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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Joshua 10:2 So Adoni-zedek and his people were greatly alarmed, because Gibeon was a great city, like one of the royal cities; it was larger than Ai, and all its men were mighty.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/joshua/10-2.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/1/06_Jos_10_02.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Joshua 10:2 - The Day the Sun Stood Still" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="So Adoni-zedek and his people were greatly alarmed, because Gibeon was a great city, like one of the royal cities; it was larger than Ai, and all its men were mighty." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/joshua/10-2.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/joshua/10-2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/joshua/">Joshua</a> > <a href="/joshua/10.htm">Chapter 10</a> > Verse 2</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad2.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/joshua/10-1.htm" title="Joshua 10:1">◄</a> Joshua 10:2 <a href="/joshua/10-3.htm" title="Joshua 10:3">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#audio" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Audio Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Cross </a> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Study Bible"> Study </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Heb </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv">Verse<a href="/bsb/joshua/10.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><a href="/niv/joshua/10.htm">New International Version</a> He and his people were very much alarmed at this, because Gibeon was an important city, like one of the royal cities; it was larger than Ai, and all its men were good fighters. <a href="/nlt/joshua/10.htm">New Living Translation</a> He and his people became very afraid when they heard all this because Gibeon was a large town—as large as the royal cities and larger than Ai. And the Gibeonite men were strong warriors. <a href="/esv/joshua/10.htm">English Standard Version</a> he feared greatly, because Gibeon was a great city, like one of the royal cities, and because it was greater than Ai, and all its men were warriors. <a href="/bsb/joshua/10.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> So Adoni-zedek and his people were greatly alarmed, because Gibeon was a great city, like one of the royal cities; it was larger than Ai, and all its men were mighty. <a href="/kjv/joshua/10.htm">King James Bible</a> That they feared greatly, because Gibeon was a great city, as one of the royal cities, and because it was greater than Ai, and all the men thereof were mighty. <a href="/nkjv/joshua/10.htm">New King James Version</a> that they feared greatly, because Gibeon was a great city, like one of the royal cities, and because it was greater than Ai, and all its men were mighty. <a href="/nasb_/joshua/10.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> that he feared greatly because Gibeon was a great city, like one of the royal cities, and because it was greater than Ai, and all its men were mighty. <a href="/nasb/joshua/10.htm">NASB 1995</a> that he feared greatly, because Gibeon was a great city, like one of the royal cities, and because it was greater than Ai, and all its men were mighty. <a href="/nasb77/joshua/10.htm">NASB 1977 </a> that he feared greatly, because Gibeon was a great city, like one of the royal cities, and because it was greater than Ai, and all its men were mighty. <a href="/lsb/joshua/10.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> they feared exceedingly because Gibeon was a great city, like one of the royal cities, and because it was greater than Ai, and all its men were mighty. <a href="/amp/joshua/10.htm">Amplified Bible</a> he [and his people] feared greatly, because Gibeon was a great city, like one of the royal cities, and because it was greater than Ai, and all its men were mighty. <a href="/csb/joshua/10.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> So Adoni-zedek and his people were greatly alarmed because Gibeon was a large city like one of the royal cities; it was larger than Ai, and all its men were warriors. <a href="/hcsb/joshua/10.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> So Adoni-zedek and his people were greatly alarmed because Gibeon was a large city like one of the royal cities; it was larger than Ai, and all its men were warriors. <a href="/asv/joshua/10.htm">American Standard Version</a> that they feared greatly, because Gibeon was a great city, as one of the royal cities, and because it was greater than Ai, and all the men thereof were mighty. <a href="/cev/joshua/10.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> This frightened Adonizedek and his people. They knew that Gibeon was a large town, as big as the towns that had kings, and even bigger than the town of Ai had been. And all of the men of Gibeon were warriors. <a href="/erv/joshua/10.htm">English Revised Version</a> that they feared greatly, because Gibeon was a great city, as one of the royal cities, and because it was greater than Ai, and all the men thereof were mighty. <a href="/gwt/joshua/10.