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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contenidos" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambiar a la tabla de contenidos" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Cambiar a la tabla de contenidos </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Semimetal</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artículo en otro idioma. Disponible en 91 idiomas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-91" aria-hidden="true" > 91 idiomas </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallo%C3%AFed" title="Metalloïed (afrikáans)" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Metalloïed" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikáans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaloide" title="Metaloide (aragonés)" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Metaloide" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A8%D9%87_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B2" title="شبه فلز (árabe)" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شبه فلز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaloide" title="Metaloide (asturiano)" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Metaloide" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalloidl%C9%99r" title="Metalloidlər (azerbaiyano)" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Metalloidlər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaiyano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Паўметалы (bielorruso)" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Паўметалы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorruso" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BC%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Паўмэталы (Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography))" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Паўмэталы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Металоид (búlgaro)" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Металоид" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA" title="ধাতুকল্প (bengalí)" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ধাতুকল্প" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polumetali" title="Polumetali (bosnio)" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Polumetali" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnio" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semimetall" title="Semimetall (catalán)" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Semimetall" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B4i-g%C4%ADng-s%E1%B9%B3%CC%86k" title="Lôi-gĭng-sṳ̆k (Mindong)" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Lôi-gĭng-sṳ̆k" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polokovy" title="Polokovy (checo)" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Polokovy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Металлоид (chuvasio)" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Металлоид" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chuvasio" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaloid" title="Metaloid (galés)" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Metaloid" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galés" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halvmetal" title="Halvmetal (danés)" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Halvmetal" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halbmetalle" title="Halbmetalle (alemán)" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Halbmetalle" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%AE" title="Μεταλλοειδή (griego)" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μεταλλοειδή" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="griego" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artículo destacado"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalloid" title="Metalloid (inglés)" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Metalloid" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaloido" title="Metaloido (esperanto)" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Metaloido" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poolmetallid" title="Poolmetallid (estonio)" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Poolmetallid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonio" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaloide" title="Metaloide (euskera)" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Metaloide" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="euskera" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A8%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B2" title="شبه‌فلز (persa)" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شبه‌فلز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puolimetalli" title="Puolimetalli (finés)" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Puolimetalli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finés" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9tallo%C3%AFde" title="Métalloïde (francés)" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Métalloïde" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hualewmetal" title="Hualewmetal (frisón septentrional)" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Hualewmetal" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisón septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miotal%C3%B3ideach" title="Miotalóideach (irlandés)" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Miotalóideach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaloide" title="Metaloide (gallego)" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Metaloide" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallego" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuarepoti_nunga" title="Kuarepoti nunga (guaraní)" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Kuarepoti