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Torma</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Andras Torma"> <meta name="keywords" content="Andras Torma"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Andras Torma"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 34</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Andras Torma</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Multidimensional Approach to Analyse the Environmental Impacts of Mobility</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andras%20Gyorfi">Andras Gyorfi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andras%20Torma"> Andras Torma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adrienn%20Buruzs"> Adrienn Buruzs</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mobility has been evolved to a determining field of science. The continuously developing segment involves a variety of affected issues such as public and economic sectors. Beside the changes in mobility the state of environment had also changed in the last period. Alternative mobility as a separate category and the idea of its widespread appliance is such a new field that needs to be studied deeper. Alternative mobility implies finding new types of propulsion, using innovative kinds of power and energy resources, revolutionizing the approach to vehicular control. Including new resources and excluding others has such a complex effect which cannot be unequivocally confirmed by today’s scientific achievements. Changes in specific parameters will most likely reduce the environmental impacts, however, the production of new substances or even their subtraction of the system will cause probably energy deficit as well. The aim of this research is to elaborate the environmental impact matrix of alternative mobility and cognize the factors that are yet unknown, analyse them, look for alternative solutions and conclude all the above in a coherent system. In order to this, we analyse it with a method called ‘the system of systems (SoS) method’ to model the effects and the dynamics of the system. A part of the research process is to examine its impacts on the environment, and to decide whether the newly developed versions of alternative mobility are affecting the environmental state. As a final result, a complex approach will be used which can supplement the current scientific studies. By using the SoS approach, we create a framework of reference containing elements in which we examine the interactions as well. In such a way, a flexible and modular model can be established which supports the prioritizing of effects and the deeper analysis of the complex system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title="environment">environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternative%20mobility" title=" alternative mobility"> alternative mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20model" title=" complex model"> complex model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=element%20analysis" title=" element analysis"> element analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multidimensional%20map" title=" multidimensional map"> multidimensional map</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57727/multidimensional-approach-to-analyse-the-environmental-impacts-of-mobility" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57727.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">324</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Chemical Leaching of Metals from Landfill’s Fine Fraction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Balkauskait%C4%97">E. Balkauskaitė</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Bu%C4%8Dinskas"> A. Bučinskas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Ivanauskas"> R. Ivanauskas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Kriipsalu"> M. Kriipsalu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Denafas"> G. Denafas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Leaching of heavy metals (chromium, zinc, copper) from the fine fraction of the Torma landfill (Estonia) was investigated. The leaching kinetics studies have determined the dependence of some metal’s concentration on the leaching time. Metals were leached with Aqua Regia, distilled water and EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid); process was most intensive 2 hours after the start of the experiment, except for copper with EDTA (0.5 h) and lead with EDTA (4 h). During leaching, steady concentrations of Fe, Mn, Cd and Pb were fully stabilized after 8 h; however concentrations of Cu and Ni were not stabilized after 10 h. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fine%20fraction" title="fine fraction">fine fraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landfills" title=" landfills"> landfills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leached%20metals" title=" leached metals"> leached metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaching%20kinetics" title=" leaching kinetics"> leaching kinetics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112677/chemical-leaching-of-metals-from-landfills-fine-fraction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112677.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> A Review on the Outlook of the Circular Economy in the Automotive Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Buruzs">A. Buruzs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Torma"> A. Torma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The relationship of the automotive industry with raw material supply is a major challenge and presents obstacles. Automobiles are ones of the most complex products using a large variety of materials. Safety, eco-friendliness and comfort requirements, physical, chemical and economic limitations set the framework in which this industry continuously optimizes the efficient and responsible use of resources. The concept of circular economy covers the issues of waste generation, resource scarcity and economic advantages. However, circularity is already known for the automobile industry – several efforts are done to foster material reuse, product remanufacturing and recycling. The aim of this study is to give an overview on how the producers comply with the growing demands on one hand, and gain efficiency and increase profitability on the other hand from circular economy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive%20industry" title="automotive industry">automotive industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20economy" title=" circular economy"> circular economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20requirements" title=" international requirements"> international requirements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20resources" title=" natural resources"> natural resources</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70333/a-review-on-the-outlook-of-the-circular-economy-in-the-automotive-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70333.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Phylogenetic Relationships between the Whole Sets of Individual Flow Sorted U, M, S and C Chromosomes of Aegilops and Wheat as Revealed by COS Markers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20Farkas">András Farkas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Istv%C3%A1n%20Moln%C3%A1r"> István Molnár</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Vr%C3%A1na"> Jan Vrána</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Veronika%20Bure%C5%A1ov%C3%A1"> Veronika Burešová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Petr%20C%C3%A1pal"> Petr Cápal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20Cseh"> András Cseh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M%C3%A1rta%20Moln%C3%A1r-L%C3%A1ng"> Márta Molnár-Láng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaroslav%20Dole%C5%BEel"> Jaroslav Doležel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Species of Aegilops played a central role in the evolution of wheat and are sources of traits related to yield quality and tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses. These wild genes and alleles are desirable to use in crop improvement programs via introgressive hybridization. However, the success of chromosome mediated gene transfer to wheat are hampered by the pour knowledge on the genome structure of Aegilops relative to wheat and by the low number of cost-effective molecular markers specific for Aegilops chromosomes. The COS markers specific for genes conserved throughout evolution in both sequence and copy number between Triticeae/Aegilops taxa and define orthologous regions, thus enabling the comparison of regions on the chromosomes of related species. The present study compared individual chromosomes of Aegilops umbellulata (UU), Ae. comosa (MM), Ae. speltoides (SS) and Ae. caudata (CC) purified by flourescent labelling with oligonucleotid SSR repeats and biparametric flow cytometry with wheat by identifying orthologous chromosomal regions by COS markers. The linear order of bin-mapped COS markers along the wheat D chromosomes was identified by the use of chromosome-specific sequence data and virtual gene order. Syntenic regions of wheat identifying genome rearrangements differentiating the U, M, S or C genomes from the D genome of wheat were detected. The conserved orthologous set markers assigned to Aegilops chromosomes promise to accelerate gene introgression by facilitating the identification of alien chromatin. The syntenic relationships between the Aegilops species and wheat will facilitate the targeted development of new markers specific for U, M, S and C genomic regions and will contribute to the understanding of molecular processes related to the evolution of Aegilops. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aegilops" title="Aegilops">Aegilops</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cos-markers" title=" cos-markers"> cos-markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow-sorting" title=" flow-sorting"> flow-sorting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheat" title=" wheat"> wheat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29629/phylogenetic-relationships-between-the-whole-sets-of-individual-flow-sorted-u-m-s-and-c-chromosomes-of-aegilops-and-wheat-as-revealed-by-cos-markers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29629.