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class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 2010s </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_cases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_cases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Notable cases </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_cases-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Notable cases subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_cases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Guinness_share-trading_fraud" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guinness_share-trading_fraud"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Guinness share-trading fraud </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guinness_share-trading_fraud-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-BAE_Systems_weapons_sales_to_Saudi_Arabia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#BAE_Systems_weapons_sales_to_Saudi_Arabia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 BAE Systems weapons sales to Saudi Arabia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-BAE_Systems_weapons_sales_to_Saudi_Arabia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-BAE_Systems_radar_sale_to_Tanzania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#BAE_Systems_radar_sale_to_Tanzania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 BAE Systems radar sale to Tanzania </div> </a> <ul id="toc-BAE_Systems_radar_sale_to_Tanzania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Barclays_emergency_fundraising" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Barclays_emergency_fundraising"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Barclays emergency fundraising </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Barclays_emergency_fundraising-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Abbas_Gokal_&_the_BCCI" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abbas_Gokal_&_the_BCCI"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Abbas Gokal & the BCCI </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abbas_Gokal_&_the_BCCI-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mykola_Zlochevsky" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mykola_Zlochevsky"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 Mykola Zlochevsky </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mykola_Zlochevsky-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organisation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organisation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Organisation </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organisation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Activities_and_responsibilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Activities_and_responsibilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Activities and responsibilities </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Activities_and_responsibilities-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Activities and responsibilities subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Activities_and_responsibilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fraud" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fraud"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Fraud </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fraud-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bribery_and_corruption" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bribery_and_corruption"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Bribery and corruption </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bribery_and_corruption-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Self-reporting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Self-reporting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Self-reporting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Self-reporting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Overseas_assistance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overseas_assistance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Overseas assistance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overseas_assistance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Victim_support" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Victim_support"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 Victim support </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Victim_support-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_Investigations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_Investigations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Recent Investigations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_Investigations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ongoing_Challenges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ongoing_Challenges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Ongoing Challenges </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ongoing_Challenges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Criticism </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Criticism subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Conflicts_between_SFO_and_private_interests" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conflicts_between_SFO_and_private_interests"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Conflicts between SFO and private interests </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conflicts_between_SFO_and_private_interests-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav 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data-title="Serious Fraud Office (Vereinigtes Königreich)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serious_Fraud_Office_(Reino_Unido)" title="Serious Fraud Office (Reino Unido) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Serious Fraud Office (Reino Unido)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serious_Fraud_Office" title="Serious Fraud Office – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Serious Fraud Office" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EB%8C%80%EB%B9%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%88%98%EC%82%AC%EC%B2%AD" title="중대비리수사청 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="중대비리수사청" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serious_Fraud_Office_(Regno_Unito)" title="Serious Fraud Office (Regno Unito) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Serious Fraud Office (Regno Unito)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%94%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94_(%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94)" title="משרד ההונאה החמורה (בריטניה) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="משרד ההונאה החמורה 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Department of Government of United Kingdom that investigates and prosecutes complex fraud</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Law enforcement agency</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Serious Fraud Office</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Serious_Fraud_Office_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1e/Serious_Fraud_Office_logo.svg/140px-Serious_Fraud_Office_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1e/Serious_Fraud_Office_logo.svg/210px-Serious_Fraud_Office_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1e/Serious_Fraud_Office_logo.svg/280px-Serious_Fraud_Office_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="204" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Agency overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">1987; 38 years ago (1987)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employees</th><td class="infobox-data">607 <a href="/wiki/Full-time_equivalent" title="Full-time equivalent">FTE</a> (2023/24)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annual budget</th><td class="infobox-data">£36.35m (2011–12)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Jurisdictional structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legal jurisdiction</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/England_and_Wales" title="England and Wales">England and Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Operational structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data">2–4 <a href="/wiki/Cockspur_Street" title="Cockspur Street">Cockspur Street</a> <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> SW1Y 5BS<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elected officer responsible</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Hermer,_Baron_Hermer" title="Richard Hermer, Baron Hermer">Richard Hermer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_for_England_and_Wales" title="Attorney General for England and Wales">Attorney General for England and Wales</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Agency executive</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Nick_Ephgrave" title="Nick Ephgrave">Nick Ephgrave</a>, Director</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfo.gov.uk/">www.sfo.gov.uk</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813958#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table> The Serious Fraud Office (SFO) is a <a href="/wiki/Non-ministerial_government_department" title="Non-ministerial government department">non-ministerial government department</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Government of the United Kingdom">Government of the United Kingdom</a> that investigates and prosecutes serious or complex <a href="/wiki/Fraud" title="Fraud">fraud</a> and <a href="/wiki/Corruption" title="Corruption">corruption</a> in <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>. The SFO is accountable to the <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_for_England_and_Wales" title="Attorney General for England and Wales">Attorney General for England and Wales</a>, and was established by the Criminal Justice Act 1987,<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> an <a href="/wiki/Act_of_the_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom">Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom</a>. Section 2 of the Criminal Justice Act 1987 grants the SFO powers to require any person (or business/bank) to provide any relevant documents (including confidential ones) and answer any relevant questions including ones about confidential matters. The SFO is the principal enforcer of the <a href="/wiki/Bribery_Act_2010" title="Bribery Act 2010">Bribery Act 2010</a>, which has been designed to encourage good corporate governance and enhance the reputation of the <a href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">City of London</a> and the UK as a safe place to do business. Its jurisdiction does not extend to <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, where fraud and corruption are investigated by <a href="/wiki/Police_Scotland" title="Police Scotland">Police Scotland</a> through their Specialist Crime Division, and prosecutions are undertaken by the Economic Crime Unit of the <a href="/wiki/Crown_Office_and_Procurator_Fiscal_Service" title="Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service">Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation_of_the_unit">Formation of the unit</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Formation of the unit">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Criminal_Justice_Act_1987" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Criminal Justice Act 1987">Criminal Justice Act 1987</a></div></div></div> </div> During the 1970s and early 1980s a series of financial scandals in the City of London destroyed the public's trust in the way serious or complex frauds were handled. In response to this the Government established the Fraud Trials Committee in 1983. This independent committee, under the chairmanship of Lord Roskill, considered how changes to the law and criminal proceedings could lead to more effective ways of fighting fraud. The committee report, commonly known as the Roskill Report<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> was published in 1986. Its main recommendation was to set up a new, unified organisation responsible for detecting, investigating and prosecuting serious fraud cases.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> As a result, the Serious Fraud Office (SFO) and its unique powers were created by the Criminal Justice Act 1987, "an Act to make further provision for the investigation of and trials for fraud; and for connected purposes".<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> It opened for business in April 1988.