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> He and his people were terribly afraid because Gibeon was a large city. It was like one of the royal cities, larger than Ai. All its men were warriors. <a href="/gnt/joshua/10.htm">Good News Translation</a> The people of Jerusalem were greatly alarmed at this because Gibeon was as large as any of the cities that had a king; it was larger than Ai, and its men were good fighters. <a href="/isv/joshua/10.htm">International Standard Version</a> So they were terrified, since Gibeon was a large city, comparable to one of the royal cities, was larger than Ai, and all of its men had been warriors. <a href="/msb/joshua/10.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> So Adoni-zedek and his people were greatly alarmed, because Gibeon was a great city, like one of the royal cities; it was larger than Ai, and all its men were mighty. <a href="/net/joshua/10.htm">NET Bible</a> All Jerusalem was terrified because Gibeon was a large city, like one of the royal cities. It was larger than Ai and all its men were warriors. <a href="/nheb/joshua/10.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> that they were very afraid, because Gibeon was a great city, as one of the royal cities, and because it was greater than Ai, and all its men were mighty. <a href="/wbt/joshua/10.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> That they feared greatly, because Gibeon was a great city, as one of the royal cities, and because it was greater than Ai, and all the men of it were mighty. <a href="/web/joshua/10.htm">World English Bible</a> they were very afraid, because Gibeon was a great city, as one of the royal cities, and because it was greater than Ai, and all its men were mighty. <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/joshua/10.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> that they are greatly afraid, because Gibeon [is] a great city, as one of the royal cities, and because it [is] greater than Ai, and all its men [are] heroes. <a href="/ylt/joshua/10.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> that they are greatly afraid, because Gibeon is a great city, as one of the royal cities, and because it is greater than Ai, and all its men -- heroes. <a href="/slt/joshua/10.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> And they will fear greatly, for a great city was Gibeon, as one of the cities of the kingdom, and that it was great above Ai, and all her men mighty.<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/joshua/10.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> He was exceedingly afraid. For Gabaon was a great city, and one of the royal cities, and greater than the town of Hai, and all its fighting men were most valiant. <a href="/cpdv/joshua/10.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> he was very afraid. For Gibeon was a great city, and was one of the royal cities, and was greater than the town of Ai, and all its warriors were very strong. <a href="/nabre/joshua/10.htm">New American Bible</a> there was great fear abroad, because Gibeon was a great city, like one of the royal cities, greater even than Ai, and all its men were warriors. <a href="/nrsvce/joshua/10.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> he became greatly frightened, because Gibeon was a large city, like one of the royal cities, and was larger than Ai, and all its men were warriors.<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/joshua/10.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> He feared greatly, because Gibeon was a large city, like one of the royal cities, and it was larger than Ai, and all its men were mighty. <a href="/hpbt/joshua/10.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> They were very afraid because the city Gebuun was great as one of the cities of the kingdom and was greater than Ai, and all its men were mighty men<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/joshua/10.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> that they feared greatly, because Gibeon was a great city, as one of the royal cities, and because it was greater than Ai, and all the men thereof were mighty. <a href="/sep/joshua/10.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> then they were greatly terrified by them, for the king knew that Gabaon was a great city, as one of the chief cities, and all its men were mighty. <a href="/parallel/joshua/10-2.