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<span>Features</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Features-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Features subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Current_version" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_version"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Current version</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_version-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Primitives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primitives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Primitives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primitives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Examples_of_the_scene_description_language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples_of_the_scene_description_language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Examples of the scene description language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Examples_of_the_scene_description_language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modeling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modeling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Modeling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modeling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Software" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Software"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Software</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Software-sublist" 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title="POV-Ray – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="POV-Ray" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/POV-Ray" title="POV-Ray – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="POV-Ray" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/POV-Ray" title="POV-Ray – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="POV-Ray" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/POV-Ray" title="POV-Ray – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="POV-Ray" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/POV-Ray" title="POV-Ray – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="POV-Ray" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/POV-Ray" title="POV-Ray – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="POV-Ray" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/POV-Ray" title="POV-Ray – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="POV-Ray" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/POV-Ray" title="POV-Ray – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="POV-Ray" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistence_of_Vision_Raytracer" title="Persistence of Vision Raytracer – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Persistence of Vision Raytracer" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/POV-Ray" title="POV-Ray – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="POV-Ray" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/POV-Ray" title="POV-Ray – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="POV-Ray" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/POV-Ray" title="POV-Ray – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="POV-Ray" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/POV-Ray" title="POV-Ray – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="POV-Ray" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/POV-Ray" title="POV-Ray – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="POV-Ray" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/POV-Ray" title="POV-Ray – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="POV-Ray" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/POV-Ray" title="POV-Ray – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="POV-Ray" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/POV-Ray" title="POV-Ray – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="POV-Ray" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/POV-Ray" title="POV-Ray – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="POV-Ray" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/POV-Ray" title="POV-Ray – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="POV-Ray" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Text-based ray-tracing program</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">POV-Ray</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Povray_logo_sphere.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Povray_logo_sphere.png/220px-Povray_logo_sphere.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Povray_logo_sphere.png/330px-Povray_logo_sphere.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Povray_logo_sphere.png/440px-Povray_logo_sphere.png 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Original author(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">David Kirk Buck, Aaron A. Collins, Alexander Enzmann</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">The POV-Team</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap">July 29, 1991<span class="noprint">; 33 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1991-07-29</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-History_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-POV-Ray_25_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-POV-Ray_25-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr style="display: none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Stable release</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="margin:0px;">3.7.0.0<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-050275eae9f93e386e59e78668233bea38f21ef8-v18_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-050275eae9f93e386e59e78668233bea38f21ef8-v18-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521697?uselang=en#P348" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> / 7 November 2013; 8 July 2021</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle#Beta" title="Software release life cycle">Preview release</a></th><td class="infobox-data">v3.8.0-beta.2 (August 9, 2021<span class="noprint">; 3 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2021-08-09</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Latest_preview_software_release/POV-Ray&action=edit">[±]</a></span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Repository_(version_control)" title="Repository (version control)">Repository</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/POV-Ray/povray">github<wbr />.com<wbr />/POV-Ray<wbr />/povray</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q521697#P1324" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cross-platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-platform">Cross-platform</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ray_tracing_(graphics)" title="Ray tracing (graphics)">Ray tracer</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/GNU_Affero_General_Public_License" title="GNU Affero General Public License">AGPL-3.0-or-later</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.povray.org">www.povray.