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> The SFO also enforces the <a href="/wiki/Bribery_Act_2010" title="Bribery Act 2010">Bribery Act 2010</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_directors">List of directors</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: List of directors">edit</a>]</div> <ol><li>John Wood CB (1988–1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mills" title="Barbara Mills">Dame Barbara Mills QC</a> (1990–1992)</li> <li>George Staple CB QC (1992–1997)</li> <li>Rosalind Wright CB QC (1997–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wardle" title="Robert Wardle">Robert Wardle</a> (2003–2008)</li> <li>Richard Alderman (2008–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Green_(Director_of_the_SFO)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Green (Director of the SFO)">Sir David Green CB QC</a> (2012–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Osofsky" title="Lisa Osofsky">Lisa Osofsky</a> (2018–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Ephgrave" title="Nick Ephgrave">Nick Ephgrave QPM</a> (2023–present)</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Al-Yamamah_investigation">Al-Yamamah investigation</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Al-Yamamah investigation">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Al-Yamamah_arms_deal" title="Al-Yamamah arms deal">Al-Yamamah arms deal</a> during the 1980s was a large scale aircraft and weapons deal between the UK and <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>. It was extended throughout the 1990s and saw thousands of British citizens living and working in Saudi Arabia representing £40 billion worth of business. BAE Systems Plc was the primary contractor.<a href="#cite_note-Q&A:_The_BAE-Saudi_allegations-9">[9]</a> In 2004 the SFO began to investigate the contracts within the al-Yamamah deal on the grounds of suspected false accounting, but the investigation was controversially dropped in 2006.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> The decision was made following concerns about national security<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> amidst reports that the Saudi Government would stop sharing counterterrorist information with the UK if the investigation continued.<a href="#cite_note-Q&A:_The_BAE-Saudi_allegations-9">[9]</a> This drew criticism from number of sources, not least from the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> A <a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_England_and_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="High Court of England and Wales">High Court</a> review in 2008 ruled that the SFO had acted unlawfully by dropping the corruption investigation<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> but this was later overturned on appeal by the SFO to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a>.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comparison_to_New_York">Comparison to New York</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Comparison to New York">edit</a>]</div> In 2008, an official internal "Review of the Serious Fraud Office", which was conducted by a former senior New York City prosecutor, compared the SFO unfavourably with two of its counterparts in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>: the offices of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York">United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York</a> and the <a href="/wiki/New_York_County_District_Attorney" title="New York County District Attorney">New York County District Attorney</a>. It found that the American prosecutors obtained higher conviction rates in a shorter amount of time with fewer resources.<a href="#cite_note-degrazia-16">[16]</a> It also found that the SFO had significantly lower conviction rates than elite divisions of the British <a href="/wiki/Crown_Prosecution_Service" title="Crown Prosecution Service">Crown Prosecution Service</a>.<a href="#cite_note-degrazia-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> It attributed the SFO's relatively poor performance to, among other things, failure to keep all court advocacy "in-house", failure to assign each case a single lawyer who managed it "from cradle to grave", failure to interview witnesses at an early stage, and failure to co-operate closely with the police.<a href="#cite_note-degrazia-16">[16]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010s">2010s</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2010s">edit</a>]</div> While <a href="/wiki/Home_Secretary" title="Home Secretary">Home Secretary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a> expressed that she wanted the <a href="/wiki/National_Crime_Agency" title="National Crime Agency">National Crime Agency</a> (NCA) to absorb the SFO. While the SFO is supervised by the <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General%27s_Office_(United_Kingdom)" title="Attorney General's Office (United Kingdom)">Attorney General's Office</a>, the NCA is overseen by the <a href="/wiki/Home_Office" title="Home Office">Home Office</a>. From around 2005 to 2017, the SFO underwent a series of budget cuts. On 18 May 2017, the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Tories</a> released a <a href="/wiki/Manifesto" title="Manifesto">manifesto</a> pledging to dismantle the Serious Fraud Office and roll it into the NCA if they won the general elections in June 2017. The manifesto claimed that the incorporation would "strengthen Britain's response to white collar crime by... improving intelligence sharing and bolstering the investigation of serious fraud, money laundering and financial crime."<a href="#cite_note-ft-manifesto-18">[18]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_cases">Notable cases</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notable cases">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Guinness_share-trading_fraud">Guinness share-trading fraud</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Guinness share-trading fraud">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Guinness_share-trading_fraud" title="Guinness share-trading fraud">Guinness share-trading fraud</a></div> In 1986 there were rumours that the <a href="/wiki/Guinness_Brewery" title="Guinness Brewery">Guinness Brewery</a> takeover of the <a href="/wiki/Distillers_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Distillers Company">Distillers Company</a> was tainted by an unlawful share support operation which involved Guinness offering secret indemnities (from its own funds) against losses to people 'supporting' the bid which resulted in a dramatic rise in the price of Guinness shares. Having examined the bid, the SFO opened an investigation which led to the conviction in 1990 of the then chief executive of Guinness and three other defendants.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="BAE_Systems_weapons_sales_to_Saudi_Arabia">BAE Systems weapons sales to Saudi Arabia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: BAE Systems weapons sales to Saudi Arabia">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Al-Yamamah_arms_deal" title="Al-Yamamah arms deal">Al-Yamamah arms deal</a></div> Al Yamamah is the name of a series of a record arms sales by the United Kingdom to Saudi Arabia. In 2006, an investigation by the British Serious Fraud Office into the deal was discontinued after political pressure from the Saudi and British governments.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="BAE_Systems_radar_sale_to_Tanzania">BAE Systems radar sale to Tanzania</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: BAE Systems radar sale to Tanzania">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems#Corruption_investigations" title="BAE Systems">BAE Systems § Corruption investigations</a></div> In 1999 <a href="/wiki/BAE_Systems" title="BAE Systems">British Aerospace Defence Systems Ltd</a> agreed a contract with the Government of <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> for the supply of a radar defence system. A local businessman in Tanzania was recruited to advise BAE on its negotiations with the Government on the radar contract. Between January 2000 and December 2005 around <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">$</a>12.4 million was paid to the local businessman's two companies. BAE has accepted that there was a high probability that part of this sum would be used to favour it in the contract negotiations with the Tanzanian Government. The payments were not subject to proper and adequate scrutiny or review and BAE Systems Plc was subsequently fined £500,000 after admitting that it had failed to keep adequate accounting records of the defence contract with the Government of Tanzania. This outcome followed a settlement by BAE, as part of a global agreement reached in 2010 with the Serious Fraud Office and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">US Department of Justice</a>, concerning contracts in a number of countries. The settlement with the SFO relates to the Tanzanian contract. The terms of the settlement include an agreement by BAE to pay an <a href="/wiki/Ex-gratia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ex-gratia">ex-gratia</a> sum (£30 million less any fine imposed by the Crown Court) for the benefit of the people of Tanzania. BAE was also ordered to pay <a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">£</a>225,000 costs to the SFO.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Barclays_emergency_fundraising">Barclays emergency fundraising</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Barclays emergency fundraising">edit</a>]</div> In June 2017, <a href="/wiki/John_Varley_(banker)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Varley (banker)">John Varley</a>, Roger Jenkins, Tom Kalaris and Richard Boath were charged with offences regarding <a href="/wiki/Barclays" title="Barclays">Barclays</a>'s raising of £11.8 billion in emergency funds. The fraud was alleged to have taken place around the <a href="/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%932008" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial crisis of 2007–2008">financial crisis of 2007–2008</a>.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abbas_Gokal_&_the_BCCI">Abbas Gokal & the BCCI</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Abbas Gokal & the BCCI">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Abbas_Gokal" title="Abbas Gokal">Abbas Gokal</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Credit_and_Commerce_International" title="Bank of Credit and Commerce International">BCCI Bank</a> was a <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a>-registered bank that collapsed in 1992. It was discovered by the bank's auditors, that the bank was running on loss for many years. It was reported that the bank was involved in drug-trafficking, money-laundering and phony loans.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> The key player in the collapse was <a href="/wiki/Pakistani" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistani">Pakistani</a> shipping magnate <a href="/wiki/Abbas_Gokal" title="Abbas Gokal">Abbas Gokal</a>. It was discovered that <a href="/wiki/Abbas_Gokal" title="Abbas Gokal">Gokal's</a> company, Gulf Shipping Lines, had received a US$1.2 billion unsecured loan from the bank. When the bank collapsed and the scandal emerged, <a href="/wiki/Abbas_Gokal" title="Abbas Gokal">Gokal</a> escaped to <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, but since the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> had no extradition treaty, he could not be extradited to the UK to stand trial. However, when <a href="/wiki/Abbas_Gokal" title="Abbas Gokal">Gokal</a> was making a trip to America in 1994, his plane stopped for re-fueling in <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>. There, <a href="/wiki/Federal_Police_(Germany)" title="Federal Police (Germany)">German police</a> arrested him and extradited him to the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>. He was handed a 14-year sentence as a result of the SFO prosecution, the longest sentence handed out in a British court for fraud.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mykola_Zlochevsky">Mykola Zlochevsky</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Mykola Zlochevsky">edit</a>]</div> In April 2014, the SFO launched a money laundering investigation against <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_oligarch" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian oligarch">Ukrainian oligarch</a> <a href="/wiki/Mykola_Zlochevsky" title="Mykola Zlochevsky">Mykola Zlochevsky</a>. Accounts of <a href="/wiki/Burisma_Holdings" class="mw-redirect" title="Burisma Holdings">Burisma Holdings</a> and its parent Brociti Investments, controlled by Zlochevsky, were frozen at the London branch of <a href="/wiki/BNP_Paribas" title="BNP Paribas">BNP Paribas</a>. That money US$23 million was transferred as a result of complex transactions by a company controlled by a Ukrainian businessman <a href="/wiki/Serhiy_Kurchenko" title="Serhiy Kurchenko">Serhiy Kurchenko</a>, a subject of the <a href="/wiki/International_sanctions_during_the_Ukrainian_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="International sanctions during the Ukrainian crisis">European Union restrictive measures</a>.