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<div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Meklēt Vikipēdijā" aria-label="Meklēt Vikipēdijā" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Meklēt Vikipēdijā [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Meklēt</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Dalībnieka rīki"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izskats"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Izskats" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Izskats</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_lv.wikipedia.org&uselang=lv" class=""><span>Ziedojumi</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Tjurki" title="Ieteicams izveidot kontu un pieslēgties; tomēr tas nav obligāti." class=""><span>Izveidot jaunu Vikipēdijas kontu</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Tjurki" title="Aicinām tevi ieiet Vikipēdijā, tomēr tas nav obligāti. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Ieiet Vikipēdijā</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Vairāk iespēju" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Dalībnieka rīki" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Dalībnieka rīki</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Dalībnieka izvēlne" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_lv.wikipedia.org&uselang=lv"><span>Ziedojumi</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Tjurki" title="Ieteicams izveidot kontu un pieslēgties; tomēr tas nav obligāti."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Izveidot jaunu Vikipēdijas kontu</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Tjurki" title="Aicinām tevi ieiet Vikipēdijā, tomēr tas nav obligāti. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ieiet Vikipēdijā</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Lapas redaktoriem, kuri nav pieslēgušies <a href="/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Ievads" aria-label="Uzzini vairāk par rediģēšanu"><span>uzzināt vairāk</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="Labojumi, kas veikti no šīs IP adreses [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Devums</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Diskusija par labojumiem, kas izdarīti no šīs IP adreses [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskusijas</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Vietne"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Saturs" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Saturs</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Sākums</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Vēsture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vēsture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Vēsture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vēsture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Atsauces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Atsauces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Atsauces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Atsauces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ārējās_saites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ārējās_saites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ārējās saites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ārējās_saites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Saturs" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Pārslēgt satura rādītāju" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Pārslēgt satura rādītāju</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Tjurki</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pāriet uz rakstu citā valodā. Pieejams 90 valodās" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-90" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">90 valodas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkse_volke" title="Turkse volke – afrikandu" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Turkse volke" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikandu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblos_turquicos" title="Pueblos turquicos – aragoniešu" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Pueblos turquicos" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83" title="ترك – arābu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ترك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arābu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83" title="ترك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ترك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblos_t%C3%BArquicos" title="Pueblos túrquicos – astūriešu" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Pueblos túrquicos" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astūriešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk_xalqlar%C4%B1" title="Türk xalqları – azerbaidžāņu" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Türk xalqları" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidžāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="تورک خالقلاری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="تورک خالقلاری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Төрки халыҡтар – baškīru" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Төрки халыҡтар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškīru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Цюркі – baltkrievu" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Цюркі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="baltkrievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Тюркски народи – bulgāru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тюркски народи" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B9" title="তুর্কীয় জাতিসমূহ – bengāļu" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তুর্কীয় জাতিসমূহ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkijski_narodi" title="Turkijski narodi – bosniešu" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Turkijski narodi" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pobles_t%C3%BArquics" title="Pobles túrquics – katalāņu" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pobles túrquics" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Туьркаш – čečenu" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Туьркаш" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="čečenu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%95%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="گەلانی تورک – centrālkurdu" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گەلانی تورک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centrālkurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkick%C3%A9_n%C3%A1rody" title="Turkické národy – čehu" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Turkické národy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čehu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%C4%95%D1%80%C4%95%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Тĕрĕксем – čuvašu" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тĕрĕксем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvašu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrkiske_folkeslag" title="Tyrkiske folkeslag – dāņu" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tyrkiske folkeslag" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkv%C3%B6lker" title="Turkvölker – vācu" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Turkvölker" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="vācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CF%86%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%B1" title="Τουρκικά φύλα – grieķu" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τουρκικά φύλα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grieķu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkic_peoples" title="Turkic peoples – angļu" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Turkic peoples" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tjurkaj_popoloj" title="Tjurkaj popoloj – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tjurkaj popoloj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblos_t%C3%BArquicos" title="Pueblos túrquicos – spāņu" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pueblos túrquicos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turgi_rahvad" title="Turgi rahvad – igauņu" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Turgi