styrkar lojale til den tidlegare presidenten <a href="/wiki/Ali_Abdullah_Saleh" title="Ali Abdullah Saleh">Ali Abdullah Saleh</a>, som vart avsett i 2011 under <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_arabiske_v%C3%A5ren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den arabiske våren (sida finst ikkje)">den arabiske våren</a>.<a href="#cite_note-204">[204]</a> I 2015 har Saudi-Arabia, i lag med <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> og <a href="/wiki/Tyrkia" title="Tyrkia">Tyrkia</a>, ope støtta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jaish_al-Fatah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jaish al-Fatah (sida finst ikkje)">Jaish al-Fatah</a>-armeen,<a href="#cite_note-205">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-206">[206]</a> ei paraplygruppe av antistatlege styrkar som kjempar i <a href="/wiki/Den_syriske_borgarkrigen" title="Den syriske borgarkrigen">den syriske borgarkrigen</a> som truleg omfattar den <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaida" title="Al-Qaida">al-Qaida</a>-tilknytte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Nusra-fronten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Nusra-fronten (sida finst ikkje)">al-Nusra-fronten</a> og andre <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salafi-jihadism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salafi-jihadism (sida finst ikkje)">salafi</a>-koalisjonar kalla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahrar_ash-Sham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahrar ash-Sham (sida finst ikkje)">Ahrar ash-Sham</a>.<a href="#cite_note-207">[207]</a> Saudi-Arabia har vore sett på som ein meklar i <a href="/wiki/Midtaustenkonflikten" class="mw-redirect" title="Midtaustenkonflikten">Midtaustenkonflikten</a>, og har i periodar kome fram med fredsplanar mellom <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> og <a href="/wiki/Palestinarane" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinarane">palestinarane</a>, og fordømt <a href="/wiki/Hizbollah" title="Hizbollah">Hizbollah</a>.<a href="#cite_note-208">[208]</a> Etter <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_arabiske_v%C3%A5ren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den arabiske våren (sida finst ikkje)">den arabiske våren</a> har Saudi-Arabia tilbode asyl til den avsette presidenten <a href="/wiki/Zine_El_Abidine_Ben_Ali" title="Zine El Abidine Ben Ali">Zine El Abidine Ben Ali</a> frå Tunisia og kong Abdullah ringde til president <a href="/wiki/Hosni_Mubarak" title="Hosni Mubarak">Hosni Mubarak</a> i Egypt (før han vart avsett) for å tilby han støtte.<a href="#cite_note-guardian.co.uk-209">[209]</a> Tidleg i 2014 vart tilhøvet til <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> spent etter at dei gav støtte til <a href="/wiki/Muslimsk_brorskap" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslimsk brorskap">Muslimsk brorskap</a>, og at Saudi-Arabia meinte Qatar blanda seg inn i sakene deira. I august 2014 såg båe landa etter løysingar for å avslutta spliden.<a href="#cite_note-QatarSaudi-210">[210]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Forsvaret">Forsvaret</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Endre bolk: Forsvaret" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=11" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Forsvaret">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Saudi_Arabia_-_Eurofighter_EF-2000_Typhoon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Saudi_Arabia_-_Eurofighter_EF-2000_Typhoon.jpg/220px-Saudi_Arabia_-_Eurofighter_EF-2000_Typhoon.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Saudi_Arabia_-_Eurofighter_EF-2000_Typhoon.jpg/330px-Saudi_Arabia_-_Eurofighter_EF-2000_Typhoon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Saudi_Arabia_-_Eurofighter_EF-2000_Typhoon.jpg/440px-Saudi_Arabia_-_Eurofighter_EF-2000_Typhoon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="850" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Eurofighter_Typhoon" title="Eurofighter Typhoon">Eurofighter Typhoon</a> frå det saudiarabiske luftforsvaret.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Defense.gov_photo_essay_110617-F-HS649-048.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Defense.gov_photo_essay_110617-F-HS649-048.jpg/220px-Defense.gov_photo_essay_110617-F-HS649-048.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Defense.gov_photo_essay_110617-F-HS649-048.jpg/330px-Defense.gov_photo_essay_110617-F-HS649-048.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Defense.gov_photo_essay_110617-F-HS649-048.jpg/440px-Defense.gov_photo_essay_110617-F-HS649-048.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1974" data-file-height="1316" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sikorsky_UH-60_Black_Hawk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk (sida finst ikkje)">Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk</a> frå det saudiarabiske luftforsvaret.</figcaption></figure> Saudi-Arabia er av dei landa i verda som brukar mest pengar på forsvaret, og landet brukar meir enn 10 % av BNP-et sitt. Det saudiarabiske forsvaret består av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_kongelege_saudiarabiske_h%C3%A6ren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den kongelege saudiarabiske hæren (sida finst ikkje)">den kongelege saudiarabiske hæren</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Det_kongelege_saudiarabiske_luftforsvaret&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Det kongelege saudiarabiske luftforsvaret (sida finst ikkje)">det kongelege saudiarabiske luftforsvaret</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_kongelege_saudiarabiske_marinen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den kongelege saudiarabiske marinen (sida finst ikkje)">den kongelege saudiarabiske marinen</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_saudiarabiske_nasjonalgarden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den saudiarabiske nasjonalgarden (sida finst ikkje)">den saudiarabiske nasjonalgarden</a> (SANG, ein sjølvstendig militærstyrke), og paramilitære styrkar, i alt nesten 200 000 aktive militære. I 2005 hadde dei væpna styrkane fylgjande personell: hæren, 75 000; luftstyren, 18 000; luftforsvaret 16 000; marinen 15 500 (inkludert 3000 marinesoldatar); og SANG med 75 000 aktive soldatar og 25 000 stammesoldatar.<a href="#cite_note-Library_of_Congress_2006-211">[211]</a> I tillegg har ein <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Mukhabarat_Al_A%27amah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Mukhabarat Al A'amah (sida finst ikkje)">Al Mukhabarat Al A'amah</a> militære etterretningsteneste. Kongedømet har eit langvarig militært samarbeid med <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, og det har lenge vore spekulert i om Saudi-Arabia i løyndom har finansiert <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakistan_og_masse%C3%B8ydeleggingsv%C3%A5pen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pakistan og masseøydeleggingsvåpen (sida finst ikkje)">atombombeprogrammet</a> deira og prøvd å kjøpa <a href="/wiki/Atomv%C3%A5pen" title="Atomvåpen">atomvåpen</a> frå Pakistan, i nær framtid.<a href="#cite_note-QV-212">[212]</a><a href="#cite_note-SPO-213">[213]</a> SANG er ikkje ein reserve, men ein fullt operasjonell frontline-styrke med opphav i Ibn Saud sin militære-religiøse styrke, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ikhwan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ikhwan (sida finst ikkje)">Ikhwan</a>. Dagens styrke har i røynda vore kongen sin private hær sidan 1960-åra og er i motsetnad til resten av dei væpna styrkane sjølvstendig andsynes forsvarsdepartementet. SANG har vore ei motvekt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudairi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sudairi (sida finst ikkje)">Sudairi</a>-fraksjonen i kongefamilien: prins Sultan, som er forsvarsminister, er ein av dei såkalla 'sju Sudari' og kontrollerer resten av dei væpna styrkane.<a href="#cite_note-214">[214]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:11th_MEU_141213-M-CB493-105_(15657874453).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/11th_MEU_141213-M-CB493-105_%2815657874453%29.jpg/220px-11th_MEU_141213-M-CB493-105_%2815657874453%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/11th_MEU_141213-M-CB493-105_%2815657874453%29.jpg/330px-11th_MEU_141213-M-CB493-105_%2815657874453%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/11th_MEU_141213-M-CB493-105_%2815657874453%29.jpg/440px-11th_MEU_141213-M-CB493-105_%2815657874453%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption>Saudiarabiske og USA-amerikanske soldatar på ei øving i desember 2014.</figcaption></figure> Pengebruken på forsvar og tryggleik har auka kraftig sidan midt i 1990-åra og var kring 25,4 mrd. dollar i 2005. Saudi-Arabia er av dei landa i verda som brukar mest på forsvaret sitt, og i 2005 var det kring 7 % av bruttonasjonalproduktet. Det moderne, høgteknologiske arsenalet gjer Saudi-Arabia til eit av dei tettast væpna nasjonane i verda, med militærutstyr frå USA, Frankrike og Storbritannia.<a href="#cite_note-Library_of_Congress_2006-211">[211]</a> USA har selt for meir enn 80 mrd. dollar i militære skytevåpen mellom 1951 og 2006 til det saudiarabiske forsvaret.<a href="#cite_note-215">[215]</a> Den 20. oktober 2010 informerte det amerikanske utanriksdepartementet at dei hadde planar om å gjennomføra det største våpensalet i amerikansk historie - estimert til 60,5 mrd. dollar - til kongedømet Saudi-Arabia. Pakka var ei kraftig opprusting av offensive mogelegheitene til dei saudiarabiske styrkane.<a href="#cite_note-216">[216]</a> I 2013 bruka det saudiarabiske militæret 67 mrd. dollar og klatra opp til fjerdeplassen i verda i pengebruk på forsvaret.<a href="#cite_note-AJE_2013_spending-217">[217]</a> Storbritannia har òg vore ein stor eksportør av militærutstyr til Saudi-Arabia sidan 1965.<a href="#cite_note-218">[218]</a> Sidan 1985 har britane hovudsakleg eksportert militære fly — mellom anna <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panavia_Tornado&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panavia Tornado (sida finst ikkje)">Tornado</a> og <a href="/wiki/Eurofighter_Typhoon" title="Eurofighter Typhoon">Eurofighter Typhoon</a> kampfly — og anna utstyr som ein del av den langvarige Al-Yamamah-avtala, som var estimert til å vera verd 43 mrd. dollar i 2006.<a href="#cite_note-219">[219]</a> I mai 2012 signerte den britiske forsvarsgiganten BAE ei avtale verd 1,9 mrd. pund for å forsyta Saudi-Arabia med opplæringsfly av typen Hawk.<a href="#cite_note-220">[220]</a> Ifylgje <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stockholm_internasjonale_fredforskingsinstitutt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stockholm internasjonale fredforskingsinstitutt (sida finst ikkje)">Stockholm internasjonale fredforskingsinstitutt</a>, SIPRI, vart Saudi-Arabia i 2010–14 i den nest største våpenimportøren i verda, meir enn fire gonger så mange våpen som i 2005–2009. Store importar i 2010–14 var mellom anna 45 kampfly frå Storbritannia, 38 kamphelikopter frå USA, fire tankfly frå Spania og over 600 pansra køyretøy frå Canada. I tillegg har Saudi-Arabia tinga ytterlegare 27 kampfly frå Storbritannia, 154 kampfly frå USA og mange pansra køyretøy frå Canada.<a href="#cite_note-books.sipri.org-17">[17]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografi">Geografi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Endre bolk: Geografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=12" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Geografi">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <div class="boilerplate seealso"> <dl><dd>For meir om dette emnet, sjå <a href="/wiki/Saudiarabisk_geografi" title="Saudiarabisk geografi">Saudiarabisk geografi</a>.</dd></dl></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Saudi_Arabia_Topography.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Saudi_Arabia_Topography.png/220px-Saudi_Arabia_Topography.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Saudi_Arabia_Topography.png/330px-Saudi_Arabia_Topography.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Saudi_Arabia_Topography.png/440px-Saudi_Arabia_Topography.png 2x" data-file-width="1432" data-file-height="1266" /></a><figcaption>Topografi i Saudi-Arabia.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Arabia_Saudi_physical.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Arabia_Saudi_physical.jpg/220px-Arabia_Saudi_physical.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Arabia_Saudi_physical.jpg/330px-Arabia_Saudi_physical.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Arabia_Saudi_physical.jpg/440px-Arabia_Saudi_physical.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1010" data-file-height="1196" /></a><figcaption>Fysisk kart over Saudi-Arabia.</figcaption></figure> Saudi-Arabia dekkjer kring 80 % av <a href="/wiki/Den_arabiske_halv%C3%B8ya" title="Den arabiske halvøya">Den arabiske halvøya</a> (den største halvøya i verda),<a href="#cite_note-Stokes605-221">[221]</a> og ligg mellom breiddegradene <a href="/w/index.php?title=16._nordlege_breiddegrad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="16. nordlege breiddegrad (sida finst ikkje)">16°</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=33._nordlege_breiddegraden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="33. nordlege breiddegraden (sida finst ikkje)">33° N</a>, og lengdegradene <a href="/w/index.php?title=34._austlege_lengdegraden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="34. austlege lengdegraden (sida finst ikkje)">34°</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=56._austlege_lengdegraden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="56. austlege lengdegraden (sida finst ikkje)">56° E</a>. Sidan den sørlege grensa til landet med <a href="/wiki/Dei_sameinte_arabiske_emirata" title="Dei sameinte arabiske emirata">Dei sameinte arabiske emirata</a> og <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> ikkje er nøyaktig teikna opp, er ikkje den eksakte storleiken til landet kjend.<a href="#cite_note-Stokes605-221">[221]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=CIA_World_Factbook&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CIA World Factbook (sida finst ikkje)">CIA World Factbook</a> estimerer at arealet er 2 149 690 <a href="/wiki/Kvadratkilometer" title="Kvadratkilometer">km²</a> og har Saudi-Arabia som det 13. største landet i verda.<a href="#cite_note-222">[222]</a> Den saudiarabiske geografien er dominert av <a href="/wiki/Den_arabiske_%C3%B8rkenen" title="Den arabiske ørkenen">Den arabiske ørkenen</a> og tilknytt halvørknar og krattskogsland. Ørkenane er i røynda fleire samanhengande ørkenområde og omfattar den 647 500 <a href="/wiki/Kvadratkilometer" title="Kvadratkilometer">km²</a> store <a href="/wiki/Rub%27_al_Khali" title="Rub' al Khali">Rub' al Khali</a> («Det tomme området») i den sørlege delen av landet, den største samanhengande sandørkenen i verda.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-223">[223]</a> Det finst i røynda ingen elvar eller innsjøar i landet, men mange <a href="/wiki/Wadi" title="Wadi">wadiar</a>. Dei få fraudige områda finn ein i elveavsetningar i wadiar, basseng og oasar.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica-75">[75]</a> Dei viktigaste topografiske eigenskapane er det sentrale platået som stig brått opp frå Raudehavet og heller slakt inn i <a href="/wiki/Nejd" class="mw-redirect" title="Nejd">Nejd</a> og mot Persiabukta. Ved kysten av Raudehavet er det ei smal kystslette, kalla <a href="/wiki/Tihamah" title="Tihamah">Tihamah</a>, og parallelt til henne går ein stor skrent. Den sørvestlege provinsen <a href="/wiki/%27Asir-provinsen" class="mw-redirect" title="'Asir-provinsen">Asir</a> er fjellendt og her ligg det 3133 meter høge <a href="/wiki/Jabal_Sawda" title="Jabal Sawda">Jabal Sawda</a>, som er det høgaste punktet i landet.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica-75">[75]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Arabian_Desert.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Arabian_Desert.jpg/220px-Arabian_Desert.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Arabian_Desert.jpg/330px-Arabian_Desert.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Arabian_Desert.jpg/440px-Arabian_Desert.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="428" /></a><figcaption>Satellittbiletet av Saudi-Arabia med avgrensa økoregionar. Den gule linja omfattar Den arabiske ørkenen, det austsaharisk-arabiske ørkenområdet og to andre mindre ørkenområde.</figcaption></figure> Av dyreliv finn ein ulvar, hyenar, mungoar, <a href="/wiki/Bavian" class="mw-redirect" title="Bavian">bavianar</a>, harar, sandrotter og <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%98rkenspringrotter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ørkenspringrotter (sida finst ikkje)">ørkenspringrotter</a>. Større dyr som gasellar, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oryx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oryx (sida finst ikkje)">oryx</a> og leopardar var relativt vanlege fram til 1950-åra, då jakt frå motoriserte køyretøy reduserte desse dyra til dei nesten var utrydda. Av fuglar finn ein falkar (som vert fanga og trena til jakt), ørknar, haukar, gribbar, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sandrype&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sandrype (sida finst ikkje)">sandrype</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persisk_nattergal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persisk nattergal (sida finst ikkje)">persisk nattergal</a>. Det finst fleire slangearter, fleire av dei giftige, og mange typar øgler. Det finst mykje sjødyr i Persiabukta. Av husdyr finn ein kamelar, sauer, geiter, eslar og høner. Det meste av plantelivet i Saudi-Arabia er små urter og kratt som krev lite vatn. Det finst små område med gras og tre sør i Asir. <a href="/wiki/Daddel" title="Daddel">Daddelpalmer</a> (Phoenix dactylifera) finst i mange område.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica-75">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klima">Klima</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Endre bolk: Klima" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=13" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Klima">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:West_Asia_K%C3%B6ppen_Map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/West_Asia_K%C3%B6ppen_Map.png/220px-West_Asia_K%C3%B6ppen_Map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/West_Asia_K%C3%B6ppen_Map.png/330px-West_Asia_K%C3%B6ppen_Map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/West_Asia_K%C3%B6ppen_Map.png/440px-West_Asia_K%C3%B6ppen_Map.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="1182" /></a><figcaption> Kart over <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_si_klimaklassifisering" title="Köppen si klimaklassifisering">Köppen si klimaklassifisering</a> i Saudi-Arabia<a href="#cite_note-Peel-224">[224]</a> er basert på vegetasjon, temperatur, nedbør og korleis dei varierer gjennom året. ██ <a href="/wiki/Varmt_%C3%B8rkenklima" class="mw-redirect" title="Varmt ørkenklima">BWh varm ørken</a> ██ <a href="/wiki/Kaldt_%C3%B8rkenklima" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaldt ørkenklima">BWk kald ørken</a> ██ <a href="/wiki/Varmt_halvt%C3%B8rt_klima" class="mw-redirect" title="Varmt halvtørt klima">BSh varmt halvtørt</a> ██ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaldt_halvt%C3%B8rt_klima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaldt halvtørt klima (sida finst ikkje)">BSk kaldt halvtørt</a> </figcaption></figure> Eit av verdas største <a href="/wiki/%C3%98rken" title="Ørken">ørkenområde</a> utgjer store delar av Saudi-Arabia, og klimaet er deretter, <a href="/wiki/T%C3%B8rt_klima" title="Tørt klima">turt</a> og varmt — i det minste mellom mai og oktober. <a href="/wiki/Den_arabiske_halv%C3%B8ya" title="Den arabiske halvøya">Arabia</a> stig brått oppover i vest, og heller sakte austover mot <a href="/wiki/Persiabukta" title="Persiabukta">Persiabukta</a>. På vestsida, langs kysten av <a href="/wiki/Raudehavet" title="Raudehavet">Raudehavet</a>, finn ein byar som <a href="/wiki/Mekka" title="Mekka">Mekka</a> og <a href="/wiki/Jidda" title="Jidda">Jidda</a>. Dette området har trykkjande varme om sumaren med høg <a href="/wiki/Relativ_fukt" title="Relativ fukt">relativ fukt</a>. I dei sørvestlegaste områda, nær <a href="/wiki/Jemen" title="Jemen">Jemen</a>, kan enkelte <a href="/wiki/Torev%C3%AAr" title="Torevêr">torebyer</a> gje korte avbrekk frå den trykkjande varmen. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rub_al-Khali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rub al-Khali (sida finst ikkje)">Rub al-Khali</a>, «den tomme fjerdedelen» på arabisk, er svært varm, men slepp unna den sørlege shamalvinden, som fører fuktig luft inn over den sørlege kysten av Arabia. Om sumaren er dette eit av dei få områda i verda der temperaturar opp mot 50 °C ikkje er uvanleg. Når vinteren set inn kan enkelte <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A5gtrykk" title="Lågtrykk">lågtrykk</a> passera over dei nordlege områda av landet. Desse kan føra med seg både kraftig <a href="/wiki/Vind" title="Vind">vind</a> og av og til <a href="/wiki/Torev%C3%AAr" title="Torevêr">torevêr</a>, særleg når det nærmar seg vår. Områda kring Persiabukta har temperaturar rundt 25 °C i vintermånadene. Ørkenområda er litt varmare, men i samband med passerande <a href="/wiki/Kaldfront" title="Kaldfront">kaldfrontar</a> kan temperaturen nærma seg 0 °C. Kysten av Raudehavet held seg derimot varm og fuktig året rundt. Utanom dei sørvestlege provinsane i <a href="/wiki/%27Asir-regionen" class="mw-redirect" title="'Asir-regionen">Asir</a> har Saudi-Arabia eit <a href="/wiki/%C3%98rkenklima" title="Ørkenklima">ørkenklima</a> med ekstremt høge dagtemperaturar og eit brått temperaturfall om natta. Middeltemperaturen om sumaren er kring 45 ºC, men kan nå så høgt som 54 ºC. Om vinteren går temperaturen sjeldan under 0 ºC. Om våren og hausten ligg temperaturane i snitt kring 29 ºC. Årsnedbøren er ekstremt låg. Asir-regionen skil seg ut, sidan han er påverka av <a href="/wiki/Monsun" title="Monsun">monsunen</a> i Indiahavet, som vanlegvis er mellom oktober og mars. I denne perioden fell det kring 300 mm nedbør, som er kring 60 % av årsnedbøren.<a href="#cite_note-weather-225">[225]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrativ_inndeling">Administrativ inndeling</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Endre bolk: Administrativ inndeling" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=14" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Administrativ inndeling">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <div class="boilerplate seealso"> <dl><dd>For meir om dette emnet, sjå <a href="/wiki/Administrative_omr%C3%A5de_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Administrative område i Saudi-Arabia">administrative område i Saudi-Arabia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Regionar_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Regionar i Saudi-Arabia">regionar i Saudi-Arabia</a> og <a href="/wiki/Guvernement_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Guvernement i Saudi-Arabia">guvernement i Saudi-Arabia</a>.</dd></dl></div> Saudi-Arabia er delt inn i 13 <a href="/wiki/Region" title="Region">regionar</a><a href="#cite_note-226">[226]</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">arabisk</a> مناطق إدارية, manatiq idāriyya, eintal منطقة إدارية; <a href="/wiki/Mintaqah" title="Mintaqah">mintaqah</a> idariyya). Provinsane er vidare delte inn i 118 <a href="/wiki/Guvernement_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Guvernement i Saudi-Arabia">guvernement</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">arabisk</a> محافظات, muhafazat, eintal. محافظة; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhafazah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhafazah (sida finst ikkje)">muhafazah</a>). Dette omfattar dei 13 regionshovudstadene, som har forskjellig status frå kommunane (<a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">arabisk</a> أمانة, amanah) leia av borgarmeistrar (<a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">arabisk</a> أمين, amin). Guvernementa er vidare delte inn i under-guvernement (<a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">arabisk</a> مراكز, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Markaz_som_omr%C3%A5de&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Markaz som område (sida finst ikkje)">marakiz</a>, eintal. مركز; markaz). <table border="0" cellpadding="3"> <tbody><tr> <th></th> <th>Nr.</th> <th>Provins</th> <th>Adm. senter </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="14"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Saudi_Arabia,_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Saudi_Arabia%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg/400px-Saudi_Arabia%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Saudi_Arabia%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg/600px-Saudi_Arabia%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Saudi_Arabia%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg/800px-Saudi_Arabia%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1802" data-file-height="1501" /></a><figcaption>Provinsar i Saudi-Arabia.</figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Al_Jawf-provinsen" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Jawf-provinsen">Al Jawf (eller Jouf)</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Jawf_i_Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Jawf i Saudi-Arabia (sida finst ikkje)">Sakaka</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Den_nordlege_grenseregionen" title="Den nordlege grenseregionen">Dei nordlege grensene</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arar_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Arar i Saudi-Arabia">Arar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tabuk-provinsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tabuk-provinsen (sida finst ikkje)">Tabuk</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tabuk_i_Saudi-Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tabuk i Saudi-Arabia">Tabuk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ha%27il-provinsen" class="mw-redirect" title="Ha'il-provinsen">Ha'il</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ha%27il" title="Ha'il">Ha'il</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Madinah-provinsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Madinah-provinsen (sida finst ikkje)">Al Madinah</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Al-Qassim-provinsen" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Qassim-provinsen">Al Qasim</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Buraidah" class="mw-redirect" title="Buraidah">Buraidah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makkah-provinsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makkah-provinsen (sida finst ikkje)">Makkah</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mekka" title="Mekka">Mekka</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Riyadh-provinsen" class="mw-redirect" title="Riyadh-provinsen">Al Riyadh</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Austprovinsen_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Austprovinsen i Saudi-Arabia">Austprovinsen</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dammam" title="Dammam">Dammam</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Bahah-provinsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Bahah-provinsen (sida finst ikkje)">Al Bahah (or Baha)</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Al_Bahah" title="Al Bahah">Al Bahah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%27Asir" class="mw-redirect" title="'Asir">Asir</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abha" title="Abha">Abha</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jizan-provinsen" class="mw-redirect" title="Jizan-provinsen">Jizan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jizan" title="Jizan">Jizan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Najran-provinsen" class="mw-redirect" title="Najran-provinsen">Najran</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Najran" title="Najran">Najran</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Økonomi">Økonomi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Endre bolk: Økonomi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=15" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Økonomi">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:KING_FAHD_ROAD_FEB1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/KING_FAHD_ROAD_FEB1.JPG/220px-KING_FAHD_ROAD_FEB1.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/KING_FAHD_ROAD_FEB1.JPG/330px-KING_FAHD_ROAD_FEB1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/KING_FAHD_ROAD_FEB1.JPG/440px-KING_FAHD_ROAD_FEB1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1475" /></a><figcaption>Kong Fahd-vegen i <a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a>.</figcaption></figure> Den saudiarabiske <a href="/wiki/Plan%C3%B8konomi" title="Planøkonomi">planøkonomien</a> er petroleumsbasert. Kring 75 % av budsjettinntektene og 90 % av eksportinntektene kjem frå oljeindustrien. Landet er særs avhengig av utanlandsk arbeidskraft, og kring 80 % av dei som er tilsett i privat sektor kjem frå utlandet.<a href="#cite_note-coy-employ-227">[227]</a><a href="#cite_note-McDowall-228">[228]</a> Utfordringane for saudiarabisk økonomi er mellom anna å stoppe eller snu nedgangen i inntekt per innbyggjar, betre utdanninga for å førebu ungdommen for arbeidsstyrken og gje dei jobb, spreie økonomien, stimulere privatsektor og husbygging, minke korrupsjon og ulikskap.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kjelder" title="Wikipedia:Kjelder">treng kjelde</a>] Oljeindustrien står for kring 45 % av Saudi-Arabia si bruttonasjonalinntekt i løpande prisar, samanlikna med 40 % frå privat sektor. Saudi-Arabia har offisielt kring 260 milliardar fat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oljereserve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oljereserve (sida finst ikkje)">oljereservar</a>, som er kring ein femtedel av dei totale petroleumsreservane ein har funne i verda.<a href="#cite_note-229">[229]</a> I 1990-åra minka oljeinntektene til Saudi-Arabia kraftig, kombinert med stor folkevekst. Inntekt per innbyggjar fall frå 11 700 dollar på høgda av oljeboomen i 1981 til 6 300 dollar i 1998.<a href="#cite_note-230">[230]</a> Auken i oljeprisane var med å heve inntekta per innbyggjar til 17 000 i 2007-dollar,<a href="#cite_note-231">[231]</a> men har falle sidan i takt med minkande oljeprisar.<a href="#cite_note-wti-232">[232]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:AramcoCoreArea.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/AramcoCoreArea.jpg/220px-AramcoCoreArea.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/AramcoCoreArea.jpg/330px-AramcoCoreArea.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/AramcoCoreArea.jpg/440px-AramcoCoreArea.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a><figcaption>Kontoret til <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Aramco" title="Saudi Aramco">Saudi Aramco</a>, det mest verdfulle selskapet i verda og hovudinntektskjelda til staten.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/OPEC" class="mw-redirect" title="OPEC">OPEC</a> avgrensar oljeproduksjonen til medlemslanda sine basert på dei «påviste reservane» Saudi-Arabia sine publiserte reservar har endra seg lite sidan 1980, med unnatak av ein auke på kring 100 mrd. fat frå 1987 til 1988.<a href="#cite_note-233">[233]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Simmons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matthew Simmons (sida finst ikkje)">Matthew Simmons</a> meiner at Saudi-Arabia har kraftig overestimert reservane sine og at produksjonen snart vil minke.<a href="#cite_note-234">[234]</a> Frå 2003 til 2013 vart «fleire nykeltenester» privatiserte - kommunal vassforsyning, elektrisitet, telekommunikasjon- og delar av utdanning og helsevesen, trafikkontroll og bilulukkerapportering vart òg privatisert. Ifylgje Arab News-journalisten Abdel Aziz Aluwaisheg, «på nesten alle desse områda har forbrukarane stilt alvorlege spørsmål ved desse private instansane.»<a href="#cite_note-Aluwaisheg-235">[235]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadawul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tadawul (sida finst ikkje)">Tadawul</a> All Share Index (TASI) på den saudiarabiske aksjemarknaden nådde ein topp på 16 712,64 i 2005 og stengde på 8 535,60 mot slutten av 2013.<a href="#cite_note-MV2013-236">[236]</a> I november 2005 vart Saudi-Arabia teken inn som medlem av <a href="/wiki/Verdas_handelsorganisasjon" class="mw-redirect" title="Verdas handelsorganisasjon">Verdas handelsorganisasjon</a>. Tingingane om å verta med fokuserte på graden Saudi-Arabia var viljug til å auka marknadstilgangen for utanlandske varer og i 2000 oppretta staten ein instans for å oppmoda til utanlandske, direkte investeringar i kongedømet. Saudi-Arabia har ei liste over sektorar der utanlandske investeringar er forbodne, men staten planlegg å opna somme lukka sektorar, som telekommunikasjon, forsikring og straumforsyning over tid. Staten har òg prøvd å «<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudisering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saudisering (sida finst ikkje)">saudisera</a>» økonomien med å byta utanlandske arbeidarar ut med saudiarabarar, men med avgrensa suksess.<a href="#cite_note-house-161-237">[237]</a> Saudi-Arabia har hatt femårige «Utviklingsplanar» sidan 1970. Ein av planane har vore å skipa «økonomiske byar» (t.d.. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kong_Abdullah_%C3%B8konomiske_by&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kong Abdullah økonomiske by (sida finst ikkje)">Kong Abdullah økonomiske by</a>) som skal vera ferdig i 2020, i ein freistnad på å skapa variasjon i økonomien og skaffa jobbar. I 2013 var det planlagt fire slike byar.<a href="#cite_note-MCC-238">[238]</a> Kongen har annonsert at inntekta per innbyggjar er venta å stiga frå 15 000 i 2006 til $33 500 i 2020.<a href="#cite_note-239">[239]</a> Byane vil verta spreidde kring Saudi-Arabia for å fremja interessespreiing i kvar region og økonomien deira, og byane er venta å skyta 150 mrd. dollar til BNP-et. I tillegg til petroleum og gass, har Saudi-Arabia òg ein liten gullgruvesektor i <a href="/wiki/Mahd_adh_Dhahab" title="Mahd adh Dhahab">Mahd adh Dhahab</a>-regionen<a href="#cite_note-240">[240]</a> og andre mineralindustriar, ein jordbrukssektor (særleg i sørvest) basert på dadlar og husdyr, og mange mellombelse jobbar skapt av dei kring to millionar årlege <a href="/wiki/Hajj" class="mw-redirect" title="Hajj">hajj</a>-pilegrimane.<a href="#cite_note-HT2009:_150-241">[241]</a> Statistikk om fattigdom i kongedømet er ikkje tilgjengeleg gjennom SN sine kjelder fordi den saudiarabiske staten ikkje sender ut meldingar om noko slikt.<a href="#cite_note-242">[242]</a> Staten prøver å hindra og venda merksemda bort frå klage om fattigdom. I desember 2011 arresterte det saudiarabiske innanriksdepartementet tre journalistar og heldt dei i neste to veker for å ha lasta opp ein video om fattigdom i landet på Youtube.<a href="#cite_note-243">[243]</a><a href="#cite_note-244">[244]</a><a href="#cite_note-245">[245]</a> Dei som laga videoen hevda at 22 % av saudiarabarane kan reknast som fattige (2009).<a href="#cite_note-246">[246]</a> Observatørar som forskar på temaet vil helst vera anonyme<a href="#cite_note-247">[247]</a> i frykt for å verta arresterte. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jordbruk">Jordbruk</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Endre bolk: Jordbruk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=16" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Jordbruk">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Tuwaiq_Escarpment-14h38m25s-k.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Tuwaiq_Escarpment-14h38m25s-k.jpg/220px-Tuwaiq_Escarpment-14h38m25s-k.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Tuwaiq_Escarpment-14h38m25s-k.jpg/330px-Tuwaiq_Escarpment-14h38m25s-k.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Tuwaiq_Escarpment-14h38m25s-k.jpg/440px-Tuwaiq_Escarpment-14h38m25s-k.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Landskap i <a href="/wiki/Nejd" class="mw-redirect" title="Nejd">Nejd</a>: ørken og <a href="/wiki/Tuwaiq" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuwaiq">Tuwaiq</a>-skrenten nær <a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a>.</figcaption></figure> Saudi-Arabia oppmodar til ørkenjordbruk med hjelp av store subsidiar og ved å nytta 300 mrd. kubikkmeter med stort sett ikkje-fornybare vassreservar for å dyrka og produsera lusern, korn, kjøt og mjølk i Den arabiske ørkenen.<a href="#cite_note-248">[248]</a> Bruken av ikkje-fornybart grunnvatn har ført til at kring fire femtedelar av dei totale grunnvassreservane var brukt opp i 2008.<a href="#cite_note-249">[249]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vassforsyning_og_kloakk">Vassforsyning og kloakk</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Endre bolk: Vassforsyning og kloakk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=17" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Vassforsyning og kloakk">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Vassforsyning og kloakk i Saudi-Arabia har hatt store investeringar i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vassavsalting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vassavsalting (sida finst ikkje)">avsalting av sjøvatn</a>, vassfordeling og handsaming av kloakk og spillvatn for å auka tilgangen på drikkevatn i dei siste tiåra. Kring 50 % av drikkevatnet kjem frå avsalting, 40 % frå ikkje-fornybare grunnvassressursar og 10 % frå overflatevatn, særleg i fjellområda sørvest i landet. Hovudstaden <a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a>, som ligg i hjarta av landet, får avsalta vatn pumpa frå <a href="/wiki/Persiabukta" title="Persiabukta">Persiabukta</a> over ein avstand på 467 km. På grunn av den store oljerikdomen i landet er vatn nesten gratis. Trass i betringar er tenestene dårlege. Til dømes hadde ein berre vatn kvar 2,5 dag i Riyadh i 2011, medan ein i Jeddah hadde vatn berre kvar niande dag.<a href="#cite_note-GWI_April_2011-250">[250]</a> Sidan 2000 har staten i aukande grad basert seg på privatsektoren for å driva vass- og kloakkinfrastrukturen, og byrja med avsaltings- og avløpsvassanlegg. Sidan 2008 har òg drifta av urban vassfordeling gradvis vorte handsama av private føretak. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demografi">Demografi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Endre bolk: Demografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=18" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Demografi">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Saudi_Arabia_population_density_2010.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Saudi_Arabia_population_density_2010.png/220px-Saudi_Arabia_population_density_2010.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Saudi_Arabia_population_density_2010.png/330px-Saudi_Arabia_population_density_2010.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Saudi_Arabia_population_density_2010.png/440px-Saudi_Arabia_population_density_2010.png 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="930" /></a><figcaption>Folkettettleiken i Saudi-Arabia (folk per km2).</figcaption></figure> Folketalet i Saudi-Arabia var i juli 2013 estimert til å vera 26,9 millionar, inkludert mellom 5,5 millionar<a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook-251">[251]</a> og 10 millionar ikkje-nasjonaliserte <a href="/wiki/Immigrant" class="mw-redirect" title="Immigrant">immigrantar</a>,<a href="#cite_note-McDowall-228">[228]</a><a href="#cite_note-252">[252]</a> men den saudiarabiske folkesetnaden har i lang tid vore vanskeleg å estimera nøyaktig sidan dei saudiarabiske leiarane gjennom historia har hatt ein tendens til å koma med kunstige høge tal.<a href="#cite_note-253">[253]</a> Det saudiarabiske folketalet har vakse kraftig sidan 1950, då det var estimert til å vera tre millionar,<a href="#cite_note-254">[254]</a> og i mange år hadde landet ein av dei høgaste fødselsratene i verda med kring 3 % i året.<a href="#cite_note-long-27-255">[255]</a> Den etniske samansetnaden i Saudi-Arabia er 90 % <a href="/wiki/Arabarar" title="Arabarar">arabarar</a> og 10 % <a href="/w/index.php?title=Afroasiatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afroasiatar (sida finst ikkje)">afroasiatar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-256">[256]</a> Dei fleste saudiararbarane bur i <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" class="mw-redirect" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a> (35 %), <a href="/wiki/Najd" title="Najd">Najd</a> (28 %) og <a href="/wiki/Austprovinsen_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Austprovinsen i Saudi-Arabia">Austprovinsen</a> (15 %).<a href="#cite_note-257">[257]</a> Hejaz er det mest folkerike området i Saudi-Arabia.<a href="#cite_note-258">[258]</a> Så seint som i 1970 levde dei fleste saudiarabarane eit sjølvbergingsliv på landsbygda, men i siste helvta av 1900-atlet vart kongedømet snøgt urbanisert. I 2012 budde kring 80 % av saudiarabarar i urbane storbyområde - særleg kring <a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jeddah" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeddah">Jeddah</a> og <a href="/wiki/Dammam" title="Dammam">Dammam</a>. <a href="#cite_note-259">[259]</a><a href="#cite_note-260">[260]</a> Folkesetnaden er òg ganske ung og over helvta er under 25 år gamle.<a href="#cite_note-261">[261]</a> Ein stor del av folkesetnaden er utlendingar. CIA Factbook estimerer at i 2013 så var 21 % av innbyggjarane i Saudi-Arabia utlendingar.<a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook-251">[251]</a> Andre estimat er 30 %<a href="#cite_note-262">[262]</a> eller 33 %<a href="#cite_note-alriyadh.com-263">[263]</a>) Så seint som tidleg i 1960-åra var talet på slavar i Saudi-Arabia estimert til 300 000.<a href="#cite_note-264">[264]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabisk_slavehandel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabisk slavehandel (sida finst ikkje)">Slaveriet</a> vart offisielt avskaffa i 1962.