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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Founding,_early_growth_and_launch_of_DBS_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Founding,_early_growth_and_launch_of_DBS_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Founding, early growth and launch of DBS services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Founding,_early_growth_and_launch_of_DBS_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spin-off_of_infrastructural_assets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spin-off_of_infrastructural_assets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Spin-off of infrastructural assets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spin-off_of_infrastructural_assets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Acquisitions_and_expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Acquisitions_and_expansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Acquisitions and expansion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Acquisitions_and_expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Wireless" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wireless"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Wireless</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wireless-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-EchoStar_merger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#EchoStar_merger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>EchoStar merger</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-EchoStar_merger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Proposed_acquisition_by_DirecTV" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Proposed_acquisition_by_DirecTV"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.3</span> <span>Proposed acquisition by DirecTV</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Proposed_acquisition_by_DirecTV-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism_and_legal_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism_and_legal_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Criticism and legal issues</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Criticism_and_legal_issues-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Criticism and legal issues subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Criticism_and_legal_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Removal_of_regional_sports_programming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Removal_of_regional_sports_programming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Removal of regional sports programming</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Removal_of_regional_sports_programming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2023_ransomware_attack" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2023_ransomware_attack"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>2023 ransomware attack</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2023_ransomware_attack-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Services_and_devices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Services_and_devices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Services and devices</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Services_and_devices-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Services and devices subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Services_and_devices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-DishNET" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DishNET"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>DishNET</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DishNET-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-OnTech_Smart_Services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#OnTech_Smart_Services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>OnTech Smart Services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-OnTech_Smart_Services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Blockchain_and_cryptocurrency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Blockchain_and_cryptocurrency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Blockchain and cryptocurrency</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Blockchain_and_cryptocurrency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Charitable_causes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Charitable_causes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Charitable causes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Charitable_causes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Technical_information" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Technical_information"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Technical information</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Technical_information-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Technical information subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Technical_information-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Receivers_and_devices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Receivers_and_devices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Receivers and devices</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Receivers_and_devices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Earlier_satellite_dishes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Earlier_satellite_dishes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Earlier satellite dishes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Earlier_satellite_dishes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tailgater" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tailgater"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Tailgater</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tailgater-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hopper_and_Joey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hopper_and_Joey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3</span> <span>Hopper and Joey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hopper_and_Joey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Apps" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apps"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Apps</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apps-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sling_TV" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sling_TV"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Sling TV</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sling_TV-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Satellite_fleet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Satellite_fleet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Satellite fleet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Satellite_fleet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cable_TV_and_Satellite_internet_partner(s)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cable_TV_and_Satellite_internet_partner(s)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Cable TV and Satellite internet partner(s)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cable_TV_and_Satellite_internet_partner(s)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Cable TV and Satellite internet partner(s) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Cable_TV_and_Satellite_internet_partner(s)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fiber_Internet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fiber_Internet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Fiber Internet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fiber_Internet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-xDSL" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#xDSL"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>xDSL</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-xDSL-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Satellite_Internet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Satellite_Internet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Satellite Internet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Satellite_Internet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cable_Internet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cable_Internet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Cable Internet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cable_Internet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fixed_Wireless" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fixed_Wireless"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Fixed Wireless</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fixed_Wireless-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" 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Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B4_%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%83" title="دش نيتورك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دش نيتورك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="دیش نتورک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دیش نتورک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Dish Network" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Dish Network" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dish Network" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="دیش نتورک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دیش نتورک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dish Network" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%8B%9C_%EB%84%A4%ED%8A%B8%EC%9B%8C%ED%81%AC" title="디시 네트워크 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="디시 네트워크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dish Network" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dish Network" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Dish Network" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Dish Network" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%83%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8D%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF" title="ディッシュ・ネットワーク – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ディッシュ・ネットワーク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Dish Network" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dish Network" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Dish Network" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Dish Network" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Dish Network" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Dish Network" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dish Network" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Dish Network" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dish_Network" title="Dish Network – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Dish Network" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1199757#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Dish_Network" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Dish_Network" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American television provider</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output 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.ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">DISH Network L.L.C.</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dish_Network_2019.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Dish_Network_2019.svg/250px-Dish_Network_2019.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Dish_Network_2019.svg/375px-Dish_Network_2019.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Dish_Network_2019.svg/500px-Dish_Network_2019.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="367" data-file-height="139" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Logo since 2019</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dish_Network_Headquarters.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Dish_Network_Headquarters.jpg/250px-Dish_Network_Headquarters.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Dish_Network_Headquarters.jpg/375px-Dish_Network_Headquarters.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Dish_Network_Headquarters.jpg/500px-Dish_Network_Headquarters.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Dish Network corporate headquarters</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">EchoStar Communications Corporation (1980–2007)<br />DISH Network Corporation (2008–2023)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nasdaq" title="Nasdaq">Nasdaq</a>: DISH</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Multichannel_television_in_the_United_States" title="Multichannel television in the United States">Multichannel video programming distributor</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>1980<span class="noprint">; 44 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1980</span>)</span> (as EchoStar Communications Corporation)</li><li>January 1, 2008<span class="noprint">; 16 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2008-01-01</span>)</span> (as Dish Network Corporation)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founders</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Jim DeFranco</li><li>Charlie Ergen</li><li>Cantey Ergen</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/Meridian,_Colorado" title="Meridian, Colorado">Meridian, Colorado</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Ergen" title="Charlie Ergen">Charlie Ergen</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chairman" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairman">chairman</a>)</li><li>Hamid Akhavan (<a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_television" title="Satellite television">Direct-broadcast satellite</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pay_television" title="Pay television">Pay television</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pay-per-view" title="Pay-per-view">Pay-per-view</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Over-the-top_media_services" class="mw-redirect" title="Over-the-top media services">Over-the-top media services</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>17.437 billion</span> (2022)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> US$2.675 billion (2022)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> US$2.065 billion (2022)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> US$49.858 billion (2022)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> US$16.549 billion (2022)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 14,200</span> (December 2022)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/EchoStar" title="EchoStar">EchoStar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sling_TV" title="Sling TV">Sling TV</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Blockbuster_LLC" class="mw-redirect" title="Blockbuster LLC">Blockbuster LLC</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dish.com/">www<wbr />.dish<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>DISH Network L.L.C.</b>, often referred to as <b>DISH</b>, an abbreviation for <b>Digital Sky Highway</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-scoop_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scoop-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an American provider of <a href="/wiki/Satellite_television" title="Satellite television">satellite television</a> and <a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol_television" title="Internet Protocol television">IPTV</a> services and <a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">wholly owned subsidiary</a> of <a href="/wiki/EchoStar" title="EchoStar">EchoStar Corporation</a>. </p><p>The company was originally established as <a href="/wiki/EchoStar" title="EchoStar">EchoStar Communications</a>, and first launched its satellite television services under the DISH Network brand in 1996, utilizing its <a href="/wiki/EchoStar_I" title="EchoStar I">EchoStar I</a> satellite. In 2007, EchoStar <a href="/wiki/Corporate_spin-off" title="Corporate spin-off">spun off</a> its television business as DISH Network Corporation, with the satellite technology and infrastructural assets remaining under EchoStar. Both companies would remain under the control of EchoStar's co-founder <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Ergen" title="Charlie Ergen">Charlie Ergen</a>. </p><p>After the spin-off, the company pursued further acquisitions and business initiatives, including acquiring video rental chain <a href="/wiki/Blockbuster_(retailer)" title="Blockbuster (retailer)">Blockbuster</a> in an attempt to compete with <a href="/wiki/Netflix" title="Netflix">Netflix</a>, releasing a new <a href="/wiki/Set-top_box" title="Set-top box">set-top</a> <a href="/wiki/Digital_video_recorder" title="Digital video recorder">digital video recorder</a> (DVR) with the controversial ability to automatically skip <a href="/wiki/Television_advertisement" title="Television advertisement">commercials</a> in recordings. In 2015, the company launched <a href="/wiki/Over-the-top_media_service" title="Over-the-top media service">over-the-top</a> <a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol_television" title="Internet Protocol television">IPTV</a> services via the new subsidiary <a href="/wiki/Sling_TV" title="Sling TV">Sling TV</a>. In 2020, the company acquired the <a href="/wiki/Mobile_virtual_network_operator" title="Mobile virtual network operator">mobile virtual network operator</a> (MVNO) <a href="/wiki/Boost_Mobile" title="Boost Mobile">Boost Mobile</a> from <a href="/wiki/Sprint_Corporation" title="Sprint Corporation">Sprint Corporation</a> as part of its merger with <a href="/wiki/T-Mobile_US" title="T-Mobile US">T-Mobile US</a>, announcing an intent to develop a national <a href="/wiki/5G" title="5G">5G</a> network in order to supplant Sprint as a fourth major carrier. </p><p>In 2023, DISH Network was merged back into EchoStar in an all-stock transaction. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EchoStar-Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/EchoStar-Logo.svg/200px-EchoStar-Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/EchoStar-Logo.svg/300px-EchoStar-Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/EchoStar-Logo.svg/400px-EchoStar-Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="820" data-file-height="206" /></a><figcaption>Original logo as EchoStar Communications used from 1980 to 2007.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Original_Dish_Network_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Original_Dish_Network_logo.svg/220px-Original_Dish_Network_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Original_Dish_Network_logo.svg/330px-Original_Dish_Network_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Original_Dish_Network_logo.svg/440px-Original_Dish_Network_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="706" data-file-height="706" /></a><figcaption>Dish Network brand logo used by EchoStar from 2000–2005.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founding,_early_growth_and_launch_of_DBS_services"><span id="Founding.2C_early_growth_and_launch_of_DBS_services"></span>Founding, early growth and launch of DBS services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Founding, early growth and launch of DBS services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The company was formed in 1980 as EchoStar Communications by <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Ergen" title="Charlie Ergen">Charlie Ergen</a>, Candy Ergen, and Jim DeFranco, as a distributor of <a href="/wiki/C_band_(IEEE)" title="C band (IEEE)">C-band</a> satellite television systems.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1987, EchoStar applied for a <a href="/wiki/Satellite_television" title="Satellite television">satellite television</a> <a href="/wiki/Broadcast_license" title="Broadcast license">broadcast license</a> with the FCC and was granted access to orbital slot 119° west <a href="/wiki/Longitude" title="Longitude">longitude</a> in 1992.