rahvad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="igauņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkiar_herriak" title="Turkiar herriak – basku" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Turkiar herriak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="مردم ترک – persiešu" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مردم ترک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkkilaiset_kansat" title="Turkkilaiset kansat – somu" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Turkkilaiset kansat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="somu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peuples_turciques" title="Peuples turciques – franču" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Peuples turciques" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franču" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkske_folken" title="Turkske folken – rietumfrīzu" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Turkske folken" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="rietumfrīzu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk_halklar%C4%B1" title="Türk halkları – gagauzu" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Türk halkları" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagauzu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pobos_turcos" title="Pobos turcos – galisiešu" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pobos turcos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thu%CC%8Dt-ki%C3%A2-ng%C3%ACn" title="Thu̍t-kiâ-ngìn – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Thu̍t-kiâ-ngìn" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="עמים טורקיים – ivrits" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עמים טורקיים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ivrits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="तुर्क लोग – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तुर्क लोग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkijski_narodi" title="Turkijski narodi – horvātu" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Turkijski narodi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6r%C3%B6k_n%C3%A9pek" title="Török népek – ungāru" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Török népek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D6%84%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Թյուրքեր – armēņu" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թյուրքեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumpun_suku_bangsa_Turkik" title="Rumpun suku bangsa Turkik – indonēziešu" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rumpun suku bangsa Turkik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonēziešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Тюркий – ingušu" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Тюркий" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingušu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turka_populi" title="Turka populi – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Turka populi" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popolazioni_turche" title="Popolazioni turche – itāļu" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Popolazioni turche" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%86%E3%83%A5%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AF%E7%B3%BB%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="テュルク系民族 – japāņu" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="テュルク系民族" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wong_Turk" title="Wong Turk – javiešu" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Wong Turk" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="თურქულენოვანი ხალხები – gruzīnu" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="თურქულენოვანი ხალხები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzīnu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Түркілер – kazahu" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Түркілер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8A%80%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC%EC%A1%B1" title="튀르크족 – korejiešu" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="튀르크족" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Тюркле – karačaju un balkāru" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Тюркле" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karačaju un balkāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gel%C3%AAn_tirk%C3%AE" title="Gelên tirkî – kurdu" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Gelên tirkî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%BA_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Туьрк халкьар – lezgīnu" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Туьрк халкьар" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezgīnu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiurkai" title="Tiurkai – lietuviešu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tiurkai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lietuviešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torkika_(vahoaka)" title="Torkika (vahoaka) – malagasu" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Torkika (vahoaka)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagasu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangso_turk" title="Bangso turk – minangkabavu" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bangso turk" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabavu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Туркиски народи – maķedoniešu" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Туркиски народи" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="maķedoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%A4" title="തുർക്കി ജനത – malajalu" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തുർക്കി ജനത" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3" title="Түрэг – mongoļu" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Түрэг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkse_volkeren" title="Turkse volkeren – holandiešu" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Turkse volkeren" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrkiske_folk" title="Tyrkiske folk – jaunnorvēģu" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tyrkiske folk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="jaunnorvēģu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrkere" title="Tyrkere – norvēģu bukmols" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tyrkere" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvēģu bukmols" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%95" title="ਤੁਰਕ ਲੋਕ – pandžabu" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤੁਰਕ ਲੋਕ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžabu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludy_tureckie" title="Ludy tureckie – poļu" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ludy tureckie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="ترک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ترک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%D9%8A_%D8%AE%D9%84%DA%A9_(%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="ترکي خلک (ترکان) – puštu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ترکي خلک (ترکان)" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="puštu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Povos_turcos" title="Povos turcos – portugāļu" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Povos turcos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popor_turcic" title="Popor turcic – rumāņu" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Popor turcic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Тюрки – krievu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тюрки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="krievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%80_%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Түүр омуктар – jakutu" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Түүр омуктар" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkijski_narodi" title="Turkijski narodi – serbu–horvātu" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Turkijski narodi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbu–horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkic_peoples" title="Turkic peoples – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Turkic