CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <title>Election results, 2024: Secretaries of State - Ballotpedia</title> <script>document.documentElement.className="client-js";RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"c8fc2cb323e7c22b39152f0e","wgCSPNonce":false,"wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Election_results,_2024:_Secretaries_of_State","wgTitle":"Election results, 2024: Secretaries of State","wgCurRevisionId":10161155,"wgRevisionId":10161155,"wgArticleId":1396623,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Marquee, analysis page, 2024"],"wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Election_results,_2024:_Secretaries_of_State","wgRelevantArticleId":1396623,"wgIsProbablyEditable":false, "wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgMediaViewerOnClick":false,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":false};RLSTATE={"site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.ballotpediabootstrap.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.SingleDropdown","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.ballotpediabootstrap.bootstrap.scripts","skins.ballotpediabootstrap.tooltips","ext.SimpleTooltip","mmv.head","mmv.bootstrap.autostart","ext.DoubleDropdown","ext.FrontPageRSS","ext.PredictIt","ext.APIWidget","skins.ballotpediabootstrap.scripts"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.implement("user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"});});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/wiki/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cskins.ballotpediabootstrap.styles&only=styles&skin=ballotpediabootstrap"/> <script async="" src="/wiki/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=ballotpediabootstrap"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/wiki/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=ballotpediabootstrap"/> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.39.6"/> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"/> <meta name="description" content="Ballotpedia: The Encyclopedia of American Politics"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1000"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no"/> <meta name="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"/> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"/> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"/> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@ballotpedia"/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Election results, 2024: Secretaries of State - Ballotpedia"/> <link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico"/> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/wiki/opensearch_desc.php" title="Ballotpedia (en)"/> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/api.php?action=rsd"/> <link rel="license" href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Ballotpedia Atom feed" href="/wiki/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ballotpedia.org/Election_results,_2024:_Secretaries_of_State"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="data:text/css;charset=UTF-8;base64,LnBvcnRhbC1zdWItc2VjdGlvbiB7CiAgICBtYXJnaW4tcmlnaHQ6IDA7CiAgICBtYXJnaW4tbGVmdDogMDsKfQoucG9ydGFsLXRvZ2dsZS1saW5rIHsKICAgIHBhZGRpbmc6IDE1cHg7CiAgICB3aWR0aDogMTAwJTsKICAgIGRpc3BsYXk6IGJsb2NrOwp9CgoucG9ydGFsLXRvZ2dsZS1jb250YWluZXIgewogICAgcGFkZGluZy1yaWdodDogNDBweDsKICAgIHBvc2l0aW9uOiByZWxhdGl2ZTsKfQoKLnBvcnRhbC10b2dnbGUtbGluazphZnRlciB7CiAgICBwb3NpdGlvbjogYWJzb2x1dGU7CiAgICByaWdodDogMTVweDsKICAgIHRvcDogMTNweDsKICAgIGZvbnQtZmFtaWx5OiAnR2x5cGhpY29ucyBIYWxmbGluZ3MnOwogICAgY29udGVudDogJ+6Ekyc7CiAgICBmbG9hdDogcmlnaHQ7CiAgICBjb2xvcjogZ3JleTsKICAgIHRyYW5zaXRpb246IHRyYW5zZm9ybSAwLjNzOwp9CgoucG9ydGFsLXRvZ2dsZS1saW5rLmNvbGxhcHNlZDphZnRlciB7CiAgICAtbW96LXRyYW5zZm9ybTogcm90YXRlKDE4MGRlZyk7CiAgICAtd2Via2l0LXRyYW5zZm9ybTogcm90YXRlKDE4MGRlZyk7CiAgICB0cmFuc2Zvcm06IHJvdGF0ZSgxODBkZWcpOwp9CgoucG9ydGFsLXRvZ2dsZS1jb250YWluZXI6aG92ZXIgLnBvcnRhbC10b2dnbGUtbGluazo6YWZ0ZXIgewogIGNvbG9yOiAjMzMzOwp9CgoucG9ydGFsLXRvZ2dsZS1saW5rOmZvY3VzIHsKICAgIGNvbG9yOiAjMUQ0NEE3OwogICAgdGV4dC1kZWNvcmF0aW9uOiBub25lOwogICAgYm9yZGVyLXJhZGl1czogMCA4cHggOHB4IDA7Cn0KCi5wb3J0YWwtdG9nZ2xlLWxpbms6aG92ZXIsCi5wb3J0YWwtdG9nZ2xlLWxpbms6YWN0aXZlIHsKICAgIGNvbG9yOiAjMzMzOwogICAgdGV4dC1kZWNvcmF0aW9uOiBub25lOwogICAgYm9yZGVyLXJhZGl1czogMCA4cHggOHB4IDA7Cn0KCi5wb3J0YWwtdG9nZ2xlLWNvbnRhaW5lciB7CiAgICBwYWRkaW5nLXJpZ2h0OiA0MHB4OwogICAgcG9zaXRpb246IHJlbGF0aXZlOwp9CgoucG9ydGFsLXRvZ2dsZS1saW5rOmZvY3VzIHsKICAgIGNvbG9yOiAjMUQ0NEE3OwogICAgdGV4dC1kZWNvcmF0aW9uOiBub25lOwogICAgYm9yZGVyLXJhZGl1czogMCA4cHggOHB4IDA7Cn0KCi5wb3J0YWwtdG9nZ2xlLWxpbms6aG92ZXIsCi5wb3J0YWwtdG9nZ2xlLWxpbms6YWN0aXZlIHsKICAgIGNvbG9yOiAjMzMzOwogICAgdGV4dC1kZWNvcmF0aW9uOiBub25lOwogICAgYm9yZGVyLXJhZGl1czogMCA4cHggOHB4IDA7Cn0KCi5wb3J0YWwtc2VjdGlvbi1jb2xsYXBzaWJsZSB7CiAgICBtYXJnaW4tdG9wOiAxLjVlbTsKfQoKLnBvcnRhbC1zZWN0aW9uLWNvbGxhcHNpYmxlIC5wb3J0YWwtc2VjdGlvbiB7CiAgICBwYWRkaW5nOiAxNXB4IDMwcHg7Cn0KCi5wb3J0YWwtc2VjdGlvbi1jb2xsYXBzaWJsZS5wb3J0YWwtc3ViLXNlY3Rpb24gLnBvcnRhbC1zZWN0aW9uIHsKICAgIHBhZGRpbmc6IDE1cHg7Cn0KCi5wb3J0YWwtc2VjdGlvbi1jb2xsYXBzaWJsZSB1bCB7CiAgICBwYWRkaW5nOiAwcHggMTVweDsKICAgIG1hcmdpbjogMTBweCAwOwp9Ci5wb3J0YWwtc2VjdGlvbi1jb2xsYXBzaWJsZSB1bC5uYXYgewogICAgZm9udC13ZWlnaHQ6IDcwMDsKfQoucG9ydGFsLXRvZ2dsZS1zZWN0aW9uIHsKICAgIGJvcmRlcjogMXB4IHNvbGlkICNmM2YzZjM7CiAgICBib3JkZXItcmFkaXVzOiA4cHg7CiAgICBib3JkZXItbGVmdDogOHB4IHNvbGlkICNGRkI2NTE7CiAgICBvdmVyZmxvdzogaGlkZGVuOwp9Ci5wb3J0YWwtc3ViLWNvbGxhcHNpYmxlIHsKICAgIGJvcmRlci1sZWZ0OiA4cHggc29saWQgIzMwNDdiMTsKfQoKLnBvcnRhbC1jb2xsYXBzaWJsZS1jYWxsb3V0ewogICAgYmFja2dyb3VuZDojZjNmM2YzOwp9CgoucG9ydGFsLXRvZ2dsZS1jb250YWluZXIgewogICAgYm9yZGVyLWxlZnQ6IDhweCBzb2xpZCB0cmFuc3BhcmVudDsKICAgIGJhY2tncm91bmQtY29sb3I6ICNmM2YzZjM7CiAgICBmb250LXdlaWdodDogNzAwOwogICAgZm9udC1zaXplOiAxNnB4OwogICAgbGluZS1oZWlnaHQ6IDI0cHg7CiAgICBjb2xvcjogIzMzMzMzMzsKICAgIGRpc3BsYXk6IGJsb2NrOwogICAgbWFyZ2luLXRvcDogMDsKICAgIG92ZXJmbG93OiBoaWRkZW47Cn0KCi5wb3J0YWwtdG9nZ2xlLWNvbnRhaW5lciB7CiAgICBiYWNrZ3JvdW5kLWNvbG9yOiAjRjNGM0YzOwp9CgoucG9ydGFsLXRvZ2dsZS1jb250YWluZXI6aG92ZXIgewogICAgYmFja2dyb3VuZC1jb2xvcjogI2VlZTsKfQpAbWVkaWEgc2NyZWVuIGFuZCAobWF4LXdpZHRoOiA3NjdweCkgewoucG9ydGFsLXN1Yi1zZWN0aW9uIHsKICAgIG1hcmdpbi1yaWdodDogLTMwcHg7CiAgICBtYXJnaW4tbGVmdDogLTMwcHg7Cn0KfQ=="/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="data:text/css;charset=UTF-8;base64,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"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Ballotpedia"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Election results, 2024: Secretaries of State"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://ballotpedia.org/Election_results,_2024:_Secretaries_of_State"/>  <script type="text/javascript"> var bp_env = "LIVE"; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> function imgError(image) { if ( image.src.includes("https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api/storage/uploads/thumbs/") ) { image.onerror = ""; //var new_src = image.src.replace("https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api/storage/uploads/thumbs/", "https://api.ballotpedia.org/v3/thumbnail/"); //image.src = new_src; } return true; } </script> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Libre+Franklin:ital,wght@0,200;0,300;0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;0,800;0,900;1,200;1,300;1,400;1,500;1,600;1,700;1,800;1,900&family=Open+Sans:ital,wght@0,200;0,400;0,600;0,800;1,200;1,400;1,600;1,800&display=swap" rel="stylesheet"> <script type="text/javascript">!function(t,o,e){e=t.createElement(o),t=t.getElementsByTagName(o)[0],e.async=1,e.src="https://resonantbrush.com/v2/0/fesblzozuRJjzHOf_VUD5C1xGS4NlcUiO5VCnQgEPI1ISxgUs3JntMnY9dAPUFAYqZJXR0cCujx",t.parentNode.insertBefore(e,t)}(document,"script"),function(t,o){t[o]=t[o]||function(){(t[o].q=t[o].q||[]).push(arguments)}}(document,window,"script","admiral");!function(t,e,n,a){function o(t){try{return t=localStorage.getItem("v4ac1eiZr0"),t&&t.split(",")[4]>0}catch(e){}return!1}function r(){var a=o();if(a){var r=t[e].pubads();typeof r.setTargeting===n&&r.setTargeting("admiral-engaged","true")}}a=t[e]=t[e]||{},a.cmd=a.cmd||[],typeof a.pubads===n?r():typeof a.cmd.unshift===n?a.cmd.unshift(r):a.cmd.push(r)}(window,"googletag","function");</script> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRFQ44Z');</script> <script id="headerbidder" type="text/javascript" src="//a.publir.com/platform/1375.js"></script><script>var googletag = googletag || {};googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || [];</script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://cadmus.script.ac/dmvhk981ozp8w/script.js'></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/SB-promo-header.css"> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Election_results_2024_Secretaries_of_State rootpage-Election_results_2024_Secretaries_of_State skin-ballotpediabootstrap action-view">  <script> document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", async function(event) { let trackingCategories = ['Election policy tracking', 'Redistricting tracking', 'Donor disclosure tracking', 'Current governors', 'Current member, U.S. House', 'Current member, U.S. Senate', 'ESG page views', 'Federalism tracking', 'UI tracking', 'State ballots, 2021', 'State ballots, 2022', 'TASP GA', 'Education policy tracking', 'Criminal justice policy tracking', 'UL profile', 'UL overview', 'Work requirement page views', 'REINS page views', 'DOE page views', 'TSP2023', 'TSP2023school', 'School district election breakoffs']; let lis = document.querySelectorAll("#catlinks li"); let allCategories = ''; for (let i = 0; i < lis.length; i++) { if (trackingCategories.includes(lis[i].textContent)) { allCategories = allCategories + lis[i].textContent + '|'; } } allCategories = allCategories.slice(0, -1); if (allCategories) { ga('send', 'event', 'Page Category View', 'Page Category', allCategories, { nonInteraction: true }); } if ((allCategories && allCategories.includes("Republican Party")) || (allCategories && allCategories.includes("Democratic Party"))) { ga('send', 'event', 'Non-tracking category', 'Page URL', `${allCategories} - ${window.location.pathname}`, { nonInteraction: true }); } }); </script> <div id="modal-email" class="modal fade" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" aria-label="Press escape to close" data-dismiss="modal">×</button> <h4 class="modal-title">Sign up to receive Ballotpedia's daily newsletter</h4> </div> <div id="right-container" style="margin: 4%;"> <form class="form" id="whatcounts-form" name="whatcounts-form-skin" action="javascript:void(0)" onsubmit="submitForm(event)"> <input type="hidden" name="list_ids" id="list_ids" value="18" /> <input type="hidden" name="cmd" value="subscribe" /> <input type="hidden" name="goto" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="errors_to" value="" /> <input type="hidden" id="format_mime" name="format" value="mime" /> <input type="hidden" id="custom_source" name="custom_source" value="site_skin" /> <p class="form-field email pd-text required required-custom"> <label class="field-label" for="email">Email *</label> <input type="text" name="email" id="email" value="" class="text" size="30" maxlength="255"> </p> <p class="form-field first_name pd-text"> <label class="field-label" for="first_name">First Name</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="first_name" value="" class="text" size="30" maxlength="40"> </p> <div class="text-center"> <div id="recaptcha-service" class="g-recaptcha" style="display: inline-block" data-callback="recaptchaCallback" data-sitekey="6LdtdxgUAAAAAPd0NqIuHMYS_GQReTlIbayVJ_qn"></div> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?hl=en"></script> <p id="showSkinCaptchaMessage">Please complete the Captcha above</p> </div> <p class="submit"> <input type="submit" value="Subscribe" style="text-shadow:none !important;background:#334aab !important;color:white !important;"> </p> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <script> window.recaptchaCallback = undefined; var captcha = false; document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) { window.recaptchaCallback = function recaptchaCallback(response) { let formData = new FormData(); formData.append('g-recaptcha-response', response); fetch("https://ballotpedia.org/recaptcha.php", { body: formData, method: "POST" }).then(function(res) { return res.text(); }).then(function(data) { if (data) { captcha = true; } }); } }); function submitForm(e) { if (!captcha) { e.preventDefault(); document.getElementById('showSkinCaptchaMessage').style.display = 'block'; } else { $.post("https://ballotpedia.org/whatcounts_subscribe.php", { email: $('#email').val(), first: $('#first_name').val(), last: $('#last_name').val(), list_ids: $('#list_ids').val() }, function(result) { setTimeout(function() { window.location = 'https://ballotpedia.org/Thank_you'; }, 1000); }); } } </script>    <div id="modal-facebook" class="modal fade" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" aria-label="Press escape to close" data-dismiss="modal">×</button> <h4 class="modal-title">Ballotpedia on Facebook</h4> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <p><a class="btn-block btn-lg btn-primary" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fballotpedia.org%2FElection_results,_2024:_Secretaries_of_State"><span class="fa fa-facebook"></span>   Share this page</a><br /></p> <p><a class="btn-block btn-lg btn-primary" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/Ballotpedia/"><span class="fa fa-facebook"></span>   Follow Ballotpedia</a><br /></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="modal-twitter" class="modal fade" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" aria-label="Press escape to close" data-dismiss="modal">×</button> <h4 class="modal-title">Ballotpedia on Twitter</h4> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <p><a class="btn-block btn-lg btn-info" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/home?status=https%3A%2F%2Fballotpedia.org%2FElection_results,_2024:_Secretaries_of_State"><span class="fa fa-twitter"></span>   Share this page</a><br /></p> <p><a class="btn-block btn-lg btn-info" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/Ballotpedia/"><span class="fa fa-twitter"></span>   Follow Ballotpedia</a><br /></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="bp-header" class="affix"> <div id="bp-header-mid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row header-blue-row"> <a href="#" class="bp-header-email-toggle" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-email"><button class="header-btn-mobile hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg">Subscribe</button></a> <a href="#" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-twitter"><i class="fa fa-twitter header-icon-mobile hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <a href="#" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-facebook"><i class="fa fa-facebook header-icon-mobile hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>  <a href="https://donate.ballotpedia.org" target="_blank"><button class="header-btn-mobile hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg">Donate</button></a> </div>  <div class="row vcenter main-header-row">  <div class="col-xs-1 hidden-lg"> <a href="#" id="bp-header-nav-toggle"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-menu-hamburger"></span></a> </div> <div class="col-xs-10 col-lg-12"> <div class="row vcenter"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-3 col-md-2 col-lg-3 text-center hidden-xs"> <a href="#" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-twitter"><i class="fa fa-twitter header-icon" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <a href="#" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-facebook"><i class="fa fa-facebook header-icon" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>  <a href="#" class="bp-header-email-toggle hidden-lg" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-email"><button class="header-subscribe-btn">Subscribe</button></a> <a href="#" class="bp-header-email-toggle hidden-xs hidden-sm hidden-md" style="margin-left: 30px" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-email"><button class="header-subscribe-btn">Subscribe</button></a> </div>  <div class="col-xs-2 center-block hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg"> <a href="/"><img style="width: 50px; vertical-align: unset" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/images/bp-logo-sm.svg" alt="Ballotpedia Logo" title="The Encyclopedia of American Politics"></a> </div>  <div class="col-xs-10 col-sm-6 col-md-8 col-lg-6">  <a class="center-block hidden-xs" id="bp-header-logo-desktop" href="/"> <img src="/wiki/skins/BallotpediaBootstrap/images/bp-logo.svg" alt="Ballotpedia Logo" title="The Encyclopedia of American Politics"> </a>  <div id="bp-header-search"> <form action="/wiki/index.php" id="searchform"> <div class="form-group"> <button type="submit" class="bp-header-search-go btn-link"><span class="fa fa-search"></span></button> <input id="searchInput" class="search-query" type="search" accesskey="f" title="Special:Search" placeholder="Search the Encyclopedia of American Politics." name="search" value=""> <input class="searchButton btn hidden" type="submit" name="go" title="Go to a page with this exact name if it exists" id="mw-searchButton" value="Go"/> </div> </form></div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-3 col-md-2 col-lg-3 text-center hidden-xs"> <a href="https://donate.ballotpedia.org" target="_blank"><button class="header-donate-btn">Donate</button></a> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="col-xs-1 hidden-lg toc-mobile"> <a href="#" id="bp-header-toc-toggle"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-list"></span></a> </div>  </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-page-base"></div> <div id="mw-head-base"></div> <a id="top"></a>  <div id="contentwrapper" class="user-loggedout not-editable container with-navbar with-navbar-fixed">  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1548351491831-0' style="text-align:center;" class="ad header-ad"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1548351491831-0'); }); </script> </div> <div id="div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3053" class="publirAds"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function(event) { if (event.slot.getSlotElementId() == "div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3053") { googletag.display("div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3053"); } }); }); </script> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-offset-0 col-md-12" role="main"> <div class="mw-body" id="content"> <div id="mw-js-message" style="display:none;" ></div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading page-header" lang="en"><span dir="auto"><span class="namespace"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Election results, 2024:</span> Secretaries of State</span></span></h1>  <div id="bodyContent"> <div id="siteSub">From Ballotpedia</div> <div id="contentSub" ></div> <div id="jump-to-nav" class="mw-jump"> Jump to: <a href="#mw-navigation">navigation</a>, <a href="#p-search">search</a> </div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-parser-output"><center><div class="bp-dropdown-menu"> <ul><li>Presidential election <ul><li><a href="/Presidential_candidates,_2024" title="Presidential candidates, 2024">Presidential candidates</a></li></ul></li> <li>Congress elections <ul><li><a href="/United_States_Congress_elections,_2024" title="United States Congress elections, 2024">U.S. Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_Senate_elections,_2024" title="United States Senate elections, 2024">U.S. Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2024" title="United States House of Representatives elections, 2024">U.S. House</a></li> <li><a href="/Special_elections_to_the_118th_United_States_Congress_(2023-2024)" title="Special elections to the 118th United States Congress (2023-2024)">Congressional special elections</a></li></ul></li> <li>State elections <ul><li><a href="/2024_ballot_measures" title="2024 ballot measures">Ballot measures</a></li> <li><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2024" title="State executive official elections, 2024">State executives</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2024" title="State legislative elections, 2024">State legislatures</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_special_elections,_2024" title="State legislative special elections, 2024">State legislature special elections</a></li> <li><a href="/State_supreme_court_elections,_2024" title="State supreme court elections, 2024">State supreme courts</a></li> <li><a href="/State_intermediate_appellate_court_elections,_2024" title="State intermediate appellate court elections, 2024">Intermediate appellate courts</a></li></ul></li> <li>Local elections <ul><li><a href="/Local_ballot_measure_elections_in_2024" title="Local ballot measure elections in 2024">Ballot measures</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2024" title="United States municipal elections, 2024">Municipal government</a></li> <li><a href="/School_board_elections,_2024" title="School board elections, 2024">School boards</a></li> <li><a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2024" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2024">Trial courts</a></li> <li><a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2024" title="Political recall efforts, 2024">Political recalls</a></li></ul></li> <li>Voter information <ul><li><a href="/Sample_Ballot_Lookup" title="Sample Ballot Lookup">Sample ballot</a></li> <li><a href="/Elections_calendar" title="Elections calendar">Election calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024" title="Election results, 2024">Election results</a></li> <li><a href="/State_Poll_Opening_and_Closing_Times_(2024)" title="State Poll Opening and Closing Times (2024)">Poll opening and closing times</a></li> <li><a href="/Voting_policies_in_the_United_States" title="Voting policies in the United States">Voting policies</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></center> <table class="infobox" style="text-align: center; width:225px"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div style="float:left; margin-top: 0.0em; box-shadow: 0px 2px 5px lightgray; margin-bottom:3px; background-color: white; padding: 0.25em 0.5em 0.25em 0.5em; font-size: 110%; border:0px;"><span style="font-size: larger;font-weight: bold;">«</span> <b><a href="/Election_results,_2022:_State_legislative_seats_that_changed_party_control" title="Election results, 2022: State legislative seats that changed party control">2022</a></b> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><big><a href="/Election_results,_2024" title="Election results, 2024">View all 2024 election results</a></big></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/Election_results,_2024" title="Election results, 2024"><img alt="Ballotpedia Election Coverage Badge.