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A year after the launch of its first satellite, <a href="/wiki/EchoStar_I" title="EchoStar I">EchoStar I</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> EchoStar launched its DBS broadcast services under the DISH Network name on March 4, 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-scoop_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scoop-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That launch marked the beginning of its television services under a <a href="/wiki/Subscription_business_model" title="Subscription business model">subscription business model</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spin-off_of_infrastructural_assets">Spin-off of infrastructural assets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Spin-off of infrastructural assets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In January 2007, EchoStar Communications completed the <a href="/wiki/Corporate_spin-off" title="Corporate spin-off">corporate spin-off</a> of its technology and infrastructure assets into a separate company under the EchoStar name, and the remainder of the company was renamed DISH Network Corporation.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Acquisitions_and_expansion">Acquisitions and expansion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Acquisitions and expansion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Joseph Clayton became president and chief executive officer of the company in June 2011, while Charlie Ergen remained chairman.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Clayton remained in the position until March 31, 2015, when he retired, leaving Ergen to resume the post.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2017, Ergen was replaced by Erik Carlson.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same year, DISH Network spent over $3 billion in acquisitions of companies in bankruptcy,<sup id="cite_ref-deeper_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deeper-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This included the April 6, 2011, purchase of <a href="/wiki/Blockbuster_(retailer)" title="Blockbuster (retailer)">Blockbuster</a> in a bankruptcy auction for $322 million in cash and the assumption of $87 million in liabilities.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DISH Network also acquired DBSD and <a href="/wiki/TerreStar_Corporation" title="TerreStar Corporation">TerreStar Corporation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-deeper_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deeper-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2011, DISH would leverage Blockbuster's existing video on-demand and <a href="/wiki/DVD-by-mail" title="DVD-by-mail">DVD-by-mail</a> services as part of a new offering known as "Blockbuster Movie Pass"—an add-on for DISH Network television service incorporating movie channels, access to Blockbuster On Demand, and DVD-by-mail with unlimited in-store exchanges. The offering was positioned as a competitor to <a href="/wiki/Netflix" title="Netflix">Netflix</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Redbox" title="Redbox">Redbox</a>, with Blockbuster having touted that it received new releases for rental sooner than its competitors due to agreements they had reached requiring a 28-day delay.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-deeper_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deeper-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DISH Network also made a bid to purchase <a href="/wiki/Hulu" title="Hulu">Hulu</a> in October 2011, but Hulu's owners chose not to sell the company.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2013, DISH bid $5 billion for <a href="/wiki/Clearwire" title="Clearwire">Clearwire</a> to add wireless internet and mobile video services.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2013, it made a $25 billion bid for <a href="/wiki/Sprint_Corporation" title="Sprint Corporation">Sprint Corporation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2011, Dish petitioned the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a> to combine the S-Band spectrum it acquired from DBSD and Terrestar, and combine this spectrum with <a href="/wiki/LTE_(telecommunication)" title="LTE (telecommunication)">LTE</a>. Unlike <a href="/wiki/LightSquared" class="mw-redirect" title="LightSquared">LightSquared</a>, Dish's spectrum has minimal risk of disrupting <a href="/wiki/Global_Positioning_System" title="Global Positioning System">Global Positioning Systems</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the 2012 <a href="/wiki/Consumer_Electronics_Show" title="Consumer Electronics Show">Consumer Electronics Show</a>, DISH Network announced it would shorten its trade name to "DISH", to emphasize new developments such as its <a href="/wiki/Hopper_(DVR)" title="Hopper (DVR)">Hopper DVR</a> and broadband services.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After changing the position of a satellite orbital position from being over Mexico to Brazil in 2011, DISH sought companies that could make a deal, among them <span title="Spanish-language text"><span lang="es" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Telef%C3%B3nica" title="Telefónica">Telefónica</a></span></span>. However, nothing ever came of this, and DISH decided to enter the country itself. According to the <a href="/wiki/National_Telecommunications_Agency_(Brazil)" title="National Telecommunications Agency (Brazil)">Brazilian Agency of Telecommunications</a> (Anatel), they awaited the authorization of the application.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2019, nonetheless, DISH TV accepted to resign its satellite exploration rights assigned to EchoStar and thus ending the possibility of entering the Brazilian market.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2015, the company launched a subsidiary, <a href="/wiki/Sling_TV" title="Sling TV">Sling TV</a>—an <a href="/wiki/IPTV" class="mw-redirect" title="IPTV">IPTV</a> service distributed as an <a href="/wiki/Over-the-top_media_service" title="Over-the-top media service">over-the-top media service</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, EchoStar transferred the portion of its business which managed and provided broadcast satellite services, referred to as the BSS (Broadcast Satellite Services) business, to DISH to concentrate on broadband services and other initiatives.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Wireless">Wireless</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Wireless"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Boost_Mobile" title="Boost Mobile">Boost Mobile</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dish_Wireless_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ee/Dish_Wireless_logo.svg/220px-Dish_Wireless_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ee/Dish_Wireless_logo.svg/330px-Dish_Wireless_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ee/Dish_Wireless_logo.svg/440px-Dish_Wireless_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="373" data-file-height="48" /></a><figcaption>Logo used by DISH Wireless prior to its discontinuance as a distinct brand.</figcaption></figure><p>In 2019, as part of the <a href="/wiki/Merger_of_Sprint_Corporation_and_T-Mobile_US" title="Merger of Sprint Corporation and T-Mobile US">merger of Sprint Corporation and T-Mobile US</a>, DISH reached an agreement to acquire Sprint's prepaid wireless businesses, including <a href="/wiki/Boost_Mobile" title="Boost Mobile">Boost Mobile</a>, in order to quell <a href="/wiki/Antitrust" class="mw-redirect" title="Antitrust">antitrust</a> concerns. After the merger was approved by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Justice Department</a>, DISH stated that it intended to supplant Sprint as a fourth major national wireless carrier, and had committed to building out a 5G network serving at least 70% of the U.S. population by June 2023. As part of the agreement, DISH would receive access to the T-Mobile network for seven years while it builds out its 5G-specific network.<sup id="cite_ref-buysprepaid_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-buysprepaid-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The $1.4 billion sale was completed on July 1, 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With this purchase it officially launched its wireless business, DISH Wireless, offering prepaid service through the Boost brand as an <a href="/wiki/MVNO" class="mw-redirect" title="MVNO">MVNO</a> on the T-Mobile network.<sup id="cite_ref-buysprepaid_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-buysprepaid-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DISH stated intentions to offer branded postpaid service in the future with the build-out of their own network.<sup id="cite_ref-buysprepaid_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-buysprepaid-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>DISH purchased <a href="/wiki/Ting_Mobile" title="Ting Mobile">Ting Mobile</a> from <a href="/wiki/Tucows" title="Tucows">Tucows</a> on August 1, 2020,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Republic_Wireless" title="Republic Wireless">Republic Wireless</a> on March 8, 2021,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Gen_Mobile" title="Gen Mobile">Gen Mobile</a> on September 1, 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On July 19, 2021, DISH announced a 10-year, non-exclusive agreement with <a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Mobility" title="AT&T Mobility">AT&T Mobility</a> for 4G and 5G roaming on its network, accompanying the existing T-Mobile agreement. The $5 billion deal also includes sharing of DISH wireless spectrum with AT&T.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2022, DISH Wireless began to launch its self-developed 5G network, codenamed "Project Genesis", in <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas</a>; the company stated that it planned to serve at least 120 cities by the June 2023 deadline.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2022, DISH announced it had met a milestone requiring it to provide coverage to 20% of the U.S. population by June 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2022, DISH Wireless launched a postpaid service under the spin-off brand <a href="/wiki/Boost_Infinite" title="Boost Infinite">Boost Infinite</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2023, the company announced that it had met the requirement to provide coverage to 70% of the U.S. population by June 14, 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="EchoStar_merger">EchoStar merger</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: EchoStar merger"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In August 2023, EchoStar announced that it would acquire DISH Network in an all-stock purchase, undoing their previous split. The acquisition, which was completed December 31, 2023, was part of an effort to bolster the company's wireless business, with Ergen stating that it would allow them to offer "an enhanced consumer connectivity business". As Ergen already held 90% of the voting stock in both companies, the FCC considered the "acquisition" to be a reorganization of assets with no change in effective control.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2024, amid declines in subscribers, Boost Mobile underwent a relaunch with an updated brand identity, and Boost Infinite merged into the Boost Mobile business as part of a new plan lineup.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> EchoStar began referring to its 5G wireless network as the "Boost Mobile Network" and discontinued its usage of the DISH Wireless brand.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Proposed_acquisition_by_DirecTV">Proposed acquisition by DirecTV</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Proposed acquisition by DirecTV"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On September 30, 2024, DirecTV announced its intent to acquire DISH Network, under an arrangement under which <a href="/wiki/TPG_Inc." title="TPG Inc.">TPG Inc.</a> will acquire the remaining stake of DirecTV it does not already own from <a href="/wiki/AT%26T" title="AT&T">AT&T</a>, and then acquire DISH Network's video business from Echostar for $1 while assuming its <a href="/wiki/Debt" title="Debt">net debt</a>. The combined company will have a total of approximately 20 million television subscribers. DirecTV stated that it had no plans for any changes to the DISH or SlingTV services following the purchase. The sale comes amid declines in both services' customer bases amid <a href="/wiki/Cord-cutting" title="Cord-cutting">cord-cutting</a> and other factors. EchoStar CEO Hamid Akhavan stated that the agreement would allow the company to place a larger focus on expanding its wireless <a href="/wiki/Boost_Mobile" title="Boost Mobile">Boost Mobile</a> network.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> EchoStar and DirecTV expect the deal to close in the fourth quarter of 2025.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In November, DirecTV abandoned the deal due to opposition from its bondholders.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism_and_legal_issues">Criticism and legal issues</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Criticism and legal issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Dish_Network" title="Criticism of Dish Network">Criticism of Dish Network</a></div> <p>DISH and its subsidiaries have faced legal action for some of its questionable practices, including fines for <a href="/wiki/Telemarketing" title="Telemarketing">telemarketing</a> tactics such as failure to disclose fees with full transparency.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wisc_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wisc-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012, DISH and a group of the United States' major television networks filed lawsuits over "AutoHop", a feature in its recently-released <a href="/wiki/Hopper_(DVR)" title="Hopper (DVR)">Hopper</a> set-top boxes that allowed users to detect and automatically skip commercials in their recordings.<sup id="cite_ref-Bloomberg_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloomberg-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYTimes_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DISH later reached agreements with ABC, CBS, and Fox, under which it agreed to disable the feature for a certain window of time after a program's first airing.<sup id="cite_ref-verge-dishcbsautohop_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-verge-dishcbsautohop-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lat-disneytruce_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lat-disneytruce-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-thr-nofoxautohop_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thr-nofoxautohop-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023 DISH was fined $150,000 by the FCC for failing to de-orbit its <a href="/wiki/EchoStar_VII" title="EchoStar VII">EchoStar VII</a> satellite according to the terms of its license; this was the first fine ever issued to a company over the matter of "<a href="/wiki/Space_debris" title="Space debris">space debris</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Removal_of_regional_sports_programming">Removal of regional sports programming</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Removal of regional sports programming"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dish Network has always refused to carry some of the higher-priced <a href="/wiki/Regional_sports_network" title="Regional sports network">regional sports networks</a>, most notably <a href="/wiki/AT%26T_SportsNet_Southwest" class="mw-redirect" title="AT&T SportsNet Southwest">AT&T SportsNet Southwest</a>, <a href="/wiki/YES_Network" title="YES Network">YES Network</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Spectrum_SportsNet" title="Spectrum SportsNet">Spectrum SportsNet</a>, which have never been available on Dish. The contract of the entire <a href="/wiki/MSG_Network" title="MSG Network">MSG Network</a> had ended on October 1, 2010, early; <a href="/wiki/CSN_New_England" class="mw-redirect" title="CSN New England">CSN New England</a> was dropped on August 6, 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2019, Dish removed the entire slate of <a href="/wiki/Fox_Sports_Networks" title="Fox Sports Networks">Fox Sports Networks</a> channels (which have since been re-branded as <a href="/wiki/Bally_Sports_Networks" class="mw-redirect" title="Bally Sports Networks">Bally Sports</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the beginning of a trend with <a href="/wiki/Altitude_Sports_and_Entertainment" title="Altitude Sports and Entertainment">Altitude</a> being removed in August and <a href="/wiki/NBC_Sports_Chicago" title="NBC Sports Chicago">NBC Sports Chicago</a> in October of that year.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On April 1, 2021, Dish removed the remaining <a href="/wiki/NBC_Sports_Regional_Networks" title="NBC Sports Regional Networks">NBC Sports Regional Networks</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Mid-Atlantic_Sports_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Mid-Atlantic Sports Network">Mid-Atlantic Sports Network</a>. Dish Network president Brian Neylon commented that "The current RSN model is fundamentally broken,” stating that he was in favor of offering the networks as an <a href="/wiki/A_la_carte_pay_television" title="A la carte pay television">a la carte</a> service.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Six months later on October 1, 2021, Dish removed the entire <a href="/wiki/AT%26T_SportsNet" title="AT&T SportsNet">AT&T SportsNet</a> network of channels.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022, Dish, alongside Sling made <a href="/wiki/The_Walt_Disney_Company" title="The Walt Disney Company">The Walt Disney Company</a> pull their programming from the services. This was only temporary, as they got brought back later. They had previously been pulled from <a href="/wiki/YouTube_TV" title="YouTube TV">YouTube TV</a> in 2021, and were pulled from <a href="/wiki/Spectrum_(brand)" title="Spectrum (brand)">Spectrum</a> for ten days in early-September 2023. </p><p>The last remaining regional sports network, <a href="/wiki/New_England_Sports_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="New England Sports Network">NESN</a>, was removed from DISH on December 20, 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2023_ransomware_attack">2023 ransomware attack</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 2023 ransomware attack"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In February 2023, Dish Network suffered a major <a href="/wiki/Ransomware" title="Ransomware">ransomware</a> attack which resulted in internal outages, loss of service at subsidiary companies such as <a href="/wiki/Boost_Mobile" title="Boost Mobile">Boost Mobile</a>, and data theft.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company had to retain outside experts to resolve the issue, and the news caused a slide in the company's share price to a 14-year-low.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Service outages lasted for more than a month, with customers reporting wait times for customer service stretching to more than 14 hours.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the aftermath of the ransomware attack, Dish Network was criticized for lack of transparency or communication with its customers.