peoples" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkick%C3%A9_n%C3%A1rody" title="Turkické národy – slovāku" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Turkické národy" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovāku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tur%C5%A1ka_ljudstva" title="Turška ljudstva – slovēņu" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Turška ljudstva" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Туркијски народи – serbu" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Туркијски народи" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkfolk" title="Turkfolk – zviedru" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Turkfolk" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="zviedru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mataifa_ya_Kiturki" title="Mataifa ya Kiturki – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mataifa ya Kiturki" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%81" title="துருக்கிய மக்கள் குழு – tamilu" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="துருக்கிய மக்கள் குழு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Туркҳо – tadžiku" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Туркҳо" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžiku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="กลุ่มชนเตอร์กิก – taju" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กลุ่มชนเตอร์กิก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrki_halklary" title="Türki halklary – turkmēņu" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Türki halklary" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk_halklar%C4%B1" title="Türk halkları – turku" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Türk halkları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Төрки халыклар – tatāru" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Төрки халыклар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Түрк – tuviešu" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Түрк" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuviešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%88%D8%B1%D9%83" title="تۈرك – uiguru" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="تۈرك" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uiguru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Тюрки – ukraiņu" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тюрки" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="ترک – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ترک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkiy_xalqlar" title="Turkiy xalqlar – uzbeku" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Turkiy xalqlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A1c_d%C3%A2n_t%E1%BB%99c_Turk" title="Các dân tộc Turk – vjetnamiešu" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Các dân tộc Turk" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnamiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AF%AD%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="突厥语民族 – vu ķīniešu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="突厥语民族" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vu ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="თურქულნინამი კათეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="თურქულნინამი კათეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E8%AA%9E%E6%97%8F%E7%BE%A4" title="突厥語族群 – ķīniešu" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="突厥語族群" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turk_l%C3%A2ng" title="Turk lâng – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Turk lâng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E4%BA%BA" title="突厥人 – kantoniešu" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="突厥人" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q83328#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Labot starpvalodu saites" class="wbc-editpage">Labot saites</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Vārdtelpas"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tjurki" title="Apskatīt rakstu [c]" 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Vikidatos</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Lapas rīki"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izskats"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izskats</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pārvietot uz sānjoslu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">paslēpt</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikipēdijas lapa</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lv" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:22em"><caption style="font-weight:bold"><span class="fn org">Tjurki</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Map-TurkicLanguages.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Map-TurkicLanguages.png/320px-Map-TurkicLanguages.png" decoding="async" width="320" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Map-TurkicLanguages.png/480px-Map-TurkicLanguages.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Map-TurkicLanguages.png/640px-Map-TurkicLanguages.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="625" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #fee8ab;">Visi iedzīvotāji</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #fff6d9;"> apmēram 150-200 miljoni<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #fee8ab;">Reģioni ar visvairāk iedzīvotājiem</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Turcija"><img alt="Flag of Turcija" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/33px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/44px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Turcija" title="Turcija">Turcija</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 55 000 000<sup id="cite_ref-cia_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Uzbekistāna"><img alt="Flag of Uzbekistāna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Uzbekist%C4%81na" title="Uzbekistāna">Uzbekistāna</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 26 000 000<sup id="cite_ref-cia2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Iran.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Irāna"><img alt="Flag of Irāna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/33px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/44px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ir%C4%81na" title="Irāna">Irāna</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 14 000 000-15 000 000<sup id="cite_ref-cia3_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Krievija"><img alt="Flag of Krievija" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Krievija" title="Krievija">Krievija</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 12 009 969</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Kazahstāna"><img alt="Flag of Kazahstāna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kazahst%C4%81na" title="Kazahstāna">Kazahstāna</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 12 000 000<sup id="cite_ref-cia4_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Ķīna"><img alt="Flag of Ķīna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABna" title="Ķīna">Ķīna</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 11 647 000<sup id="cite_ref-cia5_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia5-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Azerbaidžāna"><img alt="Flag of Azerbaidžāna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaid%C5%BE%C4%81na" title="Azerbaidžāna">Azerbaidžāna</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 9 047 000<sup id="cite_ref-cia6_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia6-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Europe.