nunga" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A7%E0%AA%A7%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%81" title="અર્ધધાતુ (guyaratí)" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="અર્ધધાતુ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="guyaratí" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lui-k%C3%AEm-su%CC%8Dk" title="Lui-kîm-su̍k (chino hakka)" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Lui-kîm-su̍k" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="chino hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%9B%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%A6%D7%94" title="מתכת למחצה (hebreo)" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מתכת למחצה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreo" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81" title="उपधातु (hindi)" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उपधातु" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalloid" title="Metalloid (Fiji Hindi)" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Metalloid" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polumetali" title="Polumetali (croata)" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Polumetali" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A9lf%C3%A9mek" title="Félfémek (húngaro)" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Félfémek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalloide" title="Metalloide (interlingua)" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Metalloide" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaloid" title="Metaloid (indonesio)" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Metaloid" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesio" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaloido" title="Metaloido (ido)" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Metaloido" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1lmungur" title="Málmungur (islandés)" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Málmungur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalloide" title="Metalloide (italiano)" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Metalloide" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artículo bueno"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="半金属 (japonés)" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="半金属" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaloid" title="Metaloid (javanés)" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Metaloid" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanés" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azunsin" title="Azunsin (cabileño)" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Azunsin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="cabileño" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AD" title="ಲೋಹಾಭ (canarés)" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಲೋಹಾಭ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="canarés" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%80%EA%B8%88%EC%86%8D" title="준금속 (coreano)" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="준금속" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Металлоиддер (kirguís)" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Металлоиддер" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalloides" title="Metalloides (latín)" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Metalloides" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latín" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalloied" title="Metalloied (limburgués)" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Metalloied" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgués" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-metai" title="Semi-metai (lombardo)" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Semi-metai" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pusmetaliai" title="Pusmetaliai (lituano)" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pusmetaliai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pusmet%C4%81li" title="Pusmetāli (letón)" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pusmetāli" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letón" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Металоид (macedonio)" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Металоид" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonio" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE" title="ഉപലോഹങ്ങൾ (malayálam)" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഉപലോഹങ്ങൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayálam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaloid" title="Metaloid (malayo)" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Metaloid" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%80%90%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%AF" title="တပိုင်းသတ္တု (birmano)" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တပိုင်းသတ္တု" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmano" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halfmetall" title="Halfmetall (bajo alemán)" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Halfmetall" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="bajo alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallo%C3%AFde" title="Metalloïde (neerlandés)" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Metalloïde" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halvmetall" title="Halvmetall (noruego nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Halvmetall" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruego nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halvmetall" title="Halvmetall (noruego bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Halvmetall" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruego bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallo%C3%AFd" title="Metalloïd (occitano)" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Metalloïd" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gariin_sibiila" title="Gariin