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Persistence of Vision Ray Tracer</b>, most commonly acronymed as <b>POV-Ray</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/Cross-platform_software" title="Cross-platform software">cross-platform</a> <a href="/wiki/Ray_tracing_(graphics)" title="Ray tracing (graphics)">ray-tracing</a> program that generates images from a text-based scene description. It was originally based on DKBTrace, written by David Kirk Buck and Aaron A. Collins for <a href="/wiki/Amiga" title="Amiga">Amiga</a> computers. There are also influences from the earlier Polyray<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> raytracer because of contributions from its author, Alexander Enzmann. POV-Ray is <a href="/wiki/Free_and_open-source_software" title="Free and open-source software">free and open-source software</a>, with the <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> available under the <a href="/wiki/GNU_Affero_General_Public_License" title="GNU Affero General Public License">AGPL-3.0-or-later</a> license. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=POV-Ray&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vase_on_a_pedestal,_rendered_with_DKBTrace_2.12.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Vase_on_a_pedestal%2C_rendered_with_DKBTrace_2.12.png/220px-Vase_on_a_pedestal%2C_rendered_with_DKBTrace_2.12.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Vase_on_a_pedestal%2C_rendered_with_DKBTrace_2.12.png/330px-Vase_on_a_pedestal%2C_rendered_with_DKBTrace_2.12.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Vase_on_a_pedestal%2C_rendered_with_DKBTrace_2.12.png/440px-Vase_on_a_pedestal%2C_rendered_with_DKBTrace_2.12.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>A vase on a pedestal rendered with DKBTrace 2.12</figcaption></figure> <p>Sometime in the 1980s, David Kirk Buck downloaded the <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> for a <a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a> ray tracer to his <a href="/wiki/Amiga" title="Amiga">Amiga</a>. He experimented with it for a while and eventually decided to write his own ray tracer named DKBTrace after his initials. He posted it to the "You Can Call Me Ray" <a href="/wiki/Bulletin_board_system" title="Bulletin board system">bulletin board system</a> (BBS) in Chicago, thinking others might be interested in it. In 1987, Aaron A. Collins downloaded DKBTrace and began working on an <a href="/wiki/X86" title="X86">x86</a> port of it. He and David Buck collaborated to add several more features. </p><p>When the program proved to be more popular than anticipated, they could not keep up with demand for more features. Thus, in July 1991, David turned over the project to a team of programmers working in the "GraphDev" <a href="/wiki/Online_forum" class="mw-redirect" title="Online forum">forum</a> on <a href="/wiki/CompuServe" title="CompuServe">CompuServe</a>. At the same time, David felt that it was inappropriate to use his initials on a program he no longer maintained. The name "STAR-Light" (Software Taskforce on Animation and Rendering) was initially used, but eventually the name became "PV-Ray", and then ultimately "POV-Ray" (Persistence of Vision Ray Tracer),<sup id="cite_ref-POV-Ray_25_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-POV-Ray_25-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a name inspired by <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD" title="Salvador Dalí">Dalí</a>'s painting, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Persistence_of_Memory" title="The Persistence of Memory">The Persistence of Memory</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-flossweekly2008_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flossweekly2008-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Features of the application, and a summary of its history, are discussed in a February 2008 interview with David Kirk Buck and Chris Cason on episode 24 of <a href="/wiki/FLOSS_Weekly" class="mw-redirect" title="FLOSS Weekly">FLOSS Weekly</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-flossweekly2008_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flossweekly2008-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=POV-Ray&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Glasses_800_edit.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Glasses_800_edit.png/220px-Glasses_800_edit.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Glasses_800_edit.png/330px-Glasses_800_edit.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Glasses_800_edit.png/440px-Glasses_800_edit.png 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Glass scene rendered by POV-Ray demonstrating <a href="/wiki/Radiosity_(computer_graphics)" title="Radiosity (computer graphics)">radiosity</a>, <a href="/wiki/Photon_mapping" title="Photon mapping">photon mapping</a>, <a href="/wiki/Focal_blur" class="mw-redirect" title="Focal blur">focal blur</a>, and other photorealistic capabilities (image created by <a href="/wiki/Gilles_Tran" title="Gilles Tran">Gilles Tran</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>POV-Ray has matured substantially since it was created. Recent versions of the software include the following features: </p> <ul><li>a <a href="/wiki/Turing-completeness" class="mw-redirect" title="Turing-completeness">Turing-complete</a> scene description language (SDL) that supports macros and loops<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>a library of ready-made scenes, textures, and objects</li> <li>support for a number of <a href="/wiki/Geometric_primitive" title="Geometric primitive">geometric