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> On Phase Based Stereo Matching and Its Related Issues</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20R%C3%B6vid">András Rövid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takeshi%20Hashimoto"> Takeshi Hashimoto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper focuses on the problem of the point correspondence matching in stereo images. The proposed matching algorithm is based on the combination of simpler methods such as normalized sum of squared differences (NSSD) and a more complex phase correlation based approach, by considering the noise and other factors, as well. The speed of NSSD and the preciseness of the phase correlation together yield an efficient approach to find the best candidate point with sub-pixel accuracy in stereo image pairs. The task of the NSSD in this case is to approach the candidate pixel roughly. Afterwards the location of the candidate is refined by an enhanced phase correlation based method which in contrast to the NSSD has to run only once for each selected pixel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stereo%20matching" title="stereo matching">stereo matching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub-pixel%20accuracy" title=" sub-pixel accuracy"> sub-pixel accuracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20correlation" title=" phase correlation"> phase correlation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SVD" title=" SVD"> SVD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NSSD" title=" NSSD"> NSSD</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8549/on-phase-based-stereo-matching-and-its-related-issues" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8549.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">468</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Assessment of Rehabilitation Possibilities in Case of Budapest Jewish Quarter Building Stock</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vikt%C3%B3ria%20Sug%C3%A1r">Viktória Sugár</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Attila%20Talamon"> Attila Talamon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20Horkai"> András Horkai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michihiro%20Kita"> Michihiro Kita</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The dense urban fabric of the Budapest 7th district is known as the former Jewish Quarter. The majority of the historical building stock contains multi-story tenement houses with courtyards, built around the end of the 19<sup>th</sup> century. Various rehabilitation and urban planning attempt occurred until today, mostly left unfinished. Present paper collects the past rehabilitation plans, actions and their effect which took place in the former Jewish District of Budapest. The authors aim to assess the boundaries of a complex building stock rehabilitation, by taking into account the monument protection guidelines. As a main focus of the research, structural as well as energetic rehabilitation possibilities are analyzed in case of each building by using Geographic Information System (GIS) methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographic%20information%20system" title="geographic information system">geographic information system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hungary" title=" Hungary"> Hungary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jewish%20Quarter" title=" Jewish Quarter"> Jewish Quarter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monument" title=" monument"> monument</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protection" title=" protection"> protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rehabilitation" title=" rehabilitation"> rehabilitation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63305/assessment-of-rehabilitation-possibilities-in-case-of-budapest-jewish-quarter-building-stock" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63305.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">267</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Energy Saving, Heritage Conserving Renovation Methods in Case of Historical Building Stock</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vikt%C3%B3ria%20Sug%C3%A1r">Viktória Sugár</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zolt%C3%A1n%20Lacz%C3%B3"> Zoltán Laczó</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20Horkai"> András Horkai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gyula%20Kiss"> Gyula Kiss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Attila%20Talamon"> Attila Talamon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The majority of the building stock of Budapest inner districts was built around the turn of the 19<sup>th</sup> and 20<sup>th</sup> century. Although the structural stability of the buildings is not questioned, as the load bearing structures are in sufficient state, the secondary structures are aged, resulting unsatisfactory energetic state. The renovation of these historical buildings requires special methodology and technology: their ornamented facades and custom-made fenestration cannot be insulated or exchanged with conventional solutions without damaging the heritage values. The present paper aims to introduce and systematize the possible technological solutions for heritage respecting energy retrofit in case of a historical residential building stock. Through case study, the possible energy saving potential is also calculated using multiple renovation scenarios. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title="energy efficiency">energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage" title=" heritage"> heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=historical%20building" title=" historical building"> historical building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renovation" title=" renovation"> renovation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80550/energy-saving-heritage-conserving-renovation-methods-in-case-of-historical-building-stock" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80550.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Expert Based System Design for Integrated Waste Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Buruzs">A. Buruzs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20F.%20Hatw%C3%A1gner"> M. F. Hatwágner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Torma"> A. Torma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20T.%20K%C3%B3czy"> L. T. Kóczy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, an increasing number of researchers have been focusing on working out realistic solutions to sustainability problems. As sustainability issues gain higher importance for organisations, the management of such decisions becomes critical. Knowledge representation is a fundamental issue of complex knowledge based systems. Many types of sustainability problems would benefit from models based on experts’ knowledge. Cognitive maps have been used for analyzing and aiding decision making. A cognitive map can be made of almost any system or problem. A fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) can successfully represent knowledge and human experience, introducing concepts to represent the essential elements and the cause and effect relationships among the concepts to model the behavior of any system. Integrated waste management systems (IWMS) are complex systems that can be decomposed to non-related and related subsystems and elements, where many factors have to be taken into consideration that may be complementary, contradictory, and competitive; these factors influence each other and determine the overall decision process of the system. The goal of the present paper is to construct an efficient IWMS which considers various factors. The authors’ intention is to propose an expert based system design approach for implementing expert decision support in the area of IWMSs and introduces an appropriate methodology for the development and analysis of group FCM. A framework for such a methodology consisting of the development and application phases is presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factors" title="factors">factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20cognitive%20map" title=" fuzzy cognitive map"> fuzzy cognitive map</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=group%20decision" title=" group decision"> group decision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrated%20waste%20management%20system" title=" integrated waste management system"> integrated waste management system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17482/expert-based-system-design-for-integrated-waste-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17482.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Retrospective Reconstruction of Time Series Data for Integrated Waste Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Buruzs">A. Buruzs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20F.%20Hatw%C3%A1gner"> M. F. Hatwágner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Torma"> A. Torma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20T.