<a href="#cite_note-justsecurity-26">[26]</a> When the <a href="/wiki/Prosecutor_General_of_Ukraine" title="Prosecutor General of Ukraine">Ukrainian prosecutor general's office</a> failed to provide documents needed for the investigation, a British court in January 2015 dropped the case and ordered the assets be unfrozen.<a href="#cite_note-nyt081215-27">[27]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organisation">Organisation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Organisation">edit</a>]</div> As one of the Law Officers' Departments, the SFO reports to the <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_for_England_and_Wales" title="Attorney General for England and Wales">Attorney General for England and Wales</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ft-manifesto-18">[18]</a> The SFO is unique in that its role is to both investigate and prosecute. Its case teams are therefore made up of <a href="/wiki/Detective" title="Detective">investigators</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lawyers" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawyers">lawyers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Law_clerks" class="mw-redirect" title="Law clerks">law clerks</a> and forensic accountants.<a href="#cite_note-The_SFO's_performance-28">[28]</a> The SFO employs around 500 people. The cost of running the SFO in the financial year 2010–11 was 64p for each member of the British public.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> Over 80 per cent of staff are specialist caseworkers. When deciding what action to take, lawyers in the SFO must bear in mind the Prosecutors Code.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> The SFO is not a police force and its own investigators are not constables. Although the SFO does have certain investigatory powers, it does not have the powers of arrest or police powers in relation to search. Therefore, if these powers are necessary for an investigation the SFO will request support from the police or NCA as necessary.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Activities_and_responsibilities">Activities and responsibilities</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Activities and responsibilities">edit</a>]</div> The SFO is a specialist organisation that investigates only the most serious types of economic crime. As a result, a potential case must meet certain criteria before it is taken on. In deciding, the Director will take into account all the circumstances of the case and consider: <ul><li>cases which undermine British commercial/financial PLC in general and the City of London in particular;</li> <li>cases where the actual or potential loss involved are high;</li> <li>cases where actual or potential harm is significant;</li> <li>cases where there is a very significant public interest element; and</li> <li>new species of fraud</li></ul> The Serious Fraud Office's jurisdiction does not extend to <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> where fraud and corruption are investigated by <a href="/wiki/Police_Scotland" title="Police Scotland">Police Scotland</a> through their Specialist Crime Division, and prosecutions are undertaken by the Economic Crime Unit of the <a href="/wiki/Crown_Office_and_Procurator_Fiscal_Service" title="Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service">Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service</a>.<a href="#cite_note-fraudfacts_17-32">[32]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fraud">Fraud</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Fraud">edit</a>]</div> The SFO investigates and prosecutes <a href="/wiki/Fraud" title="Fraud">fraud</a>. The SFO prosecutes different <a href="/wiki/Types_of_fraud" class="mw-redirect" title="Types of fraud">types of fraud</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Investment_fraud" class="mw-redirect" title="Investment fraud">investment fraud</a>. Among the types of investment fraud prosecuted are <a href="/wiki/Boiler_room_(business)" title="Boiler room (business)">boiler room</a> fraud (<a href="/wiki/Share_scam" class="mw-redirect" title="Share scam">share scams</a>), which is an operation, usually run from abroad, where scammers typically cold-call people and use hard-sell tactics to sell shares that prove worthless, are inflated in price, or don't exist.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> The SFO cites Vintage Wines of St Albans as an example of a successful boiler room fraud prosecution.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> The SFO also prosecutes the investment schemes called <a href="/wiki/Ponzi_scheme" title="Ponzi scheme">'Ponzi'</a> or <a href="/wiki/Pyramid_scheme" title="Pyramid scheme">pyramid schemes</a>, which typically involves an investment offer which promises to provide an abnormally higher rate of return. In a Ponzi scheme, a single operator benefits, while in a pyramid scheme, many investors benefit from recruiting other investors.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> The SFO has cited the KF Concept case as an example of one of its successful ponzi scheme prosecutions, where a banker was jailed for 10 years for running an unauthorized investment business and defrauding investors of amounts over £17 million.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> The Serious Fraud Office (SFO) in the UK has received an additional £9.3 million from the government to enhance its capabilities in addressing complex fraud and corruption. This funding aims to improve the agency's resources and operational efficiency, particularly in light of concerns regarding its effectiveness in handling high-profile cases that have resulted in failed prosecutions. Critics have raised issues about delays and inefficiencies in the SFO's investigations, which can impede successful outcomes. The increase in funding is intended to help the SFO respond more effectively to serious <a href="/wiki/Financial_crime" title="Financial crime">financial crimes</a>. There are ongoing discussions about the need for more substantial long-term support to ensure that the SFO can adequately fulfill its mandate and tackle the rising threats posed by financial crime and corruption in the UK.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> The SFO also prosecutes multiple types of <a href="/wiki/Corporate_fraud" class="mw-redirect" title="Corporate fraud">corporate fraud</a>. The SFO website as of 2013 outlined several types of fraud it classified as corporate, including <a href="/wiki/Asset_stripping" title="Asset stripping">asset stripping</a>, which involved company directors taking company funds or assets of value while leaving behind the debts.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Other types of prosecuted corporate fraud include <a href="/wiki/Fraudulent_trading" title="Fraudulent trading">fraudulent trading</a>, where a company carries on a business for any fraudulent purposes.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> An example of a successful SFO prosecution for fraudulent trading is the <a href="/w/index.php?title=InterGB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="InterGB (page does not exist)">InterGB</a> group, the collective name for a number of companies that, between 1996 and 2000, extracted more than £85 million from three financial institutions by submitting false invoices. The chairman of the group was jailed for seven years.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Also prosecuted is 'share ramping', also known as '<a href="/wiki/Pump_and_dump" title="Pump and dump">pump and dump</a>' or 'book ramping', is where criminals influence the share price of a company and then take advantage of the price fluctuations.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Publishing_false_information&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Publishing false information (page does not exist)">Publishing false information</a> is also prosecuted as corporate crime. According to the SFO, this is usually done to mislead investors and creditors and to keep a failing company trading.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bribery_and_corruption">Bribery and corruption</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Bribery and corruption">edit</a>]</div> According to the SFO, corruption is where the integrity of a person, Government, or company is manipulated and compromised for personal gain. SFO classifies and prosecutes two main types of corruption. It defines <a href="/wiki/Political_corruption" title="Political corruption">political corruption</a> as the dysfunction of a political system or institution in which government officials, political officials or employees look for illegitimate personal gain through actions such as bribery, extortion, cronyism, patronage and embezzlement. It defines <a href="/wiki/Corporate_corruption" class="mw-redirect" title="Corporate corruption">corporate corruption</a> as where, for example, bribes are offered to agencies, institutions or individuals in order to win a contract.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] It brought up <a href="/wiki/Innospec" title="Innospec">Innospec</a> Limited, manufacturers of a fuel additive, as an example of a successful prosecution for corporate corruption.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Self-reporting">Self-reporting</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Self-reporting">edit</a>]</div> The SFO encourages self-reporting of fraud.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Azizur Rahman, senior partner at law firm Rahman Ravelli has provided further guidance on internal investigations of alleged bribery and the potential <a href="/wiki/Leniency" class="mw-redirect" title="Leniency">leniency</a> benefits of self-reporting, although he notes that the SFO will still investigate: they will not simply take a company's self-report "at face value".<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overseas_assistance">Overseas assistance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Overseas assistance">edit</a>]</div> The SFO has a dedicated International Assistance team which regularly assists law enforcement agencies worldwide with their investigations.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> In 2010–11 the SFO assisted over 30 different jurisdictions.<a href="#cite_note-The_SFO's_performance-28">[28]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Victim_support">Victim support</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Victim support">edit</a>]</div> According to the SFO, victims are at the core of its strategy. They include any person, organisation, or Government both in the UK and abroad, which has suffered direct financial loss from the most serious and complex fraud, or corruption.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> The SFO tries to get justice for victims by recovering as much recompense as possible for victims. In April 2011, £64 million of funds were, or were due to be returned to victims.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> The average jail sentence handed out in SFO cases was 56 months in 2010-11.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> For example, in 2011 three fraudsters running the online <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xclusive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xclusive (page does not exist)">Xclusive</a> ticket fraud (that failed to deliver tickets to the Beijing Olympics and various music festivals) each received prison sentences of up to eight years. The SFO started confiscation proceedings to recover money for victims.