primitives</a> and <a href="/wiki/Constructive_solid_geometry" title="Constructive solid geometry">constructive solid geometry</a></li> <li>several kinds of <a href="/wiki/Light_source" class="mw-redirect" title="Light source">light sources</a></li> <li>atmospheric effects such as <a href="/wiki/Fog" title="Fog">fog</a> and <i>media</i> (<a href="/wiki/Smoke" title="Smoke">smoke</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clouds" class="mw-redirect" title="Clouds">clouds</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reflection_(physics)" title="Reflection (physics)">reflections</a>, <a href="/wiki/Refraction" title="Refraction">refractions</a>, and light <a href="/wiki/Caustic_(optics)" title="Caustic (optics)">caustics</a> using <a href="/wiki/Photon_mapping" title="Photon mapping">photon mapping</a></li> <li>surface patterns such as <a href="/wiki/Wrinkle" title="Wrinkle">wrinkles</a>, bumps, and <a href="/wiki/Capillary_wave" title="Capillary wave">ripples</a>, for use in <a href="/wiki/Procedural_texture" title="Procedural texture">procedural textures</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bump_mapping" title="Bump mapping">bump mapping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiosity_(computer_graphics)" title="Radiosity (computer graphics)">radiosity</a></li> <li>support for <a href="/wiki/Texture_(computer_graphics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Texture (computer graphics)">textures</a> and rendered output in many image formats, including <a href="/wiki/Truevision_Targa_file_format" class="mw-redirect" title="Truevision Targa file format">TGA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portable_Network_Graphics" class="mw-redirect" title="Portable Network Graphics">PNG</a>, and <a href="/wiki/JPEG" title="JPEG">JPEG</a>, among others</li> <li>extensive <a href="/wiki/User_documentation" class="mw-redirect" title="User documentation">user documentation</a></li> <li>support for custom output resolutions<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (This includes extreme resolutions such as <a href="/wiki/16K_resolution" title="16K resolution">16K</a>)</li> <li>two types of <a href="/wiki/Supersampling" title="Supersampling">SSAA</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Type 1 is an adaptive, non-recursive, super-sampling method. It is <i>adaptive</i> because not every pixel is super-sampled. Type 2 is an adaptive and recursive super-sampling method. It is <i>recursive</i> because the pixel is sub-divided and sub-sub-divided recursively. The <i>adaptive</i> nature of type 2 is the variable depth of recursion.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>One of POV-Ray's main attractions is its large collection of third-party-made assets and tools. A large number of tools, textures, models, scenes, and tutorials can be found on the web. It is also a useful reference for those wanting to learn how <a href="/wiki/Ray_tracing_(graphics)" title="Ray tracing (graphics)">ray tracing</a> and related 3D geometry and computer graphics algorithms work. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_version">Current version</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=POV-Ray&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Current version"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The current official version of POV-Ray is 3.7. This version introduces: </p> <ul><li>support for <a href="/wiki/Symmetric_multiprocessing" title="Symmetric multiprocessing">symmetric multiprocessing</a> (SMP), to allow the renderer to take advantage of <a href="/wiki/Multiprocessing" title="Multiprocessing">multiple processors</a></li> <li>support for <a href="/wiki/High-dynamic-range_imaging" class="mw-redirect" title="High-dynamic-range imaging">high-dynamic-range imaging</a> (HDRI), including the <a href="/wiki/OpenEXR" title="OpenEXR">OpenEXR</a> and <a href="/wiki/Radiance_(software)" title="Radiance (software)">radiance</a> file formats</li> <li>improved <a href="/wiki/Bounding_volume" title="Bounding volume">bounding</a> using <a href="/wiki/Binary_space_partitioning" title="Binary space partitioning">BSP</a> trees</li></ul> <p>Some of the main introduced features of the previous release (3.6) are: </p> <ul><li>extending <a href="/wiki/UV_mapping" title="UV mapping">UV mapping</a> to more primitives</li> <li>adding 16- and 32-bit integer data to a density file</li> <li>improving <a href="/wiki/64-bit_computing" title="64-bit computing">64-bit</a> <a href="/wiki/Computer_compatibility" title="Computer compatibility">compatibility</a></li></ul> <p>In July 2006, <a href="/wiki/Intel_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel Corporation">Intel Corporation</a> started using the <a href="/wiki/Beta_version" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta version">beta version</a> of 3.7 to demonstrate their new <a href="/wiki/Dual-core" class="mw-redirect" title="Dual-core">dual-core</a> <a href="/wiki/Conroe_(microprocessor)" title="Conroe (microprocessor)">Conroe processor</a> due to the efficiency of the SMP (symmetric multiprocessing) implementation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primitives">Primitives</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=POV-Ray&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Primitives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Venn_0000_0001_0001_0110.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Venn_0000_0001_0001_0110.png/220px-Venn_0000_0001_0001_0110.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Venn_0000_0001_0001_0110.png/330px-Venn_0000_0001_0001_0110.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Venn_0000_0001_0001_0110.png/440px-Venn_0000_0001_0001_0110.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Rendering of the <a href="/wiki/Venn_diagram" title="Venn diagram">Venn diagram</a> of four spheres created with <a href="/wiki/Constructive_solid_geometry" title="Constructive solid geometry">constructive solid geometry</a>, or CSG. The source is <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Venn_0000_0001_0001_0110.png#POV-Ray_source" class="extiw" title="commons:File:Venn 0000 0001 0001 0110.png">on the description page</a> of the image.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PNG_transparency_demonstration_1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/PNG_transparency_demonstration_1.png/220px-PNG_transparency_demonstration_1.