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/p91zXIGB0Rk?start=2392" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/joshua/10.htm">The Day the Sun Stood Still</a> 1Now Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem heard that Joshua had captured Ai and devoted it to destruction—doing to Ai and its king as he had done to Jericho and its king—and that the people of Gibeon had made peace with Israel and were living near them. 2<a href="/hebrew/3966.htm" title="3966: mə·’ōḏ (Adv) -- Muchness, force, abundance. From the same as 'uwd; properly, vehemence, i.e. vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc.">So Adoni-zedek and his people were greatly</a> <a href="/hebrew/3372.htm" title="3372: way·yî·rə·’ū (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp) -- To fear, to revere, caus, to frighten. A primitive root; to fear; morally, to revere; caus. To frighten.">alarmed,</a> <a href="/hebrew/3588.htm" title="3588: kî (Conj) -- That, for, when. ">because</a> <a href="/hebrew/1391.htm" title="1391: giḇ·‘ō·wn (N-proper-fs) -- A Levitical city in Benjamin. From the same as Geba'; hilly; Gibon, a place in Palestine.">Gibeon</a> <a href="/hebrew/1419.htm" title="1419: gə·ḏō·w·lāh (Adj-fs) -- Great. Or gadol; from gadal; great; hence, older; also insolent.">was a great</a> <a href="/hebrew/5892.htm" title="5892: ‘îr (N-fs) -- Excitement. Or par; or ayar; from uwr a city in the widest sense.">city,</a> <a href="/hebrew/259.htm" title="259: kə·’a·ḥaṯ (Prep-k:: Number-fsc) -- One. A numeral from 'achad; properly, united, i.e. One; or first.">like one</a> <a href="/hebrew/4467.htm" title="4467: ham·mam·lā·ḵāh (Art:: N-fs) -- Kingdom, sovereignty, dominion, reign. From malak; dominion, i.e. the estate or the country.">of the royal</a> <a href="/hebrew/3588.htm" title="3588: wə·ḵî (Conj) -- That, for, when. "></a> <a href="/hebrew/5892.htm" title="5892: ‘ā·rê (N-fpc) -- Excitement. Or par; or ayar; from uwr a city in the widest sense.">cities;</a> <a href="/hebrew/1931.htm" title="1931: hî (Pro-3fs) -- He, she, it. ">it</a> <a href="/hebrew/1419.htm" title="1419: ḡə·ḏō·w·lāh (Adj-fs) -- Great. Or gadol; from gadal; great; hence, older; also insolent.">was larger</a> <a href="/hebrew/4480.htm" title="4480: min- (Prep) -- From. Or minniy; or minney; for men; properly, a part of; hence, from or out of in many senses.">than</a> <a href="/hebrew/5857.htm" title="5857: hā·‘ay (Art:: N-proper-fs) -- A Canaanite city. Or uaya((Neh. 11:31); or eayath (Isaiah 10:28); for iy; Ai, Aja or Ajath, a place in Palestine.">Ai,</a> <a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: wə·ḵāl (Conj-w:: N-msc) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every.">and all</a> <a href="/hebrew/582.htm" title="582: ’ă·nā·še·hā (N-mpc:: 3fs) -- Man, mankind. From 'anash; properly, a mortal; hence, a man in general.">its men</a> <a href="/hebrew/1368.htm" title="1368: gib·bō·rîm (Adj-mp) -- Strong, mighty. Or gibbor; intensive from the same as geber; powerful; by implication, warrior, tyrant.">were mighty.</a> 3Therefore Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent word to Hoham king of Hebron, Piram king of Jarmuth, Japhia king of Lachish, and Debir king of Eglon, saying,…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/joshua/9-1.htm">Joshua 9:1-2</a> Now when news of this reached all the kings west of the Jordan—those in the hill country, the foothills, and all along the coast of the Great Sea toward Lebanon (the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites)— / they came together to wage war against Joshua and Israel. <a href="/joshua/11-1.htm">Joshua 11:1-5</a> Now when Jabin king of Hazor heard about these things, he sent word to Jobab king of Madon; to the kings of Shimron and Achshaph; / to the kings of the north in the mountains, in the Arabah south of Chinnereth, in the foothills, and in Naphoth-dor to the west; / to the Canaanites in the east and west; to the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, and Jebusites in the hill country; and to the Hivites at the foot of Hermon in the land of Mizpah. ... <a href="/judges/1-7.htm">Judges 1:7</a> Then Adoni-bezek said, “Seventy kings with their thumbs and big toes cut off have gathered the scraps under my table. As I have done to them, so God has repaid me.” And they brought him to Jerusalem, where he died. <a href="/2_samuel/10-6.htm">2 Samuel 10:6</a> When the Ammonites realized that they had become a stench to David, they hired twenty thousand Aramean foot soldiers from Beth-rehob and Zoba, as well as a thousand men from the king of Maacah and twelve thousand men from Tob. <a href="/1_kings/20-1.htm">1 Kings 20:1</a> Now Ben-hadad king of Aram assembled his entire army. Accompanied by thirty-two kings with their horses and chariots, he marched up, besieged Samaria, and waged war against it. <a href="/2_kings/3-9.htm">2 Kings 3:9</a> So the king of Israel, the king of Judah, and the king of Edom set out, and after they had traveled a roundabout route for seven days, they had no water for their army or for their animals. <a href="/psalms/2-1.htm">Psalm 2:1-2</a> Why do the nations rage and the peoples plot in vain? / The kings of the earth take their stand and the rulers gather together, against the LORD and against His Anointed One: <a href="/isaiah/8-9.htm">Isaiah 8:9-10</a> Huddle together, O peoples, and be shattered; pay attention, all you distant lands; prepare for battle, and be shattered; prepare for battle, and be shattered! / Devise a plan, but it will be