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recent_Investigations">Recent Investigations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Recent Investigations">edit</a>]</div> The SFO launched an investigation into the collapsed law firm Axiom Ince in 2023. This case involved allegations of £66 million in missing client money and resulted in significant action by the SFO. In January 2023, the agency conducted searches at three premises across England, leading to three arrests. The SFO continues to actively pursue assets from convicted fraudsters. In October 2024, the agency successfully recovered £295,000 from Virendra Rastogi's hidden pension funds. This recovery was part of an ongoing proceeds of crime investigation that has yielded nearly £6 million to date, including the sale of Rastogi's Marylebone home and seizure of valuable assets. In November 2024, the SFO received an additional £9.3 million in funding from the government. This investment aims to strengthen the agency's capacity to recover criminal assets, expand its use of technology for disclosure purposes, and improve its case management system. The SFO's work frequently involves cross-border investigations, highlighting the international nature of many financial crimes. The agency maintains cooperation with international partners, as evidenced by its collaboration with the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Federal_Police" title="Australian Federal Police">Australian Federal Police</a> in the Rio Tinto case. <a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> <a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> <a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> <a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> In December 2024, five former members of national firm Axiom Ince have been charged by the Serious Fraud Office with offences including fraud, forgery and the destruction of documents relating to the collapse of the firm and the alleged misuse of client money<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ongoing_Challenges">Ongoing Challenges</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Ongoing Challenges">edit</a>]</div> Despite these developments, the SFO continues to face challenges in handling high-profile cases. The agency has experienced setbacks, including the collapse of some prosecutions, which has led to scrutiny of its effectiveness in complex <a href="/wiki/Financial_crime" title="Financial crime">financial crime</a> cases. These recent activities and developments demonstrate the SFO's continued efforts to adapt and strengthen its capabilities in the fight against serious fraud and financial crime. <a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Criticism">edit</a>]</div> The SFO, which reports to the Attorney General's Office, has over time repeatedly faced attempts by politicians to roll it into a broader crime-fighting body.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> In December 2021 the Court of Appeal criticised the SFO with regards to their handling of the <a href="/wiki/Unaoil" title="Unaoil">Unaoil</a> case for ‘wholly inappropriate’ contacts with a ‘fixer’, for which the agency had already been criticised,<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> as well as "serious" disclosure failures<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> undermining a defendant's right to a fair trial.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> Three court of appeal judges overturned the conviction of a businessman because of the watchdog's misconduct.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> In July 2020, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Beddoe" title="Martin Beddoe">His Honour Judge Beddoe</a> had rebuked SFO director Lisa Osofsky over "flattering" texts from a US-based <a href="/wiki/Private_investigator" title="Private investigator">private investigator</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> who was seeking to secure more favourable sentences for his clients.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> The judge criticised Osofsky for making herself "vulnerable to "<a href="/wiki/Flattery" title="Flattery">flattery</a>" following inappropriate contact with private investigator David Tinsley<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> and said the SFO's contact with him should be "comprehensively reviewed to see what lessons can be learned from it".<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> The decision came months after the trial of two Serco executives charged with fraud collapsed because of SFO disclosure errors.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> In a written statement after his acquittal, Mr Marshall said.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> "It is clear to me that I was prosecuted, not as a result of a fair assessment of the evidence, but because I was collateral damage in the deal that was done by Serco with the SFO."<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> Judge said the SFO took the view that issues identified had "undermined the process of disclosure in this case to the extent that the trial cannot safely and fairly proceed".<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> The cases raised serious questions about the SFO's approach.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Justice_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Justice Committee">Justice Committee</a> launched a new inquiry to investigate the criminal justice system's approach to combatting fraud.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> The Committee examined the approach of the Serious Fraud Office to combatting economic crime and responding to the challenges of <a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit</a> and the pandemic.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a> It also examined what lessons have been learnt from recent high-profile cases, as well as addressing concerns over evidence disclosure, staff culture and victim support (in March and October 2022).<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> The office of the attorney general issued a statement saying <a href="/wiki/Suella_Braverman" title="Suella Braverman">Suella Braverman</a> was "deeply concerned about the findings in the judgment".<a href="#cite_note-The_Guardian-91">[91]</a> The attorney general then launched a "forensic and robust"<a href="#cite_note-The_Guardian-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> probe in to the failings<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> at the Britain's main anti-corruption agency. The Attorney General, <a href="/wiki/Suella_Braverman" title="Suella Braverman">Suella Braverman</a> stated:<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> "I announced this review on the day of the judgment as it was clear to me that swift action was needed. We must ensure lessons are learned so that the failings we saw in the Unaoil case can never happen again."<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> In February 2022, the SFO became subject to an inquiry by the UK Public Accounts Committee,<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> which monitors state spending, as the collapse of the so-called "Serco case" caused serious financial harm to the SFO budget.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> SFO director <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Osofsky" title="Lisa Osofsky">Lisa Osofsky</a> appeared before the committee to explain a £2.55m overspend in 2020/21, which was the result of the failed prosecution of two former directors of Serco.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> This led to public debate about possible future of SFO and its leadership. In June 2022 it was announced that the "forensic and robust review"<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> commissioned by the Attorney General which was conducted by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sir_David_Calvert-Smith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sir David Calvert-Smith (page does not exist)">Sir David Calvert-Smith</a> was delayed.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> On 21 July 2022 the review was published.<a href="#cite_note-gov.uk-104">[104]</a> Osofsky commented on the report as a: "sobering read".<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> The review was criticizing the conduct of SFO head: "It is clear that Osofsky was faced with a difficult situation very early in her tenure and made a number of mistakes and misjudgments which, with the benefit of hindsight, she now accepts."<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> Calvert-Smith said further that Osofsky "was not supposed to be personally involved in contact" with a fixer, who had no recognised legal role in the so-called Unaoil case. Calvert-Smith's review paints a picture of chaotic management of the Unaoil case and a "toxic" relationship<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-fnlondon.com-109">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-gov.uk-104">[104]</a> between staff and senior management within the SFO. A "damaging culture of distrust"<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-thetimes.co.uk-111">[111]</a> between the case team and senior managers<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a><a href="#cite_note-fnlondon.com-109">[109]</a><a href="#cite_note-gov.uk-104">[104]</a> developed, the review said. The review found some failings in the case involved "cultural issues within the SFO", such as noncompliant record keeping, "failure to comply with its disclosure obligations", "inadequate resourcing of the case", "DSFO using her personal mobile phone and failing to take contemporaneous notes of meetings and conversations" and a "lack of understanding of priorities between the case team and senior management", amplified by the impression that a U.S. fixer had the "seal of approval" from the director<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> and, caused in part by the suspension and unfair and wrongful dismissal of the Unaoil case controller, Tom Martin<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> was suspended in July 2018. In February 2021, the judge concluded that Tom Martin's complaints of unfair dismissal and breach of contract were "well founded".<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> In July 2022, SFO lost its appeal over unfair sacking of Martin.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> <a href="/wiki/Emily_Thornberry" title="Emily Thornberry">Emily Thornberry</a> MP, Labour's <a href="/wiki/Shadow_Attorney_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Shadow Attorney General">Shadow Attorney General</a>, stated on the report that it "lays bare a catalogue of woeful mismanagement and inexplicable misjudgements at the top of the SFO".<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> In direct reference to Osofsky Thornberry said the SFO's leadership had shown "gullibility and arrogance"<a href="#cite_note-thetimes.co.uk-111">[111]</a> in their dealings with a "fixer", she tweeted on 21 July.<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-122">[122]</a> She stated further "It is vital that the Attorney General not only commits to implement Sir David's recommendations in full, but asks herself whether the senior managers at the SFO whose failures are exposed in this report are really the individuals best placed to repair the damage.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> Earlier this year Thornberry tweeted: "The Unaoil debacle is not a one-off."<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-126">[126]</a> <a href="/wiki/Brian_Altman" title="Brian Altman">Brian Altman</a> KC was commissioned by the SFO to review the <a href="/wiki/Serco" title="Serco">Serco</a> case.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> He noted there had been "systemic problems of real concern" in relation to the SFO's disclosure in that case, including that the appointed officer's "inexperience should have disqualified him from appointment as disclosure officer on such a large and complex case".<a href="#cite_note-sfo.gov.uk-128">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-129">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> The Serious Fraud Office has not referred any lawyers to the Solicitors Regulation Authority over the collapse of a high-profile criminal trial, MPs heard in February 2022.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-126">[126]</a> The SFO must prevent third parties having "direct access" to the watchdog's director and ensure all prosecutions have an "effective disclosure strategy", Calvert-Smith's review into the calamitous Unaoil bribery case recommended – as a third man jailed after the investigation had his name cleared.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> These stinging defeats for the SFO have "left the entire Unaoil case on shaky ground".<a href="#cite_note-The_Unaoil_bribery_scandal-134">[134]</a> According to the Spotlight on corruption, <a href="/wiki/Serco" title="Serco">Serco</a> and <a href="/wiki/Unaoil" title="Unaoil">Unaoil</a> "botched disclosures raise concerns about whether there are more systemic problems in the SFO’s strategy and conduct of high-stakes cases."<a href="#cite_note-The_Unaoil_bribery_scandal-134">[134]</a> The blame for three quashed convictions in the Unaoil bribery case<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-129">[129]</a> and the midtrial collapse of another case against two <a href="/wiki/Serco" title="Serco">Serco</a> executives<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> is both institutional and individual. Both cases were sunk by the SFO's failure to properly disclose evidence to the defense. The reports found the SFO struggled to keep adequate records, failed to properly oversee case progression and failed to carry out disclosure checks, and that its key staff were too inexperienced to handle the process.