sibiila (oromo)" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Gariin sibiila" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86%D1%80%D0%B4%C3%A6%D0%B3%D0%B7%D0%B3%D1%8A%C3%A6%D1%80%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Æрдæгзгъæртæ (osético)" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Æрдæгзгъæртæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osético" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE" title="ਧਾਤਨੁਮਾ (punyabí)" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਧਾਤਨੁਮਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punyabí" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3%C5%82metale" title="Półmetale (polaco)" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Półmetale" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semimetal" title="Semimetal (portugués)" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Semimetal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaqa_q%27illay" title="Yaqa q'illay (quechua)" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Yaqa q'illay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaloid" title="Metaloid (rumano)" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Metaloid" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Полуметаллы (ruso)" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Полуметаллы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruso" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Металлоид (sakha)" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Металлоид" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalloid" title="Metalloid (escocés)" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Metalloid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="escocés" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaloid" title="Metaloid (serbocroata)" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Metaloid" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroata" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polokov" title="Polokov (eslovaco)" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Polokov" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polkovina" title="Polkovina (esloveno)" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Polkovina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bir_la_Mood" title="Bir la Mood (somalí)" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Bir la Mood" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalí" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaloid" title="Metaloid (serbio)" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Metaloid" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbio" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halvmetall" title="Halvmetall (sueco)" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Halvmetall" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF" title="உலோகப்போலி (tamil)" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உலோகப்போலி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%8A" title="ಲೋಹಾಬೊ (Tulu)" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಲೋಹಾಬೊ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">ತುಳು</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B6%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B0" title="ธาตุกึ่งโลหะ (tailandés)" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ธาตุกึ่งโลหะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandés" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yar%C4%B1_metal" title="Yarı metal (turco)" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yarı metal" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Напівметали (ucraniano)" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Напівметали" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81_kim" title="Á kim (vietnamita)" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Á kim" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaloyd" title="Metaloyd (waray)" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Metaloyd" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B1%BB%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="类金属 (chino wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="类金属" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chino wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%9F" title="האלבמעטאלן (yidis)" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="האלבמעטאלן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yidis" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li 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class="mw-redirect" title="Carbonoideo">14</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Nitrogenoideos" class="mw-redirect" title="Nitrogenoideos">15</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Calc%C3%B3geno" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcógeno">16</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Hal%C3%B3geno" class="mw-redirect" title="Halógeno">17</a> </th></tr> <tr style="color:#669966;"> <th>2 </th> <td style="background:#ff4444; color:#000000">B <a href="/wiki/Boro" title="Boro">Boro</a> </td> <td style="background:#c0ffff">C Carbono </td> <td style="background:#c0ffff">N Nitrógeno </td> <td style="background:#c0ffff">O Oxígeno </td> <td style="background:#c0ffff">F Flúor </td></tr> <tr style="color:#669966;"> <th>3 </th> <td style="background:#ffddff">Al Aluminio </td> <td style="background:#ff4444; color:#000000">Si <a href="/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio">Silicio</a> </td> <td style="background:#c0ffff">P Fósforo </td> <td style="background:#c0ffff">S Azufre </td> <td style="background:#c0ffff">Cl Cloro </td></tr> <tr style="color:#669966;"> <th>4 </th> <td style="background:#ffddff">Ga Galio </td> <td style="background:#ff4444; color:#000000">Ge <a href="/wiki/Germanio" title="Germanio">Germanio</a> </td> <td style="background:#ff4444; color:#000000">As <a