%20K%C3%B3czy"> L. T. Kóczy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The development, operation and maintenance of Integrated Waste Management Systems (IWMS) affects essentially the sustainable concern of every region. The features of such systems have great influence on all of the components of sustainability. In order to reach the optimal way of processes, a comprehensive mapping of the variables affecting the future efficiency of the system is needed such as analysis of the interconnections among the components and modelling of their interactions. The planning of a IWMS is based fundamentally on technical and economical opportunities and the legal framework. Modelling the sustainability and operation effectiveness of a certain IWMS is not in the scope of the present research. The complexity of the systems and the large number of the variables require the utilization of a complex approach to model the outcomes and future risks. This complex method should be able to evaluate the logical framework of the factors composing the system and the interconnections between them. The authors of this paper studied the usability of the Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM) approach modelling the future operation of IWMS’s. The approach requires two input data set. One is the connection matrix containing all the factors affecting the system in focus with all the interconnections. The other input data set is the time series, a retrospective reconstruction of the weights and roles of the factors. This paper introduces a novel method to develop time series by content analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=content%20analysis" title="content analysis">content analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factors" title=" factors"> factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrated%20waste%20management%20system" title=" integrated waste management system"> integrated waste management system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20series" title=" time series"> time series</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17653/retrospective-reconstruction-of-time-series-data-for-integrated-waste-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17653.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> The Optimization of Sun Collector Parameters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Istv%C3%A1n%20Patk%C3%B3">István Patkó</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hosam%20Bayoumi%20Hamuda"> Hosam Bayoumi Hamuda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20Szeder"> András Szeder</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to efficiently solve the problems created by the deepening energy crisis affecting Europe and the world, governments cannot neglect the opportunities of using the energy produced by sun collectors. In many of the EU countries there are sun collectors producing heat energy, e.g. in 2011 in the area of EU27 (countries which belong to European Union) + Switzerland altogether 37519126 m2 were operated, which are capable of producing 26.3 GWh heat energy. The energy produced by these sun collectors is utilized at the place of production. In the near future governments will have to focus more on spreading and using sun collectors. Among the complex problems of operating sun collectors, this article deals with determining the optimal tilt angle, directions of sun collectors. We evaluate the contamination of glass surface of sun collector to the produced energy. Our theoretically results are confirmed by laboratory measurements. The purpose of our work is to help users and engineers in determination of optimal operation parameters of sun collectors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20energy" title="heat energy">heat energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tilt%20angle" title=" tilt angle"> tilt angle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direction%20of%20sun%20collector" title=" direction of sun collector"> direction of sun collector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contamination%20of%20surface" title=" contamination of surface"> contamination of surface</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9894/the-optimization-of-sun-collector-parameters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9894.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Energy Intensity of a Historical Downtown: Estimating the Energy Demand of a Budapest District</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vikt%C3%B3ria%20Sug%C3%A1r">Viktória Sugár</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Attila%20Talamon"> Attila Talamon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20Horkai"> András Horkai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michihiro%20Kita"> Michihiro Kita</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The dense urban fabric of the 7<sup>th</sup> district of Budapest -known as the former Jewish Quarter-, contains mainly historical style, multi-story tenement houses with courtyards. The high population density and the unsatisfactory energetic state of the buildings result high energy consumption. As a preliminary survey of a complex rehabilitation plan, the authors aim to determine the energy demand of the area. The energy demand was calculated by analyzing the structure and the energy consumption of each building by using Geographic Information System (GIS) methods. The carbon dioxide emission was also calculated, to assess the potential of reducing the present state value by complex structural and energetic rehabilitation. As a main focus of the survey, an energy intensity map has been created about the area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82" title="CO₂">CO₂</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20intensity%20map" title=" energy intensity map"> energy intensity map</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographic%20information%20system%20%28GIS%29" title=" geographic information system (GIS)"> geographic information system (GIS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hungary" title=" Hungary"> Hungary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jewish%20quarter" title=" Jewish quarter"> Jewish quarter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rehabilitation" title=" rehabilitation"> rehabilitation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63316/energy-intensity-of-a-historical-downtown-estimating-the-energy-demand-of-a-budapest-district" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63316.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Investigation of the Grain-Boundary Segregation Transition in the Binary Fe-C Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V%C3%A9gh%20%C3%81d%C3%A1m">Végh Ádám</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mekler%20Csaba"> Mekler Csaba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dezs%C5%91%20Andr%C3%A1s"> Dezső András</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Szab%C3%B3%20D%C3%A1vid"> Szabó Dávid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stomp%20D%C3%A1vid"> Stomp Dávid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaptay%20Gy%C3%B6rgy"> Kaptay György</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Grain boundary segregation transition (GBST) has been calculated by a thermodynamic model in binary alloys. The method is used on cementite (Fe3C) segregation in base-centered cubic (ferrite) iron (Fe) in the Fe-C binary system. The GBST line is shown in the Fe3C lacking part of the phase diagram with high solvent (Fe) concentration. At a lower solute content (C) or at higher temperature the grain boundary is composed mostly of the solvent atoms (Fe). On higher concentration compared to the GBST line or at lower temperature a phase transformation occurs at the grain boundary, the latter mostly composed of the associates (Fe3C). These low-segregation and high-segregation states are first order interfacial phase transitions of the grain boundary and can be transformed into each other reversibly. These occur when the GBST line is crossed by changing the bulk composition or temperature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GBST" title="GBST">GBST</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cementite" title=" cementite"> cementite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=segregation" title=" segregation"> segregation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fe-C%20alloy" title=" Fe-C alloy"> Fe-C alloy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24587/investigation-of-the-grain-boundary-segregation-transition-in-the-binary-fe-c-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24587.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">583</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Bread Quality Improvement with Special Novel Additives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M%C3%B3nika%20Bartaln%C3%A9-Berceli">Mónika Bartalné-Berceli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eszter%20Izs%C3%B3"> Eszter Izsó</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Szilveszter%20Gergely"> Szilveszter Gergely</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20Salg%C3%B3"> András Salgó</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays a significant portion of the Earth's population does not have access to healthy food. Either because they can not afford them or because they do not know which they are. The aim of the VIIth Framework CHANCE project (Nr. 266331) supported by the European Union has been to develop relatively cheap food favorable from nutritional point of view and has acceptable quality for consumers. Within the project we dealt with manufacturing of bread belonging to basic foods. We had examined the enrichment of bread products with four kinds of bran, with a special milling product of grain industry (aleurone flour) and with a soy-based sprouted additive. The applied concentration of the six mentioned additives has been optimized and the physical and sensory properties of the bread products were monitored. The weight of the enriched breads increased slightly, however the volume and height decreased slightly compared to the corresponding data of the control bread. The composition of the final product is favorable affected by these additives having highly preferred composition from nutritional point of view. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bread%20products" title="bread products">bread products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brans" title=" brans"> brans</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=YASO" title=" YASO"> YASO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aleurone%20flour" title=" aleurone flour"> aleurone flour</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27649/bread-quality-improvement-with-special-novel-additives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27649.