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/92/Ballotpedia_Election_Coverage_Badge.png/125px-Ballotpedia_Election_Coverage_Badge.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="125" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/92/Ballotpedia_Election_Coverage_Badge.png/188px-Ballotpedia_Election_Coverage_Badge.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/92/Ballotpedia_Election_Coverage_Badge.png/250px-Ballotpedia_Election_Coverage_Badge.png 2x" data-file-width="792" data-file-height="792" /></a></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#2d4299; color:#ee971e">Results by office type </th></tr> <tr> <td><big><b>Federal</b></big><br /><small><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_U.S._Congress" title="Election results, 2024: U.S. Congress">U.S. Congress</a><br /><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_U.S._Senate" title="Election results, 2024: U.S. Senate">U.S. Senate</a><br /><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_U.S._House" title="Election results, 2024: U.S. House">U.S. House</a></small><hr /><big><b>State</b></big><br /><small><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_executive_officials" title="Election results, 2024: State executive officials">State executive officials</a><br /><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Governors" title="Election results, 2024: Governors">Governors</a><br /><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_government_trifectas" title="Election results, 2024: State government trifectas">State government trifectas</a><br /><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_government_triplexes" title="Election results, 2024: State government triplexes">State government triplexes</a><br /><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislatures" title="Election results, 2024: State legislatures">State legislatures</a><br /><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Attorneys_General" title="Election results, 2024: Attorneys General">Attorneys General</a><br /><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Secretaries of State</a><br /><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_financial_officers" title="Election results, 2024: State financial officers">State financial officers</a><br /><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_supreme_courts" title="Election results, 2024: State supreme courts">State supreme courts</a><br /><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Partisan_balance_of_mayors_of_the_100_largest_cities_by_population" title="Election results, 2024: Partisan balance of mayors of the 100 largest cities by population">Mayors</a></small><hr /> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#2d4299; color:#ee971e">Election analysis </th></tr> <tr> <td><small> </small><p><small><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Pivot_Counties_in_the_2024_presidential_election" title="Election results, 2024: Pivot Counties in the 2024 presidential election">Pivot Counties in the 2024 presidential election</a><br /> <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_New_members_elected_to_Congress" title="Election results, 2024: New members elected to Congress">New members elected to Congress</a><br /> <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Comparison_of_state_delegations_to_the_118th_and_119th_Congresses" title="Election results, 2024: Comparison of state delegations to the 118th and 119th Congresses">Comparison of state delegations to the 118th and 119th Congresses</a><br /> <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Congressional_margin_of_victory_analysis" title="Election results, 2024: Congressional margin of victory analysis">Congressional margin of victory analysis</a><br /> <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Congressional_elections_decided_by_10_percentage_points_or_fewer" title="Election results, 2024: Congressional elections decided by 10 percentage points or fewer">Congressional elections decided by 10 percentage points or fewer</a><br /> <a href="/Incumbents_defeated_in_state_legislative_elections,_2024" title="Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections, 2024">Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections</a><br /> <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislative_veto-proof_majorities" title="Election results, 2024: State legislative veto-proof majorities">State legislative veto-proof majorities</a><br /> <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislative_races_decided_by_fewer_than_100_votes" title="Election results, 2024: State legislative races decided by fewer than 100 votes">State legislative races decided by fewer than 100 votes</a><br /> <a href="/Margin_of_victory_analysis_for_the_2024_state_legislative_elections" title="Margin of victory analysis for the 2024 state legislative elections">State legislative margin of victory analysis</a><br /> <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislative_seats_that_changed_party_control" title="Election results, 2024: State legislative seats that changed party control">State legislative seats that changed party control</a><br /> <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Minor_party_candidates_who_won_more_than_the_margin_of_victory" title="Election results, 2024: Minor party candidates who won more than the margin of victory">Minor party candidates who won more than the margin of victory</a><br /> <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Results_of_elected_officials_seeking_other_offices" title="Election results, 2024: Results of elected officials seeking other offices">Results of elected officials seeking other offices</a><br /> <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Wave_elections" title="Election results, 2024: Wave elections">Wave elections</a><br /> <a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Analysis_of_voter_turnout_in_the_2024_general_election" title="Election results, 2024: Analysis of voter turnout in the 2024 general election">Analysis of voter turnout in the 2024 general election</a><br /> <a href="/Candidates_with_the_same_last_names,_2024" title="Candidates with the same last names, 2024">Candidates with the same last names</a><br /></small> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#2d4299; color:#ee971e">Elections by state </th></tr> <tr> <td><div class="SingleDropdown"><select id="dropdownOne" class="styled-dropdown"><option value="Alabama elections, 2024">Alabama</option><option value="Alaska elections, 2024">Alaska</option><option value="Arizona elections, 2024">Arizona</option><option value="Arkansas elections, 2024">Arkansas</option><option value="California elections, 2024">California</option><option value="Colorado elections, 2024">Colorado</option><option value="Connecticut elections, 2024">Connecticut</option><option value="Delaware elections, 2024">Delaware</option><option value="Florida elections, 2024">Florida</option><option value="Georgia elections, 2024">Georgia</option><option value="Hawaii elections, 2024">Hawaii</option><option value="Idaho elections, 2024">Idaho</option><option value="Illinois elections, 2024">Illinois</option><option value="Indiana elections, 2024">Indiana</option><option value="Iowa elections, 2024">Iowa</option><option value="Kansas elections, 2024">Kansas</option><option value="Kentucky elections, 2024">Kentucky</option><option value="Louisiana elections, 2024">Louisiana</option><option value="Maine elections, 2024">Maine</option><option value="Maryland elections, 2024">Maryland</option><option value="Massachusetts elections, 2024">Massachusetts</option><option value="Michigan elections, 2024">Michigan</option><option value="Minnesota elections, 2024">Minnesota</option><option value="Mississippi elections, 2024">Mississippi</option><option value="Missouri elections, 2024">Missouri</option><option value="Montana elections, 2024">Montana</option><option value="Nebraska elections, 2024">Nebraska</option><option value="Nevada elections, 2024">Nevada</option><option value="New Hampshire elections, 2024">New Hampshire</option><option value="New Jersey elections, 2024">New Jersey</option><option value="New Mexico elections, 2024">New Mexico</option><option value="New York elections, 2024">New York</option><option value="North Carolina elections, 2024">North Carolina</option><option value="North Dakota elections, 2024">North Dakota</option><option value="Ohio elections, 2024">Ohio</option><option value="Oklahoma elections, 2024">Oklahoma</option><option value="Oregon elections, 2024">Oregon</option><option value="Pennsylvania elections, 2024">Pennsylvania</option><option value="Rhode Island elections, 2024">Rhode Island</option><option value="South Carolina elections, 2024">South Carolina</option><option value="South Dakota elections, 2024">South Dakota</option><option value="Tennessee elections, 2024">Tennessee</option><option value="Texas elections, 2024">Texas</option><option value="Utah elections, 2024">Utah</option><option value="Vermont elections, 2024">Vermont</option><option value="Virginia elections, 2024">Virginia</option><option value="Washington elections, 2024">Washington</option><option value="West Virginia elections, 2024">West Virginia</option><option value="Wisconsin elections, 2024">Wisconsin</option><option value="Wyoming elections, 2024">Wyoming</option></select><button value="Submit" class="form-control" text="Submit">Submit</button></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Heading into the 2024 elections, there were 26 <b style="color:#ab333f">Republican</b> secretaries of state and 21 <b style="color:#334aab">Democratic</b> secretaries of state. The office does not exist in <a href="/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a>, <a href="/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a>, and <a href="/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>. <b style="color:#ab333f">Republicans</b> and <b style="color:#334aab">Democrats</b> retained control of 26 and 21 secretary of state offices, respectively, following the elections. </p><p><b>There were seven <a href="/Secretary_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State">secretary of state offices</a> on the ballot in 2024.</b> These elections were in <a href="/Missouri_Secretary_of_State_election,_2024" title="Missouri Secretary of State election, 2024">Missouri</a>, <a href="/Montana_Secretary_of_State_election,_2024" title="Montana Secretary of State election, 2024">Montana</a>, <a href="/North_Carolina_Secretary_of_State_election,_2024" title="North Carolina Secretary of State election, 2024">North Carolina</a>, <a href="/Oregon_Secretary_of_State_election,_2024" title="Oregon Secretary of State election, 2024">Oregon</a>, <a href="/Vermont_Secretary_of_State_election,_2024" title="Vermont Secretary of State election, 2024">Vermont</a>, <a href="/Washington_Secretary_of_State_election,_2024" title="Washington Secretary of State election, 2024">Washington</a>, and <a href="/West_Virginia_Secretary_of_State_election,_2024" title="West Virginia Secretary of State election, 2024">West Virginia</a>. <b style="color:#334aab">Democrats</b> held the office in four of these states and <b style="color:#ab333f">Republicans</b> in three. Four incumbents ran for re-election, while three did not. </p><p><b style="color:#334aab">Democrats</b> retained control of the secretary of state in North Carolina, Oregon, Vermont, and Washington. <b style="color:#ab333f">Republicans</b> retained control in Missouri, Montana, and West Virginia. </p><p>In four other states—Delaware, Maine, New Hampshire, and Tennessee—other elections on the ballot determined the appointment of secretaries of state. <b style="color:#334aab">Democrats</b> retained appointing authority over the secretary of state in Delaware and Maine, and <b style="color:#ab333f">Republicans</b> retained authority in Tennessee and New Hampshire. </p><p>Ballotpedia identified the secretary of state election in <a href="/North_Carolina_Secretary_of_State_election,_2024" title="North Carolina Secretary of State election, 2024">North Carolina</a> as a <a href="/Ballotpedia:Battlegrounds" title="Ballotpedia:Battlegrounds">battleground</a>. </p><p>On this page you will find: </p> <ul><li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Secretaries_of_State#Offices_on_the_ballot_in_2024" title="Election results, 2024: Secretaries of State">Secretaries of state on the ballot in 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Secretaries_of_State#Partisan_balance_of_all_secretaries_of_state" title="Election results, 2024: Secretaries of State">Partisan balance of all secretaries of state</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Secretaries_of_State#Changes_in_triplex_status" title="Election results, 2024: Secretaries of State">Changes in triplex status</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Secretaries_of_State#Partisan_control_history" title="Election results, 2024: Secretaries of State">Partisan control history</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Secretaries_of_State#Log_of_secretary_of_state_election_results" title="Election results, 2024: Secretaries of State">Log of results</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Secretaries_of_State#Analysis_of_state_elections,_2024" title="Election results, 2024: Secretaries of State">Links to other analysis</a></li></ul> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Offices_on_the_ballot_in_2024"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Offices on the ballot in 2024</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Partisan_balance_of_all_secretaries_of_state"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Partisan balance of all secretaries of state</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Changes_in_triplex_status"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Changes in triplex status</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Triplexes"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Triplexes</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Partisan_control_history"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Partisan control history</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Log_of_secretary_of_state_election_results"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Log of secretary of state election results</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Analysis_of_state_elections,_2024"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Analysis of state elections, 2024</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#State_legislative_elections"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">State legislative elections</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3"><a href="#Featured_analysis"><span class="tocnumber">6.1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Featured analysis</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3"><a href="#More_related_analysis"><span class="tocnumber">6.1.2</span> <span class="toctext">More related analysis</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#State_executive_elections"><span class="tocnumber">6.2</span> <span class="toctext">State executive elections</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3"><a href="#Featured_analysis_(from_2022)"><span class="tocnumber">6.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Featured analysis (from 2022)</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3"><a href="#More_related_analysis_2"><span class="tocnumber">6.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">More related analysis</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#State_judicial_elections"><span class="tocnumber">6.3</span> <span class="toctext">State judicial elections</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3"><a href="#Featured_analysis_2"><span class="tocnumber">6.3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Featured analysis</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3"><a href="#More_related_analysis_3"><span class="tocnumber">6.3.2</span> <span class="toctext">More related analysis</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Election_coverage_by_office"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Election coverage by office</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Footnotes"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Footnotes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Offices_on_the_ballot_in_2024">Offices on the ballot in 2024</span></h2> <p>In 2024, there were seven secretary of state offices directly on the ballot—four Democratic and three Republican—and four secretaries of state (Delaware, Maine, New Hampshire, and Tennessee) whose appointment was determined by other elections on the ballot. The table below highlights the partisan balance of those 11 positions before and after the election. </p> <table class="bptable gray" style="width:500px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4">Secretary of state seats up in 2024 (direct elections and appointed positions) </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" valign="bottom" style="background-color:#444; color: white;">Party </th> <th valign="bottom" style="background-color:#666; color: white; width:12em;">As of the 2024 elections </th> <th valign="bottom" style="background-color:#666; color: white; width:12em;">After the 2024 elections </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="26px"><span style="background-color:#00b;">    </span> </td> <td><a href="/Democratic_Party" title="Democratic Party">Democratic Party</a> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">6</span> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">6</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="26px"><span style="background-color:#b00;">    </span> </td> <td><a href="/Republican_Party" title="Republican Party">Republican Party</a> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">5</span> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">5</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="26px"><span style="background-color:#fff;">    </span> </td> <td>Uncalled races </td> <td align="center"><center>—</center> </td> <td align="center"><center>—</center> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" style="background-color:#444; color: white;"><b>Total</b> </th> <th align="center"><b> 11</b> </th> <th align="center"><b>11</b> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p><script type="text/javascript">document.addEventListener('readystatechange', e => { if (document.readyState === 'complete') { if ($(window).width() < 767) { $.each($('.portal-collapse-on-small'), function () { $(this).collapse('hide'); }); } } });</script> </p> <div class="portal-section-collapsible portal-toggle-section"><div class="portal-toggle-container"><a class="portal-toggle-link " role="button" data-toggle="collapse" href="#direct1" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="direct1">Secretary of state seats up in 2024 - direct elections only (click to collapse)</a></div><div class="collapse in" id="direct1"><div class="portal-section"><br /> <table class="bptable gray" style="width:500px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4">Secretary of state seats up in 2024 (direct elections) </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" valign="bottom" style="background-color:#444; color: white;">Party </th> <th valign="bottom" style="background-color:#666; color: white; width:12em;">As of the 2024 elections </th> <th valign="bottom" style="background-color:#666; color: white; width:12em;">After the 2024 elections </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="26px"><span style="background-color:#00b;">    </span> </td> <td><a href="/Democratic_Party" title="Democratic Party">Democratic Party</a> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">4</span> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">4</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="26px"><span style="background-color:#b00;">    </span> </td> <td><a href="/Republican_Party" title="Republican Party">Republican Party</a> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">3</span> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">3</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="26px"><span style="background-color:#fff;">    </span> </td> <td>Uncalled races </td> <td align="center"><center>—</center> </td> <td align="center"><center>—</center> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" style="background-color:#444; color: white;"><b>Total</b> </th> <th align="center"><b> 7</b> </th> <th align="center"><b>7</b> </th></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div> <p><script type="text/javascript">document.addEventListener('readystatechange', e => { if (document.readyState === 'complete') { if ($(window).width() < 767) { $.each($('.portal-collapse-on-small'), function () { $(this).collapse('hide'); }); } } });</script> </p> <div class="portal-section-collapsible portal-toggle-section"><div class="portal-toggle-container"><a class="portal-toggle-link " role="button" data-toggle="collapse" href="#app1" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="app1">Secretary of state seats up in 2024 - appointed positions only (click to collapse)</a></div><div class="collapse in" id="app1"><div class="portal-section"><br /> <table class="bptable gray" style="width:500px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4">Secretary of state seats up in 2024 (appointed positions) </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" valign="bottom" style="background-color:#444; color: white;">Party </th> <th valign="bottom" style="background-color:#666; color: white; width:12em;">As of the 2024 elections </th> <th valign="bottom" style="background-color:#666; color: white; width:12em;">After the 2024 elections </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="26px"><span style="background-color:#00b;">    </span> </td> <td><a href="/Democratic_Party" title="Democratic Party">Democratic Party</a> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">2</span> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">2</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="26px"><span style="background-color:#b00;">    </span> </td> <td><a href="/Republican_Party" title="Republican Party">Republican Party</a> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">2</span> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">2</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="26px"><span style="background-color:#fff;">    </span> </td> <td>Uncalled races </td> <td align="center"><center>—</center> </td> <td align="center"><center>—</center> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" style="background-color:#444; color: white;"><b>Total</b> </th> <th align="center"><b> 4</b> </th> <th align="center"><b>4</b> </th></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div> <p><br /> </p><p>The map below highlights states that held secretary of state elections in 2024 by the party of the winning candidate. <br /> </p><p><iframe title="Secretary of state election results, 2024" aria-label="Map" id="datawrapper-chart-H0m7U" src="https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/H0m7U/1/" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" style="width: 0; min-width: 100% !important; border: none;" height="516" data-external="1"></iframe><script type="text/javascript">!function(){"use strict";window.addEventListener("message",(function(a){if(void 0!