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Valsts karogs: Eiropas Savienība"><img alt="Valsts karogs: Eiropas Savienība" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/22px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/33px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/44px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></span> <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Eiropas_Savien%C4%ABba" title="Eiropas Savienība">Eiropas Savienība</a></span></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 5 876 318</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Turkmenistāna"><img alt="Flag of Turkmenistāna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Turkmenist%C4%81na" title="Turkmenistāna">Turkmenistāna</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 4 500 000<sup id="cite_ref-cia7_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia7-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Kirgizstāna"><img alt="Flag of Kirgizstāna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kirgizst%C4%81na" title="Kirgizstāna">Kirgizstāna</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 4 500 000<sup id="cite_ref-cia8_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia8-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Afghanistan_(2013%E2%80%932021).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Afganistāna"><img alt="Flag of Afganistāna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Afghanistan_%282013%E2%80%932021%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Afganist%C4%81na" title="Afganistāna">Afganistāna</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 3 500 000<sup id="cite_ref-cia9_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia9-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Iraq.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Irāka"><img alt="Flag of Irāka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/33px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/44px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ir%C4%81ka" title="Irāka">Irāka</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 1 500 000<sup id="cite_ref-cia10_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia10-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Tadžikistāna"><img alt="Flag of Tadžikistāna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tad%C5%BEikist%C4%81na" title="Tadžikistāna">Tadžikistāna</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 1 200 000<sup id="cite_ref-cia11_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia11-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Amerikas Savienotās Valstis"><img alt="Flag of Amerikas Savienotās Valstis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/ASV" class="mw-redirect" title="ASV">ASV</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 1 000 000+<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Pakistāna"><img alt="Flag of Pakistāna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Pakist%C4%81na" title="Pakistāna">Pakistāna</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 500 000<sup id="cite_ref-cia12_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia12-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Ziemeļkipra"><img alt="Flag of Ziemeļkipra" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Turkish_Republic_of_Northern_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/ZKTR" class="mw-redirect" title="ZKTR">ZKTR</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 298 862<sup id="cite_ref-census2006_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2006-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Australia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Austrālija"><img alt="Flag of Austrālija" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Austr%C4%81lija" title="Austrālija">Austrālija</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 293 500</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Georgia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Gruzija"><img alt="Flag of Gruzija" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gruzija" title="Gruzija">Gruzija</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 284 761<sup id="cite_ref-cia13_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia13-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Ukraina"><img alt="Flag of Ukraina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ukraina" title="Ukraina">Ukraina</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 275 300<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Saūda Arābija"><img alt="Flag of Saūda Arābija" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sa%C5%ABda_Ar%C4%81bija" title="Saūda Arābija">Saūda Arābija</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 224 460</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Syria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Sīrija"><img alt="Flag of Sīrija" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/33px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/44px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/S%C4%ABrija" title="Sīrija">Sīrija</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 100 000-200 000<sup id="cite_ref-cia14_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia14-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Moldova.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Moldova"><img alt="Flag of Moldova" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/22px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/33px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/44px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 158 300<sup id="cite_ref-cia15_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia15-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Mongolia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Mongolija"><img alt="Flag of Mongolija" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Mongolia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Mongolia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mongolija" title="Mongolija">Mongolija</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 106 955<sup id="cite_ref-cia16_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia16-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; background-color: #fff6d9;;text-align:left"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Ziemeļmaķedonija"><img alt="Flag of Ziemeļmaķedonija" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/22px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/33px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/44px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Zieme%C4%BCma%C4%B7edonija" title="Ziemeļmaķedonija">Ziemeļmaķedonija</a></th><td style="background-color: #fff6d9;"> 77 959<sup id="cite_ref-cia17_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia17-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #fee8ab;">Valodas</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #fff6d9;"> <a href="/wiki/Tjurku_valodas" title="Tjurku valodas">Tjurku valodas</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #fee8ab;">Reliģijas</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #fff6d9;"> <a href="/wiki/Ateisms" title="Ateisms">Ateisms</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agnosticisms" title="Agnosticisms">agnosticisms</a>, <a href="/wiki/Budisms" title="Budisms">budisms</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kristiet%C4%ABba" title="Kristietība">kristietība</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Isl%C4%81ms" title="Islāms">islāms</a>, <a href="/wiki/J%C5%ABdaisms" title="Jūdaisms">jūdaisms</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0amanisms" title="Šamanisms">šamanisms</a> un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengriisms&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tengriisms (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">tengriisms</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #fff6d9;"> <div style="text-align: left; font-size: 80%;"></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Tjurki</b> (<a href="/wiki/Turku_valoda" title="Turku valoda">turku</a>: <span lang="tr"><i>türk</i></span>) ir valodas ziņā radniecīga tautu grupa, pie kuras pieder <a href="/wiki/Turki_(taut%C4%ABba)" class="mw-redirect" title="Turki (tautība)">turki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tat%C4%81ri" title="Tatāri">tatāri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azerbaid%C5%BE%C4%81%C5%86i" title="Azerbaidžāņi">azerbaidžāņi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uzbeki" title="Uzbeki">uzbeki</a> u.c. tautas,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> kas runā <a href="/wiki/Tjurku_valodas" title="Tjurku valodas">tjurku valodās</a>. Tjurku tautas dzīvo <a href="/wiki/%C4%80zija" title="Āzija">Āzijas</a> centrālajā, austrumu un ziemeļu daļā, nedaudz arī <a href="/wiki/Eiropa" title="Eiropa">Eiropā</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vēsture"><span