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">387</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> The Environmental Impact of Geothermal Energy and Opportunities for Its Utilization in Hungary</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20Medve">András Medve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katalin%20Szabad"> Katalin Szabad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Istv%C3%A1n%20Patk%C3%B3"> István Patkó</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> According to the International Energy Association the previous principles of the energy sector should be reassessed, in which renewable energy sources have a significant role. We might witness the exchange of roles of countries from importer to exporter, which look for the main resources of market needs. According to the World Energy Outlook 2013, the duration of high oil prices is exceptionally long in the history of the energy market. Forecasts also point at the expected great differences between the regional prices of gas and electric energy. The energy need of the world will grow by its third. two thirds of which will appear in China, India, and South-East Asia, while only 4 per cent of which will be related to OECD countries. Current trends also forecast the growth of the price of energy sources and the emission of glasshouse gases. As a reflection of these forecasts alternative energy sources will gain value, of which geothermic energy is one of the cheapest and most economical. Hungary possesses outstanding resources of geothermic energy. The aim of the study is to research the environmental effects of geothermic energy and the opportunities of its exploitation in Hungary, related to „Horizon 2020” project. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20energy" title="sustainable energy">sustainable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development%20of%20geothermic%20energy%20in%20Hungary" title=" development of geothermic energy in Hungary "> development of geothermic energy in Hungary </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9895/the-environmental-impact-of-geothermal-energy-and-opportunities-for-its-utilization-in-hungary" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9895.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">603</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Nearly Zero-Energy Regulation and Buildings Built with Prefabricated Technology: The Case of Hungary</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20Horkai">András Horkai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Attila%20Talamon"> Attila Talamon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vikt%C3%B3ria%20Sug%C3%A1r"> Viktória Sugár</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is an urgent need nowadays to reduce energy demand and the current level of greenhouse gas emission and use renewable energy sources increase in energy efficiency. On the other hand, the European Union (EU) countries are largely dependent on energy imports and are vulnerable to disruption in energy supply, which may, in turn, threaten the functioning of their current economic structure. Residential buildings represent a significant part of the energy consumption of the building stock. Only a small part of the building stock is exchanged every year, thus it is essential to increase the energy efficiency of the existing buildings. Present paper focuses on the buildings built with industrialized technology only, and their opportunities in the boundaries of nearly zero-energy regulation. Current paper shows the emergence of panel construction method, and past and present of the ‘panel’ problem in Hungary with a short outlook to Europe. The study shows as well as the possibilities for meeting the nearly zero and cost optimized requirements for residential buildings by analyzing the renovation scenarios of an existing residential typology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20consumption" title=" energy consumption"> energy consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrialized%20technology" title=" industrialized technology"> industrialized technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nearly%20zero-energy%20buildings" title=" nearly zero-energy buildings"> nearly zero-energy buildings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80728/nearly-zero-energy-regulation-and-buildings-built-with-prefabricated-technology-the-case-of-hungary" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80728.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> A New Complex Method for Integrated Warehouse Design in Aspect of Dynamic and Static Capacity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamas%20Hartvanyi">Tamas Hartvanyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zoltan%20Andras%20Nagy"> Zoltan Andras Nagy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miklos%20Szabo"> Miklos Szabo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The dynamic and static capacity are two opposing aspect of warehouse design. Static capacity optimization aims to maximize the space-usage for goods storing, while dynamic capacity needs more free place to handling them. They are opposing by the building structure and the area utilization. According to Pareto principle: the 80% of the goods are the 20% of the variety. From the origin of this statement, it worth to store the big amount of same products by fulfill the space with minimal corridors, meanwhile the rest 20% of goods have the 80% variety of the whole range, so there is more important to be fast-reachable instead of the space utilizing, what makes the space fulfillment numbers worse. The warehouse design decisions made in present practice by intuitive and empiric impressions, the planning method is formed to one selected technology, making this way the structure of the warehouse homogeny. Of course the result can’t be optimal for the inhomogeneous demands. A new innovative model based on our research will be introduced in this paper to describe the technic capacities, what makes possible to define optimal cluster of technology. It is able to optimize the space fulfillment and the dynamic operation together with this cluster application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=warehouse" title="warehouse">warehouse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=warehouse%20capacity" title=" warehouse capacity"> warehouse capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=warehouse%20design%20method" title=" warehouse design method"> warehouse design method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=warehouse%20optimization" title=" warehouse optimization"> warehouse optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127517/a-new-complex-method-for-integrated-warehouse-design-in-aspect-of-dynamic-and-static-capacity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Counteracting Disruptions during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Supply Chains of the Automotive Industry: The Example of Polish Enterprises</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomasz%20Rokicki">Tomasz Rokicki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piotr%20B%C3%B3rawski"> Piotr Bórawski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aneta%20Be%C5%82dycka-B%C3%B3rawska"> Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20Szeber%C3%A9nyi"> András Szeberényi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the article was to present ways to counteract disruptions during the COVID-19 pandemic occurring in the supply chain of enterprises from the automotive industry. The specific objectives are to determine changes in the automotive industry during the pandemic, to show the types of disruptions in supply chains, and how to counteract these unfavorable situations. Enterprises from the automotive industry operating in Poland were deliberately selected for research. Using the purposive sampling method, ten companies from the automotive industry were selected for qualitative research. In-depth research was carried out in selected enterprises using a personal interview. At the beginning of the pandemic, lockdowns and unpredictability were a problem. The key was to protect employees and introduce appropriate procedures. In the later stages of the pandemic, there were restrictions on the timeliness of deliveries and extension of delivery times. There were problems with the shortage of materials, and the costs of products and transport increased. In automotive companies, counteracting the effects of the pandemic consisted of ensuring the safety of employees, maintaining constant contact and communication with branches and headquarters, as well as with suppliers and contractors. Therefore, appropriate communication, cooperation, and flexibility were important. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disruptions" title="disruptions">disruptions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive%20industry" title=" automotive industry"> automotive industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20disruption" title=" supply chain disruption"> supply chain disruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooperation%20in%20supply%20chain" title=" cooperation in supply chain"> cooperation in supply chain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186164/counteracting-disruptions-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-in-the-supply-chains-of-the-automotive-industry-the-example-of-polish-enterprises" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186164.