==a.data["datawrapper-height"]){var e=document.querySelectorAll("iframe");for(var t in a.data["datawrapper-height"])for(var r=0;r<e.length;r++)if(e[r].contentWindow===a.source){var i=a.data["datawrapper-height"][t]+"px";e[r].style.height=i}}}))}(); </script> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Partisan_balance_of_all_secretaries_of_state">Partisan balance of all secretaries of state</span></h2> <p>Heading into the 2024 elections, there were 26 Republican secretaries of state and 21 Democratic secretaries of state. The table below highlights the partisan balance of all 47 secretaries of state before and after the 2024 elections. </p> <table class="bptable gray" style="width:500px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4">Secretaries of state partisan breakdown (direct elections and appointed positions) </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" valign="bottom" style="background-color:#444; color: white;">Party </th> <th valign="bottom" style="background-color:#666; color: white; width:12em;">As of the 2024 elections </th> <th valign="bottom" style="background-color:#666; color: white; width:12em;">After the 2024 elections </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="26px"><span style="background-color:#00b;">    </span> </td> <td><a href="/Democratic_Party" title="Democratic Party">Democratic Party</a> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">21</span> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">21</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="26px"><span style="background-color:#b00;">    </span> </td> <td><a href="/Republican_Party" title="Republican Party">Republican Party</a> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">26</span> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">26</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="26px"><span style="background-color:#fff;">    </span> </td> <td>Uncalled races </td> <td align="center"><center>—</center> </td> <td align="center"><center>—</center> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" style="background-color:#444; color: white;"><b>Total</b> </th> <th align="center"><b> 47</b> </th> <th align="center"><b>47</b> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p><script type="text/javascript">document.addEventListener('readystatechange', e => { if (document.readyState === 'complete') { if ($(window).width() < 767) { $.each($('.portal-collapse-on-small'), function () { $(this).collapse('hide'); }); } } });</script> </p> <div class="portal-section-collapsible portal-toggle-section"><div class="portal-toggle-container"><a class="portal-toggle-link " role="button" data-toggle="collapse" href="#direct2" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="direct2">Secretaries of state partisan breakdown - direct elections only (click to collapse)</a></div><div class="collapse in" id="direct2"><div class="portal-section"><br /> <table class="bptable gray" style="width:500px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4">Secretaries of state partisan breakdown (direct elections) </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" valign="bottom" style="background-color:#444; color: white;">Party </th> <th valign="bottom" style="background-color:#666; color: white; width:12em;">As of the 2024 elections </th> <th valign="bottom" style="background-color:#666; color: white; width:12em;">After the 2024 elections </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="26px"><span style="background-color:#00b;">    </span> </td> <td><a href="/Democratic_Party" title="Democratic Party">Democratic Party</a> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">16</span> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">16</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="26px"><span style="background-color:#b00;">    </span> </td> <td><a href="/Republican_Party" title="Republican Party">Republican Party</a> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">19</span> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">19</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="26px"><span style="background-color:#fff;">    </span> </td> <td>Uncalled races </td> <td align="center"><center>—</center> </td> <td align="center"><center>—</center> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" style="background-color:#444; color: white;"><b>Total</b> </th> <th align="center"><b> 35</b> </th> <th align="center"><b>35</b> </th></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div> <p><script type="text/javascript">document.addEventListener('readystatechange', e => { if (document.readyState === 'complete') { if ($(window).width() < 767) { $.each($('.portal-collapse-on-small'), function () { $(this).collapse('hide'); }); } } });</script> </p> <div class="portal-section-collapsible portal-toggle-section"><div class="portal-toggle-container"><a class="portal-toggle-link " role="button" data-toggle="collapse" href="#app2" aria-expanded="true" aria-controls="app2">Secretaries of state partisan breakdown - appointed positions only (click to collapse)</a></div><div class="collapse in" id="app2"><div class="portal-section"><br /> <table class="bptable gray" style="width:500px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4">Secretaries of state partisan breakdown (appointed positions) </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" valign="bottom" style="background-color:#444; color: white;">Party </th> <th valign="bottom" style="background-color:#666; color: white; width:12em;">As of the 2024 elections </th> <th valign="bottom" style="background-color:#666; color: white; width:12em;">After the 2024 elections </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="26px"><span style="background-color:#00b;">    </span> </td> <td><a href="/Democratic_Party" title="Democratic Party">Democratic Party</a> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">5</span> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">5</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="26px"><span style="background-color:#b00;">    </span> </td> <td><a href="/Republican_Party" title="Republican Party">Republican Party</a> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">7</span> </td> <td align="center"><span style="color:#333;display:block;text-align:center">7</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" width="26px"><span style="background-color:#fff;">    </span> </td> <td>Uncalled races </td> <td align="center"><center>—</center> </td> <td align="center"><center>—</center> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" style="background-color:#444; color: white;"><b>Total</b> </th> <th align="center"><b> 12</b> </th> <th align="center"><b>12</b> </th></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div> <p><br /> </p><p>The map below highlights each state by the party of its secretary of state once candidates elected in 2024 elections are sworn in. <br /> </p><p><iframe title="Partisan control of secretaries of state after 2024 elections" aria-label="Map" id="datawrapper-chart-4Y89U" src="https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/4Y89U/1/" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" style="width: 0; min-width: 100% !important; border: none;" height="428" data-external="1"></iframe><script type="text/javascript">!function(){"use strict";window.addEventListener("message",(function(a){if(void 0!==a.data["datawrapper-height"]){var e=document.querySelectorAll("iframe");for(var t in a.data["datawrapper-height"])for(var r=0;r<e.length;r++)if(e[r].contentWindow===a.source){var i=a.data["datawrapper-height"][t]+"px";e[r].style.height=i}}}))}(); </script> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Changes_in_triplex_status">Changes in triplex status</span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Triplexes">Triplexes</span></h3> <dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/State_government_triplexes" title="State government triplexes">State government triplexes</a></i></dd></dl><p> A <b>state government triplex</b> is a term used to describe when a state's governor, attorney general, and secretary of state are all members of the same party. </p><p>As of November 28, 2024, there are 25 Republican triplexes, 20 Democratic triplexes, and 5 divided governments where neither party holds triplex control.</p> <p>The following map highlights the change in the triplex status of state governments after the 2024 elections. </p><p><iframe title="Triplex election results, 2024" aria-label="Map" id="datawrapper-chart-Im86X" src="https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/Im86X/1/" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" style="width: 0; min-width: 100% !important; border: none;" height="585" data-external="1"></iframe><script type="text/javascript">!function(){"use strict";window.addEventListener("message",(function(a){if(void 0!==a.data["datawrapper-height"]){var e=document.querySelectorAll("iframe");for(var t in a.data["datawrapper-height"])for(var r=0;r<e.length;r++)if(e[r].contentWindow===a.source){var i=a.data["datawrapper-height"][t]+"px";e[r].style.height=i}}}))}(); </script> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Partisan_control_history">Partisan control history</span></h2> <p>Below is a chart depicting the partisan control history of secretaries of state from 1992 to 2025. </p><p><iframe title="Partisan affiliations of secretaries of state, 1992-2024" aria-label="Interactive line chart" id="datawrapper-chart-QgRTb" src="https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/QgRTb/1/" scrolling="no" frameborder="0" style="width: 0; min-width: 100% !important; border: none;" height="411" data-external="1"></iframe><script type="text/javascript">!function(){"use strict";window.addEventListener("message",(function(a){if(void 0!==a.data["datawrapper-height"]){var e=document.querySelectorAll("iframe");for(var t in a.data["datawrapper-height"])for(var r=0;r<e.length;r++)if(e[r].contentWindow===a.source){var i=a.data["datawrapper-height"][t]+"px";e[r].style.height=i}}}))}(); </script> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Log_of_secretary_of_state_election_results">Log of secretary of state election results</span></h2> <p>This section includes a timeline of secretary of state election results. </p> <div class="container"> <div class="row" style="overflow: auto;"> <div class="col-lg-7 col-md-7 col-sm-7 col-xs-12"><ul class="nav nav-stacked panel-group" id="headertabs-ul"><li class="panel"><a data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#headertabs-ul" href="#tabcalls" style="background:#eee;">Election results (November 5-6, 2024)</a><div id="tabcalls" class="panel-expand collapse"> <p><i>All times Eastern Standard Time</i> </p><p><i>November 6, 2024</i> </p> <ul><li><b>10:01 a.m.</b>: Incumbent <a href="/Christi_Jacobsen" title="Christi Jacobsen">Christi Jacobsen</a> (R) was re-elected secretary of state in <a href="/Montana_Secretary_of_State_election,_2024" title="Montana Secretary of State election, 2024">Montana</a>, defeating <a href="/Jesse_James_Mullen" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesse James Mullen">Jesse James Mullen</a> (D) and <a href="/John_Lamb" title="John Lamb">John Lamb</a> (L).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup></li> <li><b>9:40 a.m.</b>: Incumbent <a href="/Elaine_Marshall" title="Elaine Marshall">Elaine Marshall</a> (D) was re-elected secretary of state in <a href="/North_Carolina_Secretary_of_State_election,_2024" title="North Carolina Secretary of State election, 2024">North Carolina</a>, defeating <a href="/Chad_Brown_(North_Carolina)" title="Chad Brown (North Carolina)">Chad Brown</a> (R).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup></li> <li><b>3:13 a.m.</b>: Incumbent <a href="/Steve_Hobbs_(Washington)" title="Steve Hobbs (Washington)">Steve Hobbs</a> (D) was re-elected secretary of state in <a href="/Washington_Secretary_of_State_election,_2024" title="Washington Secretary of State election, 2024">Washington</a>, defeating <a href="/Dale_Whitaker_(Washington)" title="Dale Whitaker (Washington)">Dale Whitaker</a> (R).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup></li> <li><b>12:07 a.m.</b>: <a href="/Tobias_Read" title="Tobias Read">Tobias Read</a> (D) was elected secretary of state in <a href="/Oregon_Secretary_of_State_election,_2024" title="Oregon Secretary of State election, 2024">Oregon</a>, defeating <a href="/Dennis_Linthicum" title="Dennis Linthicum">Dennis Linthicum</a> (R) and one other.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup></li> <li><b>12:05 a.m.</b>: <a href="/Denny_Hoskins" title="Denny Hoskins">Denny Hoskins</a> (R) was elected secretary of state in <a href="/Missouri_Secretary_of_State_election,_2024" title="Missouri Secretary of State election, 2024">Missouri</a>, defeating <a href="/Barbara_Phifer" title="Barbara Phifer">Barbara Phifer</a> (D) and two others.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup></li></ul> <p><i>November 5, 2024</i> </p> <ul><li><b>11:50 p.m.</b>: Incumbent <a href="/Sarah_Copeland_Hanzas" title="Sarah Copeland Hanzas">Sarah Copeland Hanzas</a> (D) was re-elected secretary of state in <a href="/Vermont_Secretary_of_State_election,_2024" title="Vermont Secretary of State election, 2024">Vermont</a>, defeating <a href="/Brooke_Paige" title="Brooke Paige">Brooke Paige</a> (R).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup></li> <li><b>8:46 p.m.</b>: <a href="/Kris_Warner" title="Kris Warner">Kris Warner</a> (R) was elected secretary of state in <a href="/West_Virginia_Secretary_of_State_election,_2024" title="West Virginia Secretary of State election, 2024">West Virginia</a>, defeating <a href="/Thornton_Cooper" title="Thornton Cooper">Thornton Cooper</a> (D).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup></li></ul> <p><i>Appointing authorities</i> </p> <ul><li>Democrats won majorities in the Maine State <a href="/Maine_State_Senate_elections,_2024" title="Maine State Senate elections, 2024">Senate</a> and <a href="/Maine_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2024" title="Maine House of Representatives elections, 2024">House</a>, retaining appointment authority over the <a href="/Maine_Secretary_of_State" title="Maine Secretary of State">secretary of state</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup></li> <li>Republicans won majorities in the New Hampshire State <a href="/New_Hampshire_State_Senate_elections,_2024" title="New Hampshire State Senate elections, 2024">Senate</a> and <a href="/New_Hampshire_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2024" title="New Hampshire House of Representatives elections, 2024">House</a>, retaining appointment authority over the <a href="/New_Hampshire_Secretary_of_State" title="New Hampshire Secretary of State">secretary of state</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup></li> <li>Democrats retained the governorship and won majorities in the Delaware State <a href="/Delaware_State_Senate_elections,_2024" title="Delaware State Senate elections, 2024">Senate</a> and <a href="/Delaware_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2024" title="Delaware House of Representatives elections, 2024">House</a>, retaining appointment authority over the <a href="/Delaware_Secretary_of_State" title="Delaware Secretary of State">secretary of state</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup></li> <li>Republicans won majorities in the Tennessee State <a href="/Tennessee_State_Senate_elections,_2024" title="Tennessee State Senate elections, 2024">Senate</a> and <a href="/Tennessee_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2024" title="Tennessee House of Representatives elections, 2024">House</a>, retaining appointment authority over the <a href="/Tennessee_Secretary_of_State" title="Tennessee Secretary of State">secretary of state</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p></div></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> </div> </div> </div> <h2><span id="Analysis_of_state_elections.2C_2024"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Analysis_of_state_elections,_2024">Analysis of state elections, 2024</span></h2> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Election_Analysis_Hub,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2024">Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2024</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="State_legislative_elections">State legislative elections</span></h3> <div class="thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:127px;"><a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2024" title="State legislative elections, 2024"><img alt="State Houses-Tile image.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/3/32/State_Houses-Tile_image.png/125px-State_Houses-Tile_image.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="125" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/3/32/State_Houses-Tile_image.png/188px-State_Houses-Tile_image.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/3/32/State_Houses-Tile_image.png/250px-State_Houses-Tile_image.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/File:State_Houses-Tile_image.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div></div></div></div> <dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2024" title="State legislative elections, 2024">State legislative elections, 2024</a></i></dd></dl> <p>In the 50 states, there are <a href="/State_legislature" title="State legislature">99 state legislative chambers</a> altogether. Across 44 states, 85 of those chambers held regular legislative elections in 2024. These elections were for 5,807 of the country's 7,386 state legislative seats (79%). The general election for state legislative races was held on <a href="/Ballotpedia:Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballotpedia:Calendar">November 5, 2024</a>. </p><p>Two state legislative chambers, the <a href="/Michigan_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2024" title="Michigan House of Representatives elections, 2024">Michigan</a> and <a href="/Minnesota_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2024" title="Minnesota House of Representatives elections, 2024">Minnesota</a> state Houses, changed party control following the 2024 general election. Republicans won control of the <a href="/Michigan_House_of_Representatives" title="Michigan House of Representatives">Michigan House</a> from Democrats, and won a tie in the <a href="/Minnesota_House_of_Representatives" title="Minnesota House of Representatives">Minnesota House</a>. </p><p>To learn more about the state legislative races that were on your ballot, <b><a href="/Sample_Ballot_Lookup" title="Sample Ballot Lookup">click here</a></b> to use our Sample Ballot Lookup tool. </p><p>States are also holding <a href="/State_legislative_special_elections,_2024" title="State legislative special elections, 2024">special state legislative elections</a> in 2024 to fill vacant seats. <a href="/State_legislative_special_elections,_2024" title="State legislative special elections, 2024">Click here for more</a>.  </p><div id="div-gpt-ad-1548351706778-0"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1548351706778-0'); }); </script> </div><div id="div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3050" class="publirAds"><script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function(event) { if (event.slot.getSlotElementId() == "div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3050") {googletag.display("div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3050");} });});</script></div><p> In the <a href="/U.S._Territories" title="U.S. Territories">U.S. Territories</a>, seven legislative chambers held regularly scheduled elections for 169 seats in 2024. Elections were held for the <a href="/American_Samoa_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2024" title="American Samoa House of Representatives elections, 2024">American Samoa House of Representatives</a>, the <a href="/Guam_Legislature_elections,_2024" title="Guam Legislature elections, 2024">Guam Legislature</a>, the Puerto Rico <a href="/Puerto_Rico_Senate_elections,_2024" title="Puerto Rico Senate elections, 2024">Senate</a> and <a href="/Puerto_Rico_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2024" title="Puerto Rico House of Representatives elections, 2024">House of Representatives</a>, the Northern Mariana Islands <a href="/Northern_Mariana_Islands_Senate_elections,_2024" title="Northern Mariana Islands Senate elections, 2024">Senate</a> and <a href="/Northern_Mariana_Islands_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2024" title="Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives elections, 2024">House of Representatives</a>, and the <a href="/U.S._Virgin_Islands_Legislature_elections,_2024" title="U.S. Virgin Islands Legislature elections, 2024">U.S. Virgin Islands Legislature</a>. </p><p class="mw-empty-elt"></p><p>As of <b>November 28th, 2024</b>, Republicans controlled <b>54.98%</b> of all state legislative seats nationally, while Democrats held <b>44.11%</b>. Republicans held a majority in <b>56</b> chambers, and Democrats held the majority in <b>41</b> chambers. <b>Two</b> chambers (<a href="/Alaska_House_of_Representatives" title="Alaska House of Representatives">Alaska House</a> and <a href="/Alaska_State_Senate" title="Alaska State Senate">Alaska Senate</a>) were organized under multipartisan, power-sharing coalitions. </p> <center> <table class="bptable" cellspacing="10" cellpadding="10" border="0" style="margin:auto; width:50%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="9" style="background-color:#2B2B2B; color: white;">Partisan balance of all 7,386 state legislative seats </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#444; color: white;">Legislative chamber </th> <th style="background-color:#444; color: white;"><a href="/Democratic_Party" title="Democratic Party"><img alt="Democratic Party" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/d/d4/Electiondot.png" width="18" height="18" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> </th> <th style="background-color:#444; color: white;"><a href="/Republican_Party" title="Republican Party"><img alt="Republican Party" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/f/fd/Ends.png" width="18" height="18" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> </th> <th style="background-color:#444; color: white;"><a href="/File:Grey.png" class="image"><img alt="Grey.png" src="https://cdn.ballotpedia.org/images/a/a7/Grey.png" width="18" height="18" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a> Other </th> <th style="background-color:#444; color: white;">Vacant </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/Partisan_composition_of_state_senates" title="Partisan composition of state senates">State senates</a> </td> <td align="center">837 </td> <td align="center">1,117 </td> <td align="center">3 </td> <td align="center">16 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/Partisan_composition_of_state_houses" title="Partisan composition of state houses">State houses</a> </td> <td align="center">2,421 </td> <td align="center">2,944 </td> <td align="center">19 </td> <td align="center">29 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right" style="background-color:#444; color: white;"><b>Total:</b> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#444; color: white;"><b>3,258</b> <p><b></b> </p> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#444; color: white;"><b>4,061</b> <p><b></b> </p> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#444; color: white;"><b>22</b> <p><b></b> </p> </td> <td align="center" style="background-color:#444; color: white;"><b>45</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </center> <p><br /> </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Featured_analysis">Featured analysis</span></h4> <ul><li><b><a href="/Election_results,_2022:_State_legislative_seats_that_changed_party_control" title="Election results, 2022: State legislative seats that changed party control">State legislative seats that changed party control in 2022</a></b>: As a result of the Nov. 8, 2022, elections, partisan composition of all 7,386 state legislative seats changed by less than half a percentage point. <b style="color:#334aab">Democrats</b> had a net loss of six seats, representing 0.1% of all state legislative seats. <b style="color:#ab333f">Republicans</b> had a net gain of 28 seats, representing 0.4% of all state legislative seats.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup> <b style="color:#727272">Independents and minor party officeholders</b> had a net loss of <b>20 seats</b>, representing 0.2% of all state legislative seats.</li> <li><b><a href="/Annual_State_Legislative_Competitiveness_Report:_Vol._12,_2022" title="Annual State Legislative Competitiveness Report: Vol. 12, 2022">Annual State Legislative Competitiveness Report: Vol. 12, 2022</a></b>: Competitiveness refers to the presence of choice throughout the election cycle. A greater level of competitiveness means voters have the ability to make more decisions. A lower level of competitiveness equals fewer choices. State legislative competitiveness in 2022 reached its highest level compared to all even-year election cycles since 2010. In 2022, the nationwide State Legislative Competitiveness Index is 36.2, beating out 2018 (36.1) and the 2012 post-redistricting cycle (35.2).</li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="More_related_analysis">More related analysis</span></h4> <p>Tap the box below to show more analysis articles related to the 2024 state legislative elections. </p><p><script type="text/javascript">document.addEventListener('readystatechange', e => { if (document.readyState === 'complete') { if ($(window).width() < 767) { $.each($('.portal-collapse-on-small'), function () { $(this).collapse('hide'); }); } } });</script> </p> <div class="portal-section-collapsible portal-toggle-section"><div class="portal-toggle-container"><a class="portal-toggle-link collapsed" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" href="#stateleg" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="stateleg">Click here to view more related articles</a></div><div class="collapse" id="stateleg"><div class="portal-section"><br /> <ul><li><a href="/Annual_State_Legislative_Competitiveness_Report:_Vol._14,_2024" title="Annual State Legislative Competitiveness Report: Vol. 14, 2024">Annual Competitiveness Report</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_special_elections,_2024" title="State legislative special elections, 2024">State legislative special elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Primary_election_competitiveness_in_state_and_federal_government,_2024" title="Primary election competitiveness in state and federal government, 2024">Primary election competitiveness in state and federal government, 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Impact_of_term_limits_on_state_legislative_elections_in_2024" title="Impact of term limits on state legislative elections in 2024">Impact of term limits</a></li> <li><a href="/Open_seats_in_state_legislative_elections,_2024" title="Open seats in state legislative elections, 2024">Open seats</a></li> <li><a href="/Contested_state_legislative_primaries,_2024" title="Contested state legislative primaries, 2024">Contested primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_incumbents_in_contested_primaries,_2024" title="State legislative incumbents in contested primaries, 2024">Incumbents in contested primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/Incumbents_defeated_in_state_legislative_elections,_2024" title="Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections, 2024">Data on incumbents defeated in 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Major_party_competition_in_state_legislative_elections,_2024" title="Major party competition in state legislative elections, 2024">Major party competition</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_incumbents_without_general_election_challengers,_2024" title="State legislative incumbents without general election challengers, 2024">Unconstested incumbents</a></li> <li><a href="/Trifecta_vulnerability_in_the_2024_elections" title="Trifecta vulnerability in the 2024 elections">Trifecta vulnerability in the 2024 elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Candidates_with_the_same_last_names,_2024" title="Candidates with the same last names, 2024">Candidates with the same last names, 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Rematches_in_2024_general_elections" title="Rematches in 2024 general elections">Rematches in 2024 general elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Top_15_Elections_to_Watch,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Top 15 Elections to Watch, 2024">Ballotpedia's Top 15 Elections to Watch, 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Trends_in_the_margins_of_victory_for_incumbents_of_three_or_more_terms,_2018-2024" title="Trends in the margins of victory for incumbents of three or more terms, 2018-2024">Trends in the margins of victory for incumbents of three or more terms, 2018-2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislative_veto-proof_majorities" title="Election results, 2024: State legislative veto-proof majorities">Election results, 2024: State legislative veto-proof majorities</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Wave_elections" title="Election results, 2024: Wave elections">Wave election analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Incumbent_win_rates_by_state" title="Election results, 2024: Incumbent win rates by state">Election results, 2024: Incumbent win rates by state</a></li></ul></div></div></div> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="State_executive_elections">State executive elections</span></h3> <div class="thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:127px;"><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2024" title="State executive official elections, 2024"><img alt="State-capitol-utah.jpg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/8/86/State-capitol-utah.jpg/125px-State-capitol-utah.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="125" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/8/86/State-capitol-utah.jpg/188px-State-capitol-utah.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/8/86/State-capitol-utah.jpg/250px-State-capitol-utah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3017" data-file-height="3017" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/File:State-capitol-utah.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div></div></div></div> <dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2024" title="State executive official elections, 2024">State executive official elections, 2024</a></i></dd></dl> <p>State executive offices up for election in 2024 included 11 <a href="/Gubernatorial_elections,_2024" title="Gubernatorial elections, 2024">gubernatorial seats</a>, nine <a href="/Lieutenant_gubernatorial_elections,_2024" title="Lieutenant gubernatorial elections, 2024">lieutenant gubernatorial seats</a>, 10 <a href="/Attorney_General_elections,_2024" title="Attorney General elections, 2024">attorney general seats</a>, and seven <a href="/Secretary_of_State_elections,_2024" title="Secretary of State elections, 2024">secretary of state seats</a>. Including down-ballot races, there were 167 state executive seats up for election across 30 states in 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2022" title="State executive official elections, 2022">2022</a>, 307 state executive offices were up for election across 44 states. Twenty offices changed party control, including two previously held Republican lieutenant governorships that changed parties because the governor and lieutenant governor ran on a joint ticket. Of the 18 offices which changed partisan control due to direct election, 10 switched from Democrat to Republican, seven switched from Republican to Democrat, and one nonpartisan official was succeeded by a Republican. A total of 26 incumbents seeking re-election to state executive offices were defeated, with 10 of those losing in the general election and 16 losing in their party's primary or nominating convention. </p> <h4><span id="Featured_analysis_.28from_2022.29"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Featured_analysis_(from_2022)">Featured analysis (from 2022)</span></h4> <ul><li><b><a href="/Trifecta_vulnerability_in_the_2022_elections" title="Trifecta vulnerability in the 2022 elections">Trifecta vulnerability in the 2022 elections</a></b>: Thirteen state government trifectas were vulnerable in the 2022 elections, according to Ballotpedia's annual trifecta vulnerability ratings. Democrats defended seven vulnerable trifectas and Republicans defended six. A state government trifecta occurs when one party holds the governorship and majorities in both chambers of the state legislature. At the time of the 2022 elections, there were 37 <a href="/State_government_trifectas" title="State government trifectas">state government trifectas</a>: 23 Republican trifectas and 14 Democratic trifectas. The remaining 13 states had a divided government where neither party had a trifecta.</li> <li><b><a href="/State_government_triplexes" title="State government triplexes">State government triplexes</a></b>: Heading into the November 8 elections, there were 23 Republican triplexes, 18 Democratic triplexes, and 9 divided governments where neither party held triplex control. A state government triplex is a term to describe when one political party holds the following three positions in a state's government: <a href="/Governor_(state_executive_office)" title="Governor (state executive office)">governor</a>, <a href="/Attorney_General_(state_executive_office)" title="Attorney General (state executive office)">attorney general</a>, and <a href="/Secretary_of_State_(state_executive_office)" title="Secretary of State (state executive office)">secretary of state</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup> In states where the attorney general or secretary of state are appointed by the governor, Ballotpedia considers the office to be held by the governor's party for the purposes of defining triplexes.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/Annual_State_Executive_Competitiveness_Report,_2022" title="Annual State Executive Competitiveness Report, 2022">Annual State Executive Competitiveness Report</a></b>: Ballotpedia's 2022 study of competitiveness in <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2022" title="State executive official elections, 2022">state executive official elections</a> found that 37.1% of incumbents did not seek re-election, leaving those offices open. This was higher than in 2020 (35.6%) and 2014 (32.7%) but lower than in 2018 (38.6%) and 2016 (45.2%). The decade average for open offices was 37.8%.</li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="More_related_analysis_2">More related analysis</span></h4> <p>Tap the box below to show more analysis articles related to the 2024 state executive elections. </p><p><script type="text/javascript">document.addEventListener('readystatechange', e => { if (document.readyState === 'complete') { if ($(window).width() < 767) { $.each($('.portal-collapse-on-small'), function () { $(this).collapse('hide'); }); } } });</script> </p> <div class="portal-section-collapsible portal-toggle-section"><div class="portal-toggle-container"><a class="portal-toggle-link collapsed" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" href="#stateexec" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="stateexec">Click here to view more related articles</a></div><div class="collapse" id="stateexec"><div class="portal-section"><br /> <ul><li><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2024" title="State executive official elections, 2024">State executive official elections overview</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_executive_officials" title="Election results, 2024: State executive officials">State executive officials election results</a></li> <li><a href="/Primary_election_competitiveness_in_state_and_federal_government,_2024" title="Primary election competitiveness in state and federal government, 2024">Primary election competitiveness in state and federal government, 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Gubernatorial_elections,_2024" title="Gubernatorial elections, 2024">Gubernatorial elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Split-ticket_states_in_the_2024_presidential_and_gubernatorial_elections" title="Election results, 2024: Split-ticket states in the 2024 presidential and gubernatorial elections">Split-ticket states in the 2024 presidential and gubernatorial elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Secretary_of_State_elections,_2024" title="Secretary of State elections, 2024">Secretary of State elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Attorney_General_elections,_2024" title="Attorney General elections, 2024">Attorney General elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Historical_and_potential_changes_in_trifectas" title="Historical and potential changes in trifectas">Historical and potential changes in trifectas</a></li> <li><a href="/State_government_trifectas" title="State government trifectas">State government trifectas</a></li> <li><a href="/Endorsements_of_school_board_members_by_state_executive_officeholders_and_candidates,_2024" title="Endorsements of school board members by state executive officeholders and candidates, 2024">Endorsements of school board members by state executive officeholders and candidates, 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Impact_of_term_limits_on_state_executive_elections_in_2024" title="Impact of term limits on state executive elections in 2024">Impact of term limits on state executive elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Rematches_in_2024_general_elections" title="Rematches in 2024 general elections">Rematches in 2024 general elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Veto-proof_state_legislatures_and_opposing_party_governors_in_the_2024_elections" title="Veto-proof state legislatures and opposing party governors in the 2024 elections">Veto-proof state legislatures and opposing party governors</a></li> <li><a href="/Trends_in_the_margins_of_victory_for_incumbents_of_three_or_more_terms,_2018-2024" title="Trends in the margins of victory for incumbents of three or more terms, 2018-2024">Trends in the margins of victory for incumbents of three or more terms, 2018-2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Top_15_Elections_to_Watch,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Top 15 Elections to Watch, 2024">Ballotpedia's Top 15 Elections to Watch, 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Wave_elections" title="Election results, 2024: Wave elections">Wave election analysis</a></li></ul></div></div></div> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="State_judicial_elections">State judicial elections</span></h3> <div class="thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:127px;"><a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2024" title="State judicial elections, 2024"><img alt="Gavel-square.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/d/d0/Gavel-square.png/125px-Gavel-square.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="125" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/d/d0/Gavel-square.png/188px-Gavel-square.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/d/d0/Gavel-square.png/250px-Gavel-square.png 2x" data-file-width="327" data-file-height="327" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/File:Gavel-square.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div></div></div></div> <dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2024" title="State judicial elections, 2024">State judicial elections, 2024</a></i></dd></dl> <p><b>A total of 305 appellate court seats were up for election in 2024.</b> The seats included: </p> <ul><li><b>82</b> supreme court seats.</li> <li><b>223</b> intermediate appellate court seats.</li></ul> <p>Ballotpedia provided coverage of <a href="/State_supreme_court_elections,_2024" title="State supreme court elections, 2024">supreme court</a> and <a href="/State_intermediate_appellate_court_elections,_2024" title="State intermediate appellate court elections, 2024">intermediate appellate court</a> elections, as well as <a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2024" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2024">local trial court</a> elections for judges within the <a href="/Largest_cities_in_the_United_States_by_population" title="Largest cities in the United States by population">100 largest cities in the United States</a> as measured by population. </p><p>In addition, in the <a href="/U.S._Territories" title="U.S. Territories">U.S. Territories</a>, four judges were on the ballot in retention elections in 2024. One judge on the <a href="/Guam_Supreme_Court_elections,_2024" title="Guam Supreme Court elections, 2024">Guam Supreme Court</a>, two on the <a href="/Guam_Superior_Court_elections,_2024" title="Guam Superior Court elections, 2024">Guam Superior Court</a>, and one on the <a href="/Northern_Mariana_Islands_Superior_Court_elections,_2024" title="Northern Mariana Islands Superior Court elections, 2024">Northern Mariana Islands Superior Court</a> stood for retention to remain on the bench. </p> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Featured_analysis_2">Featured analysis</span></h4> <ul><li><b><a href="/Ballotpedia_Courts:_State_Partisanship" title="Ballotpedia Courts: State Partisanship">Partisanship of state supreme court judges</a></b>: In June 2020, Ballotpedia conducted a study into the partisanship of state supreme court justices. The study placed each justice into one of five categories indicating confidence in their affiliations with either the Democratic or Republican Parties. These categories were Strong Democratic, Mild Democratic, Indeterminate, Mild Republican, and Strong Republican.