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Services_and_devices">Services and devices</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Services and devices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="float:right;" class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th style="text-align:right;">Subscribers<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1996 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">350,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1997 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,040,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1998 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,900,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1999 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,400,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2000 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5,260,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2001 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6,830,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2002 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">8,180,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2003 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">9,425,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2004 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10,905,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2005 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12,040,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2006 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13,105,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2007 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13,780,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2008 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13,678,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2009 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">14,100,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2010 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">14,133,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2011 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13,967,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2012 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">14,056,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2013 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">14,057,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2014 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13,978,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2015 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13,897,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2016 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13,671,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2017 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">13,242,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2018 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12,322,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2019 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11,986,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2020 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">11,290,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2021 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10,707,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2022 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10,018,000 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>DISH's main service is satellite television and its offerings are comparable to other satellite and cable companies. Viewers can choose from a series of service bundles, paying more money for more channels. A la carte programming is available, however limited to premium channels such as <a href="/wiki/HBO" title="HBO">HBO</a> or <a href="/wiki/Showtime_(TV_network)" title="Showtime (TV network)">Showtime</a>. The company is currently working on diversifying its offerings. With its purchase of <a href="/wiki/Blockbuster_LLC" class="mw-redirect" title="Blockbuster LLC">Blockbuster LLC</a>, DISH owns the Blockbuster trademarks and has used its intellectual property agreement to offer streaming and mail-order video services. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DishNET">DishNET</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: DishNET"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Satellite_Internet_access" title="Satellite Internet access">Satellite Internet access</a></div> <p>On September 27, 2012, DISH Network announced a satellite broadband service called DishNET, aimed at <a href="/wiki/Rural_area" title="Rural area">rural</a> areas where cable is often not available.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="OnTech_Smart_Services">OnTech Smart Services</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: OnTech Smart Services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>DISH launched the direct-to-consumer <a href="/wiki/Smart_home_technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Smart home technology">smart home technology</a> brand OnTech Smart Services in 2019; initially available in 11 metropolitan areas, the brand offers smart home devices and installation services.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Blockchain_and_cryptocurrency">Blockchain and cryptocurrency</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Blockchain and cryptocurrency"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>DISH has been described as the first large company to accept <a href="/wiki/Cryptocurrency" title="Cryptocurrency">cryptocurrency</a> and being “comfortable with cryptocurrency”. The company has accepted <a href="/wiki/Bitcoin" title="Bitcoin">Bitcoin</a> since 2014. Four years later it began accepting <a href="/wiki/Bitcoin_Cash" title="Bitcoin Cash">Bitcoin Cash</a>. In September 2021, it announced a partnership with <a href="/wiki/Charles_Hoskinson" title="Charles Hoskinson">Input Output Global</a> (formerly known as IOHK) to build subscription services based on the <a href="/wiki/Cardano_(blockchain_platform)" title="Cardano (blockchain platform)">Cardano</a> blockchain.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following month it set up a system to expand <a href="/wiki/5G" title="5G">5G</a> mobile network through customers using the <a href="/wiki/Citizens_Broadband_Radio_Service" title="Citizens Broadband Radio Service">Citizens Broadband Radio Service</a> with rewards paid in cryptocurrency.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Charitable_causes">Charitable causes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Charitable causes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Falcon_9_First_Stage_Booster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Falcon 9 Rocket Booster opened for general public at Dish Network's Littleton, CO office is a type of reusable rocket that SpaceX used for repeated launches" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Falcon_9_First_Stage_Booster.jpg/220px-Falcon_9_First_Stage_Booster.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Falcon_9_First_Stage_Booster.jpg/330px-Falcon_9_First_Stage_Booster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Falcon_9_First_Stage_Booster.jpg/440px-Falcon_9_First_Stage_Booster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Falcon 9 Rocket Booster opened for general public at Dish Network's <a href="/wiki/Littleton,_Colorado" title="Littleton, Colorado">Littleton</a>, CO office is a type of reusable rocket that <a href="/wiki/SpaceX" title="SpaceX">SpaceX</a> used for repeated launches<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>DISH Cares was launched in 2014 and focuses on <a href="/wiki/Community_engagement" title="Community engagement">community engagement</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sustainability" title="Sustainability">sustainability</a>, and providing services following disasters.<sup id="cite_ref-VMS_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VMS-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company has engaged in disaster relief efforts, including after Hurricanes <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina" title="Hurricane Katrina">Katrina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Harvey" title="Hurricane Harvey">Harvey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Irma" title="Hurricane Irma">Irma</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Maria" title="Hurricane Maria">Maria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9News_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9News-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technical_information">Technical information</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Technical information"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Both a standard receiver and a receiver with built-in <a href="/wiki/Digital_video_recorder" title="Digital video recorder">digital video recorder</a> (DVR) were available to subscribers.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The DISH Network ViP722 HD DVR replacement for the ViP622 received generally positive reviews.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It could record up to 350 hours of standard-definition (SD) broadcasts, or 55 hours of high-definition (HD). These <a href="/wiki/Set-top_box" title="Set-top box">set-top boxes</a> (STBs) allow for HD on the primary TV and SD on the secondary TV (TV2) without a secondary box on TV2. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Receivers_and_devices">Receivers and devices</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Receivers and devices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Earlier_satellite_dishes">Earlier satellite dishes</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Earlier satellite dishes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>DISH Network's first satellite antenna was simply called the "DISH Network" dish. It was retroactively named the "DISH 300" when legal and satellite problems forced delays of the forthcoming DISH 500 systems. It uses one <a href="/wiki/Low-noise_block_downconverter" title="Low-noise block downconverter">LNB</a> to obtain signals from the 119°W orbital location,<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was commonly used as a second dish to receive additional high-definition or international programming from either the 148°W or 61.5°W orbital locations.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 119°W slot is one of two primary orbital locations, the other being 110°W, that provide core services.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tailgater">Tailgater</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Tailgater"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Tailgater is a portable satellite antenna; the tailgater can be purchased as a standalone device for $350. The Tailgater is compatible with the Wally and VIP211 receivers. Customers only need to pay for the period of time where the receiver is active on the account, the monthly cost for a Vip211 or Wally is $7 per month, if the receiver is the only one on the account, there is no charge.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It weighs ten pounds, is protected from weather, and automatically searches for a signal. The only satellites that are currently compatible with the Tailgater are at DISH's 119 (SD/HD TV), 110 (SD/HD TV), and 129 (SD/HD TV) orbital slots.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hopper_and_Joey">Hopper and Joey</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Hopper and Joey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Hopper_(DVR)" title="Hopper (DVR)">Hopper (DVR)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DishHD2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DishHD2012.jpg/220px-DishHD2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DishHD2012.jpg/330px-DishHD2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DishHD2012.jpg/440px-DishHD2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1301" data-file-height="1485" /></a><figcaption>DISH HD, newest version used with the Hopper and Joey system</figcaption></figure> <p>Hopper is a line of multi-tuner set-top boxes first introduced in 2012; they are digital video recorders that can be networked with accompanying "Joey" set-top boxes for multi-room access to recordings. DISH Network subsequently introduced updated versions of the Hopper, including Hopper with Sling (which adds integrated <a href="/wiki/Placeshifting" class="mw-redirect" title="Placeshifting">placeshifting</a> capabilities), the Hopper 3, and the Hopper Plus <sup id="cite_ref-AllAmericanDish-hopperplus_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AllAmericanDish-hopperplus-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which features <a href="/wiki/4K_resolution" title="4K resolution">4K</a> support and 16 tuners. Hopper supports a voice-activated remote,<sup id="cite_ref-pcmag-hopperreview_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pcmag-hopperreview-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-engadget-review_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-engadget-review-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pcmag-hopperslingreview_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pcmag-hopperslingreview-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-engadget-hopper4k_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-engadget-hopper4k-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mcn-4kjoey_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcn-4kjoey-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-verge-hopper3_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-verge-hopper3-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Echo" title="Amazon Echo">Amazon Echo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Google_Home" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Home">Google Home</a> integration.<sup id="cite_ref-engadget-alexahopper_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-engadget-alexahopper-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Apps">Apps</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Apps"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>DISH Anywhere</b> </p><p>DISH Anywhere is DISH's subscriber-only streaming video service. The DISH Anywhere app combines <a href="/wiki/Sling_TV" title="Sling TV">Sling</a> broadcast technology and internet to bring subscribers DISH content wherever they are.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also pairs with DISH On Demand, a library that has over 80,000 movies and shows.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of late 2018, <a href="/wiki/HBO" title="HBO">HBO</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cinemax" title="Cinemax">Cinemax</a> were no longer available for DISH customers due to Contract disputes.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Dish returned HBO and Cinemax programming as of August 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sling_TV">Sling TV</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Sling TV"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sling_TV" title="Sling TV">Sling TV</a></div> <p>In May 2012, DISH launched DISHWorld, a subscription-based <a href="/wiki/Over-the-top_content" class="mw-redirect" title="Over-the-top content">over-the-top</a> <a href="/wiki/Internet_television" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet television">streaming</a> <a href="/wiki/IPTV" class="mw-redirect" title="IPTV">IPTV</a> service, as an app on <a href="/wiki/Roku" title="Roku">Roku</a> devices, offering access to over 50 international television channels via <a href="/wiki/Broadband" title="Broadband">broadband</a> streaming.<sup id="cite_ref-bandc-dishworld_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bandc-dishworld-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, DISH Network began to reach carriage deals with broadcasters for a new over-the-top service that would be aimed towards <a href="/wiki/Cord_cutter" class="mw-redirect" title="Cord cutter">cord cutters</a> as a low-cost alternative to traditional pay television.<sup id="cite_ref-variety-scrippsott_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-variety-scrippsott-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 5, 2015, DISH Network officially unveiled <a href="/wiki/Sling_TV" title="Sling TV">Sling TV</a>, an over-the-top IPTV service designed to complement subscription video on-demand services such as Hulu and Netflix.<sup id="cite_ref-variety-slingunveil_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-variety-slingunveil-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some broadcasters have been hesitant about over-the-top services such as Sling TV, showing concern that they may undermine their carriage deals with larger conventional <a href="/wiki/Cable_television" title="Cable television">cable</a>, <a href="/wiki/Direct_broadcast_satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct broadcast satellite">satellite</a> and Internet TV providers. Time Warner initially noted that the carriage of its channels on the service was only for a "trial" basis, while both Time Warner's CEO <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Bewkes" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeffrey Bewkes">Jeffrey Bewkes</a> and an analyst from the firm <a href="/wiki/Macquarie_Group" title="Macquarie Group">Macquarie Capital</a> disclosed that current contract language in DISH's OTT carriage deals with the service's content distributors would cap the number of subscribers that the service is allowed to have at any given time to 5 million. Neither DISH Network or its content providers have confirmed any such cap.<sup id="cite_ref-SlingCap_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SlingCap-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mcn-unveil_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcn-unveil-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-thestreet-toopopular_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thestreet-toopopular-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of January 2022, the service has reached 2.49 million subscribers.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Satellite_fleet">Satellite fleet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Satellite fleet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Until 2019, most of the satellites used by DISH Network were owned and operated by EchoStar Corporation. DISH frequently moves satellites among its many orbiting slots so this list may not be accurate. Refer to Lyngsat and DISH Channel Chart for detailed satellite information. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption><b>DISH Network satellites</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Satellite</th> <th>Location (degrees west)</th> <th>Launched</th> <th>Type</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_I" title="EchoStar I">EchoStar I</a></td> <td>77</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001995-12-28-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 28, 1995</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin" title="Lockheed Martin">Lockheed Martin</a> Astro Space Series 7000 (AS-7000)</td> <td>Can carry a limited number of services on odd numbered transponders. DISH is not licensed to serve CONUS customers in the United States from this location but may transmit local stations. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_II" title="EchoStar II">EchoStar II</a></td> <td>148</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001996-09-10-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 10, 1996</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">Ariane 4</a></td> <td>On 14 July 2008, EchoStar reported to the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commission" title="U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission">SEC</a> that EchoStar II "experienced a substantial failure that appears to have rendered the satellite a total loss". Retired in mid-2008. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_III" title="EchoStar III">EchoStar III</a></td> <td>61.5</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001997-10-05-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">October 5, 1997</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin" title="Lockheed Martin">Lockheed Martin</a> Missiles and Space <a href="/wiki/A2100" class="mw-redirect" title="A2100">A2100</a>AX</td> <td>Replaced by EchoStar XV and was serving as an in-orbit spare. Placed on graveyard orbit by <span data-sort-value="000000002017-09-06-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 6, 2017</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_IV" title="EchoStar IV">EchoStar IV</a></td> <td>77</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001998-05-08-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">May 8, 1998</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin" title="Lockheed Martin">Lockheed Martin</a> Missiles and Space <a href="/wiki/A2100" class="mw-redirect" title="A2100">A2100</a>AX</td> <td>This satellite had a launch issue, is now in an inclined orbit and is not currently<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (April 2011)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> operational. It largely serves as a placeholder for EchoStar slots. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_V" title="EchoStar V">EchoStar V</a></td> <td>Deorbited from 148</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000001999-09-23-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 23, 1999</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Space_Systems/Loral" class="mw-redirect" title="Space Systems/Loral">Space Systems/Loral</a> <a href="/wiki/LS-1300" class="mw-redirect" title="LS-1300">FS-1300</a></td> <td>EchoStar V was moved from 110 to 129 and finally to 148. International programming at 148 has moved to Anik F3/118.75°. Locals have moved to spot beams at other locations. The satellite was to serve as a placeholder for EchoStar at the 148 slot. The satellite was experiencing stability issues that made signal levels unstable for the short time it was located at 148. On July 31, 2009, all remaining programming at 148 ceased. Factors now indicate discontinuation of the 148 slot, at least for the short term, 3–4 years. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_VI" title="EchoStar VI">EchoStar VI</a></td> <td>77</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002000-07-14-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">July 14, 2000</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Space_Systems/Loral" class="mw-redirect" title="Space Systems/Loral">Space Systems/Loral</a> <a href="/wiki/LS-1300" class="mw-redirect" title="LS-1300">FS-1300</a></td> <td>Replaces EchoStar VIII. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_VII" title="EchoStar VII">EchoStar VII</a></td> <td>119</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002002-02-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">February 21, 2002</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin" title="Lockheed Martin">Lockheed Martin</a> Missiles and Space <a href="/wiki/A2100" class="mw-redirect" title="A2100">A2100</a>AX</td> <td>Currently<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (April 2011)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> an on orbit spare. Provides DISH Network's spot beam services to the western United States, as well as <a href="/wiki/Muzak_Holdings" class="mw-redirect" title="Muzak Holdings">Muzak</a> programming to businesses on leased bandwidth. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_VIII" title="EchoStar VIII">EchoStar VIII</a></td> <td>77</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002002-08-21-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">August 21, 2002</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Space_Systems/Loral" class="mw-redirect" title="Space Systems/Loral">Space Systems/Loral</a> <a href="/wiki/LS-1300" class="mw-redirect" title="LS-1300">FS-1300</a></td> <td>Formerly at 110. On January 30, 2011, the satellite experienced a single event upset and drifted out of its intended orbit, this required all services to be relocated to other available satellite capacity in the Eastern Arc. One week later some services were restored, but the satellite is expected to be taken out of service again and replaced temporarily by EchoStar VI in order to conduct further testing. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_X" title="EchoStar X">EchoStar X</a></td> <td>110</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002006-02-15-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">February 15, 2006</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin" title="Lockheed Martin">Lockheed Martin</a> Missiles and Space <a href="/wiki/A2100" class="mw-redirect" title="A2100">A2100</a>AXS</td> <td>First seen functioning May 2006 in the 110.0W slot and is still transmitting from the same location as of October 2016. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_XI" title="EchoStar XI">EchoStar XI</a></td> <td>110</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002008-07-16-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">July 16, 2008</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Space_Systems/Loral" class="mw-redirect" title="Space Systems/Loral">Space Systems/Loral</a> <a href="/wiki/LS-1300" class="mw-redirect" title="LS-1300">LS-1300</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Echostar_XII" class="mw-redirect" title="Echostar XII">EchoStar XII</a></td> <td>61.5</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002003-07-17-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">July 17, 2003</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin" title="Lockheed Martin">Lockheed Martin</a> AS-2100</td> <td>Originally known as <a href="/wiki/Rainbow-1" title="Rainbow-1">Rainbow 1</a>, this satellite was launched by Cablevision/Rainbow DBS and used for the Voom DBS service at 61.5° W until the satellite and transponder licenses were sold to EchoStar in 2005. Renamed EchoStar 12 in March 2006. Currently only used for spot beam capabilities. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Echostar_XIV" class="mw-redirect" title="Echostar XIV">Echostar XIV</a></td> <td>119</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002010-03-20-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">March 20, 2010</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Space_Systems/Loral" class="mw-redirect" title="Space Systems/Loral">Space Systems/Loral</a> <a href="/wiki/LS-1300" class="mw-redirect" title="LS-1300">FS-1300</a></td> <td>Replaced Echostar VII. EchoStar XIV launched on an International Launch Services Proton/Breeze M vehicle from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Resides at an altitude of 22,000 miles. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_XV" title="EchoStar XV">EchoStar XV</a></td> <td>61.5</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002010-07-10-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">July 10, 2010</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Space_Systems/Loral" class="mw-redirect" title="Space Systems/Loral">Space Systems/Loral</a> <a href="/wiki/LS-1300" class="mw-redirect" title="LS-1300">FS-1300</a></td> <td> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Contiguous_United_States" title="Contiguous United States">CONUS</a> only satellite. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Anik_(satellite)" title="Anik (satellite)">Anik F3</a><sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>118.75</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002007-04-12-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">April 12, 2007</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eurostar_E3000" title="Eurostar E3000">Astrium Eurostar 3000</a></td> <td>Customers use the 36 inch DISH 500+ or DISH 1000+ to receive this non-DBS, medium-powered signal. Anik F3 is leased by DISH from <a href="/wiki/Telesat_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Telesat Canada">Telesat Canada</a> to serve <a href="/wiki/Contiguous_United_States" title="Contiguous United States">CONUS</a> customers. It broadcasts on non-DBS FSS frequencies (~11.7–12.2 GHz) using circular polarity (the only satellite serving the United States in this mode). It permanently replaces AMC-16, which was temporarily placed at 118.75° W due to delays in Anik F3 production. AMC-16 moved back to 85° W when Anik F3 was fully operational. A primarily international satellite with international channels once on 61.5, 121, or 148. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ciel-2" title="Ciel-2">Ciel-2</a></td> <td>129</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002008-12-10-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">December 10, 2008</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thales_Alenia_Space" title="Thales Alenia Space">Thales Alenia Space</a> <a href="/wiki/Spacebus_4000" class="mw-redirect" title="Spacebus 4000">Spacebus-4000C4</a></td> <td>Replaced EchoStar V at the 129°W orbital location. Owned by Canadian Ciel Satellite Group, DISH leases the entire bandwidth of the Ciel-2 satellite. Provides national HD programming and HD spot beam locals. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nimiq_5" title="Nimiq 5">Nimiq 5</a></td> <td>72.7</td> <td><span data-sort-value="000000002009-09-17-0000" style="white-space:nowrap">September 17, 2009</span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Space_Systems/Loral" class="mw-redirect" title="Space Systems/Loral">Space Systems/Loral</a> LS-1300</td> <td>A Canadian satellite operated by Telesat Canada. DISH leases the satellite's capacity. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cable_TV_and_Satellite_internet_partner(s)"><span id="Cable_TV_and_Satellite_internet_partner.28s.29"></span>Cable TV and Satellite internet partner(s)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Cable TV and Satellite internet partner(s)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Source:<sup id="cite_ref-Internet_partners_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Internet_partners-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fiber_Internet">Fiber Internet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Fiber Internet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CenturyLink" class="mw-redirect" title="CenturyLink">CenturyLink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earthlink" class="mw-redirect" title="Earthlink">Earthlink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontier_Communications" title="Frontier Communications">Frontier Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cox_Communications" title="Cox Communications">Cox Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windstream" class="mw-redirect" title="Windstream">Windstream</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="xDSL">xDSL</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: xDSL"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CenturyLink" class="mw-redirect" title="CenturyLink">CenturyLink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earthlink" class="mw-redirect" title="Earthlink">Earthlink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontier_Communications" title="Frontier Communications">Frontier Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cox_Communications" title="Cox Communications">Cox Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windstream" class="mw-redirect" title="Windstream">Windstream</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Satellite_Internet">Satellite Internet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Satellite Internet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HughesNet" class="mw-redirect" title="HughesNet">HughesNet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ViaSat" class="mw-redirect" title="ViaSat">ViaSat</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cable_Internet">Cable Internet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Cable Internet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wide_Open_West" title="Wide Open West">WOW!</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fixed_Wireless">Fixed Wireless</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Fixed Wireless"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>MetroNet</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox 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height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Icon_Camera.svg/42px-Icon_Camera.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Icon_Camera.svg/56px-Icon_Camera.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="55" data-file-height="55" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Media" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Media">Media portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Colorado.svg/32px-Flag_of_Colorado.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Colorado.svg/48px-Flag_of_Colorado.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Flag_of_Colorado.svg/64px-Flag_of_Colorado.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Colorado" title="Portal:Colorado">Colorado portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bell_Satellite_TV" title="Bell Satellite TV">Bell Satellite TV</a>, formerly Dish Network Canada</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boost_Infinite" title="Boost Infinite">Boost Infinite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dish_M%C3%A9xico" title="Dish México">Dish México</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DishHD" title="DishHD">DishHD</a> (subsidiary Dish HD Asia serves China and Taiwan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_multiple-system_operators" title="List of multiple-system operators">List of multiple-system operators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_pay_television_channels" title="List of United States pay television channels">List of United States pay television channels</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-scoop-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-scoop_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-scoop_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1996-09-07-hm-41715-story.html">"The Scoop on the Dish"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>. September 7, 1996.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=The+Scoop+on+the+Dish&rft.date=1996-09-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1996-09-07-hm-41715-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGunther2002" class="citation news cs1">Gunther, Marc (September 2, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2002/09/02/327891/index.htm">"The Charlie Ergen Show Echostar's founder is one tough operator who will soon take control of the satellite TV industry—if Washington lets him"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=The+Charlie+Ergen+Show+Echostar%27s+founder+is+one+tough+operator+who+will+soon+take+control+of+the+satellite+TV+industry%E2%80%94if+Washington+lets+him.&rft.date=2002-09-02&rft.aulast=Gunther&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmoney.cnn.com%2Fmagazines%2Ffortune%2Ffortune_archive%2F2002%2F09%2F02%2F327891%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.n2yo.com/satellite/?s=23754">"Technical details for satellite ECHOSTAR 1"</a>. <i>N2YO.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=N2YO.com&rft.atitle=Technical+details+for+satellite+ECHOSTAR+1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.n2yo.com%2Fsatellite%2F%3Fs%3D23754&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHachman2007" class="citation news cs1">Hachman, Mark (December 7, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2230153,00.asp">"Echostar to Change Name to DISH, Spin off Set-Tops"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/PC_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="PC Magazine">PC Magazine</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PC+Magazine&rft.atitle=Echostar+to+Change+Name+to+DISH%2C+Spin+off+Set-Tops&rft.date=2007-12-07&rft.aulast=Hachman&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcmag.com%2Farticle2%2F0%2C2817%2C2230153%2C00.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2008/01/03/echostar-spinoff-begins-trading/">"EchoStar Spinoff Begins Trading"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. January 3, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=EchoStar+Spinoff+Begins+Trading&rft.date=2008-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdealbook.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F01%2F03%2Fechostar-spinoff-begins-trading%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.denverpost.com/2008/01/03/echostar-holding-gains-in-second-day-after-spinoff-dish-climbs/">"EchoStar Holding gains in second day after spin-off, Dish climbs"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Denver_Post" title="The Denver Post">The Denver Post</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a>. 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNBC&rft.atitle=Dish+Tops+Rival+Sprint%E2%80%99s+Bid+For+Clearwire&rft.date=2013-05-30&rft.aulast=Ellyatt&rft.aufirst=Holly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2013%2F05%2F30%2Fdish-tops-rival-sprints-bid-for-clearwire.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYu2013" class="citation news cs1">Yu, Roger (May 30, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2013/05/30/dish-raises-clearwire-bid/2371439/">"Dish raises bid to buy Clearwire to top Sprint's offer"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Dish+raises+bid+to+buy+Clearwire+to+top+Sprint%27s+offer&rft.date=2013-05-30&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fmoney%2F2013%2F05%2F30%2Fdish-raises-clearwire-bid%2F2371439%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSouppouris2013" class="citation news cs1">Souppouris, Aaron (April 15, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2013/4/15/4225958/dish-sprint-takeover-bid">"Dish Network attempts $25.5 billion Sprint merger"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Verge" title="The Verge">The Verge</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=Dish+Network+attempts+%2425.5+billion+Sprint+merger&rft.date=2013-04-15&rft.aulast=Souppouris&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2013%2F4%2F15%2F4225958%2Fdish-sprint-takeover-bid&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLunden2013" class="citation news cs1">Lunden, Ingrid (April 15, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2013/04/15/dish-makes-25-5b-bid-for-sprint-to-snatch-it-out-of-softbanks-hands/">"Dish Makes $25.5B Bid For Sprint To Snatch It Out Of Softbank's Hands"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/TechCrunch" title="TechCrunch">TechCrunch</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TechCrunch&rft.atitle=Dish+Makes+%2425.5B+Bid+For+Sprint+To+Snatch+It+Out+Of+Softbank%E2%80%99s+Hands&rft.date=2013-04-15&rft.aulast=Lunden&rft.aufirst=Ingrid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechcrunch.com%2F2013%2F04%2F15%2Fdish-makes-25-5b-bid-for-sprint-to-snatch-it-out-of-softbanks-hands%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFARIVAR2013" class="citation news cs1">FARIVAR, CYRUS (April 15, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/04/dish-bids-25-5-billion-for-sprint-nextel/">"Dish bids $25.5 billion for Sprint-Nextel"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ars_Technica" title="Ars Technica">Ars Technica</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ars+Technica&rft.atitle=Dish+bids+%2425.5+billion+for+Sprint-Nextel&rft.date=2013-04-15&rft.aulast=FARIVAR&rft.aufirst=CYRUS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Finformation-technology%2F2013%2F04%2Fdish-bids-25-5-billion-for-sprint-nextel%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlintChang2013" class="citation news cs1">Flint, Joe; Chang, Andrea (April 16, 2013). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/la-xpm-2013-apr-16-la-fi-ct-dish-sprint-20130416-story.html">"Dish Network makes $25.5-billion bid for Sprint Nextel"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Dish+Network+makes+%2425.5-billion+bid+for+Sprint+Nextel&rft.date=2013-04-16&rft.aulast=Flint&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft.au=Chang%2C+Andrea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fentertainment%2Fenvelope%2Fla-xpm-2013-apr-16-la-fi-ct-dish-sprint-20130416-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldstein2011" class="citation news cs1">Goldstein, Phil (August 23, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fiercewireless.com/wireless/dish-s-wireless-plan-unveiled-satellite-terrestrial-lte-advanced-network">"Dish's wireless plan unveiled: satellite-terrestrial LTE-Advanced network"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Fierce_Wireless" class="mw-redirect" title="Fierce Wireless">Fierce Wireless</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fierce+Wireless&rft.atitle=Dish%27s+wireless+plan+unveiled%3A+satellite-terrestrial+LTE-Advanced+network&rft.date=2011-08-23&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.aufirst=Phil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fiercewireless.com%2Fwireless%2Fdish-s-wireless-plan-unveiled-satellite-terrestrial-lte-advanced-network&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVuong2012" class="citation news cs1">Vuong, Andy (January 10, 2012). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.denverpost.com/2012/01/09/dish-reboots-business-at-the-2012-international-consumer-electronics-show/">"Dish reboots business at the 2012 International Consumer Electronics Show"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Denver_Post" title="The Denver Post">The Denver Post</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Denver+Post&rft.atitle=Dish+reboots+business+at+the+2012+International+Consumer+Electronics+Show&rft.date=2012-01-10&rft.aulast=Vuong&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.denverpost.com%2F2012%2F01%2F09%2Fdish-reboots-business-at-the-2012-international-consumer-electronics-show%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWiziack2013" class="citation web cs1">Wiziack, Julio (March 20, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/mercado/1249150-tv-paga-tera-novo-competidor-estrangeiro.shtml">"TV paga terá novo competidor estrangeiro"</a>. <i><a 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Folha.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 21,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Folha+de+S.Paulo&rft.atitle=TV+paga+ter%C3%A1+novo+competidor+estrangeiro&rft.date=2013-03-20&rft.aulast=Wiziack&rft.aufirst=Julio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww1.folha.uol.com.br%2Fmercado%2F1249150-tv-paga-tera-novo-competidor-estrangeiro.