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Rule Based Architecture for Collaborative Multidisciplinary Aircraft Design Optimisation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nickolay%20Jelev">Nickolay Jelev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andy%20Keane"> Andy Keane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carren%20Holden"> Carren Holden</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20S%C3%B3bester"> András Sóbester</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In aircraft design, the jump from the conceptual to preliminary design stage introduces a level of complexity which cannot be realistically handled by a single optimiser, be that a human (chief engineer) or an algorithm. The design process is often partitioned along disciplinary lines, with each discipline given a level of autonomy. This introduces a number of challenges including, but not limited to: coupling of design variables; coordinating disciplinary teams; handling of large amounts of analysis data; reaching an acceptable design within time constraints. A number of classical Multidisciplinary Design Optimisation (MDO) architectures exist in academia specifically designed to address these challenges. Their limited use in the industrial aircraft design process has inspired the authors of this paper to develop an alternative strategy based on well established ideas from Decision Support Systems. The proposed rule based architecture sacrifices possibly elusive guarantees of convergence for an attractive return in simplicity. The method is demonstrated on analytical and aircraft design test cases and its performance is compared to a number of classical distributed MDO architectures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Multidisciplinary%20Design%20Optimisation" title="Multidisciplinary Design Optimisation">Multidisciplinary Design Optimisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rule%20Based%20Architecture" title=" Rule Based Architecture"> Rule Based Architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aircraft%20Design" title=" Aircraft Design"> Aircraft Design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Decision%20Support%20System" title=" Decision Support System"> Decision Support System</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58390/rule-based-architecture-for-collaborative-multidisciplinary-aircraft-design-optimisation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58390.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Analytical Solution of the Boundary Value Problem of Delaminated Doubly-Curved Composite Shells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20Szekr%C3%A9nyes">András Szekrényes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Delamination is one of the major failure modes in laminated composite structures. Delamination tips are mostly captured by spatial numerical models in order to predict crack growth. This paper presents some mechanical models of delaminated composite shells based on shallow shell theories. The mechanical fields are based on a third-order displacement field in terms of the through-thickness coordinate of the laminated shell. The undelaminated and delaminated parts are captured by separate models and the continuity and boundary conditions are also formulated in a general way providing a large size boundary value problem. The system of differential equations is solved by the state space method for an elliptic delaminated shell having simply supported edges. The comparison of the proposed and a numerical model indicates that the primary indicator of the model is the deflection, the secondary is the widthwise distribution of the energy release rate. The model is promising and suitable to determine accurately the J-integral distribution along the delamination front. Based on the proposed model it is also possible to develop finite elements which are able to replace the computationally expensive spatial models of delaminated structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J-integral" title="J-integral">J-integral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=levy%20method" title=" levy method"> levy method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=third-order%20shell%20theory" title=" third-order shell theory"> third-order shell theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20space%20solution" title=" state space solution"> state space solution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110163/analytical-solution-of-the-boundary-value-problem-of-delaminated-doubly-curved-composite-shells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110163.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Analytical and Numerical Investigation of Friction-Restricted Growth and Buckling of Elastic Fibers </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20L.%20Varkonyi">Peter L. Varkonyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andras%20A.%20Sipos"> Andras A. Sipos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The quasi-static growth of elastic fibers is studied in the presence of distributed contact with an immobile surface, subject to isotropic dry or viscous friction. Unlike classical problems of elastic stability modelled by autonomous dynamical systems with multiple time scales (slowly varying bifurcation parameter, and fast system dynamics), this problem can only be formulated as a non-autonomous system without time scale separation. It is found that the fibers initially converge to a trivial, straight configuration, which is later replaced by divergence reminiscent of buckling phenomena. In order to capture the loss of stability, a new definition of exponential stability against infinitesimal perturbations for systems defined over finite time intervals is developed. A semi-analytical method for the determination of the critical length based on eigenvalue analysis is proposed. The post-critical behavior of the fibers is studied numerically by using variational methods. The emerging post-critical shapes and the asymptotic behavior as length goes to infinity are identified for simple spatial distributions of growth. Comparison with physical experiments indicates reasonable accuracy of the theoretical model. Some applications from modeling plant root growth to the design of soft manipulators in robotics are briefly discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buckling" title="buckling">buckling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastica" title=" elastica"> elastica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction" title=" friction"> friction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80631/analytical-and-numerical-investigation-of-friction-restricted-growth-and-buckling-of-elastic-fibers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80631.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Silver Nanoparticle Application in Food Packaging and Impacts on Food Safety and Consumer’s Health</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Worku%20Dejene%20Bekele">Worku Dejene Bekele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20Marczika%20Csilla%20S%C3%B6r%C3%B6s"> András Marczika Csilla Sörös</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Silver nanoparticles are silver metal with a size of 1-100nm. The most common source of silver nanoparticles is inorganic salts. Nanoparticles can be ingested through our foods and constitute nanoparticles and silver ions, whether as an additive or by migrants and, in some cases, as a pollutant. Silver nanoparticles are the most widely applicable engineered nanomaterials, especially for antimicrobial function. Ag nanoparticles give different advantages in the case of food safety, quality, and overall acceptability; however, they affect the health of humans and animals, putting them at risk of health problems and environmental pollution. Silver nanoparticles have been used widely in food packaging technologies, especially in water treatments, meat and meat products, fruit, and many other food products. This is for bio-preservation from food products. The primary goal of this review is to determine the safety and health impact of Ag nanoparticles application in food packaging and analysis of the human organs more affected by this preservative technology, to assess the implications of a nanoparticle on food safety, to determine the effects of nanoparticles on consumers health and to determine the impact of nanotechnology on product acceptability. But currently, much research has demonstrated that there is cause to believe that silver nanoparticles may have toxicological effects on biological organs and systems. The silver nanoparticles affect DNA expression, gastrointestinal barriers, lungs, and other breathing organs illness. Silver particles and molecules are very toxic. During its application in food packaging, food industries used the thinnest particle. This particle can potentially affect the gastrointestinal tracts-it suffers from mucus production, DNA, lungs, and other breezing organs. This review is targeted to demonstrate the knowledge gap that industrials use in the application of silver nanoparticles in food packaging and preservation and its health effects on the consumer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20preservatives" title="food preservatives">food preservatives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20impact" title=" health impact"> health impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticle" title=" nanoparticle"> nanoparticle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silver%20nanoparticle" title=" silver nanoparticle"> silver nanoparticle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183084/silver-nanoparticle-application-in-food-packaging-and-impacts-on-food-safety-and-consumers-health" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183084.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> The Determination of the Phosphorous Solubility in the Iron by the Function of the Other Components</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andras%20Dezs%C5%91">Andras Dezső</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Baumli"> Peter Baumli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=George%20Kaptay"> George Kaptay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The phosphorous is the important components in the steels, because it makes the changing of the mechanical properties and possibly modifying the structure. The phosphorous can be create the Fe3P compounds, what is segregated in the ferrite grain boundary in the intervals of the nano-, or microscale. This intermetallic compound is decreasing the mechanical properties, for example it makes the blue brittleness which means that the brittle created by the segregated particles at 200 ... 