thwarted; state a proposal, but it will not happen. For God is with us.” <a href="/isaiah/41-5.htm">Isaiah 41:5-6</a> The islands see and fear; the ends of the earth tremble. They approach and come forward. / Each one helps the other and says to his brother, “Be strong!” <a href="/jeremiah/50-9.htm">Jeremiah 50:9</a> For behold, I stir up and bring against Babylon an assembly of great nations from the land of the north. They will line up against her; from the north she will be captured. Their arrows will be like skilled warriors who do not return empty-handed. <a href="/ezekiel/38-7.htm">Ezekiel 38:7-9</a> Get ready; prepare yourself, you and all your company gathered around you; you will be their guard. / After a long time you will be summoned. In the latter years you will enter a land that has recovered from war, whose people were gathered from many nations to the mountains of Israel, which had long been desolate. They had been brought out from the nations, and all now dwell securely. / You and all your troops, and many peoples with you will go up, advancing like a thunderstorm; you will be like a cloud covering the land. <a href="/matthew/2-3.htm">Matthew 2:3</a> When King Herod heard this, he was disturbed, and all Jerusalem with him. <a href="/matthew/26-3.htm">Matthew 26:3-4</a> At that time the chief priests and elders of the people assembled in the courtyard of the high priest, whose name was Caiaphas, / and they conspired to arrest Jesus covertly and kill Him. <a href="/luke/22-2.htm">Luke 22:2</a> and the chief priests and scribes were looking for a way to put Jesus to death, for they feared the people. <a href="/john/11-47.htm">John 11:47-53</a> Then the chief priests and Pharisees convened the Sanhedrin and said, “What are we to do? This man is performing many signs. / If we let Him go on like this, everyone will believe in Him, and then the Romans will come and take away both our place and our nation.” / But one of them, named Caiaphas, who was high priest that year, said to them, “You know nothing at all! ...</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>That they feared greatly, because Gibeon was a great city, as one of the royal cities, and because it was greater than Ai, and all the men thereof were mighty.they feared<a href="/joshua/2-9.htm">Joshua 2:9-13,24</a> And she said unto the men, I know that the LORD hath given you the land, and that your terror is fallen upon us, and that all the inhabitants of the land faint because of you… <a href="/exodus/15-14.htm">Exodus 15:14-16</a> The people shall hear, and be afraid: sorrow shall take hold on the inhabitants of Palestina… <a href="/deuteronomy/11-25.htm">Deuteronomy 11:25</a> There shall no man be able to stand before you: for the LORD your God shall lay the fear of you and the dread of you upon all the land that ye shall tread upon, as he hath said unto you.<a href="/joshua/10-40.htm">Joshua 10:40</a> So Joshua smote all the country of the hills, and of the south, and of the vale, and of the springs, and all their kings: he left none remaining, but utterly destroyed all that breathed, as the LORD God of Israel commanded.<a href="/1_samuel/27-5.htm">1 Samuel 27:5</a> And David said unto Achish, If I have now found grace in thine eyes, let them give me a place in some town in the country, that I may dwell there: for why should thy servant dwell in the royal city with thee?<a href="/2_samuel/12-26.htm">2 Samuel 12:26</a> And Joab fought against Rabbah of the children of Ammon, and took the royal city.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/joshua/9-24.htm">Afraid</a> <a href="/joshua/10-1.htm">Ai</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/20-3.htm">Alarmed</a> <a href="/joshua/9-17.htm">Cities</a> <a href="/joshua/8-29.htm">City</a> <a href="/genesis/6-4.htm">Heroes</a> <a href="/exodus/18-22.htm">Important</a> <a href="/numbers/21-22.htm">King's</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/20-1.htm">Larger</a> <a href="/joshua/8-3.htm">Mighty</a> <a href="/genesis/49-20.htm">Royal</a> <a href="/joshua/8-2.htm">Thereof</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/31-12.htm">Towns</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/joshua/10-8.htm">Afraid</a> <a href="/joshua/12-9.htm">Ai</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/20-3.htm">Alarmed</a> <a href="/joshua/10-19.htm">Cities</a> <a href="/joshua/10-30.htm">City</a> <a href="/isaiah/5-22.htm">Heroes</a> <a href="/1_kings/3-4.htm">Important</a> <a href="/judges/3-21.htm">King's</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/24-4.htm">Larger</a> <a href="/joshua/10-7.htm">Mighty</a> <a href="/joshua/13-31.htm">Royal</a> <a href="/joshua/10-28.htm">Thereof</a> <a href="/joshua/10-19.htm">Towns</a><div class="vheading2">Joshua 10</div>1. <a href="/joshua/10-1.htm">Five kings war against Gibeon</a> 6. <a href="/joshua/10-6.htm">Joshua rescues it</a> 10. <a href="/joshua/10-10.htm">God fights against them with hailstones</a> 12. <a href="/joshua/10-12.htm">The sun and moon stand still at the word of Joshua</a> 16. <a