</li></ul> <h4><span class="mw-headline" id="More_related_analysis_3">More related analysis</span></h4> <p>Tap the box below to show more analysis articles related to the 2024 state judicial elections. </p><p><script type="text/javascript">document.addEventListener('readystatechange', e => { if (document.readyState === 'complete') { if ($(window).width() < 767) { $.each($('.portal-collapse-on-small'), function () { $(this).collapse('hide'); }); } } });</script> </p> <div class="portal-section-collapsible portal-toggle-section"><div class="portal-toggle-container"><a class="portal-toggle-link collapsed" role="button" data-toggle="collapse" href="#statejud" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="statejud">Click here to view more related articles</a></div><div class="collapse" id="statejud"><div class="portal-section"><br /> <ul><li><a href="/State_supreme_court_elections,_2024" title="State supreme court elections, 2024">State supreme court elections, 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2024" title="State judicial elections, 2024">State judicial elections, 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Top_15_Elections_to_Watch,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Top 15 Elections to Watch, 2024">Ballotpedia's Top 15 Elections to Watch, 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Trends_in_the_margins_of_victory_for_incumbents_of_three_or_more_terms,_2018-2024" title="Trends in the margins of victory for incumbents of three or more terms, 2018-2024">Trends in the margins of victory for incumbents of three or more terms, 2018-2024</a></li></ul></div></div></div> <p><br /> </p> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1548351761485-0"><script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display("div-gpt-ad-1548351761485-0"); });</script></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span></h2> <ul><li><a href="/Secretary_of_State_elections,_2024" title="Secretary of State elections, 2024">Secretary of State elections, 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024" title="Election results, 2024">Election results, 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Governors" title="Election results, 2024: Governors">Election results, 2024: Governors</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_government_triplexes" title="Election results, 2024: State government triplexes">Election results, 2024: State government triplexes</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislatures" title="Election results, 2024: State legislatures">Election results, 2024: State legislatures</a></li> <li><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2024" title="State executive official elections, 2024">State executive official elections, 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/State_government_triplexes" title="State government triplexes">State government triplexes</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Election_coverage_by_office">Election coverage by office</span></h2> <center><b>Click the tiles below to navigate to 2024 election coverage:</b></center> <ul data-component="" class="bp-css-grid grid-autofit bp-full bp-center-grid elevated" style="--min: 30ch; --columns: 3; --gap: 2rem;"><li class="bp-card-component"><div class="card-image-container"><img alt="U.S. Senate" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/4/44/Us-capitol-congress.jpg/300px-Us-capitol-congress.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/4/44/Us-capitol-congress.jpg/450px-Us-capitol-congress.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/4/44/Us-capitol-congress.jpg/600px-Us-capitol-congress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3322" data-file-height="3321" /></div><div class="card-body"><div class="card-title">U.S. Senate</div></div><div class="card-actions"><a href="/United_States_Senate_elections,_2024" title="United States Senate elections, 2024">Read More</a></div></li><li class="bp-card-component"><div class="card-image-container"><img alt="U.S. House" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0d/D.C._statehood-Tile_Image.jpg/300px-D.C._statehood-Tile_Image.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0d/D.C._statehood-Tile_Image.jpg/450px-D.C._statehood-Tile_Image.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/0/0d/D.C._statehood-Tile_Image.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></div><div class="card-body"><div class="card-title">U.S. House</div></div><div class="card-actions"><a href="/United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2024" title="United States House of Representatives elections, 2024">Read More</a></div></li><li class="bp-card-component"><div class="card-image-container"><img alt="Governors" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/8/86/State-capitol-utah.jpg/300px-State-capitol-utah.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/8/86/State-capitol-utah.jpg/450px-State-capitol-utah.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/8/86/State-capitol-utah.jpg/600px-State-capitol-utah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3017" data-file-height="3017" /></div><div class="card-body"><div class="card-title">Governors</div></div><div class="card-actions"><a href="/Gubernatorial_elections,_2024" title="Gubernatorial elections, 2024">Read More</a></div></li><li class="bp-card-component"><div class="card-image-container"><img alt="Secretary of state" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/b/bd/Businessman_businesswoman_buildings_hire.jpg/300px-Businessman_businesswoman_buildings_hire.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/b/bd/Businessman_businesswoman_buildings_hire.jpg/450px-Businessman_businesswoman_buildings_hire.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/b/bd/Businessman_businesswoman_buildings_hire.jpg/600px-Businessman_businesswoman_buildings_hire.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></div><div class="card-body"><div class="card-title">Secretary of state</div></div><div class="card-actions"><a href="/Secretary_of_State_elections,_2024" title="Secretary of State elections, 2024">Read More</a></div></li><li class="bp-card-component"><div class="card-image-container"><img alt="Attorney general" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/26/State-capitol-wisconsin.jpg/300px-State-capitol-wisconsin.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/26/State-capitol-wisconsin.jpg/450px-State-capitol-wisconsin.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/2/26/State-capitol-wisconsin.jpg/600px-State-capitol-wisconsin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2652" data-file-height="2652" /></div><div class="card-body"><div class="card-title">Attorney general</div></div><div class="card-actions"><a href="/Attorney_General_elections,_2024" title="Attorney General elections, 2024">Read More</a></div></li><li class="bp-card-component"><div class="card-image-container"><img alt="Other state executives" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/c/c2/CT_State_Capitol.png/300px-CT_State_Capitol.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/c/c2/CT_State_Capitol.png/450px-CT_State_Capitol.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/c/c2/CT_State_Capitol.png/600px-CT_State_Capitol.png 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="768" /></div><div class="card-body"><div class="card-title">Other state executives</div></div><div class="card-actions"><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2024" title="State executive official elections, 2024">Read More</a></div></li><li class="bp-card-component"><div class="card-image-container"><img alt="State legislatures" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/3/32/State_Houses-Tile_image.png/300px-State_Houses-Tile_image.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/3/32/State_Houses-Tile_image.png/450px-State_Houses-Tile_image.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/3/32/State_Houses-Tile_image.png/600px-State_Houses-Tile_image.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></div><div class="card-body"><div class="card-title">State legislatures</div></div><div class="card-actions"><a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2024" title="State legislative elections, 2024">Read More</a></div></li><li class="bp-card-component"><div class="card-image-container"><img alt="State ballot measures" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/e/e7/Polling-place-sign.jpg/300px-Polling-place-sign.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/e/e7/Polling-place-sign.jpg/450px-Polling-place-sign.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/e/e7/Polling-place-sign.jpg/600px-Polling-place-sign.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2832" data-file-height="2832" /></div><div class="card-body"><div class="card-title">State ballot measures</div></div><div class="card-actions"><a href="/2024_ballot_measures" title="2024 ballot measures">Read More</a></div></li><li class="bp-card-component"><div class="card-image-container"><img alt="Local ballot measures" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/4/49/Vote_Poster.jpg/300px-Vote_Poster.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="479" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/4/49/Vote_Poster.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="349" data-file-height="557" /></div><div class="card-body"><div class="card-title">Local ballot measures</div></div><div class="card-actions"><a href="/Local_ballot_measure_elections_in_2024" title="Local ballot measure elections in 2024">Read More</a></div></li><li class="bp-card-component"><div class="card-image-container"><img alt="State judges" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/b/b4/Court_steps.jpeg/300px-Court_steps.jpeg" decoding="async" width="300" height="400" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/b/b4/Court_steps.jpeg/450px-Court_steps.jpeg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/b/b4/Court_steps.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></div><div class="card-body"><div class="card-title">State judges</div></div><div class="card-actions"><a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2024" title="State judicial elections, 2024">Read More</a></div></li><li class="bp-card-component"><div class="card-image-container"><img alt="Local judges" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/d/d0/Gavel-square.png/300px-Gavel-square.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/d/d0/Gavel-square.png 1.5x" data-file-width="327" data-file-height="327" /></div><div class="card-body"><div class="card-title">Local judges</div></div><div class="card-actions"><a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2024" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2024">Read More</a></div></li><li class="bp-card-component"><div class="card-image-container"><img alt="Municipal government" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/f9/Local-politics-square.png/300px-Local-politics-square.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/f/f9/Local-politics-square.png 1.5x" data-file-width="406" data-file-height="406" /></div><div class="card-body"><div class="card-title">Municipal government</div></div><div class="card-actions"><a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2024" title="United States municipal elections, 2024">Read More</a></div></li><li class="bp-card-component"><div class="card-image-container"><img alt="School boards" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0f/School-books.jpg/300px-School-books.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0f/School-books.jpg/450px-School-books.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0f/School-books.jpg/600px-School-books.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3998" data-file-height="3998" /></div><div class="card-body"><div class="card-title">School boards</div></div><div class="card-actions"><a href="/School_board_elections,_2024" title="School board elections, 2024">Read More</a></div></li><li class="bp-card-component"><div class="card-image-container"><img alt="Recalls" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/6/66/Media_interview_-_Journalists_surrounding_VIP-Tile_Image.jpg/300px-Media_interview_-_Journalists_surrounding_VIP-Tile_Image.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/6/66/Media_interview_-_Journalists_surrounding_VIP-Tile_Image.jpg/450px-Media_interview_-_Journalists_surrounding_VIP-Tile_Image.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/6/66/Media_interview_-_Journalists_surrounding_VIP-Tile_Image.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></div><div class="card-body"><div class="card-title">Recalls</div></div><div class="card-actions"><a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2024" title="Political recall efforts, 2024">Read More</a></div></li></ul><style> /* Reset margin and padding */ .mw-content-ltr ul.bp-css-grid p, .mw-content-ltr ul.bp-css-grid { margin: 0; padding: 0; } .mw-content-ltr ul.grid-autofit { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr; grid-gap: 2rem; list-style: none; } @media (min-width: 576px) { .mw-content-ltr ul.grid-autofit { grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(var(--min), 1fr)); } .bp-side .bp-card-component { display: flex; flex-direction: initial; } } .bp-card-component > :not(.card-image-container) { text-wrap: pretty; } .card-actions a { transition: all 0.3s ease; } /** vars **/ .bp-card-component { --img-ratio: 3/2; } .bp-card-component > .card-image-container > img { aspect-ratio: var(--img-ratio); } .mw-content-ltr ul.bp-css-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(var(--min), 1fr)); gap: var(--gap); justify-content: center; max-width: calc(var(--columns) * var(--min) + (var(--columns) - 1) * var(--gap)); align-content: center; align-items: center; margin: 2rem 1rem; } .mw-content-ltr ul.bp-css-grid.bp-center-grid { margin: 2rem auto !important; } </style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9946451">.mw-parser-output .grid{display:grid}@media(min-width:1600px){.mw-parser-output .grid{place-items:center;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .mw-content-ltr ul.grid-autofit{max-width:1200px}}.mw-parser-output .bp-card-component{display:flex;flex-direction:column;border-radius:1rem;background-color:#ffffff;transition:transform 0.3s ease,box-shadow 0.3s ease;overflow:hidden;position:relative;background-clip:border-box}.mw-parser-output .bp-card-component.clickable:hover{transform:translateY(-2px)}.mw-parser-output .bp-card-component>.card-image-container>img{object-fit:cover;width:100%;border-radius:1rem 1rem 0 0;transition:transform 0.3s ease}.mw-parser-output .bp-card-component:hover .card-image-container>img{transform:scale(1.1)translateY(-5%)}.mw-parser-output .bp-card-component>:not(.card-image-container){margin-left:2rem;margin-right:2rem}.mw-parser-output .bp-card-component>:not(.card-image-container):first-child{margin-top:1rem}.mw-parser-output .bp-card-component>:last-of-type:not(.card-image-container){margin-bottom:2rem}.mw-parser-output .elevated .bp-card-component{box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.1),0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.06)}.mw-parser-output .elevated .bp-card-component:hover{box-shadow:0 10px 15px rgba(0,0,0,0.1),0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.06)}.mw-parser-output .elevated .bp-card-component:active{box-shadow:0 5px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.2),0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,0.12);transform:scale(0.98)}.mw-parser-output .elevated .bp-card-component.selected{box-shadow:0 15px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.15),0 5px 10px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);border:2px solid #6200ea}.mw-parser-output .filled .bp-card-component{background:#f5f5f5}.mw-parser-output .filled .bp-card-component:hover{background:#ebebeb}.mw-parser-output .filled .bp-card-component:active{background:#d5d5d5}.mw-parser-output .filled .bp-card-component.selected{background:#e8eaf6;border:2px solid #6200ea}.mw-parser-output .outlined .bp-card-component{outline:1px solid #ddd}.mw-parser-output .outlined .bp-card-component:hover{outline:1px solid #bbb}.mw-parser-output .outlined .bp-card-component:active{outline:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .outlined .bp-card-component.selected{outline:2px solid #6200ea}.mw-parser-output .card-title{display:block;font-size:1.9rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1.375;color:#334155;margin:0;padding-top:1.25rem}.mw-parser-output .card-text{display:block;font-size:1.6rem;line-height:1.5;color:#333;padding-top:2rem}.mw-parser-output .card-subhead{font-size:1.6rem;font-weight:400;color:#717171;padding-top:0.25rem}.mw-parser-output .card-actions{padding-top:3rem;display:flex;justify-content:flex-end;gap:8px}.mw-parser-output .card-actions a{text-transform:uppercase;display:inline-block;cursor:pointer;user-select:none;border-radius:2rem;background-color:#eff5ff;border:1px solid #bdbddb;padding:0.75rem 1.5rem;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:1.2rem;color:#333;transition:all 0.3s ease}.mw-parser-output .card-actions a:hover,.mw-parser-output .card-actions a:focus{text-decoration:none;color:#fff;background-color:#29394d;transform:translateY(-2px);box-shadow:0 10px 15px rgba(31,41,55,0.2),0 4px 6px rgba(31,41,55,0.2)}.mw-parser-output .card-actions a:active{opacity:0.85;box-shadow:none}.mw-parser-output .card-actions a:disabled{opacity:0.5;box-shadow:none}.mw-parser-output .bp-round .card-image-container{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;overflow:hidden;padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .bp-round .card-image-container img{width:100%;height:auto;transition:transform 0.3s ease}.mw-parser-output .bp-round .card-image-container .icon-container-sm,.mw-parser-output .bp-round .card-image-container .icon-container-md,.mw-parser-output .bp-round .card-image-container .icon-container-lg,.mw-parser-output .bp-round .card-image-container .icon-container-xl,.mw-parser-output .bp-round .card-image-container .icon-container-xxl{border-radius:50%;border:2px solid #ffffff;box-shadow:0 4px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .card-image-container{background-clip:border-box;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .bp-full .card-image-container img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;opacity:0;animation:fadeIn 1s ease-in-out forwards}.mw-parser-output .bp-full .card-image-container::before{content:"";position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%}@keyframes shimmer{0%{background-position:-100%0}100%{background-position:100%0}}@keyframes fadeIn{to{opacity:1}}.mw-parser-output .bp-round .card-title,.mw-parser-output .bp-round .card-subhead,.mw-parser-output .bp-icon-center .card-title,.mw-parser-output .bp-icon-center .card-subhead,.mw-parser-output .bp-icon-center .card-text{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .bp-round .card-subhead{padding:0.5rem 0 1rem 0}.mw-parser-output .bp-round .card-text{border-top:2px solid #F0A236}.mw-parser-output .bp-round .bp-card-component:hover img{box-shadow:0 10px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.15),0 6px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.10)}.mw-parser-output .bp-round .bp-card-component:hover .card-image-container{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .bp-icon .card-image-container,.mw-parser-output .bp-icon-center .card-image-container{display:flex;margin-top:2rem;margin-left:2rem;margin-right:2rem;padding:1rem 0}.mw-parser-output .bp-icon .card-title,.mw-parser-output .bp-text .card-title,.mw-parser-output .bp-icon-center .card-title{font-size:1.7rem}.mw-parser-output .bp-icon-center .card-image-container{display:flex;justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .bp-icon-center .icon-container-sm{width:5em;height:5em;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .bp-text .card-subhead{font-size:1.5rem}.mw-parser-output .bp-icon .card-text{font-size:1.6rem;padding-top:1rem}.mw-parser-output .bp-icon .card-actions{padding-top:3rem}.mw-parser-output .card-title+.card-text{font-size:1.5rem;padding-top:1rem}.mw-parser-output li.clickable .card-title{color:#5f96c5}.mw-parser-output .card-footer{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-between;padding-top:3rem;font-size:1.2rem;text-transform:uppercase}.mw-parser-output .card-footer-left,.mw-parser-output .card-footer-right{display:flex;flex:1;gap:1rem;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .card-footer-left{justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .card-footer-right{justify-content:flex-end}.mw-parser-output .bp-card-component:hover .card-footer-right{font-weight:600}.mw-parser-output li.bp-card-component.clickable:focus{outline:2px solid #222222;transform:translateY(-2px)}.mw-parser-output li.bp-card-component.clickable:focus .card-footer-right{font-weight:600}.mw-parser-output li.bp-card-component.clickable:focus .card-title{color:#23527c}.mw-parser-output li.bp-card-component:hover .fa-long-arrow-right,.mw-parser-output li.bp-card-component:focus .fa-long-arrow-right{animation:moveRight 0.5s cubic-bezier(.25,.46,.45,.94)infinite alternate both}@keyframes moveRight{0%{transform:translateY(0)}100%{transform:translateX(50%)}}.mw-parser-output .icon-container-sm{width:2.5em;height:2.5em;justify-content:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .icon-container-md{width:5em;height:5em;justify-content:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .icon-container-lg{width:6.875em;height:6.875em;justify-content:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .icon-container-xl{width:9.5em;height:9.5em;justify-content:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .icon-container-xxl{width:10em;height:10em;justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .bp-card-component{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:space-between;height:100%}.mw-parser-output .card-body{flex-grow:1}.mw-parser-output .card-actions{margin-top:auto}.mw-parser-output .bp-card-component.clickable:hover .card-title{color:#23527c}.mw-parser-output .bp-side .card-image-container{flex:0 0 auto;padding:2rem}.mw-parser-output .icon-container-sm{width:4em;height:3.25em;justify-content:center;display:flex;background:#ededed;padding:.5rem;border-radius:.5rem}.mw-parser-output .card-text ul{margin:0;padding:1rem 2.5rem}.mw-parser-output .bp-round.bp-side .card-title,.mw-parser-output .bp-round.bp-side .card-subhead{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .card-body blockquote{font-size:1.6rem;padding:0 3.5rem 1rem 4rem;display:inline-block;position:relative;box-sizing:border-box;quotes:"“""”""‘""’";margin:0;border:none}.mw-parser-output .card-body blockquote::before{font-size:5rem;content:open-quote;position:absolute;left:10px;top:-18px}.mw-parser-output .card-body blockquote::after{font-size:5rem;content:close-quote;position:absolute;right:10px;bottom:-35px}.mw-parser-output .card-body blockquote+span{font-size:1.4rem;color:#737373;text-decoration:none;float:right;padding-top:3rem}.mw-parser-output .bp-round.bp-side .card-image-container{align-items:flex-start}</style> <p><br /> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Footnotes">Footnotes</span></h2> <p> <script type="text/javascript"> if(document.getElementsByClassName("reference").length==0) if(document.getElementById('Footnotes')!