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-265">[265]</a><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-266">[266]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Språk">Språk</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Endre bolk: Språk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=19" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Språk">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Det offisielle språket i Saudi-Arabia er <a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">arabisk</a>. Dei tre regionale hovudvariantane som saudiarabarane talar er <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hejazarabisk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hejazarabisk (sida finst ikkje)">hejazarabisk</a> (kring 6 million talande), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Najdarabisk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Najdarabisk (sida finst ikkje)">najdarabisk</a> (kring 8 million talande), og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Golfarabisk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Golfarabisk (sida finst ikkje)">golfarabisk</a> (kring 0,2 millionar talande). Dei mange utlendingane talar òg sine eigne språk og dei mest talrike er <a href="/wiki/Tagalog" title="Tagalog">tagalog</a> (700 000), <a href="/wiki/Rohingya" title="Rohingya">rohingya</a> (400 000), <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">urdu</a> (380 000) og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Egyptisk_arabisk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Egyptisk arabisk (sida finst ikkje)">egyptisk arabisk</a> (300 000).<a href="#cite_note-267">[267]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Eidgah_jeddah.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Eidgah_jeddah.JPG/220px-Eidgah_jeddah.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Eidgah_jeddah.JPG/330px-Eidgah_jeddah.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Eidgah_jeddah.JPG/440px-Eidgah_jeddah.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1459" data-file-height="615" /></a><figcaption>Ein friluftsmoské nær <a href="/wiki/Jeddah" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeddah">Jeddah</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religionar">Religionar</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Endre bolk: Religionar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=20" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Religionar">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Så godt som alle saudiarabarar er muslimar (offisielt alle), og nesten alle saudiarabiske borgarar er muslimar.<a href="#cite_note-PewForump.17-268">[268]</a> Estimata for <a href="/wiki/Sunni" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunni">sunni</a>-folkesetnaden i Saudi-Arabia er ein stad kring 75–90 %, medan resten, 10–25 %, er <a href="/wiki/Sjia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sjia">sjiamuslimar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-demo-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-PF2009-269">[269]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc-shia-270">[270]</a><a href="#cite_note-cfr-shiite-271">[271]</a><a href="#cite_note-Nasr2006_s._236-272">[272]</a> Den offisielle og dominerande forma for sunniislam i Saudi-Arabia er ofte kalla wahhabisme (ofte kalla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salafisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salafisme (sida finst ikkje)">salafisme</a>, sidan wahhabi vert rekna som nedsetjande<a href="#cite_note-The_Daily_Star-273">[273]</a>) og er ofte skildra som 'puritansk', 'intolerant', eller 'ultra-konservativ' av observatørar, og som den «sanne» islam av tilhengjarane. Han vart grunnlagd på <a href="/wiki/Den_arabiske_halv%C3%B8ya" title="Den arabiske halvøya">Den arabiske halvøya</a> av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_ibn_Abd_al-Wahhab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab (sida finst ikkje)">Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab</a> på 1700-talet. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Utlendingar">Utlendingar</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Endre bolk: Utlendingar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=21" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Utlendingar">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> CIA Factbook estimerer i 2013 at det 21 % av folkesetnaden i Saudi-Arabia var utlendingar.<a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook-251">[251]</a> Andre kjelder har gjeve andre estimat.<a href="#cite_note-alriyadh.com-263">[263]</a> Indarar: 1,3 millionar, <a href="/wiki/Pakistanarar" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistanarar">pakistanarar</a>: 1,5 millionar,<a href="#cite_note-274">[274]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Egyptarar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Egyptarar (sida finst ikkje)">egyptarar</a>: 900 000, <a href="/wiki/Jemen" title="Jemen">jemenittar</a>: 800 000, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">bangladesharar</a>: 500 000, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filippinarar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filippinarar (sida finst ikkje)">filippinarar</a>: 500 000, <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">jordanarar</a>/palestinarar: 260 000, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indonesarar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indonesarar (sida finst ikkje)">indonesarar</a>: 250 000, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Srilankarar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Srilankarar (sida finst ikkje)">srilankarar</a>: 350 000, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudanarar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sudanarar (sida finst ikkje)">sudanarar</a>: 250 000, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Syrarar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syrarar (sida finst ikkje)">syrarar</a>: 100 000 og <a href="/wiki/Tyrkarar" title="Tyrkarar">tyrkarar</a>: 100 000.<a href="#cite_note-275">[275]</a> Det er kring 100 000 folk frå <a href="/wiki/Den_vestlege_verda" class="mw-redirect" title="Den vestlege verda">den vestlege verda</a> i Saudi-Arabia, dei fleste i lukka områda. Utanlandske muslimar<a href="#cite_note-276">[276]</a> som har budd i kongedømet i ti år, kan søke om saudiarabisk borgarskap. (Folk med forskjellig vitskapleg bakgrunn vert prioritert,<a href="#cite_note-277">[277]</a> og det er gjort unnatak for <a href="/wiki/Palestinarar" title="Palestinarar">palestinarar</a> minders dei er gifte med ein saudiarabisk nasjonal person, fordi den <a href="/wiki/Den_arabiske_ligaen" title="Den arabiske ligaen">Den arabiske ligaen</a> har instruert arabiske statar om ikkje å gje dei borgarskap.) Saudi-Arabia har ikkje signert <a href="/wiki/Flyktningkonvensjonen" title="Flyktningkonvensjonen">Flyktningkonvensjonen</a> frå 1951.<a href="#cite_note-278">[278]</a> Etter kvart som talet på saudiarabarar har vakse og oljeinntektene har stagnert har det vore eit aukande press for «<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudisering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saudisering (sida finst ikkje)">saudisering</a>» (erstatta utanlandske arbeidarar med saudiarabarar), og den saudiarabiske regjeringa håpar å minka talet på utlendingar i landet.<a href="#cite_note-279">[279]</a> Saudi-Arabia dreiv ut 800 000 jemenittar i 1990 og 1991<a href="#cite_note-280">[280]</a> og har bygd ei <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_saudiarabisk-jemenske_sperringa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den saudiarabisk-jemenske sperringa (sida finst ikkje)">sperring</a> for å hindra <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulovleg_immigrant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ulovleg immigrant (sida finst ikkje)">ulovlege immigrantar</a> og stogga smugling av narkotika og våpen.<a href="#cite_note-281">[281]</a> I november 2013 kasta Saudi-Arabia ut tusenvis av ulovlege etiopiarar frå kongedømet. Ulike menneskerettsinstansar har kritisert Saudi-Arabia for korleis dei har handsama saka.<a href="#cite_note-282">[282]</a> Over 500 000 udokumenterte arbeidarar - hovudsakleg frå Somalia, Etiopia og Jemen — er vortne arresterte og deporterte sidan 2013.<a href="#cite_note-283">[283]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Store_byar">Store byar</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Endre bolk: Store byar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=22" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Store byar">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <table class="navbox" style="width: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10" style="padding:0.3em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini" style="float: left; margin-left:0.75em"><ul><li class="nv-vis"><a href="/wiki/Mal:Store_byar_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Mal:Store byar i Saudi-Arabia"><abbr title="Vis denne malen">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskuter"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maldiskusjon:Store_byar_i_Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maldiskusjon:Store byar i Saudi-Arabia (sida finst ikkje)"><abbr title="Diskuter denne malen">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-endre"><a class="external text" href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mal:Store_byar_i_Saudi-Arabia&action=edit"><abbr title="Endre denne malen">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div> Største byar i <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saudi-Arabia</a> Central Department of Statistics & Information<a href="#cite_note-284">[284]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Byar_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Byar i Saudi-Arabia">Rang.</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Byar_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Byar i Saudi-Arabia">Namn</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Regionar_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Regionar i Saudi-Arabia">Regionar</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Byar_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Byar i Saudi-Arabia"> Innb.</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Byar_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Byar i Saudi-Arabia">Rang.</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Byar_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Byar i Saudi-Arabia">Namn</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Regionar_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Regionar i Saudi-Arabia">Regionar</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Byar_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Byar i Saudi-Arabia"> Innb.</a></th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Kingdom_Tower_at_night.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Riyadh"><img alt="Riyadh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Kingdom_Tower_at_night.JPG/120px-Kingdom_Tower_at_night.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Kingdom_Tower_at_night.JPG/180px-Kingdom_Tower_at_night.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Kingdom_Tower_at_night.JPG/240px-Kingdom_Tower_at_night.JPG 2x" data-file-width="691" data-file-height="461" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a> </td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">1</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Riyadh-regionen" title="Riyadh-regionen">Riyadh</a></td> <td align="right">5,328,228</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">11</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tabuk_i_Saudi-Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Tabuk i Saudi-Arabia">Tabuk</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tabuk-regionen" title="Tabuk-regionen">Tabuk</a></td> <td align="right">569,797 </td> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Mescidi_nebevi.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Medina"><img alt="Medina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Mescidi_nebevi.JPG/120px-Mescidi_nebevi.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Mescidi_nebevi.JPG/180px-Mescidi_nebevi.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Mescidi_nebevi.JPG/240px-Mescidi_nebevi.JPG 2x" data-file-width="795" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">2</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Jeddah" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeddah">Jeddah</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Mekka-regionen" title="Mekka-regionen">Mekka</a></td> <td align="right">3,456,259</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">12</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Ha%27il" title="Ha'il">Ha'il</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Ha%27il-regionen" class="mw-redirect" title="Ha'il-regionen">Ha'il</a></td> <td align="right">412,758 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">3</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Mekka" title="Mekka">Mekka</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Mekka-regionen" title="Mekka-regionen">Mekka</a></td> <td align="right">1,675,368</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">13</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Hafar_Al-Batin" title="Hafar Al-Batin">Hafar Al-Batin</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Austprovinsen_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Austprovinsen i Saudi-Arabia">Aust</a></td> <td align="right">389,993 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">4</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Madinah-regionen" title="Madinah-regionen">Medina</a></td> <td align="right">1,180,770</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">14</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Jubail" title="Jubail">Jubail</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Austprovinsen_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Austprovinsen i Saudi-Arabia">Aust</a></td> <td align="right">378,949 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">5</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Hofuf" title="Hofuf">Hofuf</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Austprovinsen_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Austprovinsen i Saudi-Arabia">Aust</a></td> <td align="right">1,063,112</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">15</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Al-Kharj" title="Al-Kharj">Al-Kharj</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Riyadh-regionen" title="Riyadh-regionen">Riyadh</a></td> <td align="right">376,325 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">6</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Ta%27if" title="Ta'if">Ta'if</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Mekka-regionen" title="Mekka-regionen">Mekka</a></td> <td align="right">987,914</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">16</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Qatif" title="Qatif">Qatif</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Austprovinsen_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Austprovinsen i Saudi-Arabia">Aust</a></td> <td align="right">371,182 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">7</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Dammam" title="Dammam">Dammam</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Austprovinsen_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Austprovinsen i Saudi-Arabia">Aust</a></td> <td align="right">903,597</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">17</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Abha" title="Abha">Abha</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Asir" title="Asir">Asir</a></td> <td align="right">366,551 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">8</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Khamis_Mushait" class="mw-redirect" title="Khamis Mushait">Khamis Mushait</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Asir" title="Asir">Asir</a></td> <td align="right">630,000</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">18</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Najran" title="Najran">Najran</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Najran-regionen" title="Najran-regionen">Najran</a></td> <td align="right">329,112 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">9</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Buraidah" class="mw-redirect" title="Buraidah">Buraidah</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Al-Qassim-regionen" title="Al-Qassim-regionen">Al-Qassim</a></td> <td align="right">614,093</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">19</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Yanbu" title="Yanbu">Yanbu</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Madinah-regionen" title="Madinah-regionen">Medina</a></td> <td align="right">298,675 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">10</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Khobar" class="mw-redirect" title="Khobar">Khobar</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Austprovinsen_i_Saudi-Arabia" title="Austprovinsen i Saudi-Arabia">Aust</a></td> <td align="right">578,500</td> <td align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;">20</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Al_Qunfudhah" title="Al Qunfudhah">Al Qunfudhah</a></td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Mekka-regionen" title="Mekka-regionen">Mekka</a></td> <td align="right">272,424 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kultur">Kultur</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Endre bolk: Kultur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=23" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kultur">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:While_pilgrims_are_performing_these_rites,_Muslims_who_are_not_at_Hajj_are_celebrating_the_Eid_al-Adha_holiday._-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/While_pilgrims_are_performing_these_rites%2C_Muslims_who_are_not_at_Hajj_are_celebrating_the_Eid_al-Adha_holiday._-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg/220px-While_pilgrims_are_performing_these_rites%2C_Muslims_who_are_not_at_Hajj_are_celebrating_the_Eid_al-Adha_holiday._-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/While_pilgrims_are_performing_these_rites%2C_Muslims_who_are_not_at_Hajj_are_celebrating_the_Eid_al-Adha_holiday._-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg/330px-While_pilgrims_are_performing_these_rites%2C_Muslims_who_are_not_at_Hajj_are_celebrating_the_Eid_al-Adha_holiday._-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/While_pilgrims_are_performing_these_rites%2C_Muslims_who_are_not_at_Hajj_are_celebrating_the_Eid_al-Adha_holiday._-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg/440px-While_pilgrims_are_performing_these_rites%2C_Muslims_who_are_not_at_Hajj_are_celebrating_the_Eid_al-Adha_holiday._-_Flickr_-_Al_Jazeera_English.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3216" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Steining_av_djevelen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steining av djevelen (sida finst ikkje)">Steining av djevelen</a> i Mina.</figcaption></figure> Saudi-Arabia har mange hundreår gamle haldningar og tradisjonar, som ofte stammar frå den arabiske sivilisasjonen. Denne kulturen er kraftig påverka av den strenge, puritanske <a href="/wiki/Wahhabi" class="mw-redirect" title="Wahhabi">wahhabi</a>-forma av islam som oppstod på 1700-talet og som no dominerer landet. Wahhabi-islam er vorten kalla «det mest dominerande trekket ved saudiarabisk kultur.»<a href="#cite_note-HT2003:_14-2">[2]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion_i_samfunnet">Religion i samfunnet</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Endre bolk: Religion i samfunnet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=24" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Religion i samfunnet">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca,_Saudi_Arabia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg/220px-Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg/330px-Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg/440px-Supplicating_Pilgrim_at_Masjid_Al_Haram._Mecca%2C_Saudi_Arabia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Pilegrimar ved <a href="/w/index.php?title=Masjid_Al_Haram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masjid Al Haram (sida finst ikkje)">Masjid Al Haram</a> i Mekka.</figcaption></figure> Saudi-Arabia skil seg frå moderne muslimske land ved å vera den einaste staten som «er vorten skapt av <a href="/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">jihad</a>, den einaste som brukar <a href="/wiki/Koranen" title="Koranen">Koranen</a> som grunnlova si», og det einaste arabisk-muslimske landet «som har unngått <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koloniriket&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koloniriket (sida finst ikkje)">europeisk imperialisme</a>.»<a href="#cite_note-NYRB2004-285">[285]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" class="mw-redirect" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a>-regionen og byane <a href="/wiki/Mekka" title="Mekka">Mekka</a> og <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a> er fødestaden til islam, målet for <a href="/wiki/Hajj" class="mw-redirect" title="Hajj">hajj</a>-pilegrimane og dei to mest heilage byane i islam.<a href="#cite_note-Arabia:_the_Cradle_of_islam-286">[286]</a> <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> er statsreligion i Saudi-Arabia og lova krev at alle borgarar er muslimar.<a href="#cite_note-depstate-287">[287]</a> Korkje saudiarabiske borgarar eller gjestearbeidarar har rett til <a href="/wiki/Religionsfridom" title="Religionsfridom">religionsfridom</a>.<a href="#cite_note-depstate-287">[287]</a> Den offisielle og dominerande forma for islam i kongedømet er <a href="/wiki/Wahhabisme" title="Wahhabisme">wahhabisme</a>, som oppstod i området <a href="/wiki/Najd" title="Najd">Najd</a> på 1700-talet. Tilhengjarar av retningar kallar det «<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salafisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salafisme (sida finst ikkje)">salafisme</a>»,<a href="#cite_note-The_Daily_Star-273">[273]</a> og meiner at wahhabi-læra reinsar utøvinga av islam gjennom nyvinningar eller praksisar som skil seg frå læra til <a href="/wiki/Muhammed" title="Muhammed">Muhammed</a> og fylgjesveinane hans frå 600-talet.<a href="#cite_note-288">[288]</a> Saudi-Arabia er eitt av få land som har eit religiøst politi (kalla haia eller mutaween) som patruljerer gatene og «påbyd godt og forbyd galt» ved å handheva korleis ein skal kle seg, strengt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kj%C3%B8nnskilje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kjønnskilje (sida finst ikkje)">skilja mellom menn og kvinner</a>, oppmøte ved bøn (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Salat_i_islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salat i islam (sida finst ikkje)">salat</a>) fem gonger om dagen, forbod mot alkohol og andre aspekt av <a href="/wiki/Sjaria" title="Sjaria">sjaria</a> (islamsk lov). Privat i heimen kan åtferda vera langt lausare og det er rapportert frå <a href="/wiki/Daily_Mail" title="Daily Mail">Daily Mail</a> og <a href="/wiki/WikiLeaks" title="WikiLeaks">WikiLeaks</a> om at den saudiarabiske kongefamilien har ein heilt annan moralsk kode sjølv, med festar, narkotika og sex.<a href="#cite_note-289">[289]</a> Kongedømet brukar <a href="/wiki/Den_islamske_kalenderen" class="mw-redirect" title="Den islamske kalenderen">den islamske kalenderen</a>, ein månekalder, og ikkje den internasjonale <a href="/wiki/Den_gregorianske_kalenderen" title="Den gregorianske kalenderen">gregorianske kalenderen</a>.<a href="#cite_note-290">[290]</a> Dagleglivet er dominert av islamsk praksis. Føretak er stengde tre til fire gonger om dagen<a href="#cite_note-291">[291]</a> i 30 til 45 minutt medan dei tilsette og kundar vert sende for å be.<a href="#cite_note-HT2009:_214-292">[292]</a> Helga er fredag og laurdag, ikkje laurdag og sundag, fordi fredagen er den heilagste dagen for muslimar.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-293">[293]</a><a href="#cite_note-294">[294]</a> I mange år var dei einaste to religiøse helgedagane som var offentleg godkjend <a href="/wiki/Id_al-fitr" class="mw-redirect" title="Id al-fitr">id al-fitr</a> og <a href="/wiki/Id_al-adha" class="mw-redirect" title="Id al-adha">id al-adha</a>. Id al-fitr er den «største» høgtida, ein tre dagar lang periode med «feiring, gåver og avslapping».<a href="#cite_note-HT2009:35-295">[295]</a> I 2004 var kring halvparten av sendetida på saudiarabisk statleg fjernsyn for religiøse saker.<a href="#cite_note-nyrob-relig-educ-296">[296]</a> 90 % av bøker publiserte i kongedømet har religiøse tema, og dei fleste doktorgradene på universiteta er innan islamske studiar.<a href="#cite_note-nyrob-relig-books-297">[297]</a> I det statlege skulesystemet er omtrent halvparten av pensum religiøst. Pensumet som over ein tolvårsperiode på barne- og ungdomsskulen dekkjer historie, litteratur og kultur frå den ikkje-muslimske verda, er totalt på berre 40 sider.<a href="#cite_note-nyrob-relig-educ-296">[296]</a> «Kraftig religiøs motstand» måtte overvinnast for å ta i bruk nyvinningar som papirpengar (i 1951), kvinneleg utdanning (1964). fjernsyn (1965) og avskaffing av slaveriet (1962).<a href="#cite_note-298">[298]</a> Offentleg støtte for tradisjonell politisk/religiøs struktur i kongedømet er så sterk at ein forskar som intervjua saudiarabarar fann ingen støtte i det heile for reformer for å sekularisere staten.<a href="#cite_note-299">[299]</a> På grunn av religiøse restriksjonar manglar saudiarabisk kultur mangfald i religiøse uttrykk, byggverk, årlege festivalar og offentlege hendingar.<a href="#cite_note-IRFR-300">[300]</a><a href="#cite_note-irf2013-301">[301]</a> Feiring av andre (ikkje-wahhabi) islamske høgtider, som <a href="/wiki/Mawlid" class="mw-redirect" title="Mawlid">fødselsdagen til Muhammed</a> og <a href="/wiki/Asjura" title="Asjura">ashuradagen</a> (ei viktig høgtid for 10–25 % av folkesetnaden <a href="#cite_note-demo-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-PF2009-269">[269]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc-shia-270">[270]</a><a href="#cite_note-cfr-shiite-271">[271]</a> som er <a href="/wiki/Sjia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sjia">sjiamuslimar</a>), er berre tolerert når det vert feira lokalt og i lite omfang.<a href="#cite_note-statsKSA-302">[302]</a> Sjiamuslimar vert òg diskriminerte innan tilsetjing, utdanning og rettssystemet ifylgje <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a>.<a href="#cite_note-303">[303]</a><a href="#cite_note-304">[304]</a><a href="#cite_note-305">[305]</a> Ikkje-muslimske festivalar som jul og påske er ikkje tolerert i det heile,<a href="#cite_note-Times-306">[306]</a> men det finst nesten ein million kristne i landet, i tillegg til <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">hinduar</a> og <a href="/wiki/Buddhist" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist">buddhistar</a> blant dei utanlandske arbeidarane.<a href="#cite_note-irf2010-307">[307]</a><a href="#cite_note-Times-306">[306]</a> Det finst ingen kyrkjer, tempel eller andre ikkje-muslimske sakralbygg i landet. <a href="/wiki/Forkynning" title="Forkynning">Forkynning</a> av ikkje-muslimsk tru og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fr%C3%A5fall_i_islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fråfall i islam (sida finst ikkje)">konvertering frå islam til ein annan religion</a> er ulovleg<a href="#cite_note-irf2010-307">[307]</a> og fram til 2014 var distribusjon av «publikasjonar som inneheld andre religiøse trusretningar enn islam» (som <a href="/wiki/Bibelen" title="Bibelen">Bibelen</a>), visstnok straffbart med døden.<a href="#cite_note-308">[308]</a><a href="#cite_note-309">[309]</a> I skadeerstatningstilfelle ([dDiyya]]) vert ikkje-muslimar verdsett mindre enn muslimar.<a href="#cite_note-Times-306">[306]</a> Ateistar er ifylgje lova erklært terroristar.<a href="#cite_note-310">[310]</a> Saudiarabarar eller utlendingar som «stiller spørsmål ved det fundamentale i islamsk religion som landet er basert på» kan dømmast til så mykje som 20 år i fengsel.<a href="#cite_note-311">[311]</a> Og minst ein religiøs minoritet, <a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya" title="Ahmadiyya">ahmadiyya</a>-muslimane,er vortne deporterte,<a href="#cite_note-312">[312]</a> sidan dei i samsvar med lova er bannlyst frå å koma inn i landet.<a href="#cite_note-313">[313]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Islamske_stader">Islamske stader</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Endre bolk: Islamske stader" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=25" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Islamske stader">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:(S.A.W)_grave.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/%28S.A.W%29_grave.jpg/220px-%28S.A.W%29_grave.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/%28S.A.W%29_grave.jpg/330px-%28S.A.W%29_grave.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/%28S.A.W%29_grave.jpg/440px-%28S.A.W%29_grave.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moskeen_til_profeten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moskeen til profeten (sida finst ikkje)">Moskeen til profeten</a> i <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a> med grava til <a href="/wiki/Muhammed" title="Muhammed">Muhammed</a>.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Wahhabisme" title="Wahhabisme">Wahhabisme</a> er i mot å gje historiske og religiøse stader noko religiøs meining, sidan dei fryktar at det kan føra til <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirk_i_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shirk i Islam (sida finst ikkje)">'shirk'</a> (tilbeding), og dei viktigaste historiske, muslimske stadene (i Mekka og Medina) ligg i den vestlege regionen <a href="/wiki/Hejaz" class="mw-redirect" title="Hejaz">Hejaz</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Arabia:_the_Cradle_of_islam-286">[286]</a> Som fylgje av dette er det estimert at 95 % av dei historiske bygningane i Mekka, dei fleste over tusen år gamle, er vortne øydelagde under det saudiarabiske styret på grunn av religiøse årsaker.<a href="#cite_note-314">[314]</a> Kritikarar hevdar at i dei siste 50 åra har 300 historiske stader knytte til Muhammed, familien hans eller fylgjesveinane hans, gått tapt,<a href="#cite_note-315">[315]</a> og at det er færre enn 20 bygg att i Mekka som er daterte attende til Muhammed si tid.<a href="#cite_note-independent.co.uk-316">[316]</a> Av øyde-lagde bygg finn ein moskeen som vart bygd av dotter hans Muhammed, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fatima_bint_Muhammad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fatima bint Muhammad (sida finst ikkje)">Fatima</a>, og andre moskear grunnlagde av <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a> (svigerfar hans Muhammed og den fyrste <a href="/wiki/Kalif" title="Kalif">kalifen</a>), <a href="/wiki/Umar_ibn_al-Khattab" class="mw-redirect" title="Umar ibn al-Khattab">Umar</a> (den andre kalifen), <a href="/wiki/Ali_ibn_Abi_Talib" title="Ali ibn Abi Talib">Ali</a> (svigerson hans Muhammed og den fjerde kalifen) og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salman_al-Farsi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salman al-Farsi (sida finst ikkje)">Salman al-Farsi</a> (ein fylgjesvein av Muhammed).<a href="#cite_note-317">[317]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Klede">Klede</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Endre bolk: Klede" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=26" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Klede">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Saudiarabiske klede fylgjer strengt <a href="/wiki/Hijab" class="mw-redirect" title="Hijab">hijab</a>-prinsippa (det islamske prinsippet om <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anstendigheit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anstendigheit (sida finst ikkje)">sømd</a>, særleg med korleis ein kler seg). Dei hovudsakleg lause og flagrande, men heildekkjande kleda, høver godt til ørkenklimaet i Saudi-Arabia. Tradisjonelt hadde menn kvite fotside klede av ull eller bomull (kalla ein <a href="/wiki/Thawb" class="mw-redirect" title="Thawb">thawb</a>), med ein <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keffiyeh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keffiyeh (sida finst ikkje)">keffiyeh</a> (ein stor ruteforma firkant av bomull som vert halden på plass av ein <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agal (sida finst ikkje)">agal</a>) eller ein <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keffiyeh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keffiyeh (sida finst ikkje)">ghutra</a> (ein kvit firkant av finare bomull, og halden på plass av ein <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agal (sida finst ikkje)">agal</a>) på hovudet. På sjeldan kjølige dagar har saudiarabiske menn ei <a href="/wiki/Kamel" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamel">kamelhårskappe</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bisht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bisht (sida finst ikkje)">bisht</a>) over toppen. Kvinner er kledde i ein svart <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abaya (sida finst ikkje)">abaya</a> eller andre svarte klede som dekkjer alt under halsen med unnatak av hender og føter, men dei fleste kvinner dekkjer til hovudet i respekt for religionen. Dette vert kravd òg hjå ikkje-muslimske kvinner og fylgjer ein ikkje dette kan ein få politiet etter seg, særleg i meir konservative område av landet. Kvinnekleda er ofte dekorerte med stammemotiv, myntar, paljettar, metallisk tråd og applikasjonar. <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghutrah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghutrah (sida finst ikkje)">Ghutrah</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">arabisk</a> غتره) er eit tradisjonelt <a href="/wiki/Hovudplagg" title="Hovudplagg">hovudplagg</a> som arabiske menn typisk går med. Det er eit firkanta klede (skjerf), vanlegvis i bomull, som er brett og svøypt på ymse måtar kring hovudet. Det vert ofte gått med i turt klima for å verna hovudet mot direkte solskin, og for å verna munnen og augo frå støv og sand i lufta.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agal (sida finst ikkje)">Agal</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">arabisk</a> عقال) er eit arabisk hovudplagg som er eit band festa kring <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghutrah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghutrah (sida finst ikkje)">ghutrahen</a> for å halda han på plass. Agalen er vanlegvis svart.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thawb" class="mw-redirect" title="Thawb">Thawb</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">arabisk</a> ثوب) er eit standardarabisk ord for kleplagg. Han går ned til okla og har vanlegvis lange ermar, som ein <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robe (sida finst ikkje)">robe</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bisht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bisht (sida finst ikkje)">Bisht</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">arabisk</a> بشت) er ei tradisjonell arabisk <a href="/wiki/Kappe" title="Kappe">kappe</a>, vanlegvis nytta ved spesielle høve som bryllaup.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abaya (sida finst ikkje)">Abaya</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk">arabisk</a> عبائة) er eit kvinneplagg. Det er ei svart kappe som sit laust og dekkjer heile kroppen utanom hovudet. Somme kvinner vel å dekkja andletet med ein <a href="/w/index.php?title=Niq%C4%81b&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niqāb (sida finst ikkje)">niqāb</a> medan andre ikkje gjer det. Somme abayaer dekkjer òg toppen av hovudet.<a href="#cite_note-LA_Times-318">[318]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kunst_og_underhaldning">Kunst og underhaldning</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Endre bolk: Kunst og underhaldning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=27" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kunst og underhaldning">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:King_Abdullah_in_his_youth.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/King_Abdullah_in_his_youth.jpg/220px-King_Abdullah_in_his_youth.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="277" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/King_Abdullah_in_his_youth.jpg/330px-King_Abdullah_in_his_youth.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/King_Abdullah_in_his_youth.jpg/440px-King_Abdullah_in_his_youth.jpg 2x" data-file-width="481" data-file-height="606" /></a><figcaption>Kong Abdullah praktiserer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkejakt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Falkejakt (sida finst ikkje)">falkejakt</a>, ein tradisjonell fritidsaktivitet i Saudi-Arabia.</figcaption></figure> I 1970-åra var det mange kinoar i Saudi-Arabia sjølv om dette ikkje var i tråd med wahhabi-normene.<a href="#cite_note-Return_of_cinema_in_Saudi-Arabia_provokes_critics-319">[319]</a> Under <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_islamske_vekkinga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den islamske vekkinga (sida finst ikkje)">den islamske vekkinga</a> i 1980-åra, og som eit politisk svar på den auka <a href="/wiki/Islamist" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamist">islamist</a>-aktivismen, der mellom anna Stormoskeen i Mekka vart innteken i 1979, stengde staten alle kinoar. Men kong Abdullah sette i gang reformer i 2005 då somme kinoar vart opna på ny,<a href="#cite_note-LA_Times-318">[318]</a> mellom anna ved <a href="/w/index.php?title=King_Abdullah_University_of_Science_and_Technology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (sida finst ikkje)">KAUST</a>. Frå 1700-talet og frametter har <a href="/wiki/Wahhabi" class="mw-redirect" title="Wahhabi">wahhabi</a>-fundamentalisme motverka kunstnarisk utvikling som ikkje er konsistent med wahhabi-læra. I tillegg har det sunniislamske forbodet mot å avbilda folk avgrensa visuell kunst, som har ein tendens til å vera dominert av geometrisk, blomstrete og abstrakt design og <a href="/wiki/Kalligrafi" title="Kalligrafi">kalligrafi</a>. Etter kvart som oljerikdomen auka på 1900-talet vart landet eksponert for utlandet, og bygg, møblar og klede vart inspirerte av Vesten. Musikk og dans har alltid vore ein del av saudiarabisk liv. Tradisjonell musikk er generelt knytt til dikt og sungen i lag. Instrument er mellom anna rabābah, eit instrument som liknar ei fele med tre strengar, og ulike perkusjonsinstrument, som ṭabl (tromme) og ṭār (tamburin). Av nasjonale dansar er den mest populære ein krigslinedans kalla ʿarḍah, der rekkjer av menn, ofte væpna med sverd eller gevær, dansar til rytmen av trommer og tamburinar. Beduinpoesi, kalla nabaṭī, er framleis særs populært.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica-75">[75]</a> Sensur har avgrensa utviklinga av saudiarabisk litteratur, sjølv om fleire saudiarabiske romanforfattarar og diktarar er vortne kritikarrost og har selt godt i den arabiske verda. Dei er derimot vortne dårleg mottekne offentleg i heimlandet. Av desse finn ein <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghazi_Algosaibi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghazi Algosaibi (sida finst ikkje)">Ghazi Algosaibi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdelrahman_Munif&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdelrahman Munif (sida finst ikkje)">Abdelrahman Munif</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turki_al-Hamad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turki al-Hamad (sida finst ikkje)">Turki al-Hamad</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rajaa_al-Sanea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rajaa al-Sanea (sida finst ikkje)">Rajaa al-Sanea</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Guardian2410-320">[320]</a><a href="#cite_note-321">[321]</a><a href="#cite_note-322">[322]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Idrett">Idrett</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Endre bolk: Idrett" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=28" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Idrett">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Fotball" title="Fotball">Fotball</a> er nasjonalsporten i Saudi-Arabia. <a href="/wiki/Dykking" title="Dykking">Dykking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brettsegling" title="Brettsegling">brettsegling</a>, segling og basketball er òg populært, og vert spelt av både kvinner og menn. Det saudiarabiske landslaget i basketball tok bronse i Asiameisterskapen i 1999.<a href="#cite_note-323">[323]</a><a href="#cite_note-324">[324]</a><a href="#cite_note-325">[325]</a> Meir tradisjonelle idrettar som <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamell%C3%B8p&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamelløp (sida finst ikkje)">kamelløp</a> vart populære i 1970-åra. Det vert halde løp på eit stadion i Riyadh kvar vinter. Det årlege kongelege kamelløpet som byrja i 1974 er ein av dei viktigaste konkurransane innan idretten med deltakarar frå heile regionen. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Falkejakt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Falkejakt (sida finst ikkje)">Falkejakt</a> er framleis populært.