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class="mw-page-title-main">Kvant-2</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvant-2" title="Kvant-2 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kvant-2" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwant_2" title="Kwant 2 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kwant 2" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvant-2" title="Kvant-2 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kvant-2" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvant-2" title="Kvant-2 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Kvant-2" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvant-2" title="Kvant-2 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kvant-2" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3%E3%83%882" title="クバント2 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クバント2" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwant-2" title="Kwant-2 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kwant-2" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvant-2" title="Kvant-2 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kvant-2" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82-2" title="Квант-2 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Квант-2" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvant-2" title="Kvant-2 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kvant-2" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82-2_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%97_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97_%C2%AB%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80%C2%BB)" title="Квант-2 (модуль орбітальної станції «Мир») – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Квант-2 (модуль орбітальної станції «Мир»)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%902%E5%8F%B7" title="量子2号 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="量子2号" 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Kvant-2</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:STS089-703-092_cropped_to_show_only_Kvant-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/STS089-703-092_cropped_to_show_only_Kvant-2.jpg/240px-STS089-703-092_cropped_to_show_only_Kvant-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="364" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/STS089-703-092_cropped_to_show_only_Kvant-2.jpg/360px-STS089-703-092_cropped_to_show_only_Kvant-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/STS089-703-092_cropped_to_show_only_Kvant-2.jpg/480px-STS089-703-092_cropped_to_show_only_Kvant-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1716" data-file-height="2602" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Kvant-2 module</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Module statistics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Designator" title="International Designator">COSPAR ID</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1989-093A">1989-093A</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Mir" title="Mir">Mir</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Rocket_launch" class="mw-redirect" title="Rocket launch">Launch date</a></th><td class="infobox-data">November 26, 1989<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtstart">1989-11-26</span>)</span> <a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Launch_vehicle" title="Launch vehicle">Launch vehicle</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Proton_rocket" class="mw-redirect" title="Proton rocket">Proton-K</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Space_rendezvous" title="Space rendezvous">Docked</a></th><td class="infobox-data">December 6, 1989 <a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Atmospheric_reentry" class="mw-redirect" title="Atmospheric reentry">Reentry</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Deorbit_of_Mir" title="Deorbit of Mir">March 23, 2001 05:50:00 UTC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Mass" title="Mass">Mass</a></th><td class="infobox-data">19,640 kg (43,300 lb)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">12.2 m (40 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">4.35 m (14.3 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pressurised <a href="/wiki/Volume" title="Volume">volume</a></th><td class="infobox-data">61.9 m<sup>3</sup> (2,190 cu ft)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kvant-2</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Квант-2</span>; <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>: <b>Quantum-II/2</b>) (77KSD, TsM-D, 11F77D) was the third module and second major addition to the <a href="/wiki/Mir" title="Mir">Mir space station</a>. Its primary purpose was to deliver new science experiments, better life support systems, and an airlock to Mir. It was launched on November 26, 1989 on a <a href="/wiki/Proton_rocket" class="mw-redirect" title="Proton rocket">Proton rocket</a>. It docked to Mir on December 6. Its control system was designed by the <a href="/wiki/Khartron" title="Khartron">NPO "Electropribor"</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvant-2&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kvant_2_module_drawing.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Kvant_2_module_drawing.png/200px-Kvant_2_module_drawing.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Kvant_2_module_drawing.png/300px-Kvant_2_module_drawing.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Kvant_2_module_drawing.png/400px-Kvant_2_module_drawing.png 2x" data-file-width="2767" data-file-height="1167" /></a><figcaption>Isolated view of Kvant-2</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kvant-2_-_Mir_module.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Kvant-2_-_Mir_module.png/200px-Kvant-2_-_Mir_module.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Kvant-2_-_Mir_module.png/300px-Kvant-2_-_Mir_module.