href="/wiki/Ars%C3%A9nico" title="Arsénico">Arsénico</a> </td> <td style="background:#c0ffff">Se Selenio </td> <td style="background:#c0ffff">Br Bromo </td></tr> <tr style="color:#669966;"> <th>5 </th> <td style="background:#ffddff">In Indio </td> <td style="background:#ffddff">Sn Estaño </td> <td style="background:#ff4444; color:#000000">Sb <a href="/wiki/Antimonio" title="Antimonio">Antimonio</a> </td> <td style="background:#ff4444; color:#000000">Te <a href="/wiki/Telurio" title="Telurio">Telurio</a> </td> <td style="background:#c0ffff">I Iodo </td></tr> <tr style="color:#669966;"> <th>6 </th> <td style="background:#ffddff">Tl Talio </td> <td style="background:#ffddff">Pb Plomo </td> <td style="background:#ffddff">Bi Bismuto </td> <td style="background:#ff4444; color:#000000">Po <a href="/wiki/Polonio" title="Polonio">Polonio</a> </td> <td style="background:#c0ffff">At Astato </td></tr></tbody></table> Como con los <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metales</a> y los <a href="/wiki/No_metal" title="No metal">no metales</a>, los semimetales (también conocidos como metaloides) comprenden una de las tres categorías de <a href="/wiki/Elemento_qu%C3%ADmico" title="Elemento químico">elementos químicos</a> siguiendo una clasificación de acuerdo con las propiedades de enlace e <a href="/wiki/Ionizaci%C3%B3n" title="Ionización">ionización</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> Se caracterizan por presentar un comportamiento intermedio entre los metales y los no metales, compartiendo características de ambos. Por norma general y en la mayoría de los casos, tienden a reaccionar químicamente con <a href="/wiki/No_metal" title="No metal">no metales</a>, aunque hay ciertos compuestos formados por <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metal</a> y semimetal como por ejemplo el <a href="/wiki/Boruro_de_magnesio" title="Boruro de magnesio">boruro de magnesio</a>. Pueden ser tanto brillantes como opacos, y su forma puede cambiar fácilmente. Generalmente, los metaloides son mejores conductores de calor y de electricidad que los no metales, pero no tanto como los metales. No hay una forma unívoca de distinguir los metaloides de los metales verdaderos, pero generalmente se diferencian en que los <a href="/wiki/Metaloides" class="mw-redirect" title="Metaloides">metaloides</a> son <a href="/wiki/Semiconductor" title="Semiconductor">semiconductores</a> antes que <a href="/wiki/Conductor_el%C3%A9ctrico" title="Conductor eléctrico">conductores</a>. A diferencia de los metales, los cuales al aumentar la <a href="/wiki/Temperatura" title="Temperatura">temperatura</a> disminuye su conductividad eléctrica, en los semimetales aumentar la temperatura supone lo contrario, aumenta su conductividad eléctrica. Los no metales son opacos y de varios colores. Suelen ser utilizados en ocasiones para formar <a href="/wiki/Aleaci%C3%B3n" title="Aleación">aleaciones</a>. Pueden ser <a href="/wiki/Anf%C3%B3tero" title="Anfótero">anfóteros</a> o levemente <a href="/wiki/%C3%81cido" title="Ácido">ácidos</a>. Son considerados metaloides los siguientes elementos: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boro" title="Boro">Boro</a> (B)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio">Silicio</a> (Si)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanio" title="Germanio">Germanio</a> (Ge)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ars%C3%A9nico" title="Arsénico">Arsénico</a> (As)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telurio" title="Telurio">Telurio</a> (Te)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polonio" title="Polonio">Polonio</a> (Po)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antimonio" title="Antimonio">Antimonio</a> (Sb)</li></ul> Dentro de la <a href="/wiki/Tabla_peri%C3%B3dica_de_los_elementos" title="Tabla periódica de los elementos">tabla periódica</a> los metaloides se encuentran en línea diagonal desde el boro al <a href="/wiki/%C3%81stato" class="mw-redirect" title="Ástato">ástato</a> (este último no está incluido). Los elementos que se encuentran encima a la derecha son no metales, y los que se encuentran debajo a la izquierda son metales. Todos estos elementos poseen tres <a href="/wiki/Electr%C3%B3n_de_valencia" title="Electrón de valencia">electrones de valencia</a> o más en su última órbita (B 3, Si 4, Ge 4, As 5, Sb 5, Te 6, Po 6). El <a href="/wiki/Silicio" title="Silicio">silicio</a>, por ejemplo, es un metaloide ampliamente utilizado en la fabricación de elementos semiconductores para la industria <a href="/wiki/Electr%C3%B3nica" title="Electrónica">electrónica</a>, como <a href="/wiki/Rectificador" title="Rectificador">rectificadores</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diodos" class="mw-redirect" title="Diodos">diodos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transistor" title="Transistor">transistores</a>, <a href="/wiki/Circuito_integrado" title="Circuito integrado">circuitos integrados</a> y <a href="/wiki/Microprocesador" title="Microprocesador">microprocesadores</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definiciones">Definiciones</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Semimetal&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar sección: Definiciones">editar</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Basado_en_el_juicio">Basado en el juicio</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Semimetal&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar sección: Basado en el juicio">editar</a>]</div> Un metaloide es un elemento que posee una preponderancia de propiedades intermedias, o que son una mezcla de las de los metales y los no metales, y que, por tanto, es difícil de clasificar como metal o como no metal. Se trata de una definición genérica que se basa en los atributos de los metaloides que se citan sistemáticamente en la literatura Siguen las definiciones y los extractos de diferentes autores, que ilustran aspectos de la definición genérica: <ul><li>"En química un metaloide es un elemento con propiedades intermedias entre las de los metales y las de los no metales"<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></li> <li>"Entre los metales y los no metales de la tabla periódica encontramos elementos ... [que] comparten algunas de las propiedades características tanto de los metales como de los no metales, lo que hace difícil situarlos en cualquiera de estas dos categorías principales"<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></li> <li>"Los químicos a veces utilizan el nombre de metaloide ... para estos elementos que son difíciles de clasificar de una manera u otra"<a href="#cite_note-Hill_2000,_p._41-4">[4]</a></li> <li>"Dado que los rasgos que distinguen a los metales de los no metales son bombomclat cualitativa, algunos elementos no caen inequívocamente en ninguna de las dos categorías. Estos elementos ... se llaman metaloides ..."