==null) document.getElementById('Footnotes').parentNode.style.display = 'none'; </script> </p> <div class="references-small"><div class="mobile-columns"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.kulr8.com/elections/jacobsen-reelected-for-montana-secretary-of-state/article_f1864f71-e3c8-5e0f-8cd0-fb5f4589b87c.html"><i>KULR 8</i>, "Jacobsen reelected for Montana Secretary of State," November 6, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://nsjonline.com/article/2024/11/democrat-elaine-marshall-wins-reelection-again-as-secretary-of-state/"><i>North State Journal</i>, "Democrat Elaine Marshall wins reelection again as secretary of state," November 6, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://komonews.com/news/politics/washington-secretary-of-state-race-election-vote-steve-hobbs-dave-whitaker-chief-elections-officer-early-initial-results-win-lose-leading-lieutenant-governor"><i>KOMO News</i>, "Steve Hobbs wins Washington secretary of state race," November 6, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/TobiasRead/status/1854027767672906030"><i>X</i>, "Tobias Read," November 6, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.kansascity.com/news/politics-government/article294503424.html"><i>The Kansas City Star</i>, "Republican Denny Hoskins wins race for Missouri secretary of state as GOP holds office," November 6, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external free" href="https://www.wcax.com/2024/11/06/copeland-hanzas-wins-2nd-term-vt-secretary-state/">https://www.wcax.com/2024/11/06/copeland-hanzas-wins-2nd-term-vt-secretary-state/</a> <i>WCAX 3</i>, "Copeland Hanzas wins 2nd term as Vt. secretary of state," November 5, 2024]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://westvirginiawatch.com/2024/11/05/economic-development-authority-director-kris-warner-wins-west-virginia-secretary-of-state-seat/"><i>West Virginia Watch</i>, "Economic Development Authority director Kris Warner wins West Virginia secretary of state seat," November 5, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/11/05/us/elections/results-maine.html"><i>The New York Times</i>, "Maine Election Results," accessed November 26, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/11/05/us/elections/results-new-hampshire.html"><i>The New York Times</i>, "New Hampshire Election Results," accessed November 12, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://whyy.org/articles/democrats-win-statewide-races-elections-2024/"><i>WHYY</i>, "Complete list of winners and losers in Delaware’s general election," November 6, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/11/05/us/elections/results-tennessee.html"><i>New York Times</i>, "Tennessee election results," accessed November 5, 2024</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>This total includes three seats created in Wyoming during the <a href="/Redistricting_in_Wyoming_after_the_2020_census" title="Redistricting in Wyoming after the 2020 census">2020 redistricting process</a>, which affects the net changes before and after the Nov. 8 elections.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Ballotpedia describes the offices of governor, lieutenant governor, attorney general, and secretary of state as top-ballot state executive offices. Down-ballot state executive offices that exist in all 50 states include superintendent of schools, insurance commissioner, agriculture commissioner, labor commissioner, and public service commissioner. Examples of other down-ballot state executive offices include treasurer, auditor, and comptroller.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ballotpedia chose to highlight these offices because they are typically the most visible positions in states and serve important administrative functions.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">This is because it is very uncommon for an attorney general or secretary of state appointed by a governor to often be in direct conflict with that governor.</span> </li> </ol></div></div></div> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";background:#bbccee;" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; ;background:#bbccee;;border:none;;"><a href="/Template:Election_info" title="Template:Election info"><span title="View this template" style=";background:#bbccee;;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Template:Election_info&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;background:#bbccee;;border:none;;" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><big><a href="/Elections" title="Elections">Election information</a></big></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>Resources</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.75em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Sample_Ballot_Lookup" title="Sample Ballot Lookup">Sample Ballot Lookup</a> • <a href="/Elections_calendar" title="Elections calendar">Elections calendar</a> • <a href="/State_Poll_Opening_and_Closing_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="State Poll Opening and Closing Times">State poll opening and closing times</a> • <a href="/Ballot_access_for_major_and_minor_party_candidates" title="Ballot access for major and minor party candidates">Ballot access for major and minor party candidates</a> • <a href="/Elections_by_state_and_year" title="Elections by state and year">Elections by state and year</a> • <a href="/Voter_identification_laws_by_state" title="Voter identification laws by state">State voter ID laws</a> • <a href="/Absentee_voting" class="mw-redirect" title="Absentee voting">Absentee voting</a> • <a href="/Early_voting" title="Early voting">Early voting</a> • <a href="/Online_voter_registration" title="Online voter registration">Online voter registration</a> • <a href="/State_Election_Result_Canvassing" title="State Election Result Canvassing">Election result canvassing</a> • <a href="/Where_do_I_vote" title="Where do I vote">Where do I vote</a> • <a href="/List_of_absentee/mail-in_ballot_request_websites_by_state" title="List of absentee/mail-in ballot request websites by state">List of absentee/mail-in ballot request websites by state</a> • <a href="/List_of_official_voter_registration_websites_by_state" title="List of official voter registration websites by state">List of official voter registration websites by state</a></div></td><td style="width:1%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;padding-left:0.5em;" rowspan="19"><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/Elections" title="Elections"><img alt="Ballotpedia Election Coverage Badge.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/92/Ballotpedia_Election_Coverage_Badge.png/150px-Ballotpedia_Election_Coverage_Badge.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/92/Ballotpedia_Election_Coverage_Badge.png/225px-Ballotpedia_Election_Coverage_Badge.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/9/92/Ballotpedia_Election_Coverage_Badge.png/300px-Ballotpedia_Election_Coverage_Badge.png 2x" data-file-width="792" data-file-height="792" /></a></div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b><a href="/Elections_by_state_and_year" title="Elections by state and year">Elections<br />by state</a></b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.75em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Alabama_elections,_2024" title="Alabama elections, 2024">Alabama</a> • <a href="/Alaska_elections,_2024" title="Alaska elections, 2024">Alaska</a> • <a href="/Arizona_elections,_2024" title="Arizona elections, 2024">Arizona</a> • <a href="/Arkansas_elections,_2024" title="Arkansas elections, 2024">Arkansas</a> • <a href="/California_elections,_2024" title="California elections, 2024">California</a> • <a href="/Colorado_elections,_2024" title="Colorado elections, 2024">Colorado</a> • <a href="/Connecticut_elections,_2024" title="Connecticut elections, 2024">Connecticut</a> • <a href="/Delaware_elections,_2024" title="Delaware elections, 2024">Delaware</a> • <a href="/Florida_elections,_2024" title="Florida elections, 2024">Florida</a> • <a href="/Georgia_elections,_2024" title="Georgia elections, 2024">Georgia</a> • <a href="/Hawaii_elections,_2024" title="Hawaii elections, 2024">Hawaii</a> • <a href="/Idaho_elections,_2024" title="Idaho elections, 2024">Idaho</a> • <a href="/Illinois_elections,_2024" title="Illinois elections, 2024">Illinois</a> • <a href="/Indiana_elections,_2024" title="Indiana elections, 2024">Indiana</a> • <a href="/Iowa_elections,_2024" title="Iowa elections, 2024">Iowa</a> • <a href="/Kansas_elections,_2024" title="Kansas elections, 2024">Kansas</a> • <a href="/Kentucky_elections,_2024" title="Kentucky elections, 2024">Kentucky</a> • <a href="/Louisiana_elections,_2024" title="Louisiana elections, 2024">Louisiana</a> • <a href="/Maine_elections,_2024" title="Maine elections, 2024">Maine</a> • <a href="/Maryland_elections,_2024" title="Maryland elections, 2024">Maryland</a> • <a href="/Massachusetts_elections,_2024" title="Massachusetts elections, 2024">Massachusetts</a> • <a href="/Michigan_elections,_2024" title="Michigan elections, 2024">Michigan</a> • <a href="/Minnesota_elections,_2024" title="Minnesota elections, 2024">Minnesota</a> • <a href="/Mississippi_elections,_2024" title="Mississippi elections, 2024">Mississippi</a> • <a href="/Missouri_elections,_2024" title="Missouri elections, 2024">Missouri</a> • <a href="/Montana_elections,_2024" title="Montana elections, 2024">Montana</a> • <a href="/Nebraska_elections,_2024" title="Nebraska elections, 2024">Nebraska</a> • <a href="/Nevada_elections,_2024" title="Nevada elections, 2024">Nevada</a> • <a href="/New_Hampshire_elections,_2024" title="New Hampshire elections, 2024">New Hampshire</a> • <a href="/New_Jersey_elections,_2024" title="New Jersey elections, 2024">New Jersey</a> • <a href="/New_Mexico_elections,_2024" title="New Mexico elections, 2024">New Mexico</a> • <a href="/New_York_elections,_2024" title="New York elections, 2024">New York</a> • <a href="/North_Carolina_elections,_2024" title="North Carolina elections, 2024">North Carolina</a> • <a href="/North_Dakota_elections,_2024" title="North Dakota elections, 2024">North Dakota</a> • <a href="/Ohio_elections,_2024" title="Ohio elections, 2024">Ohio</a> • <a href="/Oklahoma_elections,_2024" title="Oklahoma elections, 2024">Oklahoma</a> • <a href="/Oregon_elections,_2024" title="Oregon elections, 2024">Oregon</a> • <a href="/Pennsylvania_elections,_2024" title="Pennsylvania elections, 2024">Pennsylvania</a> • <a href="/Rhode_Island_elections,_2024" title="Rhode Island elections, 2024">Rhode Island</a> • <a href="/South_Carolina_elections,_2024" title="South Carolina elections, 2024">South Carolina</a> • <a href="/South_Dakota_elections,_2024" title="South Dakota elections, 2024">South Dakota</a> • <a href="/Tennessee_elections,_2024" title="Tennessee elections, 2024">Tennessee</a> • <a href="/Texas_elections,_2024" title="Texas elections, 2024">Texas</a> • <a href="/Utah_elections,_2024" title="Utah elections, 2024">Utah</a> • <a href="/Vermont_elections,_2024" title="Vermont elections, 2024">Vermont</a> • <a href="/Virginia_elections,_2024" title="Virginia elections, 2024">Virginia</a> • <a href="/Washington_elections,_2024" title="Washington elections, 2024">Washington</a> • <a href="/West_Virginia_elections,_2024" title="West Virginia elections, 2024">West Virginia</a> • <a href="/Wisconsin_elections,_2024" title="Wisconsin elections, 2024">Wisconsin</a> • <a href="/Wyoming_elections,_2024" title="Wyoming elections, 2024">Wyoming</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>2024 elections</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.75em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Presidential_election,_2024" title="Presidential election, 2024">U.S. President</a> • <a href="/United_States_Congress_elections,_2024" title="United States Congress elections, 2024">U.S. Congress</a> • <a href="/Special_elections_to_the_118th_United_States_Congress_(2023-2024)" title="Special elections to the 118th United States Congress (2023-2024)">U.S. Congress special elections</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2024" title="State executive official elections, 2024">State executives</a> • <a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2024" title="State legislative elections, 2024">State legislature</a> • <a href="/2024_ballot_measures" title="2024 ballot measures">Statewide ballot measures</a> • <a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2024" title="State judicial elections, 2024">State judicial</a> • <a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2024" title="United States municipal elections, 2024">Municipal government</a> • <a href="/United_States_mayoral_elections,_2024" title="United States mayoral elections, 2024">Mayors</a> • <a href="/School_board_elections,_2024" title="School board elections, 2024">School boards</a> • <a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2024" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2024">Local judicial</a> • <a href="/Local_ballot_measure_elections_in_2024" title="Local ballot measure elections in 2024">Local ballot measures</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2024" title="Political recall efforts, 2024">Recall</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>2023 elections</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.75em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Special_elections_to_the_118th_United_States_Congress_(2023-2024)" title="Special elections to the 118th United States Congress (2023-2024)">U.S. Congress special elections</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2023" title="State executive official elections, 2023">State executives</a> • <a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2023" title="State legislative elections, 2023">State legislature</a> • <a href="/2023_ballot_measures" title="2023 ballot measures">Statewide ballot measures</a> • <a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2023" title="State judicial elections, 2023">State judicial</a> • <a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2023" title="United States municipal elections, 2023">Municipal government</a> • <a href="/United_States_mayoral_elections,_2023" title="United States mayoral elections, 2023">Mayors</a> • <a href="/School_board_elections,_2023" title="School board elections, 2023">School boards</a> • <a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2023" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2023">Local judicial</a> • <a href="/Local_ballot_measure_elections_in_2023" title="Local ballot measure elections in 2023">Local ballot measures</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2023" title="Political recall efforts, 2023">Recall</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>2022 elections</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.75em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/United_States_Congress_elections,_2022" title="United States Congress elections, 2022">U.S. Congress</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2022" title="State executive official elections, 2022">State executives</a> • <a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2022" title="State legislative elections, 2022">State legislature</a> • <a href="/2022_ballot_measures" title="2022 ballot measures">Statewide ballot measures</a> • <a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2022" title="State judicial elections, 2022">State judicial</a> • <a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2022" title="United States municipal elections, 2022">Municipal government</a> • <a href="/United_States_mayoral_elections,_2022" title="United States mayoral elections, 2022">Mayors</a> • <a href="/School_board_elections,_2022" title="School board elections, 2022">School boards</a> • <a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2022" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2022">Local judicial</a> • <a href="/Local_ballot_measure_elections_in_2022" title="Local ballot measure elections in 2022">Local ballot measures</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2022" title="Political recall efforts, 2022">Recall</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>2021 elections</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.75em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Special_elections_to_the_117th_United_States_Congress_(2021-2022)" title="Special elections to the 117th United States Congress (2021-2022)">U.S. Congress special elections</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2021" title="State executive official elections, 2021">State executives</a> • <a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2021" title="State legislative elections, 2021">State legislature</a> • <a href="/2021_ballot_measures" title="2021 ballot measures">Statewide ballot measures</a> • <a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2021" title="State judicial elections, 2021">State judicial</a> • <a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2021" title="United States municipal elections, 2021">Municipal government</a> • <a href="/United_States_mayoral_elections,_2021" title="United States mayoral elections, 2021">Mayors</a> • <a href="/School_board_elections,_2021" title="School board elections, 2021">School boards</a> • <a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2021" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2021">Local judicial</a> • <a href="/Local_ballot_measure_elections_in_2021" title="Local ballot measure elections in 2021">Local ballot measures</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2021" title="Political recall efforts, 2021">Recall</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>2020 elections</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.75em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Presidential_election,_2020" title="Presidential election, 2020">U.S. President</a> • <a href="/United_States_Congress_elections,_2020" title="United States Congress elections, 2020">U.S. Congress</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2020" title="State executive official elections, 2020">State executives</a> • <a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2020" title="State legislative elections, 2020">State legislature</a> • <a href="/2020_ballot_measures" title="2020 ballot measures">Statewide ballot measures</a> • <a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2020" title="State judicial elections, 2020">State judicial</a> • <a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2020" title="United States municipal elections, 2020">Municipal government</a> • <a href="/United_States_mayoral_elections,_2020" title="United States mayoral elections, 2020">Mayors</a> • <a href="/School_board_elections,_2020" title="School board elections, 2020">School boards</a> • <a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2020" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2020">Local judicial</a> • <a href="/Local_ballot_measure_elections_in_2020" title="Local ballot measure elections in 2020">Local ballot measures</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2020" title="Political recall efforts, 2020">Recall</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>2019 elections</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.75em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Special_elections_to_the_116th_United_States_Congress_(2019-2020)" title="Special elections to the 116th United States Congress (2019-2020)">U.S. Congress special elections</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2019" title="State executive official elections, 2019">State executives</a> • <a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2019" title="State legislative elections, 2019">State legislature</a> • <a href="/2019_ballot_measures" title="2019 ballot measures">Statewide ballot measures</a> • <a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2019" title="State judicial elections, 2019">State judicial</a> • <a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2019" title="United States municipal elections, 2019">Municipal government</a> • <a href="/School_board_elections,_2019" title="School board elections, 2019">School boards</a> • <a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2019" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2019">Local judicial</a> • <a href="/Local_ballot_measure_elections_in_2019" title="Local ballot measure elections in 2019">Local ballot measures</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2019" title="Political recall efforts, 2019">Recall</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>2018 elections</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.75em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/United_States_Congress_elections,_2018" title="United States Congress elections, 2018">U.S. Congress</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2018" title="State executive official elections, 2018">State executives</a> • <a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2018" title="State legislative elections, 2018">State legislature</a> • <a href="/2018_ballot_measures" title="2018 ballot measures">Statewide ballot measures</a> • <a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2018" title="State judicial elections, 2018">State judicial</a> • <a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2018" title="United States municipal elections, 2018">Municipal government</a> • <a href="/School_board_elections,_2018" title="School board elections, 2018">School boards</a> • <a href="/Local_trial_court_judicial_elections,_2018" title="Local trial court judicial elections, 2018">Local judicial</a> • <a href="/Local_ballot_measure_elections_in_2018" title="Local ballot measure elections in 2018">Local ballot measures</a> • <a href="/Political_recall_efforts,_2018" title="Political recall efforts, 2018">Recall</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b><a href="/Voting_Policy" title="Voting Policy">How to vote<br />in each state</a></b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.75em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Voting_in_Alabama" title="Voting in Alabama">Alabama</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Alaska" title="Voting in Alaska">Alaska</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Arizona" title="Voting in