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<span>Description</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Description-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Description subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-History_of_the_delta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_of_the_delta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>History of the delta</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_of_the_delta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Topography_and_hydrography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Topography_and_hydrography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Topography and hydrography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Topography_and_hydrography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Basin,_tributaries_and_distributaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basin,_tributaries_and_distributaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Basin, tributaries and distributaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Basin,_tributaries_and_distributaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flora_and_fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flora_and_fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Flora and fauna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flora_and_fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Floods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Floods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Floods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Floods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecological_condition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecological_condition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Ecological condition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecological_condition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Before_1700" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Before_1700"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Before 1700</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Before_1700-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russian_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russian_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Russian period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russian_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Soviet_and_modern_periods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soviet_and_modern_periods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Soviet and modern periods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soviet_and_modern_periods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commercial_use" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commercial_use"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Commercial use</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commercial_use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bridges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bridges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bridges</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bridges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Attractions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Attractions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Attractions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Attractions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_incidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_incidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notable incidents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_incidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Neva</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 90 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-90" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">90 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newarivier" title="Newarivier – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Newarivier" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%87%D8%B1_%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%A7" title="نهر نيفا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نهر نيفا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADu_Nev%C3%A1" title="Ríu Nevá – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ríu Nevá" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7_%DA%86%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="نوا چایی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="نوا چایی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80" title="নেভা নদী – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নেভা নদী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нева – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Нева" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нява – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нява" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нява – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нява" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="नेवा नदी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="नेवा नदी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нева – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нева" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riu_Nev%C3%A0" title="Riu Nevà – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Riu Nevà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0_(%D1%8E%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%B2)" title="Нева (юханшыв) – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Нева (юханшыв)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva_(suba)" title="Neva (suba) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Neva (suba)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%9Bva" title="Něva – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Něva" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afon_Neva" title="Afon Neva – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Afon Neva" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newa" title="Newa – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Newa" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neeva" title="Neeva – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Neeva" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%AD%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Νέβας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νέβας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Nev%C3%A1" title="Río Nevá – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Río Nevá" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nevo_(rivero)" title="Nevo (rivero) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nevo (rivero)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7" title="رود نوا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رود نوا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva_(awin)" title="Neva (awin) – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Neva (awin)" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Nev%C3%A1" title="Río Nevá – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Río Nevá" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%84%A4%EB%B0%94%EA%B0%95" title="네바강 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="네바강" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D6%87%D5%A1" title="Նևա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նևա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="नेवा नदी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="नेवा नदी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njewa" title="Njewa – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Njewa" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluvio_Neva" title="Fluvio Neva – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Fluvio Neva" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sungai_Neva" title="Sungai Neva – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sungai Neva" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%91%D7%94_(%D7%A0%D7%94%D7%A8,_%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%94)" title="נייבה (נהר, רוסיה) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נייבה (נהר, רוסיה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="ნევა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნევა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нева – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Нева" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87em%C3%AA_Neva" title="Çemê Neva – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Çemê Neva" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Нева дарыясы – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Нева дарыясы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%85eva" title="Ņeva – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ņeva" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A9va" title="Néva – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Néva" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нева – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Нева" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BF" title="നെവാ നദി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നെവാ നദി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="नेव्हा नदी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="नेव्हा नदी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%87%D8%B1_%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81%D8%A7" title="نهر نيفا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نهر نيفا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D3%A9%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%BD" title="Нева мөрөн – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Нева мөрөн" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%8A%E1%80%B2%E1%80%97%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="ညဲဗာမြစ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ညဲဗာမြစ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8D%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1%E5%B7%9D" title="ネヴァ川 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ネヴァ川" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newa" title="Newa – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Newa" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newa" title="Newa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Newa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_Neva" title="Rio Neva – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rio Neva" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%94%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нєва – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Нєва" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нева – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нева" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva_River" title="Neva River – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Neva River" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%94%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нєва – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Нєва" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church Slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нева – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Нева" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva_(joki)" title="Neva (joki) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Neva (joki)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нева – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Нева" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2" title="แม่น้ำเนวา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แม่น้ำเนวา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нева – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Нева" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva_Nehri" title="Neva Nehri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Neva Nehri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Нева – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нева" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B4ng_Neva" title="Sông Neva – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sông Neva" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E7%93%A6%E6%B2%B3" title="涅瓦河 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="涅瓦河" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90_%D7%98%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9A" title="נעווא טייך – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="נעווא טייך" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E6%A8%BA%E6%B2%B3" title="利樺河 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="利樺河" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neva" title="Neva – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Neva" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E7%93%A6%E6%B2%B3" title="涅瓦河 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="涅瓦河" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q645#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Neva&params=59_57_50_N_30_13_20_E_type:river"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">59°57′50″N</span> <span class="longitude">30°13′20″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">59.96389°N 30.22222°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">59.96389; 30.22222</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">River in Russia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Neva_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Neva (disambiguation)">Neva (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Neva</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spb_Finland_Bridge_asv2019-09_img2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Spb_Finland_Bridge_asv2019-09_img2.jpg/250px-Spb_Finland_Bridge_asv2019-09_img2.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Spb_Finland_Bridge_asv2019-09_img2.jpg/375px-Spb_Finland_Bridge_asv2019-09_img2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Spb_Finland_Bridge_asv2019-09_img2.jpg/500px-Spb_Finland_Bridge_asv2019-09_img2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5348" data-file-height="2674" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NevaRiverLabelled.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/NevaRiverLabelled.PNG/256px-NevaRiverLabelled.PNG" decoding="async" width="256" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/NevaRiverLabelled.PNG/384px-NevaRiverLabelled.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/NevaRiverLabelled.PNG 2x" data-file-width="494" data-file-height="472" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Location of the Neva</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Native name</th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Нева</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Location</th></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Europe" title="Northern Europe">Northern Europe</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian Federation</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Oblast" title="Leningrad Oblast">Leningrad Oblast</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cities</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Shlisselburg" title="Shlisselburg">Shlisselburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kirovsk,_Leningrad_Oblast" title="Kirovsk, Leningrad Oblast">Kirovsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otradnoye,_Kirovsky_District,_Leningrad_Oblast" title="Otradnoye, Kirovsky District, Leningrad Oblast">Otradnoye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Physical characteristics</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Source</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lake_Ladoga" title="Lake Ladoga">Lake Ladoga</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • coordinates</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Neva&params=59_57_10_N_31_02_10_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">59°57′10″N</span> <span class="longitude">31°02′10″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">59.95278°N 31.03611°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">59.95278; 31.03611</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • elevation</span></th><td class="infobox-data">4.3 m (14 ft)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/River_mouth" title="River mouth">Mouth</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Neva_Bay" title="Neva Bay">Neva Bay</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • coordinates</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Neva&params=59_57_50_N_30_13_20_E_type:river"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">59°57′50″N</span> <span class="longitude">30°13′20″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">59.96389°N 30.22222°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">59.96389; 30.22222</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • elevation</div></th><td class="infobox-data">0 m (0 ft)</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">74 km (46 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Basin size</th><td class="infobox-data">282,300 km<sup>2</sup> (109,000 sq mi)</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Width</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • minimum</span></th><td class="infobox-data">210 metres (690 ft)</td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discharge</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Finland" title="Gulf of Finland">Gulf of Finland</a> (near mouth)</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • average</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2,628 m<sup>3</sup>/s (92,800 cu ft/s)</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • maximum</span></th><td class="infobox-data">4,550 m<sup>3</sup>/s (161,000 cu ft/s)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Basin features</th></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tributaries</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • left</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mga_(river)" title="Mga (river)">Mga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tosna" title="Tosna">Tosna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Izhora" title="Izhora">Izhora</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • right</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Okhta" title="Okhta">Okhta</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 250px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="250" data-zoom="8" data-overlays="["_77bbd61d58acea6d30777067ba0eb59a520398d6"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,a,a,270x250.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Neva&revid=1256770719&groups=_77bbd61d58acea6d30777067ba0eb59a520398d6" width="270" height="250" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,a,a,270x250@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Neva&revid=1256770719&groups=_77bbd61d58acea6d30777067ba0eb59a520398d6 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Neva_River_basin_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Neva_River_basin_map.svg/256px-Neva_River_basin_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="256" height="369" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Neva_River_basin_map.svg/384px-Neva_River_basin_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Neva_River_basin_map.svg/512px-Neva_River_basin_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="327" data-file-height="471" /></a><figcaption>Basin of Neva River</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Neva</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">NEE</span>-və</i></a>, <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">UK</a> also </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">NAY</span>-və</i></a>; <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Нева́</span></span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ru-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Russian" title="Help:IPA/Russian">[nʲɪˈva]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/d\/d9\/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Tatiana_Kerbush-%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0.wav\/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Tatiana_Kerbush-%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"LL-Q7737 (rus)-Tatiana Kerbush-\u041d\u0435\u0432\u0430.wav"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Tatiana_Kerbush-%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q7737_%28rus%29-Tatiana_Kerbush-%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q7737_(rus)-Tatiana_Kerbush-%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0.wav" title="File:LL-Q7737 (rus)-Tatiana Kerbush-Нева.