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Kvant-2_-_Mir_module.png/400px-Kvant-2_-_Mir_module.png 2x" data-file-width="4664" data-file-height="2737" /></a><figcaption>Cut-away view of Kvant-2</figcaption></figure> <p>Kvant-2 was the first Mir module based on the <a href="/wiki/TKS_spacecraft" class="mw-redirect" title="TKS spacecraft">TKS spacecraft</a> (77k module). Kvant-2 was divided into three compartments. They were the <a href="/wiki/Extra-vehicular_activity" class="mw-redirect" title="Extra-vehicular activity">EVA</a> airlock, the instrument/cargo compartment, and the instrument/experiment compartment. The instrument/cargo compartment could be sealed off and act as an extension or a back-up to the airlock. Before Kvant-2 docked to the station, EVAs had to be carried by depressurizing the docking node on the <a href="/wiki/Mir_Core_Module" title="Mir Core Module">Core Module</a>. Kvant-2 also carried the Soviet version of the <a href="/wiki/Manned_Maneuvering_Unit" title="Manned Maneuvering Unit">Manned Maneuvering Unit</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Orlan_space_suit" title="Orlan space suit">Orlan space suit</a>. It delivered the Salyut 5B computer which was an improvement over the Argon 16B computer already on the station. Kvant-2 had a system for regenerating water from urine and a shower for personal hygiene. It carried six <a href="/wiki/Control_moment_gyroscope" title="Control moment gyroscope">gyrodynes</a> to augment those already located in <a href="/wiki/Kvant-1" title="Kvant-1">Kvant-1</a>. Unlike Kvant-1, Kvant-2's gyrodynes were only accessible from the exterior which made replacement of failed ones more difficult. </p><p>Scientific equipment on Kvant-2 included a high-resolution camera, spectrometers, X-ray sensors, the Volna 2 fluid flow experiment, and the Inkubator-2 unit which was used for hatching and raising <a href="/wiki/Quail" title="Quail">quail</a>. A list of experiments and equipment follows: </p> <ul><li>ARIZ X-ray spectrometer</li> <li>ASPG-M scan platform carrying ITS-7D IR spectrometer (using the Czech sensor platform first used on Vega spacecraft).</li> <li>Cosmic dust detectors</li> <li>Gamma 2 spectrometer package</li> <li>Ikar EVA unit</li> <li>Inkubator 2 - bird egg incubator</li> <li>KAP-350 topographic camera</li> <li>MKF-6MA Earth resources film camera - 6 spectral bands. Provided by East Germany.</li> <li>MKS-M2 optical spectrometer</li> <li>Phaza AFM-2 spectrometer</li> <li>Spektr-256 spectrometer</li> <li>Sprut 5 charged particle spectrometer (installed 1991).</li> <li>TV cameras</li> <li>Volna 2 propellant tank demonstration (250 kg)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvant-2&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kvant-2_Airlock_SPK.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Airlock section on Kvant-2. Notice the SPK unit moored on the left."><img alt="Airlock section on Kvant-2. Notice the SPK unit moored on the left." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Kvant-2_Airlock_SPK.jpg/120px-Kvant-2_Airlock_SPK.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Kvant-2_Airlock_SPK.jpg/180px-Kvant-2_Airlock_SPK.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Kvant-2_Airlock_SPK.jpg/240px-Kvant-2_Airlock_SPK.jpg 2x" data-file-width="538" data-file-height="358" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Airlock section on Kvant-2. Notice the SPK unit moored on the left.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Close-up_of_the_SPK_outside_of_Mir.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Close-up of the SPK unit outside the airlock. The SPK was analogous to the American manned maneuvering unit. After being tested in 1990, it was stowed in Kvant-2 until 1996. It was then moved outside the airlock to save room in Kvant-2."><img alt="Close-up of the SPK unit outside the airlock. The SPK was analogous to the American manned maneuvering unit. After being tested in 1990, it was stowed in Kvant-2 until 1996. It was then moved outside the airlock to save room in Kvant-2." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Close-up_of_the_SPK_outside_of_Mir.jpg/120px-Close-up_of_the_SPK_outside_of_Mir.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Close-up_of_the_SPK_outside_of_Mir.jpg/180px-Close-up_of_the_SPK_outside_of_Mir.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Close-up_of_the_SPK_outside_of_Mir.jpg/240px-Close-up_of_the_SPK_outside_of_Mir.jpg 2x" data-file-width="544" data-file-height="354" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Close-up of the SPK unit outside the airlock. The SPK was analogous to the American <a href="/wiki/Manned_maneuvering_unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Manned maneuvering unit">manned maneuvering unit</a>. After being tested in 1990, it was stowed in Kvant-2 until 1996. It was then moved outside the airlock to save room in Kvant-2.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvant-2&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mir_modules" title="Template:Mir modules"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mir_modules" title="Template talk:Mir modules"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mir_modules" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mir modules"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Components_of_Mir" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Components of <i><a href="/wiki/Mir" title="Mir">Mir</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Soviet modules</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mir_Core_Module" title="Mir Core Module">Core module</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvant-1" title="Kvant-1"><i>Kvant</i>-1</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Kvant</i>-2</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kristall" title="Kristall">Kristall</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Mir_insignia.svg/120px-Mir_insignia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Mir_insignia.svg/180px-Mir_insignia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Mir_insignia.svg/240px-Mir_insignia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="305" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russian/American modules</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Spektr" title="Spektr">Spektr</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_Docking_Module" title="Mir Docking Module">Docking module</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Priroda" title="Priroda">Priroda</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other subsystems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyappa_arm" title="Lyappa