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> Both Brian Altman's KC review<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-129">[129]</a> into the collapse of the R v Woods and Marshall trial and Sir David Calvert-Smith's review into the SFO's handling of the Unaoil investigation<a href="#cite_note-sfo.gov.uk-128">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> exposed the scale of the agency's problems and challenges. Susan Hawley, executive director at anti-corruption charity <a href="/wiki/Spotlight_on_Corruption" title="Spotlight on Corruption">Spotlight on Corruption</a>, said: "Both the Calvert-Smith and the Altman reviews point to similar and very serious underlying issues behind the SFO’s spate of collapsed trials."<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> The UK's Serious Fraud Office spent £16.2 million on its corruption investigation into the oil consultancy Unaoil, with nearly a third allocated to external <a href="/wiki/Legal_fees" class="mw-redirect" title="Legal fees">legal fees</a>. The investigation faced significant challenges, including the quashing of three bribery convictions due to non-disclosure of evidence and the collapse of a fourth trial<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conflicts_between_SFO_and_private_interests">Conflicts between SFO and private interests</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Conflicts between SFO and private interests">edit</a>]</div> In August 2022, <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Osofsky" title="Lisa Osofsky">Lisa Osofsky</a> stated that she was proud of a "revolving door" between the regulator and private firms as fears grew that movement of senior figures into private sector would transfer inside knowledge into companies, which were subject to investigations.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> Among the individuals criticized for moving from senior positions in the SFO to private law firms were Sir David Green, the SFO's former director, two of its former general counsels, four former heads or co-heads of its bribery and corruption divisions, two former heads of its fraud division and the former heads of its assurance and international assistance divisions. In November 2021, in her letter: "SFO’s revolving door works better than a closed shop" published by the Financial Times<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> Osofsky said that they "advocate for the interchange of personnel. It has always happened and long may it continue. It grows the collective capability of our organisation more than a closed shop ever could." She noted that they already use one, "much to our advantage. In short, we advocate for the interchange of personnel," and that "our relatively modest budget doesn’t prevent us from delivering". In March 2023, <a href="/wiki/Private_Eye" title="Private Eye">Private Eye</a> magazine, a UK-based widely recognized news and current affairs publication edited by <a href="/wiki/Ian_Hislop" title="Ian Hislop">Ian Hislop</a>, revealed that SFO chief Lisa Osofsky has been forced to disclose further information about her recusal from three separate investigations. Private Eye wrote that the SFO's 2021 annual report revealed that <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Osofsky" title="Lisa Osofsky">Lisa Osofsky</a> recused herself from three investigations; <a href="/wiki/Barclays" title="Barclays">Barclays</a> bank, Harlequin properties, and a third unnamed investigation. Media noted that none of Osofsky's predecessors had ever needed to recuse themselves from live investigations. After Private Eye sent a <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_Information" class="mw-redirect" title="Freedom of Information">Freedom of Information</a> request about the nature of the recusals and advice given to Osofsky, the SFO said that it would not disclose details about what Osofsky's links were to the investigations. Media highlighted the clear conflict of interest in Osofsky's decision to reject disclosure under the FOI request, and commented that the whole affair remains "unexplained and unsatisfactory". <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 33em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfo.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/SFO-Annual-Report-and-Accounts-2023-24-1.pdf">"ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 2023-24"</a> (PDF). Serious Fraud Office. Retrieved 28 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Serious+Fraud+Office&rft.atitle=ANNUAL+REPORT+AND+ACCOUNTS+2023-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfo.gov.uk%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F07%2FSFO-Annual-Report-and-Accounts-2023-24-1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfo.gov.uk/contact-us/">"Contact us"</a>. Serious Fraud Office. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191205205957/https://www.sfo.gov.uk/contact-us/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 December 2019. Retrieved 6 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Serious+Fraud+Office&rft.atitle=Contact+us&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfo.gov.uk%2Fcontact-us%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1987/38">"Criminal Justice Act 1987"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170403123816/http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1987/38">Archived</a> from the original on 3 April 2017. 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Sfo.gov.uk. 14 July 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfo.gov.uk/about-us/history--legislation/section-2--and-legislative-tools.aspx">the original</a> on 9 May 2013. Retrieved 8 August 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Section+2+and+legislative+tools&rft.pub=Sfo.gov.uk&rft.date=2008-07-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfo.gov.uk%2Fabout-us%2Fhistory--legislation%2Fsection-2--and-legislative-tools.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfo.gov.uk/publications/guidance-policy-and-protocols/bribery-act-guidance/">"Bribery Act guidance"</a>. 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Retrieved 11 September 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lords+Hansard+text+for+14+Dec+200614+Dec+2006+%28pt+0014%29&rft.pub=Parliament&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublications.parliament.uk%2Fpa%2Fld200607%2Fldhansrd%2Ftext%2F61214-0014.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfo.gov.uk/press-room/latest-press-releases/press-releases-2006/bae-systems-plcsaudi-arabia.aspx">BAE Systems Plc/Saudi Arabia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120402121249/http://www.sfo.gov.uk/press-room/latest-press-releases/press-releases-2006/bae-systems-plcsaudi-arabia.aspx">Archived</a> 2 April 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> SFO 14 December 2006 </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2007" class="citation web cs1">Evans, Rob (15 March 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/mar/15/freedomofinformation.saudiarabia">"OECD rebukes Britain for dropping Saudi arms deal bribery inquiry"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160313061034/http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/mar/15/freedomofinformation.saudiarabia">Archived</a> from the original on 13 March 2016. Retrieved 17 December 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=OECD+rebukes+Britain+for+dropping+Saudi+arms+deal+bribery+inquiry&rft.date=2007-03-15&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F2007%2Fmar%2F15%2Ffreedomofinformation.saudiarabia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7339231.stm">UK wrong to halt Saudi arms probe</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080415132726/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/7339231.stm">Archived</a> 15 April 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> SFO 10 April 2008 </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/fraud-office-wins-appeal-over-bae-saudi-arms-deal-880665.html">"Fraud office wins appeal over BAE Saudi arms deal"</a>. The Independent. 23 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Fraud+office+wins+appeal+over+BAE+Saudi+arms+deal&rft.date=2011-10-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fhome-news%2Ffraud-office-wins-appeal-over-bae-saudi-arms-deal-880665.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-degrazia-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-degrazia_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-degrazia_16-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-degrazia_16-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webarchive.org.uk/wayback/archive/20130423052401/http://www.sfo.gov.uk//press-room/press-release-archive/press-releases-2008/sfo-press-statement-re-review-of-the-serious-fraud-office-by-jessica-de-grazia.aspx">"SFO press statement re Review of the Serious Fraud Office by Jessica de Grazia"</a>. Serious Fraud Office. 10 June 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfo.gov.uk/press-room/press-release-archive/press-releases-2008/sfo-press-statement-re-review-of-the-serious-fraud-office-by-jessica-de-grazia.aspx">the original</a> on 23 April 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SFO+press+statement+re+Review+of+the+Serious+Fraud+Office+by+Jessica+de+Grazia&rft.pub=Serious+Fraud+Office&rft.date=2008-06-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfo.gov.uk%2Fpress-room%2Fpress-release-archive%2Fpress-releases-2008%2Fsfo-press-statement-re-review-of-the-serious-fraud-office-by-jessica-de-grazia.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRyder2011" class="citation book cs1">Ryder, Nicholas (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iRP4el9yPcUC">Financial Crime in the 21st Century: Law and Policy</a>. <a href="/wiki/Edward_Elgar_Publishing" title="Edward Elgar Publishing">Edward Elgar Publishing</a>. pp. 128–9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780857931832" title="Special:BookSources/9780857931832"><bdi>9780857931832</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Financial+Crime+in+the+21st+Century%3A+Law+and+Policy&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E128-%3C%2Fspan%3E9&rft.pub=Edward+Elgar+Publishing&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780857931832&rft.aulast=Ryder&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiRP4el9yPcUC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ft-manifesto-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ft-manifesto_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ft-manifesto_18-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBinhamCroft2017" class="citation news cs1">Binham, Caroline; Croft, Jane (18 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/43a14e59-96f5-3e95-89c3-792906e2440a">"Tories pledge to abolish Serious Fraud Office – manifesto"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a>. United Kingdom. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170521055439/https://www.ft.com/content/43a14e59-96f5-3e95-89c3-792906e2440a">Archived</a> from the original on 21 May 2017. Retrieved 18 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Tories+pledge+to+abolish+Serious+Fraud+Office+%E2%80%93+manifesto&rft.date=2017-05-18&rft.aulast=Binham&rft.aufirst=Caroline&rft.au=Croft%2C+Jane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F43a14e59-96f5-3e95-89c3-792906e2440a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141015055333/http://www.sfo.gov.uk/our-work/our-cases/historic-cases/the-guinness-case.aspx">"The Guinness case"</a>. Serious Fraud Office. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfo.gov.uk/our-work/our-cases/historic-cases/the-guinness-case.aspx">the original</a> on 15 October 2014. Retrieved 8 August 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Guinness+case&rft.pub=Serious+Fraud+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfo.gov.uk%2Four-work%2Four-cases%2Fhistoric-cases%2Fthe-guinness-case.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/court-condemns-blair-for-halting-saudi-arms-inquiry-807793.html">"Court condemns Blair for halting Saudi arms inquiry"</a>. The Independent. 11 April 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190911080026/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/court-condemns-blair-for-halting-saudi-arms-inquiry-807793.