300°C. This work describes the phosphide solubility by the other components effect. We make calculations for the Ni, Mo, Cu, S, V, C, Si, Mn, and the Cr elements by the Thermo-Calc software. We predict the effects by approximate functions. The binary Fe-P system has a solubility line, which has a determinating equation. The result is below: lnwo = -3,439 – 1.903/T where the w0 means the weight percent of the maximum soluted concentration of the phosphorous, and the T is the temperature in Kelvin. The equation show that the P more soluble element when the temperature increasing. The nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, silicon, manganese, and the chromium make dependence to the maximum soluted concentration. These functions are more dependent by the elements concentration, which are lower when we put these elements in our steels. The copper, sulphur and carbon do not make effect to the phosphorous solubility. We predict that all of cases the maximum solubility concentration increases when the temperature more and more high. Between 473K and 673 K, in the phase diagram, these systems contain mostly two or three phase eutectoid, and the singe phase, ferritic intervals. In the eutectoid areas the ferrite, the iron-phosphide, and the metal (III)-phospide are in the equilibrium. In these modelling we predicted that which elements are good for avoid the phosphide segregation or not. These datas are important when we make or choose the steels, where the phosphide segregation stopping our possibilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorous" title="phosphorous">phosphorous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel" title=" steel"> steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=segregation" title=" segregation"> segregation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermo-calc%20software" title=" thermo-calc software"> thermo-calc software</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17522/the-determination-of-the-phosphorous-solubility-in-the-iron-by-the-function-of-the-other-components" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17522.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">625</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Soil Bioremediation Monitoring Systems Powered by Microbial Fuel Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20F%C3%BCl%C3%B6p">András Fülöp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lejla%20Heilmann"> Lejla Heilmann</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zsolt%20Szab%C3%B3"> Zsolt Szabó</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%81kos%20Ko%C3%B3s"> Ákos Koós</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) present a sustainable biotechnological solution to future energy demands. The aim of this study was to construct soil based, single cell, membrane-less MFC systems, operated without treatment to continuously power on-site monitoring and control systems during the soil bioremediation processes. Our Pseudomonas aeruginosa 541 isolate is an ideal choice for MFCs, because it is able to produce pyocyanin which behaves as electron-shuttle molecule, furthermore, it also has a significant antimicrobial effect. We tested several materials and structural configurations to obtain long term high power output. Comparing different configurations, a proton exchange membrane-less, 0.6 m long with 0.05 m diameter MFC tubes offered the best long-term performances. The long-term electricity production were tested from starch, yeast extract (YE), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with humic acid (HA) as a mediator. In all cases, 3 kΩ external load have been used. The two best-operated systems were the Pseudomonas aeruginosa 541 containing MFCs with 1 % carboxymethyl cellulose and the MFCs with 1% yeast extract in the anode area and 35% hydrogel in the cathode chamber. The first had 3.3 ± 0.033 mW/m2 and the second had 4.1 ± 0.065 mW/m2 power density values. These systems have operated for 230 days without any treatment. The addition of 0.2 % HA and 1 % YE referred to the volume of the anode area resulted in 1.4 ± 0.035 mW/m2 power densities. The mixture of 1% starch with 0.2 % HA gave 1.82 ± 0.031 mW/m2. Using CMC as retard carbon source takes effect in the long-term bacterial survivor, thus enable the expression of the long term power output. The application of hydrogels in the cathode chamber significantly increased the performance of the MFC units due to their good water retention capacity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbial%20fuel%20cell" title="microbial fuel cell">microbial fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioremediation" title=" bioremediation"> bioremediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pseudomonas%20aeruginosa" title=" Pseudomonas aeruginosa"> Pseudomonas aeruginosa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biotechnological%20solution" title=" biotechnological solution"> biotechnological solution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25292/soil-bioremediation-monitoring-systems-powered-by-microbial-fuel-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25292.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> The Effects of Inoculation and N Fertilization on Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Seed Yield and Protein Concentration under Drought Stress</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oqba%20Basal">Oqba Basal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andras%20Szabo"> Andras Szabo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using mineral fertilization is increasing worldwide, as it is claimed to be majorly responsible for achieving high yields; however, the negative impacts of mineral fertilization on soil and environment are becoming more obvious, with alternative methods being more necessary and applicable, especially with the current climatic changes which have imposed serious abiotic stresses, such as drought. An experiment was made during 2017 growing season in Debrecen, Hungary to investigate the effects of inoculation and N fertilization on the seed yield and protein concentration of the soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivar (Panonia Kincse) under three different irrigation regimes: severe drought stress (SD), moderate drought stress (MD) and control with no drought stress (ND). Three N fertilizer rates were applied: no N fertilizer (0 N), 35 kg ha⁻¹ of N fertilizer (35 N) and 105 kg ha⁻¹ of N fertilizer (105 N). Half of the seeds in each treatment was inoculated with Bradyrhizobium japonicum inoculant, and the other half was not inoculated. The results showed significant differences in the seed yield associated with inoculation, irrigation and the interaction between them, whereas there were no significant differences in the seed yield associated with fertilization alone or in interaction with inoculation or irrigation or both. When seeds were inoculated, yield was increased when (35 N) was applied compared to (0 N) but not significantly; however, the high rate of N fertilizer (105 N) reduced the yield to a level even less than (0 N). When seeds were not inoculated, the highest rate of N increased the yield the most compared to the other two N fertilizer rates whenever the drought was present (moderate or severe). Under severe drought stress, inoculation was positively and significantly correlated with yield; however, adding N fertilizer increased the yield of uninoculated plants compared to the inoculated ones, regardless of the rate of N fertilizer. Protein concentration in the seeds was significantly affected by irrigation and by fertilization, but not by inoculation. Protein concentration increased as the N fertilization rate increased, regardless of the inoculation or irrigation treatments; moreover, increasing the N rate reduced the correlation coefficient of protein concentration with the irrigation. It was concluded that adding N fertilizer is not always recommended, especially when seeds are inoculated before being sown; however, it is very important under severe drought stress to sustain yield. Enhanced protein concentrations could be achieved by applying N fertilization, whether the seeds were pre-inoculated or not. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drought%20stress" title="drought stress">drought stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N%20fertilization" title=" N fertilization"> N fertilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein%20concentration" title=" protein concentration"> protein concentration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soybean" title=" soybean"> soybean</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86947/the-effects-of-inoculation-and-n-fertilization-on-soybean-glycine-max-l-merr-seed-yield-and-protein-concentration-under-drought-stress" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86947.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies in 9–14-Year-Old Hungarian Children with Neurotypical Development in the Light of the Hungarian Version of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dorottya%20Horv%C3%A1th">Dorottya Horváth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andras%20Lang"> Andras Lang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diana%20Varro-Horvath"> Diana Varro-Horvath</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research activity and study is part of a major research effort to gain an integrative, neuropsychological, and personality psychological understanding of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and thus improve the specification of diagnostic and therapeutic care. In the past, the neuropsychology section has investigated working memory, executive function, attention, and behavioural manifestations in children. Currently, we are looking for personality psychological protective factors for ADHD and its symptomatic exacerbation. We hypothesise that secure attachment, adaptive emotion regulation, and high resilience are protective factors. The aim of this study is to measure and report the results of a Hungarian sample of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Children (CERQ-k) because before studying groups with different developmental differences, it is essential to know the average scores of groups with neurotypical devel-opment. Until now, there was no Hungarian version of the above test, so we used our own translation. This questionnaire has been developed to assess children's thoughts after experiencing negative life events. It consists of 4-4 items per subscale, for a total of 36 items. The response