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>) is a <a href="/wiki/River" title="River">river</a> in northwestern <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> flowing from <a href="/wiki/Lake_Ladoga" title="Lake Ladoga">Lake Ladoga</a> through the western part of <a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Oblast" title="Leningrad Oblast">Leningrad Oblast</a> (historical region of <a href="/wiki/Ingria" title="Ingria">Ingria</a>) to the <a href="/wiki/Neva_Bay" title="Neva Bay">Neva Bay</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Finland" title="Gulf of Finland">Gulf of Finland</a>. Despite its modest length of 74 kilometres (46 mi), it is the fourth-largest river in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> in terms of average <a href="/wiki/Discharge_(hydrology)" title="Discharge (hydrology)">discharge</a> (after the <a href="/wiki/Volga" title="Volga">Volga</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Neva2_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neva2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Neva is the only river flowing from Lake Ladoga. It flows through the city of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a>, the three smaller towns of <a href="/wiki/Shlisselburg" title="Shlisselburg">Shlisselburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kirovsk,_Leningrad_Oblast" title="Kirovsk, Leningrad Oblast">Kirovsk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Otradnoye,_Kirovsky_District,_Leningrad_Oblast" title="Otradnoye, Kirovsky District, Leningrad Oblast">Otradnoye</a>, and dozens of settlements. It is navigable throughout and is part of the <a href="/wiki/Volga%E2%80%93Baltic_Waterway" title="Volga–Baltic Waterway">Volga–Baltic Waterway</a> and <a href="/wiki/White_Sea%E2%80%93Baltic_Canal" title="White Sea–Baltic Canal">White Sea–Baltic Canal</a>. It is the site of many major historical events, including the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Neva" title="Battle of the Neva">Battle of the Neva</a> in 1240 which gave <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Nevsky" title="Alexander Nevsky">Alexander Nevsky</a> his name, the founding of Saint Petersburg in 1703, and the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Leningrad" title="Siege of Leningrad">Siege of Leningrad</a> by the German army during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. The river played a vital role in trade between <a href="/wiki/Byzantium" title="Byzantium">Byzantium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scandinavia" title="Scandinavia">Scandinavia</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neva&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The earliest people in recorded history known to have inhabited the area are the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Finns" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltic Finns">Finnic people</a>. The word <i>Neva</i> is widespread in <a href="/wiki/Finnic_languages" title="Finnic languages">Finnic languages</a>, having quite <a href="/wiki/Cognate" title="Cognate">cognate</a> meanings. In <a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a> it means <a href="/wiki/Poor_fen" class="mw-redirect" title="Poor fen">poor fen</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Karelian_language" title="Karelian language">Karelian</a>: watercourse and in <a href="/wiki/Estonian_language" title="Estonian language">Estonian</a> (as <i>nõva</i>): waterway.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It has been postulated the name could derive from <a href="/wiki/Indo-European_languages" title="Indo-European languages">Indo-European</a> adjective <i>newā</i> which means new – the river began its flow some time between 2000 <a href="/wiki/Before_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Before Christ">BC</a> and 1250 BC. However, the local place names with such influence coincide with Scandinavian traders and Slavs' first main settlement in the region, in the 8th century AD.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neva&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History_of_the_delta">History of the delta</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neva&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History of the delta"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Paleozoic" title="Paleozoic">Paleozoic</a>, 300–400 million years ago, all the delta region was covered by a sea. Modern relief, eminences, were formed by glacial scouring. Its retreat formed the <a href="/wiki/Littorina_Sea" title="Littorina Sea">Littorina Sea</a>, the level of which was 7 to 9 metres (23 to 30 ft) higher than its successor the Baltic Sea. Then, the <a href="/wiki/Tosna" title="Tosna">Tosna</a> was flowing in the modern lower half of the Neva as today, into the Litorinal Sea. In the north of the <a href="/wiki/Karelian_Isthmus" title="Karelian Isthmus">Karelian Isthmus</a>, the sea was united by a wide strait with <a href="/wiki/Lake_Ladoga" title="Lake Ladoga">Lake Ladoga</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Mga_(river)" title="Mga (river)">Mga</a> then flowed to the east, into Lake Ladoga, near the modern source of the Neva. Thus the Mga then was separate from the Tosna/lower-Neva basin.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Near the modern Lake Ladoga, by <a href="/wiki/Glacial_rebound" class="mw-redirect" title="Glacial rebound">glacial rebound</a> land rose faster, and an endorheic lake briefly formed. This overspilled, eventually the whole Mga valley and thus broke into the western valley (the valley of the Tosna/lower-Neva). The Ivanovo <a href="/wiki/Rapids" title="Rapids">rapids</a> of the modern Neva were created at the breakthrough. According to early books, the breakthrough may have been about 2000 BC, but according to more recent research, this happened at 1410–1250 BC, making the river rather young.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The valley is lined with glacial and post-glacial sediments and has changed little over 2,500 years.<sup id="cite_ref-Geogr_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Geogr-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The delta was formed at that time, technically a pseudodelta, as not from accumulation of river material but by scouring past sediments.<sup id="cite_ref-SPBe_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPBe-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Topography_and_hydrography">Topography and hydrography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neva&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Topography and hydrography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Neva flows out of Lake Ladoga near <a href="/wiki/Shlisselburg" title="Shlisselburg">Shlisselburg</a>, flows through Neva's lowlands and discharges into the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Finland" title="Gulf of Finland">Gulf of Finland</a>. It has a length of 74 kilometres (46 mi), and the shortest distance from the source to the mouth is 45 kilometres (28 mi). The river banks are low and steep, on average about 3 to 6 metres (10 to 20 ft) and 2 to 3 metres (7 to 10 ft) at the mouth. There are three sharp turns: the Ivanovskye rapids, at Nevsky Forest Park of the Ust-Slavyanka region (the so-called "Crooked Knee"), and near the <a href="/wiki/Smolny_Institute" title="Smolny Institute">Smolny Institute</a>, below the mouth of the river <a href="/wiki/Okhta" title="Okhta">Okhta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SPBe_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPBe-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The river declines 4.27 metres (14.0 ft) in elevation between source and mouth.<sup id="cite_ref-Neva2_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neva2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At one point the river crosses a <a href="/wiki/Moraine" title="Moraine">moraine</a> ridge and forms the Ivanovskye rapids. There, at the beginning of the rapids, is the narrowest part of the river: 210 metres (690 ft). The average flow rate in the rapids is about 0.8–1.1 metres per second (2.6–3.6 ft/s). The average width along the river is 400 to 600 metres (1,300 to 2,000 ft). The widest places, at 1,000 to 1,250 metres (3,280 to 4,100 ft), are in the delta, near the gates of the marine trading port, at the end of the Ivanovskye rapids near the confluence of the river Tosna, and near the island Fabrinchny near the source. The average depth is 8 to 11 metres (26 to 36 ft); the maximum of 24 metres (79 ft) is reached above the <a href="/wiki/Liteyny_Bridge" title="Liteyny Bridge">Liteyny Bridge</a>, and the minimum of 4.0 to 4.5 metres (13 to 15 ft) is in Ivanovskye rapids.<sup id="cite_ref-Geogr2_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Geogr2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the Neva basin, rainfall greatly exceeds evaporation; the latter accounts for only 37.7 percent of the water consumption from the Neva and the remaining 62.3 percent is water runoff.<sup id="cite_ref-a59_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a59-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 1859, the largest volume of 116 cubic kilometres (28 <a href="/wiki/Cubic_mile" title="Cubic mile">cu mi</a>) was observed in 1924 and the lowest in 1900 at 40.2 cubic kilometres (9.6 cu mi).<sup id="cite_ref-SPBe_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPBe-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The average annual discharge is 78.9 cubic kilometres (18.9 cu mi) or 2,500 cubic metres per second (88,000 cu ft/s) on average.<sup id="cite_ref-Neva2_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neva2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to the uniform water flow from Lake Ladoga to the Neva over the whole year, there are almost no floods and corresponding water rise in the spring. The Neva freezes throughout from early December to early April. The ice thickness is 0.3 to 0.4 metres (1.0 to 1.3 ft) within Saint Petersburg and 0.5 to 0.6 metres (1.6 to 2.0 ft) in other areas. Ice congestion may form in winter in the upper reaches of the river, this sometimes causes upstream floods. Of the total ice volume of Lake Ladoga, 10.6 cubic kilometres (2.5 cu mi), less than 5 percent enters the Neva.<sup id="cite_ref-a59_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a59-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The average summer water temperature is 17 to 20 °C (63 to 68 °F), and the swimming season lasts only about 1.5 months. The water is fresh, with medium turbidity; the average salinity is 61.3 mg/L and the <a href="/wiki/Calcium_bicarbonate" title="Calcium bicarbonate">calcium bicarbonate</a> content is 7 mg/L.<sup id="cite_ref-SPBe_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPBe-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Average <a href="/wiki/Streamflow" title="Streamflow">streamflow</a>. Values in brackets are percentage of the annual values.<sup id="cite_ref-a59_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a59-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Quantity </th> <th>April to June <br /> </th> <th>July to September <br /> </th> <th>October to November <br /> </th> <th>December to March <br /> </th> <th>Total </th></tr> <tr> <td>Runoff, km<sup>3</sup></td> <td>22.7 (28.5%)</td> <td>23.5 (29.4%)</td> <td>14.1 (17.7%)</td> <td>19.4 (24.4%)</td> <td>79.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Suspended sediment, <a href="/wiki/Ton" title="Ton">kt</a></td> <td>162 (31.7%)</td> <td>136 (26.7%)</td> <td>143 (28.0%)</td> <td>69 (13.6%)</td> <td>510 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bottom sediments, kt</td> <td>26.5 (40.8%)</td> <td>15.8 (24.3%)</td> <td>21.3 (32.7%)</td> <td>1.4 ( 2.2%)</td> <td>65.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ions runoff, kt</td> <td>735 (25.6%)</td> <td>729 (25.4%)</td> <td>712 (24.8%)</td> <td>694 (24.2%)</td> <td>2870 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Heat sink, 10<sup>15</sup> <a href="/wiki/Calorie" title="Calorie">cal</a></td> <td>168 (28.4%)</td> <td>359 (60.7%)</td> <td>63 (10.7%)</td> <td>1 (0.2%)</td> <td>591 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ice runoff, km<sup>3</sup></td> <td>0.57 (81.4%)</td> <td>–</td> <td>0.13 (18.6%)</td> <td>–</td> <td>0.7 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:25%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0.jpg/280px-%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0.jpg/420px-%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0.jpg/560px-%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2480" data-file-height="1156" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:25%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ust_Izhora_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Ust_Izhora_17.jpg/177px-Ust_Izhora_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Ust_Izhora_17.jpg/266px-Ust_Izhora_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Ust_Izhora_17.jpg/354px-Ust_Izhora_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:25%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_the_Great_bridge_in_context.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Peter_the_Great_bridge_in_context.jpg/177px-Peter_the_Great_bridge_in_context.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Peter_the_Great_bridge_in_context.jpg/266px-Peter_the_Great_bridge_in_context.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Peter_the_Great_bridge_in_context.jpg/354px-Peter_the_Great_bridge_in_context.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:25%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sankt-Pet%C4%9Brburg,_%C5%99eka_N%C4%9Bva.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Sankt-Pet%C4%9Brburg%2C_%C5%99eka_N%C4%9Bva.jpg/180px-Sankt-Pet%C4%9Brburg%2C_%C5%99eka_N%C4%9Bva.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Sankt-Pet%C4%9Brburg%2C_%C5%99eka_N%C4%9Bva.jpg/270px-Sankt-Pet%C4%9Brburg%2C_%C5%99eka_N%C4%9Bva.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Sankt-Pet%C4%9Brburg%2C_%C5%99eka_N%C4%9Bva.jpg/360px-Sankt-Pet%C4%9Brburg%2C_%C5%99eka_N%C4%9Bva.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td>View of the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Ladoga_Canal" title="Ladoga Canal">Ladoga Canal</a> and the Neva </td> <td>The Neva at the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Izhora" title="Izhora">Izhora</a> </td> <td>The Neva near the <a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Great_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter the Great Bridge">Peter the Great Bridge</a> </td> <td>View from the <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Bridge_(Saint_Petersburg)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trinity Bridge (Saint Petersburg)">Trinity Bridge</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Basin,_tributaries_and_distributaries"><span id="Basin.2C_tributaries_and_distributaries"></span>Basin, tributaries and distributaries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neva&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Basin, tributaries and distributaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The basin area of Neva is 5,000 km<sup>2</sup>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including the pools of Lake Ladoga and Onega (281,000 km<sup>2</sup>). The basin contains 26,300 lakes and has a complex hydrological network of more than 48,300 rivers, however only 26 flow directly into Neva. The main tributaries are <a href="/wiki/Mga_(river)" title="Mga (river)">Mga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tosna" title="Tosna">Tosna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Izhora" title="Izhora">Izhora</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slavyanka_(river)" title="Slavyanka (river)">Slavyanka</a> and Murzinka on the left, and <a href="/wiki/Okhta" title="Okhta">Okhta</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chyornaya_Rechka_(Saint_Petersburg)" title="Chyornaya Rechka (Saint Petersburg)">Chyornaya Rechka</a> on the right side of Neva.<sup id="cite_ref-SPBe_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPBe-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The hydrological network had been altered by the development of Saint Petersburg through its entire history. When it was founded in 1703, the area was low and swampy and required construction of canals and ponds for drainage. The earth excavated during their construction was used to raise the city. At the end of the 19th century, the delta of Neva consisted of 48 rivers and canals and 101 islands. The most significant distributaries of the delta are listed in the table. Before construction of the <a href="/wiki/Obvodny_Canal" title="Obvodny Canal">Obvodny Canal</a>, the left tributary of that area was the Volkovka; its part at the confluence is now called Monastyrka. The <a href="/wiki/Ladoga_Canal" title="Ladoga Canal">Ladoga Canal</a> starts at the root of Neva and connects it along the southern coast of Lake Ladoga with the <a href="/wiki/Volkhov" title="Volkhov">Volkhov</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ist-geogr.atlas_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ist-geogr.atlas-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some canals of the delta were filled over time, so that only 42 islands remained by 1972, all within the city limits of St. Petersburg. The largest islands are <a href="/wiki/Vasilyevsky_Island" title="Vasilyevsky Island">Vasilyevsky</a> at 1,050 hectares (2,600 acres), <a href="/wiki/Petrogradsky_Island" title="Petrogradsky Island">Petrogradsky</a> at 570 hectares (1,400 acres), <a href="/wiki/Krestovsky_Island" title="Krestovsky Island">Krestovsky</a> at 420 hectares (1,000 acres), and <a href="/wiki/Dekabristov_Island" title="Dekabristov Island">Dekabristov</a> at 410 hectares (1,000 acres); others include <a href="/wiki/Zayachy_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Zayachy Island">Zayachy</a>, Yelagin and <a href="/wiki/Kamenny_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamenny Island">Kamenny Islands</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Ist-geogr.atlas_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ist-geogr.atlas-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the source of the Neva, near Shlisselburg, there are the two small islands of Orekhovy and Fabrichny. Island Glavryba lies up the river, above the town of <a href="/wiki/Otradnoye,_Kirovsky_District,_Leningrad_Oblast" title="Otradnoye, Kirovsky District, Leningrad Oblast">Otradnoye</a>. </p> <div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 453px;"> <div class="thumbimage" style="width: 451px; height: 373px; overflow: hidden;"> <div style="position: relative; top: -64px; left: -242px; width: 1080px"><div class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:English_map_of_St._Petersburg_in_1834.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="English map of 1834 depicting the city centre and the names of Neva arms" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/English_map_of_St._Petersburg_in_1834.jpg/1080px-English_map_of_St._Petersburg_in_1834.jpg" decoding="async" width="1080" height="908" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/English_map_of_St._Petersburg_in_1834.jpg/1620px-English_map_of_St._Petersburg_in_1834.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/English_map_of_St._Petersburg_in_1834.jpg/2160px-English_map_of_St._Petersburg_in_1834.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="2269" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:English_map_of_St._Petersburg_in_1834.jpg" title="File:English map of St. Petersburg in 1834.jpg"> </a></div>English map of 1834 depicting the city centre and the names of Neva arms </div> </div> </div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Main waterways of the Neva delta.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Region </th> <th>Length, km </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Great_Neva" title="Great Neva">Great Neva</a></td> <td>from the mouth of the <a href="/wiki/Fontanka" title="Fontanka">Fontanka</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Blagoveshchensky_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Blagoveshchensky Bridge">Blagoveshchensky Bridge</a></td> <td>2.40 </td></tr> <tr> <td>From the Blagoveshchensky Bridge to the <a href="/wiki/Palace_Bridge" title="Palace Bridge">Palace Bridge</a></td> <td>1.22 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Little_Neva" title="Little Neva">Little Neva</a></td> <td></td> <td>4.85 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ekateringofka</td> <td></td> <td>3.60 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zhdanovka" title="Zhdanovka">Zhdanovka</a></td> <td></td> <td>2.20 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Smolenka_(river)" title="Smolenka (river)">Smolenka</a></td> <td></td> <td>3.30 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Great_Nevka" title="Great Nevka">Great Nevka</a></td> <td>from the Neva to <a href="/wiki/Little_Nevka" title="Little Nevka">Little Nevka</a></td> <td>3.70 </td></tr> <tr> <td>from Little Nevka to Middle Nevka</td> <td>2.05 </td></tr> <tr> <td>From Middle Nevka to <a href="/wiki/Neva_Bay" title="Neva Bay">Neva Bay</a></td> <td>2.15 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Middle_Nevka" title="Middle Nevka">Middle Nevka</a></td> <td></td> <td>2.60 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Little_Nevka" title="Little Nevka">Little Nevka</a></td> <td></td> <td>4.90 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karpovka" title="Karpovka">Karpovka</a></td> <td></td> <td>3.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Krestovka</td> <td></td> <td>0.74 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Fontanka" title="Fontanka">Fontanka</a></td> <td></td> <td>6.70 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Moyka" title="Moyka">Moyka</a></td> <td></td> <td>4.67 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Griboyedov_Canal" title="Griboyedov Canal">Griboyedov Canal</a></td> <td></td> <td>5.00 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pryazhka</td> <td></td> <td>1.32 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kryukov Canal</td> <td></td> <td>1.15 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Obvodny_Canal" title="Obvodny Canal">Obvodny Canal</a></td> <td></td> <td>8.08 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flora_and_fauna">Flora and fauna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neva&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Flora and fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is almost no aquatic vegetation in Neva. The river banks mostly consist of sand, <a href="/wiki/Podsol" class="mw-redirect" title="Podsol">podsol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gleysols" class="mw-redirect" title="Gleysols">gleysols</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peat" title="Peat">peat</a>, and boggy peat soils.<sup id="cite_ref-Atlas_Lo_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atlas_Lo-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several centuries ago, the whole territory of the Neva lowland was covered by <a href="/wiki/Pine" title="Pine">pine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Norway_spruce" class="mw-redirect" title="Norway spruce">spruce</a> <a href="/wiki/Moss" title="Moss">mossy</a> forests. They were gradually reduced by the fires and cutting for technical needs. Extensive damage was caused during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>: in Saint Petersburg, the forests were reduced completely, and in the upper reaches down to 40 to 50 percent.