<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></li></ul> Más ampliamente, los metaloides han sido denominados como: <ul><li>"elementos que ... son una especie de cruce entre metales y no metales";<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> o</li> <li>"elementos extraños intermedios".<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></li></ul> La dificultad de categorización es un atributo clave. La mayoría de los elementos tienen una mezcla de propiedades metálicas y no metálicas,<a href="#cite_note-Hopkins-8">[8]</a> y pueden clasificarse en función de qué conjunto de propiedades sea más pronunciado.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> El <a href="/wiki/Oro" title="Oro">oro</a>, por ejemplo, tiene propiedades mixtas pero sigue siendo reconocido como el "rey de los metales". Además del comportamiento metálico (como la alta conductividad eléctrica, y la formación de <a href="/wiki/Cationes" class="mw-redirect" title="Cationes">cationes</a>), el oro muestra un comportamiento no metálico: <ul><li>Tiene el <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tabla_de_potenciales_de_electrodo_est%C3%A1ndar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tabla de potenciales de electrodo estándar (aún no redactado)">más alto</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/redoxeqia/introduction.html">potencial de electrodo</a></li> <li>Tiene la tercera mayor <a href="/wiki/Energ%C3%ADa_de_ionizaci%C3%B3n" title="Energía de ionización">energía de ionización</a> entre los metales (después del <a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">zinc</a> y el <a href="/wiki/Mercurio_(elemento)" title="Mercurio (elemento)">mercurio</a>)</li> <li>Posee la mayor afinidad de electrón</li> <li>Su <a href="/w/index.php?title=Electronegativida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electronegativida (aún no redactado)">electronegativida</a> de 2.54 es la mayor entre los metales y supera a a la de algunos semimetales (<a href="/wiki/Hidr%C3%B3geno" title="Hidrógeno">hidrógeno</a> 2.2; <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B3sforo" title="Fósforo">fósforo</a> 2.19; y <a href="/wiki/Rad%C3%B3n" title="Radón">radón</a> 2.2)</li> <li>Forma el anión auridio Au−, donde en este caso actúa como un <a href="/wiki/Hal%C3%B3geno" class="mw-redirect" title="Halógeno">halógeno</a></li> <li>A veces presenta una tendencia, denominada "<a href="/wiki/Aurofilicidad" title="Aurofilicidad">aurofilicidad</a>", a vincularse consigo mismo.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></li></ul> Sobre su naturaleza de halógeno ver Belpassi et al.,<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> quién indica que en ellos áuridos MAu (M = <a href="/wiki/Metal_alcalino" class="mw-redirect" title="Metal alcalino">Li–Cs</a>) el oro "se comporta como un halógeno, intermedio entre el <a href="/wiki/Bromo" title="Bromo">Br</a> y el <a href="/wiki/Iodo" class="mw-redirect" title="Iodo">I</a>"; sobre aurofilicidad ver Schmidbaur and Schier.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> Solo los elementos en o cerca de los márgenes, que carecen de una preponderancia suficientemente clara de propiedades metálicas o no metálicas, se clasifican como metaloides..<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> El boro, silicio, germanio, arsénico, antimonio y teluro normalmente son identificados como metaloides.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[n 1]</a> Otros autores se han basado, por ejemplo, en la conductancia atómica<a href="#cite_note-19">[n 2]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[18]</a> o <a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAmero_de_coordinaci%C3%B3n" title="Número de coordinación">número de coordinación</a> global.<a href="#cite_note-21">[19]</a> Jones, al escribir sobre el papel de la clasificación en la ciencia, observó que "[las clases] generalmente se definen por más de dos atributos".<a href="#cite_note-22">[20]</a> Masterton and Slowinski<a href="#cite_note-23">[21]</a> utilizaron tres criterios para describir los seis elementos comúnmente reconocidos como metaloides: los metaloides tienen <a href="/wiki/Energ%C3%ADa_de_ionizaci%C3%B3n" title="Energía de ionización">energías de ionización</a> alrededor de 200 kcal/mol (837 kJ/mol) y valores de electronegatividad cercanos a 2,0. También dijeron que los metaloides son típicamente semiconductores, aunque el antimonio y el arsénico (semimetales desde una perspectiva física) tienen conductividades eléctricas que se acercan a las de los metales. Se sospecha que el selenio y el polonio no están en este esquema, mientras que el estatus de la astatina es incierto.<a href="#cite_note-26">[n 3]</a> En este contexto, Vernon propuso que un metaloide es un elemento químico que, en su estado estándar, tiene (a) la estructura de banda electrónica de un semiconductor o un semimetal; y (b) un primer potencial de ionización intermedio "(digamos 750-1.000 kJ/mol)"; y (c) una electronegatividad intermedia (1,9-2,2).