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 September 2019. Retrieved 7 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Court+condemns+Blair+for+halting+Saudi+arms+inquiry&rft.date=2008-04-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Fcourt-condemns-blair-for-halting-saudi-arms-inquiry-807793.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120726000049/http://www.sfo.gov.uk/press-room/latest-press-releases/press-releases-2010/bae-fined-in-tanzania-defence-contract-case.aspx">"BAE fined in Tanzania defence contract case"</a>. Serious Fraud Office. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfo.gov.uk/press-room/latest-press-releases/press-releases-2010/bae-fined-in-tanzania-defence-contract-case.aspx">the original</a> on 26 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BAE+fined+in+Tanzania+defence+contract+case&rft.pub=Serious+Fraud+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfo.gov.uk%2Fpress-room%2Flatest-press-releases%2Fpress-releases-2010%2Fbae-fined-in-tanzania-defence-contract-case.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTreanor2017" class="citation news cs1">Treanor, Jill (20 June 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/jun/20/sfo-charges-barclays-bank-executives-ceo-2008-qatar-fundraising#img-1">"Senior Barclays bankers charged with fraud over credit crunch fundraising"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. London, the United Kingdom. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190517180645/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/jun/20/sfo-charges-barclays-bank-executives-ceo-2008-qatar-fundraising#img-1">Archived</a> from the original on 17 May 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Senior+Barclays+bankers+charged+with+fraud+over+credit+crunch+fundraising&rft.date=2017-06-20&rft.aulast=Treanor&rft.aufirst=Jill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbusiness%2F2017%2Fjun%2F20%2Fsfo-charges-barclays-bank-executives-ceo-2008-qatar-fundraising%23img-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1991/07/28/bcci-scandal-behind-the-bank-of-crooks-and-criminals/563f2216-1180-4094-a13d-fd4955d59435/">"BCCI SCANDAL: BEHIND THE 'BANK OF CROOKS AND CRIMINALS'"</a>. 28 July 1991. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180805172535/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1991/07/28/bcci-scandal-behind-the-bank-of-crooks-and-criminals/563f2216-1180-4094-a13d-fd4955d59435/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 August 2018. Retrieved 7 August 2018 – via www.washingtonpost.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BCCI+SCANDAL%3A+BEHIND+THE+%27BANK+OF+CROOKS+AND+CRIMINALS%27&rft.date=1991-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Fpolitics%2F1991%2F07%2F28%2Fbcci-scandal-behind-the-bank-of-crooks-and-criminals%2F563f2216-1180-4094-a13d-fd4955d59435%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180805175658/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/behind-the-collapse-of-a-behemoth-1265124.html">"Behind the collapse of a behemoth"</a>. The Independent. 4 April 1997. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/behind-the-collapse-of-a-behemoth-1265124.html">the original</a> on 5 August 2018. Retrieved 7 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Behind+the+collapse+of+a+behemoth&rft.date=1997-04-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Fbehind-the-collapse-of-a-behemoth-1265124.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/12bn-bcci-fraudster-faces-17-years-1265123.html">"$1.2bn BCCI fraudster faces 17 years"</a>. The Independent. 4 April 1997. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200523230530/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/12bn-bcci-fraudster-faces-17-years-1265123.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 May 2020. Retrieved 7 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=%241.2bn+BCCI+fraudster+faces+17+years&rft.date=1997-04-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2F12bn-bcci-fraudster-faces-17-years-1265123.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-justsecurity-26"><a href="#cite_ref-justsecurity_26-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.justsecurity.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Zlochevsky-SFO-v-MZ-Final-Judgment-Revised.doc">"Approved Judgement. Case No: RSTO/7/2014"</a> (DOC). Central Criminal Court. 21 January 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200120083356/https://www.justsecurity.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Zlochevsky-SFO-v-MZ-Final-Judgment-Revised.doc">Archived</a> from the original on 20 January 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Central+Criminal+Court&rft.atitle=Approved+Judgement.+Case+No%3A+RSTO%2F7%2F2014&rft.date=2015-01-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.justsecurity.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F09%2FZlochevsky-SFO-v-MZ-Final-Judgment-Revised.doc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt081215-27"><a href="#cite_ref-nyt081215_27-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRisen2015" class="citation news cs1">Risen, James (8 December 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/09/world/europe/corruption-ukraine-joe-biden-son-hunter-biden-ties.html">"Joe Biden, His Son and the Case Against a Ukrainian Oligarch"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191005215400/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/09/world/europe/corruption-ukraine-joe-biden-son-hunter-biden-ties.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 October 2019. Retrieved 1 January 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Joe+Biden%2C+His+Son+and+the+Case+Against+a+Ukrainian+Oligarch&rft.date=2015-12-08&rft.aulast=Risen&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F12%2F09%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fcorruption-ukraine-joe-biden-son-hunter-biden-ties.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_SFO's_performance-28">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_SFO's_performance_28-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_SFO's_performance_28-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130118074620/http://www.sfo.gov.uk/our-work/our-performance.aspx">"The SFO's performance"</a>. Serious Fraud Office. 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The Telegraph. 9 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Former+high+court+judge+to+investigate+SFO+Unaoil+bribery+failures&rft.date=2022-02-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fbusiness%2F2022%2F02%2F09%2Fformer-high-court-judge-investigate-sfo-unaoil-bribery-failures%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/sfo-head-lisa-osofsky-faces-questions-over-investigators-failings-lmxp8bj6k">"SFO head Lisa Osofsky faces questions over investigators' failings"</a>. The Times. 10 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=SFO+head+Lisa+Osofsky+faces+questions+over+investigators%27+failings&rft.date=2022-02-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fsfo-head-lisa-osofsky-faces-questions-over-investigators-failings-lmxp8bj6k&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/uk/former-judge-probe-uk-fraud-agency-pressure-mounts-director-osofsky-2022-02-09/">"Former judge to probe UK fraud agency as pressure mounts on director Osofsky"</a>. Reuters. 9 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Former+judge+to+probe+UK+fraud+agency+as+pressure+mounts+on+director+Osofsky&rft.date=2022-02-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fuk%2Fformer-judge-probe-uk-fraud-agency-pressure-mounts-director-osofsky-2022-02-09%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-k-launches-review-of-serious-fraud-office-over-unaoil-bribery-case-11644446538">"U.K. Launches Review of Serious Fraud Office Over Unaoil Bribery Case"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. 14 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=U.K.+Launches+Review+of+Serious+Fraud+Office+Over+Unaoil+Bribery+Case&rft.date=2022-02-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fu-k-launches-review-of-serious-fraud-office-over-unaoil-bribery-case-11644446538&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/attorney-general-launches-review-into-unaoil-failings-at-the-serious-fraud-office">"Attorney General launches review into Unaoil failings at the Serious Fraud Office"</a>. GOV.UK. 14 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GOV.UK&rft.atitle=Attorney+General+launches+review+into+Unaoil+failings+at+the+Serious+Fraud+Office&rft.date=2022-02-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fnews%2Fattorney-general-launches-review-into-unaoil-failings-at-the-serious-fraud-office&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-k-launches-review-of-serious-fraud-office-over-unaoil-bribery-case-11644446538?mod=article_inline">"U.K. Launches Review of Serious Fraud Office Over Unaoil Bribery Case"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. 9 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=U.K.+Launches+Review+of+Serious+Fraud+Office+Over+Unaoil+Bribery+Case&rft.date=2022-02-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fu-k-launches-review-of-serious-fraud-office-over-unaoil-bribery-case-11644446538%3Fmod%3Darticle_inline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/f52fb706-0d9d-45c4-bb43-88cb9ceda168">"SFO head Lisa Osofsky quizzed by MPs over her future"</a>. Financial Times. 9 February 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/f52fb706-0d9d-45c4-bb43-88cb9ceda168">Archived</a> from the original on 10 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=SFO+head+Lisa+Osofsky+quizzed+by+MPs+over+her+future&rft.date=2022-02-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2Ff52fb706-0d9d-45c4-bb43-88cb9ceda168&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.ie/business/britains-fraud-chief-accused-of-misleading-mps-over-serco-case-41369854.html">"Britain's fraud chief accused of misleading MPs over Serco case"</a>. Independent. 22 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Independent&rft.atitle=Britain%27s+fraud+chief+accused+of+misleading+MPs+over+Serco+case&rft.date=2022-02-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.ie%2Fbusiness%2Fbritains-fraud-chief-accused-of-misleading-mps-over-serco-case-41369854.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://committees.parliament.uk/work/6484/excess-votes-202021-serious-fraud-office/publications/">"Excess votes 2020-21: Serious Fraud Office"</a>. UK Parliament. 2 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UK+Parliament&rft.atitle=Excess+votes+2020-21%3A+Serious+Fraud+Office&rft.date=2022-02-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcommittees.parliament.uk%2Fwork%2F6484%2Fexcess-votes-202021-serious-fraud-office%2Fpublications%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/attorney-general-launches-review-into-unaoil-failings-at-the-serious-fraud-office">"Attorney General launches Review into Unaoil failings at the Serious Fraud Office"</a>. Gov.uk. 9 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gov.uk&rft.atitle=Attorney+General+launches+Review+into+Unaoil+failings+at+the+Serious+Fraud+Office&rft.date=2022-02-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fnews%2Fattorney-general-launches-review-into-unaoil-failings-at-the-serious-fraud-office&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/uk/review-into-uk-fraud-office-extended-late-june-attorney-general-2022-06-06/">"Review into UK Fraud Office extended to late June, attorney general says"</a>. Reuters. 6 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Review+into+UK+Fraud+Office+extended+to+late+June%2C+attorney+general+says&rft.date=2022-06-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fuk%2Freview-into-uk-fraud-office-extended-late-june-attorney-general-2022-06-06%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/serious-farce-sfo-slammed-over-unaoil-case-as-third-conviction-quashed/5113198.article">"Serious farce: SFO slammed over Unaoil case as third conviction quashed"</a>. Law Gazette. 21 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Law+Gazette&rft.atitle=Serious+farce%3A+SFO+slammed+over+Unaoil+case+as+third+conviction+quashed&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lawgazette.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fserious-farce-sfo-slammed-over-unaoil-case-as-third-conviction-quashed%2F5113198.article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-gov.uk-104">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gov.uk_104-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-gov.uk_104-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-gov.uk_104-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/independent-review-into-the-serious-fraud-offices-handling-of-the-unaoil-case-r-v-akle-anor">"Independent Review into the Serious Fraud Office's handling of the Unaoil Case – R v Akle & Anor"</a>. Gov.uk. 21 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gov.uk&rft.atitle=Independent+Review+into+the+Serious+Fraud+Office%27s+handling+of+the+Unaoil+Case+%E2%80%93+R+v+Akle+%26+Anor&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fpublications%2Findependent-review-into-the-serious-fraud-offices-handling-of-the-unaoil-case-r-v-akle-anor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/response-to-the-findings-of-the-independent-review-into-the-serious-fraud-offices-handling-of-the-unaoil-case">"Response to the findings of the Independent Review into the Serious Fraud Office's handling of the Unaoil case"</a>. 