<sup id="cite_ref-lo_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lo-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Forest were replanted after the war with spruce, pine, <a href="/wiki/Cedrus" title="Cedrus">cedar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Larix_sibirica" title="Larix sibirica">Siberian larch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oak" title="Oak">oak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acer_platanoides" title="Acer platanoides">Norway maple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elm" title="Elm">elm</a>, America, <a href="/wiki/Fraxinus" title="Fraxinus">ash</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apple" title="Apple">apple</a> tree, <a href="/wiki/Mountain_ash" title="Mountain ash">mountain ash</a> and other species. The shrubs include <a href="/wiki/Berberis" title="Berberis">barberry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syringa" title="Syringa">lilac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jasmine" title="Jasmine">jasmine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hazel" title="Hazel">hazel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honeysuckle" title="Honeysuckle">honeysuckle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crataegus" title="Crataegus">hawthorn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rose_hip" title="Rose hip">rose hip</a>, <a href="/wiki/Viburnum" title="Viburnum">viburnum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juniper" title="Juniper">juniper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sambucus" title="Sambucus">elder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amelanchier" title="Amelanchier">shadbush</a> and many others.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Betula_pendula_Finland.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Betula_pendula_Finland.jpg/220px-Betula_pendula_Finland.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Betula_pendula_Finland.jpg/330px-Betula_pendula_Finland.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Betula_pendula_Finland.jpg/440px-Betula_pendula_Finland.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Birch forest</figcaption></figure> <p>Nowadays, the upper regions of the river are dominated by <a href="/wiki/Birch" title="Birch">birch</a> and pine-birch grass-shrub forests and in the middle regions there are swampy pine forests.<sup id="cite_ref-Atlas_Lo_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atlas_Lo-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In St. Petersburg, along the Neva, there are many gardens and parks, including the <a href="/wiki/Summer_Garden" title="Summer Garden">Summer Garden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Field_of_Mars_(Saint_Petersburg)" title="Field of Mars (Saint Petersburg)">Field of Mars</a>, Rumyantsev, <a href="/wiki/Smolny_Convent" title="Smolny Convent">Smolny</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Garden_(Saint_Petersburg)" title="Alexander Garden (Saint Petersburg)">Alexander Gardens</a>, Garden of the <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Nevsky_Lavra" title="Alexander Nevsky Lavra">Alexander Nevsky Lavra</a> and many others.<sup id="cite_ref-Ist-geogr.atlas_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ist-geogr.atlas-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because of the rapid flow, cold water and lack of quiet pools and aquatic vegetation the diversity of fish species in Neva is small. Permanent residents include such undemanding to environment species as <a href="/wiki/Perch" title="Perch">perch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ruffe" title="Ruffe">ruffe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rutilus" title="Rutilus">roaches</a>. Many fish species are transitory, of which commercial value have <a href="/wiki/European_smelt" title="European smelt">smelt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coregonus_albula" title="Coregonus albula">vendace</a> and partly <a href="/wiki/Salmonidae" title="Salmonidae">salmon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Neva_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Floods">Floods</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neva&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Floods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg" title="Floods in Saint Petersburg">Floods in Saint Petersburg</a></div> <p>Floods in St. Petersburg are usually caused by the overflow of the delta of Neva and by surging water in the eastern part of <a href="/wiki/Neva_Bay" title="Neva Bay">Neva Bay</a>. They are registered when the water rises above 160 centimetres (63 in) with respect to a gauge at the <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_Mining_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Petersburg Mining Institute">Mining Institute</a>. More than 300 floods occurred after the city was founded in 1703.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three of them were catastrophic: on 7 November 1824, when water rose to 421 centimetres (166 in); on 23 September 1924 when it reached 369 centimetres (145 in), and 10 September 1777 when it rose to 321 centimetres (126 in).<sup id="cite_ref-Neva_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neva-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, a much larger flood of 760 centimetres (300 in) was described in 1691.<sup id="cite_ref-list_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-list-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Besides flooding as a result of tidal waves, in 1903, 1921 and 1956 floods were caused by the melting of snow.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <caption>Floods in St. Petersburg </caption> <tbody><tr> <td width="25%"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:7_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8F_1824_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D1%83_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/7_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8F_1824_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D1%83_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg/170px-7_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8F_1824_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D1%83_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/7_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8F_1824_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D1%83_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg/255px-7_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8F_1824_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D1%83_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/7_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8F_1824_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D1%83_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg/340px-7_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8F_1824_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D1%83_%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="845" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td width="25%"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Flood_in_St.Petersburg_in_1824._1820-ies.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/The_Flood_in_St.Petersburg_in_1824._1820-ies.jpg/170px-The_Flood_in_St.Petersburg_in_1824._1820-ies.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/The_Flood_in_St.Petersburg_in_1824._1820-ies.jpg/255px-The_Flood_in_St.Petersburg_in_1824._1820-ies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/The_Flood_in_St.Petersburg_in_1824._1820-ies.jpg/340px-The_Flood_in_St.Petersburg_in_1824._1820-ies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="503" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td width="25%"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1903_006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1903_006.jpg/210px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1903_006.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1903_006.jpg/315px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1903_006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1903_006.jpg/420px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1903_006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="494" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td width="25%"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1903_005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1903_005.jpg/210px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1903_005.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1903_005.jpg/315px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1903_005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1903_005.jpg/420px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1903_005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="494" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7 November 1824, in front of <a href="/wiki/Bolshoi_Kamenny_Theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre">Bolshoi Theatre</a> </td> <td>7 November 1824 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sadovaya_Street" title="Sadovaya Street">Sadovaya Street</a> near the former Nikolsky Market, 15 November 1903 </td> <td>Bolshaya Podyacheskaya Street, 25 November 1903 </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1924_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1924_001.jpg/200px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1924_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1924_001.jpg/300px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1924_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1924_001.jpg/400px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1924_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="494" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1924_003.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1924_003.jpg/200px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1924_003.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1924_003.jpg/300px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1924_003.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1924_003.jpg/400px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1924_003.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="494" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1967_007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1967_007.jpg/200px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1967_007.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1967_007.jpg/300px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1967_007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1967_007.jpg/400px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1967_007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="494" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1967_008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1967_008.jpg/200px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1967_008.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1967_008.jpg/300px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1967_008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1967_008.jpg/400px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1967_008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="494" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Boat transportation over <a href="/wiki/Vasilievsky_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasilievsky Island">Vasilievsky Island</a> during the flood of 23 September 1924 </td> <td>Vladimirsky Avenue after the flood of 1924 </td> <td>A pier during the flood of 18 October 1967 </td> <td>Near the <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_Mining_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Petersburg Mining Institute">Mining Institute</a> on 18 October 1967 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ecological_condition">Ecological condition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neva&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Ecological condition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring of Russia classifies the Neva as a "heavily polluted" river. The main pollutants include <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">zinc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese">manganese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nitrite" title="Nitrite">nitrites</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">nitrogen</a>. The dirtiest tributaries of the Neva are the Mga, Slavyanka, Ohta, and Chernaya.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hundreds of factories pour wastewater into the Neva within St. Petersburg, and <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleum</a> is regularly transported along the river. The annual influx of pollutants is 80,000 tonnes,<sup id="cite_ref-Grinpis_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grinpis-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the heaviest polluters are Power-and-heating Plant 2 (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">ТЭЦ-2</span>), "Plastpolymer" and "<a href="/wiki/Obukhov_State_Plant" title="Obukhov State Plant">Obukhov State Plant</a>". The biggest polluters in the Leningrad Oblast are the cities of Shlisselburg, Kirovsk and Otradnoye, as well as the Kirov <a href="/wiki/Thermal_power_station" title="Thermal power station">thermal power station</a>. More than 40 oil spills are registered on the river every year.<sup id="cite_ref-Grinpis_2_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grinpis_2-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008, the Federal Service of St. Petersburg announced that no beach of the Neva was fit for swimming.<sup id="cite_ref-Grinpis_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grinpis-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cleaning of wastewater in Saint Petersburg started in 1979; by 1997, about 74% was purified. This rose to 85% in 2005, to 91.7% by 2008, and Feliks Karamzinov expected it to reach almost 100% by 2011 with the completion of the expansion of the main sewerage plant.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neva&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Before_1700">Before 1700</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neva&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Before 1700"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many sites of ancient people, up to nine thousand years old, were found within the territory of the Neva basin. It is believed that around twelve thousand years BC, <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Finnic_peoples" title="Baltic Finnic peoples">Finnic people</a> (<a href="/wiki/Votians" title="Votians">Votes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Izhorians" title="Izhorians">Izhorians</a>) moved to this area from the <a href="/wiki/Ural_Mountains" title="Ural Mountains">Ural Mountains</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Predystoriya_Sankt-Peterburga_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Predystoriya_Sankt-Peterburga-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 8th and 9th centuries AD, the area was inhabited by the <a href="/wiki/East_Slavs" title="East Slavs">East Slavs</a> who were mainly engaged in <a href="/wiki/Slash_and_burn" class="mw-redirect" title="Slash and burn">slash and burn</a> agriculture, hunting and fishing. From the 8th to 13th centuries, Neva provided a waterway from Scandinavia to the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a>. In the 9th century, the area belonged to <a href="/wiki/Veliky_Novgorod" title="Veliky Novgorod">Veliky Novgorod</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Neva was already mentioned in the <i><a href="/wiki/Life_of_Alexander_Nevsky" title="Life of Alexander Nevsky">Life of Alexander Nevsky</a></i> (13th century).<sup id="cite_ref-Pushkinsky_dom_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pushkinsky_dom-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At that time, Veliky Novgorod was engaged in nearly constant wars with Sweden. A major battle occurred on 15 July 1240 at the confluence of the Izhora and Neva Rivers. The Russian army, led by the 20-year-old Prince <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Nevsky" title="Alexander Nevsky">Alexander Yaroslavich</a>, aimed to stop the planned Swedish invasion. The Swedish army was defeated; the prince showed personal courage in combat and received the honorary name of "Nevsky".<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a result of the Russian defeat in the <a href="/wiki/Ingrian_War" title="Ingrian War">Ingrian War</a> of 1610–17 and the concomitant <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Stolbovo" title="Treaty of Stolbovo">Treaty of Stolbovo</a>, the area of the Neva River became part of <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Ingria" title="Swedish Ingria">Swedish Ingria</a>. Beginning in 1642, the capital of Ingria was Nyen, a city near the <a href="/wiki/Nyenschantz" title="Nyenschantz">Nyenschantz</a> fortress. Because of financial and religious oppression, much of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Orthodox</a> population left the Neva region, emptying 60 percent of the villages by 1620. The abandoned areas became populated by people from the <a href="/wiki/Karelian_Isthmus" title="Karelian Isthmus">Karelian Isthmus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Savonia_(historical_province)" title="Savonia (historical province)">Savonia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:25%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alexander_Nevsky_in_the_battle_with_the_Swedes_by_Boris_Chorikov.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Alexander_Nevsky_in_the_battle_with_the_Swedes_by_Boris_Chorikov.jpg/140px-Alexander_Nevsky_in_the_battle_with_the_Swedes_by_Boris_Chorikov.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Alexander_Nevsky_in_the_battle_with_the_Swedes_by_Boris_Chorikov.jpg/210px-Alexander_Nevsky_in_the_battle_with_the_Swedes_by_Boris_Chorikov.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Alexander_Nevsky_in_the_battle_with_the_Swedes_by_Boris_Chorikov.jpg/280px-Alexander_Nevsky_in_the_battle_with_the_Swedes_by_Boris_Chorikov.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1335" data-file-height="1513" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:25%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Siege_of_N%C3%B6teborg_(1702).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Siege_of_N%C3%B6teborg_%281702%29.jpg/240px-Siege_of_N%C3%B6teborg_%281702%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Siege_of_N%C3%B6teborg_%281702%29.jpg/360px-Siege_of_N%C3%B6teborg_%281702%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Siege_of_N%C3%B6teborg_%281702%29.jpg/480px-Siege_of_N%C3%B6teborg_%281702%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2177" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:25%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ladogacanal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Ladogacanal.jpg/225px-Ladogacanal.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Ladogacanal.jpg/338px-Ladogacanal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Ladogacanal.jpg/450px-Ladogacanal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8650" data-file-height="6034" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:25%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Saint-Petersburg_in_1720_(Homann).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Map_of_Saint-Petersburg_in_1720_%28Homann%29.jpg/185px-Map_of_Saint-Petersburg_in_1720_%28Homann%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="185" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Map_of_Saint-Petersburg_in_1720_%28Homann%29.jpg/278px-Map_of_Saint-Petersburg_in_1720_%28Homann%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Map_of_Saint-Petersburg_in_1720_%28Homann%29.jpg/370px-Map_of_Saint-Petersburg_in_1720_%28Homann%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1476" data-file-height="1264" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Victory of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Nevsky" title="Alexander Nevsky">Alexander Nevsky</a> over the Swedes</i> by B. Chorikov </td> <td><i>Assault on the <a href="/wiki/Shlisselburg" title="Shlisselburg">Oreshek</a> fortress on 11 October 1702</i> by <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kotzebue" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Kotzebue">Alexander Kotzebue</a> </td> <td>Map of the Peter the Great Canal (1742) </td> <td>Map of St. Petersburg (1720) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russian_period">Russian period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neva&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Russian period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="History of Saint Petersburg">History of Saint Petersburg</a></div> <p>As a result of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Northern_War" title="Great Northern War">Great Northern War</a> of 1700–21, the valley of Neva River became part of <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>. On 16 May 1703, the city of St. Petersburg was founded in the mouth of Neva and became capital of Russia in 1712.<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Neva became the central part of the city. It was cleaned, intersected with canals and enclosed with embankments. In 1715, construction began of the first wooden embankment between the <a href="/wiki/Admiralty_building,_Saint_Petersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Admiralty building, Saint Petersburg">Admiralty building</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Summer_Garden" title="Summer Garden">Summer Garden</a>. In the early 1760s works started to cover it in <a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">granite</a> and to build bridges across Neva and its canals and tributaries, such as the <a href="/wiki/Hermitage_Bridge" title="Hermitage Bridge">Hermitage Bridge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SPBe_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPBe-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1727 to 1916, the temporary <a href="/wiki/Isaakievsky_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Isaakievsky Bridge">Isaakievsky pontoon bridge</a> was early constructed between the modern <a href="/wiki/Saint_Isaac%27s_Square" title="Saint Isaac's Square">Saint Isaac's Square</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vasilievsky_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasilievsky Island">Vasilievsky Island</a>. A similar, but much longer Trinity pontoon bridge, which spanned 500 metres (1,600 ft), was brought from the Summer Garden to <a href="/wiki/Petrogradsky_Island" title="Petrogradsky Island">Petrogradsky Island</a>. The first permanent bridge across Neva, <a href="/wiki/Blagoveshchensky_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Blagoveshchensky Bridge">Blagoveshchensky Bridge</a>, was opened in 1850, and the second, <a href="/wiki/Liteyny_Bridge" title="Liteyny Bridge">Liteyny Bridge</a>, came into operation in 1879.