href="/joshua/10-16.htm">The five kings are murdered in a cave</a> 22. <a href="/joshua/10-22.htm">They are brought forth</a> 24. <a href="/joshua/10-24.htm">scornfully used</a> 26. <a href="/joshua/10-26.htm">and hanged</a> 28. <a href="/joshua/10-28.htm">Seven kings more are conquered</a> 43. <a href="/joshua/10-43.htm">Joshua returns to Gilgal</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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His name means "Lord of Righteousness," which is ironic given his opposition to God's people. The alarm among Adoni-zedek and his people reflects the fear that spread among the Canaanite kings as they realized the power of Israel's God, especially after the miraculous victories at Jericho and Ai. This fear is reminiscent of Rahab's words in <a href="/joshua/2-9.htm">Joshua 2:9-11</a>, where she acknowledges the terror that had fallen on the inhabitants of the land.because Gibeon was a great city, like one of the royal cities Gibeon was strategically significant, both in size and location. It was considered a royal city, indicating its importance and influence in the region. The comparison to royal cities suggests that Gibeon had a level of autonomy and power, possibly with its own king or ruling council. This status made its alliance with Israel particularly alarming to the surrounding Canaanite kings, as it shifted the balance of power in the region.it was larger than Ai The mention of Ai provides a point of reference for the reader, as Ai was a city that had already been conquered by Israel. The fact that Gibeon was larger than Ai emphasizes the significance of its alliance with Israel. This comparison highlights the strategic advantage gained by Israel through this alliance, as Gibeon's size and resources would have bolstered Israel's position in the land.and all its men were mighty The description of Gibeon's men as mighty indicates that they were known for their strength and military prowess. This further underscores the threat perceived by Adoni-zedek and the other Canaanite kings. The might of Gibeon's warriors would have been a valuable asset to Israel, making their alliance even more formidable. This phrase also foreshadows the eventual integration of Gibeon into Israel, as seen in <a href="/joshua/9.htm">Joshua 9</a>, where the Gibeonites become servants to the Israelites, contributing their strength to Israel's cause.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/a/adoni-zedek.htm">Adoni-Zedek</a> The king of Jerusalem who was alarmed by the alliance between Gibeon and Israel. 2. <a href="/topical/g/gibeon.htm">Gibeon</a> A significant city, described as important and mighty, which made a peace treaty with Israel. 3. <a href="/topical/a/ai.htm">Ai</a> A city previously conquered by Israel, used as a comparison to highlight Gibeon's importance. 4. <a href="/topical/i/israelites.htm">Israelites</a> The people of God, led by Joshua, who had entered into a covenant with Gibeon. 5. <a href="/topical/m/mighty_men_of_gibeon.htm">Mighty Men of Gibeon</a> The warriors of Gibeon, noted for their strength and valor.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_alliances.htm">The Importance of Alliances</a> Alliances can bring both protection and challenges. The Gibeonites' alliance with Israel brought them protection but also made them a target. <a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_in_battles.htm">God's Sovereignty in Battles</a> Just as God was with Israel in their battles, He is with us in our spiritual battles today. Trust in His sovereignty and guidance. <a href="/topical/t/the_power_of_reputation.htm">The Power of Reputation</a> Gibeon's reputation as a mighty city influenced the actions of surrounding nations. Our reputation as Christians should reflect Christ and influence others positively. <a href="/topical/f/fear_and_faith.htm">Fear and Faith</a> The fear of Adoni-Zedek contrasts with the faith of the Israelites. In times of fear, we should turn to God and trust in His promises. <a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_leadership.htm">The Role of Leadership</a> Joshua's leadership was crucial in navigating the challenges posed by the Gibeonite treaty. Effective leadership is vital in both spiritual and practical matters.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_joshua_10.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Joshua 10</a> <a href="/q/what's_in_the_book_of_jasher.htm">What is the content of the Book of Jasher?</a> <a href="/q/what_does_seeking_god's_face_mean.htm">What events are chronicled in the Wars of the Lord?</a> <a href="/q/does_prophecy_have_dual_fulfillment.htm">What is Gibeon's significance in the Bible?</a> <a href="/q/did_joshua_capture_jerusalem.htm">Did Joshua and the Israelites capture Jerusalem? Yes (Joshua 10:23, 40) No (Joshua 15:63)</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/joshua/10.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(2) As one of the royal cities.