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The Guardian. 21 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Serious+Fraud+Office+chief+found+to+have+made+errors+over+major+corruption+trial&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Flaw%2F2022%2Fjul%2F21%2Fserious-office-chief-found-to-have-made-errors-over-major-corruption-trial&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law360.com/articles/1514390/sfo-loses-unfair-dismissal-appeal-over-c-word-row">"SFO Loses Unfair Dismissal Appeal Over 'C-Word' Row"</a>. law360. 22 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=law360&rft.atitle=SFO+Loses+Unfair+Dismissal+Appeal+Over+%27C-Word%27+Row&rft.date=2022-07-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.law360.com%2Farticles%2F1514390%2Fsfo-loses-unfair-dismissal-appeal-over-c-word-row&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law360.com/articles/1514135/how-mistakes-misjudgment-distrust-sunk-sfo-bribery-case">"How Mistakes, Misjudgment & Distrust Sunk SFO Bribery Case"</a>. law360. 22 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=law360&rft.atitle=How+Mistakes%2C+Misjudgment+%26+Distrust+Sunk+SFO+Bribery+Case&rft.date=2022-07-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.law360.com%2Farticles%2F1514135%2Fhow-mistakes-misjudgment-distrust-sunk-sfo-bribery-case&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-fnlondon.com-109">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fnlondon.com_109-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-fnlondon.com_109-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fnlondon.com/articles/sfo-bosses-slammed-for-gullibility-and-arrogance-in-unaoil-fiasco-as-third-conviction-quashed-20220722">"SFO bosses' 'gullibility and arrogance' slammed in Unaoil fiasco as third conviction quashed"</a>. Financial News London. 22 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Financial+News+London&rft.atitle=SFO+bosses%27+%27gullibility+and+arrogance%27+slammed+in+Unaoil+fiasco+as+third+conviction+quashed&rft.date=2022-07-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fnlondon.com%2Farticles%2Fsfo-bosses-slammed-for-gullibility-and-arrogance-in-unaoil-fiasco-as-third-conviction-quashed-20220722&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/ca236cc5-6e94-4e5d-935b-62047ccb8486">"The UK won't take fraud seriously until we take the SFO seriously"</a>. Financial Times. 22 July 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/ca236cc5-6e94-4e5d-935b-62047ccb8486">Archived</a> from the original on 10 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=The+UK+won%27t+take+fraud+seriously+until+we+take+the+SFO+seriously&rft.date=2022-07-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2Fca236cc5-6e94-4e5d-935b-62047ccb8486&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-thetimes.co.uk-111">^ <a href="#cite_ref-thetimes.co.uk_111-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-thetimes.co.uk_111-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/serious-fraud-office-boss-lisa-osofsky-hit-by-backlash-zbsh8p8dq">"Serious Fraud Office boss Lisa Osofsky hit by backlash"</a>. The Times UK. 28 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+UK&rft.atitle=Serious+Fraud+Office+boss+Lisa+Osofsky+hit+by+backlash&rft.date=2022-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fserious-fraud-office-boss-lisa-osofsky-hit-by-backlash-zbsh8p8dq&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/1703c733-044b-4992-9e42-bd2c8d22db2d">"SFO head criticised for failings that denied defendant fair trial"</a>. Financial Times. 21 July 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/1703c733-044b-4992-9e42-bd2c8d22db2d">Archived</a> from the original on 10 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=SFO+head+criticised+for+failings+that+denied+defendant+fair+trial&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F1703c733-044b-4992-9e42-bd2c8d22db2d&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law360.com/articles/1514135/how-mistakes-misjudgment-distrust-sunk-sfo-bribery-case">"How Mistakes, Misjudgment & Distrust Sunk SFO Bribery Case"</a>. Law360. 22 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Law360&rft.atitle=How+Mistakes%2C+Misjudgment+%26+Distrust+Sunk+SFO+Bribery+Case&rft.date=2022-07-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.law360.com%2Farticles%2F1514135%2Fhow-mistakes-misjudgment-distrust-sunk-sfo-bribery-case&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/uk/uk-fraud-agency-told-record-contacts-with-defendants-suspects-2022-07-21/">"Independent Review into the Serious Fraud Office's handling of the Unaoil Case – R v Akle & Anor"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. 21 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Independent+Review+into+the+Serious+Fraud+Office%27s+handling+of+the+Unaoil+Case+%E2%80%93+R+v+Akle+%26+Anor&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fuk%2Fuk-fraud-agency-told-record-contacts-with-defendants-suspects-2022-07-21%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/review-of-u-k-s-serious-fraud-office-details-missteps-in-unaoil-bribery-case-11658438504">"Review of U.K.'s Serious Fraud Office Details Missteps in Unaoil Bribery Case"</a>. Reuters. 21 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Review+of+U.K.%27s+Serious+Fraud+Office+Details+Missteps+in+Unaoil+Bribery+Case&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Freview-of-u-k-s-serious-fraud-office-details-missteps-in-unaoil-bribery-case-11658438504&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/independent-review-into-the-serious-fraud-offices-handling-of-the-unaoil-case-r-v-akle-anor">"'Grim day' for UK fraud office as third Unaoil conviction quashed"</a>. Gov.uk. 21 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gov.uk&rft.atitle=%27Grim+day%27+for+UK+fraud+office+as+third+Unaoil+conviction+quashed&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fpublications%2Findependent-review-into-the-serious-fraud-offices-handling-of-the-unaoil-case-r-v-akle-anor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news-focus/news-focus-serious-farce-where-now-for-the-sfo-and-lisa-osofsky/5113318.article">"News focus: Serious Farce? Where now for the SFO and Lisa Osofsky"</a>. Law Gazette UK. 29 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Law+Gazette+UK&rft.atitle=News+focus%3A+Serious+Farce%3F+Where+now+for+the+SFO+and+Lisa+Osofsky&rft.date=2022-07-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lawgazette.co.uk%2Fnews-focus%2Fnews-focus-serious-farce-where-now-for-the-sfo-and-lisa-osofsky%2F5113318.article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/law/2021/feb/17/sfo-unfairly-sacked-prosecutor-after-doj-sabotage-tribunal-finds">"Senior UK fraud prosecutor unfairly sacked after US sabotage, tribunal finds"</a>. The Guardian. 17 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Senior+UK+fraud+prosecutor+unfairly+sacked+after+US+sabotage%2C+tribunal+finds&rft.date=2021-02-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Flaw%2F2021%2Ffeb%2F17%2Fsfo-unfairly-sacked-prosecutor-after-doj-sabotage-tribunal-finds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spotlightcorruption.org/the-us-department-of-justice-shouldnt-get-away-with-acting-as-the-bully-of-anti-bribery-enforcement-lessons-from-the-tom-martin-employment-tribunal/">"The US Department of Justice shouldn't get away with acting as the bully of anti-bribery enforcement: lessons from the Tom Martin employment tribunal"</a>. Spotlight On Corruption. 17 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spotlight+On+Corruption&rft.atitle=The+US+Department+of+Justice+shouldn%27t+get+away+with+acting+as+the+bully+of+anti-bribery+enforcement%3A+lessons+from+the+Tom+Martin+employment+tribunal.&rft.date=2021-02-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spotlightcorruption.org%2Fthe-us-department-of-justice-shouldnt-get-away-with-acting-as-the-bully-of-anti-bribery-enforcement-lessons-from-the-tom-martin-employment-tribunal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law360.com/articles/1514390/sfo-loses-unfair-dismissal-appeal-over-c-word-row">"SFO Loses Unfair Dismissal Appeal Over 'C-Word' Row"</a>. The Guardian. 22 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=SFO+Loses+Unfair+Dismissal+Appeal+Over+%27C-Word%27+Row&rft.date=2022-07-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.law360.com%2Farticles%2F1514390%2Fsfo-loses-unfair-dismissal-appeal-over-c-word-row&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/sfo-loses-appeal-over-unfair-sacking-of-unaoil-case-controller/5113212.article">"SFO loses appeal over 'unfair' sacking of Unaoil case controller"</a>. The Law Society. 22 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Law+Society&rft.atitle=SFO+loses+appeal+over+%27unfair%27+sacking+of+Unaoil+case+controller&rft.date=2022-07-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lawgazette.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fsfo-loses-appeal-over-unfair-sacking-of-unaoil-case-controller%2F5113212.article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-122">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_122-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_122-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEmilyThornberry2022" class="citation web cs1">@EmilyThornberry (21 July 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/EmilyThornberry/status/1550136805017665537">"Here's my official statement on Sir David Calvert-Smith's report into the failings of leadership at the Serious Fraud Office so shockingly exposed by the Unaoil scandal"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Here%27s+my+official+statement+on+Sir+David+Calvert-Smith%27s+report+into+the+failings+of+leadership+at+the+Serious+Fraud+Office+so+shockingly+exposed+by+the+Unaoil+scandal.&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft.au=EmilyThornberry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FEmilyThornberry%2Fstatus%2F1550136805017665537&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.sky.com/story/what-did-the-government-do-on-take-out-the-trash-day-12656476">"What did the government do on 'take out the trash day'?"</a>. Sky News. 21 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sky+News&rft.atitle=What+did+the+government+do+on+%27take+out+the+trash+day%27%3F&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.sky.com%2Fstory%2Fwhat-did-the-government-do-on-take-out-the-trash-day-12656476&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fnlondon.com/articles/sfo-bosses-slammed-for-gullibility-and-arrogance-in-unaoil-fiasco-as-third-conviction-quashed-20220722">"SFO bosses 'gullibility and arrogance' slammed in Unaoil fiasco as third conviction quashed"</a>. Financial News. 22 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Financial+News&rft.atitle=SFO+bosses+%27gullibility+and+arrogance%27+slammed+in+Unaoil+fiasco+as+third+conviction+quashed&rft.date=2022-07-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fnlondon.com%2Farticles%2Fsfo-bosses-slammed-for-gullibility-and-arrogance-in-unaoil-fiasco-as-third-conviction-quashed-20220722&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFmattotele2022" class="citation web cs1">@mattotele (21 July 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/mattotele/status/1550205708934709253">"Am told the Attorney General, Suella Braverman, is standing by SFO director Lisa Osofsky tonight, following the publication of the Unaoil review. Osofsky has said she wants to stay to implement recommendations. But Labour's Emily Thornberry questioning if that's right approach"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Am+told+the+Attorney+General%2C+Suella+Braverman%2C+is+standing+by+SFO+director+Lisa+Osofsky+tonight%2C+following+the+publication+of+the+Unaoil+review.+Osofsky+has+said+she+wants+to+stay+to+implement+recommendations.