Arizona">Arizona</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Arkansas" title="Voting in Arkansas">Arkansas</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_California" title="Voting in California">California</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Colorado" title="Voting in Colorado">Colorado</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Connecticut" title="Voting in Connecticut">Connecticut</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Delaware" title="Voting in Delaware">Delaware</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Florida" title="Voting in Florida">Florida</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Georgia" title="Voting in Georgia">Georgia</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Hawaii" title="Voting in Hawaii">Hawaii</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Idaho" title="Voting in Idaho">Idaho</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Illinois" title="Voting in Illinois">Illinois</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Indiana" title="Voting in Indiana">Indiana</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Iowa" title="Voting in Iowa">Iowa</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Kansas" title="Voting in Kansas">Kansas</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Kentucky" title="Voting in Kentucky">Kentucky</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Louisiana" title="Voting in Louisiana">Louisiana</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Maine" title="Voting in Maine">Maine</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Maryland" title="Voting in Maryland">Maryland</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Massachusetts" title="Voting in Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Michigan" title="Voting in Michigan">Michigan</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Minnesota" title="Voting in Minnesota">Minnesota</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Mississippi" title="Voting in Mississippi">Mississippi</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Missouri" title="Voting in Missouri">Missouri</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Montana" title="Voting in Montana">Montana</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Nebraska" title="Voting in Nebraska">Nebraska</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Nevada" title="Voting in Nevada">Nevada</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_New_Hampshire" title="Voting in New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_New_Jersey" title="Voting in New Jersey">New Jersey</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_New_Mexico" title="Voting in New Mexico">New Mexico</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_New_York" title="Voting in New York">New York</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_North_Carolina" title="Voting in North Carolina">North Carolina</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_North_Dakota" title="Voting in North Dakota">North Dakota</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Ohio" title="Voting in Ohio">Ohio</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Oklahoma" title="Voting in Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Oregon" title="Voting in Oregon">Oregon</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Pennsylvania" title="Voting in Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Rhode_Island" title="Voting in Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_South_Carolina" title="Voting in South Carolina">South Carolina</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_South_Dakota" title="Voting in South Dakota">South Dakota</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Tennessee" title="Voting in Tennessee">Tennessee</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Texas" title="Voting in Texas">Texas</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Utah" title="Voting in Utah">Utah</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Vermont" title="Voting in Vermont">Vermont</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Virginia" title="Voting in Virginia">Virginia</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Washington" title="Voting in Washington">Washington</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Washington,_D.C." title="Voting in Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_West_Virginia" title="Voting in West Virginia">West Virginia</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Wisconsin" title="Voting in Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> • <a href="/Voting_in_Wyoming" title="Voting in Wyoming">Wyoming</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";background:#0744ac; color: white;" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; ;background:#0744ac; color: white;;border:none;;"><a href="/Template:Ballotpedia" title="Template:Ballotpedia"><span title="View this template" style=";background:#0744ac; color: white;;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Template:Ballotpedia&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;background:#0744ac; color: white;;border:none;;" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;">Ballotpedia</span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#f0a237; color: white;;"><span style="color:#0b47a8"><b><a href="/Ballotpedia:About" title="Ballotpedia:About">About</a></b></span></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Ballotpedia:Overview_and_contact_information" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballotpedia:Overview and contact information">Overview</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:What_people_are_saying" title="Ballotpedia:What people are saying">What people are saying</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Donate" title="Ballotpedia:Donate">Support Ballotpedia</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Overview_and_contact_information" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballotpedia:Overview and contact information">Contact</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Ways_you_can_help" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballotpedia:Ways you can help">Contribute</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Job_opportunities" title="Ballotpedia:Job opportunities">Job opportunities</a><hr /></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#f0a237; color: white;;"><span style="color:#0b47a8"></span></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><b>Executive:</b> <a href="/Ballotpedia:Leslie_Graves" title="Ballotpedia:Leslie Graves">Leslie Graves, President</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Gwen_Beattie" title="Ballotpedia:Gwen Beattie">Gwen Beattie, Chief Operating Officer</a><br /> <p><b>Communications:</b> <a href="/Ballotpedia:Alison_Graves" title="Ballotpedia:Alison Graves">Alison Graves</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Carley_Allensworth" title="Ballotpedia:Carley Allensworth">Carley Allensworth</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Abigail_Campbell" title="Ballotpedia:Abigail Campbell">Abigail Campbell</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Sarah_Groat" title="Ballotpedia:Sarah Groat">Sarah Groat</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Nathaniel_Harwood" title="Ballotpedia:Nathaniel Harwood">Nathaniel Harwood</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Dillon_Redmond" title="Ballotpedia:Dillon Redmond">Dillon Redmond</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Erica_Shumaker" title="Ballotpedia:Erica Shumaker">Erica Shumaker</a><br /> <b>External Relations:</b> <a href="/Ballotpedia:Andrew_Heath" title="Ballotpedia:Andrew Heath">Andrew Heath</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Hannah_Nelson" title="Ballotpedia:Hannah Nelson">Hannah Nelson</a><br /> <b>Operations:</b> <a href="/Ballotpedia:Meghann_Olshefski" title="Ballotpedia:Meghann Olshefski">Meghann Olshefski</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Amanda_Herbert" title="Ballotpedia:Amanda Herbert">Amanda Herbert</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Mandy_Morris" title="Ballotpedia:Mandy Morris">Mandy Morris</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Caroline_Presnell" title="Ballotpedia:Caroline Presnell">Caroline Presnell</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Kelly_Rindfleisch" title="Ballotpedia:Kelly Rindfleisch">Kelly Rindfleisch</a><br /> <b>Policy:</b> <a href="/Ballotpedia:Jimmy_McAllister" title="Ballotpedia:Jimmy McAllister">Jimmy McAllister</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Molly_Byrne" title="Ballotpedia:Molly Byrne">Molly Byrne</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Jon_Dunn" title="Ballotpedia:Jon Dunn">Jon Dunn</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Annelise_Reinwald" title="Ballotpedia:Annelise Reinwald">Annelise Reinwald</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Emma_Soukup" title="Ballotpedia:Emma Soukup">Emma Soukup</a><br /> <b>Content Strategy:</b> <a href="/Ballotpedia:Josh_Altic" title="Ballotpedia:Josh Altic">Josh Altic</a> <br /> <b>Tech:</b> <a href="/Ballotpedia:Matt_Latourelle" title="Ballotpedia:Matt Latourelle">Matt Latourelle</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Ryan_Burch" title="Ballotpedia:Ryan Burch">Ryan Burch</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Kirsten_Corrao" title="Ballotpedia:Kirsten Corrao">Kirsten Corrao</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Beth_Dellea" title="Ballotpedia:Beth Dellea">Beth Dellea</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Travis_Eden" title="Ballotpedia:Travis Eden">Travis Eden</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Tate_Kamish" title="Ballotpedia:Tate Kamish">Tate Kamish</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Margaret_Kearney" title="Ballotpedia:Margaret Kearney">Margaret Kearney</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Eric_Lotto" title="Ballotpedia:Eric Lotto">Eric Lotto</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Joseph_Sanchez" title="Ballotpedia:Joseph Sanchez">Joseph Sanchez</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Mary_Susmitha" title="Ballotpedia:Mary Susmitha">Mary Susmitha</a><br /> </p> <b>Contributors:</b> <a href="/Ballotpedia:Scott_Rasmussen" title="Ballotpedia:Scott Rasmussen">Scott Rasmussen</a> <hr /></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#f0a237; color: white;;"><span style="color:#0b47a8"><b>Editorial Content</b></span></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Ballotpedia:Geoff_Pallay" title="Ballotpedia:Geoff Pallay">Geoff Pallay, Director of Editorial Content and Editor-in-Chief</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Ken_Carbullido" title="Ballotpedia:Ken Carbullido">Ken Carbullido, Vice President of Election Product and Technology Strategy</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Daniel_Anderson" title="Ballotpedia:Daniel Anderson">Daniel Anderson, Managing Editor</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Ryan_Byrne" title="Ballotpedia:Ryan Byrne">Ryan Byrne, Managing Editor</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Cory_Eucalitto" title="Ballotpedia:Cory Eucalitto">Cory Eucalitto, Managing Editor</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Mandy_Gillip" title="Ballotpedia:Mandy Gillip">Mandy Gillip, Managing Editor</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Doug_Kronaizl" title="Ballotpedia:Doug Kronaizl">Doug Kronaizl, Local Elections Project Manager</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Jaclyn_Beran" title="Ballotpedia:Jaclyn Beran">Jaclyn Beran</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Marielle_Bricker" title="Ballotpedia:Marielle Bricker">Marielle Bricker</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Joseph_Brusgard" title="Ballotpedia:Joseph Brusgard">Joseph Brusgard</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Emma_Burlingame" title="Ballotpedia:Emma Burlingame">Emma Burlingame</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Kelly_Coyle" title="Ballotpedia:Kelly Coyle">Kelly Coyle</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Thomas_Ellis" title="Ballotpedia:Thomas Ellis">Thomas Ellis</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Frank_Festa" title="Ballotpedia:Frank Festa">Frank Festa</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Nicole_Fisher" title="Ballotpedia:Nicole Fisher">Nicole Fisher</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Brianna_Hosea" title="Ballotpedia:Brianna Hosea">Brianna Hosea</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Joseph_Greaney" title="Ballotpedia:Joseph Greaney">Joseph Greaney</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Thomas_Grobben" title="Ballotpedia:Thomas Grobben">Thomas Grobben</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Jaime_Healy-Plotkin" title="Ballotpedia:Jaime Healy-Plotkin">Jaime Healy-Plotkin</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Tyler_King" title="Ballotpedia:Tyler King">Tyler King</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Glorie_Martinez" title="Ballotpedia:Glorie Martinez">Glorie Martinez</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Nathan_Maxwell" title="Ballotpedia:Nathan Maxwell">Nathan Maxwell</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Ellie_Mikus" title="Ballotpedia:Ellie Mikus">Ellie Mikus</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Jackie_Mitchell" title="Ballotpedia:Jackie Mitchell">Jackie Mitchell</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Ellen_Morrissey" title="Ballotpedia:Ellen Morrissey">Ellen Morrissey</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Mackenzie_Murphy" title="Ballotpedia:Mackenzie Murphy">Mackenzie Murphy</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Kaley_Platek" title="Ballotpedia:Kaley Platek">Kaley Platek</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Samantha_Post" title="Ballotpedia:Samantha Post">Samantha Post</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Adam_Powell" title="Ballotpedia:Adam Powell">Adam Powell</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Ethan_Rice" title="Ballotpedia:Ethan Rice">Ethan Rice</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Spencer_Richardson" title="Ballotpedia:Spencer Richardson">Spencer Richardson</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Victoria_Rose" title="Ballotpedia:Victoria Rose">Victoria Rose</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Briana_Ryan" title="Ballotpedia:Briana Ryan">Briana Ryan</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Myj_Saintyl" title="Ballotpedia:Myj Saintyl">Myj Saintyl</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Maddy_Salucka" title="Ballotpedia:Maddy Salucka">Maddy Salucka</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Maddie_Sinclair_Johnson" title="Ballotpedia:Maddie Sinclair Johnson">Maddie Sinclair Johnson</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Abbey_Smith" title="Ballotpedia:Abbey Smith">Abbey Smith</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Janie_Valentine" title="Ballotpedia:Janie Valentine">Janie Valentine</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Joel_Williams" title="Ballotpedia:Joel Williams">Joel Williams</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Samuel_Wonacott" title="Ballotpedia:Samuel Wonacott">Samuel Wonacott</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Trenton_Woodcox" title="Ballotpedia:Trenton Woodcox">Trenton Woodcox</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Mercedes_Yanora" title="Ballotpedia:Mercedes Yanora">Mercedes Yanora</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>   </div></div> <div class="printfooter"> Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Election_results,_2024:_Secretaries_of_State&oldid=10161155">https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Election_results,_2024:_Secretaries_of_State&oldid=10161155</a>" </div> <div id="catlinks-container" style="display:none"><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/Category:Marquee,_analysis_page,_2024" title="Category:Marquee, analysis page, 2024">Marquee, analysis page, 2024</a></li></ul></div></div></div> <div class="visualClear"></div> </div>  </div> </div> </div> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1548351407491-0'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1548351407491-0'); }); </script> </div> <div id="div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3054" class="publirAds"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function(event) { if (event.slot.getSlotElementId() == "div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3054") { googletag.display("div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3054"); } }); }); </script> </div> <div class="visualClear"></div> <div class="row" id="footer-links"> <div style="text-align:center; font-size:16px; color:#666; width: 100%;"> <p>Ballotpedia features 556,319 encyclopedic articles written and curated by our professional staff of editors, writers, and researchers. Click here to <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.happyfox.com/new">contact our editorial staff or report an error</a>. For media inquiries, <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="mailto:media@ballotpedia.org">contact us here</a>. Please <a href="/Support" title="Support">donate here</a> to support our continued expansion. </p> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Information_about_voting">Information about voting</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Voter_Toolkit" title="Ballotpedia's Voter Toolkit">Your 2024 Election Toolkit</a></li> <li><a href="/Sample_Ballot_Lookup" title="Sample Ballot Lookup">What's on my ballot?</a></li> <li><a href="/Where_do_I_vote" title="Where do I vote">Where do I vote?</a></li> <li><a href="/Online_voter_registration_in_the_50_states" class="mw-redirect" title="Online voter registration in the 50 states">How do I register to vote?</a></li> <li><a href="/Absentee_voting" class="mw-redirect" title="Absentee voting">How do I request a ballot?</a></li> <li><a href="/Elections_calendar" title="Elections calendar">When do I vote?</a></li> <li><a href="/State_Poll_Opening_and_Closing_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="State Poll Opening and Closing Times">When are polls open?</a></li> <li><a href="/Who_represents_me" title="Who represents me">Who Represents Me?</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2024_Elections">2024 Elections</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Presidential_election,_2024" title="Presidential election, 2024">2024 Presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/Presidential_candidates,_2024" title="Presidential candidates, 2024">2024 Presidential candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_Congress_elections,_2024" title="United States Congress elections, 2024">2024 Congressional elections</a></li> <li><a href="/2024_ballot_measures" title="2024 ballot measures">2024 Ballot measures</a></li> <li><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2024" title="State executive official elections, 2024">2024 State executive elections</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2024" title="State legislative elections, 2024">2024 State legislative elections</a></li> <li><a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2024" title="State judicial elections, 2024">2024 State judge elections</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2024" title="United States municipal elections, 2024">2024 Local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/School_board_elections,_2024" title="School board elections, 2024">2024 School board elections</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2024_Election_analysis">2024 Election analysis</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Election_Analysis_Hub,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2024">2024 elections analysis hub</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Pivot_Counties_in_the_2024_presidential_election" title="Election results, 2024: Pivot Counties in the 2024 presidential election">Pivot Counties in the 2024 presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_New_members_elected_to_Congress" title="Election results, 2024: New members elected to Congress">New members elected to Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/Incumbents_defeated_in_state_legislative_elections,_2024" title="Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections, 2024">Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislative_seats_that_changed_party_control" title="Election results, 2024: State legislative seats that changed party control">State legislative seats that changed party control</a></li> <li><a href="/2024_ballot_measures#Trends_in_2024" title="2024 ballot measures">Ballot measure trends in 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Analysis_of_voter_turnout_in_the_2024_general_election" title="Election results, 2024: Analysis of voter turnout in the 2024 general election">2024 general election voter turnout</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Wave_elections" title="Election results, 2024: Wave elections">Wave elections in 2024</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2025_Elections">2025 Elections</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Gubernatorial_elections,_2025" title="Gubernatorial elections, 2025">Governors</a></li> <li><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2025" title="State executive official elections, 2025">State executives</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2025" title="State legislative elections, 2025">State legislatures</a></li> <li><a href="/2025_ballot_measures" title="2025 ballot measures">Ballot measures</a></li> <li><a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2025" title="State judicial elections, 2025">State judges</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2025" title="United States municipal elections, 2025">Municipal officials</a></li> <li><a href="/School_board_elections,_2025" title="School board elections, 2025">School boards</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Trending">Trending</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Election_results,_2024" title="Election results, 2024">2024 Election results</a></li> <li><a href="/Presidential_election,_2024" title="Presidential election, 2024">2024 Presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/Presidential_candidates,_2024" title="Presidential candidates, 2024">2024 Presidential candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Analysis_of_voter_turnout_in_the_2024_general_election" title="Election results, 2024: Analysis of voter turnout in the 2024 general election">2024 general election voter turnout</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Top_15_Ballot_Measures_and_Trends_to_Watch,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Top 15 Ballot Measures and Trends to Watch, 2024">Ballotpedia's top 15 ballot measures and trends to watch in 2024</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://news.ballotpedia.org/">Ballotpedia News</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Public_Policy">Public Policy</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Administrative_State_Index" title="Administrative State Index">Administrative state</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_criminal_justice_policy" title="Index of articles about criminal justice policy">Criminal justice policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_education_policy" title="Index of articles about education policy">Education policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)" title="Index of articles about environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_federalism" title="Index of articles about federalism">Federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_unemployment_insurance" title="Index of articles about unemployment insurance">Unemployment insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_work_requirements" title="Index of articles about work requirements">Work requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/Public_Policy" title="Public Policy">Policy in the states</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Information_for_candidates">Information for candidates</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Survey" title="Survey">Ballotpedia's Candidate Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballot_access_for_major_and_minor_party_candidates" title="Ballot access for major and minor party candidates">How do I run for office?