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica-75">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mat">Mat</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Endre bolk: Mat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=29" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Mat">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudiarabisk_mat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saudiarabisk mat (sida finst ikkje)">Saudiarabisk mat</a> liknar kjøkenet til nabolanda på Den arabiske halvøya, og har vore påverka av tyrkisk, indisk, persisk og afrikansk mat. Ifylgje islam er det ikkje lov å eta svinekjøt eller andre dyr som ikkje er slakta i tråd med <a href="/wiki/Halal" title="Halal">halal</a>. Ein rett av fylt lam, kalla khūzī, er ein tradisjonell <a href="/wiki/Nasjonalrett" title="Nasjonalrett">nasjonalrett</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kebab" title="Kebab">Kebab</a> er populært, og det same er shāwarmā (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Shawarma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shawarma (sida finst ikkje)">shawarma</a>), ein marinerte grilla kjøtrett av <a href="/wiki/Lam" class="mw-redirect" title="Lam">lam</a>, <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A5r" class="mw-redirect" title="Får">får</a> eller kylling. Som i andre arabiske land på Den arabiske halvøya er machbūs (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabsa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kabsa (sida finst ikkje)">kabsa</a>), ein risrett med fisk eller <a href="/wiki/Reker" title="Reker">reker</a>, populær. <a href="/wiki/Flatbr%C3%B8d" title="Flatbrød">Flatbrød</a> høyrer med til nesten kvart einaste måltid, og det same gjer <a href="/wiki/Dadlar" class="mw-redirect" title="Dadlar">dadlar</a> og fersk frukt. Kaffi, servert på <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tyrkisk_kaffi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tyrkisk kaffi (sida finst ikkje)">tyrkisk måte</a>, er ein tradisjonell drykk.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica-75">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Samfunnsproblem">Samfunnsproblem</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=30" title="Endre bolk: Samfunnsproblem" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=30" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Samfunnsproblem">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Økonomiske vanskar og det at Saudi-Arabia er eit religiøst, islamsk land, har skapt fleire samfunnsproblem. Ei sjeldan uavhengig meiningsmåling i 2010 indikerte at saudiarabarar var mest uroa over arbeidsløyse (10 % i 2010<a href="#cite_note-326">[326]</a>), korrupsjon og religiøs ekstremisme.<a href="#cite_note-327">[327]</a><a href="#cite_note-328">[328]</a> Kriminalitet har ikkje vore eit stort problem.<a href="#cite_note-Library_of_Congress_2006-211">[211]</a> Men ungdomskriminalitet som <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tafheet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tafheet (sida finst ikkje)">tafheet</a> (ulovlege veddeløp), dopmisbruk og alkoholbruk er eit aukande problem. Høg arbeidsløyse og ein generasjon unge menn som er misnøgd med kongefamilien er ein stor trugsel mot stabiliteten i det saudiarabiske samfunnet. Somme saudiarabarar meiner dei har rett på godt betalte, statlege jobbar, og då staten ikkje har klart å oppfylla denne kjensla av rett til jobb, har det ført til stor misnøye.<a href="#cite_note-Saudi-Arabia_2010-329">[329]</a><a href="#cite_note-Nation-330">[330]</a><a href="#cite_note-331">[331]</a> <dl><dt>Barnemishandling</dt></dl> Ifylgje ein studie utført av dr. Nura Al-Suwaiyan, direktør for familietryggleiksproframmet ved eit nasjonalt sjukehus, vert eitt av fire <a href="/wiki/Barnemishandling" title="Barnemishandling">barn mishandla</a> i Saudi-Arabia.<a href="#cite_note-332">[332]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Society_for_Human_Rights&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Society for Human Rights (sida finst ikkje)">National Society for Human Rights</a> rapporterer at nesten 45 % av barna i landet vert utsett for ei eller anna form for misbruk og vald i heimen.<a href="#cite_note-333">[333]</a> Det vert òg hevda at menneskesmugling av kvinner er eit stort problem, og at smutthòl i lova gjer at mange av dei vert utsette for mishandling og tortur.<a href="#cite_note-334">[334]</a> I 2013 vedtok staten ei lov som kriminaliserte vald mot barn i heimen.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_Usher-335">[335]</a> <dl><dt>Framandgjering av ungdom</dt></dl> Som mange muslimske land i Midtausten veks folketalet i Saudi-Arabia snøgt og ein stor prosentdel av folkesetnaden er under 30 år,<a href="#cite_note-336">[336]</a> og ein reknar med at det vil verta store endringar i saudiarabisk kultur når denne generasjonen vert eldre, og mange ting tyder på at liva deira og nivået av tilfredsheit vil vera annleis enn generasjonen før dei. <ul><li>I fleire tiår har saudiarabarar klart å venta seg lite krevjande, godt betalte statlege jobbar,<a href="#cite_note-Saudi-Arabia_2010-329">[329]</a> men no er det mindre oljeinntekter etter at folkeveksten har auka og dårleg utdanning avgrensar høvet til å verta tilsett i privat sektor. Ungdomen har ikkje den same forståinga av kor mykje levestandarden har endra seg sidan midten av 1900-talet som det foreldra hadde. Gjennomsnittsalderen for kongen og kronprinsen er 74, og dei er nesten 50 år eldre enn store delar av folkesetnaden.<a href="#cite_note-Murphy-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-econ-337">[337]</a><a href="#cite_note-House-221-338">[338]</a></li> <li>Ungdomslivsstilen frå verda utanfor kjem på kant med den saudiarabiske kulturen om streng religiøs lydnad og likskap.<a href="#cite_note-House-103-339">[339]</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Innavl</dt></dl> Saudi-Arabia er av dei landa som har flest ekteskap mellom syskenborn og tremenningar i verda. Tradisjonelt vart dette nytta til å «sikra tilhøva mellom stammer og halda på familierikdomen»,<a href="#cite_note-cousin-340">[340]</a> Praksisen har vorte rekna som ein medverkande faktor til at ein har fleire alvorlege, genetiske sjukdomar som <a href="/wiki/Cystisk_fibrose" title="Cystisk fibrose">cystisk fibrose</a> eller <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thalassemi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thalassemi (sida finst ikkje)">thalassemi</a>, ein blodsjukdom, type 2 diabetes (som råkar kring 32 % av vaksne saudiarabarar), høgt blodtrykk, (som råkar 33 %),<a href="#cite_note-WSJ-341">[341]</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sigdcellemangel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sigdcellemangel (sida finst ikkje)">sigdcellemangel</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryggmuskelsvinn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ryggmuskelsvinn (sida finst ikkje)">ryggmuskelsvinn</a> og fleire dauve og stumme.<a href="#cite_note-342">[342]</a> <dl><dt>Fattigdom</dt></dl> Det estimert at talet på saudiarabarar under fattigdomsgrensa varierer frå 12,7%<a href="#cite_note-lowWR-343">[343]</a> og 2 5%<a href="#cite_note-Sullivan-344">[344]</a> Avisrapportar og private estimerte i 2013 at «mellom to og fire millionar» av dei innfødde saudiarabarane i landet lever på «mindre enn kring 530 dollar i månaden» – kring 17 dollar om dagen - som vert rekna som fattigdomsgrensa i Saudi-Arabia. Som kontrast estimerer magasinet Forbes at den personlege formuen til kong Abdullah er på 18 milliardar dollar.<a href="#cite_note-Sullivan-344">[344]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kvinner">Kvinner</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=31" title="Endre bolk: Kvinner" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=31" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kvinner">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Kvinner har ikkje dei same rettane som menn i kongedømet. Det amerikanske utanriksdepartementet reknar den saudiarabiske staten si diskriminering av kvinner som eit «stort problem» i Saudi-Arabia og uttaler at kvinner har få politiske rettar på grunn av diskrimineringspolitikken til staten.<a href="#cite_note-State2010-345">[345]</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Economic_Forum" class="mw-redirect" title="World Economic Forum">World Economic Forum</a> 2010 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Global_Gender_Gap_Report&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Global Gender Gap Report (sida finst ikkje)">Global Gender Gap Report</a> rangerte Saudi-Arabia på 129. plass av 134 land for likestilling mellom menn og kvinner.<a href="#cite_note-346">[346]</a> Andre kjelder har klaga på mangelen på lover som kriminaliserer vald mot kvinner.<a href="#cite_note-State2010-345">[345]</a> I august 2013 vart det vedteke ei lov som kriminaliserte vald mot kvinner i heimen. Straffa er 12 månader i fengsel og bøter opp mot 50 000 riyal (13 000 USD).<a href="#cite_note-BBC_Usher-335">[335]</a><a href="#cite_note-«AlJazeeraAmerica»-347">[347]</a><a href="#cite_note-348">[348]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Young_Saudi_Arabian_woman_in_Abha.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Young_Saudi_Arabian_woman_in_Abha.jpg/170px-Young_Saudi_Arabian_woman_in_Abha.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Young_Saudi_Arabian_woman_in_Abha.jpg/255px-Young_Saudi_Arabian_woman_in_Abha.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Young_Saudi_Arabian_woman_in_Abha.jpg/340px-Young_Saudi_Arabian_woman_in_Abha.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Ei kvinne med <a href="/w/index.php?title=Niq%C4%81b&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Niqāb (sida finst ikkje)">niqāb</a>. Under saudiarabisk lov må kvinner ha på hijab, men niqab er valfritt.</figcaption></figure> Etter saudiarabisk lov må kvar kvinne ha ein mannleg slektning som «verge»,<a href="#cite_note-State2010-345">[345]</a> og ho må ha løyve frå han for å kunna reisa, studera eller arbeida.<a href="#cite_note-State2010-345">[345]</a><a href="#cite_note-HRWPM2-349">[349]</a><a href="#cite_note-HRWPM2-349">[349]</a><a href="#cite_note-350">[350]</a> Ifylgje ein leiande saudiarabisk feminist og journalist, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wajeha_al-Huwaider&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wajeha al-Huwaider (sida finst ikkje)">Wajeha al-Huwaider</a>, er «saudiarabiske kvinner svake same kor høg status dei har, sjølv dei som vert 'bortskjemde', fordi dei ikkje har lover som vernar dei mot åtak frå kven som helst.»<a href="#cite_note-351">[351]</a> Kvinner møter diskriminering i retten, der vitnemålet til ein mann er like sterkt som vitnemålet til to kvinner i familie- eller arverett.<a href="#cite_note-State2010-345">[345]</a> <a href="/wiki/Polygami" title="Polygami">Polygami</a> er lov for menn,<a href="#cite_note-352">[352]</a> og menn har lov til å skilja seg frå konene sine (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Skilsmisse_i_islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skilsmisse i islam (sida finst ikkje)">talaq</a>) utan rettsgyldig grunnlag.<a href="#cite_note-Otto164-353">[353]</a> Ei kvinne kan berre få skilsmisse ved samtykke frå ektemannen, eller via retten om ektemannen har skada ho.<a href="#cite_note-Otto163-354">[354]</a> I praksis er det særs vanskeleg for ei saudiarabisk kvinne å få skilsmisse gjennom retten.<a href="#cite_note-Otto163-354">[354]</a> Med omsyn til arverett spesifiserer Koranen at visse delar av eigedomen til den avdøde må gjevast til dei koranske arvingane<a href="#cite_note-Otto165-355">[355]</a> og generelt får kvinner halvparten av det dei mannlege arvingane får.<a href="#cite_note-Otto165-355">[355]</a> Den gjennomsnittlege alderen for ekteskap for saudiarabiske kvinner er 25 år,<a href="#cite_note-356">[356]</a><a href="#cite_note-357">[357]</a><a href="#cite_note-358">[358]</a> og barnebryllaup er ikkje lenger vanleg.<a href="#cite_note-359">[359]</a> I 2015 utgjorde saudiarabiske kvinner berre 13 % av arbeidsstyrken i landet, trass i at dei utgjorde 51 % av alle personar med akademisk grad.<a href="#cite_note-360">[360]</a> Lesekunna hos kvinner er estimert til å vera 81 %, som er lågare enn hjå mennene.<a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook-251">[251]</a><a href="#cite_note-unicef-literacy-361">[361]</a> Fedme er eit problem hjå saudiarabarar i middelklassa og overklassa som har tenarar til å gjera tradisjonelt arbeid for seg, men som ikkje har lov til å køyra bil og difor ikkje kjem seg or huset.<a href="#cite_note-beliefs-362">[362]</a> Det religiøse politiet, kalla mutawaen, påtvingar kvinnene mange restriksjonar i det offentlege livet i Saudi-Arabia.<a href="#cite_note-State2010-345">[345]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dammer-363">[363]</a> Restriksjonane gjer at kvinner må sitja for seg sjølve i spesialutforma familieseksjonar på restaurantar, må gå kledde med ein <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abaya (sida finst ikkje)">abaya</a> og må dekkja til håret sitt.<a href="#cite_note-State2010-345">[345]</a> Kvinner har heller ikkje lov til å køyra bil.<a href="#cite_note-reuters-364">[364]</a> Fleire saudiarabiske kvinner har nådd høge stillingar i arbeidsmarknaden, som til dømes dr. Ghada Al-Mutairi som leiar eit medisinsk forskingssenter i California<a href="#cite_note-alarabiya.net-365">[365]</a> og dr. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salwa_Al-Hazzaa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salwa Al-Hazzaa (sida finst ikkje)">Salwa Al-Hazzaa</a> som leiar oftalmologisk avdeling ved <a href="/w/index.php?title=King_Faisal_Specialist_Hospital&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="King Faisal Specialist Hospital (sida finst ikkje)">King Faisal Specialist Hospital</a> i Riyadh.<a href="#cite_note-366">[366]</a> Den 25. september 2011 annonserte kong Abdullah at saudiarabiske kvinner skulle få røysterett og kunne veljast inn i kommunestyra etter den neste valrunden. Den mannlege verja måtte derimot gje løyve til at kvinna kunne få røysta.<a href="#cite_note-367">[367]</a><a href="#cite_note-368">[368]</a> Somme kvinner har òg stor makt i heimen, og vel ofte «kvar borna skal gå på skule, med kven og når dei skal gifta seg, og om ektemannen skal godta ein ny jobb, kven familien skal sosialisera seg med og kvar familien skal bu og dra på ferie.» Kvinnelege nettverk er medverkande til å gje «ektemennene, sønene og slektningar til venene sine viktige stillingar».<a href="#cite_note-99Miller-108-369">[369]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Utdanning">Utdanning</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=32" title="Endre bolk: Utdanning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=32" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Utdanning">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> Utdanning er gratis på alle nivå. Skulesystemet består av grunnskule og vidaregåande skule. Ein stor del av pensum på alle nivå er vigd til islam, og på vidaregåande skule må ein velja om ein skal fylgja ei religiøs eller teknisk utdanning. Lesekunna er 90,4 % for menn og kring 81,3 % for kvinner.<a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook-251">[251]</a> Skuleklassene er delte etter kjønn. Høgare utdanning har vorte kraftig utvida dei siste åra med mange nye universitet og høgskular sidan 2000. Av institusjonar for høgare utdanning finn ein <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kong_Saud_universitet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kong Saud universitet (sida finst ikkje)">Kong Saud-universitetet</a> som vart grunnlagd i 1957, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Det_islamske_universitetet_i_Madinah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Det islamske universitetet i Madinah (sida finst ikkje)">Det islamske universitetet</a> i <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a> grunnlagd i 1961, og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kong_Abdulaziz_universitet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kong Abdulaziz universitet (sida finst ikkje)">Kong Abdulaziz-universitet</a> i <a href="/wiki/Jeddah" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeddah">Jeddah</a> grunnlagd i 1967. Andre høgskular og universitet legg vekt på pensum innan vitskap og teknologi, militærstudiar, religion og medisin. Det finst særleg mange institutt for islamske studium.<a href="#cite_note-Britannica-75">[75]</a> Ifylgje kritikarar er ikkje saudiarabisk pensum berre dominert av islam, men lid under <a href="/wiki/Wahhabi" class="mw-redirect" title="Wahhabi">wahhabi</a>-dogma som fremjar hat mot ikkje-muslimar og ikkje-wahhabiar<a href="#cite_note-FH-education-370">[370]</a> og manglar teknisk undervisning og anna undervisning som er nyttig for produktive yrke.<a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook-251">[251]</a><a href="#cite_note-chronicle.com-371">[371]</a> Memorering av store delar av Koranen på rams, tolking og forståing (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tafsir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tafsir (sida finst ikkje)">tafsir</a>) av Koranen, og deltaking av islamsk tradisjon i kvardagslivet er kjernen i pensum. Religion lært på denne måten er òg obligatorisk for alle universitetsstudentar.<a href="#cite_note-372">[372]</a> Som fylgje av dette manglar saudiarabisk ungdom «generell utdanning og teknisk kunne som privatsektoren treng» ifylgje CIA.<a href="#cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook-251">[251]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Chronicle_of_Higher_Education&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Chronicle of Higher Education (sida finst ikkje)">The Chronicle of Higher Education</a> skreiv i 2010 at «landet treng utdanna, unge saudiarabarar med salbar kompetanse og kapasitet for nyvinning og entrepenørskap. Det saudiarabiske utdanningssystemet klarar ikkje dette sidan det er gjennomtrengt av pugglæring og religiøse instruksjonar.»<a href="#cite_note-chronicle.com-371">[371]</a> Den religiøse sektoren av saudiarabisk, nasjonalt pensum vart undersøkt i 2006 av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Freedom_House&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Freedom House (sida finst ikkje)">Freedom House</a> som konkluderte med at «religiøst pensum i saudiarabiske offentlege skular framleis fremjar ein hat-ideologi mot 'vantru', det vil seia kristne, jødar, sjiamuslimar, sufiar, sunnimuslimar som ikkje fylgjer wahhabi-doktrinen, <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">hinduar</a>, ateistar og andre».<a href="#cite_note-373">[373]</a><a href="#cite_note-374">[374]</a> Det saudiarabiske, religiøse pensumet vert lært utanfor kongedømet via saudarabiske <a href="/w/index.php?title=Madrasah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madrasah (sida finst ikkje)">madrasah</a>, skular og klubbar over heile verda.<a href="#cite_note-«Panorama-375">[375]</a> Saudi-Arabia støttar <a href="/wiki/Wahhabisme" title="Wahhabisme">wahhabismelæra</a> som <a href="/wiki/Sunniislam" title="Sunniislam">sunniislamske</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jihadist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jihadist (sida finst ikkje)">jihadistgrupper</a> sluttar seg til, som <a href="/wiki/Den_islamske_staten_Irak_og_Levanten" class="mw-redirect" title="Den islamske staten Irak og Levanten">ISIS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaida" title="Al-Qaida">Al-Qaida</a> og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Nusra-fronten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Nusra-fronten (sida finst ikkje)">Nusra-fronten</a>. Denne radikale læra finn stad i saudiarabisk-betalte moskear og <a href="/w/index.php?title=Madrasas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madrasas (sida finst ikkje)">madrasas</a> i den islamske verda frå <a href="/wiki/Marokko" title="Marokko">Marokko</a> til <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> til <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-376">[376]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kjelder">Kjelder</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=33" title="Endre bolk: Kjelder" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=33" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kjelder">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <div class="references-small"> <ul><li>Denne artikkelen bygger på «<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" class="extiw" title="en:Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>» frå <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" class="extiw" title="en:Main Page">Wikipedia på engelsk</a>, den 13. oktober 2015. <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" class="extiw" title="en:Main Page">Wikipedia på engelsk</a> oppgav desse kjeldene:</li></ul></li> <li><cite id="HT2009" class="citation book">Tripp, Harvey; North, Peter (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/CultureShockSaudiArabia/Culture%20Shock!%20Saudi%20Arabia_djvu.txt">CultureShock! A Survival Guide to Customs and Etiquette. Saudi Arabia</a> (3rd utg.). Marshall Cavendish.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=North%2C+Peter&rft.aufirst=Harvey&rft.aulast=Tripp&rft.btitle=CultureShock%21+A+Survival+Guide+to+Customs+and+Etiquette.+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2009&rft.edition=3rd&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Marshall+Cavendish&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FCultureShockSaudiArabia%2FCulture%2520Shock%21%2520Saudi%2520Arabia_djvu.txt&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li></ul> <ul><li><cite id="HT2003" class="citation book">Tripp, Harvey; North, Peter (2003). Culture Shock, Saudi Arabia. A Guide to Customs and Etiquette. Singapore; Portland, Oregon: Times Media Private Limited.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=North%2C+Peter&rft.aufirst=Harvey&rft.aulast=Tripp&rft.btitle=Culture+Shock%2C+Saudi+Arabia.+A+Guide+to+Customs+and+Etiquette&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Singapore%3B+Portland%2C+Oregon&rft.pub=Times+Media+Private+Limited&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li><cite id="Abir1987" class="citation book">Abir, Mordechai (1987). Saudi Arabia in the oil era: regime and elites : conflict and collaboration. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-7099-5129-2" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-7099-5129-2">978-0-7099-5129-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.aufirst=Mordechai&rft.aulast=Abir&rft.btitle=Saudi+Arabia+in+the+oil+era%3A+regime+and+elites+%3A+conflict+and+collaboration&rft.date=1987&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7099-5129-2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li><cite id="Abir1993" class="citation book">Abir, Mordechai (1993). Saudi Arabia: Government, Society, and the Persiabukta Crisis. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-415-09325-5" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-415-09325-5">978-0-415-09325-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Abir%2C+Mordechai&rft.btitle=Saudi+Arabia%3A+Government%2C+Society%2C+and+the+Persiabukta+Crisis&rft.date=1993&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-415-09325-5&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li><cite id="Al-Rasheed" class="citation book">Al-Rasheed, Madawi (2010). A History of Saudi Arabia. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-521-74754-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-521-74754-7">978-0-521-74754-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Al-Rasheed%2C+Madawi&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-521-74754-7&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li><cite id="Bowen" class="citation book">Bowen, Wayne H. (2007). The History of Saudi Arabia. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-313-34012-3" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-313-34012-3">978-0-313-34012-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Bowen%2C+Wayne+H.&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-313-34012-3&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li><cite id="Hegghammer" class="citation book">Hegghammer, Thomas (2010). Jihad in Saudi Arabia: Violence and Pan-Islamism Since 1979. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-521-73236-9" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-521-73236-9">978-0-521-73236-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Hegghammer%2C+Thomas&rft.btitle=Jihad+in+Saudi+Arabia%3A+Violence+and+Pan-Islamism+Since+1979&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-521-73236-9&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li><cite id="House" class="citation book">House, Karen Elliott (18. september 2012). On Saudi-Arabia: Its People, Past, Religion, Fault Lines—and Future. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_A._Knopf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfred A. Knopf (sida finst ikkje)">Alfred A. Knopf</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/0307272168" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/0307272168">0307272168</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.aufirst=Karen+Elliott&rft.aulast=House&rft.btitle=On+Saudi-Arabia%3A+Its+People%2C+Past%2C+Religion%2C+Fault+Lines%94and+Future&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0307272168&rft.pub=Alfred+A.+Knopf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li><cite id="Long" class="citation book">Long, David E. (2005). Culture and Customs of Saudi Arabia. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-313-32021-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-313-32021-7">978-0-313-32021-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.aufirst=David+E.&rft.aulast=Long&rft.btitle=Culture+and+Customs+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-313-32021-7&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li><cite id="Malbouisson" class="citation book">Malbouisson, Cofie D. (2007). Focus on islamic issues. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-60021-204-8" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-60021-204-8">978-1-60021-204-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.aufirst=Cofie+D.&rft.aulast=Malbouisson&rft.btitle=Focus+on+islamic+issues&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-60021-204-8&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li><cite id="Otto" class="citation book">Otto, Jan Michiel (2010). Sharia Incorporated: A Comparative Overview of the Legal Systems of Twelve Muslim Countries in Past and Present. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-90-8728-057-4" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-90-8728-057-4">978-90-8728-057-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.aufirst=Jan+Michiel&rft.aulast=Otto&rft.btitle=Sharia+Incorporated%3A+A+Comparative+Overview+of+the+Legal+Systems+of+Twelve+Muslim+Countries+in+Past+and+Present&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-90-8728-057-4&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li></ul> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3318915">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-3" style=""> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madawi_Al-Rasheed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madawi Al-Rasheed (sida finst ikkje)">Madawi Al-Rasheed</a> (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JmafWmVNJAAC&pg=PA65&dq">A Most Masculine State: Gender, Politics and Religion in Saudi-Arabia</a>. s. 65.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Madawi+Al-Rasheed&rft.btitle=A+Most+Masculine+State%3A+Gender%2C+Politics+and+Religion+in+Saudi-Arabia&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=65&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJmafWmVNJAAC%26pg%3DPA65%26dq&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-HT2003:_14-2">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-HT2003:_14_2-0">2,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HT2003:_14_2-1">2,1</a> <a href="#HT2003">Tripp, Culture Shock, 2003</a>: s.14 </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> <a href="#Malbouisson">Malbouisson</a>, s. 23 </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-14703476">«Saudi Arabia profile – Key facts»</a>. BBC News. 23. mai 2013 </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gulfbusiness.com/2014/03/saudi-arabia-launches-new-housing-scheme-ease-shortage/">«Saudi-Arabia Launches New Housing Scheme To Ease Shortage»</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia+Launches+New+Housing+Scheme+To+Ease+Shortage&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgulfbusiness.com%2F2014%2F03%2Fsaudi-arabia-launches-new-housing-scheme-ease-shortage%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-demo-6">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-demo_6-0">6,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-demo_6-1">6,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-demo_6-2">6,2</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gulf2000.columbia.edu/images/maps/GulfReligionGeneral_lg.png">«Demography of Religion in the Gulf»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrdad_Izady&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mehrdad Izady (sida finst ikkje)">Mehrdad Izady</a>. 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Demography+of+Religion+in+the+Gulf&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Mehrdad+Izady&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgulf2000.columbia.edu%2Fimages%2Fmaps%2FGulfReligionGeneral_lg.png&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.eia.gov/countries/index.cfm?view=production">http://www.eia.gov/countries/index.cfm?view=production</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNDR2014-8"><a href="#cite_ref-UNDR2014_8-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14-report-en-1.pdf">Human Development Report 2014</a> (PDF). United Nations. 2013. s. 159.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2014&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=159&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fhdr14-report-en-1.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">James Wynbrandt (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=99M0zoSqsF0C&pg=PA242">A Brief History of Saudi-Arabia</a>. Infobase Publishing. s. 242. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-4381-0830-8" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-4381-0830-8">978-1-4381-0830-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=James+Wynbrandt&rft.btitle=A+Brief+History+of+Saudi-Arabia&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-4381-0830-8&rft.pages=242&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D99M0zoSqsF0C%26pg%3DPA242&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Soldatkin, Vladimir; Astrasheuskaya, Nastassia (9. november 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924160408/http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/11/09/russia-energy-iea-idUSL6E7M93XT20111109">«Saudi-Arabia to overtake Russia as top oil producer-IEA»</a>. Reuters. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/11/09/russia-energy-iea-idUSL6E7M93XT20111109">originalen</a> 24. september 2015. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia+to+overtake+Russia+as+top+oil+producer-IEA&rft.au=Soldatkin%2C+Vladimir%3B+Astrasheuskaya%2C+Nastassia&rft.chron=9.+november+2011&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2011%2F11%2F09%2Frussia-energy-iea-idUSL6E7M93XT20111109&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1_maint:_Multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Kategori:CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.emirates247.com/business/economy-finance/uae-has-most-diversified-gcc-economy-2014-01-06-1.533612">«UAE has most diversified GCC economy»</a>. emirates247.com. 6. januar 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=UAE+has+most+diversified+GCC+economy&rft.chron=6.+januar+2014&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=emirates247.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.emirates247.com%2Fbusiness%2Feconomy-finance%2Fuae-has-most-diversified-gcc-economy-2014-01-06-1.533612&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://carnegieendowment.org/2015/04/15/authoritarian-resurgence-saudi-arabia-s-anxious-autocrats">«The Authoritarian Resurgence: Saudi-Arabia’s Anxious Autocrats»</a>. Carnegie Endowment. Henta 10. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=The+Authoritarian+Resurgence%3A+Saudi-Arabia%99s+Anxious+Autocrats&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Carnegie+Endowment&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcarnegieendowment.org%2F2015%2F04%2F15%2Fauthoritarian-resurgence-saudi-arabia-s-anxious-autocrats&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-EIU-13">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-EIU_13-0">13,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EIU_13-1">13,1</a> <cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pages.eiu.com/rs/eiu2/images/Democracy-Index-2012.pdf">Democracy index 2012 Democracy at a standstill</a> (PDF). The Economist Intelligence Unit. 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Democracy+index+2012+Democracy+at+a+standstill&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=The+Economist+Intelligence+Unit&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpages.eiu.com%2Frs%2Feiu2%2Fimages%2FDemocracy-Index-2012.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-FH2013-14">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FH2013_14-0">14,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FH2013_14-1">14,1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150802093643/https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2013/saudi-arabia#.VDv_IVfz70Q">«Freedom House. Saudi-Arabia»</a>. freedomhouse.org. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2013/saudi-arabia#.VDv_IVfz70Q">originalen</a> 2. august 2015. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Freedom+House.+Saudi-Arabia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=freedomhouse.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.freedomhouse.org%2Freport%2Ffreedom-world%2F2013%2Fsaudi-arabia%23.VDv_IVfz70Q&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iiss.org/en/about%20us/press%20room/press%20releases/press%20releases/archive/2014-dd03/february-0abc/military-balance-2014-press-statement-52d7">The Military Balance 2014: Top 15 Defence Budgets 2013</a> (IISS) </li> <li id="cite_note-SIPRI-16"><a href="#cite_ref-SIPRI_16-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.sipri.org/product_info?c_product_id=476">«The 15 countries with the highest military expenditure i 2013 (table)»</a> (PDF). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stockholm_internasjonale_fredforskingsinstitutt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stockholm internasjonale fredforskingsinstitutt (sida finst ikkje)">Stockholm internasjonale fredforskingsinstitutt</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=The+15+countries+with+the+highest+military+expenditure+i+2013+%28table%29&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Stockholm+internasjonale+fredforskingsinstitutt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.sipri.org%2Fproduct_info%3Fc_product_id%3D476&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-books.sipri.org-17">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-books.sipri.org_17-0">17,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-books.sipri.org_17-1">17,1</a> <cite id="SIPRI_Fact_Sheet,_March_2015" class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.sipri.org/product_info?c_product_id=495">«Trends in International Arms Transfer, 2014»</a>. www.sipri.org. Stockholm internasjonale fredforskingsinstitutt. Henta 18. mars 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Trends+in+International+Arms+Transfer%2C+2014&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sipri.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.sipri.org%2Fproduct_info%3Fc_product_id%3D495&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-The_United_States_and_the_Great_Powers-18"><a href="#cite_ref-The_United_States_and_the_Great_Powers_18-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Barry Buzan (2004). The United States and the Great Powers. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Polity Press. s. 71. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-7456-3375-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-7456-3375-7">0-7456-3375-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Barry+Buzan&rft.btitle=The+United+States+and+the+Great+Powers&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-7456-3375-7&rft.pages=71&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+United+Kingdom&rft.pub=Polity+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131109115032/https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/articles/middle-east/8207-the-erosion-of-saudi-arabias-image-among-its-neighbours">«The erosion of Saudi-Arabia's image among its neighbours»</a>. Middleeastmonitor.com. 7. november 2013. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.middleeastmonitor.com/articles/middle-east/8207-the-erosion-of-saudi-arabias-image-among-its-neighbours">originalen</a> 9. november 2013. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=The+erosion+of+Saudi-Arabia%27s+image+among+its+neighbours&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Middleeastmonitor.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.middleeastmonitor.com%2Farticles%2Fmiddle-east%2F8207-the-erosion-of-saudi-arabias-image-among-its-neighbours&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-US_State_Dept_Saudi-Arabia-20">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-US_State_Dept_Saudi-Arabia_20-0">20,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-US_State_Dept_Saudi-Arabia_20-1">20,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-US_State_Dept_Saudi-Arabia_20-2">20,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-US_State_Dept_Saudi-Arabia_20-3">20,3</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3584.htm">«Background Note: Saudi-Arabia»</a>. U.S. State Department.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Background+Note%3A+Saudi-Arabia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=U.S.+State+Department&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fr%2Fpa%2Fei%2Fbgn%2F3584.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Bernard Lewis (2003). The Crisis of islam. s. xx–xxi. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-679-64281-1" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-679-64281-1">0-679-64281-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Bernard+Lewis&rft.btitle=The+Crisis+of+islam&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-679-64281-1&rft.pages=xx-xxi&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Peter W. Wilson; Douglas Graham (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=K_c9FOeeuewC&pg=PA46">Saudi-Arabia: the coming storm</a>. s. 46. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/1-56324-394-6" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/1-56324-394-6">1-56324-394-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Douglas+Graham&rft.au=Peter+W.+Wilson&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia%3A+the+coming+storm&rft.date=1994&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-56324-394-6&rft.pages=46&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DK_c9FOeeuewC%26pg%3DPA46&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Kamrava-23">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Kamrava_23-0">23,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kamrava_23-1">23,1</a> <cite class="citation book">Mehran Kamrava (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CkLHZCzMEJkC&pg=PA67">The Modern Middle East: A Political History Since the First World War</a>. s. 67. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-520-26774-9" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-520-26774-9">978-0-520-26774-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Mehran+Kamrava&rft.btitle=The+Modern+Middle+East%3A+A+Political+History+Since+the+First+World+War&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-520-26774-9&rft.pages=67&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCkLHZCzMEJkC%26pg%3DPA67&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">James Wynbrandt; Fawaz A. Gerges (2010). A Brief History of Saudi-Arabia. s. xvii. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8160-7876-9" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8160-7876-9">978-0-8160-7876-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Fawaz+A.+Gerges&rft.au=James+Wynbrandt&rft.btitle=A+Brief+History+of+Saudi-Arabia&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-7876-9&rft.pages=xvii&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Wahbi Hariri-Rifai; Mokhless Hariri-Rifai (1990). The heritage of the Kingdom of Saudi-Arabia. s. 26. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-9624483-0-0" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-9624483-0-0">978-0-9624483-0-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Mokhless+Hariri-Rifai&rft.au=Wahbi+Hariri-Rifai&rft.btitle=The+heritage+of+the+Kingdom+of+Saudi-Arabia&rft.date=1990&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-9624483-0-0&rft.pages=26&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-30061109">«Islamic State sets sights on Saudi-Arabia»</a>. BBC.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Islamic+State+sets+sights+on+Saudi-Arabia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-30061109&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Matthew Gordon (2005). The Rise of islam. s. 4. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-313-32522-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-313-32522-7">0-313-32522-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Matthew+Gordon&rft.btitle=The+Rise+of+islam&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-313-32522-7&rft.pages=4&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">James E. Lindsay (2005). Daily Life in the Medieval islamic World. s. 33. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-313-32270-8" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-313-32270-8">0-313-32270-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=James+E.