id="V.C4.93sture"></span>Vēsture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tjurki&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Labot sadaļu: Vēsture" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tjurki&action=edit&section=1" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Vēsture"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vārds "tjurks" parādījās 6. gadsimtā kā vietējo cilšu apvienības nosaukums <a href="/wiki/Altajs" title="Altajs">Altajā</a>, kur pārcēlās <a href="/wiki/Hu%C5%86%C5%86i" title="Huņņi">huņņi</a> no ašinas cilts, kas agrāk mita <a href="/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABna" title="Ķīna">Ķīnas</a> Rietumu novadā, uz ziemeļiem no Tarimas upes. <a href="/wiki/D%C4%81%C5%86i" title="Dāņi">Dāņu</a> valodnieks Vilhems Tomsens, kurš 1893. gadā atšifrēja seno tjurku <a href="/wiki/R%C5%ABnu_raksts" title="Rūnu raksts">rūniskās</a> rakstu zīmes, uzskatīja, ka vārds "tjurks" nozīmē "spēks", "varenība", un sākotnēji tā sauca kādu atsevišķu cilti vai, visticamāk, valdnieku dzimtu. Tam drīzāk bija politisks, ne etnogrāfisks saturs; uz to norāda, piemēram, teiciens "Mani tjurki, mana tauta". </p><p>Cilšu apvienības veiksmīgā karadarbība apkārtējās zemēs noveda pie <a href="/wiki/Tjurku_kagan%C4%81ts" title="Tjurku kaganāts">Tjurku kaganāta</a> izveides Centrālajā un Austrumāzijā. Kaganāts pastāvēja no 551. līdz 745. gadam un aptvēra teritoriju no Bohajas līča līdz <a href="/wiki/Ker%C4%8Das_%C5%A1aurums" title="Kerčas šaurums">Kerčas jūras šaurumam</a>, no <a href="/wiki/Je%C5%86iseja" title="Jeņiseja">Jeņisejas</a> augšteces līdz <a href="/wiki/Amudarja" title="Amudarja">Amudarjas</a> augštecei. Par Tjurku kaganāta dibinātāju tiek uzskatīts <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bumins&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bumins (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Bumins</a>, kas pieņēma <a href="/wiki/Kagans" title="Kagans">kagana</a> titulu 551. gadā. Valdnieka mītne atradās <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orhona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orhona (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Orhonas</a> upes augštecē. Drīz tjurku kontrolē nokļuva <a href="/wiki/Z%C4%ABda_ce%C4%BC%C5%A1" title="Zīda ceļš">Zīda ceļa</a> liela daļa, līdz ar to saviem kaimiņiem ierobežojot tirdzniecības sakarus. Kaganāta valdnieki kopā ar <a href="/wiki/Austrumromas_imp%C4%93rija" title="Austrumromas impērija">Bizantiju</a> cīnījās ar <a href="/wiki/Sasan%C4%ABdu_imp%C4%93rija" title="Sasanīdu impērija">Sasanīdu impēriju</a>, kā rezultātā viņiem izdevās tikt līdz Amudarjai, bet pēc tam pievienot vairākus apgabalus upes rietumu krastā. 576. gadā tjurki ieņēma Bosporu (<a href="/wiki/Ker%C4%8Da" title="Kerča">Kerču</a>), pēc četriem gadiem aplenca <a href="/wiki/Herson%C4%93sa" title="Hersonēsa">Hersonēsu</a>. Viņu kustība uz rietumiem bija ne tikai jaunu teritoriju iekarošana, bet arī liela tjurku tautu migrācija, notika to apmešanās plašos rajonos Rietumu novadā un Centrālāzijas austrumos. tjurki iekarotajās teritorijās parasti neiejaucās pamattautu dzīvē, aprobežojoties tikai ar savas suverenitātes nostiprināšanu un <a href="/wiki/Mesli" title="Mesli">meslu</a> vākšanu. </p><p>Sakarā ar iekšpolitisko krīzi, iekšējiem konfliktiem un ķīniešu <a href="/wiki/Sui_dinastija" title="Sui dinastija">Sui dinastijas</a> iejaukšanos, tjurku lielvalsts sadalījās Austrumu un Rietumu kaganātā, kuri savā starpā ilgstoši karoja. 7. gadsimtā tie divas reizes pēc kārtas (630. un 658. gadā) cieta sakāvi karos ar <a href="/wiki/Tanu_dinastija" title="Tanu dinastija">Tanu dinastijas</a> Ķīnu un beidza pastāvēt. tjurki atjaunoja Austrumu kaganātu 7. gadsimta beigās, pakļaujot <a href="/wiki/Uiguri" title="Uiguri">uiguru</a> un kidanu ciltis, sagraujot karlukus un Jeņisejas kirgīzus, izrādot sīvu pretestību tanu Ķīnas armijai. Par kaganu kļuva Kutlugs (Ilteres-kagans). Nakamā valdnieka Kapagan-kagana (691—716) laikā otrais Austrumu kaganāts sasniedza visaugstāko uzplaukumu. </p><p>Austrumu tjurki 8. gadsimtā centās pretoties Centrālāzijā iebrūkošajiem <a href="/wiki/Ar%C4%81bi" title="Arābi">arābu</a> iekarotājiem, bet pēc sakāves pie <a href="/wiki/Samarkanda" title="Samarkanda">Samarkandas</a> atkāpās. Viņu valdnieki vēl pusgadsimtu sargāja neatkarību smagās cīņās pret Tanu impēriju un tās sabiedrotajiem. Pēc Bilge-kagana un viņa brāļa Kol-tegina nāves tjurki zaudēja iniciatīvu un pārgāja aizsardzībā. Vislielākās briesmas kaganātam tomēr sagādāja <a href="/wiki/Uiguri" title="Uiguri">uiguri</a>. Uigurus 680. gados pakļāva austrumu tjurki, bet pēc vairāk nekā 60 gadiem viņi guva revanšu, kopā ar kaimiņu ciltīm sagraujot otro Austrumu kaganātu. Jāpiebilst, ka tā krahu paātrināja iekšējās pretrunas un nesaskaņas. Tā vietā 745. gadā radās Uiguru kaganāts. </p><p>Ar laiku arābu vēsturnieki un ģeogrāfi ar vārdu "tjurki" sāka apzīmēt veselas tautu un valodu grupas. Lai gan tjurku tautām bija valodas kopība, pašām ciltīm trūka etniskās pašapziņas. Līdz ar <a href="/wiki/Isl%C4%81ms" title="Islāms">islāma</a> pieņemšanu šīs tautas sāka sevi saukt par tjurkiem. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Atsauces">Atsauces</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tjurki&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Labot sadaļu: Atsauces" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tjurki&action=edit&section=2" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Atsauces"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brigitte Moser, Michael Wilhelm Weithmann, Landeskunde Türkei: Geschichte, Gesellschaft und Kultur, Buske Publishing, 2008, p.173</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Deutsches Orient-Institut, Orient, Vol. 41, Alfred Röper Publushing, 2000, p.611</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170702111626/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html">«Turkey»</a>. The World Factbook. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2017. gada 2. jūlijā<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2013. gada 9. februāris</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia2_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160709035649/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/uz.html">«Uzbekistan»</a>. The World Factbook. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/uz.html">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2016. gada 9. jūlijā<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 13. maijs</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia3-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia3_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120203093100/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ir.html">«Iran»</a>. The World Factbook. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ir.html">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2012. gada 3. februārī<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 13. maijs</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia4-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia4_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181226010136/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/kz.html%20">«Kazakhstan»</a>. The World Factbook. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/kz.html">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2018. gada 26. decembrī<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 13. maijs</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia5-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia5_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161013030611/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.html">«China»</a>. The World Factbook. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.html">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2016. gada 13. oktobrī<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 13. maijs</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia6-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia6_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160709035525/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/aj.html">«Azerbaijan»</a>. The World Factbook. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/aj.html">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2016. gada 9. jūlijā<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 13. maijs</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia7-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia7_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ux.html">«Turkmenistan»</a>. The World Factbook<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 13. maijs</span>.</span><sup title="Novecojusi saite">[<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:Link rot">novecojusi saite</a>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia8-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia8_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151127011116/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/kg.html">«Kyrgyzstan»</a>. The World Factbook. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/kg.html">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2015. gada 27. novembrī<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 13. maijs</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia9-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia9_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170920072213/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/af.html">«Afganistan»</a>. The World Factbook. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/af.html">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2017. gada 20. septembrī<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 13. maijs</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia10-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia10_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181224211125/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/iz.html">«Iraq»</a>. The World Factbook. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/iz.html">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2018. gada 24. decembrī<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 13. maijs</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia11-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia11_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010331101740/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ti.html">«Tajikistan»</a>. The World Factbook. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ti.html">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2001. gada 31. martā<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 13. maijs</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140905004354/http://m.stlamerican.com/reader_interaction/letters_to_the_editor/article_a906f9d6-4a8f-11e0-9d87-001cc4c03286.html">«Arhivēta kopija»</a>. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://m.stlamerican.com/reader_interaction/letters_to_the_editor/article_a906f9d6-4a8f-11e0-9d87-001cc4c03286.html">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2014. gada 5. septembrī<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 24. maijā</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia12-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia12_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150703220143/https://www.cia.gov/Library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/pk.html">«Pakistan»</a>. The World Factbook. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/pk.html">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2015. gada 3. jūlijā<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 13. maijs</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census2006-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-census2006_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nufussayimi.devplan.org/Census%202006.pdf">«Census.XLS»</a> (PDF)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: <span class="nowrap">2014-02-14</span></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia13-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia13_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151016075816/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gg.html">«Georgia»</a>. The World Factbook. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gg.html">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2015. gada 16. oktobrī<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 13. maijs</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041031064500/http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/nationality">«Results / General results of the census / National composition of population»</a>. <i>All-Ukrainian Census, 2001</i>. 2001. gada 5. decembris. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/nationality">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2004-10-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: <span class="nowrap">2007-08-05</span></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia14-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia14_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171229122345/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sy.html">«Syria»</a>. The World Factbook. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sy.html">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2017. gada 29. decembrī<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 13. maijs</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia15-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia15_20-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200425182435/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/md.html">«Moldova»</a>. The World Factbook. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/md.html">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2020. gada 25. aprīlī<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 13. maijs</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia16-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia16_21-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101229001357/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mg.html">«Mongolia»</a>. The World Factbook. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mg.html">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2010. gada 29. decembrī<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 13. maijs</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia17-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia17_22-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180128152123/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mk.html">«Macedonia»</a>. The World Factbook. Arhivēts no <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/mk.html">oriģināla</a>, laiks: 2018. gada 28. janvārī<span class="reference-accessdate">. Skatīts: 2014. gada 13. maijs</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Budisti ir Sibīrijas gagausi un Ķīnas Gansu provinces dzeltenie uiguri.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kristieši ir Donavas deltas gagausi, Volgas baseina čuvaši un jakuti, kā arī mazākas tjurku grupas Sibīrijā.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Svešvārdu vārdnīca: Juris Baldunčiks, Kornēlija Pokrotniece. — Rīga: Apgāds „Jumava”, 2005. — 601. lpp.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ārējās_saites"><span id=".C4.80r.C4.93j.C4.81s_saites"></span>Ārējās saites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tjurki&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Labot sadaļu: Ārējās saites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>labot šo sadaļu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tjurki&action=edit&section=3" title="Labot sadaļas vikikodu: Ārējās saites"><span>labot pirmkodu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint tright portāls2" style="border:solid #aaa 1px; margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 0.5em;"> <table style="background:#f9f9f9; font-size:85%; line-height:110%; max-width:175px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Flag_of_Turkey.