--One of the cities of the kingdom. Gibeon was afterwards the city of the first king of Israel, Saul (<a href="/context/1_chronicles/8-29.htm" title="And at Gibeon dwelled the father of Gibeon; whose wife's name was Maachah:">1Chronicles 8:29-30</a>; <a href="/1_chronicles/8-33.htm" title="And Ner begat Kish, and Kish begat Saul, and Saul begat Jonathan, and Malchishua, and Abinadab, and Eshbaal.">1Chronicles 8:33</a>).<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/joshua/10.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 2. - That they feared greatly. Joshua had certainly obtained an excellent strategic position in the heart of the country; but it was not this which apparently most alarmed the kings who constituted the confederacy, though they did not fail to observe that, as the words "and were among them" show. It was the weight and importance of Gibeon itself, and the fact that its inhabitants were now enlisted, not on the side of the Canaanites, but against them. As one of the royal cities. Observe the minute accuracy of the historian. No king is mentioned in the narrative in ch. 9. We now earn indirectly that they had none. The Vulgate misses the point of the historian by leaving out "as" altogether. <a href="/commentaries/joshua/10-2.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>So [Adoni-zedek and his people] were greatly מְאֹ֔ד (mə·’ōḏ) Adverb <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3966.htm">Strong's 3966: </a> Vehemence, vehemently, wholly, speedily alarmed, וַיִּֽירְא֣וּ (way·yî·rə·’ū) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3372.htm">Strong's 3372: </a> To fear, to revere, caus, to frighten because כִּ֣י (kî) Conjunction <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> A relative conjunction Gibeon גִּבְע֔וֹן (giḇ·‘ō·wn) Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1391.htm">Strong's 1391: </a> Gibeon -- a Levitical city in Benjamin [was] a great גְּדוֹלָה֙ (gə·ḏō·w·lāh) Adjective - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1419.htm">Strong's 1419: </a> Great, older, insolent city, עִ֤יר (‘îr) Noun - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5892.htm">Strong's 5892: </a> Excitement like one כְּאַחַ֖ת (kə·’a·ḥaṯ) Preposition-k | Number - feminine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_259.htm">Strong's 259: </a> United, one, first of the royal הַמַּמְלָכָ֑ה (ham·mam·lā·ḵāh) Article | Noun - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4467.htm">Strong's 4467: </a> Kingdom, sovereignty, dominion, reign cities; עָרֵ֣י (‘ā·rê) Noun - feminine plural construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5892.htm">Strong's 5892: </a> Excitement it הִ֤יא (hî) Pronoun - third person feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1931.htm">Strong's 1931: </a> He, self, the same, this, that, as, are was larger גְדוֹלָה֙ (ḡə·ḏō·w·lāh) Adjective - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1419.htm">Strong's 1419: </a> Great, older, insolent than מִן־ (min-) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4480.htm">Strong's 4480: </a> A part of, from, out of Ai, הָעַ֔י (hā·‘ay) Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5857.htm">Strong's 5857: </a> Ai -- a Canaanite city and all וְכָל־ (wə·ḵāl) Conjunctive waw | Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3605.htm">Strong's 3605: </a> The whole, all, any, every its men אֲנָשֶׁ֖יהָ (’ă·nā·še·hā) Noun - masculine plural construct | third person feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_376.htm">Strong's 376: </a> A man as an individual, a male person were warriors. גִּבֹּרִֽים׃ (gib·bō·rîm) Adjective - masculine plural <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1368.htm">Strong's 1368: </a> Powerful, warrior, tyrant <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/joshua/10-2.htm">Joshua 10:2 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/joshua/10-2.htm">Joshua 10:2 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/joshua/10-2.htm">Joshua 10:2 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/joshua/10-2.htm">Joshua 10:2 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/joshua/10-2.htm">Joshua 10:2 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/joshua/10-2.htm">Joshua 10:2 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/joshua/10-2.htm">Joshua 10:2 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/joshua/10-2.htm">Joshua 10:2 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/joshua/10-2.htm">Joshua 10:2 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/joshua/10-2.htm">Joshua 10:2 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/joshua/10-2.htm">OT History: Joshua 10:2 That they were very afraid because Gibeon (Josh. Jos)</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/joshua/10-1.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Joshua 10:1"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Joshua 10:1" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/joshua/10-3.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Joshua 10:3"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Joshua 10:3" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>