<sup id="cite_ref-SPBe_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPBe-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1858, a "Joint-stock company St. Petersburg water supply" was established, which built the first water supply network in the city. A two-stage water purification station was constructed in 1911. The development of the sewerage system began only in 1920, after the <a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">October Revolution</a>, and by 1941, the sewerage network was 1,130 kilometres (700 mi) long.<sup id="cite_ref-SPBe_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPBe-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Every winter from 1895 to 1910, electric <a href="/wiki/Tram" title="Tram">tramways</a> were laid on the ice of the river, connecting the <a href="/wiki/Senate_Square_(Saint_Petersburg)" title="Senate Square (Saint Petersburg)">Senate Square</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vasilievsky_island" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasilievsky island">Vasilievsky island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palace_Embankment" title="Palace Embankment">Palace Embankment</a> and other parts of the city. The power was supplied through the rails and a top cable supported by wooden piles frozen into the ice. The service was highly successful and ran without major accidents except for a few failures in the top electrical wires. The trams ran at the speed of 20 kilometres per hour (12 mph) and could carry 20 passengers per carriage. The carriages were converted from the used <a href="/wiki/Horsecar" title="Horsecar">horsecars</a>. About 900,000 passengers were transported over a regular season between 20 January and 21 March. The sparking of contacts at the top wires amused spectators in the night.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:25%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Makhayev,_Kachalov_-_View_of_Neva_Downstream_between_Winter_Palace_and_Academy_of_Sciences_1753_(right).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Makhayev%2C_Kachalov_-_View_of_Neva_Downstream_between_Winter_Palace_and_Academy_of_Sciences_1753_%28right%29.jpg/200px-Makhayev%2C_Kachalov_-_View_of_Neva_Downstream_between_Winter_Palace_and_Academy_of_Sciences_1753_%28right%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Makhayev%2C_Kachalov_-_View_of_Neva_Downstream_between_Winter_Palace_and_Academy_of_Sciences_1753_%28right%29.jpg/300px-Makhayev%2C_Kachalov_-_View_of_Neva_Downstream_between_Winter_Palace_and_Academy_of_Sciences_1753_%28right%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Makhayev%2C_Kachalov_-_View_of_Neva_Downstream_between_Winter_Palace_and_Academy_of_Sciences_1753_%28right%29.jpg/400px-Makhayev%2C_Kachalov_-_View_of_Neva_Downstream_between_Winter_Palace_and_Academy_of_Sciences_1753_%28right%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1476" data-file-height="1073" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:25%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beggrov2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Beggrov2.jpg/210px-Beggrov2.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Beggrov2.jpg/315px-Beggrov2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Beggrov2.jpg/420px-Beggrov2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1475" data-file-height="1008" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:25%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bogolyubov_SmolnyBolshOch2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Bogolyubov_SmolnyBolshOch2.jpg/200px-Bogolyubov_SmolnyBolshOch2.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Bogolyubov_SmolnyBolshOch2.jpg/300px-Bogolyubov_SmolnyBolshOch2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Bogolyubov_SmolnyBolshOch2.jpg/400px-Bogolyubov_SmolnyBolshOch2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1535" data-file-height="1108" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:25%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1900-e_011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1900-e_011.jpg/220px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1900-e_011.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1900-e_011.jpg/330px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1900-e_011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1900-e_011.jpg/440px-Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg_1900-e_011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="494" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td>View down the Neva River between the <a href="/wiki/Winter_Palace" title="Winter Palace">Winter Palace</a> and St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Engraving of 1753. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Palace_Embankment" title="Palace Embankment">Palace Embankment</a> (1826) </td> <td>View on the <a href="/wiki/Smolny_Convent" title="Smolny Convent">Smolny Convent</a> from Bolshaya Ohta (1851) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tram" title="Tram">Tramways</a> on the frozen Neva (<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Trams_on_ice_in_Saint_Petersburg" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Trams on ice in Saint Petersburg">more images</a>) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Soviet_and_modern_periods">Soviet and modern periods</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neva&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Soviet and modern periods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="History of Saint Petersburg">History of Saint Petersburg</a></div> <p>The first concrete bridge across Neva, the <a href="/wiki/Volodarsky_Bridge" title="Volodarsky Bridge">Volodarsky Bridge</a>, was built in 1936.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During World War II, from 8 September 1941 to 27 January 1944, Leningrad was in the devastating <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Leningrad" title="Siege of Leningrad">German Siege</a>. On 30 August 1941, the German army captured Mga and came to Neva. On 8 September Germans captured Shlisselburg and cut all land communications and waterways to St. Petersburg (then Leningrad). The siege was partly relieved in January 1943, and ended on 27 January 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A river station was built above the Volodarsky Bridge in 1970 which could accept 10 large ships at a time. Wastewater treatment plants were built in Krasnoselsk in 1978, on the Belyi Island in 1979–83, and in <a href="/wiki/Olgino" title="Olgino">Olgino</a> in 1987–94. The South-West Wastewater Treatment Plant was constructed in 2003–05.<sup id="cite_ref-SPBe_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPBe-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commercial_use">Commercial use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neva&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Commercial use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Neva has very few shoals and its banks are steep, making the river suited for navigation. Utkino Backwaters were constructed in the late 19th century to park unused ships. Neva is part of the major <a href="/wiki/Volga%E2%80%93Baltic_Waterway" title="Volga–Baltic Waterway">Volga–Baltic Waterway</a> and <a href="/wiki/White_Sea_%E2%80%93_Baltic_Canal" class="mw-redirect" title="White Sea – Baltic Canal">White Sea – Baltic Canal</a>, however it has relatively low transport capacity because of its width, depth and bridges. Neva is available for vessels with capacity below 5,000 tonnes. Major transported goods include timber from <a href="/wiki/Arkhangelsk_Oblast" title="Arkhangelsk Oblast">Arkhangelsk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vologda_Oblast" title="Vologda Oblast">Vologda</a>; <a href="/wiki/Apatite" title="Apatite">apatite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">granite</a> and <a href="/wiki/Diabase" title="Diabase">diabase</a> from <a href="/wiki/Kola_Peninsula" title="Kola Peninsula">Kola Peninsula</a>; <a href="/wiki/Cast_iron" title="Cast iron">cast iron</a> and <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a> from <a href="/wiki/Cherepovets" title="Cherepovets">Cherepovets</a>; coal from <a href="/wiki/Donetsk" title="Donetsk">Donetsk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kuznetsk" title="Kuznetsk">Kuznetsk</a>; <a href="/wiki/Pyrite" title="Pyrite">pyrite</a> from Ural; <a href="/wiki/Potassium_chloride" title="Potassium chloride">potassium chloride</a> from <a href="/wiki/Solikamsk" title="Solikamsk">Solikamsk</a>; oil from <a href="/wiki/Volga" title="Volga">Volga</a> region. There are also many passenger routes to <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Astrakhan" title="Astrakhan">Astrakhan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rostov,_Yaroslavl_Oblast" title="Rostov, Yaroslavl Oblast">Rostov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perm,_Russia" title="Perm, Russia">Perm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a>, <a href="/wiki/Valaam" title="Valaam">Valaam</a> and other destinations.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Navigation season on the Neva River runs from late April to November.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To the west of Shlisselburg, an oil pipeline runs under the river. The pipeline is part of the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Pipeline_System" title="Baltic Pipeline System">Baltic Pipeline System</a>, which provides oil from Timan-Pechora plate, <a href="/wiki/West_Siberian_economic_region" class="mw-redirect" title="West Siberian economic region">West Siberia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ural_economic_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Ural economic region">Ural</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Primorsk,_Leningrad_Oblast" title="Primorsk, Leningrad Oblast">Primorsk</a> to the Gulf of Finland. The 774-metre (2,539 ft) long pipeline lies 7 to 9 metres (23 to 30 ft) below the river bottom and delivers about 42 million tonnes of oil a year.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Near the <a href="/wiki/Ladozhsky_Bridge" title="Ladozhsky Bridge">Ladozhsky Bridge</a> there is an underwater tunnel to host a gas <a href="/wiki/Pipeline_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipeline transport">pipeline</a> <a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_1" title="Nord Stream 1">Nord Stream 1</a>. The tunnel has a diameter of 2 metres (6.6 ft) and a length of 750 metres (2,460 ft) and is laid at a maximum depth of 25 metres (82 ft).<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Neva is the main source of water (96 percent) of St. Petersburg and its suburbs. From 26 June 2009, St. Petersburg started processing the drinking water with ultraviolet light, abandoning the use of chlorine for disinfection.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Neva also has developed fishery, both commercial and recreational.<sup id="cite_ref-Geogr2_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Geogr2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bridges">Bridges</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neva&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Bridges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_in_Saint_Petersburg" title="List of bridges in Saint Petersburg">List of bridges in Saint Petersburg</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Oblast" title="Leningrad Oblast">Leningrad Oblast</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ladozhsky_Bridge" title="Ladozhsky Bridge">Ladozhsky Bridge</a> – built in 1981 as a <a href="/wiki/Moveable_bridge" title="Moveable bridge">movable</a> multi-span metal bridge on stone piers.</li> <li>Kuzminsky Railway Bridge – built in 1940 as a movable three-segment railway bridge.</li></ul> <p>St. Petersburg: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Obukhovsky_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Obukhovsky Bridge">Big Obukhovsky Bridge</a> – built in 2004 as a <a href="/wiki/Cable-stayed_bridge" title="Cable-stayed bridge">cable-stayed bridge</a> connecting Obukhovsky Defense avenue with Oktyabrskaya Embankment.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volodarsky_Bridge" title="Volodarsky Bridge">Volodarsky Bridge</a> – built in 1936 as a movable concrete bridge connecting Narodnaya and Ivanovo streets.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland_Railway_Bridge" title="Finland Railway Bridge">Finland Railway Bridge</a> – built in 1912 as a movable, metallic, double-segment railway bridge.</li></ul> <p>St. Petersburg, Neva delta </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Nevsky_Bridge" title="Alexander Nevsky Bridge">Alexander Nevsky Bridge</a> – built in 1965 as a movable concrete bridge connecting Alexander Nevsky Square and Zanevsky Avenue.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Great_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter the Great Bridge">Peter the Great Bridge</a> – built in 1911 as a movable, three-segment, metal bridge connecting the historic center of St. Petersburg with the Malaya Ohta district.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liteyny_Bridge" title="Liteyny Bridge">Liteyny Bridge</a> (formerly the bridge of Alexander II) – built in 1879 as a movable, six-segment, arch bridge connecting <a href="/wiki/Liteyny_Prospekt" class="mw-redirect" title="Liteyny Prospekt">Liteyny Prospekt</a> with Academician Lebedev Str. and <a href="/wiki/Vyborg" title="Vyborg">Vyborg</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_Bridge_(Saint_Petersburg)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trinity Bridge (Saint Petersburg)">Trinity Bridge</a> (formerly the Kirov bridge) – built in 1903 as a five-segment movable metal bridge connecting Suvorov Square, Trinity Square and <a href="/wiki/Kamennoostrovsky_Prospekt" title="Kamennoostrovsky Prospekt">Kamennoostrovsky Prospekt</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_Bridge" title="Palace Bridge">Palace Bridge</a> – built in 1916 as a movable, five-segment, iron bridge. Its opened central span is one of the city symbols. Connects <a href="/wiki/Nevsky_Prospekt" class="mw-redirect" title="Nevsky Prospekt">Nevsky Prospekt</a> with the Exchange Square and <a href="/wiki/Vasilievsky_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasilievsky Island">Vasilievsky Island</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blagoveshchensky_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Blagoveshchensky Bridge">Blagoveshchensky Bridge</a> (formerly the Lieutenant Schmidt Bridge) – built in 1850 as a movable seven-segment iron bridge connecting Labour Square with the 7th Line of Vasilievsky Island.<sup id="cite_ref-SPBe_6-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPBe-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:24%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kuzminsky_bridge_via_neva.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Kuzminsky_bridge_via_neva.jpg/180px-Kuzminsky_bridge_via_neva.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Kuzminsky_bridge_via_neva.jpg/270px-Kuzminsky_bridge_via_neva.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Kuzminsky_bridge_via_neva.jpg/360px-Kuzminsky_bridge_via_neva.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="663" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:26%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Big_Obukhovsky_Bridge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Big_Obukhovsky_Bridge.jpg/230px-Big_Obukhovsky_Bridge.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Big_Obukhovsky_Bridge.jpg/345px-Big_Obukhovsky_Bridge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Big_Obukhovsky_Bridge.jpg/460px-Big_Obukhovsky_Bridge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:26%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%8C%D1%8E.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%8C%D1%8E.jpg/215px-%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%8C%D1%8E.jpg" decoding="async" width="215" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%8C%D1%8E.jpg/323px-%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%8C%D1%8E.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%8C%D1%8E.jpg/430px-%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%8C%D1%8E.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2429" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:24%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lieutenant_Schmidt_Bridge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Lieutenant_Schmidt_Bridge.jpg/205px-Lieutenant_Schmidt_Bridge.jpg" decoding="async" width="205" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Lieutenant_Schmidt_Bridge.jpg/308px-Lieutenant_Schmidt_Bridge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Lieutenant_Schmidt_Bridge.jpg/410px-Lieutenant_Schmidt_Bridge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kuzminsky railway bridge </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Big_Obukhovsky_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Obukhovsky Bridge">Big Obukhovsky Bridge</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Liteyny_Bridge" title="Liteyny Bridge">Liteyny Bridge</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Blagoveshchensky_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Blagoveshchensky Bridge">Blagoveshchensky Bridge</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Construction of the <a href="/wiki/Novo-Admiralteisky_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Novo-Admiralteisky Bridge">Novo-Admiralteisky Bridge</a>, a movable <a href="/wiki/Drawbridge" title="Drawbridge">drawbridge</a> across the river, has been approved, but will not commence before 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Attractions">Attractions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neva&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Attractions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a></div> <p>Whereas most tourist attractions of Neva are located within St. Petersburg, there are several historical places upstream, in the Leningrad Oblast. They include the fortress <a href="/wiki/Shlisselburg" title="Shlisselburg">Oreshek</a>, which was built in 1323 on the Orekhovy Island at the source of Neva River, south-west of the Petrokrepost Bay, near the city of <a href="/wiki/Shlisselburg" title="Shlisselburg">Shlisselburg</a>. The waterfront of Schlisselburg has a monument of Peter I.<sup id="cite_ref-old_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-old-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the city, there are Blagoveshchensky Cathedral (1764–95) and a still functioning Orthodox church of St. Nicholas, built in 1739. On the river bank stands the Church of the Intercession. Raised in 2007, it is a wooden replica of a historical church which stood on the southern shore of Lake Onega. That church was constructed in 1708 and it burned down in 1963. It is believed to be the forerunner of the famous <a href="/wiki/Kizhi_Pogost" title="Kizhi Pogost">Kizhi Pogost</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-un_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-un-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ladoga_Canal" title="Ladoga Canal">Old Ladoga Canal</a>, built in the first half of the 18th century, is a water transport route along the shore of Lake Ladoga which is connecting the River Volkhov and Neva.<sup id="cite_ref-old_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-old-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of its historical structures are preserved, such as a four-chamber granite sluice (1836) and a bridge (1832). </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 170px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bolshaya_Neva.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Neva River in a nineteenth-century painting"><img alt="The Neva River in a nineteenth-century painting" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Bolshaya_Neva.jpg/200px-Bolshaya_Neva.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Bolshaya_Neva.jpg/300px-Bolshaya_Neva.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Bolshaya_Neva.jpg/400px-Bolshaya_Neva.jpg 2x" data-file-width="548" data-file-height="346" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Neva River in a nineteenth-century painting</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 170px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sunset_over_Neva_river.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sunset over an ice-covered Neva River"><img alt="Sunset over an ice-covered Neva River" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Sunset_over_Neva_river.jpg/200px-Sunset_over_Neva_river.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Sunset_over_Neva_river.jpg/300px-Sunset_over_Neva_river.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Sunset_over_Neva_river.jpg/400px-Sunset_over_Neva_river.