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPossebon2019" class="citation web cs1">Possebon, Samuel (June 12, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://teletime.com.br/12/06/2019/echostar-desiste-do-dth-no-brasil-anatel-aprova-rescisao-de-posicao-orbital/">"Echostar desiste do DTH no Brasil; Anatel aprova rescisão de posição orbital"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Echostar+desiste+do+DTH+no+Brasil%3B+Anatel+aprova+rescis%C3%A3o+de+posi%C3%A7%C3%A3o+orbital&rft.date=2019-06-12&rft.aulast=Possebon&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fteletime.com.br%2F12%2F06%2F2019%2Fechostar-desiste-do-dth-no-brasil-anatel-aprova-rescisao-de-posicao-orbital%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoshua_Brustein2015" class="citation web cs1">Joshua Brustein (January 5, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150106181233/http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2015-01-05/dish-sling-tv-service-takes-on-cable-television">"Dish's New Sling TV Service Could Free You From Cable"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_Businessweek" title="Bloomberg Businessweek">Bloomberg Businessweek</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_LP" class="mw-redirect" title="Bloomberg LP">Bloomberg LP</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2015-01-05/dish-sling-tv-service-takes-on-cable-television">the original</a> on January 6, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 12,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg+Businessweek&rft.atitle=Dish%27s+New+Sling+TV+Service+Could+Free+You+From+Cable&rft.date=2015-01-05&rft.au=Joshua+Brustein&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessweek.com%2Farticles%2F2015-01-05%2Fdish-sling-tv-service-takes-on-cable-television&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ir.echostar.com/news-releases/news-release-details/echostar-announces-completion-spin-and-merger-its-bss-business">"EchoStar Announces Completion of the Spin-Off and Merger of its BSS Business"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="EchoStar Corporation">EchoStar Corporation</a></i> (Press release). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Dish+Unveils+Internet+Pay-TV+Service%2C+Sling+TV%2C+Starting+at+%2420+per+Month&rft.date=2015-01-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2015%2Fdigital%2Fnews%2Fdish-unveils-internet-pay-tv-service-sling-tv-starting-at-20-monthly-1201392262%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SlingCap-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SlingCap_107-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Murphy2015" class="citation web cs1">David Murphy (April 5, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2480368,00.asp">"Report: Sling TV Subscriber Cap Revealed"</a>. <i>PC Magazine</i>. Ziff Davis<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 7,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PC+Magazine&rft.atitle=Report%3A+Sling+TV+Subscriber+Cap+Revealed&rft.date=2015-04-05&rft.au=David+Murphy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcmag.com%2Farticle2%2F0%2C2817%2C2480368%2C00.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mcn-unveil-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mcn-unveil_108-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMike_Farrell2015" class="citation web cs1">Mike Farrell (January 13, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.multichannel.com/news/technology/dish-unveils-sling-tv/386592">"Dish Unveils Sling TV"</a>. <i>Multichannel News</i>. NewBay Media<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 13,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TheStreet&rft.atitle=Dish+Network+Doesn%27t+Want+Sling+TV+to+Become+Too+Popular&rft.date=2015-01-09&rft.au=Jeff+Berman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestreet.com%2Fstory%2F13004971%2F1%2Fdish-network-doesnt-want-sling-tv-to-become-too-popular.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cordcuttersnews.com/sling-tv-ended-2021-with-2-49-million-subscribers/">"Sling TV Ended 2021 with 2.49 Million Subscribers"</a>. <i>Cord Cutters News</i>. February 24, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 25,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cord+Cutters+News&rft.atitle=Sling+TV+Ended+2021+with+2.49+Million+Subscribers&rft.date=2022-02-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cordcuttersnews.com%2Fsling-tv-ended-2021-with-2-49-million-subscribers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/echostar-iii-satellite-recovered-and-retired-300514733.html">"EchoStar III Satellite Recovered and Retired"</a>. <i>www.prnewswire.com</i> (Press release). EchoStar Corporation.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EchoStar+III+Satellite+Recovered+and+Retired&rft.pub=EchoStar+Corporation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.prnewswire.com%2Fnews-releases%2Fechostar-iii-satellite-recovered-and-retired-300514733.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120205142539/http://www.satnews.com/stories2007/4281/">"launch of Anik F3"</a>. Satnews.com. April 12, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.satnews.com/stories2007/4281/">the original</a> on February 5, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 21,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=launch+of+Anik+F3&rft.pub=Satnews.com&rft.date=2007-04-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.satnews.com%2Fstories2007%2F4281%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Internet_partners-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Internet_partners_113-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dish.com/internet">"Bundle TV and Internet Packages | DISH"</a>. <i>www.dish.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.dish.com&rft.atitle=Bundle+TV+and+Internet+Packages+%26%23124%3B+DISH&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dish.com%2Finternet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADish+Network" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dish_Network&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output 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href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/VIP_922/Dish_Network" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:VIP 922/Dish Network">VIP 922/Dish Network</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dish.com">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Historical business data for DISH Network Corporation:</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sec.gov/cgi-bin/browse-edgar?action=getcompany&CIK=1001082">SEC filings</a></li></ul></div></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Dish_Network" title="Template:Dish Network"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Dish_Network" title="Template talk:Dish Network"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Dish_Network" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Dish Network"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="EchoStar" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/EchoStar" title="EchoStar">EchoStar</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">TV services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dish Network</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sling_TV" title="Sling TV">Sling TV</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Blockbuster_(retailer)" title="Blockbuster (retailer)">Blockbuster</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EchoStar_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/EchoStar_logo.svg/100px-EchoStar_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/EchoStar_logo.svg/150px-EchoStar_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/EchoStar_logo.svg/200px-EchoStar_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="63" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Emergency_Response_Information_Network" title="Emergency Response Information Network">Emergency Response Information Network</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sling_Media" title="Sling Media">Sling Media</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/G4_Media_(TV_company)" title="G4 Media (TV company)">G4 Media</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/The_Weather_Cast" title="The Weather Cast">The Weather Cast</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/TechTV" title="TechTV">TechTV</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hardware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DTVPal" title="DTVPal">DTVPal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopper_(DVR)" title="Hopper (DVR)">Hopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PocketDish" title="PocketDish">PocketDish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slingbox" title="Slingbox">Slingbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SuperDish" title="SuperDish">SuperDish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Satellites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_I" title="EchoStar I">EchoStar I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_II" title="EchoStar II">EchoStar II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_III" title="EchoStar III">EchoStar III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_IV" title="EchoStar IV">EchoStar IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_V" title="EchoStar V">EchoStar V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_VI" title="EchoStar VI">EchoStar VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_VII" title="EchoStar VII">EchoStar VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_VIII" title="EchoStar VIII">EchoStar VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_X" title="EchoStar X">EchoStar X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_XI" title="EchoStar XI">EchoStar XI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_XII" class="mw-redirect" title="EchoStar XII">EchoStar XII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echostar_XIV" class="mw-redirect" title="Echostar XIV">Echostar XIV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_XV" title="EchoStar XV">EchoStar XV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anik_F3" class="mw-redirect" title="Anik F3">Anik F3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciel-2" title="Ciel-2">Ciel-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimiq_5" title="Nimiq 5">Nimiq 5</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wireless and internet brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boost_Mobile" title="Boost Mobile">Boost Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_Mobile" title="EchoStar Mobile">EchoStar Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gen_Mobile" title="Gen Mobile">Gen Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hughes_Network_Systems" title="Hughes Network Systems">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ting_Mobile" title="Ting Mobile">Ting Mobile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boost_Infinite" title="Boost Infinite">Boost Infinite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_Wireless" title="Republic Wireless">Republic Wireless</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_American_Direct" title="All American Direct">All American Direct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Dish_Network" title="Criticism of Dish Network">Criticism of Dish Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Ergen" title="Charlie Ergen">Charlie Ergen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dish,_Texas" title="Dish, Texas">Dish, Texas</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Co._v._Dish_Network,_LLC" title="Fox Broadcasting Co. v. Dish Network, LLC">Fox Broadcasting Co. v. Dish Network, LLC</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Clayton" title="Joe Clayton">Joe Clayton</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/TiVo_Inc._v._EchoStar_Corp." title="TiVo Inc. v. EchoStar Corp.">TiVo Inc. v. EchoStar Corp.</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:EchoStar" title="Category:EchoStar">Category</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:EchoStar" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:EchoStar">Commons</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CATV_USA" title="Template:CATV USA"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CATV_USA" title="Template talk:CATV USA"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CATV_USA" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CATV USA"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cable,_satellite,_and_other_specialty_television_providers_(multi-channel_video_programming_distributors)_in_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cable, satellite, and other specialty television providers (<a href="/wiki/Multichannel_television_in_the_United_States" title="Multichannel television in the United States">multi-channel video programming distributors</a>) in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cable_television_in_the_United_States" title="Cable television in the United States">Cable</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adams_Cable" title="Adams Cable">Adams Cable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altice_USA" title="Altice USA">Altice USA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Optimum_(TV/Internet)" title="Optimum (TV/Internet)">Optimum (TV/Internet)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suddenlink_Communications" title="Suddenlink Communications">Suddenlink Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_Electric" title="Service Electric">Service Electric</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armstrong_Group_of_Companies" title="Armstrong Group of Companies">Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astound_Broadband" title="Astound Broadband">Astound Broadband</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grande_Communications" title="Grande Communications">Grande Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RCN_Corporation" title="RCN Corporation">RCN Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wave_Broadband" title="Wave Broadband">Wave Broadband</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Alascom" title="AT&T Alascom">AT&T Alascom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Ridge_Communications" title="Blue Ridge Communications">Blue Ridge Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Stream_(company)" title="Blue Stream (company)">Blue Stream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breezeline" title="Breezeline">Breezeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadstripe" title="Broadstripe">Broadstripe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckeye_Broadband" title="Buckeye Broadband">Buckeye Broadband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_One" title="Cable One">Cable One</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hargray" title="Hargray">Hargray</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xfinity" title="Xfinity">Comcast Xfinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_Communications" title="Consolidated Communications">Consolidated Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cox_Communications" title="Cox Communications">Cox Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docomo_Pacific" title="Docomo Pacific">Docomo Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emery_Telcom" title="Emery Telcom">Emery Telcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_Channel" title="Full Channel">Full Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GCI_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="GCI (company)">GCI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediacom" title="Mediacom">Mediacom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midco" title="Midco">Midco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northland_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Northland Communications">Northland Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Puerto_Rico" title="Liberty Puerto Rico">Liberty Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satview_Broadband" title="Satview Broadband">Satview Broadband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shentel" title="Shentel">Shentel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectrum_(brand)" title="Spectrum (brand)">Spectrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SRT_Communications" title="SRT Communications">SRT Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TDS_Telecom" title="TDS Telecom">TDS Telecom</a></li> <li>Troy Cablevision</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TruVista_Communications" title="TruVista Communications">TruVista Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wide_Open_West" title="Wide Open West">WOW!</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_television_in_the_United_States" title="Satellite television in the United States">Satellite</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Claro_Puerto_Rico" title="Claro Puerto Rico">Claro Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dish Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirecTV" title="DirecTV">DirecTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glorystar" title="Glorystar">Glorystar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headend_in_the_Sky" title="Headend in the Sky">Headend in the Sky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fiber_to_the_x" title="Fiber to the x">Fiber</a><br />/ <a href="/wiki/IPTV" class="mw-redirect" title="IPTV">IPTV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Bell" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati Bell">Cincinnati Bell Fioptics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claro_Puerto_Rico" title="Claro Puerto Rico">Claro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_Communications" title="Consolidated Communications">Consolidated Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPB" title="EPB">EPB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontier_FiberOptic" class="mw-redirect" title="Frontier FiberOptic">Frontier FiberOptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GTA_Teleguam" title="GTA Teleguam">GTA Teleguam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Telcom" title="Hawaiian Telcom">Hawaiian Telcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumen_Technologies" title="Lumen Technologies">Lumen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prism_TV" title="Prism TV">Prism TV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midco" title="Midco">Midco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NEP_Telephone" title="NEP Telephone">NEP Datastream TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_State_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="North State Communications">North State Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonic_(ISP)" title="Sonic (ISP)">Sonic.net</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TDS_Telecom" title="TDS Telecom">TDS Telecom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verizon_Fios" title="Verizon Fios">Verizon FiOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whidbey_Telecom" title="Whidbey Telecom">Whidbey Telecom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windstream_Holdings" title="Windstream Holdings">Windstream Kinetic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziply_Fiber" title="Ziply Fiber">Ziply Fiber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Multichannel_television_in_the_United_States#Virtual_MVPD,_TV_Everywhere,_and_over-the-top_media_services" title="Multichannel television in the United States">Virtual<br />MVPD</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DirecTV_Stream" title="DirecTV Stream">DirecTV Stream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frndly_TV" title="Frndly TV">Frndly TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FuboTV" title="FuboTV">FuboTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulu#Hulu_+_Live_TV_service" title="Hulu">Hulu + Live TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philo_(company)" title="Philo (company)">Philo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sling_TV" title="Sling TV">Sling TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectrum_TV_Stream" title="Spectrum TV Stream">Spectrum TV Stream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xfinity_Flex" title="Xfinity Flex">Xfinity Flex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube_TV" title="YouTube TV">YouTube TV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Over-the-top_media_service" title="Over-the-top media service">Over-<br />the-top<br />VOD</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%26E_Networks" title="A&E