+Lindsay&rft.btitle=Daily+Life+in+the+Medieval+islamic+World&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-313-32270-8&rft.pages=33&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Britannica_history-29">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_history_29-0">29,00</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_history_29-1">29,01</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_history_29-2">29,02</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_history_29-3">29,03</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_history_29-4">29,04</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_history_29-5">29,05</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_history_29-6">29,06</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_history_29-7">29,07</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_history_29-8">29,08</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_history_29-9">29,09</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_history_29-10">29,10</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_history_29-11">29,11</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_history_29-12">29,12</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_history_29-13">29,13</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/31568/history-of-Arabia">«History of Arabia»</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=History+of+Arabia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F31568%2Fhistory-of-Arabia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">William Gordon East (1971). The changing map of Asia. s. 75–76. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-416-16850-1" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-416-16850-1">978-0-416-16850-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=William+Gordon+East&rft.btitle=The+changing+map+of+Asia&rft.date=1971&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-416-16850-1&rft.pages=75-76&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Bernstein-31"><a href="#cite_ref-Bernstein_31-0">↑</a> William J. Bernstein (2008) A Splendid Exchange: How Trade Shaped the World. Grove Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ePiReZWp0NwC&pg=PA191">s. 191 ff</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a> <a href="#Bowen">Bowen</a>, s. 68 </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Nikshoy C. Chatterji (1973). Muddle of the Middle East, Volume 2. s. 168. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-391-00304-6" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-391-00304-6">0-391-00304-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Nikshoy+C.+Chatterji&rft.btitle=Muddle+of+the+Middle+East%2C+Volume+2&rft.date=1973&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-391-00304-6&rft.pages=168&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">↑</a> <a href="#Bowen">Bowen</a>, s. 69–70 </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Ian Harris; Stuart Mews; Paul Morris; John Shepherd (1992). Contemporary Religions: A World Guide. s. 369. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-582-08695-1" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-582-08695-1">978-0-582-08695-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Ian+Harris&rft.au=John+Shepherd&rft.au=Paul+Morris&rft.au=Stuart+Mews&rft.btitle=Contemporary+Religions%3A+A+World+Guide&rft.date=1992&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-582-08695-1&rft.pages=369&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Mahmud A. Faksh (1997). The Future of islam in the Middle East. s. 89–90. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-275-95128-3" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-275-95128-3">978-0-275-95128-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Mahmud+A.+Faksh&rft.btitle=The+Future+of+islam+in+the+Middle+East&rft.date=1997&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-275-95128-3&rft.pages=89-90&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a> D. Gold (6. april 2003) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jcpa.org/art/nypost-dg6apr03.htm">«Reining in Riyadh»</a>. NYpost (JCPA) </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/saudi-arabia/7.htm">The Saud Family and Wahhabi islam</a>". Library of Congress Country Studies. </li> <li id="cite_note-Murphy-39">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Murphy_39-0">39,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Murphy_39-1">39,1</a> <cite class="citation book">David Murphy (2008). The det arabiske opprøret 1916–18: Lawrence Sets Arabia Ablaze. s. 5–8. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-84603-339-1" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-84603-339-1">978-1-84603-339-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=David+Murphy&rft.btitle=The+det+arabiske+oppr%C3%B8ret+1916%9318%3A+Lawrence+Sets+Arabia+Ablaze&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-84603-339-1&rft.pages=5-8&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Madawi Al Rasheed (1997). Politics in an Arabian Oasis: The Rashidis of Saudi-Arabia. s. 81. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/1-86064-193-8" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/1-86064-193-8">1-86064-193-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Madawi+Al+Rasheed&rft.btitle=Politics+in+an+Arabian+Oasis%3A+The+Rashidis+of+Saudi-Arabia&rft.date=1997&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-86064-193-8&rft.pages=81&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Ewan W. Anderson; William Bayne Fisher (2000). The Middle East: Geography and Geopolitics. s. 106. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-415-07667-8" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-415-07667-8">978-0-415-07667-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Ewan+W.+Anderson&rft.au=William+Bayne+Fisher&rft.btitle=The+Middle+East%3A+Geography+and+Geopolitics&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-415-07667-8&rft.pages=106&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">R. Hrair Dekmejian (1994). Islam in Revolution: Fundamentalism in the Arab World. s. 131. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8156-2635-0" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8156-2635-0">978-0-8156-2635-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=R.+Hrair+Dekmejian&rft.btitle=Islam+in+Revolution%3A+Fundamentalism+in+the+Arab+World&rft.date=1994&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8156-2635-0&rft.pages=131&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Spencer Tucker; Priscilla Mary Roberts (205). The Encyclopedia of First World War. s. 565. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-85109-420-2" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-85109-420-2">978-1-85109-420-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Priscilla+Mary+Roberts&rft.au=Spencer+Tucker&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+First+World+War&rft.date=205&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-85109-420-2&rft.pages=565&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Albert Hourani (2005). A History of the Arab Peoples. s. 315–319. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-571-22664-1" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-571-22664-1">978-0-571-22664-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Albert+Hourani&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Arab+Peoples&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-571-22664-1&rft.pages=315-319&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">James Wynbrandt; Fawaz A. Gerges (2010). A Brief History of Saudi Arabia. s. 182. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8160-7876-9" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8160-7876-9">978-0-8160-7876-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Fawaz+A.+Gerges&rft.au=James+Wynbrandt&rft.btitle=A+Brief+History+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-7876-9&rft.pages=182&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Robert Lacey (2009). Inside the Kingdom. s. 15–16. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-09-953905-6" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-09-953905-6">978-0-09-953905-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Robert+Lacey&rft.btitle=Inside+the+Kingdom&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-09-953905-6&rft.pages=15-16&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Mohamad Riad El Ghonemy (1998). Affluence and Poverty in the Middle East. s. 56. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-415-10033-5" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-415-10033-5">978-0-415-10033-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Mohamad+Riad+El+Ghonemy&rft.btitle=Affluence+and+Poverty+in+the+Middle+East&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-415-10033-5&rft.pages=56&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Al-Rasheed_136-137-48">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Al-Rasheed_136-137_48-0">48,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Al-Rasheed_136-137_48-1">48,1</a> <a href="#Al-Rasheed">Al-Rasheed</a>, s. 136–137 </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Joy Winkie Viola (1986). Human Resources Development in Saudi Arabia: Multinationals and Saudization. s. 37. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-88746-070-8" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-88746-070-8">978-0-88746-070-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Joy+Winkie+Viola&rft.btitle=Human+Resources+Development+in+Saudi+Arabia%3A+Multinationals+and+Saudization&rft.date=1986&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-88746-070-8&rft.pages=37&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Angel Rabasa; Cheryl Benard; Peter Chalk (2005). The Moslem World after 9/11. s. 42. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8330-3712-1" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8330-3712-1">978-0-8330-3712-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Angel+Rabasa&rft.au=Cheryl+Benard&rft.au=Peter+Chalk&rft.btitle=The+Moslem+World+after+9%2F11&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8330-3712-1&rft.pages=42&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Toby Craig Jones (2010). Desert Kingdom: How Oil and Water Forged Modern Saudi Arabia. s. 218–219. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-674-04985-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-674-04985-7">978-0-674-04985-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Toby+Craig+Jones&rft.btitle=Desert+Kingdom%3A+How+Oil+and+Water+Forged+Modern+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-674-04985-7&rft.pages=218-219&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Hegghammer24-52">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Hegghammer24_52-0">52,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hegghammer24_52-1">52,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hegghammer24_52-2">52,2</a> <a href="#Hegghammer">Hegghammer</a>, s. 24 </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Anthony H. Cordesman (2003). Saudi-Arabia Enters the 21st Century. s. 174. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-275-98091-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-275-98091-7">978-0-275-98091-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Anthony+H.+Cordesman&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia+Enters+the+21st+Century&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-275-98091-7&rft.pages=174&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">↑</a> <a href="#Abir1993">Abir (1993)</a>, s. 114 </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">↑</a> Robert Fisk (2005) The Great War For Civilisation. Fourth Estate. s. 23. <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/1400075173" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-4000-7517-3</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Christopher Blanchard (2009). Saudi Arabia: Background and U.S. Relations. United States Congressional Research Service. s. 5–6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Christopher+Blanchard&rft.btitle=Saudi+Arabia%3A+Background+and+U.S.+Relations&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=5-6&rft.pub=United+States+Congressional+Research+Service&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">↑</a> <a href="#Hegghammer">Hegghammer</a>, s. 31 </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">↑</a> <a href="#Al-Rasheed">Al-Rasheed</a>, s. 212 </li> <li id="cite_note-Cordesman_2009-59">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Cordesman_2009_59-0">59,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cordesman_2009_59-1">59,1</a> <cite class="citation book">Anthony H. Cordesman (2009). Saudi-Arabia: National Security in a Troubled Region. s. 50–52. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-313-38076-1" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-313-38076-1">978-0-313-38076-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Anthony+H.+Cordesman&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia%3A+National+Security+in+a+Troubled+Region&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-313-38076-1&rft.pages=50-52&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Montreal-60"><a href="#cite_ref-Montreal_60-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110201053307/http://www.montrealgazette.com/news/Flood+sparks+rare+action/4189873/story.html">«Flood sparks rare action»</a>. Reuters via <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Gazette_(Montreal)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Gazette (Montreal) (sida finst ikkje)">Montreal Gazette</a>. 29. januar 2011. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.montrealgazette.com/news/Flood+sparks+rare+action/4189873/story.html">originalen</a> 1. februar 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Flood+sparks+rare+action&rft.chron=29.+januar+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters+via+Montreal+Gazette&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.montrealgazette.com%2Fnews%2FFlood%2Bsparks%2Brare%2Baction%2F4189873%2Fstory.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Reuters_Dozens_detained-61"><a href="#cite_ref-Reuters_Dozens_detained_61-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130727032834/http://www.thepeninsulaqatar.com/middle-east/140720-dozens-detained-in-saudi-over-flood-protests.html">«Dozens detained in Saudi over flood protests»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Peninsula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Peninsula (sida finst ikkje)">The Peninsula</a> (Qatar)/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomson-Reuters&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomson-Reuters (sida finst ikkje)">Thomson-Reuters</a>. 29. januar 2011. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thepeninsulaqatar.com/middle-east/140720-dozens-detained-in-saudi-over-flood-protests.html">originalen</a> 27. juli 2013. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Dozens+detained+in+Saudi+over+flood+protests&rft.chron=29.+januar+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Peninsula+%28Qatar%29%2FThomson-Reuters&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thepeninsulaqatar.com%2Fmiddle-east%2F140720-dozens-detained-in-saudi-over-flood-protests.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Fisk_troops-62"><a href="#cite_ref-Fisk_troops_62-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Robert Fisk (5. mai 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151018115808/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/saudis-mobilise-thousands-of-troops-to-quell-growing-revolt-2232928.html">«Saudis mobilise thousands of troops to quell growing revolt»</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a> (London). Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/saudis-mobilise-thousands-of-troops-to-quell-growing-revolt-2232928.html">originalen</a> 18. oktober 2015. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudis+mobilise+thousands+of+troops+to+quell+growing+revolt&rft.au=Robert+Fisk&rft.chron=5.+mai+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Fsaudis-mobilise-thousands-of-troops-to-quell-growing-revolt-2232928.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/oilprices/8344421/Saudi-ruler-offers-36bn-to-stave-off-uprising-amid-warning-oil-price-could-double.html">«Saudi ruler offers $36bn to stave off uprising amid warning oil price could double»</a>. The Daily Telegraph (London). 24. februar 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+ruler+offers+%2436bn+to+stave+off+uprising+amid+warning+oil+price+could+double&rft.chron=24.+februar+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ffinance%2Foilprices%2F8344421%2FSaudi-ruler-offers-36bn-to-stave-off-uprising-amid-warning-oil-price-could-double.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabianbusiness.com/saudi-king-gives-billion-dollar-cash-boost-housing-jobs--382623.html">«Saudi king gives billion-dollar cash boost to housing, jobs – Politics & Economics»</a>. Bloomberg via ArabianBusiness.com. 23. februar 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Saudi+king+gives+billion-dollar+cash+boost+to+housing%2C+jobs+%93+Politics+%26+Economics&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Bloomberg+via+ArabianBusiness.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabianbusiness.com%2Fsaudi-king-gives-billion-dollar-cash-boost-housing-jobs--382623.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130928024630/http://www.us-sabc.org/custom/news/details.cfm?id=957#.UkGdfT_FMpE">«King Abdullah Returns to Kingdom, Enacts Measures to Boost the Economy»</a>. U.S.-Saudi Arabian Business Council. 23. februar 2011. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.us-sabc.org/custom/news/details.cfm?id=957#.UkGdfT_FMpE">originalen</a> 28. september 2013. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=King+Abdullah+Returns+to+Kingdom%2C+Enacts+Measures+to+Boost+the+Economy&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=U.S.-Saudi+Arabian+Business+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.us-sabc.org%2Fcustom%2Fnews%2Fdetails.cfm%3Fid%3D957%23.UkGdfT_FMpE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-AlJazeeraEnglishBenefits-66"><a href="#cite_ref-AlJazeeraEnglishBenefits_66-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/02/2011223105328424268.html">«Saudi king announces new benefits»</a>. Al Jazeera. 23. februar 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+king+announces+new+benefits&rft.chron=23.+februar+2011&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.aljazeera.net%2Fnews%2Fmiddleeast%2F2011%2F02%2F2011223105328424268.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-theguardian1-67"><a href="#cite_ref-theguardian1_67-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/mar/18/saudi-arabia-job-housing-package">«Saudi-Arabia's king announces huge jobs and housing package»</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. Associated Press. 18. mars 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia%27s+king+announces+huge+jobs+and+housing+package&rft.chron=18.+mars+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2011%2Fmar%2F18%2Fsaudi-arabia-job-housing-package&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Donna Abu (18. mars 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-03-18/saudi-arabian-king-abdullah-boosts-spending-as-protests-sweep-arab-world.html">«Saudi King to Spend $67 Billion on Housing, Jobs in Bid to Pacify Citizens»</a>. Bloomberg.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+King+to+Spend+%2467+Billion+on+Housing%2C+Jobs+in+Bid+to+Pacify+Citizens&rft.au=Donna+Abu&rft.chron=18.+mars+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2F2011-03-18%2Fsaudi-arabian-king-abdullah-boosts-spending-as-protests-sweep-arab-world.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-alawsat_details-69"><a href="#cite_ref-alawsat_details_69-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Abeed al-Suhaimy (23. mars 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aawsat.com/english/news.asp?section=1&id=24616">«Saudi-Arabia announces municipal elections»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asharq_al-Awsat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asharq al-Awsat (sida finst ikkje)">Asharq al-Awsat</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webcitation.org/5xePFpuTH">Arkivert</a> frå originalen den 2. april 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia+announces+municipal+elections&rft.au=Abeed+al-Suhaimy&rft.chron=23.+mars+2011&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aawsat.com%2Fenglish%2Fnews.asp%3Fsection%3D1%26id%3D24616&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-bloom_women-70"><a href="#cite_ref-bloom_women_70-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Donna Abu-Nasr (28. mars 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150109122652/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-03-28/saudi-women-inspired-by-revolt-against-mubarak-go-online-to-seek-equality.html">«Saudi Women Inspired by Fall of Mubarak Step Up Equality Demand»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bloomberg_L.P.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bloomberg L.P. (sida finst ikkje)">Bloomberg</a>. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-03-28/saudi-women-inspired-by-revolt-against-mubarak-go-online-to-seek-equality.html">originalen</a> 9. januar 2015. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+Women+Inspired+by+Fall+of+Mubarak+Step+Up+Equality+Demand&rft.au=Donna+Abu-Nasr&rft.chron=28.+mars+2011&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2F2011-03-28%2Fsaudi-women-inspired-by-revolt-against-mubarak-go-online-to-seek-equality.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-oman_observer_electionday-71"><a href="#cite_ref-oman_observer_electionday_71-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130425214659/http://main.omanobserver.om/node/66706">«Saudis vote in municipal elections, results on Sunday»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oman_Observer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oman Observer (sida finst ikkje)">Oman Observer</a>. <a href="/wiki/Agence_France-Presse" title="Agence France-Presse">Agence France-Presse</a>. 30. september 2011. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://main.omanobserver.om/node/66706">originalen</a> 25. april 2013. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudis+vote+in+municipal+elections%2C+results+on+Sunday&rft.chron=30.+september+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Oman+Observer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmain.omanobserver.om%2Fnode%2F66706&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Cavendish78-72">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Cavendish78_72-0">72,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cavendish78_72-1">72,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cavendish78_72-2">72,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cavendish78_72-3">72,3</a> <cite class="citation book">Marshall Cavendish (2007). World and Its Peoples: the Den arabiske halvøya. s. 78. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-7614-7571-2" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-7614-7571-2">978-0-7614-7571-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Marshall+Cavendish&rft.btitle=World+and+Its+Peoples%3A+the+Den+arabiske+halv%C3%B8ya&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7614-7571-2&rft.pages=78&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Gerhard-73"><a href="#cite_ref-Gerhard_73-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Gerhard Robbers (2007). Encyclopedia of world constitutions, Volume 1. s. 791. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-8160-6078-9" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-8160-6078-9">0-8160-6078-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Gerhard+Robbers&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+world+constitutions%2C+Volume+1&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-8160-6078-9&rft.pages=791&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Noreng97-74">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Noreng97_74-0">74,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Noreng97_74-1">74,1</a> <cite class="citation book">Oystein Noreng (2005). Crude power: politics and the oil market. s. 97. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-84511-023-9" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-84511-023-9">978-1-84511-023-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Oystein+Noreng&rft.btitle=Crude+power%3A+politics+and+the+oil+market&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-84511-023-9&rft.pages=97&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Britannica-75">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_75-0">75,00</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_75-1">75,01</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_75-2">75,02</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_75-3">75,03</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_75-4">75,04</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_75-5">75,05</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_75-6">75,06</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_75-7">75,07</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_75-8">75,08</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_75-9">75,09</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_75-10">75,10</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_75-11">75,11</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica_75-12">75,12</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/525348/Saudi-Arabia">«Encyclopaedia Britannica Online: Saudi-Arabia»</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Encyclopaedia+Britannica+Online%3A+Saudi-Arabia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F525348%2FSaudi-Arabia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">↑</a> <a href="#Long">Long</a>, s. 85 </li> <li id="cite_note-Cavendish92-77"><a href="#cite_ref-Cavendish92_77-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Marshall Cavendish (2007). World and Its Peoples: the Den arabiske halvøya. s. 92–93. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-7614-7571-2" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-7614-7571-2">978-0-7614-7571-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Marshall+Cavendish&rft.btitle=World+and+Its+Peoples%3A+the+Den+arabiske+halv%C3%B8ya&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7614-7571-2&rft.pages=92-93&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Al-Rasheed242-78">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Al-Rasheed242_78-0">78,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Al-Rasheed242_78-1">78,1</a> <a href="#Al-Rasheed">Al-Rasheed</a>, s. 180, 242–243, 248, 257–258 </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">↑</a> <cite class="citation journal">Ondrej Barenek (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brandeis.edu/crown/publications/meb/MEB33.pdf">«Divided We Survive: A Landscape of Fragmentation in Saudi Arabia»</a> (PDF). Middle East Brief (Brandeis University Crown Center for Middle East Studies) (33).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Divided+We+Survive%3A+A+Landscape+of+Fragmentation+in+Saudi+Arabia&rft.au=Ondrej+Barenek&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=33&rft.jtitle=Middle+East+Brief&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brandeis.edu%2Fcrown%2Fpublications%2Fmeb%2FMEB33.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">↑</a> Web 2.0 Technologies and Democratic Governance, Christopher G. Reddick, Stephen Kwamena Aikins – 2012 </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/sep/25/saudi-arabia-women-vote-elections">«Saudi Arabia gives women right to vote»</a>. The Guardian (London). 25. september 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia+gives+women+right+to+vote&rft.chron=25.+september+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Fworld%2F2011%2Fsep%2F25%2Fsaudi-arabia-women-vote-elections&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Campbell-82">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Campbell_82-0">82,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Campbell_82-1">82,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Campbell_82-2">82,2</a> <cite class="citation book">Christian Campbell (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=20jmw1C3H5UC&pg=PA265">Legal Aspects of Doing Business in the Middle East</a>. s. 265. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-4303-1914-6" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-4303-1914-6">978-1-4303-1914-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Christian+Campbell&rft.btitle=Legal+Aspects+of+Doing+Business+in+the+Middle+East&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-4303-1914-6&rft.pages=265&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3D20jmw1C3H5UC%26pg%3DPA265&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">↑</a> <cite class="citation web">Library of Congress, Federal Research Division (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://memory.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles/Saudi_Arabia.pdf">«Country Profile: Saudi-Arabia»</a> (PDF).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Library+of+Congress%2C+Federal+Research+Division&rft.btitle=Country+Profile%3A+Saudi-Arabia&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmemory.loc.gov%2Ffrd%2Fcs%2Fprofiles%2FSaudi_Arabia.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-FT_Saud-84">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FT_Saud_84-0">84,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FT_Saud_84-1">84,1</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://peakoil.com/publicpolicy/the-house-of-saud-rulers-of-modern-saudi-arabia">«The huset Saud: rulers of modern Saudi-Arabia»</a>. Financial Times. 30. september 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=The+huset+Saud%3A+rulers+of+modern+Saudi-Arabia&rft.chron=30.+september+2010&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpeakoil.com%2Fpublicpolicy%2Fthe-house-of-saud-rulers-of-modern-saudi-arabia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">↑</a> <a href="#Bowen">Bowen</a>, s. 15 </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Roger Owen (2000). State, power and politics in the making of the modern Middle East. s. 56. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-415-19674-1" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-415-19674-1">978-0-415-19674-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Roger+Owen&rft.btitle=State%2C+power+and+politics+in+the+making+of+the+modern+Middle+East&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-415-19674-1&rft.pages=56&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-11807255">«Saudi King Abdullah to go to US for medical treatment»</a>. BBC News. 21. november 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+King+Abdullah+to+go+to+US+for+medical+treatment&rft.chron=21.+november+2010&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-11807255&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-bio-88"><a href="#cite_ref-bio_88-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110616222323/http://www.saudiembassy.net/about/Biographies-of-Ministers.aspx">«Biographies of Ministers»</a>. Royal Embassy of Saudi-Arabia, Washington, DC. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/about/Biographies-of-Ministers.aspx">originalen</a> 16. juni 2011. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Biographies+of+Ministers&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Royal+Embassy+of+Saudi-Arabia%2C+Washington%2C+DC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Fabout%2FBiographies-of-Ministers.aspx&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101124194326/http://arabnews.com/saudiarabia/article199149.ece">«Prince Salman resumes duties at governorate»</a>. Arab News. 23. november 2010. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arabnews.com/saudiarabia/article199149.ece">originalen</a> 24. november 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Prince+Salman+resumes+duties+at+governorate&rft.chron=23.+november+2010&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arab+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farabnews.com%2Fsaudiarabia%2Farticle199149.ece&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Economist_Succession-90">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Economist_Succession_90-0">90,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Economist_Succession_90-1">90,1</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/node/16588422">«When kings and princes grow old»</a>. The Economist. 15. juli 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=When+kings+and+princes+grow+old&rft.chron=15.+juli+2010&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnode%2F16588422&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Kostiner236-91"><a href="#cite_ref-Kostiner236_91-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Joseph Kostiner (2009). Conflict and cooperation in the Persiabukta region. s. 236. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-3-531-16205-8" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-3-531-16205-8">978-3-531-16205-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Joseph+Kostiner&rft.btitle=Conflict+and+cooperation+in+the+Persiabukta+region&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-3-531-16205-8&rft.pages=236&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-David33-92"><a href="#cite_ref-David33_92-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Steven R. David (2008). Catastrophic consequences: civil wars and American interests. s. 33–34. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8018-8989-9" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8018-8989-9">978-0-8018-8989-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Steven+R.+David&rft.btitle=Catastrophic+consequences%3A+civil+wars+and+American+interests&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8018-8989-9&rft.pages=33-34&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Neil MacFarquhar (22. oktober 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/23/world/middleeast/prince-sultan-bin-abdel-aziz-of-saudi-arabia-dies.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all">«Prince Sultan bin Abdel Aziz of Saudi Arabia Dies»</a>. The New York Times.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Prince+Sultan+bin+Abdel+Aziz+of+Saudi+Arabia+Dies&rft.au=Neil+MacFarquhar&rft.chron=22.+oktober+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F10%2F23%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fprince-sultan-bin-abdel-aziz-of-saudi-arabia-dies.html%3F_r%3D1%26pagewanted%3Dall&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-15500679">«Obituary: Prince Nayef bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud»</a>. BBC. 16. juni 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+Prince+Nayef+bin+Abdul+Aziz+Al+Saud&rft.chron=16.+juni+2012&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-15500679&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Jennifer Bond Reed; Brenda Lange (2006). Saudi Royal Family. s. 14. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-7910-9218-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-7910-9218-7">978-0-7910-9218-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Brenda+Lange&rft.au=Jennifer+Bond+Reed&rft.btitle=Saudi+Royal+Family&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7910-9218-7&rft.pages=14&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Anthony H. Cordesman (2003). Saudi-Arabia Enters the 21st Century. s. 47, 142. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-275-98091-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-275-98091-7">978-0-275-98091-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Anthony+H.+Cordesman&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia+Enters+the+21st+Century&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-275-98091-7&rft.pages=47%2C+142&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Sonia Alianak (2007). Middle Eastern leaders and islam: a precarious equilibrium. s. 67. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8204-6924-9" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8204-6924-9">978-0-8204-6924-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Sonia+Alianak&rft.btitle=Middle+Eastern+leaders+and+islam%3A+a+precarious+equilibrium&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8204-6924-9&rft.pages=67&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">↑</a> <a href="#Bowen">Bowen</a>, s. 108 </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111010181738/http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/fisk/robert-fisk-the-corrupt-feudal-world-of-the-house-of-saud-538468.html">«The corrupt, feudal world of the huset Saud»</a>. The Independent (London). 14. mai 2003. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/fisk/robert-fisk-the-corrupt-feudal-world-of-the-house-of-saud-538468.html">originalen</a> 10. oktober 2011. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=The+corrupt%2C+feudal+world+of+the+huset+Saud&rft.chron=14.+mai+2003&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fopinion%2Fcommentators%2Ffisk%2Frobert-fisk-the-corrupt-feudal-world-of-the-house-of-saud-538468.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">↑</a> <a href="#Abir1993">Abir (1993)</a>, s. 73 </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">M. Jane Davis (1996). Security issues in the post-cold war world. s. 81. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-85898-334-9" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-85898-334-9">978-1-85898-334-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=M.+Jane+Davis&rft.btitle=Security+issues+in+the+post-cold+war+world&rft.date=1996&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-85898-334-9&rft.pages=81&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">William Holden (1982). Saudi-Arabia and its royal family. s. 154–156. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-8184-0326-8" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-8184-0326-8">0-8184-0326-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=William+Holden&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia+and+its+royal+family&rft.date=1982&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-8184-0326-8&rft.pages=154-156&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Michael Curtis (1986). The Middle East reader. s. 235. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-88738-101-0" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-88738-101-0">978-0-88738-101-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Michael+Curtis&rft.btitle=The+Middle+East+reader&rft.date=1986&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-88738-101-0&rft.pages=235&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Roger Burbach; Ben Clarke (2002). September 11 and the U.S. war: beyond the curtain of smoke. s. 32. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-87286-404-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-87286-404-7">978-0-87286-404-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Ben+Clarke&rft.au=Roger+Burbach&rft.btitle=September+11+and+the+U.S.+war%3A+beyond+the+curtain+of+smoke&rft.date=2002&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-87286-404-7&rft.pages=32&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Freedom House (2005). Freedom in the Middle East and North Africa: A Freedom in the World Special Edition. s. 63. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-7425-3775-0" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-7425-3775-0">978-0-7425-3775-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Freedom+House&rft.btitle=Freedom+in+the+Middle+East+and+North+Africa%3A+A+Freedom+in+the+World+Special+Edition&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7425-3775-0&rft.pages=63&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Lowell Bergman (9. oktober 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/09/world/nation-challenged-plots-saudi-arabia-also-target-attacks-us-officials-say.html">«A Nation Challenged: The Plots; Saudi-Arabia Also a Target Of Attacks, U.S. Officials Say»</a>. The New York Times.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=A+Nation+Challenged%3A+The+Plots%3B+Saudi-Arabia+Also+a+Target+Of+Attacks%2C+U.S.+Officials+Say&rft.au=Lowell+Bergman&rft.chron=9.+oktober+2001&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2001%2F10%2F09%2Fworld%2Fnation-challenged-plots-saudi-arabia-also-target-attacks-us-officials-say.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">David Ottaway (2008). The King's Messenger. Prince Bandar Bin Sultan and America's Tangled Relationship with Saudi-Arabia. s. 162. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8027-1690-3" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8027-1690-3">978-0-8027-1690-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=David+Ottaway&rft.btitle=The+King%27s+Messenger.+Prince+Bandar+Bin+Sultan+and+America%27s+Tangled+Relationship+with+Saudi-Arabia&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8027-1690-3&rft.pages=162&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">David Robertson (7. juni 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/middle_east/article1899614.ece">«Saudi bribe claims delay £20bn fighter deal»</a>. The Times (London).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+bribe+claims+delay+%A320bn+fighter+deal&rft.au=David+Robertson&rft.chron=7.+juni+2007&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesonline.co.uk%2Ftol%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fmiddle_east%2Farticle1899614.ece&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-PBS-109"><a href="#cite_ref-PBS_109-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/terrorism/interviews/bandar.html">«Interview: Bandar Bin Sultan»</a>. PBS. 2001.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Interview%3A+Bandar+Bin+Sultan&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=PBS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwgbh%2Fpages%2Ffrontline%2Fshows%2Fterrorism%2Finterviews%2Fbandar.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Anthony H. Cordesman (2005). National Security in Saudi-Arabia: Threats, Responses, and Challenges. s. 284. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-275-98811-1" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-275-98811-1">978-0-275-98811-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Anthony+H.+Cordesman&rft.btitle=National+Security+in+Saudi-Arabia%3A+Threats%2C+Responses%2C+and+Challenges&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-275-98811-1&rft.pages=284&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">David Leigh; Rob Evans (7. juni 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2007/jun/07/bae1">«BAE accused of secretly paying £1bn to Saudi prince»</a>. The Guardian (London).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=BAE+accused+of+secretly+paying+%A31bn+to+Saudi+prince&rft.au=David+Leigh&rft.au=Rob+Evans&rft.chron=7.+juni+2007&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Fworld%2F2007%2Fjun%2F07%2Fbae1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Michael Herman (20. september 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/law/article2498504.ece">«BAE Systems sued over alleged Saudi bribes»</a>. The Times (London).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=BAE+Systems+sued+over+alleged+Saudi+bribes&rft.au=Michael+Herman&rft.chron=20.+september+2007&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbusiness.timesonline.co.uk%2Ftol%2Fbusiness%2Flaw%2Farticle2498504.ece&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Dearbail Jordan; Christine Buckley (11. juni 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/engineering/article1914426.ece">«Prince Bandar denies BAE bribery claims»</a>. The Times (London).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Prince+Bandar+denies+BAE+bribery+claims&rft.au=Christine+Buckley&rft.au=Dearbail+Jordan&rft.chron=11.+juni+2007&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbusiness.timesonline.co.uk%2Ftol%2Fbusiness%2Findustry_sectors%2Fengineering%2Farticle1914426.ece&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/8501916.stm">«Lord Goldsmith defends BAE Systems plea deal»</a>. BBC News. 6. februar 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Lord+Goldsmith+defends+BAE+Systems+plea+deal&rft.chron=6.+februar+2010&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fbusiness%2F8501916.stm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101027072430/http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2010/results">«Corruption Perceptions Index 2010»</a>. Transparency International. 15. desember 2010. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi/2010/results">originalen</a> 27. oktober 2010. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Corruption+Perceptions+Index+2010&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Transparency+International&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.transparency.org%2Fpolicy_research%2Fsurveys_indices%2Fcpi%2F2010%2Fresults&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/31b61bc4-fb3a-11dd-bcad-000077b07658.html">«Saudi king speeds reforms»</a>. Financial Times. 15. februar 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+king+speeds+reforms&rft.chron=15.+februar+2009&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcms%2Fs%2F0%2F31b61bc4-fb3a-11dd-bcad-000077b07658.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/2c0d7fcc-1b1b-11de-8aa3-0000779fd2ac.html">«Prince Naif appointed deputy Saudi PM»</a>. Financial Times. 27. mars 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Prince+Naif+appointed+deputy+Saudi+PM&rft.chron=27.+mars+2009&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcms%2Fs%2F0%2F2c0d7fcc-1b1b-11de-8aa3-0000779fd2ac.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/node/17149062?story_id=17149062&fsrc=rss">«Reform in Saudi-Arabia: At a snail's pace»</a>. The Economist. 30. september 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Reform+in+Saudi-Arabia%3A+At+a+snail%27s+pace&rft.chron=30.+september+2010&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnode%2F17149062%3Fstory_id%3D17149062%26fsrc%3Drss&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Goldstein118-119"><a href="#cite_ref-Goldstein118_119-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Natalie Goldstein (2010). Religion and the State. s. 118. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8160-8090-8" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8160-8090-8">978-0-8160-8090-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Natalie+Goldstein&rft.btitle=Religion+and+the+State&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-8090-8&rft.pages=118&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Federal Research Division (2004). Saudi-Arabia A Country Study. s. 232. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-4191-4621-3" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-4191-4621-3">978-1-4191-4621-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Federal+Research+Division&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia+A+Country+Study&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-4191-4621-3&rft.pages=232&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-meforum.org-121">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-meforum.org_121-0">121,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-meforum.org_121-1">121,1</a> <cite class="citation journal">Nawaf E. Obaid (September 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.meforum.org/482/the-power-of-saudi-arabias-islamic-leaders">«The Power of Saudi-Arabia's islamic Leaders»</a>. Middle East Quarterly VI (3): 51–58.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=The+Power+of+Saudi-Arabia%27s+islamic+Leaders&rft.au=Nawaf+E.+Obaid&rft.date=1999-09&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=Middle+East+Quarterly&rft.pages=51-58&rft.volume=VI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.meforum.org%2F482%2Fthe-power-of-saudi-arabias-islamic-leaders&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Fouad Farsy (1992). Modernity and tradition: the Saudi equation. s. 29. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-874132-03-5" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-874132-03-5">978-1-874132-03-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Fouad+Farsy&rft.btitle=Modernity+and+tradition%3A+the+Saudi+equation&rft.date=1992&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-874132-03-5&rft.pages=29&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Hassner-123">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Hassner_123-0">123,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hassner_123-1">123,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hassner_123-2">123,2</a> <cite class="citation book">Ron Eduard Hassner (2009). War on sacred grounds. s. 143. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8014-4806-5" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8014-4806-5">978-0-8014-4806-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Ron+Eduard+Hassner&rft.btitle=War+on+sacred+grounds&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8014-4806-5&rft.pages=143&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">↑</a> <a href="#Abir1987">Abir (1987)</a>, s. 30 </li> <li id="cite_note-Abir21-125">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Abir21_125-0">125,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Abir21_125-1">125,1</a> <a href="#Abir1993">Abir (1993)</a>, s. 21 </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT_Abdullah-126">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_Abdullah_126-0">126,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_Abdullah_126-1">126,1</a> <cite class="citation news">Nada Bakri (29. november 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/people/a/abdullah_bin_abdul_aziz_alsaud/index.html">«Abdullah, King of Saudi-Arabia»</a>. The New York Times.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Abdullah%2C+King+of+Saudi-Arabia&rft.au=Nada+Bakri&rft.chron=29.+november+2010&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftopics.nytimes.com%2Ftopics%2Freference%2Ftimestopics%2Fpeople%2Fa%2Fabdullah_bin_abdul_aziz_alsaud%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">↑</a> <a href="#Abir1987">Abir (1987)</a>, s. 4 </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Peter W. Wilson; Douglas Graham (1994). Saudi-Arabia: the coming storm. s. 16. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/1-56324-394-6" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/1-56324-394-6">1-56324-394-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Douglas+Graham&rft.au=Peter+W.+Wilson&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia%3A+the+coming+storm&rft.date=1994&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-56324-394-6&rft.pages=16&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Long11-129"><a href="#cite_ref-Long11_129-0">↑</a> <a href="#Long">Long</a>, s. 11 </li> <li id="cite_note-IBP-130"><a href="#cite_ref-IBP_130-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">International Business Publications (2011). Saudi-Arabia King Fahd Bin Abdul Aziz Al-Saud Handbook. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-7397-2740-0" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-7397-2740-0">0-7397-2740-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=International+Business+Publications&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia+King+Fahd+Bin+Abdul+Aziz+Al-Saud+Handbook&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-7397-2740-0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Mattar-131"><a href="#cite_ref-Mattar_131-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Philip Mattar (2004). Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East & North Africa: Vol.1 A-C. s. 101. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-02-865770-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-02-865770-7">978-0-02-865770-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Philip+Mattar&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Modern+Middle+East+%26+North+Africa%3A+Vol.1+A-C&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-02-865770-7&rft.pages=101&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">↑</a> <a href="#Bowen">Bowen</a>, s. 13 </li> <li id="cite_note-Haffner58-133"><a href="#cite_ref-Haffner58_133-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Robert W. Hefner (2011). Shari'a Politics: islamic Law and Society in the Modern World. s. 58. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-253-22310-4" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-253-22310-4">978-0-253-22310-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Robert+W.+Hefner&rft.btitle=Shari%27a+Politics%3A+islamic+Law+and+Society+in+the+Modern+World&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-253-22310-4&rft.pages=58&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Juan Eduardo Campo (2006). Encyclopedia of islam. s. 288. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8160-5454-1" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8160-5454-1">978-0-8160-5454-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Juan+Eduardo+Campo&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+islam&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-5454-1&rft.pages=288&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Sharia_Inc_Courts-135">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Sharia_Inc_Courts_135-0">135,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sharia_Inc_Courts_135-1">135,1</a> <a href="#Otto">Otto</a>, s. 161–162 </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Oxford Business Group (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gMPjxHzG1xQC&pg=PA202">The Report: Saudi-Arabia 2009</a>. s. 202. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-902339-00-9" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-902339-00-9">978-1-902339-00-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Oxford+Business+Group&rft.btitle=The+Report%3A+Saudi-Arabia+2009&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-902339-00-9&rft.pages=202&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgMPjxHzG1xQC%26pg%3DPA202&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">↑</a> <a href="#Otto">Otto</a>, s. 157 </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">John L. Esposito (1998). Islam and politics. s. 110–112. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8156-2774-6" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8156-2774-6">978-0-8156-2774-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=John+L.+Esposito&rft.btitle=Islam+and+politics&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8156-2774-6&rft.pages=110-112&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Campbell268-139"><a href="#cite_ref-Campbell268_139-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Christian Campbell (2007). Legal Aspects of Doing Business in the Middle East. s. 268–269. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-4303-1914-6" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-4303-1914-6">978-1-4303-1914-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Christian+Campbell&rft.btitle=Legal+Aspects+of+Doing+Business+in+the+Middle+East&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-4303-1914-6&rft.pages=268-269&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-econ-2007-140"><a href="#cite_ref-econ-2007_140-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/node/9954500">«International: Law of God versus law of man; Saudi-Arabia»</a>. The Economist. 13 Oct 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=International%3A+Law+of+God+versus+law+of+man%3B+Saudi-Arabia&rft.date=2007-10-13&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnode%2F9954500&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Economist_Cruel-141">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Economist_Cruel_141-0">141,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Economist_Cruel_141-1">141,1</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/node/656147">«saudiarabiske justice: Cruel, or just unusual?»</a>. The Economist. 14. juni 2001.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=saudiarabiske+justice%3A+Cruel%2C+or+just+unusual%3F&rft.chron=14.+juni+2001&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnode%2F656147&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Economist_Tentative-142">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Economist_Tentative_142-0">142,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Economist_Tentative_142-1">142,1</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/node/13134598">«Tentative steps in Saudi-Arabia: The king of Saudi Arabia shows some reformist credentials»</a>. The Economist. 17. februar 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Tentative+steps+in+Saudi-Arabia%3A+The+king+of+Saudi+Arabia+shows+some+reformist+credentials&rft.chron=17.+februar+2009&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnode%2F13134598&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/ec3ad182-72a2-11dc-b7ff-0000779fd2ac.html">«Support for shake-up of Saudi justice system»</a>. Financial Times. 4. oktober 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Support+for+shake-up+of+Saudi+justice+system&rft.chron=4.+oktober+2007&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcms%2Fs%2F0%2Fec3ad182-72a2-11dc-b7ff-0000779fd2ac.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/05/06/60minutes/main615986.shtml">«Saudi Justice?»</a>. CBS News. 5. desember 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+Justice%3F&rft.chron=5.+desember+2007&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fstories%2F2004%2F05%2F06%2F60minutes%2Fmain615986.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Sharia_Inc175-145">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Sharia_Inc175_145-0">145,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sharia_Inc175_145-1">145,1</a> <a href="#Otto">Otto</a>, s. 175 </li> <li id="cite_note-FRD306-146">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FRD306_146-0">146,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FRD306_146-1">146,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FRD306_146-2">146,2</a> <cite class="citation book">Federal Research Division (2004). Saudi Arabia A Country Study. s. 304. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-4191-4621-3" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-4191-4621-3">978-1-4191-4621-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Federal+Research+Division&rft.btitle=Saudi+Arabia+A+Country+Study&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-4191-4621-3&rft.pages=304&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/2966790.stm">«Saudi executioner tells all»</a>. BBC News. 5. juni 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+executioner+tells+all&rft.chron=5.+juni+2003&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Fmiddle_east%2F2966790.stm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Lu-148">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Lu_148-0">148,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lu_148-1">148,1</a> <cite class="citation book">Terance D. Miethe; Hong Lu (2004). Punishment: a comparative historical perspective. s. 63. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-521-60516-8" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-521-60516-8">978-0-521-60516-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Hong+Lu&rft.au=Terance+D.+Miethe&rft.btitle=Punishment%3A+a+comparative+historical+perspective&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-521-60516-8&rft.pages=63&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Janine di Giovanni (14. oktober 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsweek.com/2014/10/24/when-it-comes-beheadings-isis-has-nothing-over-saudi-arabia-277385.html">«When It Comes to Beheadings, ISIS Has Nothing Over Saudi Arabia»</a>. Newsweek.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=When+It+Comes+to+Beheadings%2C+ISIS+Has+Nothing+Over+Saudi+Arabia&rft.au=Janine+di+Giovanni&rft.chron=14.+oktober+2014&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Newsweek&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsweek.com%2F2014%2F10%2F24%2Fwhen-it-comes-beheadings-isis-has-nothing-over-saudi-arabia-277385.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2010/nea/154472.htm">«2010 Human Rights Report: Saudi-Arabia»</a>. U.S. State Department. 8. april 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=2010+Human+Rights+Report%3A+Saudi-Arabia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=U.S.+State+Department&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fg%2Fdrl%2Frls%2Fhrrpt%2F2010%2Fnea%2F154472.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2009/nea/136079.htm">«2009 Human Rights Report: Saudi Arabia»</a>. U.S. State Department. 11. mars 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=2009+Human+Rights+Report%3A+Saudi+Arabia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=U.S.+State+Department&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fg%2Fdrl%2Frls%2Fhrrpt%2F2009%2Fnea%2F136079.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2008/nea/119126.htm">«2008 Human Rights Report: Saudi-Arabia»</a>. U.S. State Department. 25. februar 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=2008+Human+Rights+Report%3A+Saudi-Arabia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=U.S.+State+Department&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fg%2Fdrl%2Frls%2Fhrrpt%2F2008%2Fnea%2F119126.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2007/100605.htm">«2007 Human Rights Report: Saudi-Arabia»</a>. U.S. State Department. 11. mars 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=2007+Human+Rights+Report%3A+Saudi-Arabia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=U.S.+State+Department&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fg%2Fdrl%2Frls%2Fhrrpt%2F2007%2F100605.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-i1-154"><a href="#cite_ref-i1_154-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/saudi-arabia-declares-all-atheists-are-terrorists-in-new-law-to-crack-down-on-political-dissidents-9228389.html">«Saudi Arabia declares all atheists are terrorists in new law to crack down on political dissidents»</a> Independent, april 2014 </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111223142538/http://articles.cnn.com/2010-01-24/world/saudi.arabia.lashes_1_lashes-al-watan-saudi-city?_s=PM:WORLD">«Report: Saudi girl accepts lashing for assaulting headmistress»</a>. CNN. 24. januar 2010. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.cnn.com/2010-01-24/world/saudi.arabia.lashes_1_lashes-al-watan-saudi-city?_s=PM:WORLD">originalen</a> 23. desember 2011. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Report%3A+Saudi+girl+accepts+lashing+for+assaulting+headmistress&rft.chron=24.+januar+2010&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.cnn.com%2F2010-01-24%2Fworld%2Fsaudi.arabia.lashes_1_lashes-al-watan-saudi-city%3F_s%3DPM%3AWORLD&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/07/26/AR2008072601785.html">«Saudis Face Soaring Blood-Money Sums»</a>. The Washington Post. 27. juli 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudis+Face+Soaring+Blood-Money+Sums&rft.chron=27.+juli+2008&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2008%2F07%2F26%2FAR2008072601785.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Anthony Shoult (2006). Doing business with Saudi Arabia. s. 95. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-905050-06-2" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-905050-06-2">978-1-905050-06-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Anthony+Shoult&rft.btitle=Doing+business+with+Saudi+Arabia&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-905050-06-2&rft.pages=95&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Human Rights Watch (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=xwGojEygbqAC&pg=PA3">Precarious Justice</a>. s. 3, 4, 101, 102, 108–115.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.btitle=Precarious+Justice&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=3%2C+4%2C+101%2C+102%2C+108-115&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DxwGojEygbqAC%26pg%3DPA3&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/693680.stm">«Analysis: Saudi rough justice»</a>. BBC News. 28. mars 2000.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Analysis%3A+Saudi+rough+justice&rft.chron=28.+mars+2000&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Fmiddle_east%2F693680.stm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2014/02/24/here-are-the-10-countries-where-homosexuality-may-be-punished-by-death/">«Here are the 10 countries where homosexuality may be punished by death»</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>. 24. februar 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Here+are+the+10+countries+where+homosexuality+may+be+punished+by+death&rft.chron=24.+februar+2014&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fblogs%2Fworldviews%2Fwp%2F2014%2F02%2F24%2Fhere-are-the-10-countries-where-homosexuality-may-be-punished-by-death%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">↑</a> <a href="#Al-Rasheed">Al-Rasheed</a>, s. 250–252 </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">↑</a> <a href="#Otto">Otto</a>, s. 168, 172 </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/03/31/dispatches-obama-refuses-talk-human-rights-saudi-arabia">«Dispatches: Obama Refuses to Talk Human Rights in Saudi Arabia»</a>. <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a>. 31. mars 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Dispatches%3A+Obama+Refuses+to+Talk+Human+Rights+in+Saudi+Arabia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Human+Rights+Watch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fnews%2F2014%2F03%2F31%2Fdispatches-obama-refuses-talk-human-rights-saudi-arabia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uscirf.gov/news-room/press-releases/uscirf-urges-president-raise-religious-freedom-saudi-trip">«USCIRF Urges President: Raise Religious Freedom on Saudi Trip»</a>. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom. 26. mars 2014. </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0 9171 917224-2,00.html#ixzz1AyvreNfM">«SAUDI ARABIA: THE DEATH OF A DESERT MONARCH»</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010820100249/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0">Arkivert</a> 2001-08-20 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. TIME. 7. april 1975. </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/node/656147">«Saudi Arabian justice: Cruel, or just unusual?»</a>. The Economist. 14. juni 2001 </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbsnews.com/news/saudi-justice/">«Saudi Justice?»</a>. CBS news. 6. mai 2004. </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">↑</a> Bayan Perazzo (14. januar 2013) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/01/14/nightmare-in-saudi-arabia-the-plight-of-foreign-migrant-workers.html">«Nightmare in Saudi Arabia: The Plight of Foreign Migrant Workers»</a>. The Daily Beast. </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2332691/saudiarabiske-official-filmed-beating-foreign-workers-belt-visit-passport-office-visas.html">«Saudi Arabian official filmed beating foreign workers with a belt as they visit passport office to get their visas»</a>. Daily Mail (London).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabian+official+filmed+beating+foreign+workers+with+a+belt+as+they+visit+passport+office+to+get+their+visas&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Mail&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailymail.co.uk%2Fnews%2Farticle-2332691%2Fsaudiarabiske-official-filmed-beating-foreign-workers-belt-visit-passport-office-visas.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Genet Kumera (24. november 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/kumera-genet/beyond-outrage-how-the-af_b_4319840.html">«Beyond Outrage: How the African Diaspora Can Support Migrant Worker Rights in the Middle East»</a>. The Huffington Post.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Beyond+Outrage%3A+How+the+African+Diaspora+Can+Support+Migrant+Worker+Rights+in+the+Middle+East&rft.au=Genet+Kumera&rft.chron=24.+november+2013&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Huffington+Post&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fkumera-genet%2Fbeyond-outrage-how-the-af_b_4319840.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">↑</a> Beatrice Thomas (10. november 2013) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabianbusiness.com/saudi-services-suffer-under-visa-clampdown-525713.html">«Saudi services suffer under visa clampdown»</a>. Arabian Business. </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabianbusiness.com/saudi-beating-video-sparks-human-rights-probe-524675.html#.VNHpBxA4JnM">«Saudi 'beating' video sparks human rights probe»</a>. Arabian Business. </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/files/PDF/Reports/Counterterrorism.pdf">«Initiatives and Actions to Combat Terrorism»</a> (PDF). Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. s. 6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Initiatives+and+Actions+to+Combat+Terrorism&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pages=6&rft.pub=Kingdom+of+Saudi+Arabia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Ffiles%2FPDF%2FReports%2FCounterterrorism.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/opinion/oped/bs-ed-saudi-arabia-20150114-story.html">«Saudi-Arabia's brutal punishment of a dissident»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Baltimore_Sun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Baltimore Sun (sida finst ikkje)">The Baltimore Sun</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia%27s+brutal+punishment+of+a+dissident&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Baltimore+Sun&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baltimoresun.com%2Fnews%2Fopinion%2Foped%2Fbs-ed-saudi-arabia-20150114-story.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-batin-175"><a href="#cite_ref-batin_175-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/saudiarabia/11431509/Saudi-Arabia-court-gives-death-penalty-to-man-who-renounced-his-Moslem-faith.html">«Saudi Arabia court gives death penalty to man who renounced his Muslim faith»</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a>. 24. februar 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia+court+gives+death+penalty+to+man+who+renounced+his+Muslim+faith&rft.chron=24.+februar+2015&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Fmiddleeast%2Fsaudiarabia%2F11431509%2FSaudi-Arabia-court-gives-death-penalty-to-man-who-renounced-his-Moslem-faith.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.un.org/en/members/index.shtml#s">«United Nations Member States»</a>. United Nations.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=United+Nations+Member+States&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fen%2Fmembers%2Findex.shtml%23s&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Saudi_Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs-177"><a href="#cite_ref-Saudi_Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_177-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.gov.sa/SITES/MOFAEN/ABOUTKINGDOM/KINGDOMFOREIGNPOLICY/Pages/KingdomPolicy34645.aspx">«The foreign policy of the Kingdom of Saudi-Arabia»</a>. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Saudi-Arabia. 5. juli 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=The+foreign+policy+of+the+Kingdom+of+Saudi-Arabia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs%2C+Saudi-Arabia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.gov.sa%2FSITES%2FMOFAEN%2FABOUTKINGDOM%2FKINGDOMFOREIGNPOLICY%2FPages%2FKingdomPolicy34645.aspx&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110121172720/http://arabnews.com/saudiarabia/article238363.ece">«No politics for Ben Ali in Kingdom»</a>. Arab News. 19. januar 2011. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arabnews.com/saudiarabia/article238363.ece">originalen</a> 21. januar 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=No+politics+for+Ben+Ali+in+Kingdom&rft.chron=19.+januar+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arab+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farabnews.com%2Fsaudiarabia%2Farticle238363.ece&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kuna.net.kw/NewsAgenciesPublicSite/ArticleDetails.aspx?id=1969914&Language=en">«Arab leaders issue resolutions, emphasize Gaza reconstruction efforts»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuwait_News_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuwait News Agency (sida finst ikkje)">Kuwait News Agency</a>. 20. januar 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Arab+leaders+issue+resolutions%2C+emphasize+Gaza+reconstruction+efforts&rft.chron=20.+januar+2009&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kuna.net.kw%2FNewsAgenciesPublicSite%2FArticleDetails.aspx%3Fid%3D1969914%26Language%3Den&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/about_us/24.htm">«OPEC : Brief History»</a>. OPEC.org. Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. Henta 11. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=OPEC+%3A+Brief+History&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OPEC.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.opec.org%2Fopec_web%2Fen%2Fabout_us%2F24.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">J Jonsson David (2006). Islamic Economics and the Final Jihad. s. 249–250. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-59781-980-0" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-59781-980-0">978-1-59781-980-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=J+Jonsson+David&rft.btitle=Islamic+Economics+and+the+Final+Jihad&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-59781-980-0&rft.pages=249-250&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/7093423.stm">«Jihad and the Saudi petrodollar»</a>. BBC News. 15. november 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Jihad+and+the+Saudi+petrodollar&rft.chron=15.+november+2007&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Fmiddle_east%2F7093423.stm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">↑</a> <a href="#Malbouisson">Malbouisson</a>, s. 26 </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Madawi Al-Rasheed (2010). A History of Saudi-Arabia. s. 233. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-521-74754-7" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-521-74754-7">978-0-521-74754-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Madawi+Al-Rasheed&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Saudi-Arabia&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-521-74754-7&rft.pages=233&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Markus Kaim (2008). Great powers and regional orders: the United States and the Persiabukta. s. 68. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-7546-7197-8" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-7546-7197-8">978-0-7546-7197-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Markus+Kaim&rft.btitle=Great+powers+and+regional+orders%3A+the+United+States+and+the+Persiabukta&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7546-7197-8&rft.pages=68&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">↑</a> <a href="#Al-Rasheed">Al-Rasheed</a>, s. 178, 222 </li> <li id="cite_note-Guardian_05122010-187"><a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_05122010_187-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Declan Walsh (5. desember 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/dec/05/wikileaks-cables-saudi-terrorist-funding">«WikiLeaks cables portray Saudi-Arabia as a cash machine for terrorists»</a>. The Guardian (London).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=WikiLeaks+cables+portray+Saudi-Arabia+as+a+cash+machine+for+terrorists&rft.au=Declan+Walsh&rft.chron=5.+desember+2010&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Fworld%2F2010%2Fdec%2F05%2Fwikileaks-cables-saudi-terrorist-funding&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-iags.org-188"><a href="#cite_ref-iags.org_188-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iags.org/fuelingterror.html">«Fueling Terror»</a>. Institute for the Analysis of Global Security.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Fueling+Terror&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Institute+for+the+Analysis+of+Global+Security&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iags.org%2Ffuelingterror.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">↑</a> <a href="#Malbouisson">Malbouisson</a>, s. 27 </li> <li id="cite_note-time.com-190"><a href="#cite_ref-time.com_190-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Ishaan Tharoor (6. desember 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0 8599 2035347,00.html">«WikiLeaks: The Saudis' Close but Strained Ties with Pakistan»</a>. Time. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webcitation.org/5vT9Sxrsk">Arkivert</a> frå originalen den 3. januar 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=WikiLeaks%3A+The+Saudis%27+Close+but+Strained+Ties+with+Pakistan&rft.au=Ishaan+Tharoor&rft.chron=6.+desember+2010&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fworld%2Farticle%2F0+8599+2035347%2C00.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Pascal Ménoret (2005). The Saudi enigma: a history. s. 22. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-84277-605-6" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-1-84277-605-6">978-1-84277-605-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Pascal+M%C3%A9noret&rft.btitle=The+Saudi+enigma%3A+a+history&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-84277-605-6&rft.pages=22&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><a href="#cite_ref-192">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Peter Walker (22. november 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2007/nov/22/iraq.peterwalker1">«Irak's foreign militants 'come from US allies'»</a>. The Guardian (London).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Irak%27s+foreign+militants+%27come+from+US+allies%27&rft.au=Peter+Walker&rft.chron=22.+november+2007&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Fworld%2F2007%2Fnov%2F22%2Firaq.peterwalker1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><a href="#cite_ref-193">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Peter J. Burnell; Vicky Randall (2007). Politics in the developing world. s. 449. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-19-929608-8" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-19-929608-8">978-0-19-929608-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Peter+J.+Burnell&rft.au=Vicky+Randall&rft.btitle=Politics+in+the+developing+world&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-19-929608-8&rft.pages=449&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Quintan Wiktorowicz (2004). Islamic activism: a social movement theory approach. s. 255. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-253-34281-2" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-253-34281-2">978-0-253-34281-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Quintan+Wiktorowicz&rft.btitle=Islamic+activism%3A+a+social+movement+theory+approach&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-253-34281-2&rft.pages=255&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><a href="#cite_ref-195">↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/17/world/middleeast/wikileaks-saudi-arabia-iran.html">WikiLeaks Shows a Saudi Obsession With Iran</a>". The New York Times. 16. juli 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><a href="#cite_ref-196">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Ian Black; Simon Tisdall (28. november 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/nov/28/us-embassy-cables-saudis-iran">«Saudi-Arabia urges US attack on Iran to stop nuclear programme»</a>. The Guardian (London).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia+urges+US+attack+on+Iran+to+stop+nuclear+programme&rft.au=Ian+Black&rft.au=Simon+Tisdall&rft.chron=28.+november+2010&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Fworld%2F2010%2Fnov%2F28%2Fus-embassy-cables-saudis-iran&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><a href="#cite_ref-197">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Matthew Lee; Bradley Klapper; Julie Pace (25. november 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131127071458/http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/U/US_IRAN_SECRET_TALKS">«Obama advised Netanyahu of Iran talks in September»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Associated_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Associated Press (sida finst ikkje)">Associated Press</a>. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/U/US_IRAN_SECRET_TALKS">originalen</a> 27. november 2013. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Obama+advised+Netanyahu+of+Iran+talks+in+September&rft.au=Bradley+Klapper&rft.au=Julie+Pace&rft.au=Matthew+Lee&rft.chron=25.+november+2013&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhosted.ap.org%2Fdynamic%2Fstories%2FU%2FUS_IRAN_SECRET_TALKS&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-198"><a href="#cite_ref-198">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Ian Black (24. november 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/nov/24/iran-nuclear-deal-middle-east-reaction-saudi-arabia">«Iran nuclear deal: Saudi-Arabia and Gulf react with caution»</a>. The Guardian.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Iran+nuclear+deal%3A+Saudi-Arabia+and+Gulf+react+with+caution&rft.au=Ian+Black&rft.chron=24.+november+2013&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2013%2Fnov%2F24%2Firan-nuclear-deal-middle-east-reaction-saudi-arabia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-199"><a href="#cite_ref-199">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Angus McDowall (9. oktober 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151018115809/http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/10/09/us-saudi-usa-iran-insight-idUSBRE9980IT20131009">«Insight: Saudis brace for 'nightmare' of U.S.-Iran rapprochement»</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/10/09/us-saudi-usa-iran-insight-idUSBRE9980IT20131009">originalen</a> 18. oktober 2015. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Insight%3A+Saudis+brace+for+%27nightmare%27+of+U.S.-Iran+rapprochement&rft.au=Angus+McDowall&rft.chron=9.+oktober+2013&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2013%2F10%2F09%2Fus-saudi-usa-iran-insight-idUSBRE9980IT20131009&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><a href="#cite_ref-200">↑</a> Abdulmajeed al-Buluwi (14. april 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/04/us-saudi-obama-visit-drifting-apart.html">«US, Saudi drifting apart despite Obama visit»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Monitor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Monitor (sida finst ikkje)">Al-Monitor</a>. Henta 9. juni 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-201">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_201-0">201,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_201-1">201,1</a> <cite class="citation web">Chulov, Martin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/mar/14/saudi-arabian-troops-enter-bahrain">«Saudi Arabian troops enter Bahrain as regime asks for help to quell uprising»</a>. the Guardian. Henta 11. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabian+troops+enter+Bahrain+as+regime+asks+for+help+to+quell+uprising&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.aulast=Chulov&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=the+Guardian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2011%2Fmar%2F14%2Fsaudi-arabian-troops-enter-bahrain&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><a href="#cite_ref-202">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/03/maliki-saudi-qatar-at-war-against-iraq-20143823436553921.html">«Maliki: Saudi and Qatar at war against Iraq»</a>. www.aljazeera.com. Henta 11. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Maliki%3A+Saudi+and+Qatar+at+war+against+Iraq&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aljazeera.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2Fmiddleeast%2F2014%2F03%2Fmaliki-saudi-qatar-at-war-against-iraq-20143823436553921.