arm"><i>Lyappa</i> arm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strela_(crane)" title="Strela (crane)"><i>Strela</i> crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Androgynous_Peripheral_Attach_System" title="Androgynous Peripheral Attach System">APAS-89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luch_(satellite)" title="Luch (satellite)"><i>Luch</i> satellites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_Environmental_Effects_Payload" title="Mir Environmental Effects Payload">Mir Environmental Effects Payload</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Visiting spacecraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_(spacecraft)" title="Soyuz (spacecraft)">Soyuz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_(spacecraft)" title="Progress (spacecraft)">Progress</a> (<a href="/wiki/VBK-Raduga" title="VBK-Raduga">VBK-Raduga</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shuttle-Mir_Program" class="mw-redirect" title="Shuttle-Mir Program">Shuttle-<i>Mir</i> programme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deorbit_of_Mir" title="Deorbit of Mir">Deorbit of Mir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MirCorp" class="mw-redirect" title="MirCorp">MirCorp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_human_spaceflights_to_Mir" title="List of human spaceflights to Mir">List of human spaceflights to Mir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_uncrewed_spaceflights_to_Mir" title="List of uncrewed spaceflights to Mir">List of uncrewed spaceflights to Mir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mir_expeditions" title="List of Mir expeditions">List of Mir expeditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mir_spacewalks" title="List of Mir spacewalks">List of Mir spacewalks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mir_visitors" title="List of Mir visitors">List of Mir visitors</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="TKS_spacecraft" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="4"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:TKS_spacecraft" title="Template:TKS spacecraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:TKS_spacecraft" title="Template talk:TKS spacecraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:TKS_spacecraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:TKS spacecraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="TKS_spacecraft" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/TKS_(spacecraft)" title="TKS (spacecraft)">TKS spacecraft</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 2px 0 0"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:TKS_spacecraft_drawing_(svg).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/TKS_spacecraft_drawing_%28svg%29.svg/110px-TKS_spacecraft_drawing_%28svg%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/TKS_spacecraft_drawing_%28svg%29.svg/165px-TKS_spacecraft_drawing_%28svg%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/TKS_spacecraft_drawing_%28svg%29.svg/220px-TKS_spacecraft_drawing_%28svg%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="412" data-file-height="249" /></a></span></div></td><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/TKS_(spacecraft)#Missions" title="TKS (spacecraft)">TKS spacecraft test missions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_929" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosmos 929">Kosmos 929</a> (TKS-1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_1267" title="Kosmos 1267">Kosmos 1267</a> (TKS-2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_1443" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosmos 1443">Kosmos 1443</a> (TKS-3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_1686" title="Kosmos 1686">Kosmos 1686</a> (TKS-4)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:TKS_cutaway.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/TKS_cutaway.png/200px-TKS_cutaway.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/TKS_cutaway.png/300px-TKS_cutaway.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/TKS_cutaway.png/400px-TKS_cutaway.png 2x" data-file-width="2646" data-file-height="1009" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/VA_spacecraft#Test_flights" title="VA spacecraft">VA spacecraft test flights</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_881&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 881 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 881</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_882&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 882 (page does not exist)">882</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VA_spacecraft#VA_#009" title="VA spacecraft">VA #009</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_997&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 997 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 997</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_998&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 998 (page does not exist)">998</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1100&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1100 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1100</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1101&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1101 (page does not exist)">1101</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Functional_Cargo_Block" title="Functional Cargo Block">Functional Cargo Block</a> (FGB)<br /> derived hardware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Mir: <a href="/wiki/Kvant-1" title="Kvant-1"><i>Kvant</i>-1</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Kvant</i>-2</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kristall" title="Kristall">Kristall</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spektr" title="Spektr">Spektr</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Priroda" title="Priroda">Priroda</a></i></li> <li>ISS: <i><a href="/wiki/Zarya_(ISS_module)" title="Zarya (ISS module)">Zarya</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauka_(ISS_module)" title="Nauka (ISS module)"><i>Nauka</i></a></li> <li>Free flying: <a href="/wiki/Polyus_(spacecraft)_(Template)" class="mw-redirect" title="Polyus (spacecraft) (Template)"><i>Polyus</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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