Networks">A&E Networks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%26E_Crime_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="A&E Crime Central">Crime Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_(American_TV_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="History (American TV network)">History Vault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lifetime_(TV_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lifetime (TV network)">Lifetime Movie Club</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Video" title="Amazon Prime Video">Prime Video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MGM%2B" title="MGM+">MGM+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Freevee" title="Amazon Freevee">Freevee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ScreenPix" class="mw-redirect" title="ScreenPix">ScreenPix</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMC_Networks" title="AMC Networks">AMC Networks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acorn_TV" title="Acorn TV">Acorn TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMC%2B" title="AMC+">AMC+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidive" title="Hidive">Hidive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IFC_Films" title="IFC Films">IFC Films Unlimited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shudder_(streaming_service)" title="Shudder (streaming service)">Shudder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundance_TV" title="Sundance TV">Sundance Now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allblk" title="Allblk">Allblk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WE_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="WE TV">WE TV+</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angel_Studios" title="Angel Studios">Angel Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_TV%2B" title="Apple TV+">Apple TV+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BritBox" title="BritBox">BritBox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bounce_TV#Brown_Sugar" title="Bounce TV">Brown Sugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BroadwayHD" title="BroadwayHD">BroadwayHD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cineverse" title="Cineverse">Cineverse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CONtv" title="CONtv">CONtv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docurama" title="Docurama">Docurama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dove_Channel_(streaming_service)" title="Dove Channel (streaming service)">Dove Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fandor" title="Fandor">Fandor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screambox" class="mw-redirect" title="Screambox">Screambox</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Criterion_Collection" title="The Criterion Collection">The Criterion Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curiosity_Stream" title="Curiosity Stream">Curiosity Stream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CW_Seed" class="mw-redirect" title="CW Seed">CW Seed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dekkoo" title="Dekkoo">Dekkoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Walt_Disney_Company" title="The Walt Disney Company">Disney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disney%2B" title="Disney+">Disney+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulu" title="Hulu">Hulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESPN%2B" title="ESPN+">ESPN+</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOGTV" title="DOGTV">DOGTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dropout_(media_company)" title="Dropout (media company)">Dropout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eros_Now" title="Eros Now">Eros Now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_Watch" title="Facebook Watch">Facebook Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FilmRise" title="FilmRise">FilmRise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Corporation" title="Fox Corporation">Fox Corporation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Nation" title="Fox Nation">Fox Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tubi" title="Tubi">Tubi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hallmark%2B" title="Hallmark+">Hallmark+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Here_TV" title="Here TV">Here TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kino_Lorber" title="Kino Lorber">Kino Lorber</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MHz_Networks#MHz_Choice" title="MHz Networks">MHz Choice</a></li> <li>Kino Film Collection</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kocowa" title="Kocowa">Kocowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_Now" title="Local Now">Local Now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mubi_(streaming_service)" title="Mubi (streaming service)">MUBI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netflix" title="Netflix">Netflix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NBCUniversal" title="NBCUniversal">NBCUniversal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peacock_(streaming_service)" title="Peacock (streaming service)">Peacock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vudu" class="mw-redirect" title="Vudu">Vudu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xumo" title="Xumo">Xumo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NFL%2B" title="NFL+">NFL+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramount_Global" title="Paramount Global">Paramount Global</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BET%2B" title="BET+">BET+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramount%2B" title="Paramount+">Paramount+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noggin_(brand)" title="Noggin (brand)">Noggin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pluto_TV" title="Pluto TV">Pluto TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Showtime_(TV_network)" title="Showtime (TV network)">Showtime</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racetrack_Television_Network" title="Racetrack Television Network">Racetrack Television Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redbox" title="Redbox">Redbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revry" title="Revry">Revry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Roku_Channel" title="The Roku Channel">Roku Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Pictures" title="Sony Pictures">Sony</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crunchyroll" title="Crunchyroll">Crunchyroll</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_TV_Plus" title="Samsung TV Plus">Samsung TV Plus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shout!_Factory" class="mw-redirect" title="Shout! Factory">Shout! Factory TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starz" title="Starz">Starz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stirr" title="Stirr">Stirr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TelevisaUnivision_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="TelevisaUnivision (United States)">Univision</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pantaya" title="Pantaya">Pantaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TelevisaUnivision_(United_States)#Digital_properties" class="mw-redirect" title="TelevisaUnivision (United States)">Univision NOW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vix_(streaming_service)" title="Vix (streaming service)">ViX</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tivo" class="mw-redirect" title="Tivo">Tivo Stream 4k</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Look_Media" title="First Look Media">Topic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFC_Fight_Pass" title="UFC Fight Pass">UFC Fight Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viaplay" title="Viaplay">Viaplay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viki_(streaming_service)" title="Viki (streaming service)">Viki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vix_(streaming_service)" title="Vix (streaming service)">ViX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Discovery" title="Warner Bros. Discovery">Warner Bros. Discovery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boomerang_(TV_network)" title="Boomerang (TV network)">Boomerang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinemax" title="Cinemax">Cinemax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovery%2B" title="Discovery+">Discovery+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_Network" title="Food Network">Food Network Kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_(streaming_service)" title="Max (streaming service)">Max</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rooster_Teeth" title="Rooster Teeth">Rooster Teeth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WOW_Presents_Plus" title="WOW Presents Plus">WOW Presents Plus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WWE_Network" title="WWE Network">WWE Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YuppTV" title="YuppTV">YuppTV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cable</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adelphia_Communications_Corporation" title="Adelphia Communications Corporation">Adelphia Communications Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alameda_Municipal_Power" title="Alameda Municipal Power">Alameda Power and Telecom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astound_Broadband" title="Astound Broadband">Astound Broadband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Broadband" title="AT&T Broadband">AT&T Broadband</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MediaOne" title="MediaOne">MediaOne/Continental Cablevision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tele-Communications_Inc." title="Tele-Communications Inc.">Tele-Communications Inc.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baja_Broadband" class="mw-redirect" title="Baja Broadband">Baja Broadband</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/US_Cable" title="US Cable">US Cable</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bresnan_Communications" title="Bresnan Communications">Bresnan Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bright_House_Networks" title="Bright House Networks">Bright House Networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cablevision" title="Cablevision">Cablevision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champion_Broadband" title="Champion Broadband">Champion Broadband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicken_Soup_for_the_Soul_Entertainment" title="Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment">Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crackle_(service)" title="Crackle (service)">Crackle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popcornflix" title="Popcornflix">Popcornflix</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobridge_Communications" title="Cobridge Communications">Cobridge Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_Home_Entertainment" title="Community Home Entertainment">Community Home Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FairPoint_Communications" title="FairPoint Communications">FairPoint Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graceba_Total_Communications" title="Graceba Total Communications">Graceba Total Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insight_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Insight Communications">Insight Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jones_Intercable" title="Jones Intercable">Jones Intercable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Videocable" title="King Videocable">King Videocable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knology" class="mw-redirect" title="Knology">Knology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Cable" title="Marcus Cable">Marcus Cable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/News-Press_%26_Gazette_Company#Cable_operations" title="News-Press & Gazette Company">NPG Cable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paragon_Cable" title="Paragon Cable">Paragon Cable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_Communications" title="Rapid Communications">Rapid Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TelePrompTer_Corporation" title="TelePrompTer Corporation">TelePrompTer/Group W Cable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_Warner_Cable" title="Time Warner Cable">Time Warner Cable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UA-Columbia_Cablevision" title="UA-Columbia Cablevision">UA-Columbia Cablevision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windjammer_Communications" title="Windjammer Communications">Windjammer Communications</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Satellite</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AlphaStar_(satellite_broadcasting_service)" title="AlphaStar (satellite broadcasting service)">AlphaStar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GlobeCast_World_TV" title="GlobeCast World TV">GlobeCast World TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orby_TV" title="Orby TV">Orby TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PrimeStar" title="PrimeStar">PrimeStar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Satellite_Broadcasting" title="United States Satellite Broadcasting">United States Satellite Broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voom_HD_Networks" title="Voom HD Networks">Voom HD Networks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">IPTV</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AT%26T_U-verse" class="mw-redirect" title="AT&T U-verse">AT&T U-verse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumen_Technologies" title="Lumen Technologies">CenturyLink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Fiber" title="Google Fiber">Google Fiber TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_Angel" title="Sky Angel">Sky Angel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_Digital_Cable" title="Virtual Digital Cable">Virtual Digital Cable</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terrestrial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USDTV" title="USDTV">USDTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MovieBeam" title="MovieBeam">MovieBeam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Virtual MVPD</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aereo" title="Aereo">Aereo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HDHomeRun#HDHomeRum_Premium_TV" title="HDHomeRun">HD HomeRun Premium TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LocalBTV" title="LocalBTV">LocalBTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locast" title="Locast">Locast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-Mobile_US#TVision" title="T-Mobile US">TVision Live TV+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlayStation_Vue" title="PlayStation Vue">PlayStation Vue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidgo" title="Vidgo">Vidgo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Over-the-top</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anime_Network" title="Anime Network">Anime Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNN%2B" title="CNN+">CNN+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_Central" title="Comedy Central">Comedy Central Now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DC_Universe_(streaming_service)" title="DC Universe (streaming service)">DC Universe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DramaFever" title="DramaFever">DramaFever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FilmStruck" title="FilmStruck">FilmStruck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funimation" title="Funimation">Funimation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FX_(TV_channel)#FX+" title="FX (TV channel)">FX+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go90" title="Go90">go90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NickMusic#Trademark_reuse_for_Apple_TV_service_(2019-)" class="mw-redirect" title="NickMusic">MTV Hits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nickelodeon" title="Nickelodeon">NickHits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quibi" title="Quibi">Quibi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seeso" title="Seeso">Seeso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Channel" title="Smithsonian Channel">Smithsonian Channel Plus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SnagFilms" title="SnagFilms">SnagFilms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:North_American_TV" title="Template:North American TV"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:North_American_TV" title="Template talk:North American TV"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:North_American_TV" title="Special:EditPage/Template:North American TV"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Additional_resources_on_North_American_television" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Additional resources on North American television</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Television_stations_in_North_America" title="Template:Television stations in North America">List of local television stations in North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:North_American_DTV" title="Template:North American DTV">DTV transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:North_American_TV" title="Template:North American TV">North American TV mini-template</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canada</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Canadian_television_networks" title="Template:Canadian television networks">Canadian networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_television_networks" title="List of Canadian television networks">List of Canadian television networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_television_channels" title="List of Canadian television channels">List of Canadian television channels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_specialty_channels" title="List of Canadian specialty channels">List of Canadian specialty channels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_television_stations" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Canadian television stations">Local Canadian TV stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_stations_available_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States stations available in Canada">List of United States stations available in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Vancouver_TV_realignment" title="2001 Vancouver TV realignment">2001 Vancouver TV realignment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Canada_broadcast_TV_realignment" class="mw-redirect" title="2007 Canada broadcast TV realignment">2007 Canada broadcast TV realignment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mexico</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Mexican_broadcast_television" title="Template:Mexican broadcast television">Mexican networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_Mexico" title="List of television stations in Mexico">Local Mexican TV stations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:American_broadcast_television" title="Template:American broadcast television">American networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cable_and_satellite_television_channels" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States cable and satellite television channels">List of American cable and satellite networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_over-the-air_television_networks" title="List of United States over-the-air television networks">List of American over-the-air networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_the_United_States_by_call_sign_(initial_letter_W)" title="List of television stations in the United States by call sign (initial letter W)">Local American TV stations (W)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_the_United_States_by_call_sign_(initial_letter_K)" title="List of television stations in the United States by call sign (initial letter K)">Local American TV stations (K)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish-language_television_networks_in_the_United_States" title="List of Spanish-language television networks in the United States">Spanish-language TV networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_South_Florida_television_affiliation_switch" title="1989 South Florida television affiliation switch">1989 South