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="799" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sunset over an ice-covered Neva River</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_incidents">Notable incidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neva&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Notable incidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Tupolev_124_ditching_in_Neva_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Tupolev 124 ditching in Neva River">Tupolev 124 ditching in Neva River</a></div> <p>On 21 August 1963, a Soviet twinjet <a href="/wiki/Tupolev_Tu-124" title="Tupolev Tu-124">Tu-124</a> airliner performed an emergency <a href="/wiki/Water_landing" title="Water landing">water landing</a> on the Neva near the <a href="/wiki/Finland_Railway_Bridge" title="Finland Railway Bridge">Finland Railway Bridge</a>. The plane took off from <a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a>-Ülemiste Airport (<a href="/wiki/Lennart_Meri_Tallinn_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Lennart Meri Tallinn Airport">TLL</a>) at 08:55 on 21 August 1963 with 45 passengers and seven crew on board and was scheduled to land at <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>-Vnukovo (<a href="/wiki/Vnukovo_International_Airport" title="Vnukovo International Airport">VKO</a>). After liftoff, the crew noticed that the nose gear undercarriage did not retract, and the <a href="/wiki/Air_traffic_control" title="Air traffic control">ground control</a> diverted the flight to <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Leningrad</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pulkovo_Airport" title="Pulkovo Airport">LED</a>) because of <a href="/wiki/Fog" title="Fog">fog</a> at Tallinn. While circling above St. Petersburg at the altitude of 1,650 feet (500 m), under unclear circumstances (lack of fuel was one of the factors), both engines stalled. The crew performed an emergency landing on the Neva River, barely missing some of its bridges and an 1898-built steam <a href="/wiki/Tugboat" title="Tugboat">tugboat</a>. The tugboat rushed to the plane and towed it to the shore. The plane's pilot was at first fired from his job but was later reinstated and awarded the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Red_Star" title="Order of the Red Star">Order of the Red Star</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neva&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Neva2-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Neva2_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neva2_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neva2_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNezhihovsky,_R.A.1981" class="citation book cs1">Nezhihovsky, R.A. (1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SqcgAQAAMAAJ"><i>Река Нева и Невская губа</i></a> [<i>Neva River and Neva Bay</i>]. Gidrometeoizdat. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230410073956/https://books.google.com/books?id=SqcgAQAAMAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%B8+%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0&rft.pub=Gidrometeoizdat&rft.date=1981&rft.au=Nezhihovsky%2C+R.A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSqcgAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKallio" class="citation web cs1">Kallio, Petri. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/37709596">"Muinaiskarjalan uralilainen tausta"</a>. <i>Academia</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230306095551/https://www.academia.edu/37709596">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Academia&rft.atitle=Muinaiskarjalan+uralilainen+tausta&rft.aulast=Kallio&rft.aufirst=Petri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F37709596&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWefer,_Gerold2002" class="citation book cs1">Wefer, Gerold (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LElrclnl0C8C&pg=PA217"><i>Climate development and history of the North Atlantic realm</i></a>. Springer. pp. 217–219. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-540-43201-9" title="Special:BookSources/3-540-43201-9"><bdi>3-540-43201-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230410073933/https://books.google.com/books?id=LElrclnl0C8C&pg=PA217">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Climate+development+and+history+of+the+North+Atlantic+realm&rft.pages=217-219&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=3-540-43201-9&rft.au=Wefer%2C+Gerold&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLElrclnl0C8C%26pg%3DPA217&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaarnistoGrönlund1996" class="citation journal cs1">Saarnisto, Matti; Grönlund, Tuulikki (1996). "Shoreline displacement of Lake Ladoga — new data from Kilpolansaari". <i>Hydrobiologia</i>. <b>322</b> (1–3): 205–215. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF00031829">10.1007/BF00031829</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:42459564">42459564</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Shoreline+displacement+of+Lake+Ladoga+%E2%80%94+new+data+from+Kilpolansaari&rft.volume=322&rft.issue=1%E2%80%933&rft.pages=205-215&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF00031829&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A42459564%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Saarnisto&rft.aufirst=Matti&rft.au=Gr%C3%B6nlund%2C+Tuulikki&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Geogr-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Geogr_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDarinskii,_A.V.1982" class="citation book cs1">Darinskii, A.V. (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KuRdPAAACAAJ"><i>География Ленинграда</i></a> [<i>Geography of Leningrad</i>]. Lenizdat. pp. 12–18. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230410074002/https://books.google.com/books?id=KuRdPAAACAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0&rft.pages=12-18&rft.pub=Lenizdat&rft.date=1982&rft.au=Darinskii%2C+A.V.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKuRdPAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SPBe-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SPBe_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SPBe_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SPBe_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SPBe_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SPBe_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SPBe_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SPBe_6-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SPBe_6-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SPBe_6-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SPBe_6-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">St. Petersburg: Encyclopedia. – Moscow: Russian Political Encyclopedia. 2006; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/5-8110-0107-X" title="Special:BookSources/5-8110-0107-X">5-8110-0107-X</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Geogr2-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Geogr2_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Geogr2_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDarinskii,_A.V.1982" class="citation book cs1">Darinskii, A.V. (1982). <i>География Ленинграда</i> [<i>Geography of Leningrad</i>]. Lenizdat. pp. 34–45.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0&rft.pages=34-45&rft.pub=Lenizdat&rft.date=1982&rft.au=Darinskii%2C+A.V.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-a59-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-a59_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-a59_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-a59_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Ленинград. Историко-географический атлас</i> [<i>Leningrad. Historical atlas</i>]. Moscow: Main Office of Geodesy and Cartography under the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_(Soviet_Union)" class="mw-redirect" title="Council of Ministers (Soviet Union)">Council of Ministers of the USSR</a>. 1981. p. 59.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.+%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81&rft.place=Moscow&rft.pages=59&rft.pub=Main+Office+of+Geodesy+and+Cartography+under+the+Council+of+Ministers+of+the+USSR&rft.date=1981&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encspb.ru/object/2803997867?lc=en">"Neva, river"</a>. <i>Saint Petersburg encyclopaedia</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170826073737/http://www.encspb.ru/object/2803997867?lc=en">Archived</a> from the original on 26 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Saint+Petersburg+encyclopaedia&rft.atitle=Neva%2C+river&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encspb.ru%2Fobject%2F2803997867%3Flc%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ist-geogr.atlas-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ist-geogr.atlas_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ist-geogr.atlas_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ist-geogr.atlas_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Историко-географический атлас "Ленинград"</i> [Historical atlas "Leningrad"]. Moscow: GUGK CM USSR, 1977</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sk7LQgAACAAJ"><i>Leningrad. Historical atlas</i></a>. M.: Main Office of Geodesy and Cartography under the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_(Soviet_Union)" class="mw-redirect" title="Council of Ministers (Soviet Union)">Council of Ministers of the USSR</a>. 1981. p. 57.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Leningrad.+Historical+atlas&rft.place=M.&rft.pages=57&rft.pub=Main+Office+of+Geodesy+and+Cartography+under+the+Council+of+Ministers+of+the+USSR&rft.date=1981&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dsk7LQgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Atlas_Lo-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Atlas_Lo_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Atlas_Lo_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_lFwAAAAIAAJ"><i>Atlas of Leningrad Oblast</i></a>. GUGK at USSR Council. 1967. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230410073945/https://books.google.com/books?id=_lFwAAAAIAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Atlas+of+Leningrad+Oblast&rft.pub=GUGK+at+USSR+Council&rft.date=1967&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_lFwAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lo-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lo_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Darinskii, A. V. (1975) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DgYFAAAAMAAJ"><i>Ленинградская область (Leningrad oblast)</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230410073958/https://books.google.com/books?id=DgYFAAAAMAAJ">Archived</a> 10 April 2023 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Lenizdat, pp. 48–49</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lihotkin, G. and Milash, N. (1968) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aroundspb.ru/guide/northeast/bogoslovka/index.php"><i>Невский лесопарк</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121125013741/http://www.aroundspb.ru/guide/northeast/bogoslovka/index.php">Archived</a> 25 November 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. (Nevsky Forest Park, in Russian). aroundspb.ru.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Neva-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Neva_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Neva_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nevariver.ru/index.php">Все о реке Неве: мосты, притоки, наводнения...</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171227023312/http://www.nevariver.ru/index.php">Archived</a> 27 December 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (All of the Neva River: bridges, tributaries, flooding ..., in Russian). nevariver.ru. Accessed 29 November 2022.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolly_Hughes,_Larry_West2008" class="citation book cs1">Holly Hughes, Larry West (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xMDPksxFhCYC&pg=PA327"><i>Frommer's 500 Places to See Before They Disappear</i></a>. Frommer's. p. 327. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-470-18986-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-18986-3"><bdi>978-0-470-18986-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Frommer%27s+500+Places+to+See+Before+They+Disappear&rft.pages=327&rft.pub=Frommer%27s&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-470-18986-3&rft.au=Holly+Hughes%2C+Larry+West&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxMDPksxFhCYC%26pg%3DPA327&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRyabchuk,_D._V." class="citation book cs1">Ryabchuk, D. V.; et al. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://balticlagoons.net/wp-content/uploads/balloon//2010/04/baloon-NG.pdf"><i>The Neva Bay (Russia) – antropogenic lagoon</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. All-Russia Research Geological Institute. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200804175007/http://balticlagoons.net/wp-content/uploads/balloon//2010/04/baloon-NG.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 4 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Neva+Bay+%28Russia%29+%E2%80%93+antropogenic+lagoon&rft.pub=All-Russia+Research+Geological+Institute&rft.au=Ryabchuk%2C+D.+V.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbalticlagoons.net%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fballoon%2F%2F2010%2F04%2Fbaloon-NG.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edu.joensuu.fi/eno/documents/global4.pdf">Water pollution in the hydroelectric power plants area</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-list-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-list_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nevariver.ru/flood_list.php">ПОЛНЫЙ ХРОНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ СПИСОК НАВОДНЕНИЙ В САНКТ-ПЕТЕРБУРГЕ (ПЕТРОГРАДЕ, ЛЕНИНГРАДЕ)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120212084816/http://www.nevariver.ru/flood_list.php">Archived</a> 12 February 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – a list of floods in St. Petersburg (in Russian). nevariver.ru</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorozova,_A.2010" class="citation news cs1">Morozova, A. (26 February 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spb.kp.ru/online/news/624216/">"Из-за паводка в Петербурге могут разобрать мост"</a> [A bridge might be removed in St. Petersburg because of the flood]. <i><a href="/wiki/Komsomolskaya_Pravda" title="Komsomolskaya Pravda">Komsomolskaya Pravda</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180331040736/https://www.spb.kp.ru/online/news/624216/">Archived</a> from the original on 31 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Komsomolskaya+Pravda&rft.atitle=%D0%98%D0%B7-%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0+%D0%B2+%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%82+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82&rft.date=2010-02-26&rft.au=Morozova%2C+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspb.kp.ru%2Fonline%2Fnews%2F624216%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090419040912/http://www.ghi.aaanet.ru/node/47">"КАЧЕСТВО ПОВЕРХНОСТНЫХ ВОД РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ghi.aaanet.ru/node/47">the original</a> on 19 April 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9A%D0%90%D0%A7%D0%95%D0%A1%D0%A2%D0%92%D0%9E+%D0%9F%D0%9E%D0%92%D0%95%D0%A0%D0%A5%D0%9D%D0%9E%D0%A1%D0%A2%D0%9D%D0%AB%D0%A5+%D0%92%D0%9E%D0%94+%D0%A0%D0%9E%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%98%D0%99%D0%A1%D0%9A%D0%9E%D0%99+%D0%A4%D0%95%D0%94%D0%95%D0%A0%D0%90%D0%A6%D0%98%D0%98&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ghi.aaanet.ru%2Fnode%2F47&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span> (quality of surface waters of the Russian Federation). Yearbook 2006. Institute of hydrochemistry, Rostov. ghi.aaanet.ru</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grinpis-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Grinpis_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grinpis_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100310173326/http://www.greenpeace.org/russia/ru/save-neva/project">"Clean Neva"</a> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greenpeace.org/russia/ru/save-neva/project">the original</a> on 10 March 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Clean+Neva&rft.pub=Greenpeace&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.greenpeace.org%2Frussia%2Fru%2Fsave-neva%2Fproject&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grinpis_2-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Grinpis_2_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100317213427/http://www.greenpeace.org/russia/ru/save-neva/neva">"Clean Neva"</a> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greenpeace.org/russia/ru/save-neva/neva">the original</a> on 17 March 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Clean+Neva&rft.pub=Greenpeace&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.greenpeace.org%2Frussia%2Fru%2Fsave-neva%2Fneva&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eco.rian.ru/shortage/20091020/189781554.html">"В ближайшие два года Петербург будет очищать почти 100% сточных вод"</a> [In the next two years, St. Petersburg will clean almost 100% of wastewater]. RIA Novosti. 20 October 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110807134412/http://eco.ria.ru/shortage/20091020/189781554.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2010</span>. <q>К концу года Петербург будет очищать 91,7% сточных вод, а до 2011 года - почти все 100%, сообщил журналистам руководитель ГУП "Водоканал Петербурга" Феликс Кармазинов.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%92+%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B5+%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0+%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3+%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%82%D0%B8+100%25+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4&rft.pub=RIA+Novosti&rft.date=2009-10-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feco.rian.ru%2Fshortage%2F20091020%2F189781554.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Predystoriya_Sankt-Peterburga-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Predystoriya_Sankt-Peterburga_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sharymov, Alexander <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NaXFAQAACAAJ"><i> History of St. Petersburg. 1703. Book studies</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230410074031/https://books.google.com/books?id=NaXFAQAACAAJ">Archived</a> 10 April 2023 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Journal Neva, 2004; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/5-87516-044-6" title="Special:BookSources/5-87516-044-6">5-87516-044-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hist1-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ezhov, V. A. (1986) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7GQdAAAAMAAJ"><i>Ленинградская область: исторический очерк</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230410074014/https://books.google.com/books?id=7GQdAAAAMAAJ">Archived</a> 10 April 2023 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. (Leningrad Oblast: a historical sketch, in Russian), Lenizdat.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pushkinsky_dom-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pushkinsky_dom_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lib.pushkinskijdom.ru/Default.aspx?tabid=4962">Electronic publication of the Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkin House), RAS</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190201120023/http://lib.pushkinskijdom.ru/Default.aspx?tabid=4962">Archived</a> 1 February 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Lib.pushkinskijdom.ru. Retrieved 13 July 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ASVlAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA855"><i>The biographical dictionary of the Society for the diffusion of useful knowledge, Volume 1</i></a>. Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans. 1842. p. 855. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230410074041/https://books.google.com/books?id=ASVlAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA855">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+biographical+dictionary+of+the+Society+for+the+diffusion+of+useful+knowledge%2C+Volume+1&rft.pages=855&rft.pub=Longman%2C+Brown%2C+Green%2C+and+Longmans&rft.date=1842&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DASVlAAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA855&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKirby,_D._G.2006" class="citation book cs1">Kirby, D. G. (2006). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof00davi_0"><i>A concise history of Finland</i></a></span>. Cambridge University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof00davi_0/page/8">8</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-83225-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-83225-X"><bdi>0-521-83225-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+concise+history+of+Finland&rft.pages=8&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-521-83225-X&rft.au=Kirby%2C+D.+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fconcisehistoryof00davi_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sablino.ru/lomon/kop_76_5.htm">В "ПЛЕНУ" У ШВЕДОВ</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180227150843/http://www.sablino.ru/lomon/kop_76_5.htm">Archived</a> 27 February 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. (In "captivity" of the Swedes, in Russian). Sablino.ru.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opeterburge.ru/transport_521.html">Трамвай в Санкт-Петербурге</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924061603/http://www.opeterburge.ru/transport_521.html">Archived</a> 24 September 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. (Tram in St. Petersburg, in Russian). www.opeterburge.ru</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://babs71.livejournal.com/210247.html">Через Неву по льду</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727212805/http://babs71.livejournal.com/210247.html">Archived</a> 27 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. (Over Neva on ice, in Russian). livejournal.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vppress.ru/stories/za-tri-kopeyki-cherez-nevu-6469">За три копейки через Неву</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110901201015/http://vppress.ru/stories/za-tri-kopeyki-cherez-nevu-6469">Archived</a> 1 September 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. (For 3 kopeks over Neva, in Russian), <i>Vechernii St. Petersburg</i> (5 February 2010).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShapilov,_E.1994" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Shapilov, E., ed. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JgO3AAAAIAAJ"><i>From horsecar to tram: History of transport in St. Petersburg</i></a> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/5-87417-002-2" title="Special:BookSources/5-87417-002-2"><bdi>5-87417-002-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230410074000/https://books.google.com/books?id=JgO3AAAAIAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+horsecar+to+tram%3A+History+of+transport+in+St.