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-203"><a href="#cite_ref-203">↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-03-26/yemeni-bombing-led-by-saudis-is-backed-by-u-s-logistics-spying">U.S. Backs Saudi-Led Jemeni Bombing With Logistics, Spying</a>". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bloomberg_News&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bloomberg News (sida finst ikkje)">Bloomberg</a>. 26. mars 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><a href="#cite_ref-204">↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2015/03/26/middleeast/yemen-saudi-arabia-airstrikes/">Saudi-led coalition strikes rebels in Yemen, inflaming tensions in region</a>". <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. 27. mars 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><a href="#cite_ref-205">↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.yahoo.com/army-conquest-rebel-alliance-pressures-syria-regime-090529121.html">'Army of Conquest' rebel alliance pressures Syria regime</a>". Yahoo News. 28. april 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><a href="#cite_ref-206">↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/News/12392/21/Gulf-allies-and-%E2%80%98Army-of-Conquest%E2%80%99.aspx">Gulf allies and ‘Army of Conquest’</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190415104015/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/News/12392/21/Gulf-allies-and-%E2%80%98Army-of-Conquest%E2%80%99.aspx">Arkivert</a> 2019-04-15 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Ahram_Weekly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Ahram Weekly (sida finst ikkje)">Al-Ahram Weekly</a>. 28. mai 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><a href="#cite_ref-207">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Kim Sengupta (12. mai 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/syria-crisis-turkey-and-saudi-arabia-shock-western-countries-by-supporting-antiassad-jihadists-10242747.html">«Turkey and Saudi-Arabia alarm the West by backing islamist extremists the Americans had bombed in Syria»</a>. The Independent.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Turkey+and+Saudi-Arabia+alarm+the+West+by+backing+islamist+extremists+the+Americans+had+bombed+in+Syria&rft.au=Kim+Sengupta&rft.chron=12.+mai+2015&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Fsyria-crisis-turkey-and-saudi-arabia-shock-western-countries-by-supporting-antiassad-jihadists-10242747.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-208"><a href="#cite_ref-208">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Mark Watson (2008). Prophets and princes: Saudi Arabia from Muhammad to the present. s. 2. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-470-18257-4" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-470-18257-4">978-0-470-18257-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Mark+Watson&rft.btitle=Prophets+and+princes%3A+Saudi+Arabia+from+Muhammad+to+the+present&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-470-18257-4&rft.pages=2&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-guardian.co.uk-209"><a href="#cite_ref-guardian.co.uk_209-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Ian Black (31. januar 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/jan/31/egypt-protests-spread-other-countries">«Egypt Protests could spread to other countries»</a>. The Guardian (London).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Egypt+Protests+could+spread+to+other+countries&rft.au=Ian+Black&rft.chron=31.+januar+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Fworld%2F2011%2Fjan%2F31%2Fegypt-protests-spread-other-countries&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-QatarSaudi-210"><a href="#cite_ref-QatarSaudi_210-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saudiarabianews.net/index.php/sid/225153245">«Top Saudi Officials Head to Qatar in Effort to Heal Rift»</a>. Saudi-Arabia News.Net. 27. august 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Top+Saudi+Officials+Head+to+Qatar+in+Effort+to+Heal+Rift&rft.chron=27.+august+2014&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiarabianews.net%2Findex.php%2Fsid%2F225153245&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Library_of_Congress_2006-211">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Library_of_Congress_2006_211-0">211,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Library_of_Congress_2006_211-1">211,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Library_of_Congress_2006_211-2">211,2</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles/Saudi_Arabia.pdf">«Country Profile: Saudi-Arabia, Sept. 2006 Library of Congress»</a> (PDF).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Country+Profile%3A+Saudi-Arabia%2C+Sept.+2006+Library+of+Congress&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Ffrd%2Fcs%2Fprofiles%2FSaudi_Arabia.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-QV-212"><a href="#cite_ref-QV_212-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Al J. Venter (2007). Allah's Bomb: The islamic Quest for Nuclear Weapons. Globe Pequot. s. 150–53. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/1-59921-205-6" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/1-59921-205-6">1-59921-205-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Al+J.+Venter&rft.btitle=Allah%27s+Bomb%3A+The+islamic+Quest+for+Nuclear+Weapons&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-59921-205-6&rft.pages=150-53&rft.pub=Globe+Pequot&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-SPO-213"><a href="#cite_ref-SPO_213-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170307135135/http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/EK07Ak01.html">«Saudi-Arabia's nuclear gambit»</a>. Asia Times. 7. november 2003. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/EK07Ak01.html">originalen</a> 7. mars 2017. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia%27s+nuclear+gambit&rft.chron=7.+november+2003&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Asia+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.atimes.com%2Fatimes%2FMiddle_East%2FEK07Ak01.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-214"><a href="#cite_ref-214">↑</a> <cite class="citation web">John Pike (27. april 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/gulf/sang.htm">«Den saudiarabiske nasjonalgarden»</a>. Globalsecurity.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=John+Pike&rft.btitle=Den+saudiarabiske+nasjonalgarden&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Globalsecurity.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalsecurity.org%2Fmilitary%2Fworld%2Fgulf%2Fsang.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><a href="#cite_ref-215">↑</a> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101111112056/https://fas.org/asmp/profiles/saudi_arabia.htm">Saudi-Arabia</a>, arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fas.org/asmp/profiles/saudi_arabia.htm">originalen</a> 11. november 2010, henta 13. oktober 2015</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffas.org%2Fasmp%2Fprofiles%2Fsaudi_arabia.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  fas.org </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><a href="#cite_ref-216">↑</a> <cite class="citation web">Teitelbaum, Joshua (4. november 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101205012554/http://www.jcpa.org/JCPA/Templates/ShowPage.asp?DRIT=1&DBID=1&LNGID=1&TMID=111&FID=376&PID=0&IID=5177&TTL=Arms_for_the_King_and_His_Family:_The_U.S._Arms_Sale_to_Saudi_Arabia">«Arms for the King and His Family»</a>. Jcpa.org. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jcpa.org/JCPA/Templates/ShowPage.asp?DRIT=1&DBID=1&LNGID=1&TMID=111&FID=376&PID=0&IID=5177&TTL=Arms_for_the_King_and_His_Family:_The_U.S._Arms_Sale_to_Saudi_Arabia">originalen</a> 5. desember 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Teitelbaum%2C+Joshua&rft.btitle=Arms+for+the+King+and+His+Family&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Jcpa.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jcpa.org%2FJCPA%2FTemplates%2FShowPage.asp%3FDRIT%3D1%26DBID%3D1%26LNGID%3D1%26TMID%3D111%26FID%3D376%26PID%3D0%26IID%3D5177%26TTL%3DArms_for_the_King_and_His_Family%3A_The_U.S._Arms_Sale_to_Saudi_Arabia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-AJE_2013_spending-217"><a href="#cite_ref-AJE_2013_spending_217-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/04/saudi-leads-middle-east-military-spending-201441411547583667.html">«Saudi Arabian lead Middle East military spending»</a>. 14. april 2014. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Jazeera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Jazeera (sida finst ikkje)">Al Jazeera</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-218"><a href="#cite_ref-218">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Charles Gardner (1981). British Aircraft Corporation. A history by Charles Gardner. B.T. Batsford Ltd. s. 224–249. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-7134-3815-0" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/0-7134-3815-0">0-7134-3815-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Charles+Gardner&rft.btitle=British+Aircraft+Corporation.+A+history+by+Charles+Gardner&rft.date=1981&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-7134-3815-0&rft.pages=224-249&rft.pub=B.T.+Batsford+Ltd&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-219"><a href="#cite_ref-219">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Dominic O'Connell (20. august 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,2095-2320097,00.html">«BAE cashes in on £40bn Arab jet deal»</a>. The Sunday Times (London).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=BAE+cashes+in+on+%A340bn+Arab+jet+deal&rft.au=Dominic+O%27Connell&rft.chron=20.+august+2006&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sunday+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesonline.co.uk%2Farticle%2F0%2C%2C2095-2320097%2C00.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><a href="#cite_ref-220">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120527060140/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2012/05/23/uk-saudi-britain-defence-idUKBRE84M0JN20120523">«Saudi-Arabia»</a>. Reuters. 23. mai 2012. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/2012/05/23/uk-saudi-britain-defence-idUKBRE84M0JN20120523">originalen</a> 27. mai 2012. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia&rft.chron=23.+mai+2012&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2012%2F05%2F23%2Fuk-saudi-britain-defence-idUKBRE84M0JN20120523&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Stokes605-221">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Stokes605_221-0">221,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stokes605_221-1">221,1</a> <cite class="citation book">Jamie Stokes (2009). Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East, Volume 1. s. 605. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8160-7158-6" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-8160-7158-6">978-0-8160-7158-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Jamie+Stokes&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Peoples+of+Africa+and+the+Middle+East%2C+Volume+1&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-7158-6&rft.pages=605&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><a href="#cite_ref-222">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140209041128/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html">«CIA World Factbook – Rank Order: Area»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_World_Factbook&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The World Factbook (sida finst ikkje)">The World Factbook</a>. 26. januar 2012. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html">originalen</a> 9. februar 2014. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=CIA+World+Factbook+%93+Rank+Order%3A+Area&rft.chron=26.+januar+2012&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Frankorder%2F2147rank.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-223"><a href="#cite_ref-223">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Peter Vincent (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Vacv2wy3yd8C&lpg=PA141">Saudi Arabia: an environmental overview</a>. Taylor & Francis. s. 141. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-415-41387-9" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-415-41387-9">978-0-415-41387-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Peter+Vincent&rft.btitle=Saudi+Arabia%3A+an+environmental+overview&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-415-41387-9&rft.pages=141&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVacv2wy3yd8C%26lpg%3DPA141&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Peel-224"><a href="#cite_ref-Peel_224-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation journal">Peel, M. C. and Finlayson, B. L. and McMahon, T. A. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.html">«Updated world map of the Köppen–Geiger climate classification»</a>. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 11: 1633–1644. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1027-5606">1027-5606</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.5194%2Fhess-11-1633-2007">10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Updated+world+map+of+the+K%C3%B6ppen%93Geiger+climate+classification&rft.au=Peel%2C+M.+C.+and+Finlayson%2C+B.+L.+and+McMahon%2C+T.+A.&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1027-5606&rft.jtitle=Hydrol.+Earth+Syst.+Sci.&rft.pages=1633-1644&rft.volume=11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net%2F11%2F1633%2F2007%2Fhess-11-1633-2007.html&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5194%2Fhess-11-1633-2007&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1_maint:_Multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Kategori:CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list">link</a>) (direct: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.pdf">Final Revised Paper</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-weather-225"><a href="#cite_ref-weather_225-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weatheronline.co.uk/reports/climate/Saudi-Arabia.htm">«Saudi-Arabia»</a>. Weather Online.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Weather+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weatheronline.co.uk%2Freports%2Fclimate%2FSaudi-Arabia.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><a href="#cite_ref-226">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arab.net/saudi/sa_admindivisions.htm">«Saudi-Arabia: Administrative divisions»</a>. arab.net.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia%3A+Administrative+divisions&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=arab.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arab.net%2Fsaudi%2Fsa_admindivisions.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-coy-employ-227"><a href="#cite_ref-coy-employ_227-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation journal">Peter Coy (16. juli 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2014-07-16/can-online-classes-fix-saudi-arabias-broken-labor-market">«Online Education Targets Saudi-Arabia's Labor Problem, Starting With Women»</a>. Bloomberg Businessweek.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Online+Education+Targets+Saudi-Arabia%27s+Labor+Problem%2C+Starting+With+Women&rft.au=Peter+Coy&rft.chron=16.+juli+2014&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+Businessweek&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessweek.com%2Farticles%2F2014-07-16%2Fcan-online-classes-fix-saudi-arabias-broken-labor-market&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-McDowall-228">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-McDowall_228-0">228,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-McDowall_228-1">228,1</a> <cite class="citation news">Angus McDowall (19. januar 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.alarabiya.net/en/business/2014/01/20/Saudi-Arabiya-doubles-number-of-citizens-in-private-sector-jobs.html">«Saudi-Arabia doubles private sector jobs in 30-month period»</a>. Reuters.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia+doubles+private+sector+jobs+in+30-month+period&rft.au=Angus+McDowall&rft.chron=19.+januar+2014&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.alarabiya.net%2Fen%2Fbusiness%2F2014%2F01%2F20%2FSaudi-Arabiya-doubles-number-of-citizens-in-private-sector-jobs.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-229"><a href="#cite_ref-229">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/international/reserves.html">«World Proved Reserves of Oil and Natural Gas, Most Recent Estimates»</a>. Eia.doe.gov.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=World+Proved+Reserves+of+Oil+and+Natural+Gas%2C+Most+Recent+Estimates&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Eia.doe.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eia.doe.gov%2Femeu%2Finternational%2Freserves.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><a href="#cite_ref-230">↑</a> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080226202420/http://www.jica.go.jp/english/global/pov/profiles/pdf/sau_eng.pdf">Country Profile Study on Poverty: Saudi-Arabia</a> (PDF), arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jica.go.jp/english/global/pov/profiles/pdf/sau_eng.pdf">originalen</a> (PDF) 26. februar 2008, henta 13. oktober 2015</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Country+Profile+Study+on+Poverty%3A+Saudi-Arabia&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jica.go.jp%2Fenglish%2Fglobal%2Fpov%2Fprofiles%2Fpdf%2Fsau_eng.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> . jica.go.jp </li> <li id="cite_note-231"><a href="#cite_ref-231">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/cpicalc.pl">«CPI Inflation Calculator»</a>. Data.bls.gov.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=CPI+Inflation+Calculator&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Data.bls.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.bls.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fcpicalc.pl&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-wti-232"><a href="#cite_ref-wti_232-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nasdaq.com/markets/crude-oil.aspx?timeframe=10y">«Crude Oil WTI (NYMEX) Price»</a>. nasdaq.com. Henta 11. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Crude+Oil+WTI+%28NYMEX%29+Price&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nasdaq.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasdaq.com%2Fmarkets%2Fcrude-oil.aspx%3Ftimeframe%3D10y&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-233"><a href="#cite_ref-233">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101122123445/http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/international/iealf/crudeoilreserves.xls">«Crude Oil Reserves»</a>. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/international/iealf/crudeoilreserves.xls">originalen</a> 22. november 2010. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Crude+Oil+Reserves&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eia.doe.gov%2Fpub%2Finternational%2Fiealf%2Fcrudeoilreserves.xls&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-234"><a href="#cite_ref-234">↑</a> <cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matthew_Simmons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matthew Simmons (sida finst ikkje)">Matthew Simmons</a> (2005) [10. juni 2005]. Twilight in the Desert: The Coming Saudi Oil Shock and the World Economy. Wiley. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-471-73876-3" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-471-73876-3">978-0-471-73876-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Matthew+Simmons&rft.btitle=Twilight+in+the+Desert%3A+The+Coming+Saudi+Oil+Shock+and+the+World+Economy&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-471-73876-3&rft.pub=Wiley&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Aluwaisheg-235"><a href="#cite_ref-Aluwaisheg_235-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation journal">Abdel Aziz Aluwaisheg (29. september 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabnews.com/news/464657">«When privatization goes wrong»</a>. Arab News.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=When+privatization+goes+wrong&rft.au=Abdel+Aziz+Aluwaisheg&rft.chron=29.+september+2014&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arab+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabnews.com%2Fnews%2F464657&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-MV2013-236"><a href="#cite_ref-MV2013_236-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mondovisione.com/media-and-resources/news/saudi-stock-exchange-tadawul-annual-statistical-report-2013/">«Saudi Stock Exchange, Annual Statistical Report 2013»</a>. mondovisione.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+Stock+Exchange%2C+Annual+Statistical+Report+2013&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mondovisione.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mondovisione.com%2Fmedia-and-resources%2Fnews%2Fsaudi-stock-exchange-tadawul-annual-statistical-report-2013%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-house-161-237"><a href="#cite_ref-house-161_237-0">↑</a> <a href="#House">House</a>, s. 161 </li> <li id="cite_note-MCC-238"><a href="#cite_ref-MCC_238-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metrocorpcounsel.com/articles/22205/saudi-arabia%E2%80%99s-four-new-economic-cities">«Saudi-Arabia’s Four New Economic Cities»</a>. The Metropolitan Corporate Counsel. 6. februar 2013. Henta 11. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia%99s+Four+New+Economic+Cities&rft.chron=6.+februar+2013&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Metropolitan+Corporate+Counsel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.metrocorpcounsel.com%2Farticles%2F22205%2Fsaudi-arabia%25E2%2580%2599s-four-new-economic-cities&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-239"><a href="#cite_ref-239">↑</a> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071011212725/http://professional.tdctrade.com/content.aspx?data=Professional_content_en&contentid=917452&w_sid=194&w_pid=836&w_nid=10993&w_cid=917452&w_idt=1900-01-01&w_oid=181&w_jid=">Construction boom of Saudi-Arabia and the UAE</a>, arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://professional.tdctrade.com/content.aspx?data=Professional_content_en&contentid=917452&w_sid=194&w_pid=836&w_nid=10993&w_cid=917452&w_idt=1900-01-01&w_oid=181&w_jid=">originalen</a> 11. oktober 2007, henta 13. oktober 2015</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Construction+boom+of+Saudi-Arabia+and+the+UAE&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprofessional.tdctrade.com%2Fcontent.aspx%3Fdata%3DProfessional_content_en%26contentid%3D917452%26w_sid%3D194%26w_pid%3D836%26w_nid%3D10993%26w_cid%3D917452%26w_idt%3D1900-01-01%26w_oid%3D181%26w_jid%3D&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> . tdctrade.com. 2. august 2007 </li> <li id="cite_note-240"><a href="#cite_ref-240">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bullionstreet.com/news/more-than-500-gold-shops-closed-down-in-saudi-arabia/1802">More than 500 gold shops closed down in Saudi-Arabia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150406133006/http://www.bullionstreet.com/news/more-than-500-gold-shops-closed-down-in-saudi-arabia/1802">Arkivert</a> 2015-04-06 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. Bullionstreet.com. </li> <li id="cite_note-HT2009:_150-241"><a href="#cite_ref-HT2009:_150_241-0">↑</a> <a href="#HT2009">Tripp, Culture Shock, 2009</a>: p.150 </li> <li id="cite_note-242"><a href="#cite_ref-242">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.npr.org/2011/05/19/136439885/poverty-hides-amid-saudi-arabias-oil-wealth">«Poverty Hides Amid Saudi-Arabia's Oil Wealth»</a>. NPR.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Poverty+Hides+Amid+Saudi-Arabia%27s+Oil+Wealth&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=NPR&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2011%2F05%2F19%2F136439885%2Fpoverty-hides-amid-saudi-arabias-oil-wealth&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-243"><a href="#cite_ref-243">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SlSBqgW5xx0">«Mal3ob 3alena : Poverty in Saudi-Arabia English Version»</a>. YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Mal3ob+3alena+%3A+Poverty+in+Saudi-Arabia+English+Version&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=YouTube&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DSlSBqgW5xx0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-244"><a href="#cite_ref-244">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Roy Gutman (4. desember 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2011/12/04/132112/saudi-dissidents-turn-to-youtube.html">«Saudi dissidents turn to YouTube to air their frustrations»</a>. McClatchy Newspapers.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+dissidents+turn+to+YouTube+to+air+their+frustrations&rft.au=Roy+Gutman&rft.chron=4.+desember+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=McClatchy+Newspapers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mcclatchydc.com%2F2011%2F12%2F04%2F132112%2Fsaudi-dissidents-turn-to-youtube.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-245"><a href="#cite_ref-245">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Amelia Hill (23. oktober 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/oct/23/feras-boqna-saudi-arabia-poverty">«Saudi film-makers enter second week of detention»</a>. The Guardian (London).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+film-makers+enter+second+week+of+detention&rft.au=Amelia+Hill&rft.chron=23.+oktober+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Fworld%2F2011%2Foct%2F23%2Fferas-boqna-saudi-arabia-poverty&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-246"><a href="#cite_ref-246">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lebanonspring.com/2011/10/19/plot-to-show-foreign-poverty-in-foreign-saudi-arabia-arab-spring-youtube-video/">«A foreign Saudi plot to expose foreign poverty in foreign Saudi»</a>. Lebanon Spring. 19. oktober 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=A+foreign+Saudi+plot+to+expose+foreign+poverty+in+foreign+Saudi&rft.chron=19.+oktober+2011&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lebanon+Spring&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flebanonspring.com%2F2011%2F10%2F19%2Fplot-to-show-foreign-poverty-in-foreign-saudi-arabia-arab-spring-youtube-video%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-247"><a href="#cite_ref-247">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://observers.france24.com/content/20081028-poverty-exists-saudi-arabia">«Poverty exists in Saudi-Arabia too | The Observers»</a>. France 24. 28. oktober 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Poverty+exists+in+Saudi-Arabia+too+%26%23124%3B+The+Observers&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=France+24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fobservers.france24.com%2Fcontent%2F20081028-poverty-exists-saudi-arabia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-248"><a href="#cite_ref-248">↑</a> <cite class="citation journal">Elhadj, Elie (May 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150921165509/http://www.soas.ac.uk/water/publications/papers/file38391.pdf">«Camels Don't Fly, Deserts Don't Bloom: an Assessment of Saudi-Arabia's Experiment in Desert Agriculture»</a> (PDF). SOAS Water Group Publications. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.soas.ac.uk/water/publications/papers/file38391.pdf">originalen</a> (PDF) 21. september 2015. Henta Sep 16, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Camels+Don%27t+Fly%2C+Deserts+Don%27t+Bloom%3A+an+Assessment+of+Saudi-Arabia%27s+Experiment+in+Desert+Agriculture&rft.aufirst=Elie&rft.aulast=Elhadj&rft.date=2004-05&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SOAS+Water+Group+Publications&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.soas.ac.uk%2Fwater%2Fpublications%2Fpapers%2Ffile38391.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-249"><a href="#cite_ref-249">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/12/121217-saudi-arabia-water-grabs-ethiopia/">«Saudi-Arabia Stakes a Claim on the Nile - Water Grabbers - National Geographic»</a>. Henta 11. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia+Stakes+a+Claim+on+the+Nile+-+Water+Grabbers+-+National+Geographic&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.nationalgeographic.com%2Fnews%2F2012%2F12%2F121217-saudi-arabia-water-grabs-ethiopia%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-GWI_April_2011-250"><a href="#cite_ref-GWI_April_2011_250-0">↑</a> Global Water Intelligence:Becoming a world-class water utility, April 2011 </li> <li id="cite_note-CIA_World_Factbook-251">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_251-0">251,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_251-1">251,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_251-2">251,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_251-3">251,3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_251-4">251,4</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_251-5">251,5</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_World_Factbook_251-6">251,6</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html">Saudi-Arabia</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_World_Factbook&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The World Factbook (sida finst ikkje)">The World Factbook</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-252"><a href="#cite_ref-252">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saudigazette.com.sa/index.cfm?method=home.regcon&contentID=2010112487888&archiveissuedate=24/11/2010">«Census shows Kingdom's population at more than 27 million»</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006080326/http://www.saudigazette.com.sa/index.cfm?method=home.regcon&contentID=2010112487888&archiveissuedate=24%2F11%2F2010">Arkivert</a> 2014-10-06 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. Saudi Gazette. 24. november 2010 </li> <li id="cite_note-253"><a href="#cite_ref-253">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/node/303840">«Saudi-Arabia on the Dole»</a>. The Economist. 20. april 2000. Henta 11. september 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia+on+the+Dole&rft.chron=20.+april+2000&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnode%2F303840&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-254"><a href="#cite_ref-254">↑</a> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110507035406/http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/unpp/Panel_profiles.htm">World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision</a>, arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/unpp/Panel_profiles.htm">originalen</a> 7. mai 2011, henta 13. oktober 2015</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=World+Population+Prospects%3A+The+2010+Revision&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fesa.un.org%2Funpd%2Fwpp%2Funpp%2FPanel_profiles.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> . United Nations </li> <li id="cite_note-long-27-255"><a href="#cite_ref-long-27_255-0">↑</a> <a href="#Long">Long</a>, s. 27 </li> <li id="cite_note-256"><a href="#cite_ref-256">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190108120845/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html">«Saudi-Arabia»</a>. The World Factbook. Cia.gov. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html">originalen</a> 8. januar 2019. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fsa.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-257"><a href="#cite_ref-257">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131115051640/http://www.relooney.info/SI_Milken-Arabia/0-Important_14.pdf">«Saudi-Arabia Population Statistics 2011 (arabisk)»</a> (PDF). s. 11. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.relooney.info/SI_Milken-Arabia/0-Important_14.pdf">originalen</a> (PDF) 15. november 2013. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia+Population+Statistics+2011+%28arabisk%29&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pages=11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.relooney.info%2FSI_Milken-Arabia%2F0-Important_14.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-258"><a href="#cite_ref-258">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181214002857/https://www.opendemocracy.net/faith-europe_islam/mecca_3882.jsp">«Mekka: islam's cosmopolitan heart»</a>. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opendemocracy.net/faith-europe_islam/mecca_3882.jsp">originalen</a> 14. desember 2018. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Mekka%3A+islam%27s+cosmopolitan+heart&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.opendemocracy.net%2Ffaith-europe_islam%2Fmecca_3882.jsp&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-259"><a href="#cite_ref-259">↑</a> <a href="#House">House</a>, s. 69 </li> <li id="cite_note-260"><a href="#cite_ref-260">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Harvey Tripp (2003). Culture Shock, Saudi-Arabia. Singapore: Portland, Oregon: Times Media Private Limited. s. 31.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Harvey+Tripp&rft.btitle=Culture+Shock%2C+Saudi-Arabia&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=31&rft.place=Singapore%3A+Portland%2C+Oregon&rft.pub=Times+Media+Private+Limited&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-261"><a href="#cite_ref-261">↑</a> Ein journalist hevdar at 51 % av folkesetnaden er yngre enn 25 år: <cite class="citation web">Caryle Murphy (7. februar 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsecuritybeat.org/2012/02/saudi-arabias-youth-and-the-kingdoms-future/">«Saudi-Arabia’s Youth and the Kingdom’s Future»</a>. Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars' Environmental Change and Security Program.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Caryle+Murphy&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia%99s+Youth+and+the+Kingdom%99s+Future&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Woodrow+Wilson+International+Center+for+Scholars%27+Environmental+Change+and+Security+Program&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsecuritybeat.org%2F2012%2F02%2Fsaudi-arabias-youth-and-the-kingdoms-future%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  To andre kjelder hevdar at 60 % er under 21 år: <cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/node/21548973">«Out of the comfort zone»</a>. The Economist. 3. mars 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Out+of+the+comfort+zone&rft.chron=3.+mars+2012&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnode%2F21548973&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> , <a href="#House">House</a>, s. 221 </li> <li id="cite_note-262"><a href="#cite_ref-262">↑</a> The Economist har oppført 9 millionar: <cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21589871-saudi-edict-limit-reliance-foreign-workers-fraught">«Go home, but who will replace you?»</a>. The Economist. 16. november 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Go+home%2C+but+who+will+replace+you%3F&rft.chron=16.+november+2013&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnews%2Fmiddle-east-and-africa%2F21589871-saudi-edict-limit-reliance-foreign-workers-fraught&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  out of a population of 30 million: <cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21595480-despite-their-immense-wealth-saudis-are-not-happy-no-satisfaction">«Saudi-Arabia No satisfaction»</a>. The Economist. 1. februar 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia+No+satisfaction&rft.chron=1.+februar+2014&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnews%2Fmiddle-east-and-africa%2F21595480-despite-their-immense-wealth-saudis-are-not-happy-no-satisfaction&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-alriyadh.com-263">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-alriyadh.com_263-0">263,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-alriyadh.com_263-1">263,1</a> <cite class="citation web">جريدة الرياض. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alriyadh.com/2010/08/05/article549461.html">«جريدة الرياض : سكان المملكة 27 مليوناً بينهم 8 ملايين مقيم»</a>. Alriyadh.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B6&rft.btitle=%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B6+%3A+%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9+27+%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9+%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%87%D9%85+8+%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86+%D9%85%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%85&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Alriyadh.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alriyadh.com%2F2010%2F08%2F05%2Farticle549461.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-264"><a href="#cite_ref-264">↑</a> Willem Adriaan Veenhoven and Winifred Crum Ewing (1976) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tIfYPppdbeYC&pg=PA452">Case studies on human rights and fundamental freedoms: a world survey</a>, BRILL, s. 452. <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/9024717795" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 90-247-1779-5</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-265"><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_265-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/history/slavery_8.shtml">«Religion & Ethics – islam and slavery: Abolition»</a>. BBC.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Religion+%26+Ethics+%93+islam+and+slavery%3A+Abolition&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Freligion%2Freligions%2Fislam%2Fhistory%2Fslavery_8.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated2-266"><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated2_266-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120201010846/http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24160">«Slavery»</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/article-24160">originalen</a> 1. februar 2012. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Slavery&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fblackhistory%2Farticle-24160&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-267"><a href="#cite_ref-267">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=SA">Saudi-Arabia</a>. Ethnologue </li> <li id="cite_note-PewForump.17-268"><a href="#cite_ref-PewForump.17_268-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/files/2009/10/Muslimpopulation.pdf">Mapping the World Muslim Population</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180619214725/http://www.pewforum.org/files/2009/10/Muslimpopulation.pdf">Arkivert</a> 2018-06-19 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.(October 2009), Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life. s. 16 (p. 17 of the PDF). </li> <li id="cite_note-PF2009-269">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-PF2009_269-0">269,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PF2009_269-1">269,1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population/">«Mapping the Global Muslim Population. Countries with More Than 100,000 Shia Muslims»</a>. Pew Forum. October 7, 2009. Henta 11. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Mapping+the+Global+Muslim+Population.+Countries+with+More+Than+100%2C000+Shia+Muslims&rft.date=2009-10-07&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pew+Forum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2F2009%2F10%2F07%2Fmapping-the-global-muslim-population%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc-shia-270">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-bbc-shia_270-0">270,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbc-shia_270-1">270,1</a> <cite class="citation news">al-Qudaihi, Anees (24. mars 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/7959531.stm">«Saudi-Arabia's Shia press for rights»</a>. bbc.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia%27s+Shia+press+for+rights&rft.aufirst=Anees&rft.aulast=al-Qudaihi&rft.chron=24.+mars+2009&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2F7959531.stm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-cfr-shiite-271">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-cfr-shiite_271-0">271,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cfr-shiite_271-1">271,1</a> <cite class="citation web">Beehner, Lionel (16. juni 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100411123648/http://www.cfr.org/publication/10903/shiite_muslims_in_the_middle_east.html">«Shia Muslims in the Mideast»</a>. Council on Foreign Relations. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cfr.org/publication/10903/shiite_muslims_in_the_middle_east.html">originalen</a> 11. april 2010. Henta 11. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.aufirst=Lionel&rft.aulast=Beehner&rft.btitle=Shia+Muslims+in+the+Mideast&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Council+on+Foreign+Relations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cfr.org%2Fpublication%2F10903%2Fshiite_muslims_in_the_middle_east.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Nasr2006_s._236-272"><a href="#cite_ref-Nasr2006_s._236_272-0">↑</a> Nasr, Shia Revival, (2006) p.236 </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Daily_Star-273">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Daily_Star_273-0">273,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Daily_Star_273-1">273,1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=10&categ_id=4&article_id=121904#axzz17dQMsZEu">The Daily Star</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101127003849/http://dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=10&categ_id=4&Article_id=121904#axzz17dQMsZEu">Arkivert</a> 2010-11-27 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.| Lamine Chikhi| 27.11.2010. </li> <li id="cite_note-274"><a href="#cite_ref-274">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabnews.com/number-pakistani-expats-exceeds-15-m">«Number of Pakistani expats exceeds 1.5 m»</a>. Arabnews.com. 29. august 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Number+of+Pakistani+expats+exceeds+1.5+m&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Arabnews.