+But+Labour%27s+Emily+Thornberry+questioning+if+that%27s+right+approach&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft.au=mattotele&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Fmattotele%2Fstatus%2F1550205708934709253&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceB-126">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_126-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_126-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEmilyThornberry2022" class="citation web cs1">@EmilyThornberry (9 February 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/EmilyThornberry/status/1491507689322594307">"The Unaoil debacle is not a one-off. It is part of a consistent failure on the part of the SFO to effectively prosecute cases of corporate fraud and corruption, and a first instinct when wrong-doing is detected, not to investigate those responsible, but negotiate with them"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Unaoil+debacle+is+not+a+one-off.+It+is+part+of+a+consistent+failure+on+the+part+of+the+SFO+to+effectively+prosecute+cases+of+corporate+fraud+and+corruption%2C+and+a+first+instinct+when+wrong-doing+is+detected%2C+not+to+investigate+those+responsible%2C+but+negotiate+with+them.&rft.date=2022-02-09&rft.au=EmilyThornberry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FEmilyThornberry%2Fstatus%2F1491507689322594307&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/sfo-head-lisa-osofsky-faces-questions-over-investigators-failings-lmxp8bj6k">"SFO head Lisa Osofsky faces questions over investigator's failings"</a>. The Times. 10 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=SFO+head+Lisa+Osofsky+faces+questions+over+investigator%27s+failings&rft.date=2022-02-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fsfo-head-lisa-osofsky-faces-questions-over-investigators-failings-lmxp8bj6k&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sfo.gov.uk-128">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sfo.gov.uk_128-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sfo.gov.uk_128-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfo.gov.uk/2022/07/21/publication-of-brian-altman-qc-and-sir-david-calvert-smith-reviews/">"Publication of Brian Altman QC and Sir David Calvert-Smith reviews"</a>. SFO News Releases. 21 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SFO+News+Releases&rft.atitle=Publication+of+Brian+Altman+QC+and+Sir+David+Calvert-Smith+reviews&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfo.gov.uk%2F2022%2F07%2F21%2Fpublication-of-brian-altman-qc-and-sir-david-calvert-smith-reviews%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceC-129">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_129-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_129-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_129-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfo.gov.uk/download/review-of-r-v-woods-marshall-by-brian-altman-qc/">"Review of R v Woods & Marshall by Brian Altman QC"</a>. SFO News Releases. 21 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SFO+News+Releases&rft.atitle=Review+of+R+v+Woods+%26+Marshall+by+Brian+Altman+QC&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfo.gov.uk%2Fdownload%2Freview-of-r-v-woods-marshall-by-brian-altman-qc%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news-focus/news-focus-serious-farce-where-now-for-the-sfo-and-lisa-osofsky/5113318.article">"News focus: Serious Farce? Where now for the SFO and Lisa Osofsky"</a>. The Law Society. 29 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Law+Society&rft.atitle=News+focus%3A+Serious+Farce%3F+Where+now+for+the+SFO+and+Lisa+Osofsky&rft.date=2022-07-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lawgazette.co.uk%2Fnews-focus%2Fnews-focus-serious-farce-where-now-for-the-sfo-and-lisa-osofsky%2F5113318.article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://committees.parliament.uk/work/6484/excess-votes-202021-serious-fraud-office/publications/">"Excess votes 2020-21: Serious Fraud Office"</a>. UK Parliament. 2 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UK+Parliament&rft.atitle=Excess+votes+2020-21%3A+Serious+Fraud+Office&rft.date=2022-02-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcommittees.parliament.uk%2Fwork%2F6484%2Fexcess-votes-202021-serious-fraud-office%2Fpublications%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/no-lawyers-referred-to-sra-over-collapsed-sfo-prosecution-mps-told/5111460.article">"No lawyers referred to SRA over collapsed SFO prosecution, MPs told"</a>. The Law Society. 10 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Law+Society&rft.atitle=No+lawyers+referred+to+SRA+over+collapsed+SFO+prosecution%2C+MPs+told&rft.date=2022-02-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lawgazette.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fno-lawyers-referred-to-sra-over-collapsed-sfo-prosecution-mps-told%2F5111460.article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/serious-farce-sfo-slammed-over-unaoil-case-as-third-conviction-quashed/5113198.article">"'Serious farce': SFO slammed over Unaoil case as third conviction quashed"</a>. Law Society Gazette. 21 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Law+Society+Gazette&rft.atitle=%27Serious+farce%27%3A+SFO+slammed+over+Unaoil+case+as+third+conviction+quashed&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lawgazette.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fserious-farce-sfo-slammed-over-unaoil-case-as-third-conviction-quashed%2F5113198.article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Unaoil_bribery_scandal-134">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Unaoil_bribery_scandal_134-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Unaoil_bribery_scandal_134-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spotlightcorruption.org/the-unaoil-bribery-scandal/">"The Unaoil bribery scandal"</a>. Spotlight on Corruption. 30 March 2022. Retrieved 30 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spotlight+on+Corruption&rft.atitle=The+Unaoil+bribery+scandal&rft.date=2022-03-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spotlightcorruption.org%2Fthe-unaoil-bribery-scandal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/uk/third-unaoil-conviction-quashed-london-2022-07-21/">"Third Unaoil conviction quashed in London"</a>. Reuters. 21 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Third+Unaoil+conviction+quashed+in+London&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Fuk%2Fthird-unaoil-conviction-quashed-london-2022-07-21%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/serious-farce-sfo-slammed-over-unaoil-case-as-third-conviction-quashed/5113198.article">"Serious farce: SFO slammed over Unaoil case as third conviction quashed"</a>. The Law Society. 21 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Law+Society&rft.atitle=Serious+farce%3A+SFO+slammed+over+Unaoil+case+as+third+conviction+quashed&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lawgazette.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fserious-farce-sfo-slammed-over-unaoil-case-as-third-conviction-quashed%2F5113198.article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law360.com/articles/1513735/third-unaoil-defendant-gets-conviction-quashed-on-appeal">"Third Unaoil Defendant Gets Conviction Quashed On Appeal"</a>. Law360. 21 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Law360&rft.atitle=Third+Unaoil+Defendant+Gets+Conviction+Quashed+On+Appeal&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.law360.com%2Farticles%2F1513735%2Fthird-unaoil-defendant-gets-conviction-quashed-on-appeal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law360.com/articles/1515892/poor-funding-presents-road-block-to-meaningful-sfo-reform">"Poor Funding Presents Road Block To Meaningful SFO Reform"</a>. Law360. 28 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Law360&rft.atitle=Poor+Funding+Presents+Road+Block+To+Meaningful+SFO+Reform&rft.date=2022-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.law360.com%2Farticles%2F1515892%2Fpoor-funding-presents-road-block-to-meaningful-sfo-reform&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-56890662">"Ex-Serco bosses cleared after fraud case collapses"</a>. BBC. 26 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Ex-Serco+bosses+cleared+after+fraud+case+collapses&rft.date=2021-04-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-56890662&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/769c8883-fdee-4251-a4c8-993b510a1b1b">"SFO's case against former Serco executives collapses"</a>. Financial Times. 26 April 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/769c8883-fdee-4251-a4c8-993b510a1b1b">Archived</a> from the original on 10 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=SFO%27s+case+against+former+Serco+executives+collapses&rft.date=2021-04-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F769c8883-fdee-4251-a4c8-993b510a1b1b&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2021/apr/26/serco-trial-collapses-as-serious-office-fails-to-disclose-evidence">"Trial of former Serco executives collapses as SFO fails to disclose evidence"</a>. Guardian News. 26 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Guardian+News&rft.atitle=Trial+of+former+Serco+executives+collapses+as+SFO+fails+to+disclose+evidence&rft.date=2021-04-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbusiness%2F2021%2Fapr%2F26%2Fserco-trial-collapses-as-serious-office-fails-to-disclose-evidence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law360.com/articles/1515892/poor-funding-presents-road-block-to-meaningful-sfo-reform">"Poor Funding Presents Road Block To Meaningful SFO Reform"</a>. Law 360. 28 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Law+360&rft.atitle=Poor+Funding+Presents+Road+Block+To+Meaningful+SFO+Reform&rft.date=2022-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.law360.com%2Farticles%2F1515892%2Fpoor-funding-presents-road-block-to-meaningful-sfo-reform&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/response-to-the-findings-of-the-independent-review-into-the-serious-fraud-offices-handling-of-the-unaoil-case">"Response to the findings of the Independent Review into the Serious Fraud Office's handling of the Unaoil case"</a>. GOV.UK. 21 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GOV.UK&rft.atitle=Response+to+the+findings+of+the+Independent+Review+into+the+Serious+Fraud+Office%27s+handling+of+the+Unaoil+case&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fnews%2Fresponse-to-the-findings-of-the-independent-review-into-the-serious-fraud-offices-handling-of-the-unaoil-case&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/serious-farce-sfo-slammed-over-unaoil-case-as-third-conviction-quashed/5113198.article">"Serious farce: SFO slammed over Unaoil case as third conviction quashed"</a>. The Law Society. 21 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Law+Society&rft.atitle=Serious+farce%3A+SFO+slammed+over+Unaoil+case+as+third+conviction+quashed&rft.date=2022-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lawgazette.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fserious-farce-sfo-slammed-over-unaoil-case-as-third-conviction-quashed%2F5113198.article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShubberRing2024" class="citation news cs1">Shubber, Kadhim; Ring, Suzi (23 December 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/facc41fc-1f26-4ee7-a21e-7720be43d2ef">"UK Serious Fraud Office spent £16mn on botched Unaoil investigation"</a>. Financial Times. Retrieved 26 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=UK+Serious+Fraud+Office+spent+%C2%A316mn+on+botched+Unaoil+investigation&rft.date=2024-12-23&rft.aulast=Shubber&rft.aufirst=Kadhim&rft.au=Ring%2C+Suzi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2Ffacc41fc-1f26-4ee7-a21e-7720be43d2ef&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/law/2022/aug/07/revolving-door-as-serious-fraud-office-are-poached-by-law-firms">"Anger as Serious Fraud Office head says she's proud of 'revolving door' between regulator and law firms"</a>. The Guardian. 7 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Anger+as+Serious+Fraud+Office+head+says+she%27s+proud+of+%27revolving+door%27+between+regulator+and+law+firms&rft.date=2022-08-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Flaw%2F2022%2Faug%2F07%2Frevolving-door-as-serious-fraud-office-are-poached-by-law-firms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/7459df0a-b10e-48e1-9206-c26ea6d028b1">"Letter: SFO's revolving door works better than a closed shop"</a>. Financial Times. 26 November 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/7459df0a-b10e-48e1-9206-c26ea6d028b1">Archived</a> from the original on 10 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Letter%3A+SFO%27s+revolving+door+works+better+than+a+closed+shop&rft.date=2021-11-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F7459df0a-b10e-48e1-9206-c26ea6d028b1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASerious+Fraud+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Serious_Fraud_Office_(United_Kingdom)&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sfo.gov.uk/">Official website</a> <a 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