Florida television affiliation switch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994%E2%80%931996_United_States_broadcast_television_realignment" title="1994–1996 United States broadcast television realignment">1994–1996 U.S. TV realignment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_broadcast_television_realignment" title="2006 United States broadcast television realignment">2006 U.S. TV realignment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_television_stations_available_in_the_United_States" title="List of Canadian television stations available in the United States">List of Canadian television stations available in the United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:CATV_Africa,_Asia,_Middle_East_and_Oceania" title="Template:CATV Africa, Asia, Middle East and Oceania">Middle East, Africa, Asia and Oceania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:CATV_Americas" title="Template:CATV Americas">Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:CATV_Europe" title="Template:CATV Europe">Europe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Digital_television_in_North_America" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:North_American_DTV" title="Template:North American DTV"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:North_American_DTV" title="Template talk:North American DTV"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:North_American_DTV" title="Special:EditPage/Template:North American DTV"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Digital_television_in_North_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Digital_television" title="Digital television">Digital television</a> in North America</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television" title="Digital terrestrial television">Terrestrial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em"><a href="/wiki/Digital_broadcasting" title="Digital broadcasting">Digital broadcasting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATSC_tuner" title="ATSC tuner">ATSC tuners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_subchannel" title="Digital subchannel">Digital subchannels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_channel" title="Virtual channel">Virtual channels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distributed_transmission_system" title="Distributed transmission system">Distributed transmission system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Datacasting" title="Datacasting">Datacasting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guide_Plus" title="Guide Plus">Guide Plus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Datacast" title="National Datacast">National Datacast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UpdateLogic" class="mw-redirect" title="UpdateLogic">UpdateLogic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Television_Alliance" title="Metropolitan Television Alliance">Metropolitan Television Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Alliance_(HDTV)" title="Grand Alliance (HDTV)">Grand Alliance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em"><a href="/wiki/Digital_television_transition" title="Digital television transition">Digital switchover</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-Channel_Receiver_Act" title="All-Channel Receiver Act">All-Channel Receiver Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short-term_Analog_Flash_and_Emergency_Readiness_Act" title="Short-term Analog Flash and Emergency Readiness Act">SAFER Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_channel_election" title="Digital channel election">Digital channel election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Set-top_box" title="Set-top box">Set-top boxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_television_adapter" title="Digital television adapter">Digital television adapter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupon-eligible_converter_box" title="Coupon-eligible converter box">U.S. Converter Box Coupon Program</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Transition_and_Public_Safety_Act_of_2005" title="Digital Transition and Public Safety Act of 2005">legislation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Analog_passthrough" title="Analog passthrough">Analog passthrough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVD_recorder" title="DVD recorder">DVD recorders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_video_recorder" title="Digital video recorder">Digital video recorders</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Digital standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATSC_standards" title="ATSC standards">ATSC standards</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Television_Systems_Committee" title="Advanced Television Systems Committee">ATSC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATSC-M/H" title="ATSC-M/H">ATSC-M/H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8VSB" title="8VSB">8VSB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-VSB" title="A-VSB">A-VSB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-VSB" title="E-VSB">E-VSB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Program_and_System_Information_Protocol" title="Program and System Information Protocol">PSIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Programming_Metadata_Communication_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Programming Metadata Communication Protocol">PMCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ATSC_standards" title="List of ATSC standards">full list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard-definition_television" title="Standard-definition television">Standard-definition TV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/480i" title="480i">480i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/576i" title="576i">576i</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enhanced-definition_television" title="Enhanced-definition television">Enhanced-definition TV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/480p" title="480p">480p</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/576p" title="576p">576p</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">High-definition TV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/720p" title="720p">720p</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1080i" title="1080i">1080i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1080p" title="1080p">1080p</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra-high-definition_television" title="Ultra-high-definition television">Ultra high-definition TV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2160p" class="mw-redirect" title="2160p">2160p</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_digital_interface" title="Serial digital interface">Serial digital interface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_antenna" title="Smart antenna">Smart antennas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CEA-909" title="CEA-909">CEA-909</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Digital networks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_multicast_television_network" title="Digital multicast television network">Digital multicast television network</a></li> <li>see <a href="/wiki/Template:American_broadcast_television" title="Template:American broadcast television">Template:American broadcast television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Canadian_television_networks" title="Template:Canadian television networks">Template:Canadian television networks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">National deployment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_digital_television_deployments_by_country" title="List of digital television deployments by country">List by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_television_in_Canada" title="Digital television in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Mexico" title="Television in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_television_in_the_United_States" title="Digital television in the United States">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High-definition_television_in_the_United_States" title="High-definition television in the United States">HDTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_television_transition_in_the_United_States" title="Digital television transition in the United States">transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_wireless_spectrum_auction" title="2008 United States wireless spectrum auction">wireless spectrum auction</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cable_television" title="Cable television">Cable</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em"><a href="/wiki/Digital_cable" title="Digital cable">Digital cable</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cable-ready#Digital_cable" title="Cable-ready">Digital-cable-ready TV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/QAM_(television)" title="QAM (television)">QAM tuners</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable-ready#Digital_cable" title="Cable-ready">Interactive-digital-cable-ready TV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OpenCable_Application_Platform" title="OpenCable Application Platform">OpenCable Application Platform</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_encryption#Digital_cable_and_satellite_television_encryption" title="Television encryption">Encryption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Must-carry#Digital_must-carry" title="Must-carry">Must-carry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em"><a href="/wiki/Pay_television" title="Pay television">Subscription TV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AllVid" title="AllVid">AllVid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CableCARD" title="CableCARD">CableCARD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downloadable_Conditional_Access_System" title="Downloadable Conditional Access System">Downloadable Conditional Access System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tru2way" title="Tru2way">Tru2way</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_television" title="Satellite television">Satellite TV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DVB-S" title="DVB-S">DVB-S</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dish Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GlobeCast_World_TV" title="GlobeCast World TV">GlobeCast World TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free-to-air" title="Free-to-air">Free-to-air</a> <a href="/wiki/FTA_receiver" title="FTA receiver">receiver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_Satellite_TV" title="Bell Satellite TV">Bell Satellite TV</a>/<a href="/wiki/Telus_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="Telus TV">Telus Satellite TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dish_M%C3%A9xico" title="Dish México">Dish México</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DigiCipher_2" title="DigiCipher 2">DigiCipher 2</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4DTV" title="4DTV">4DTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaw_Direct" title="Shaw Direct">Shaw Direct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claro_Puerto_Rico" title="Claro Puerto Rico">Claro Puerto Rico</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Satellite_Service" title="Digital Satellite Service">Digital Satellite Service</a>/<a href="/wiki/DVB-S2" title="DVB-S2">DVB-S2</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DirecTV" title="DirecTV">DirecTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrio_Corp." title="Vrio Corp.">Vrio</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sky_Brazil" class="mw-redirect" title="Sky Brazil">Sky Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="Sky Mexico">Sky Mexico</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol_television" title="Internet Protocol television">IPTV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U-verse_TV" title="U-verse TV">U-verse TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell_Fibe_TV" title="Bell Fibe TV">Bell Fibe TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fibe_(Bell_Aliant)" title="Fibe (Bell Aliant)">FibreOP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telus_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="Telus TV">Telus Optik TV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technical issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/14:9_aspect_ratio" title="14:9 aspect ratio">14:9 aspect ratio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Active_Format_Description" title="Active Format Description">Active Format Description</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_flag" title="Broadcast flag">Broadcast flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_television#Protection_parameters_for_terrestrial_DTV_broadcasting" title="Digital television">Channel protection ratios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Display_motion_blur" title="Display motion blur">HDTV blur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierarchical_modulation" title="Hierarchical modulation">Hierarchical modulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirate_decryption" title="Pirate decryption">Pirate decryption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_standards_conversion" title="Television standards conversion">Standards conversion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_on_demand" title="Video on demand">Video on demand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Telecommunications" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Telecommunications" title="Template:Telecommunications"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Telecommunications" title="Template talk:Telecommunications"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Telecommunications" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Telecommunications"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Telecommunications" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications" title="Telecommunications">Telecommunications</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_telecommunication" title="History of telecommunication">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beacon#For_defensive_communications" title="Beacon">Beacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_broadcasting" title="History of broadcasting">Broadcasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_protection_system" title="Cable protection system">Cable protection system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_television" title="Cable television">Cable TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite#History" title="Communications satellite">Communications satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_network#History" title="Computer network">Computer network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_compression" title="Data compression">Data compression</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audio_coding_format" title="Audio coding format">audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discrete_cosine_transform" title="Discrete cosine transform">DCT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Image_compression" title="Image compression">image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_coding_format" title="Video coding format">video</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_media" title="Digital media">Digital media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_video" title="Internet video">Internet video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_video_platform" title="Online video platform">online video platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_media" title="Social media">social media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streaming_media" title="Streaming media">streaming</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drums_in_communication" title="Drums in communication">Drums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edholm%27s_law" title="Edholm's law">Edholm's law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrical_telegraph#History" title="Electrical telegraph">Electrical telegraph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fax#History" title="Fax">Fax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heliograph#History" title="Heliograph">Heliographs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_telegraph#Greek_hydraulic_semaphore_system" title="Hydraulic telegraph">Hydraulic telegraph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_Age" title="Information Age">Information Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Information revolution">Information revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Internet" title="History of the Internet">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media#History" title="Mass media">Mass media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_mobile_phones" title="History of mobile phones">Mobile phone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">Smartphone</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_communication" title="Optical communication">Optical telecommunication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_telegraph" title="Optical telegraph">Optical telegraphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pager" title="Pager">Pager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photophone" title="Photophone">Photophone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_prepaid_mobile_phones" title="History of prepaid mobile phones">Prepaid mobile phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_radio" title="History of radio">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiotelephone" title="Radiotelephone">Radiotelephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">Satellite communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semaphore" title="Semaphore">Semaphore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phryctoria" title="Phryctoria">Phryctoria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiconductor" title="Semiconductor">Semiconductor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Semiconductor_device" title="Semiconductor device">device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MOSFET" title="MOSFET">MOSFET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_transistor" title="History of the transistor">transistor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoke_signal" title="Smoke signal">Smoke signals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_telecommunication" title="History of telecommunication">Telecommunications history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telautograph" title="Telautograph">Telautograph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telegraphy" title="Telegraphy">Telegraphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teleprinter" title="Teleprinter">Teleprinter</a> (teletype)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_telephone" title="History of the telephone">Telephone</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Telephone_Cases" title="The Telephone Cases">The Telephone Cases</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_television" title="History of television">Television</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_television" title="Digital television">digital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streaming_television" title="Streaming television">streaming</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_communications_cable#Early_history:_telegraph_and_coaxial_cables" title="Submarine communications cable">Undersea telegraph line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_videotelephony" title="History of videotelephony">Videotelephony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whistled_language" title="Whistled language">Whistled language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Wireless revolution">Wireless revolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pioneers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasir_Ahmed_(engineer)" title="Nasir Ahmed (engineer)">Nasir Ahmed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Howard_Armstrong" title="Edwin Howard Armstrong">Edwin Howard Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_M._Atalla" title="Mohamed M. Atalla">Mohamed M. Atalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Logie_Baird" title="John Logie Baird">John Logie Baird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Baran" title="Paul Baran">Paul