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabnews.com%2Fnumber-pakistani-expats-exceeds-15-m&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-275"><a href="#cite_ref-275">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.un.org/esa/population/meetings/EGM_Ittmig_Arab/P02_Kapiszewski.pdf">«Arab versus Asian migrant workers in the GCC countries»</a> (PDF). s. 10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Arab+versus+Asian+migrant+workers+in+the+GCC+countries&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pages=10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fesa%2Fpopulation%2Fmeetings%2FEGM_Ittmig_Arab%2FP02_Kapiszewski.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-276"><a href="#cite_ref-276">↑</a> Paragraf 12.4 og 14.1 i Executive Regulation of Saudi Citizenship System: <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171206005736/http://www.moi.gov.sa/wps/wcm/connect/121c03004d4bb7c98e2cdfbed7ca8368/EN_saudi_nationality_system.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CACHEID=121c03004d4bb7c98e2cdfbed7ca8368">«1954 saudiarabiske Citizenship System»</a> (PDF). Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moi.gov.sa/wps/wcm/connect/121c03004d4bb7c98e2cdfbed7ca8368/EN_saudi_nationality_system.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CACHEID=121c03004d4bb7c98e2cdfbed7ca8368">originalen</a> (PDF) 6. desember 2017. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=1954+saudiarabiske+Citizenship+System&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moi.gov.sa%2Fwps%2Fwcm%2Fconnect%2F121c03004d4bb7c98e2cdfbed7ca8368%2FEN_saudi_nationality_system.pdf%3FMOD%3DAJPERES%26CACHEID%3D121c03004d4bb7c98e2cdfbed7ca8368&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-277"><a href="#cite_ref-277">↑</a> 2004 law passed by Saudi-Arabia's Council of Ministers. <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabnews.com/?page=1&section=0&article=58980&d=14&m=2&y=2005">«Expatriates Can Apply for Saudi Citizenship in Two-to-Three Months»</a>. Arabnews.com. 14. februar 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Expatriates+Can+Apply+for+Saudi+Citizenship+in+Two-to-Three+Months&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Arabnews.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabnews.com%2F%3Fpage%3D1%26section%3D0%26article%3D58980%26d%3D14%26m%3D2%26y%3D2005&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-278"><a href="#cite_ref-278">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/sep/12/saudi-arabia-says-reports-of-its-syrian-refugee-response-false-and-misleading">«Saudi-Arabia says criticism of Syria refugee response 'false and misleading'»</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. 12. september 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia+says+criticism+of+Syria+refugee+response+%27false+and+misleading%27&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%27%27The+Guardian%27%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2015%2Fsep%2F12%2Fsaudi-arabia-says-reports-of-its-syrian-refugee-response-false-and-misleading&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-279"><a href="#cite_ref-279">↑</a> P.K. Abdul Ghafour (21. oktober 2011) <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111108233041/http://www.arabnews.com/node/395511">3 million expats to be sent out gradually</a>, arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabnews.com/node/395511">originalen</a> 8. november 2011, henta 13. oktober 2015</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=3+million+expats+to+be+sent+out+gradually&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabnews.com%2Fnode%2F395511&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-280"><a href="#cite_ref-280">↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2009/apr/01/yemen-guantanamo-al-qaida">Yemen's point of no return</a>". The Guardian. 1. april 2009. </li> <li id="cite_note-281"><a href="#cite_ref-281">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Mohammed al-Kibsi (12. januar 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hiiraan.com/news2/2008/jan/saudi_authorities_erect_barriers_on_yemeni_border.aspx">«Saudi authorities erect barriers on Jemeni border»</a>. Jemen Observer.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+authorities+erect+barriers+on+Jemeni+border&rft.au=Mohammed+al-Kibsi&rft.chron=12.+januar+2008&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jemen+Observer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hiiraan.com%2Fnews2%2F2008%2Fjan%2Fsaudi_authorities_erect_barriers_on_yemeni_border.aspx&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-282"><a href="#cite_ref-282">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.persecutionofahmadis.org/saudi-arabia-amnesty-international-calls-for-end-to-arrests-and-expulsions/">«Saudi-Arabia: Amnesty International calls for end to arrests and expulsions Persecution of Ahmadiyya Muslim Community»</a>. Persecutionofahmadis.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia%3A+Amnesty+International+calls+for+end+to+arrests+and+expulsions++Persecution+of+Ahmadiyya+Muslim+Community&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Persecutionofahmadis.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.persecutionofahmadis.org%2Fsaudi-arabia-amnesty-international-calls-for-end-to-arrests-and-expulsions%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-283"><a href="#cite_ref-283">↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.vice.com/article/dogs-are-better-than-you-saudi-arabia-accused-of-mass-abuses-during-migrant-worker-crackdown">'Dogs Are Better Than You': Saudi-Arabia Accused of Mass Abuses During Migrant Worker Crackdown</a>". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vice_News&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vice News (sida finst ikkje)">Vice News</a>. 11. mai 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-284"><a href="#cite_ref-284">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cdsi.gov.sa/english/">regionen</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYRB2004-285"><a href="#cite_ref-NYRB2004_285-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.network54.com/Forum/242875/message/1096582797/Unloved+in+Arabia">«Unloved in Arabia»</a>. New York Review of Books. 21. oktober 2004. Henta 11. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Unloved+in+Arabia&rft.chron=21.+oktober+2004&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Review+of+Books&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.network54.com%2FForum%2F242875%2Fmessage%2F1096582797%2FUnloved%2Bin%2BArabia&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Arabia:_the_Cradle_of_islam-286">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Arabia:_the_Cradle_of_islam_286-0">286,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arabia:_the_Cradle_of_islam_286-1">286,1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.muhammadanism.org/Zwemer/arabia/arabia_cradle_islam.pdf">Arabia: the Cradle of islam</a>, 1900, S.M.Zwemmer </li> <li id="cite_note-depstate-287">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-depstate_287-0">287,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-depstate_287-1">287,1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2004/35507.htm">«International Religious Freedom Report 2004»</a>. US Department of State. Henta 22. september 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=International+Religious+Freedom+Report+2004&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=US+Department+of+State&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fj%2Fdrl%2Frls%2Firf%2F2004%2F35507.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-288"><a href="#cite_ref-288">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RS21695.pdf">«The islamic Traditions of Wahhabism and Salafiyya»</a>, US Congressional Research Service Report, 2008, by Christopher M. Blanchard available from the Federation of American Scientists website </li> <li id="cite_note-289"><a href="#cite_ref-289">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/dec/07/wikileaks-cables-saudi-princes-parties">WikiLeaks cables: Saudi princes throw parties boasting drink, drugs and sex | World news</a>. The Guardian (7. desember 2010). Henta on 9. mai 2012. </li> <li id="cite_note-290"><a href="#cite_ref-290">↑</a> <a href="#HT2009">Tripp, Culture Shock, 2009</a>: p.154-5) </li> <li id="cite_note-291"><a href="#cite_ref-291">↑</a> tida varierer med soloppgang og solnedgang </li> <li id="cite_note-HT2009:_214-292"><a href="#cite_ref-HT2009:_214_292-0">↑</a> <a href="#HT2009">Tripp, Culture Shock, 2009</a>: s.214 </li> <li id="cite_note-293"><a href="#cite_ref-293">↑</a> Sulaiman, Tosin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/economics/article697051.ece">Bahrain changes the weekend in efficiency drive</a>, The Times, 2. august 2006. Henta 11. oktober 2015. Tyrkia har helg laurdag og søndag </li> <li id="cite_note-294"><a href="#cite_ref-294">↑</a> Før 29. juni 2013 var helga torsdag-fredag, men for å betre tilpasse seg det internasjonale samfunnet var det endra. (kjelde: «Weekend shift: A welcome change», SaudiGazette.com.sa, 24. juni 2013 <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.saudigazette.com.sa/index.cfm?method=home.regcon&contentid=20130624171030">http://www.saudigazette.com.sa/index.cfm?method=home.regcon&contentid=20130624171030</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141029175552/http://www.saudigazette.com.sa/index.cfm?method=home.regcon&contentid=20130624171030">Arkivert</a> 2014-10-29 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. ) </li> <li id="cite_note-HT2009:35-295"><a href="#cite_ref-HT2009:35_295-0">↑</a> <a href="#HT2009">Tripp, Culture Shock, 2009</a>: p.35 </li> <li id="cite_note-nyrob-relig-educ-296">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-nyrob-relig-educ_296-0">296,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyrob-relig-educ_296-1">296,1</a> <cite class="citation journal">Rodenbeck, Max (21. oktober 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nybooks.com/articles/17477">«Unloved in Arabia (Book Review)»</a>. The New York Review of Books 51.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Unloved+in+Arabia+%28Book+Review%29&rft.aufirst=Max&rft.aulast=Rodenbeck&rft.chron=21.+oktober+2004&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Review+of+Books&rft.volume=51&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Farticles%2F17477&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nyrob-relig-books-297"><a href="#cite_ref-nyrob-relig-books_297-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation journal">Rodenbeck, Max (21. oktober 2004.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nybooks.com/articles/17477">«Unloved in Arabia (Book Review)»</a>. The New York Review of Books 51.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Unloved+in+Arabia+%28Book+Review%29&rft.aufirst=Max&rft.aulast=Rodenbeck&rft.chron=21.+oktober+2004.&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Review+of+Books&rft.volume=51&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Farticles%2F17477&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-298"><a href="#cite_ref-298">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nybooks.com/articles/17477">Review. «Unloved in Arabia»</a> By Max Rodenbeck. The New York Review of Books, Volume 51, Number 16 · 21. oktober 2004 </li> <li id="cite_note-299"><a href="#cite_ref-299">↑</a> from p.195 of a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/4284264?seq=4#page_scan_tab_contents">review</a> by Joshua Teitelbum, Middle East Studies, Vol. 38, No. 4, Oct., 2002, of Changed Identities: The Challenge of the New Generation in Saudi-Arabia by anthropologist Mai Yamani, quoting p.116. </li> <li id="cite_note-IRFR-300"><a href="#cite_ref-IRFR_300-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2008/108492.htm">Saudi-Arabia: International Religious Freedom Report 2008</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-irf2013-301"><a href="#cite_ref-irf2013_301-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/religiousfreedom/index.htm#wrapper">«Saudi-Arabia: International Religious Freedom Report 2013»</a>. U.S. State Department. 17. november 2013. Henta 14. oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia%3A+International+Religious+Freedom+Report+2013&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=U.S.+State+Department&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fj%2Fdrl%2Frls%2Firf%2Freligiousfreedom%2Findex.htm%23wrapper&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-statsKSA-302"><a href="#cite_ref-statsKSA_302-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://country-stats.com/en/countries/asia/saudi-arabia/10599-saudi-arabia-culture.html">«Saudi-Arabia – Culture»</a>. Country Stats. Henta 11. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia+%93+Culture&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Country+Stats.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcountry-stats.com%2Fen%2Fcountries%2Fasia%2Fsaudi-arabia%2F10599-saudi-arabia-culture.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-303"><a href="#cite_ref-303">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Human Rights Watch (2009). Denied dignity: systematic discrimination and hostility toward Saudi Shia citizens. s. 1. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/1-56432-535-0" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/1-56432-535-0">1-56432-535-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.btitle=Denied+dignity%3A+systematic+discrimination+and+hostility+toward+Saudi+Shia+citizens&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-56432-535-0&rft.pages=1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-304"><a href="#cite_ref-304">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Human Rights Watch (2009). Denied dignity: systematic discrimination and hostility toward Saudi <a href="/wiki/Shia" class="mw-redirect" title="Shia">Shia</a> citizens. s. 2, 8–10. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/1-56432-535-0" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/1-56432-535-0">1-56432-535-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.btitle=Denied+dignity%3A+systematic+discrimination+and+hostility+toward+Saudi+Shia+citizens&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-56432-535-0&rft.pages=2%2C+8-10&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-305"><a href="#cite_ref-305">↑</a> Islamic Political Culture, Democracy, and Human Rights: A Comparative Study, p 93 Daniel E. Price – 1999 </li> <li id="cite_note-Times-306">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Times_306-0">306,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Times_306-1">306,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Times_306-2">306,2</a> <cite class="citation news">Owen, Richard (17. mars 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/europe/article3571835.ece">«Saudi-Arabia extends hand of friendship to Pope»</a>. The Times (London). Henta 11. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia+extends+hand+of+friendship+to+Pope&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.aulast=Owen&rft.chron=17.+mars+2008&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesonline.co.uk%2Ftol%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Farticle3571835.ece&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-irf2010-307">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-irf2010_307-0">307,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-irf2010_307-1">307,1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2010/148843.htm">«Saudi-Arabia: International Religious Freedom Report 2010»</a>. U.S. State Department. 17. november 2010. Henta 11. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia%3A+International+Religious+Freedom+Report+2010&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=U.S.+State+Department&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fg%2Fdrl%2Frls%2Firf%2F2010%2F148843.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-308"><a href="#cite_ref-308">↑</a> Samuel Smith (18. desember 2014) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christianpost.com/news/saudi-arabias-new-law-imposes-death-sentence-for-bible-smugglers-131352/#!">«Saudi-Arabia's New Law Imposes Death Sentence for Bible Smugglers?»</a>. Christian Post. </li> <li id="cite_note-309"><a href="#cite_ref-309">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.handsoffcain.info/news/index.php?iddocumento=18309927">«SAUDI ARABIA IMPOSES DEATH SENTENCE FOR BIBLE SMUGGLING»</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160408000107/http://www.handsoffcain.info/news/index.php?iddocumento=18309927">Arkivert</a> 2016-04-08 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.. handsoffcain.info. 28. november 2014 </li> <li id="cite_note-310"><a href="#cite_ref-310">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/saudi-arabia-declares-all-atheists-are-terrorists-in-new-law-to-crack-down-on-political-dissidents-9228389.html">Saudi-Arabia declares all atheists are terrorists in new law to crack down on political dissidents</a>, The Independent, 4. mars 2014 </li> <li id="cite_note-311"><a href="#cite_ref-311">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2594139/Saudi-Arabia-declares-atheists-terrorists-new-laws.html">Saudi-Arabia declares atheists terrorists under new laws targeting citizens who 'call for secular thought in any form'</a>, Main Online, 1. april 2014 </li> <li id="cite_note-312"><a href="#cite_ref-312">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/05/15/saudi-arabia-2-years-behind-bars-apostasy-accusation">«Saudi-Arabia: 2 Years Behind Bars on Apostasy Accusation»</a>. Human Rights Watch. 15. mai 2014. Henta 11. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia%3A+2+Years+Behind+Bars+on+Apostasy+Accusation&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Human+Rights+Watch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fnews%2F2014%2F05%2F15%2Fsaudi-arabia-2-years-behind-bars-apostasy-accusation&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-313"><a href="#cite_ref-313">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Maria Grazia Martino. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=tuVhBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA80&dq&hl=en&sa=X&ei=HnHzVPqLM8HOaNvugfgB&ved=0CCAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false">The State as an Actor in Religion Policy: Policy Cycle and Governance</a>. Henta 19. mars 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Maria+Grazia+Martino&rft.btitle=The+State+as+an+Actor+in+Religion+Policy%3A+Policy+Cycle+and+Governance&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.uk%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtuVhBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA80%26dq%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ei%3DHnHzVPqLM8HOaNvugfgB%26ved%3D0CCAQ6AEwAA%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-314"><a href="#cite_ref-314">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/the-destruction-of-mecca-saudi-hardliners-are-wiping-out-their-own-heritage-501647.html">'The destruction of Mekka: Saudi hardliners are wiping out their own heritage'</a>, The Independent, 6. august 2005. Henta 17. januar 2011 </li> <li id="cite_note-315"><a href="#cite_ref-315">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamicpluralism.org/764/islamic-heritage-lost-as-makkah-modernises">‘Islamic heritage lost as Makkah modernises’</a> Center for islamic Pluralism </li> <li id="cite_note-independent.co.uk-316"><a href="#cite_ref-independent.co.uk_316-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/shame-of-the-house-of-saud-shadows-over-mecca-474736.html">‘Shame of the House of Saud: Shadows over Mecca’</a>, The Independent, 19. april 2006 </li> <li id="cite_note-317"><a href="#cite_ref-317">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://theamericanmuslim.org/tam.php/features/articles/saudi_destruction_of_muslim_historical_sites/">Destruction of islamic Architectural Heritage in Saudi-Arabia: A Wake-up Call</a>, The American Muslim. Henta 17. januar 2011 </li> <li id="cite_note-LA_Times-318">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-LA_Times_318-0">318,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LA_Times_318-1">318,1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151018115808/http://www.thelovelyplanet.net/traditional-dress-of-the-kingdom-of-saudi-arabia/">«Traditional dress of the Kingdom of Saudi-Arabia»</a>. 29. september 2015. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thelovelyplanet.net/traditional-dress-of-the-kingdom-of-saudi-arabia/">originalen</a> 18. oktober 2015. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Traditional+dress+of+the+Kingdom+of+Saudi-Arabia&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelovelyplanet.net%2Ftraditional-dress-of-the-kingdom-of-saudi-arabia%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Return_of_cinema_in_Saudi-Arabia_provokes_critics-319"><a href="#cite_ref-Return_of_cinema_in_Saudi-Arabia_provokes_critics_319-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldfocus.org/blog/2009/01/05/return-of-cinema-in-saudi-arabia-provokes-critics/3473/">World Focus</a>. 5. januar 2009 </li> <li id="cite_note-Guardian2410-320"><a href="#cite_ref-Guardian2410_320-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Trevor Mostyn (24. august 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/aug/24/ghazi-algosaibi-obituary">«Ghazi al-Gosaibi obituary»</a>. The Guardian (London).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Ghazi+al-Gosaibi+obituary&rft.au=Trevor+Mostyn&rft.chron=24.+august+2010&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Fworld%2F2010%2Faug%2F24%2Fghazi-algosaibi-obituary&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-321"><a href="#cite_ref-321">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/europe/magazine/article/0 13005 901050117-1015836,00.html">«Triumphant Trilogy»</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Daude_eksterne_lenkjer" title="Wikipedia:Daude eksterne lenkjer">daud lenkje</a>], by Malu Halasa, Time, 17. januar 2005 </li> <li id="cite_note-322"><a href="#cite_ref-322">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/books/article2041373.ece">«Sex and the Saudi Girl»</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a>. 8. juli 2007 </li> <li id="cite_note-323"><a href="#cite_ref-323">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111028000423/http://saudiembassy.net/files/PDF/Publications/Magazine/1998-Winter/slamdunk.htm">«Saudi Arabian Slam Dunk, Fall 1997, Winter 1998, Volume 14, Number 4, Saudi-Arabia»</a>. Saudiembassy.net. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.saudiembassy.net/files/PDF/Publications/Magazine/1998-Winter/slamdunk.htm">originalen</a> 28. oktober 2011. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Saudi+Arabian+Slam+Dunk%2C+Fall+1997%2C+Winter+1998%2C+Volume+14%2C+Number+4%2C+Saudi-Arabia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Saudiembassy.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saudiembassy.net%2Ffiles%2FPDF%2FPublications%2FMagazine%2F1998-Winter%2Fslamdunk.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-324"><a href="#cite_ref-324">↑</a> <cite class="citation web">Joud Al. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120120102128/http://arabnews.com/saudiarabia/article463435.ece">«Saudi women show greater interest in sports and games»</a>. Arab News. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arabnews.com/saudiarabia/article463435.ece">originalen</a> 20. januar 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Joud+Al&rft.btitle=Saudi+women+show+greater+interest+in+sports+and+games&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Arab+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farabnews.com%2Fsaudiarabia%2Farticle463435.ece&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-325"><a href="#cite_ref-325">↑</a> <cite class="citation web">Todor Krastev (21. september 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://todor66.com/basketball/Asia/Men_1999.html">«Men Basketball Asia Championship 1999 Fukuoka (JPN)- 28.08–05.09 Winner China»</a>. Todor66.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Todor+Krastev&rft.btitle=Men+Basketball+Asia+Championship+1999+Fukuoka+%28JPN%29-+28.08%9305.09+Winner+China&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Todor66.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftodor66.com%2Fbasketball%2FAsia%2FMen_1999.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-326"><a href="#cite_ref-326">↑</a> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110209211635/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-01-26/saudi-unemployment-at-10-pct-in-2010.html">Saudi unemployment at 10 %</a>, arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-01-26/saudi-unemployment-at-10-pct-in-2010.html">originalen</a> 9. februar 2011, henta 13. oktober 2015</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Saudi+unemployment+at+10+%25&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2F2011-01-26%2Fsaudi-unemployment-at-10-pct-in-2010.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> . The Associated Press via Bloomberg, 26. januar 2011 </li> <li id="cite_note-327"><a href="#cite_ref-327">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pechterpolls.com/?p=69">‘Saudi Public Opinion: A rare look’</a> 27. januar 2010, Pechter Polls. Henta 12. oktober 2015 </li> <li id="cite_note-328"><a href="#cite_ref-328">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pechterpolls.com/?p=85">‘Saudi-Arabia by numbers’</a> 12. februar 2010, Pechter Polls. Henta 12. oktober 2015 </li> <li id="cite_note-Saudi-Arabia_2010-329">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Saudi-Arabia_2010_329-0">329,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Saudi-Arabia_2010_329-1">329,1</a> 'Jihad in Saudi-Arabia: Violence and Pan-Islamism since 1979' by Thomas Hegghammer, 2010, Cambridge Middle East Studies <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/9780521732369" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-521-73236-9</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nation-330"><a href="#cite_ref-Nation_330-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenation.com/article/saudi-arabia-kingdom-divided?page=0,3">‘Saudi Arabia, a kingdom divided’</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305143234/http://www.thenation.com/article/saudi-arabia-kingdom-divided/?page=0,3">Arkivert</a> 2016-03-05 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. The Nation, 22. mai 2006. Henta 12. oktober 2015, </li> <li id="cite_note-331"><a href="#cite_ref-331">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/ecd0fb74-3ddf-11e0-99ac-00144feabdc0,s01=1.html#axzz1Edawl81f">“Saudi Arabs confront gap between expectation and reality”</a>, Financial Times, 21. februar 2011. Henta 21. februar 2011 </li> <li id="cite_note-332"><a href="#cite_ref-332">↑</a> <cite class="citation web">Khalaf al-Harbi (9. juli 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100715052845/http://arabnews.com/saudiarabia/article81402.ece">«Child abuse: We and the Americans»</a>. Arab News. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arabnews.com/saudiarabia/article81402.ece">originalen</a> 15. juli 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Khalaf+al-Harbi&rft.btitle=Child+abuse%3A+We+and+the+Americans&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Arab+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farabnews.com%2Fsaudiarabia%2Farticle81402.ece&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-333"><a href="#cite_ref-333">↑</a> <cite class="citation web">Abdul Rahman Shaheen (24. desember 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/saudi-arabia/report-alleges-rise-in-child-abuse-in-saudi-arabia-1.150333">«Report alleges rise in child abuse in Saudi-Arabia»</a>. Gulf News. Henta 20. august 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Abdul+Rahman+Shaheen&rft.btitle=Report+alleges+rise+in+child+abuse+in+Saudi-Arabia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Gulf+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgulfnews.com%2Fnews%2Fgulf%2Fsaudi-arabia%2Freport-alleges-rise-in-child-abuse-in-saudi-arabia-1.150333&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-334"><a href="#cite_ref-334">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Zawawi, Suzan (24. januar 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mafhoum.com/press9/265S28.htm">«Abuse of Female Domestic Workers Biggest Problem»</a>. The Saudi Gazette. Henta 22. september 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Abuse+of+Female+Domestic+Workers+Biggest+Problem&rft.aufirst=Suzan&rft.aulast=Zawawi&rft.chron=24.+januar+2006&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Saudi+Gazette&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mafhoum.com%2Fpress9%2F265S28.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_Usher-335">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_Usher_335-0">335,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC_Usher_335-1">335,1</a> <cite class="citation news">Usher, Sebastian (28. august 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-23872152">«Saudi-Arabia cabinet approves domestic abuse ban»</a>. BBC News. Henta 12. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia+cabinet+approves+domestic+abuse+ban&rft.aufirst=Sebastian&rft.aulast=Usher&rft.chron=28.+august+2013&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-23872152&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-336"><a href="#cite_ref-336">↑</a> <cite class="citation web">Murphy, Caryle. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsecuritybeat.org/2012/02/saudi-arabias-youth-and-the-kingdoms-future/">«Saudi-Arabia’s Youth and the Kingdom’s Future»</a>. 7. februar 2012. Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars' Environmental Change and Security Program. Henta 13. mai 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia%99s+Youth+and+the+Kingdom%99s+Future&rft.aufirst=Caryle&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=7.+februar+2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsecuritybeat.org%2F2012%2F02%2Fsaudi-arabias-youth-and-the-kingdoms-future%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-econ-337"><a href="#cite_ref-econ_337-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/node/21548973">«Out of the comfort zone»</a>. The Economist. 3. mars 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Out+of+the+comfort+zone&rft.chron=3.+mars+2012&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnode%2F21548973&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-House-221-338"><a href="#cite_ref-House-221_338-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">House, Karen Elliott (2012). On Saudi-Arabia : Its People, Past, Religion, Fault Lines and Future. Knopf. s. 221.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=House%2C+Karen+Elliott&rft.btitle=On+Saudi-Arabia+%3A+Its+People%2C+Past%2C+Religion%2C+Fault+Lines+and+Future&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=221&rft.pub=Knopf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-House-103-339"><a href="#cite_ref-House-103_339-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">House, Karen Elliott (2012). On Saudi-Arabia : Its People, Past, Religion, Fault Lines and Future. Knopf. s. 103.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=House%2C+Karen+Elliott&rft.btitle=On+Saudi-Arabia+%3A+Its+People%2C+Past%2C+Religion%2C+Fault+Lines+and+Future&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=103&rft.pub=Knopf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-cousin-340"><a href="#cite_ref-cousin_340-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150309113948/http://stream.aljazeera.com/story/201306180036-0022835">«Cousin marriages: tradition versus taboo»</a>. Al Jazeera. 18. juni 2013. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stream.aljazeera.com/story/201306180036-0022835">originalen</a> 9. mars 2015. Henta 18. mars 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Cousin+marriages%3A+tradition+versus+taboo&rft.chron=18.+juni+2013&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstream.aljazeera.com%2Fstory%2F201306180036-0022835&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-WSJ-341"><a href="#cite_ref-WSJ_341-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">McKay, Betsy (4. februar 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702304887104579306831456121354">«Saudis Push Gene-Sequencing Research»</a>. Wall Street Journal. Henta 29. september 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudis+Push+Gene-Sequencing+Research&rft.aufirst=Betsy&rft.aulast=McKay&rft.chron=4.+februar+2014&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2FSB10001424052702304887104579306831456121354&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-342"><a href="#cite_ref-342">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2003/05/01/world/saudi-arabia-awakes-to-the-perils-of-inbreeding.html">Saudi-Arabia Awakes to the Perils of Inbreeding</a>. New York Times. 1. mai 2003 </li> <li id="cite_note-lowWR-343"><a href="#cite_ref-lowWR_343-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.alarabiya.net/en/business/economy/2013/11/03/Kingdom-has-tenth-lowest-poverty-rate-worldwide-says-World-Bank.html">«Saudi-Arabia has tenth lowest poverty rate worldwide, says World Bank»</a>. al-Arabiyya. Saudi Gazette. 3. november 2013. Henta 2. oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia+has+tenth+lowest+poverty+rate+worldwide%2C+says+World+Bank&rft.chron=3.+november+2013&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.alarabiya.net%2Fen%2Fbusiness%2Feconomy%2F2013%2F11%2F03%2FKingdom-has-tenth-lowest-poverty-rate-worldwide-says-World-Bank.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Sullivan-344">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan_344-0">344,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan_344-1">344,1</a> <cite class="citation news">Sullivan, Kevin (1. januar 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jan/01/saudi-arabia-riyadh-poverty-inequality">«Saudi-Arabia's riches conceal a growing problem of poverty»</a>. The Guardian. Washington Post. Henta 2. oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia%27s+riches+conceal+a+growing+problem+of+poverty&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.chron=1.+januar+2013&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2013%2Fjan%2F01%2Fsaudi-arabia-riyadh-poverty-inequality&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-State2010-345">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-State2010_345-0">345,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-State2010_345-1">345,1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-State2010_345-2">345,2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-State2010_345-3">345,3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-State2010_345-4">345,4</a> <a href="#cite_ref-State2010_345-5">345,5</a> <a href="#cite_ref-State2010_345-6">345,6</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2010/nea/154472.htm">«2010 Human Rights Report: Saudi-Arabia»</a>. U.S. State Department. 8. april 2011. Henta 11. juli 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=2010+Human+Rights+Report%3A+Saudi-Arabia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=U.S.+State+Department&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fg%2Fdrl%2Frls%2Fhrrpt%2F2010%2Fnea%2F154472.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-346"><a href="#cite_ref-346">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">World Economic Forum (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101108161527/http://www.weforum.org/pdf/gendergap/report2010.pdf">The Global Gender Gap Report 2010</a> (PDF). s. 9. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-92-95044-89-0" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-92-95044-89-0">978-92-95044-89-0</a>. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weforum.org/pdf/gendergap/report2010.pdf">originalen</a> (PDF) 8. november 2010. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=World+Economic+Forum&rft.btitle=The+Global+Gender+Gap+Report+2010&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-92-95044-89-0&rft.pages=9&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weforum.org%2Fpdf%2Fgendergap%2Freport2010.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-«AlJazeeraAmerica»-347"><a href="#cite_ref-«AlJazeeraAmerica»_347-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2013/8/30/saudi-arabia-passeslawcriminalizingdomesticabuse.html">«Saudi Arabia passes law criminalizing domestic abuse»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Jazeera_America&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Jazeera America (sida finst ikkje)">Al Jazeera America</a>. <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_Media_Network" title="Al Jazeera Media Network">Al Jazeera Media Network</a>. 30. august 2013. Henta 12. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia+passes+law+criminalizing+domestic+abuse&rft.chron=30.+august+2013&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera+America&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famerica.aljazeera.com%2Farticles%2F2013%2F8%2F30%2Fsaudi-arabia-passeslawcriminalizingdomesticabuse.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-348"><a href="#cite_ref-348">↑</a> <cite class="citation web">Heather Saul (29. august 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/saudi-arabia-cabinet-passes-ban-on-domestic-violence-8789358.html">«Saudi-Arabia cabinet passes ban on domestic violence»</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a>. Independent Print Limited. Henta 12. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi-Arabia+cabinet+passes+ban+on+domestic+violence&rft.au=Heather+Saul&rft.chron=29.+august+2013&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Fsaudi-arabia-cabinet-passes-ban-on-domestic-violence-8789358.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-HRWPM2-349">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-HRWPM2_349-0">349,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HRWPM2_349-1">349,1</a> <cite class="citation book">Human Rights Watch (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=nFv4d6LdyFEC&printsec=frontcover">Perpetual Minors: human rights abuses from male guardianship and sex segregation in Saudi-Arabia</a>. s. 2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.btitle=Perpetual+Minors%3A+human+rights+abuses+from+male+guardianship+and+sex+segregation+in+Saudi-Arabia&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DnFv4d6LdyFEC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-350"><a href="#cite_ref-350">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Human Rights Watch (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=nFv4d6LdyFEC&printsec=frontcover">Perpetual Minors: human rights abuses from male guardianship and sex segregation in Saudi-Arabia</a>. s. 3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.btitle=Perpetual+Minors%3A+human+rights+abuses+from+male+guardianship+and+sex+segregation+in+Saudi-Arabia&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DnFv4d6LdyFEC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-351"><a href="#cite_ref-351">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://memri.org/bin/articles.cgi?Page=archives&Area=ia&ID=IA31206">«Saudi Writer and Journalist Wajeha Al-Huwaider Fights for Women's Rights»</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=MEMRI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MEMRI (sida finst ikkje)">MEMRI</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Saudi+Writer+and+Journalist+Wajeha+Al-Huwaider+Fights+for+Women%27s+Rights&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=MEMRI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmemri.org%2Fbin%2Farticles.cgi%3FPage%3Darchives%26Area%3Dia%26ID%3DIA31206&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-352"><a href="#cite_ref-352">↑</a> <a href="#Long">Long</a>, s. 66 </li> <li id="cite_note-Otto164-353"><a href="#cite_ref-Otto164_353-0">↑</a> <a href="#Otto">Otto</a>, s. 164 </li> <li id="cite_note-Otto163-354">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Otto163_354-0">354,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Otto163_354-1">354,1</a> <a href="#Otto">Otto</a>, s. 163 </li> <li id="cite_note-Otto165-355">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Otto165_355-0">355,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Otto165_355-1">355,1</a> <a href="#Otto">Otto</a>, s. 165 </li> <li id="cite_note-356"><a href="#cite_ref-356">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arabnews.com/saudi-women-no-longer-confined-their-conventional-roles">Saudi women no longer confined to their conventional roles</a> Arab News, Henta 3. juli 2013 </li> <li id="cite_note-357"><a href="#cite_ref-357">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quandl.com/demography/age-at-first-marriage-female-all-countries">Age at First Marriage, Female – All Countries</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140421114327/http://www.quandl.com/demography/age-at-first-marriage-female-all-countries">Arkivert</a> 2014-04-21 ved <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Quandl, Henta 3. juli 2013 </li> <li id="cite_note-358"><a href="#cite_ref-358">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.women-without-borders.org/files/downloads/111104_Gulf_Analysis_Saudi_Youth.pdf">«Saudi Youth: Unveiling the Force for Change»</a> (PDF).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Saudi+Youth%3A+Unveiling+the+Force+for+Change&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.women-without-borders.org%2Ffiles%2Fdownloads%2F111104_Gulf_Analysis_Saudi_Youth.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-359"><a href="#cite_ref-359">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/meast/01/17/saudi.child.marriage/">'Top Saudi cleric: OK for young girls to wed'</a> CNN, 17. januar 2009; Henta 18. januar 2011 </li> <li id="cite_note-360"><a href="#cite_ref-360">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2015/02/10/Women-constitute-13-of-Saudi-workforce-stats-agency.html">http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2015/02/10/Women-constitute-13-of-Saudi-workforce-stats-agency.html</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-unicef-literacy-361"><a href="#cite_ref-unicef-literacy_361-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/saudiarabia_statistics.html">«Statistics 2012»</a>. unicef.org. UNICEF. Henta 18. oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Statistics+2012&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=unicef.