categories for each item range from 1 (almost never) to 5 (almost always). The subscales were self-blame, blaming others, acceptance, planning, positive refocusing, rumination or thought-focusing, positive reappraisal, putting into perspective, and catastrophizing. The data for this study were collected from 120 children aged 9-14 years. It was analysed using descriptive statistical analysis, where the mean and standard deviation values for each age group, as well as the Cronbach's alpha value, were significant in testing the reliability of the questionnaire. The results showed that the questionnaire is a reliable and valid measuring instrument also on a Hungarian sample. These developments and results will allow the use of a version of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for children in Hungarian and pave the way for the study of different developmental groups such as children with learning disabilities and/or with ADHD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neurotypical%20development" title="neurotypical development">neurotypical development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotion%20regulation" title=" emotion regulation"> emotion regulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negative%20life%20events" title=" negative life events"> negative life events</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CERQ-k" title=" CERQ-k"> CERQ-k</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hungarian%20average%20scores" title=" Hungarian average scores"> Hungarian average scores</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175671/cognitive-emotion-regulation-strategies-in-9-14-year-old-hungarian-children-with-neurotypical-development-in-the-light-of-the-hungarian-version-of-cognitive-emotion-regulation-questionnaire-for-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/175671.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Enhancing Cultural Heritage Data Retrieval by Mapping COURAGE to CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghazal%20Faraj">Ghazal Faraj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andras%20Micsik"> Andras Micsik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM) is an extensible ontology that provides integrated access to heterogeneous and digital datasets. The CIDOC-CRM offers a “semantic glue” intended to promote accessibility to several diverse and dispersed sources of cultural heritage data. That is achieved by providing a formal structure for the implicit and explicit concepts and their relationships in the cultural heritage field. The COURAGE (“Cultural Opposition – Understanding the CultuRal HeritAGE of Dissent in the Former Socialist Countries”) project aimed to explore methods about socialist-era cultural resistance during 1950-1990 and planned to serve as a basis for further narratives and digital humanities (DH) research. This project highlights the diversity of flourished alternative cultural scenes in Eastern Europe before 1989. Moreover, the dataset of COURAGE is an online RDF-based registry that consists of historical people, organizations, collections, and featured items. For increasing the inter-links between different datasets and retrieving more relevant data from various data silos, a shared federated ontology for reconciled data is needed. As a first step towards these goals, a full understanding of the CIDOC CRM ontology (target ontology), as well as the COURAGE dataset, was required to start the work. Subsequently, the queries toward the ontology were determined, and a table of equivalent properties from COURAGE and CIDOC CRM was created. The structural diagrams that clarify the mapping process and construct queries are on progress to map person, organization, and collection entities to the ontology. Through mapping the COURAGE dataset to CIDOC-CRM ontology, the dataset will have a common ontological foundation with several other datasets. Therefore, the expected results are: 1) retrieving more detailed data about existing entities, 2) retrieving new entities’ data, 3) aligning COURAGE dataset to a standard vocabulary, 4) running distributed SPARQL queries over several CIDOC-CRM datasets and testing the potentials of distributed query answering using SPARQL. The next plan is to map CIDOC-CRM to other upper-level ontologies or large datasets (e.g., DBpedia, Wikidata), and address similar questions on a wide variety of knowledge bases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CIDOC%20CRM" title="CIDOC CRM">CIDOC CRM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20heritage%20data" title=" cultural heritage data"> cultural heritage data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COURAGE%20dataset" title=" COURAGE dataset"> COURAGE dataset</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ontology%20alignment" title=" ontology alignment"> ontology alignment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129747/enhancing-cultural-heritage-data-retrieval-by-mapping-courage-to-cidoc-conceptual-reference-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129747.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Effective Medium Approximations for Modeling Ellipsometric Responses from Zinc Dialkyldithiophosphates (ZDDP) Tribofilms Formed on Sliding Surfaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Miranda-Medina">Maria Miranda-Medina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Salopek"> Sara Salopek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andras%20Vernes"> Andras Vernes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Jech"> Martin Jech</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sliding lubricated surfaces induce the formation of tribofilms that reduce friction, wear and prevent large-scale damage of contact parts. Engine oils and lubricants use antiwear and antioxidant additives such as zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) from where protective tribofilms are formed by degradation. The ZDDP tribofilms are described as a two-layer structure composed of inorganic polymer material. On the top surface, the long chain polyphosphate is a zinc phosphate and in the bulk, the short chain polyphosphate is a mixed Fe/Zn phosphate with a gradient concentration. The polyphosphate chains are partially adherent to steel surface through a sulfide and work as anti-wear pads. In this contribution, ZDDP tribofilms formed on gray cast iron surfaces are studied. The tribofilms were generated in a reciprocating sliding tribometer with a piston ring-cylinder liner configuration. Fully formulated oil of SAE grade 5W-30 was used as lubricant during two tests at 40Hz and 50Hz. For the estimation of the tribofilm thicknesses, spectroscopic ellipsometry was used due to its high accuracy and non-destructive nature. Ellipsometry works under an optical principle where the change in polarisation of light reflected by the surface, is associated with the refractive index of the surface material or to the thickness of the layer deposited on top. Ellipsometrical responses derived from tribofilms are modelled by effective medium approximation (EMA), which includes the refractive index of involved materials, homogeneity of the film and thickness. The materials composition was obtained from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies, where the presence of ZDDP, O and C was confirmed. From EMA models it was concluded that tribofilms formed at 40 Hz are thicker and more homogeneous than the ones formed at 50 Hz. In addition, the refractive index of each material is mixed to derive an effective refractive index that describes the optical composition of the tribofilm and exhibits a maximum response in the UV range, being a characteristic of glassy semitransparent films. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20medium%20approximation" title="effective medium approximation">effective medium approximation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reciprocating%20sliding%20tribometer" title=" reciprocating sliding tribometer"> reciprocating sliding tribometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectroscopic%20ellipsometry" title=" spectroscopic ellipsometry"> spectroscopic ellipsometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc%20dialkyldithiophosphate" title=" zinc dialkyldithiophosphate"> zinc dialkyldithiophosphate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55123/effective-medium-approximations-for-modeling-ellipsometric-responses-from-zinc-dialkyldithiophosphates-zddp-tribofilms-formed-on-sliding-surfaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Fast Estimation of Fractional Process Parameters in Rough Financial Models Using Artificial Intelligence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D%C3%A1vid%20Kov%C3%A1cs">Dávid Kovács</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B%C3%A1lint%20Csan%C3%A1dy"> Bálint Csanády</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D%C3%A1niel%20Boros"> Dániel Boros</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iv%C3%A1n%20Ivkovic"> Iván Ivkovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L%C3%B3r%C3%A1nt%20Nagy"> Lóránt Nagy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalma%20T%C3%B3th-Lakits"> Dalma Tóth-Lakits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3%20M%C3%A1rkus"> László Márkus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20Luk%C3%A1cs"> András Lukács</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The modeling practice of financial instruments has seen significant change over the last decade due to the recognition of time-dependent and stochastically changing correlations among the market prices or the prices and market characteristics. To represent this phenomenon, the Stochastic Correlation Process (SCP) has come to the fore in the joint modeling of prices, offering a more nuanced description of their interdependence. This approach has allowed for the attainment of realistic tail dependencies, highlighting that prices tend to synchronize more during intense or volatile trading periods, resulting in stronger correlations. Evidence in statistical literature suggests that, similarly to the volatility, the SCP of certain stock prices follows rough paths, which can be described using fractional differential