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Portal icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/32px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/48px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/64px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td style="padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: middle; font-style: italic; font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Port%C4%81ls:Turcija" title="Portāls:Turcija">Turcijas portāls</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turklib.com/">Turkistan library</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(krieviski)</span></li></ul> <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-skatīt"><a href="/wiki/Veidne:Tjurku_valstis" title="Veidne:Tjurku valstis"><abbr title="Skatīt šo veidni" style=";;;background:none transparent;border:none;">s</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskusija"><a href="/wiki/Veidnes_diskusija:Tjurku_valstis" title="Veidnes diskusija:Tjurku valstis"><abbr title="Diskusija par šo veidni" style="color:#002bb8;;;;background:none transparent;border:none;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-labot"><a class="external text" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veidne:Tjurku_valstis&action=edit"><abbr title="Labot šo veidni" style=";;;background:none transparent;border:none;">l</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Tjurku_valodas" title="Tjurku valodas">Tjurku valodās</a> runājošās nācijas un valstis</div></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Rietumu tjurki</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaid%C5%BE%C4%81na" title="Azerbaidžāna">Azerbaidžāna</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C5%A1kortost%C4%81na" title="Baškortostāna">Baškortostāna</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cuva%C5%A1ija" title="Čuvašija">Čuvašija</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zieme%C4%BCkipras_Turku_republika" class="mw-redirect" title="Ziemeļkipras Turku republika">Ziemeļkipras Turku republika</a><sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gagauzija" title="Gagauzija">Gagauzija</a><sup>4</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabarda-Balk%C4%81rija" title="Kabarda-Balkārija">Kabarda-Balkārija</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kara%C4%8Daja-%C4%8Cerkesija" title="Karačaja-Čerkesija">Karačaja-Čerkesija</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakalpakst%C4%81na" title="Karakalpakstāna">Karakalpakstāna</a><sup>5</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazahst%C4%81na" title="Kazahstāna">Kazahstāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatarst%C4%81na" title="Tatarstāna">Tatarstāna</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmenist%C4%81na" title="Turkmenistāna">Turkmenistāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turcija" title="Turcija">Turcija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbekist%C4%81na" title="Uzbekistāna">Uzbekistāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Si%C5%86dzjana" title="Siņdzjana">ĶTR Siņdzjanas reģions</a><sup>6</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group">Austrumu tjurki</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altaja_Republika" title="Altaja Republika">Altaja Republika</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakasija" title="Hakasija">Hakasija</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirgizst%C4%81na" title="Kirgizstāna">Kirgizstāna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahas_Republika" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahas Republika">Saha</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiva" title="Tiva">Tiva</a><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>(1) kopā ar <a href="/wiki/Nahi%C4%8Dev%C4%81na" class="mw-redirect" title="Nahičevāna">Nahičevānas Autonomo republiku</a>; (2) <a href="/wiki/Krievija" title="Krievija">Krievijas Federācijas</a> sastāvā; (3) skatīt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kipras_jaut%C4%81jums&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kipras jautājums (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Kipras jautājums</a>;<br />(4) Gagauzija ir teritoriāli autonoma <a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldovas</a> sastāvdaļa; (5) Karakalpakstāna ir Uzbekistānas autonoma sastāvdaļa; (6) Siņdzjanas Uiguru reģions ir autonoma <a href="/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABnas_Tautas_Republika" class="mw-redirect" title="Ķīnas Tautas Republika">Ķīnas Tautas Republikas</a> sastāvdaļa</div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-skatīt"><a href="/wiki/Veidne:Turcijas_t%C4%93mas" title="Veidne:Turcijas tēmas"><abbr title="Skatīt šo veidni" style=";;;background:none transparent;border:none;">s</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-diskusija"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Veidnes_diskusija:Turcijas_t%C4%93mas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veidnes diskusija:Turcijas tēmas (vēl nav uzrakstīts)"><abbr title="Diskusija par šo veidni" style="color:#002bb8;;;;background:none transparent;border:none;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-labot"><a class="external text" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Veidne:Turcijas_t%C4%93mas&action=edit"><abbr title="Labot šo veidni" style=";;;background:none transparent;border:none;">l</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Turcija" title="Turcija">Turcija</a> tēmās</div></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;;"><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Turcijas_cilv%C4%93ki" title="Kategorija:Turcijas cilvēki">Iedzīvotāji</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.4em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background:#f7f7f7;;background:transparent;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">tjurki</a> · <a href="/wiki/Turki" title="Turki">turki</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_iedz%C4%ABvot%C4%81ji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas iedzīvotāji (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Turcijas iedzīvotāji</a> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategorija:Turcijas_iedz%C4%ABvot%C4%81ji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategorija:Turcijas iedzīvotāji (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">...</a></i></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;;"><a href="/wiki/Turcijas_v%C4%93sture" title="Turcijas vēsture">Vēsture</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.4em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background:transparent;;background:transparent;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Rumas_sultan%C4%81ts" title="Rumas sultanāts">Rumas sultanāts</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anatolijas_turku_bejliki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anatolijas turku bejliki (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Anatolijas turku bejliki</a> · <a href="/wiki/Osma%C5%86u_imp%C4%93rija" title="Osmaņu impērija">Osmaņu impērija</a> - (<a href="/wiki/Osma%C5%86u_imp%C4%93rijas_uzplaukums" title="Osmaņu impērijas uzplaukums">uzplaukums</a>, <a href="/wiki/Osma%C5%86u_imp%C4%93rijas_izple%C5%A1an%C4%81s" title="Osmaņu impērijas izplešanās">izplešanās</a>, <a href="/wiki/Osma%C5%86u_imp%C4%93rijas_stagn%C4%81cija" title="Osmaņu impērijas stagnācija">stagnācija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Osma%C5%86u_imp%C4%93rijas_pan%C4%ABkums" title="Osmaņu impērijas panīkums">panīkums</a>, <a href="/wiki/Osma%C5%86u_imp%C4%93rijas_sadal%C4%AB%C5%A1ana" title="Osmaņu impērijas sadalīšana">sadalīšana</a> un <a href="/wiki/Osma%C5%86u_imp%C4%93rijas_sabrukums" title="Osmaņu impērijas sabrukums">sabrukums</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Turcijas_v%C4%93sture" title="Turcijas vēsture">Turcijas vēsture</a> - (<a href="/wiki/Turcijas_neatkar%C4%ABbas_kar%C5%A1" title="Turcijas neatkarības karš">Neatkarības karš</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_vienpartijas_vald%C4%ABba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas vienpartijas valdība (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">vienpartijas valdība</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_daudzpartiju_vald%C4%ABba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas daudzpartiju valdība (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">daudzpartiju valdība</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Osma%C5%86u_imp%C4%93rijas_bru%C5%86otie_sp%C4%93ki" title="Osmaņu impērijas bruņotie spēki">bruņoto spēku vēsture</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_konstitucion%C4%81l%C4%81_v%C4%93sture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas konstitucionālā vēsture (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">konstitucionālā vēsture</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_ekonomisk%C4%81_v%C4%93sture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas ekonomiskā vēsture (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">ekonomiskā vēsture</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Turcijas_v%C4%93sture" title="Kategorija:Turcijas vēsture">...