</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Candidate_Connection" title="Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection">How do I update a page?</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results" class="mw-redirect" title="Election results">Election results</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSddoUjxvy5yEyoKoltTe6-B_j668rbBsbcf7UDJI8cOgG2FBA/viewform">Send us candidate contact info</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Get_Engaged">Get Engaged</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Support" title="Support">Donate to Ballotpedia</a></li> <li><a href="/Contact_us" title="Contact us">Contact us</a></li> <li><a href="/Report_an_error" title="Report an error">Report an error</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Events" title="Ballotpedia:Events">Events</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia_Email_Updates" title="Ballotpedia Email Updates">Newsletters</a></li> <li><a href="/On_the_Ballot" title="On the Ballot">Ballotpedia Podcast</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Job_opportunities" title="Ballotpedia:Job opportunities">Careers</a></li> <li><a href="/Support:Volunteer" title="Support:Volunteer">Volunteer</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Ad_policy" title="Ballotpedia:Ad policy">Ad Policy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.bonfire.com/store/ballotpedia/">Ballotpedia Boutique</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Services">Services</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/News_and_events" title="News and events">Media inquiries</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Buy_Political_Data" title="Ballotpedia:Buy Political Data">Data sales</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Buy_Political_Data" title="Ballotpedia:Buy Political Data">API</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Premium_Research_Services" title="Ballotpedia:Premium Research Services">Premium Research Services</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Additional_analysis">Additional analysis</span></h3> <ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://legislation.ballotpedia.org/elections/home">Election legislation tracking</a></li> <li><a href="/State_government_trifectas" title="State government trifectas">State Trifectas</a></li> <li><a href="/State_government_triplexes" title="State government triplexes">State Triplexes</a></li> <li><a href="/Status_of_redistricting_after_the_2020_census" title="Status of redistricting after the 2020 census">Redistricting</a></li> <li><a href="/Pivot_Counties:_The_counties_that_voted_Obama-Obama-Trump_from_2008-2016" title="Pivot Counties: The counties that voted Obama-Obama-Trump from 2008-2016">Pivot Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia_Courts:_State_Partisanship" title="Ballotpedia Courts: State Partisanship">State Supreme Court Partisanship</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Polling_Indexes" title="Ballotpedia's Polling Indexes">Polling indexes</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> </div> </div> </div>   <div class="sidebar-wrapper sidebar-left-wrapper" id="sidebar-left"> <div id="navtitle" class="navtitle"> <h2><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-menu-hamburger"></span> SITE NAVIGATION</h2> </div> <ul><li><a href="/Election_results,_2024" title="Election results, 2024">2024 Election results hub</a></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Election_Analysis_Hub,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2024">Ballotpedia's 2024 elections analysis</a></span> <ul><li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Pivot_Counties_in_the_2024_presidential_election" title="Election results, 2024: Pivot Counties in the 2024 presidential election">Pivot Counties in the 2024 presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_New_members_elected_to_Congress" title="Election results, 2024: New members elected to Congress">New members elected to Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Comparison_of_state_delegations_to_the_118th_and_119th_Congresses" title="Election results, 2024: Comparison of state delegations to the 118th and 119th Congresses">Comparison of state delegations to the 118th and 119th Congresses</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Congressional_margin_of_victory_analysis" title="Election results, 2024: Congressional margin of victory analysis">Congressional margin of victory analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Congressional_elections_decided_by_10_percentage_points_or_fewer" title="Election results, 2024: Congressional elections decided by 10 percentage points or fewer">Congressional elections decided by 10 percentage points or fewer</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislative_veto-proof_majorities" title="Election results, 2024: State legislative veto-proof majorities">State legislative veto-proof majorities</a></li> <li><a href="/Incumbents_defeated_in_state_legislative_elections,_2024" title="Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections, 2024">Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Margin_of_victory_analysis_for_the_2024_state_legislative_elections" title="Margin of victory analysis for the 2024 state legislative elections">State legislative margin of victory analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislative_seats_that_changed_party_control" title="Election results, 2024: State legislative seats that changed party control">State legislative seats that changed party control</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislative_races_decided_by_fewer_than_100_votes" title="Election results, 2024: State legislative races decided by fewer than 100 votes">State legislative races decided by fewer than 100 votes</a></li> <li><a href="/2024_ballot_measures#Trends_in_2024" title="2024 ballot measures">Ballot measure trends in 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Analysis_of_voter_turnout_in_the_2024_general_election" title="Election results, 2024: Analysis of voter turnout in the 2024 general election">Analysis of voter turnout in the 2024 general election</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Wave_elections" title="Election results, 2024: Wave elections">Wave elections in 2024</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Elections" title="Elections">2024 Elections</a></span> <ul><li><a href="/Presidential_election,_2024" title="Presidential election, 2024">2024 Presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/Presidential_candidates,_2024" title="Presidential candidates, 2024">2024 Presidential candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_Congress_elections,_2024" title="United States Congress elections, 2024">2024 Congressional elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Special_elections_to_the_118th_United_States_Congress_(2023-2024)" title="Special elections to the 118th United States Congress (2023-2024)">Special Congressional elections (2023-2024)</a></li> <li><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2024" title="State executive official elections, 2024">2024 State executive elections</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2024" title="State legislative elections, 2024">2024 State legislative elections</a></li> <li><a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2024" title="State judicial elections, 2024">2024 State judge elections</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2024" title="United States municipal elections, 2024">2024 Local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/2024_ballot_measures" title="2024 ballot measures">2024 Ballot measures</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Top_15_Elections_to_Watch,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Top 15 Elections to Watch, 2024">Ballotpedia's top 15 elections to watch in 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Top_15_Ballot_Measures_and_Trends_to_Watch,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Top 15 Ballot Measures and Trends to Watch, 2024">Ballotpedia's top 15 ballot measures to watch in 2024</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Main_page" class="mw-redirect" title="Main page">2025 Elections</a></span> <ul><li><a href="/Elections_calendar" title="Elections calendar">Upcoming elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Statewide_primary_elections_calendar" title="Statewide primary elections calendar">2025 Statewide primary dates</a></li> <li><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2025" title="State executive official elections, 2025">2025 State executive elections</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2025" title="State legislative elections, 2025">2025 State legislative elections</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2025" title="United States municipal elections, 2025">2025 Local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/2025_ballot_measures" title="2025 ballot measures">2025 Ballot measures</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Joe_Biden_presidential_administration" title="Joe Biden presidential administration">The Biden administration</a></span> <ul><li><a href="/Joe_Biden%27s_Cabinet" title="Joe Biden's Cabinet">Cabinet officials</a></li> <li><a href="/Joe_Biden%27s_executive_orders_and_actions" title="Joe Biden's executive orders and actions">Executive orders and actions</a></li> <li><a href="/Joe_Biden_presidential_administration#Key_legislation" title="Joe Biden presidential administration">Key legislation</a></li> <li><a href="/Federal_judges_nominated_by_Joe_Biden" title="Federal judges nominated by Joe Biden">Judicial nominations</a></li> <li><a href="/Joe_Biden_presidential_transition#White_House_senior_staff" title="Joe Biden presidential transition">White House senior staff</a></li> <li><a href="/Joe_Biden:_Vetoed_legislation" title="Joe Biden: Vetoed legislation">Vetoes</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Federal_Politics" title="Federal Politics">Government</a></span> <ul><li><a href="/Executive_Branch" title="Executive Branch">U.S. President</a></li> <li><a href="/Legislative_Branch" title="Legislative Branch">U.S. Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballot_Measures_overview" title="Ballot Measures overview">Ballot measures</a></li> <li><a href="/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">U.S. Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_federal_courts" title="United States federal courts">Federal courts</a></li> <li><a href="/States#State_governments" title="States">State government</a></li> <li><a href="/Municipal_Government" title="Municipal Government">Municipal government</a></li> <li><a href="/School_Boards_and_School_Board_Elections" title="School Boards and School Board Elections">School boards</a></li> <li><a href="/Recall_overview" title="Recall overview">Recalls</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/Public_Policy" title="Public Policy">Public Policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/Administrative_State_Index" title="Administrative State Index">Administrative state</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_criminal_justice_policy" title="Index of articles about criminal justice policy">Criminal justice policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_education_policy" title="Index of articles about education policy">Education policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)" title="Index of articles about environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_federalism" title="Index of articles about federalism">Federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_unemployment_insurance" title="Index of articles about unemployment insurance">Unemployment insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_work_requirements" title="Index of articles about work requirements">Work requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/Public_Policy" title="Public Policy">Policy in the states</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Ballotpedia:About" title="Ballotpedia:About">More...</a></span> <ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Sample_ballot&Source=sidebar">Ballotpedia's Sample Ballot</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%E2%80%99s_Voter_Toolkit" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballotpedia’s Voter Toolkit">Ballotpedia's 2024 Voter Toolkit</a></li> <li><a href="/Survey" title="Survey">Ballotpedia's Candidate Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/Status_of_redistricting_after_the_2020_census" title="Status of redistricting after the 2020 census">Redistricting</a></li> <li><a href="/State_government_trifectas" title="State government trifectas">Trifectas</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_Policy" title="Election Policy">Election policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballot_Access" title="Ballot Access">Running for office</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://legislation.ballotpedia.org/elections/home">Election legislation tracking</a></li> <li><a href="/On_the_Ballot" title="On the Ballot">Ballotpedia's weekly podcast</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Ballotpedia:About" title="Ballotpedia:About">About us</a></span> <ul><li><a href="/Ballotpedia:About" title="Ballotpedia:About">About Ballotpedia</a></li> <li><a href="/Support" title="Support">Donate</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_editorial_independence_policy" title="Ballotpedia's editorial independence policy">Editorial independence</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Index_of_Contents" title="Ballotpedia:Index of Contents">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Job_opportunities" title="Ballotpedia:Job opportunities">Job opportunities</a></li> <li><a href="/News_and_events" title="News and events">News and events</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Staff" title="Ballotpedia:Staff">Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/Support:Volunteer" title="Support:Volunteer">Volunteer</a></li></ul></li</ul> </div>   <div class="sidebar-wrapper sidebar-right-wrapper" id="sidebar-right"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1548352229745-0' style='height:600px; width:160px;position: -webkit-sticky; /* Safari */ position: sticky; top: 0;'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1548352229745-0'); }); </script> </div> </div>   <div id="footer" role="contentinfo" class="footer container footer-sticky" > <ul id="footer-places"><li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="/Ballotpedia:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li><li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/Ballotpedia:About">About Ballotpedia</a></li><li id="footer-places-disclaimer"><a href="/Ballotpedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li></ul><ul id="footer-custom"><li class="dropup"><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Election+results%2C+2024%3A+Secretaries+of+State" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o">Login</a></li></ul><div style="clear:both"></div> </div>   <script>!function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s){if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod ? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments) : n.queue.push(arguments)}; if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version="2.0"; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window,document,"script","https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js" ); fbq("init", "360312574466105"); fbq("track", "PageView"); </script> <noscript><img height="1" width="1" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=360312574466105&ev=PageView&noscript=1"/></noscript>   <script> !function(e,t,n,s,u,a){e.twq||(s=e.twq=function(){s.exe?s.exe.apply(s,arguments):s.queue.push(arguments); },s.version='1.1',s.queue=[],u=t.createElement(n),u.async=!0,u.src='//static.ads-twitter.com/uwt.js', a=t.getElementsByTagName(n)[0],a.parentNode.insertBefore(u,a))}(window,document,'script'); // Insert Twitter Pixel ID and Standard Event data below twq('init','o2jx2'); twq('track','PageView'); </script>  <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.479","walltime":"1.794","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5712,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":133830,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":87744,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":12,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":100},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":28562,"limit":5000000},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1467.372 1 -total"," 69.63% 1021.724 1 Template:State_house_and_state_senate_partisan_count"," 58.82% 863.164 1 Template:State_house_and_state_senate_partisan_balance_table"," 15.88% 233.061 1 Template:SeeAlso2024"," 15.53% 227.892 1 Template:BPcards_SimpleCard"," 8.90% 130.612 1 Template:Parser_count_of_current_total_vacancies_in_state_legislatures"," 7.07% 103.686 1 Template:Parser_count_of_current_independent_state_legislators"," 6.88% 100.968 1 Template:Parser_count_of_current_state_house_vacancies"," 5.55% 81.476 1 Template:Parser_count_of_current_independent_state_representatives"," 4.23% 62.068 1 Template:Parser_count_of_current_Republican_state_legislators"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.060","limit":"7"},"limitreport-virtmemusage":{"value":5160960,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-estmemusage":0},"cachereport":{"timestamp":"20241129011042","ttl":0,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script>     <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-7416006-3', 'auto'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script> <script src="https://ssl.google-analytics.com/ga.js"></script>   <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-GC6ZZT3P70"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-GC6ZZT3P70'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript"> var _qevents = _qevents || []; (function() { var elem = document.createElement('script'); elem.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://secure" : "http://edge") + ".quantserve.com/quant.js"; elem.async = true; elem.type = "text/javascript"; var scpt = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; scpt.parentNode.insertBefore(elem, scpt); })(); _qevents.push({ qacct:"p-Lx8vcgWv5twR2" }); </script> <noscript> <div style="display:none;"> <img src="//pixel.quantserve.com/pixel/p-Lx8vcgWv5twR2.gif" border="0" height="1" width="1" alt="Quantcast"/> </div> </noscript>   <script type="text/javascript"> _atrk_opts = { atrk_acct:"3N+Vi1a4ZP00iC", domain:"ballotpedia.org",dynamic: true}; (function() { var as = document.createElement('script'); as.type = 'text/javascript'; as.async = true; as.src = "https://d31qbv1cthcecs.cloudfront.net/atrk.js"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(as, s); })(); </script> <noscript><img src="https://d5nxst8fruw4z.cloudfront.net/atrk.gif?account=3N+Vi1a4ZP00iC" style="display:none" height="1" width="1" alt="" /></noscript>  <script type="text/javascript"> piAId = '482201'; piCId = '4426'; piHostname = 'pi.pardot.com'; (function() { function async_load(){ if ( window.location.href != "https://ballotpedia.org/Main_Page" && window.location.href != "https://ballotpedia.org/Election_results,_2018" ) { var s = document.createElement('script'); s.type = 'text/javascript'; s.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://pi' : 'http://cdn') + '.pardot.com/pd.js'; var c = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; c.parentNode.insertBefore(s, c); } } if(window.attachEvent) { window.attachEvent('onload', async_load); } else { window.addEventListener('load', async_load, false); } })(); </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://fkrkkmxsqeb5bj9r.s3.amazonaws.com/1375.js"></script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgBackendResponseTime":2040});});</script> </body> </html>