<a href="#cite_note-27">[24]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notas">Notas</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Semimetal&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar sección: Notas">editar</a>]</div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a> Como la relación se basa en argumentos clásicos<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> no da cabida al hallazgo de que el polonio, que tiene un valor de ~0,95, adopta una estructura metálica (en lugar de <a href="/wiki/Covalente" class="mw-redirect" title="Covalente">covalente</a>) <a href="/wiki/Cristalina" class="mw-redirect" title="Cristalina">cristalina</a>, por motivos <a href="/wiki/Qu%C3%ADmica_cu%C3%A1ntica_relativista" title="Química cuántica relativista">relativista</a>.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> Even so it offers a <a href="https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/first-order" class="extiw" title="wikt:first-order">first order</a> rationalization for the occurrence of metallic character amongst the elements.<a href="#cite_note-edwards695-17">[17]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a> Atomic conductance is the electrical conductivity of one mole of a substance. It is equal to electrical conductivity divided by molar volume.<a href="#cite_note-Hill_2000,_p._41-4">[4]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a> El selenio tiene una energía de ionización (IE) de 225 kcal/mol (941 kJ/mol) y a veces se describe como un semiconductor. Tiene una electronegatividad (EN) relativamente alta de 2,55. El polonio tiene un IE de 194 kcal/mol (812 kJ/mol) y una EN de 2,0, pero tiene una estructura de banda metálica.<a href="#cite_note-24">[22]</a> La astatina tiene un IE de 215 kJ/mol (899 kJ/mol) y un EN de 2,2.<a href="#cite_note-25">[23]</a> Su estructura de banda electrónica no se conoce con certeza. </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencias">Referencias</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Semimetal&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar sección: Referencias">editar</a>]</div> <div class="listaref" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; list-style-type: decimal;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> Greenwood NN & Earnshaw A 2002, Chemistry of the Elements, 2nd ed., Butterworth-Heinemann, <a href="/wiki/Especial:FuentesDeLibros/0750633654" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7506-3365-4</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> <a href="#Cusack1987">Cusack 1987, p. 360</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> <a href="#Kelter2009">Kelter, Mosher & Scott 2009, p. 268</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hill_2000,_p._41-4">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Hill_2000,_p._41_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hill_2000,_p._41_4-1">b</a> <a href="#Hill2000">Hill & Holman 2000, p. 41</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> <a href="#King1979">King 1979, p. 13</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> <a href="#Moore2011">Moore 2011, p. 81</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> <a href="#Gray2010">Gray 2010</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hopkins-8"><a href="#cite_ref-Hopkins_8-0">↑</a> <a href="#Hopkins1956">Hopkins & Bailar 1956, p. 458</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> <a href="#Glinka1965">Glinka 1965, p. 77</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a> <a href="#Wiberg2001">Wiberg 2001, p. 1279</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> <a href="#Belpassi2006">Belpassi et al. 2006, pp. 4543–44</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a> <a href="#Schmidbaur2008">Schmidbaur & Schier 2008, pp. 1931–51</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a> <a href="#TM1987">Tyler Miller 1987, p. 59</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a> <a href="#Goldsmith1982">Goldsmith 1982, p. 526</a>; <a href="#Kotz2009">Kotz, Treichel & Weaver 2009, p.  62</a>; <a href="#Bettelheim">Bettelheim et al. 2010, p. 46</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a> <a href="#Edwards1999">Edwards 1999, p. 416</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a> <a href="#Steurer2007">Steurer 2007, p. 142</a>; <a href="#Pyykkö">Pyykkö 2012, p. 56</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-edwards695-17"><a href="#cite_ref-edwards695_17-0">↑</a> <a href="#Edwards1983">Edwards & Sienko 1983, p. 695</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a> <a href="#Hill2000">Hill & Holman 2000, p. 160</a>. They characterise metalloids (in part) on the basis that they are "poor conductors of electricity with atomic conductance usually less than 10−3 but greater than 10−5 ohm−1 cm−4". </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a> <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Bond2005">Bond 2005, p. 3</a>: "One criterion for distinguishing semi-metals from true metals under normal conditions is that the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coordination_number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coordination number (aún no redactado)">bulk coordination number</a> of the former is never greater than eight, while for metals it is usually twelve (or more, if for the body-centred cubic structure one counts next-nearest neighbours as well)." </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a> <a href="#Jones2010">Jones 2010, p. 169</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a> <a href="#Masterton1977">Masterton & Slowinski 1977, p.  160</a> enumeran el B, Si, Ge, As, Sb y Te como metaloides, y comentan que el Po y el At se clasifican ordinariamente como metaloides, pero añaden que esto es arbitrario ya que se conoce muy poco sobre ellos. </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a> <a href="#Kraig2004">Kraig, Roundy & Cohen 2004, p. 412</a>; <a href="#Alloul2010">Alloul 2010, p.  83</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a> <a href="#Vernon">Vernon 2013, p. 