equations. However, estimating parameters for these equations often involves complex and computation-intensive algorithms, creating a necessity for alternative solutions. In this regard, the Fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (fOU) process from the family of fractional processes offers a promising path. We can effectively describe the rough SCP by utilizing certain transformations of the fOU. We employed neural networks to understand the behavior of these processes. We had to develop a fast algorithm to generate a valid and suitably large sample from the appropriate process to train the network. With an extensive training set, the neural network can estimate the process parameters accurately and efficiently. Although the initial focus was the fOU, the resulting model displayed broader applicability, thus paving the way for further investigation of other processes in the realm of financial mathematics. The utility of SCP extends beyond its immediate application. It also serves as a springboard for a deeper exploration of fractional processes and for extending existing models that use ordinary Wiener processes to fractional scenarios. In essence, deploying both SCP and fractional processes in financial models provides new, more accurate ways to depict market dynamics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20Ornstein-Uhlenbeck%20process" title="fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process">fractional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractional%20stochastic%20processes" title=" fractional stochastic processes"> fractional stochastic processes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heston%20model" title=" Heston model"> Heston model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20networks" title=" neural networks"> neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20correlation" title=" stochastic correlation"> stochastic correlation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20differential%20equations" title=" stochastic differential equations"> stochastic differential equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20volatility" title=" stochastic volatility"> stochastic volatility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170700/fast-estimation-of-fractional-process-parameters-in-rough-financial-models-using-artificial-intelligence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170700.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">118</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Preparation and Characterization of CO-Tolerant Electrocatalyst for PEM Fuel Cell</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%81d%C3%A1m%20Vass">Ádám Vass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Istv%C3%A1n%20Bakos"> István Bakos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irina%20Borb%C3%A1th"> Irina Borbáth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zolt%C3%A1n%20P%C3%A1szti"> Zoltán Pászti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Istv%C3%A1n%20Saj%C3%B3"> István Sajó</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20Tompos"> András Tompos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Important requirements for the anode side electrocatalysts of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells are CO-tolerance, stability and corrosion resistance. Carbon is still the most common material for electrocatalyst supports due to its low cost, high electrical conductivity and high surface area, which can ensure good dispersion of the Pt. However, carbon becomes degraded at higher potentials and it causes problem during application. Therefore it is important to explore alternative materials with improved stability. Molybdenum-oxide can improve the CO-tolerance of the Pt/C catalysts, but it is prone to leach in acidic electrolyte. The Mo was stabilized by isovalent substitution of molybdenum into the rutile phase titanium-dioxide lattice, achieved by a modified multistep sol-gel synthesis method optimized for preparation of Ti0.7Mo.3O2-C composite. High degree of Mo incorporation into the rutile lattice was developed. The conductivity and corrosion resistance across the anticipated potential/pH window was ensured by mixed oxide – activated carbon composite. Platinum loading was carried out using NaBH4 and ethylene glycol; platinum content was 40 wt%. The electrocatalyst was characterized by both material investigating methods (i.e. XRD, TEM, EDS, XPS techniques) and electrochemical methods (cyclic-voltammetry, COads stripping voltammetry, hydrogen oxidation reaction on rotating disc electrode). The electrochemical activity of the sample was compared to commercial 40 wt% Pt/C (Quintech) and PtRu/C (Quintech, Pt= 20 wt%, Ru= 10 wt%) references. Enhanced CO tolerance of the electrocatalyst prepared using the Ti0.7Mo.3O2-C composite material was evidenced by the appearance of a CO-oxidation related 'pre-peak' and by the pronounced shift of the maximum of the main CO oxidation peak towards less positive potential compared to Pt/C. Fuel cell polarization measurements were also carried out using Bio-Logic and Paxitech FCT-150S test device. All details on the design, preparation, characterization and testing by both electrochemical measurements and fuel cell test device of electrocatalyst supported on Ti0.7Mo.3O2-C composite material will be presented and discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anode%20electrocatalyst" title="anode electrocatalyst">anode electrocatalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20material" title=" composite material"> composite material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO-tolerance" title=" CO-tolerance"> CO-tolerance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TiMoOx" title=" TiMoOx"> TiMoOx</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60531/preparation-and-characterization-of-co-tolerant-electrocatalyst-for-pem-fuel-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60531.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> The Effects of Drought and Nitrogen on Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) Physiology and Yield</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oqba%20Basal">Oqba Basal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A1s%20Szab%C3%B3"> András Szabó</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Legume crops are able to fix atmospheric nitrogen by the symbiotic relation with specific bacteria, which allows the use of the mineral nitrogen-fertilizer to be reduced, or even excluded, resulting in more profit for the farmers and less pollution for the environment. Soybean (<em>Glycine max</em> (L.) Merrill) is one of the most important legumes with its high content of both protein and oil. However, it is recommended to combine the two nitrogen sources under stress conditions in order to overcome its negative effects. Drought stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses that increasingly limits soybean yields. A precise rate of mineral nitrogen under drought conditions is not confirmed, as it depends on many factors; soybean yield-potential and soil-nitrogen content to name a few. An experiment was conducted during 2017 growing season in Debrecen, Hungary to investigate the effects of nitrogen source on the physiology and the yield of the soybean cultivar '<em>Boglár</em>'. Three N-fertilizer rates including no N-fertilizer (0 N), 35 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> of N-fertilizer (35 N) and 105 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> of N-fertilizer (105 N) were applied under three different irrigation regimes; severe drought stress (SD), moderate drought stress (MD) and control with no drought stress (ND). Half of the seeds in each treatment were pre-inoculated with <em>Bradyrhizobium japonicum</em> inoculant. The overall results showed significant differences associated with fertilization and irrigation, but not with inoculation. Increasing N rate was mostly accompanied with increased chlorophyll content and leaf area index, whereas it positively affected the plant height only when the drought was waived off. Plant height was the lowest under severe drought, regardless of inoculation and N-fertilizer application and rate. Inoculation increased the yield when there was no drought, and a low rate of N-fertilizer increased the yield furthermore; however, the high rate of N-fertilizer decreased the yield to a level even less than the inoculated control. On the other hand, the yield of non-inoculated plants increased as the N-fertilizer rate increased. Under drought conditions, adding N-fertilizer increased the yield of the non-inoculated plants compared to their inoculated counterparts; moreover, the high rate of N-fertilizer resulted in the best yield. Regardless of inoculation, the mean yield of the three fertilization rates was better when the water amount increased. It was concluded that applying N-fertilizer to provide the nitrogen needed by soybean plants, with the absence of N<sub>2</sub>-fixation process, is very important. Moreover, adding relatively high rate of N-fertilizer is very important under severe drought stress to alleviate the drought negative effects. Further research to recommend the best N-fertilizer rate to inoculated soybean under drought stress conditions should be executed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drought%20stress" title="drought stress">drought stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inoculation" title=" inoculation"> inoculation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N-fertilizer" title=" N-fertilizer"> N-fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soybean%20physiology" title=" soybean physiology"> soybean physiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield" title=" yield"> yield</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92750/the-effects-of-drought-and-nitrogen-on-soybean-glycine-max-l-merrill-physiology-and-yield" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92750.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andras%20Torma&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andras%20Torma&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a 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