+Petersburg&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=5-87417-002-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJgO3AAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Antonov, B.I. "Bridges of St. petersburg", Glagol, 2002.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.map.infoflot.ru/region_europe/index_euro.htm">Russian river fleet and tourism INFOFLOT.RU</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171020231021/http://map.infoflot.ru/region_europe/index_euro.htm">Archived</a> 20 October 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Map.infoflot.ru. Retrieved on 2013-07-13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090330145146/http://www.st-petersburg.ru/transport/water/">"Водный транспорт"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.st-petersburg.ru/transport/water/">the original</a> on 30 March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.st-petersburg.ru%2Ftransport%2Fwater%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span>. www.st-petersburg.ru (in Russian).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vsluh.ru/news/oilgas/21602.html#Icon_In">Transneft has finished laying a tunnel under the Neva</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110724184052/http://www.vsluh.ru/news/oilgas/21602.html#Icon_In">Archived</a> 24 July 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Vsluh.ru (25 August 2008). Retrieved on 2013-07-13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100121040816/http://www.energospace.ru/2009/07/22/pod-nevojj-prolozhen-tonnel-dlja-severnogo-potoka.html">"Под Невой проложен тоннель для "Северного потока"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.energospace.ru/2009/07/22/pod-nevojj-prolozhen-tonnel-dlja-severnogo-potoka.html">the original</a> on 21 January 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4+%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD+%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C+%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F+%22%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.energospace.ru%2F2009%2F07%2F22%2Fpod-nevojj-prolozhen-tonnel-dlja-severnogo-potoka.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span>. energospace.ru (22 July 2009).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vodokanal.spb.ru/vodosnabzhenie/tehnologii_ochistki/">Технологии очистки</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130723042418/http://www.vodokanal.spb.ru/vodosnabzhenie/tehnologii_ochistki/">Archived</a> 23 July 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. vodokanal.spb.ru (in Russian).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spb-projects.ru/showpage.php?id=428">Ново-Адмиралтейский мост через Неву</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101130225310/http://spb-projects.ru/showpage.php?id=428">Archived</a> 30 November 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. (Novo Admiralty-bridge across the Neva, in Russian) Spb-projects.ru.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-old-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-old_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-old_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.map.infoflot.ru/region_europe/sever_zapad/ladoga/channel/old_new_ladoga/old_new_ladoga.htm">Староладожский и Новоладожский каналы</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091215152057/http://www.map.infoflot.ru/region_europe/sever_zapad/ladoga/channel/old_new_ladoga/old_new_ladoga.htm">Archived</a> 15 December 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. infoflot.ru (in Russian)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-un-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-un_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0009/000929/092980eo.pdf">Ethnographic and open-air museums</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180928182224/http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0009/000929/092980eo.pdf">Archived</a> 28 September 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, UNESCO, pp. 170–173</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bogoslovka.ru/index.php">Church of the Intercession</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110130042516/http://www.bogoslovka.ru/index.php">Archived</a> 30 January 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Bogoslovka.ru (in Russian). Retrieved on 2013-07-13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aviaport.ru/digest/2009/01/16/164980.html">"A320 splashed on the Hudson, as the Tu-124 on the Neva River in 1963"</a>. AviaPort. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110929013705/http://www.aviaport.ru/digest/2009/01/16/164980.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 September 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A320+splashed+on+the+Hudson%2C+as+the+Tu-124+on+the+Neva+River+in+1963&rft.pub=AviaPort&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aviaport.ru%2Fdigest%2F2009%2F01%2F16%2F164980.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19630821-2">"Accident description"</a>. Aviation Safety Network. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120111114430/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19630821-2">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Accident+description&rft.pub=Aviation+Safety+Network&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D19630821-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nevariver.ru/airplane.php">"The plane could land on the city but landed... on Neva"</a>. Petrovsky Courier, No 41 (211). 2 November 1998. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120427235218/http://www.nevariver.ru/airplane.php">Archived</a> from the original on 27 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+plane+could+land+on+the+city+but+landed...+on+Neva&rft.pub=Petrovsky+Courier%2C+No+41+%28211%29&rft.date=1998-11-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nevariver.ru%2Fairplane.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neva&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Neva_River" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Neva River">Neva River</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Neva"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Neva">"Neva" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11th ed.). 1911.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Neva&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:The New International Encyclopædia/Neva"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_International_Encyclop%C3%A6dia/Neva">"Neva" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_International_Encyclopedia" class="mw-redirect" title="New International Encyclopedia">New International Encyclopedia</a></i>. 1905.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Neva&rft.btitle=New+International+Encyclopedia&rft.date=1905&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nevariver.ru">Neva River</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070321065427/http://nevariver.ru/">Archived</a> 21 March 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130131093432/http://parovoz.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?f=4&t=3743">"Links to a collection of "ice-tram" service photos"</a> (in Russian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://parovoz.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?f=4&t=3743">the original</a> on 31 January 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Links+to+a+collection+of+%22ice-tram%22+service+photos&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fparovoz.com%2FphpBB2%2Fviewtopic.php%3Ff%3D4%26t%3D3743&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeva" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Saint_Petersburg" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Saint_Petersburg" title="Template:Saint Petersburg"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Saint_Petersburg" title="Template talk:Saint Petersburg"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Saint_Petersburg" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Saint Petersburg"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Saint_Petersburg" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="Administrative divisions of Saint Petersburg">Districts</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia" title="Federal cities of Russia">Federal City</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Oblast" title="Leningrad Oblast">Leningrad Oblast</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_buildings_and_structures_in_Saint_Petersburg" title="List of buildings and structures in Saint Petersburg">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Saint_Petersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Saint Petersburg">Climate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Floods_in_Saint_Petersburg" title="Floods in Saint Petersburg">Floods</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="Demographics of Saint Petersburg">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="Economy of Saint Petersburg">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="Flag of Saint Petersburg">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="History of Saint Petersburg">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="Timeline of Saint Petersburg">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Great" title="Peter the Great">Peter the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Leningrad" title="Siege of Leningrad">Siege of Leningrad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landmarks_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="Landmarks of Saint Petersburg">Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Saint_Petersburg" title="List of people from Saint Petersburg">People</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="Geography of Saint Petersburg">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Finland" title="Gulf of Finland">Gulf of Finland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Saint_Petersburg" title="Central Saint Petersburg">Central Saint Petersburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamenny_Islands" title="Kamenny Islands">Kamenny Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakhtinsky_Razliv" title="Lakhtinsky Razliv">Lakhtinsky Razliv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moyka" title="Moyka">Moyka</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Neva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Holland_Island" title="New Holland Island">New Holland Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrogradsky_Island" title="Petrogradsky Island">Petrogradsky Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulkovo_Heights" title="Pulkovo Heights">Pulkovo Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasilyevsky_Island" title="Vasilyevsky Island">Vasilyevsky Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_Canal" title="Winter Canal">Winter Canal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Society_and_culture_in_Saint_Petersburg" title="Society and culture in Saint Petersburg">Society and culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg#Literature" title="Saint Petersburg">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Saint_Petersburg" title="List of museums in Saint Petersburg">Museums</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hermitage_Museum" title="Hermitage Museum">Hermitage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterhof_Palace" title="Peterhof Palace">Peterhof Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_Palace" title="Winter Palace">Winter Palace</a></li></ul></li> <li>Music <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mariinsky_Theatre" title="Mariinsky Theatre">Mariinsky Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_Philharmonic_Orchestra" title="Saint Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra">Orchestra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg#Parks" title="Saint Petersburg">Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg#Religion" title="Saint Petersburg">Religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Savior_on_Blood" title="Church of the Savior on Blood">Church of the Savior on Blood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazan_Cathedral,_Saint_Petersburg" title="Kazan Cathedral, Saint Petersburg">Kazan Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saints_Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral,_Saint_Petersburg" title="Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral, Saint Petersburg">Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Isaac%27s_Cathedral" title="Saint Isaac's Cathedral">Saint Isaac's Cathedral</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Saint_Petersburg" title="Sport in Saint Petersburg">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_theatres_in_Saint_Petersburg" title="List of theatres in Saint Petersburg">Theaters</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hermitage_Theatre" title="Hermitage Theatre">Hermitage Theatre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg#Tourism" title="Saint Petersburg">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_Centre_of_Saint_Petersburg_and_Related_Groups_of_Monuments" title="Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments">World Heritage Site</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Government</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="Legislative Assembly of Saint Petersburg">Legislative Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="Politics of Saint Petersburg">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_City_Administration" title="Saint Petersburg City Administration">City Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_Saint_Petersburg_government" class="mw-redirect" title="List of heads of Saint Petersburg government">Heads of Government</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Emergency services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_Police" title="Saint Petersburg Police">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Russia" title="Crime in Russia">Crime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_higher_education_and_academic_institutions_in_Saint_Petersburg" title="List of higher education and academic institutions in Saint Petersburg">Education (primary, secondary, and tertiary)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg#Transportation" title="Saint Petersburg">Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pulkovo_Airport" title="Pulkovo Airport">Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_in_Saint_Petersburg" title="List of bridges in Saint Petersburg">Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buses_in_Saint_Petersburg" title="Buses in Saint Petersburg">Buses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg_Metro" title="Saint Petersburg Metro">Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Saint_Petersburg" title="Trams in Saint Petersburg">Trams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Saint_Petersburg" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Saint_Petersburg" title="Category:Saint Petersburg">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="Outline of Saint Petersburg">Outline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rivers_and_canals_of_Saint_Petersburg" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rivers_and_canals_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="Template:Rivers and canals of Saint Petersburg"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rivers_and_canals_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="Template talk:Rivers and canals of Saint Petersburg"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rivers_and_canals_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rivers and canals of Saint Petersburg"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rivers_and_canals_of_Saint_Petersburg" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Rivers and canals of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Admiralteysky_Canal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Admiralteysky Canal (page does not exist)">Admiralteysky Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Admiralteysky_Rov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Admiralteysky Rov (page does not exist)">Admiralteysky Rov</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bezymyanny_ruchey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bezymyanny ruchey (page does not exist)">Bezymyanny ruchey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bobilka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bobilka (page does not exist)">Bobilka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolshaya_Izhorka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bolshaya Izhorka (page does not exist)">Bolshaya Izhorka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bumazhny_Canal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bumazhny Canal (page does not exist)">Bumazhny Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chyornaya_Rechka_(Saint_Petersburg)" title="Chyornaya Rechka (Saint Petersburg)">Chyornaya Rechka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chyornaya,_Lakhta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chyornaya, Lakhta (page does not exist)">Chyornaya, Lakhta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chyornaya,_Serovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chyornaya, Serovo (page does not exist)">Chyornaya, Serovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chyornaya,_Sestroretsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chyornaya, Sestroretsk (page does not exist)">Chyornaya, Sestroretsk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dachnaya_(river)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dachnaya (river) (page does not exist)">Dachnaya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dudergofka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dudergofka (page does not exist)">Dudergofka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dudergofsky_Canal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dudergofsky Canal (page does not exist)">Dudergofsky Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fontanka" title="Fontanka">Fontanka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frantsuzsky_Kovsh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frantsuzsky Kovsh (page does not exist)">Frantsuzsky Kovsh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galernaya_Gavan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galernaya Gavan (page does not exist)">Galernaya Gavan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glukharka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glukharka (page does not exist)">Glukharka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gorely_Ruchey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gorely Ruchey (page does not exist)">Gorely Ruchey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Neva" title="Great Neva">Great Neva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Nevka" title="Great Nevka">Great Nevka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griboyedov_Canal" title="Griboyedov Canal">Griboyedov Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivanovka_(river)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivanovka (river) (page does not exist)">Ivanovka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izhora" title="Izhora">Izhora</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamenka_(Saint_Petersburg)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamenka (Saint Petersburg) (page does not exist)">Kamenka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karpovka" title="Karpovka">Karpovka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kovsh_Novoy_Gollandii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kovsh Novoy Gollandii (page does not exist)">Kovsh Novoy Gollandii</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Krasnenkaya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krasnenkaya (page does not exist)">Krasnenkaya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Krestovka_(river)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krestovka (river) (page does not exist)">Krestovka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kronverksky_Canal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kronverksky Canal (page does not exist)">Kronverksky Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kronverksky_Strait" title="Kronverksky Strait">Kronverksky Strait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kryukov_Canal" title="Kryukov Canal">Kryukov Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lapka_(river)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lapka (river) (page does not exist)">Lapka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligovsky_Canal" title="Ligovsky Canal">Ligovsky Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligovsky_Pond" title="Ligovsky Pond">Ligovsky Pond</a> †</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Neva" title="Little Neva">Little Neva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Nevka" title="Little Nevka">Little Nevka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lubya_(river)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lubya (river) (page does not exist)">Lubya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matisov_Canal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matisov Canal (page does not exist)">Matisov Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Nevka" title="Middle Nevka">Middle Nevka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monastyrka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monastyrka (page does not exist)">Monastyrka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Morskoy_Canal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Morskoy Canal (page does not exist)">Morskoy Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moyka" title="Moyka">Moyka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murinsky_ruchey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murinsky ruchey (page does not exist)">Murinsky