1704</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a> <a href="#Vernon">Vernon 2013, p. 1703</a> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografía">Bibliografía</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Semimetal&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar sección: Bibliografía">editar</a>]</div> <ul><li>Addison WE 1964, The Allotropy of the Elements, Oldbourne Press, London</li> <li>Addison CC & Sowerby DB 1972, Main Group Elements: Groups V and VI, Butterworths, London, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:FuentesDeLibros/0-8391-1005-7" title="Especial:FuentesDeLibros/0-8391-1005-7">0-8391-1005-7</a></li> <li>Adler D 1969, 'Half-way Elements: The Technology of Metalloids', book review, Technology Review, vol. 72, no. 1, Oct/Nov, pp. 18–19, <a href="/wiki/ISSN" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/0040-1692">0040-1692</a></li> <li>Ahmed MAK, Fjellvåg H & Kjekshus A 2000, 'Synthesis, Structure and Thermal Stability of Tellurium Oxides and Oxide Sulfate Formed from Reactions in Refluxing Sulfuric Acid', Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, no. 24, pp. 4542–49, <a href="/wiki/Identificador_de_objeto_digital" title="Identificador de objeto digital">doi</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1039/B005688J">10.1039/B005688J</a></li> <li>Ahmeda E & Rucka M 2011, 'Homo- and heteroatomic polycations of groups 15 and 16. 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CD Adams, P Champagne, SK Ong, RD Tyagi & TC Zhang (eds), Contaminants of Emerging Environmental Concern, American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, Virginia, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:FuentesDeLibros/978-0-7844-1014-1" title="Especial:FuentesDeLibros/978-0-7844-1014-1">978-0-7844-1014-1</a>, pp. 343–415</li> <li>Zhdanov GS 1965, Crystal Physics, translated from the Russian publication of 1961 by AF Brown (ed.), Oliver & Boyd, Edinburgh</li> <li>Zingaro RA 1994, 'Arsenic: Inorganic Chemistry', in RB King (ed.) 1994, Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, pp. 192–218, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:FuentesDeLibros/0-471-93620-0" title="Especial:FuentesDeLibros/0-471-93620-0">0-471-93620-0</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Véase_también">Véase también</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Semimetal&action=edit&section=7" title="Editar sección: Véase 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autoridades</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>Proyectos Wikimedia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a> Datos: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19596" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q19596">Q19596</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> Multimedia: <a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Metalloids">Metalloids</a> / <a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q19596%22">Q19596</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li>Identificadores</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Francia" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Francia">BNF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13179368t">13179368t</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13179368t">(data)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame 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href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007531627105171">987007531627105171</a></li> <li>Diccionarios y enciclopedias</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Brit%C3%A1nica" title="Enciclopedia Británica">Britannica</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/metalloid">url</a></li> <li>Identificadores médicos</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D058955">D058955</a></li> <li>UMLS: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ncim-stage.nci.nih.gov/ncimbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI%20Metathesaurus&code=C0439879">C0439879</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="mw-mf-linked-projects hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a> Datos: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19596" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q19596">Q19596</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> Multimedia: <a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Metalloids">Metalloids</a> / <a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&search=%22Q19596%22">Q19596</a></li></ul> </div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Obtenido de «<a dir="ltr" href="https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semimetal&oldid=159633126">https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semimetal&oldid=159633126</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Categor%C3%ADas" title="Especial:Categorías">Categorías</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Elementos_qu%C3%ADmicos_por_grupo" title="Categoría:Elementos químicos por grupo">Elementos químicos por grupo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Metaloides" title="Categoría:Metaloides">Metaloides</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Conceptos_fundamentales_de_la_qu%C3%ADmica" title="Categoría:Conceptos fundamentales de la química">Conceptos fundamentales de la química</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorías ocultas: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Wikipedia:P%C3%A1ginas_con_plantillas_con_argumentos_duplicados" title="Categoría:Wikipedia:Páginas con plantillas con argumentos duplicados">Wikipedia:Páginas con plantillas con argumentos duplicados</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categor%C3%ADa:Wikipedia:P%C3%A1ginas_con_enlaces_m%C3%A1gicos_de_ISBN" title="Categoría:Wikipedia:Páginas con enlaces mágicos de ISBN">Wikipedia:Páginas con enlaces mágicos de ISBN</a></li><li><a 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