</a></i></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding:0.2em 1.0em; 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line-height:1.1em;;"><a href="/wiki/Turcijas_ties%C4%ABbu_sist%C4%93ma" title="Turcijas tiesību sistēma">Tiesību sistēma</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.4em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background:#f7f7f7;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Turcijas_konstit%C5%ABcija" title="Turcijas konstitūcija">konstitūcija</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_Konstitucion%C4%81l%C4%81_tiesa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas Konstitucionālā tiesa (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Konstitucionālā tiesa</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_likumdo%C5%A1ana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas likumdošana (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">likumdošana</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Turcijas_ties%C4%ABbu_sist%C4%93ma" title="Kategorija:Turcijas tiesību sistēma">...</a></i></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding:0.2em 1.0em; 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line-height:1.1em;;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_transports&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas transports (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Transports</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.4em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background:transparent;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategorija:Turcijas_Valsts_Dzelzce%C4%BC%C5%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategorija:Turcijas Valsts Dzelzceļš (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">dzelzceļš</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategorija:Turcijas_gaisa_satiksme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategorija:Turcijas gaisa satiksme (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">gaisa satiksme</a> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategorija:Turcijas_transports&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategorija:Turcijas transports (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">...</a></i></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_iedz%C4%ABvot%C4%81ji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas iedzīvotāji (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Iedzīvotāji</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.4em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background:#f7f7f7;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"><a href="/wiki/Turku_valoda" title="Turku valoda">turku valoda</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_izgl%C4%ABt%C4%ABba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas izglītība (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">izglītība</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reli%C4%A3ija_Turcij%C4%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reliģija Turcijā (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">reliģija</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turku_diaspora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turku diaspora (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">turku diaspora</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imigr%C4%81cija_Turcij%C4%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imigrācija Turcijā (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">imigrācija</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cilv%C4%93kties%C4%ABbas_Turcij%C4%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cilvēktiesības Turcijā (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">cilvēktiesības</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Turcijas_sabiedr%C4%ABba" title="Kategorija:Turcijas sabiedrība">...</a></i></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;;"><a href="/wiki/Turcijas_kult%C5%ABra" title="Turcijas kultūra">Kultūra</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.4em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background:transparent;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Osma%C5%86u_arhitekt%C5%ABra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Osmaņu arhitektūra (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">arhitektūra</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_m%C4%81ksla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas māksla (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">māksla</a> · <a href="/wiki/Turcijas_kino" title="Turcijas kino">kino</a> · <a href="/wiki/Turcijas_virtuve" title="Turcijas virtuve">virtuve</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_dejas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas dejas (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">dejas</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_sv%C4%93tki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas svētki (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">svētki</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turku_folklora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turku folklora (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">folklora</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_valsts_sv%C4%93tku_dienas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas valsts svētku dienas (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">svētku dienas</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_literat%C5%ABra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas literatūra (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">literatūra</a> · <a href="/wiki/Turcijas_m%C5%ABzika" title="Turcijas mūzika">mūzika</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Sports_Turcij%C4%81" title="Kategorija:Sports Turcijā">sports</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_te%C4%81tris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas teātris (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">teātris</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Turcijas_kult%C5%ABra" title="Kategorija:Turcijas kultūra">...</a></i></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;;"><a href="/wiki/Turcijas_mediji" title="Turcijas mediji">Mediji</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.4em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background:#f7f7f7;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_telev%C4%ABzjas_kan%C4%81lu_uzskait%C4%ABjums&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas televīzjas kanālu uzskaitījums (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">TV</a> · <a href="/wiki/Turcijas_laikrakstu_uzskait%C4%ABjums" title="Turcijas laikrakstu uzskaitījums">laikraksti</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_radio_staciju_uzskait%C4%ABjums&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas radio staciju uzskaitījums (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">radio</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Turcijas_mediji" class="mw-redirect" title="Kategorija:Turcijas mediji">...</a></i></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_t%C5%ABrisms&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas tūrisms (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Tūrisms</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.4em 0; line-height:1.4em;;background:transparent;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turcijas_rivj%C4%93ra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turcijas rivjēra (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Turcijas rivjēra</a> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategorija:Turcijas_t%C5%ABrisms&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategorija:Turcijas tūrisms (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">...</a></i></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td colspan="2"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;;">Citas</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.4em 0; 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