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicef.org%2Finfobycountry%2Fsaudiarabia_statistics.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-beliefs-362"><a href="#cite_ref-beliefs_362-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation journal">Al-Eisa, Einas S.; Al-Sobayel, Hana I. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jnme/2012/642187/">«Physical Activity and Health Beliefs among Saudi Women»</a>. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Physical+Activity+and+Health+Beliefs+among+Saudi+Women&rft.au=Al-Sobayel%2C+Hana+I.&rft.aufirst=Einas+S.&rft.aulast=Al-Eisa&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Nutrition+and+Metabolism&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindawi.com%2Fjournals%2Fjnme%2F2012%2F642187%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Dammer-363"><a href="#cite_ref-Dammer_363-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Dammer,, Harry R.; Albanese, Jay S. (2010). Comparative Criminal Justice Systems. s. 106. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-495-80989-0" title="Spesial:Bokkjelder/978-0-495-80989-0">978-0-495-80989-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Albanese%2C+Jay+S.&rft.aufirst=Harry+R.&rft.aulast=Dammer%2C&rft.btitle=Comparative+Criminal+Justice+Systems&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-495-80989-0&rft.pages=106&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-reuters-364"><a href="#cite_ref-reuters_364-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Alsharif, Asma (24. mai 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110527063043/http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/05/24/saudi-driving-idUSLDE74N0ET20110524">«Saudi should free woman driver-rights group»</a>. Reuters. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/05/24/saudi-driving-idUSLDE74N0ET20110524">originalen</a> 27. mai 2011. Henta 28. juli 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Saudi+should+free+woman+driver-rights+group&rft.aufirst=Asma&rft.aulast=Alsharif&rft.chron=24.+mai+2011&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2011%2F05%2F24%2Fsaudi-driving-idUSLDE74N0ET20110524&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-alarabiya.net-365"><a href="#cite_ref-alarabiya.net_365-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2009/11/21/91996.html">«Saudi women rise up after years of absence»</a>. Alarabiya.net. 21. november 2009. Henta 28. april 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Saudi+women+rise+up+after+years+of+absence&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Alarabiya.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alarabiya.net%2Farticles%2F2009%2F11%2F21%2F91996.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-366"><a href="#cite_ref-366">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.arabnews.com/?page=1&section=0&article=37847&d=11&m=1&y=2004">«Saudi Doctor Named Visiting Professor at Johns Hopkins University»</a>. Archive.arabnews.com. 11. januar 2004. Henta 28. april 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Saudi+Doctor+Named+Visiting+Professor+at+Johns+Hopkins+University&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Archive.arabnews.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.arabnews.com%2F%3Fpage%3D1%26section%3D0%26article%3D37847%26d%3D11%26m%3D1%26y%3D2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-367"><a href="#cite_ref-367">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-15052030">Women in Saudi-Arabia to vote and run in elections</a> <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-368"><a href="#cite_ref-368">↑</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.camera.org/archives/2011/10/media_in_the_service_of_king_abdullah.html">«CAMERA Snapshots: Media in the Service of King Abdullah»</a>. Blog.camera.org. 9. oktober 2011. Henta 3. mars 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=CAMERA+Snapshots%3A+Media+in+the+Service+of+King+Abdullah&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Blog.camera.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.camera.org%2Farchives%2F2011%2F10%2Fmedia_in_the_service_of_king_abdullah.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-99Miller-108-369"><a href="#cite_ref-99Miller-108_369-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Miller, Judith (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tH_ThgVEoAcC&pg=PA109&lpg=PA109&dq=saudi+husbands+henpecked&source=bl&ots=OKffmd2VQ9&sig=M1HHvCGxfr0bbrsDm_r2k6bUg14&hl=en&sa=X&ei=8g9EVPjzAYKsyATVioHgCw&ved=0CFsQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=saudi%20husbands%20henpecked&f=false">God Has Ninety-Nine Names: Reporting from a Militant Middle East</a>. Simon & Schuster. s. 108–9. Henta 19. oktober 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.aufirst=Judith&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.btitle=God+Has+Ninety-Nine+Names%3A+Reporting+from+a+Militant+Middle+East&rft.date=1996&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=108-9&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtH_ThgVEoAcC%26pg%3DPA109%26lpg%3DPA109%26dq%3Dsaudi%2Bhusbands%2Bhenpecked%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DOKffmd2VQ9%26sig%3DM1HHvCGxfr0bbrsDm_r2k6bUg14%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ei%3D8g9EVPjzAYKsyATVioHgCw%26ved%3D0CFsQ6AEwCA%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dsaudi%2520husbands%2520henpecked%26f%3Dfalse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-FH-education-370"><a href="#cite_ref-FH-education_370-0">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Shea, Nona; et al. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081001152022/http://www.freedomhouse.org/uploads/special_report/48.pdf">Saudi-Arabia's Curriculum of Intolerence</a> (PDF). Center for Religious Freedom, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Freedom_House&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Freedom House (sida finst ikkje)">Freedom House</a>. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freedomhouse.org/uploads/special_report/48.pdf">originalen</a> (PDF) 1. oktober 2008. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Shea%2C+Nona&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia%27s+Curriculum+of+Intolerence&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Center+for+Religious+Freedom%2C+Freedom+House&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.freedomhouse.org%2Fuploads%2Fspecial_report%2F48.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-chronicle.com-371">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-chronicle.com_371-0">371,0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-chronicle.com_371-1">371,1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chronicle.com/article/Saudi-Arabias-Education/124771/">«Saudi Arabia's Education Reforms Emphasize Training for Jobs»</a> The Chronicle of Higher Education, 3. oktober 2010. </li> <li id="cite_note-372"><a href="#cite_ref-372">↑</a> Robert Sedgwick (1. november 2001) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wes.org/ewenr/01nov/practical.htm">Education in Saudi-Arabia</a>. World Education News and Reviews. </li> <li id="cite_note-373"><a href="#cite_ref-373">↑</a> <cite class="citation book">Nona Shea; et al. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081001152022/http://www.freedomhouse.org/uploads/special_report/48.pdf">Saudi-Arabia's Curriculum of Intolerence</a> (PDF). Center for Religious Freedom, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Freedom_House&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Freedom House (sida finst ikkje)">Freedom House</a>. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freedomhouse.org/uploads/special_report/48.pdf">originalen</a> (PDF) 1. oktober 2008. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.au=Nona+Shea&rft.btitle=Saudi-Arabia%27s+Curriculum+of+Intolerence&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Center+for+Religious+Freedom%2C+Freedom+House&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.freedomhouse.org%2Fuploads%2Fspecial_report%2F48.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-374"><a href="#cite_ref-374">↑</a> <cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081211172311/http://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=70&release=379">Revised Saudi Government Textbooks Still Demonize Christians, Jews, Non-Wahhabi Muslims and Other</a>. Freedom House. 23. mai 2006. Arkivert frå <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.freedomhouse.org/template.cfm?page=70&release=379">originalen</a> 11. desember 2008. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.btitle=Revised+Saudi+Government+Textbooks+Still+Demonize+Christians%2C+Jews%2C+Non-Wahhabi+Muslims+and+Other&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Freedom+House&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.freedomhouse.org%2Ftemplate.cfm%3Fpage%3D70%26release%3D379&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-«Panorama-375"><a href="#cite_ref-«Panorama_375-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-11799713">«Saudi school lessons in UK concern government»</a>. 22. november 2010. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-376"><a href="#cite_ref-376">↑</a> <cite class="citation news">Friedman, Thomas L. (2. september 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/02/opinion/thomas-friedman-our-radical-islamic-bff-saudi-arabia.html">«Our Radical islamic BFF i Saudi-Arabia»</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Henta 13. oktober 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fnn.wikipedia.org%3ASaudi-Arabia&rft.atitle=Our+Radical+islamic+BFF+i+Saudi-Arabia&rft.aufirst=Thomas+L.&rft.aulast=Friedman&rft.chron=2.+september+2015&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F09%2F02%2Fopinion%2Fthomas-friedman-our-radical-islamic-bff-saudi-arabia.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bakgrunnsstoff">Bakgrunnsstoff</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&veaction=edit&section=34" title="Endre bolk: Bakgrunnsstoff" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">endre</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Arabia&action=edit&section=34" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Bakgrunnsstoff">endre wikiteksten</a>]</div> <div class="interbox"> <div style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle;"><a 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class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a> Reiseguide for <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> frå Wikivoyage</div></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saudi.gov.sa/wps/portal/espp">Saudi-Arabia</a> - offisiell nettside</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-14702705">Saudi-Arabia</a> på <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_Saudi-Arabia" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of Saudi-Arabia">Wikimedia Atlas of Saudi-Arabia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=SA">Key Development Forecasts for Saudi-Arabia</a> from <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Futures&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Futures (sida finst ikkje)">International Futures</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3515230">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mal:Midtausten&action=edit"><abbr title="Endre denne malen">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Midtausten" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Midtausten" title="Midtausten">Midtausten</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> · <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a> · <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> · <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jemen" title="Jemen">Jemen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Republikken_Kypros" title="Republikken Kypros">Kypros</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> · <a href="/wiki/Libanon" title="Libanon">Libanon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nord-Kypros" title="Nord-Kypros">Nord-Kypros</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> · <a href="/wiki/Det_palestinske_omr%C3%A5det" title="Det palestinske området">Palestina</a> · <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dei_sameinte_arabiske_emirata" title="Dei sameinte arabiske emirata">Dei sameinte arabiske emirata</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saudi-Arabia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tyrkia" title="Tyrkia">Tyrkia</a></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/Fil:Middle_East_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/70px-Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/105px-Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/140px-Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="553" /></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3515230"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3559440"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Land_ved_Persiabukta" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-vis"><a href="/wiki/Mal:Land_ved_Persiabukta" title="Mal:Land ved Persiabukta"><abbr title="Vis denne malen">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskuter"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maldiskusjon:Land_ved_Persiabukta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maldiskusjon:Land ved Persiabukta (sida finst ikkje)"><abbr title="Diskuter denne malen">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-endre"><a class="external text" href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mal:Land_ved_Persiabukta&action=edit"><abbr title="Endre denne malen">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Land_ved_Persiabukta" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Land ved <a href="/wiki/Persiabukta" title="Persiabukta">Persiabukta</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/33px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> · <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/33px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/44px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> · <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/33px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/44px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> · <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/22px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/33px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/44px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> · <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/22px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/33px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/44px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saudi-Arabia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dei_sameinte_arabiske_emirata" title="Dei sameinte arabiske emirata"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Dei_sameinte_arabiske_emirata" title="Dei sameinte arabiske emirata">Dei sameinte arabiske emirata</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3515230"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3559440"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Land_ved_Raudehavet" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-vis"><a href="/wiki/Mal:Land_ved_Raudehavet" title="Mal:Land ved Raudehavet"><abbr title="Vis denne malen">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskuter"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maldiskusjon:Land_ved_Raudehavet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maldiskusjon:Land ved Raudehavet (sida finst ikkje)"><abbr title="Diskuter denne malen">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-endre"><a class="external text" href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mal:Land_ved_Raudehavet&action=edit"><abbr title="Endre denne malen">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Land_ved_Raudehavet" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Land ved <a href="/wiki/Raudehavet" title="Raudehavet">Raudehavet</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/22px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/33px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/44px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a> · <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/22px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/33px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/44px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/22px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/33px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/44px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia">Etiopia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/22px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/33px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/44px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saudi-Arabia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jemen" title="Jemen"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/22px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/33px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/44px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Jemen" title="Jemen">Jemen</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3515230"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3559440"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Land_ved_Indiahavet" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-vis"><a href="/wiki/Mal:Land_ved_Indiahavet" title="Mal:Land ved Indiahavet"><abbr title="Vis denne malen">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskuter"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maldiskusjon:Land_ved_Indiahavet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maldiskusjon:Land ved Indiahavet (sida finst ikkje)"><abbr title="Diskuter denne malen">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-endre"><a class="external text" href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mal:Land_ved_Indiahavet&action=edit"><abbr title="Endre denne malen">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Land_ved_Indiahavet" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Land ved <a href="/wiki/Indiahavet" title="Indiahavet">Indiahavet</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Komorane" title="Komorane">Komorane</a> · <a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a> · <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Frankrike</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a> · <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a> · <a href="/wiki/Madagaskar" title="Madagaskar">Madagaskar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mosambik" title="Mosambik">Mosambik</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rodrigues" title="Rodrigues">Rodrigues</a> (Mauritius) · <a href="/wiki/Seychellane" title="Seychellane">Seychellane</a> · <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ikkje_anerkjende-land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ikkje anerkjende-land (sida finst ikkje)">ikkje-anerkjend</a>) · <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8r-Afrika" title="Sør-Afrika">Sør-Afrika</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zanzibar" title="Zanzibar">Zanzibar</a>, Tanzania</div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/Fil:Indianocean.PNG" class="mw-file-description" title="Kart over Indiahavet"><img alt="Kart over Indiahavet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Indianocean.PNG/100px-Indianocean.PNG" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Indianocean.PNG/150px-Indianocean.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Indianocean.PNG/200px-Indianocean.PNG 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="330" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> · <a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Chagos%C3%B8yane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chagosøyane (sida finst ikkje)">Chagosøyane</a> - Storbritannia · <a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a> (Australia) · <a href="/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a> (Australia) · <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> · <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> · <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a> · <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> · <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Maldivane" title="Maldivane">Maldivane</a> · <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saudi-Arabia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> · <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> · <a href="/wiki/Aust-Timor" title="Aust-Timor">Timor-Leste</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dei_sameinte_arabiske_emirata" title="Dei sameinte arabiske emirata">Dei sameinte arabiske emirata</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jemen" title="Jemen">Jemen</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Andre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Antarktis" title="Antarktis">Antarktis</a> (<a href="/wiki/Australian_Antarctic_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Antarctic Territory">Australian Antarctic Territory</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French Southern and Antarctic Lands (sida finst ikkje)">French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a> · <a href="/wiki/Heard_Island_and_McDonald_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Heard Island and McDonald Islands">Heard Island and McDonald Islands</a> · <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3515230"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3559440"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="G-20-land" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-vis"><a href="/wiki/Mal:G20" title="Mal:G20"><abbr title="Vis denne malen">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskuter"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maldiskusjon:G20&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maldiskusjon:G20 (sida finst ikkje)"><abbr title="Diskuter denne malen">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-endre"><a class="external text" href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mal:G20&action=edit"><abbr title="Endre denne malen">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="G-20-land" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=G-20-land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G-20-land (sida finst ikkje)">G-20-land</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina"><img alt="Flagget til Argentina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/22px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/33px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/44px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> · <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Flagget til Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil"><img alt="Flagget til Brasil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/44px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil">Brasil</a> · <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Flagget til Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> · <a href="/wiki/Den_europeiske_unionen" title="Den europeiske unionen"><img alt="Flagget til EU" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/22px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/33px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/44px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Den_europeiske_unionen" title="Den europeiske unionen">Den europeiske unionen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike"><img alt="Flagget til Frankrike" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Frankrike</a> · <a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="Flagget til India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> · <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"><img alt="Flagget til Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia"><img alt="Flagget til Italia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Flagget til Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Folkerepublikken_Kina" title="Folkerepublikken Kina"><img alt="Den kinesiske flagget" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kina" class="mw-redirect" title="Kina">Kina</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><img alt="Flagget til Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/33px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/44px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> · <a href="/wiki/Russland" title="Russland"><img alt="Flagget til Russland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Russland" title="Russland">Russland</a> · <a href="/wiki/Saudi-Arabia" title="Saudi-Arabia"><img alt="Flagget til Saudi-Arabia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saudi-Arabia</a> · <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8r-Afrika" title="Sør-Afrika"><img alt="Flagget til Sør-Afrika" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8r-Afrika" title="Sør-Afrika">Sør-Afrika</a> · <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8r-Korea" title="Sør-Korea"><img alt="Flagget til Sør-Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B8r-Korea" title="Sør-Korea">Sør-Korea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tyrkia" title="Tyrkia"><img alt="Flagget til Tyrkia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/33px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/44px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Tyrkia" title="Tyrkia">Tyrkia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tyskland" title="Tyskland"><img alt="Flagget til Tyskland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Tyskland" title="Tyskland">Tyskland</a> · <a href="/wiki/Storbritannia" title="Storbritannia"><img alt="Det britiske flagget" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Storbritannia" title="Storbritannia">Storbritannia</a> · <a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA"><img alt="Det amerikanske flagget" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> <a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">USA</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3515230"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3559440"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Golfrådet" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-vis"><a href="/wiki/Mal:Golfr%C3%A5det" title="Mal:Golfrådet"><abbr title="Vis denne malen">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskuter"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maldiskusjon:Golfr%C3%A5det&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maldiskusjon:Golfrådet (sida finst ikkje)"><abbr title="Diskuter denne malen">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-endre"><a class="external text" href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mal:Golfr%C3%A5det&action=edit"><abbr title="Endre denne malen">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Golfrådet" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golfr%C3%A5det&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Golfrådet (sida finst ikkje)">Golfrådet</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medlemsland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> · <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> · <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saudi-Arabia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dei_sameinte_arabiske_emirata" title="Dei sameinte arabiske emirata">Dei sameinte arabiske emirata</a></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/Fil:Flag_of_the_Cooperation_Council_for_the_Arab_States_of_the_Gulf.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the (Persian) Gulf"><img alt="Flag of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the (Persian) Gulf" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Flag_of_the_Cooperation_Council_for_the_Arab_States_of_the_Gulf.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_Cooperation_Council_for_the_Arab_States_of_the_Gulf.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Flag_of_the_Cooperation_Council_for_the_Arab_States_of_the_Gulf.svg/113px-Flag_of_the_Cooperation_Council_for_the_Arab_States_of_the_Gulf.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Flag_of_the_Cooperation_Council_for_the_Arab_States_of_the_Gulf.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Cooperation_Council_for_the_Arab_States_of_the_Gulf.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="431" data-file-height="216" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisasjonar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peninsula_Shield_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peninsula Shield Force (sida finst ikkje)">Peninsula Shield Force</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gulf_Cup_of_Nations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gulf Cup of Nations (sida finst ikkje)">Gulf Cup of Nations</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=GCC_Patent_Office&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GCC Patent Office (sida finst ikkje)">GCC Patent Office</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3515230"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3559440"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Den_arabiske_ligaen" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-vis"><a href="/wiki/Mal:Den_arabiske_ligaen" title="Mal:Den arabiske ligaen"><abbr title="Vis denne malen">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskuter"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maldiskusjon:Den_arabiske_ligaen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maldiskusjon:Den arabiske ligaen (sida finst ikkje)"><abbr title="Diskuter denne malen">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-endre"><a class="external text" href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mal:Den_arabiske_ligaen&action=edit"><abbr title="Endre denne malen">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Den_arabiske_ligaen" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Den_arabiske_ligaen" title="Den arabiske ligaen">Den arabiske ligaen</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medlemmar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algerie" title="Algerie">Algerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dei_sameinte_arabiske_emirata" title="Dei sameinte arabiske emirata">Dei sameinte arabiske emirata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jemen" title="Jemen">Jemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komorane" title="Komorane">Komorane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libanon" title="Libanon">Libanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marokko" title="Marokko">Marokko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Det_palestinske_omr%C3%A5det" title="Det palestinske området">Palestina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saudi-Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observatørar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil">Brasil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Suspendert</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3515230"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3559440"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3515230"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3559440"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Organisasjonen_for_islamsk_samarbeid_(OIC)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-vis"><a href="/wiki/Mal:Organisasjonen_for_islamsk_samarbeid" title="Mal:Organisasjonen for islamsk samarbeid"><abbr title="Vis denne malen">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskuter"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maldiskusjon:Organisasjonen_for_islamsk_samarbeid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maldiskusjon:Organisasjonen for islamsk samarbeid (sida finst ikkje)"><abbr title="Diskuter denne malen">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-endre"><a class="external text" href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mal:Organisasjonen_for_islamsk_samarbeid&action=edit"><abbr title="Endre denne malen">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Organisasjonen_for_islamsk_samarbeid_(OIC)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organisasjonen_for_islamsk_samarbeid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organisasjonen for islamsk samarbeid (sida finst ikkje)">Organisasjonen for islamsk samarbeid</a> (OIC)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medlemsland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Algerie" title="Algerie">Algerie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Aserbajdsjan" title="Aserbajdsjan">Aserbajdsjan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> · <a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a> · <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a> · <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kamerun" title="Kamerun">Kamerun</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tsjad" title="Tsjad">Tsjad</a> · <a href="/wiki/Komorane" title="Komorane">Komorane</a> · <a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a> · <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gambia" title="Gambia">Gambia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Guinea" title="Guinea">Guinea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a> · <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a> · <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> · <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a> · <a href="/wiki/Elfenbeinskysten" title="Elfenbeinskysten">Elfenbeinskysten</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kasakhstan" title="Kasakhstan">Kasakhstan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kirgisistan" title="Kirgisistan">Kirgisistan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Libanon" title="Libanon">Libanon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> · <a href="/wiki/Maldivane" title="Maldivane">Maldivane</a> · <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Marokko" title="Marokko">Marokko</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mosambik" title="Mosambik">Mosambik</a> · <a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> · <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Palestina" title="Palestina">Palestina</a> · <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a> · <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="Suriname">Suriname</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tadsjikistan" title="Tadsjikistan">Tadsjikistan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tyrkia" title="Tyrkia">Tyrkia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a> · <a href="/wiki/Usbekistan" title="Usbekistan">Usbekistan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dei_sameinte_arabiske_emirata" title="Dei sameinte arabiske emirata">Dei sameinte arabiske emirata</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jemen" title="Jemen">Jemen</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Suspendert</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observatørar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;">Land og territorium</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Bosnia-Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnia-Herzegovina">Bosnia-Herzegovina</a> · <a href="/wiki/Den_sentralafrikanske_republikken" title="Den sentralafrikanske republikken">Den sentralafrikanske republikken</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nord-Kypros" title="Nord-Kypros">Nord-Kypros</a>1 · <a href="/wiki/Russland" title="Russland">Russland</a> · <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;">Muslimske samfunn</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moro_nasojnale_frigjeringsfront&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moro nasojnale frigjeringsfront (sida finst ikkje)">Moro nasojnale frigjeringsfront</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;padding-right:0.75em;font-weight:normal;">Internasjonale organisasjonar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economic_Cooperation_Organization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economic Cooperation Organization (sida finst ikkje)">Economic Cooperation Organization</a> · <a href="/wiki/Den_afrikanske_unionen" title="Den afrikanske unionen">Den afrikanske unionen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Den_arabiske_ligaen" title="Den arabiske ligaen">Den arabiske ligaen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Organisasjonen_av_alliansefrie_nasjonar" title="Organisasjonen av alliansefrie nasjonar">Organisasjonen av alliansefrie nasjonar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dei_sameinte_nasjonane" title="Dei sameinte nasjonane">Dei sameinte nasjonane</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> · 1 Som «Den tyrkisk-kypriotiske staten».</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3515230"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3559440"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Organisasjonen_av_oljeeksporterande_land" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-vis"><a href="/wiki/Mal:OPEC" title="Mal:OPEC"><abbr title="Vis denne malen">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskuter"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maldiskusjon:OPEC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maldiskusjon:OPEC (sida finst 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title="Irak">Irak</a> · <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> · <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a> · <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Saudi-Arabia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> <table class="navbox nowraplinks" style="font-size:100%; padding:0; border:none; margin:-3px; text-align:left;"><tbody><tr> <th style="padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;color:black; background:#e6e6ff;white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Tidlegare</div></th> <td style="width:100%;" colspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3515230"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r3559440"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Monarki" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-vis"><a href="/wiki/Mal:Monarki" title="Mal:Monarki"><abbr title="Vis denne malen">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskuter"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maldiskusjon:Monarki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maldiskusjon:Monarki (sida finst ikkje)"><abbr title="Diskuter denne malen">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-endre"><a class="external text" href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mal:Monarki&action=edit"><abbr title="Endre denne malen">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monarki" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Monarki" title="Monarki">Monarki</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Etter verdsdel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarki_i_Afrika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarki i Afrika (sida finst ikkje)">Afrika</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarki_i_Amerika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarki i Amerika (sida finst ikkje)">Amerika</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarki_i_Asia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarki i Asia (sida finst ikkje)">Asia</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarki_i_Europa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarki i Europa (sida finst ikkje)">Europa</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monarki_i_Oseania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monarki i Oseania (sida finst ikkje)">Oseania</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Etter land</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Antigua_og_Barbuda" title="Antigua og Barbuda">Antigua og Barbuda</a> · <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra">Andorra</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bahamas" title="Bahamas">Bahamas</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> · <a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a> · <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a> · <a href="/wiki/Belgia" title="Belgia">Belgia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> · <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> · <a href="/wiki/Danmark" title="Danmark">Danmark</a> (<a href="/wiki/F%C3%A6r%C3%B8yane" title="Færøyane">Færøyane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%B8nland" title="Grønland">Grønland</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini</a> · <a 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scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Etter type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Absolutt_monarki" class="mw-redirect" title="Absolutt monarki">Absolutt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Konstitusjonelt_monarki" title="Konstitusjonelt monarki">Konstitusjonelt</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Valrike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valrike (sida finst ikkje)">Valt</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arvemonarki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arvemonarki (sida finst ikkje)">Arv</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dobbeltvelde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dobbeltvelde (sida finst ikkje)">Dobbeltvelde</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B8deralt_monark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Føderalt monark (sida finst ikkje)">Føderalt</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Kurisv indikerer <a 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