ruchey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murzinka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murzinka (page does not exist)">Murzinka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nagorny_Canal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nagorny Canal (page does not exist)">Nagorny Canal</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Neva</a></li> <li>Novaya</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Novo-Admiralteysky_Canal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Novo-Admiralteysky Canal (page does not exist)">Novo-Admiralteysky Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obvodny_Canal" title="Obvodny Canal">Obvodny Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okhta" title="Okhta">Okhta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okkervil" title="Okkervil">Okkervil</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pryazhka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pryazhka (page does not exist)">Pryazhka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Canal" title="Red Canal">Red Canal</a> †</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint_Petersburg_Fortress_Canal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint Petersburg Fortress Canal (page does not exist)">Saint Petersburg Fortress Canal</a> †</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salnobuyansky_Canal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salnobuyansky Canal (page does not exist)">Salnobuyansky Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seldyanoy_Canal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seldyanoy Canal (page does not exist)">Seldyanoy Canal</a> †</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sestra_(Leningrad_Oblast)" title="Sestra (Leningrad Oblast)">Sestra</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shkipersky_Canal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shkipersky Canal (page does not exist)">Shkipersky Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavyanka_(river)" title="Slavyanka (river)">Slavyanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smolenka_(river)" title="Smolenka (river)">Smolenka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spartak_(river)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spartak (river) (page does not exist)">Spartak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swan_Canal" title="Swan Canal">Swan Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Starozhilovka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Starozhilovka (page does not exist)">Starozhilovka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tarakanovka_(river)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tarakanovka (river) (page does not exist)">Tarakanovka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utka (page does not exist)">Utka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volkovka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volkovka (page does not exist)">Volkovka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volkovsky_Canal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volkovsky Canal (page does not exist)">Volkovsky Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voskresensky_Canal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voskresensky Canal (page does not exist)">Voskresensky Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vvedensky_Canal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vvedensky Canal (page does not exist)">Vvedensky Canal</a> †</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_Canal" title="Winter Canal">Winter Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yekateringofka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yekateringofka (page does not exist)">Yekateringofka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemelyanovka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yemelyanovka (page does not exist)">Yemelyanovka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yuntolovka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yuntolovka (page does not exist)">Yuntolovka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhdanovka" title="Zhdanovka">Zhdanovka</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saint_Petersburg_Admiralty_Spire_Ship_2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Saint Petersburg Admiralty Spire Ship"><img alt="Saint Petersburg Admiralty Spire Ship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Saint_Petersburg_Admiralty_Spire_Ship_2.svg/96px-Saint_Petersburg_Admiralty_Spire_Ship_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="96" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Saint_Petersburg_Admiralty_Spire_Ship_2.svg/144px-Saint_Petersburg_Admiralty_Spire_Ship_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Saint_Petersburg_Admiralty_Spire_Ship_2.svg/192px-Saint_Petersburg_Admiralty_Spire_Ship_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="170" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Russia&#124;link=Russia_Rivers_of_Russia_by_drainage_basin" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rivers_of_Russia" title="Template:Rivers of Russia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rivers_of_Russia" title="Template talk:Rivers of Russia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rivers_of_Russia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rivers of Russia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Russia&#124;link=Russia_Rivers_of_Russia_by_drainage_basin" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Russia" title="List of rivers of Russia">Rivers of Russia</a> <span class="nobold"><span style="font-size:85%;">by <a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">drainage basin</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Barents_Sea" title="Barents Sea">Barents Sea</a> and <a href="/wiki/White_Sea" title="White Sea">White Sea</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iokanga" title="Iokanga">Iokanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kem_(river)" title="Kem (river)">Kem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaya_Belaya" title="Malaya Belaya">Malaya Belaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezen_(river)" title="Mezen (river)">Mezen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nautsiyoki" title="Nautsiyoki">Nautsiyoki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niva_(river)" title="Niva (river)">Niva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Dvina" title="Northern Dvina">Northern Dvina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pinega_(river)" title="Pinega (river)">Pinega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhona" title="Sukhona">Sukhona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uftyuga_(Northern_Dvina)" title="Uftyuga (Northern Dvina)">Uftyuga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaga_(river)" title="Vaga (river)">Vaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vychegda" title="Vychegda">Vychegda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemtsa_(river)" title="Yemtsa (river)">Yomtsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yug_(river)" title="Yug (river)">Yug</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onega_(river)" title="Onega (river)">Onega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pechora_(river)" title="Pechora (river)">Pechora</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Usa_(Pechora)" title="Usa (Pechora)">Usa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponoy" title="Ponoy">Ponoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varzuga_(river)" title="Varzuga (river)">Varzuga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voronya" title="Voronya">Voronya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luga_(river)" title="Luga (river)">Luga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oredezh" title="Oredezh">Oredezh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narva_(river)" title="Narva (river)">Narva</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plyussa_(river)" title="Plyussa (river)">Plyussa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neman" title="Neman">Neman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0e%C5%A1up%C4%97" title="Šešupė">Šešupė</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Neva</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Izhora" title="Izhora">Izhora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mga_(river)" title="Mga (river)">Mga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okhta" title="Okhta">Okhta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tosna" title="Tosna">Tosna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pregolya" title="Pregolya">Pregolya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angrapa" title="Angrapa">Angrapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruch" title="Instruch">Instruch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%81yna_(river)" title="Łyna (river)">Lava</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sestra_(Leningrad_Oblast)" title="Sestra (Leningrad Oblast)">Sestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daugava" title="Daugava">Western Dvina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palata_(river)" title="Palata (river)">Polota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasplya" title="Kasplya">Kasplya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezha_(Daugava)" title="Mezha (Daugava)">Mezha</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lake_Peipus" title="Lake Peipus">Lake Peipus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Velikaya" title="Velikaya">Velikaya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kukhva" title="Kukhva">Kukhva</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lake_Ladoga" title="Lake Ladoga">Lake Ladoga</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Svir" title="Svir">Svir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pasha_(river)" title="Pasha (river)">Pasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyat" title="Oyat">Oyat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syas" title="Syas">Syas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkhov_(river)" title="Volkhov (river)">Volkhov</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tigoda" title="Tigoda">Tigoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishera_(Novgorod_Oblast)" title="Vishera (Novgorod Oblast)">Vishera</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vuoksi" title="Vuoksi">Vuoksi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volchya" title="Volchya">Volchya</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lake_Ilmen" title="Lake Ilmen">Lake Ilmen</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lovat_(river)" title="Lovat (river)">Lovat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polist" title="Polist">Polist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunya_(river)" title="Kunya (river)">Kunya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Msta" title="Msta">Msta</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berezayka" title="Berezayka">Berezayka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peretna" title="Peretna">Peretna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uver" title="Uver">Uver</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pola_(river)" title="Pola (river)">Pola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelon" title="Shelon">Shelon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lake_Onega" title="Lake Onega">Lake Onega</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andoma" title="Andoma">Andoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suna_(river)" title="Suna (river)">Suna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vodla" title="Vodla">Vodla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vytegra_(river)" title="Vytegra (river)">Vytegra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dnieper" title="Dnieper">Dnieper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Desna_(river)" title="Desna (river)">Desna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyazma_(river)" title="Vyazma (river)">Vyazma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_(river)" title="Don (river)">Don</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temernik" title="Temernik">Temernik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manych" title="Manych">Manych</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sal_(Russia)" title="Sal (Russia)">Sal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donets" title="Donets">Donets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khopyor" title="Khopyor">Khopyor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osered" title="Osered">Osered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bityug" title="Bityug">Bityug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voronezh_(river)" title="Voronezh (river)">Voronezh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuban_(river)" title="Kuban (river)">Kuban</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bolshaya_Laba" title="Bolshaya Laba">Bolshaya Laba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mius" title="Mius">Mius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mzymta" title="Mzymta">Mzymta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeya" title="Yeya">Yeya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kuma_(Russia)" title="Kuma (Russia)">Kuma</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Podkumok" title="Podkumok">Podkumok</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulak_(river)" title="Sulak (river)">Sulak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andi_Koysu" title="Andi Koysu">Andi Koysu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terek_(river)" title="Terek (river)">Terek</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malka_(river)" title="Malka (river)">Malka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunzha_(river)" title="Sunzha (river)">Sunzha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_(river)" title="Ural (river)">Ural</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ilek_(river)" title="Ilek (river)">Ilek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakmara_(river)" title="Sakmara (river)">Sakmara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volga" title="Volga">Volga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aktay" title="Aktay">Aktay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anish_(river)" title="Anish (river)">Anish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolshaya_Kokshaga" title="Bolshaya Kokshaga">Bolshaya Kokshaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolshoy_Cheremshan" title="Bolshoy Cheremshan">Bolshoy Cheremshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolshoy_Irgiz" title="Bolshoy Irgiz">Bolshoy Irgiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezdna_(Tatarstan)" title="Bezdna (Tatarstan)">Bezdna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapayevka_(river)" title="Chapayevka (river)">Chapayevka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubna_(Volga)" title="Dubna (Volga)">Dubna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilet" title="Ilet">Ilet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kama_(river)" title="Kama (river)">Kama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashinka" title="Kashinka">Kashinka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazanka_(river)" title="Kazanka (river)">Kazanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerzhenets" title="Kerzhenets">Kerzhenets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostroma_(river)" title="Kostroma (river)">Kostroma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotorosl" title="Kotorosl">Kotorosl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kudma" title="Kudma">Kudma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaya_Kokshaga" title="Malaya Kokshaga">Malaya Kokshaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maly_Irgiz" title="Maly Irgiz">Maly Irgiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medveditsa_(Volga)" title="Medveditsa (Volga)">Medveditsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mologa_(river)" title="Mologa (river)">Mologa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerl_(Volga)" title="Nerl (Volga)">Nerl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyomda" title="Nyomda">Nyomda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oka_(river)" title="Oka (river)">Oka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutka_(river)" title="Rutka (river)">Rutka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samara_(Volga)" title="Samara (Volga)">Samara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selizharovka" title="Selizharovka">Selizharovka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheksna" title="Sheksna">Sheksna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shosha_(river)" title="Shosha (river)">Shosha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sogozha" title="Sogozha">Sogozha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sok_(river)" title="Sok (river)">Sok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suda_(river)" title="Suda (river)">Suda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sura_(river)" title="Sura (river)">Sura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sviyaga" title="Sviyaga">Sviyaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tereshka" title="Tereshka">Tereshka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsivil" title="Tsivil">Tsivil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tvertsa" title="Tvertsa">Tvertsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unzha" title="Unzha">Unzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzola" title="Uzola">Uzola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vetluga_(river)" title="Vetluga (river)">Vetluga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vazuza" title="Vazuza">Vazuza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeruslan" title="Yeruslan">Yeruslan</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</a>, east of the Urals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alazeya" title="Alazeya">Alazeya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buor-Yuryakh" title="Buor-Yuryakh">Buor-Yuryakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rassokha" title="Rassokha">Rassokha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amguema_(river)" title="Amguema (river)">Amguema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabar_(river)" title="Anabar (river)">Anabar</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bolshaya_Kuonamka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bolshaya Kuonamka (page does not exist)">Bolshaya Kuonamka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaya_Kuonamka" title="Malaya Kuonamka">Malaya Kuonamka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suolama" title="Suolama">Suolama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udya" title="Udya">Udya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogdashkina" title="Bogdashkina">Bogdashkina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaun" title="Chaun">Chaun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chegitun" title="Chegitun">Chegitun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chondon" title="Chondon">Chondon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buor-Yuryakh_(Chondon)" title="Buor-Yuryakh (Chondon)">Buor-Yuryakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuchcha" title="Nuchcha">Nuchcha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gusinaya_(river)" title="Gusinaya (river)">Gusinaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigirka" title="Indigirka">Indigirka</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allaikha" title="Allaikha">Allaikha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badyarikha" title="Badyarikha">Badyarikha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolshaya_Ercha" title="Bolshaya Ercha">Bolshaya Ercha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byoryolyokh" title="Byoryolyokh">Byoryolyokh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chibagalakh" title="Chibagalakh">Chibagalakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Druzhina_(river)" title="Druzhina (river)">Druzhina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elgi" title="Elgi">Elgi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khastakh" title="Khastakh">Khastakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuydusun_(river)" title="Kuydusun (river)">Kuydusun</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kyuyente&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyuyente (page does not exist)">Kyuyente</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moma_(river)" title="Moma (river)">Moma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nera_(Indigirka)" title="Nera (Indigirka)">Nera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selennyakh_(river)" title="Selennyakh (river)">Selennyakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shandrin" title="Shandrin">Shandrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangina" title="Shangina">Shangina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyandina" title="Uyandina">Uyandina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioniveyem" title="Ioniveyem">Ioniveyem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khatanga_(river)" title="Khatanga (river)">Khatanga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kheta_(river)" title="Kheta (river)">Kheta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotuy" title="Kotuy">Kotuy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khroma" title="Khroma">Khroma</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uryung-Ulakh" title="Uryung-Ulakh">Uryung-Ulakh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolyma_(river)" title="Kolyma (river)">Kolyma</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anyuy_(Kolyma)" title="Anyuy (Kolyma)">Anyuy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayan-Yuryakh" title="Ayan-Yuryakh">Ayan-Yuryakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakhapcha" title="Bakhapcha">Bakhapcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balygychan" title="Balygychan">Balygychan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beryozovka_(Kolyma)" title="Beryozovka (Kolyma)">Beryozovka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buyunda" title="Buyunda">Buyunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debin_(river)" title="Debin (river)">Debin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korkodon" title="Korkodon">Korkodon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulu_(river)" title="Kulu (river)">Kulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omolon" title="Omolon">Omolon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popovka_(Kolyma)" title="Popovka (Kolyma)">Popovka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozhogina" title="Ozhogina">Ozhogina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sededema" title="Sededema">Sededema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seymchan_(Kolyma)" title="Seymchan (Kolyma)">Seymchan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugoy" title="Sugoy">Sugoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taskan" title="Taskan">Taskan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenka_(river)" title="Tenka (river)">Tenka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasachnaya" title="Yasachnaya">Yasachnaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zyryanka_(river)" title="Zyryanka (river)">Zyryanka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyuyol-Yuryakh" title="Kyuyol-Yuryakh">Kyuyol-Yuryakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lena_(river)" title="Lena (river)">Lena</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aldan_(river)" title="Aldan (river)">Aldan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batamay_(river)" title="Batamay (river)">Batamay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Begidyan" title="Begidyan">Begidyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belyanka_(river)" title="Belyanka (river)">Belyanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biryuk_(river)" title="Biryuk (river)">Biryuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolshoy_Patom" title="Bolshoy Patom">Bolshoy Patom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buotama" title="Buotama">Buotama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byosyuke" title="Byosyuke">Byosyuke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaya_(river)" title="Chaya (river)">Chaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechuy" title="Chechuy">Chechuy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherendey_(river)" title="Cherendey (river)">Cherendey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuya_(Lena)" title="Chuya (Lena)">Chuya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derba" title="Derba">Derba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzhardzhan_(Lena)" title="Dzhardzhan (Lena)">Dzhardzhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyanyshka" title="Dyanyshka">Dyanyshka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eyekit" title="Eyekit">Eyekit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichera" title="Ichera">Ichera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilga_(river)" title="Ilga (river)">Ilga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanchaly" title="Khanchaly">Khanchaly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khoruongka" title="Khoruongka">Khoruongka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenkeme" title="Kenkeme">Kenkeme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirenga" title="Kirenga">Kirenga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuta_(river)" title="Kuta (river)">Kuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyuelenke" title="Kyuelenke">Kyuelenke</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kyundyudey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyundyudey (page does not exist)">Kyundyudey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linde_(Lena)" title="Linde (Lena)">Linde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lungkha" title="Lungkha">Lungkha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyapiske" title="Lyapiske">Lyapiske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyutenge" title="Lyutenge">Lyutenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markha_(Lena)" title="Markha (Lena)">Markha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markhachan" title="Markhachan">Markhachan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menda_(river)" title="Menda (river)">Menda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menkere" title="Menkere">Menkere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molodo_(river)" title="Molodo (river)">Molodo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorchuna" title="Motorchuna">Motorchuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muna_(Lena)" title="Muna (Lena)">Muna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myla_(river)" title="Myla (river)">Myla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namana" title="Namana">Namana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natara" title="Natara">Natara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuora_(Lena)" title="Nuora (Lena)">Nuora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyuya_(river)" title="Nyuya (river)">Nyuya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olyokma" title="Olyokma">Olyokma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peleduy_(river)" title="Peleduy (river)">Peleduy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilyuda" title="Pilyuda">Pilyuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinyaya_(Lena)" title="Sinyaya (Lena)">Sinyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitte_(river)" title="Sitte (river)">Sitte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobolokh-Mayan" title="Sobolokh-Mayan">Sobolokh-Mayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suola_(river)" title="Suola (river)">Suola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamma_(river)" title="Tamma (river)">Tamma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayura" title="Tayura">Tayura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tikyan" title="Tikyan">Tikyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuolba" title="Tuolba">Tuolba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutura" title="Tutura">Tutura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tympylykan" title="Tympylykan">Tympylykan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyugyuene" title="Tyugyuene">Tyugyuene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uel-Siktyakh" title="Uel-Siktyakh">Uel-Siktyakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undyulyung" title="Undyulyung">Undyulyung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ura_(Lena)" title="Ura (Lena)">Ura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilyuy" title="Vilyuy">Vilyuy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitim_(river)" title="Vitim (river)">Vitim</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadym_(river)" title="Nadym (river)">Nadym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ob_(river)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ob (river)">Ob</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aley_(river)" title="Aley (river)">Aley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnaulka" title="Barnaulka">Barnaulka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biya_(river)" title="Biya (river)">Biya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaya_(Ob)" title="Chaya (Ob)">Chaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chulym_(Ob)" title="Chulym (Ob)">Chulym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irtysh" title="Irtysh">Irtysh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazym" title="Kazym">Kazym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasmala_(river)" title="Kasmala (river)">Kasmala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katun_(river)" title="Katun (river)">Katun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ket_(river)" title="Ket (river)">Ket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kievsky_Yogan" title="Kievsky Yogan">Kievsky Yogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parabel_(river)" title="Parabel (river)">Parabel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sob_(river)" title="Sob (river)">Sob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synya" title="Synya">Synya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_(river)" title="Tom (river)">Tom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tromyogan" title="Tromyogan">Tromyogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tym_(Ob)" title="Tym (Ob)">Tym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasyugan" title="Vasyugan">Vasyugan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vakh" title="Vakh">Vakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatinsky_Yogan" title="Vatinsky Yogan">Vatinsky Yogan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olenyok_(river)" title="Olenyok (river)">Olenyok</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alakit" title="Alakit">Alakit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arga-Sala" title="Arga-Sala">Arga-Sala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beyenchime" title="Beyenchime">Beyenchime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birekte" title="Birekte">Birekte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buolkalakh" title="Buolkalakh">Buolkalakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bur_(river)" title="Bur (river)">Bur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khorbusuonka" title="Khorbusuonka">Khorbusuonka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelimyar" title="Kelimyar">Kelimyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuoyka" title="Kuoyka">Kuoyka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyuyutingde" title="Kyuyutingde">Kyuyutingde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merchimden" title="Merchimden">Merchimden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siligir" title="Siligir">Siligir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukukit" title="Ukukit">Ukukit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omoloy" title="Omoloy">Omoloy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arga-Yuryakh" title="Arga-Yuryakh">Arga-Yuryakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuranakh-Yuryakh" title="Kuranakh-Yuryakh">Kuranakh-Yuryakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulakhan-Kyuegyulyur" title="Ulakhan-Kyuegyulyur">Ulakhan-Kyuegyulyur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palyavaam" title="Palyavaam">Palyavaam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegtymel" title="Pegtymel">Pegtymel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pur_(Russia)" title="Pur (Russia)">Pur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyasina" title="Pyasina">Pyasina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sellyakh" title="Sellyakh">Sellyakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundrun" title="Sundrun">Sundrun</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maly_Khomus-Yuryakh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maly Khomus-Yuryakh (page does not exist)">Maly Khomus-Yuryakh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taz_(river)" title="Taz (river)">Taz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khudosey" title="Khudosey">Khudosey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolka_(Taz)" title="Tolka (Taz)">Tolka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uele_(Yakutia)" title="Uele (Yakutia)">Uele</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volchya_(river)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Volchya (river) (page does not exist)">Volchya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yana_(river)" title="Yana (river)">Yana</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abyrabyt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abyrabyt (page does not exist)">Abyrabyt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adycha" title="Adycha">Adycha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baky" title="Baky">Baky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bytantay" title="Bytantay">Bytantay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dulgalakh" title="Dulgalakh">Dulgalakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldzho" title="Oldzho">Oldzho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sartang_(river)" title="Sartang (river)">Sartang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tykakh" title="Tykakh">Tykakh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yenisey" title="Yenisey">Yenisey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abakan_(river)" title="Abakan (river)">Abakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angara" title="Angara">Angara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakhta_(river)" title="Bakhta (river)">Bakhta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bazaikha" title="Bazaikha">Bazaikha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolshaya_Kheta" title="Bolshaya Kheta">Bolshaya Kheta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolshoy_Pit" title="Bolshoy Pit">Bolshoy Pit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kacha_(river)" title="Kacha (river)">Kacha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kan_(river)" title="Kan (river)">Kan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kem_(Yenisey)" title="Kem (Yenisey)">Kem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khantayka" title="Khantayka">Khantayka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khemchik" title="Khemchik">Khemchik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kureyka" title="Kureyka">Kureyka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mana_(river)" title="Mana (river)">Mana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizhnyaya_Tunguska" title="Nizhnyaya Tunguska">Nizhnyaya Tunguska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Podkamennaya_Tunguska" title="Podkamennaya Tunguska">Podkamennaya Tunguska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sym_(river)" title="Sym (river)">Sym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanama_(river)" title="Tanama (river)">Tanama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turukhan" title="Turukhan">Turukhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeloguy" title="Yeloguy">Yeloguy</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Okhotsk" title="Sea of Okhotsk">Sea of Okhotsk</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amur" title="Amur">Amur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazar_(river)" title="Amazar (river)">Amazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amgun" title="Amgun">Amgun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anyuy_(Amur)" title="Anyuy (Amur)">Anyuy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argun_(Amur)" title="Argun (Amur)">Argun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureya_(river)" title="Bureya (river)">Bureya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorin_(river)" title="Gorin (river)">Gorin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gur_(river)" title="Gur (river)">Gur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shilka_(river)" title="Shilka (river)">Shilka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ussuri" title="Ussuri">Ussuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeya_(river)" title="Zeya (river)">Zeya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anadyr_(river)" title="Anadyr (river)">Anadyr</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belaya_(Chukotka)" title="Belaya (Chukotka)">Belaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayn" title="Mayn">Mayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanyurer" title="Tanyurer">Tanyurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yablon_(river)" title="Yablon (river)">Yablon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeropol" title="Yeropol">Yeropol</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arman_(river)" title="Arman (river)">Arman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avacha_(river)" title="Avacha (river)">Avacha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khasyn" title="Khasyn">Khasyn</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolshaya_(river)" title="Bolshaya (river)">Bolshaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gizhiga_(river)" title="Gizhiga (river)">Gizhiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inya_(Sea_of_Okhotsk)" title="Inya (Sea of Okhotsk)">Inya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamchatka_(river)" title="Kamchatka (river)">Kamchatka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khatyrka_(river)" title="Khatyrka (river)">Khatyrka</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iomrautvaam" title="Iomrautvaam">Iomrautvaam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kikhchik_(river)" title="Kikhchik (river)">Kikhchik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kukhtuy" title="Kukhtuy">Kukhtuy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okhota" title="Okhota">Okhota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ola_(river)" title="Ola (river)">Ola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paren_(river)" title="Paren (river)">Paren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penzhina" title="Penzhina">Penzhina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belaya_(Penzhina)" title="Belaya (Penzhina)">Belaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklan" title="Oklan">Oklan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taui" title="Taui">Taui</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chyolomdzha" title="Chyolomdzha">Chyolomdzha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumen_River" title="Tumen River">Tumen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uda_(Khabarovsk_Krai)" title="Uda (Khabarovsk Krai)">Uda</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maya_(Uda)" title="Maya (Uda)">Maya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukelayat" title="Ukelayat">Ukelayat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulbeya" title="Ulbeya">Ulbeya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urak" title="Urak">Urak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velikaya_(Chukotka)" title="Velikaya (Chukotka)">Velikaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yama_(river)" title="Yama (river)">Yama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yana_(Sea_of_Okhotsk)" title="Yana (Sea of Okhotsk)">Yana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/48px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/64px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Russia" title="Portal:Russia">Russia portal</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Russia" title="Category:Russia">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hydrofoil_boat_lines_of_St._Petersburg" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hydrofoil_boats_lines_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="Template:Hydrofoil boats lines of Saint Petersburg"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hydrofoil_boats_lines_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="Template talk:Hydrofoil boats lines of Saint Petersburg"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hydrofoil_boats_lines_of_Saint_Petersburg" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hydrofoil boats lines of Saint Petersburg"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hydrofoil_boat_lines_of_St._Petersburg" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hydrofoil" title="Hydrofoil">Hydrofoil</a> boat lines of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">St. Petersburg</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Winter_Palace" title="Winter Palace">Winter palace</a> – <a href="/wiki/Petergof" title="Petergof">Petergof</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winter_Palace" title="Winter Palace">Winter Palace</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Neva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Neva" title="Little Neva">Little Neva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neva_Bay" title="Neva Bay">Neva Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterhof_landing_stage" title="Peterhof landing stage">Peterhof</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MeteorHydrofoil.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="in Petergof"><img alt="in Petergof" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/MeteorHydrofoil.jpg/100px-MeteorHydrofoil.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/MeteorHydrofoil.jpg/150px-MeteorHydrofoil.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/MeteorHydrofoil.jpg/200px-MeteorHydrofoil.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="310" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Winter_Palace" title="Winter Palace">Winter palace</a> – <a href="/wiki/Marine_Facade" title="Marine Facade">Sea Facade</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winter_Palace" title="Winter Palace">Winter Palace</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Neva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Neva" title="Great Neva">Great Neva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passenger_Port_of_St._Petersburg" title="Passenger Port of St. Petersburg">Passenger port</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Marine_Facade" title="Marine Facade">Sea Facade</a> – <a href="/wiki/Petergof" title="Petergof">Petergof</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Passenger_Port_of_St._Petersburg" title="Passenger Port of St. Petersburg">Passenger port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neva_Bay" title="Neva Bay">Neva Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterhof_landing_stage" title="Peterhof landing stage">Peterhof</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Type of ships: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteor,_motor_ship&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteor, motor ship (page does not exist)">Meteor</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/237015439">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4669196-0">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Něva (Rusko : řeka)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge632003&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a 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