Baran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bardeen" title="John Bardeen">John Bardeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Graham_Bell" title="Alexander Graham Bell">Alexander Graham Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emile_Berliner" title="Emile Berliner">Emile Berliner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Berners-Lee" title="Tim Berners-Lee">Tim Berners-Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Blake_(inventor)" title="Francis Blake (inventor)">Francis Blake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagadish_Chandra_Bose" title="Jagadish Chandra Bose">Jagadish Chandra Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bourseul" title="Charles Bourseul">Charles Bourseul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Houser_Brattain" title="Walter Houser Brattain">Walter Houser Brattain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vint_Cerf" title="Vint Cerf">Vint Cerf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Chappe" title="Claude Chappe">Claude Chappe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogen_Dalal" class="mw-redirect" title="Yogen Dalal">Yogen Dalal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Davis_Jr." title="Daniel Davis Jr.">Daniel Davis Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Davies" title="Donald Davies">Donald Davies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_Dolbear" title="Amos Dolbear">Amos Dolbear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edison" title="Thomas Edison">Thomas Edison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_de_Forest" title="Lee de Forest">Lee de Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philo_Farnsworth" title="Philo Farnsworth">Philo Farnsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Fessenden" title="Reginald Fessenden">Reginald Fessenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisha_Gray" title="Elisha Gray">Elisha Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Heaviside" title="Oliver Heaviside">Oliver Heaviside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Hooke" title="Robert Hooke">Robert Hooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erna_Schneider_Hoover" title="Erna Schneider Hoover">Erna Schneider Hoover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Hopkins_(physicist)" title="Harold Hopkins (physicist)">Harold Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardiner_Greene_Hubbard" title="Gardiner Greene Hubbard">Gardiner Greene Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Internet_pioneers" title="List of Internet pioneers">Internet pioneers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Kahn" class="mw-redirect" title="Bob Kahn">Bob Kahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawon_Kahng" title="Dawon Kahng">Dawon Kahng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_K._Kao" title="Charles K. Kao">Charles K. Kao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narinder_Singh_Kapany" title="Narinder Singh Kapany">Narinder Singh Kapany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedy_Lamarr" title="Hedy Lamarr">Hedy Lamarr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Landell_de_Moura" title="Roberto Landell de Moura">Roberto Landell de Moura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innocenzo_Manzetti" title="Innocenzo Manzetti">Innocenzo Manzetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guglielmo_Marconi" title="Guglielmo Marconi">Guglielmo Marconi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Metcalfe" title="Robert Metcalfe">Robert Metcalfe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Meucci" title="Antonio Meucci">Antonio Meucci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Morse" title="Samuel Morse">Samuel Morse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jun-ichi_Nishizawa" title="Jun-ichi Nishizawa">Jun-ichi Nishizawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Grafton_Page" title="Charles Grafton Page">Charles Grafton Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radia_Perlman" title="Radia Perlman">Radia Perlman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Stepanovich_Popov" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Stepanovich Popov">Alexander Stepanovich Popov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tivadar_Pusk%C3%A1s" title="Tivadar Puskás">Tivadar Puskás</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Philipp_Reis" title="Johann Philipp Reis">Johann Philipp Reis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Shannon" title="Claude Shannon">Claude Shannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Almon_Brown_Strowger" title="Almon Brown Strowger">Almon Brown Strowger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Sutton_(inventor)" title="Henry Sutton (inventor)">Henry Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Sumner_Tainter" title="Charles Sumner Tainter">Charles Sumner Tainter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikola_Tesla" title="Nikola Tesla">Nikola Tesla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Tissot" title="Camille Tissot">Camille Tissot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Vail" title="Alfred Vail">Alfred Vail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Watson" title="Thomas A. Watson">Thomas A. Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Wheatstone" title="Charles Wheatstone">Charles Wheatstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_K._Zworykin" title="Vladimir K. Zworykin">Vladimir K. Zworykin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transmission_medium" title="Transmission medium">Transmission<br />media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coaxial_cable" title="Coaxial cable">Coaxial cable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiber-optic_communication" title="Fiber-optic communication">Fiber-optic communication</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Optical_fiber" title="Optical fiber">optical fiber</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free-space_optical_communication" title="Free-space optical communication">Free-space optical communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molecular_communication" title="Molecular communication">Molecular communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_wave" title="Radio wave">Radio waves</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wireless" title="Wireless">wireless</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_line" title="Transmission line">Transmission line</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunication_circuit" title="Telecommunication circuit">telecommunication circuit</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Network_topology" title="Network topology">Network topology</a><br />and switching</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandwidth_(computing)" title="Bandwidth (computing)">Bandwidth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_link" title="Telecommunications link">Links</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Node_(networking)" title="Node (networking)">Nodes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terminal_(telecommunication)" title="Terminal (telecommunication)">terminal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_switch" title="Network switch">Network switching</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circuit_switching" title="Circuit switching">circuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packet_switching" title="Packet switching">packet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telephone_exchange" title="Telephone exchange">Telephone exchange</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Multiplexing" title="Multiplexing">Multiplexing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space-division_multiple_access" title="Space-division multiple access">Space-division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frequency-division_multiplexing" title="Frequency-division multiplexing">Frequency-division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time-division_multiplexing" title="Time-division multiplexing">Time-division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polarization-division_multiplexing" title="Polarization-division multiplexing">Polarization-division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbital_angular_momentum_multiplexing" title="Orbital angular momentum multiplexing">Orbital angular-momentum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code-division_multiple_access" title="Code-division multiple access">Code-division</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communication_protocol" title="Communication protocol">Communication protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_network" title="Computer network">Computer network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_communication" title="Data communication">Data transmission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Store_and_forward" title="Store and forward">Store and forward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_equipment" title="Telecommunications equipment">Telecommunications equipment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_network" title="Telecommunications network">Types of network</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cellular_network" title="Cellular network">Cellular network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Services_Digital_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Services Digital Network">ISDN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_area_network" title="Local area network">LAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_telephony" title="Mobile telephony">Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next-generation_network" title="Next-generation network">NGN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_switched_telephone_network" title="Public switched telephone network">Public Switched Telephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_network" title="Radio network">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_broadcasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Television broadcasting">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telex" title="Telex">Telex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UUCP" title="UUCP">UUCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wide_area_network" title="Wide area network">WAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wireless_network" title="Wireless network">Wireless network</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_network" title="Telecommunications network">Notable networks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARPANET" title="ARPANET">ARPANET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BITNET" title="BITNET">BITNET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CYCLADES" title="CYCLADES">CYCLADES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FidoNet" title="FidoNet">FidoNet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet2" title="Internet2">Internet2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JANET" title="JANET">JANET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NPL_network" title="NPL network">NPL network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toasternet" title="Toasternet">Toasternet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usenet" title="Usenet">Usenet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_Africa" title="Category:Telecommunications in Africa">Africa</a></li> <li>Americas <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_North_America" title="Category:Telecommunications in North America">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_South_America" title="Category:Telecommunications in South America">South</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Communications_in_Antarctica" title="Category:Communications in Antarctica">Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_Asia" title="Category:Telecommunications in Asia">Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_Europe" title="Category:Telecommunications in Europe">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications_in_Oceania" title="Category:Telecommunications in Oceania">Oceania</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_telecommunications_regulatory_bodies" title="List of telecommunications regulatory bodies">Global telecommunications regulation bodies</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/16px-Telecom-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/24px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/32px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Telecommunication" title="Portal:Telecommunication">Telecommunication portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Telecommunications" title="Category:Telecommunications">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_telecommunication" title="Outline of telecommunication">Outline</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Telecommunications" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Telecommunications">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Satellite_communications" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Satcomm" title="Template:Satcomm"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Satcomm" title="Template talk:Satcomm"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Satcomm" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Satcomm"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Satellite_communications" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">Satellite communications</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_television" title="Satellite television">Satellite television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_radio" title="Satellite radio">Satellite radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_Internet_access" title="Satellite Internet access">Satellite Internet access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amateur_radio_satellite" title="Amateur radio satellite">Amateur satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_station" title="Ground station">Ground station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-throughput_satellite" title="High-throughput satellite">High-throughput satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_satellite" title="Communications satellite">Relay satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transponder_(satellite_communications)" title="Transponder (satellite communications)">Transponder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carriage_dispute" title="Carriage dispute">Carriage dispute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hardware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sat-IP" title="Sat-IP">SAT>IP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monoblock_LNB" title="Monoblock LNB">Monoblock LNB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DiSEqC" title="DiSEqC">DiSEqC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Satellites_Automatic_Location_System" title="Universal Satellites Automatic Location System">USALS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_Tracking_Satellite_Dish" class="mw-redirect" title="Automatic Tracking Satellite Dish">Automatic Tracking Satellite Dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_dish#Motor-driven_dish" title="Satellite dish">Motor-driven Satellite dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_dish#Multi-satellite" title="Satellite dish">Multi-satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_dish" title="Satellite dish">Satellite dish</a> (<a href="/wiki/Parabolic_antenna" title="Parabolic antenna">Parabolic antennas</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_phone" title="Satellite phone">Satellite phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_modem" title="Satellite modem">Satellite modem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satellite_data_unit" title="Satellite data unit">Satellite data unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spacebus" title="Spacebus">Spacebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Very-small-aperture_terminal" title="Very-small-aperture terminal">Very-small-aperture terminal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_radio" title="Satellite radio">Satellite radio</a> / <a href="/wiki/Satellite_television" title="Satellite television">TV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DVB-SH" title="DVB-SH">DVB-SH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-DMB" title="S-DMB">S-DMB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVB-RCS" title="DVB-RCS">DVB-RCS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVB-S2" title="DVB-S2">DVB-S2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVB-S2X" title="DVB-S2X">DVB-S2X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISDB#ISDB-S3" title="ISDB">ISDB-S3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_audio_radio_service" title="Digital audio radio service">Digital audio radio service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Broadcast companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astra_Digital_Radio" title="Astra Digital Radio">Astra Digital Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirecTV" title="DirecTV">DirecTV</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dish Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirius_XM" title="Sirius XM">Sirius XM Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_UK" title="Sky UK">Sky UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allente" title="Allente">Allente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1worldspace" title="1worldspace">1worldspace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Relay satellite companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AST_SpaceMobile" title="AST SpaceMobile">AST SpaceMobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EchoStar" title="EchoStar">EchoStar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat">Eutelsat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globalstar" title="Globalstar">Globalstar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat" title="Hispasat">Hispasat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hughes_Network_Systems" title="Hughes Network Systems">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inmarsat" title="Inmarsat">Inmarsat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelsat" title="Intelsat">Intelsat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intersputnik" title="Intersputnik">Intersputnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iridium_Communications" title="Iridium Communications">Iridium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SED_Systems" title="SED Systems">SED Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SES_(company)" title="SES (company)">SES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qianfan" title="Qianfan">Shanghai Spacecom Satellite Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_One_(satellite_operator)" title="Star One (satellite operator)">Star One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starlink" title="Starlink">Starlink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesat" title="Telesat">Telesat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tooway" title="Tooway">Tooway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrksat_(satellite)" title="Türksat (satellite)">Turksat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viasat_(American_company)" title="Viasat (American company)">Viasat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Satellite manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airbus_Defence_and_Space" title="Airbus Defence and Space">Airbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_Defense,_Space_%26_Security" title="Boeing Defense, Space & Security">Boeing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INVAP" title="INVAP">INVAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_Space" title="Lockheed Martin Space">Lockheed Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northrop_Grumman" title="Northrop Grumman">Northrop Grumman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX" title="SpaceX">SpaceX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SSL_(company)" title="SSL (company)">SSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thales_Alenia_Space" title="Thales Alenia Space">Thales Alenia Space</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trade organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consultative_Committee_for_Space_Data_Systems" title="Consultative Committee for Space Data 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