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/PNG_transparency_demonstration_1.png/330px-PNG_transparency_demonstration_1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/PNG_transparency_demonstration_1.png/440px-PNG_transparency_demonstration_1.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Some colored <a href="/wiki/Dice" title="Dice">dice</a> rendered in POV-Ray. <a href="/wiki/Constructive_solid_geometry" title="Constructive solid geometry">CSG</a>, <a href="/wiki/Refraction" title="Refraction">refraction</a> and <a href="/wiki/Focal_blur" class="mw-redirect" title="Focal blur">focal blur</a> are demonstrated.</figcaption></figure> <p>POV-Ray, in addition to standard <a href="/wiki/3d_geometry" class="mw-redirect" title="3d geometry">3D geometric</a> shapes like <a href="/wiki/Torus" title="Torus">tori</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sphere" title="Sphere">spheres</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Heightfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Heightfield">heightfields</a>, supports mathematically defined <i><a href="/wiki/Primitives_(computer_graphics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Primitives (computer graphics)">primitives</a></i> such as the <a href="/wiki/Isosurface" title="Isosurface">isosurface</a> (a finite approximation of an arbitrary function), the <a href="/wiki/Polynomial" title="Polynomial">polynomial</a> primitive (an <a href="/wiki/Infinity" title="Infinity">infinite</a> object defined by a <a href="/wiki/Degree_of_a_polynomial" title="Degree of a polynomial">15th order or lower polynomial</a>), the <a href="/wiki/Julia_set" title="Julia set">julia fractal</a> (a 3-dimensional slice of a <a href="/wiki/Four-dimensional_space" title="Four-dimensional space">4-dimensional</a> fractal), the <a href="/wiki/Superellipse" title="Superellipse">superquadratic ellipsoid</a> (an intermediate between a sphere and a cube), and the <a href="/wiki/Parametric_feature_based_modeler" class="mw-redirect" title="Parametric feature based modeler">parametric</a> primitive (using equations that represent its surface, rather than its interior). </p><p>POV-Ray internally represents objects using their mathematical definitions; all POV-Ray primitive objects can be described by <a href="/wiki/Mathematical_functions" class="mw-redirect" title="Mathematical functions">mathematical functions</a>. This is different from many computer programs that include 3D models, which typically use <a href="/wiki/Triangle" title="Triangle">triangle</a> <a href="/wiki/Polygon_mesh" title="Polygon mesh">meshes</a> to compose all the objects in a scene. </p><p>This fact provides POV-Ray with several advantages and disadvantages over other rendering and modeling systems; POV-Ray primitives are more accurate than their polygonal counterparts: objects that can be described in terms of spheres, planar surfaces, cylinders, tori, and the like, are perfectly smooth and mathematically accurate in POV-Ray renderings, whereas polygonal <i>artifacts</i> may be visible in mesh-based modeling software. POV-Ray primitives are also simpler to define than most of their polygonal counterparts, e.g., in POV-Ray, a <a href="/wiki/Sphere" title="Sphere">sphere</a> is described simply by its center and radius; in a mesh-based environment, a sphere must be described by a multitude of small connected polygons (usually <a href="/wiki/UV_sphere" class="mw-redirect" title="UV sphere">quads</a> or <a href="/wiki/Icosphere" class="mw-redirect" title="Icosphere">triangles</a>). </p><p>On the other hand, script-based primitive modeling is not always a practical method to create certain objects, such as realistic characters or complex man-made artifacts like cars. Those objects can be created first in mesh-based modeling applications such as <a href="/wiki/Wings_3D" title="Wings 3D">Wings 3D</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blender_(software)" title="Blender (software)">Blender</a>, and then they can be converted to POV-Ray's own mesh format. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Examples_of_the_scene_description_language">Examples of the scene description language</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=POV-Ray&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Examples of the scene description language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following is an example of the scene description language used by POV-Ray to describe a scene to render. It demonstrates the use of a background colour, camera, lights, a simple box shape having a surface normal and finish, and the transforming effects of rotation. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:I_example_povray_scene_rendering.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/I_example_povray_scene_rendering.png/220px-I_example_povray_scene_rendering.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/I_example_povray_scene_rendering.png/330px-I_example_povray_scene_rendering.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/I_example_povray_scene_rendering.png/440px-I_example_povray_scene_rendering.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>POV-Ray image output based on the script</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-pov mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cp">#version</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">3.6</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="c1">// Includes a separate file defining a number of common colours</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">"colors.inc"</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">global_settings</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">assumed_gamma</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1.0</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="c1">// Sets a background colour for the image (dark grey)</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">background</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rgb</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="mf">0.25</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.25</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.25</span><span class="p">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="c1">// Places a camera</span> <span class="c1">// direction: Sets, among other things, the field of view of the camera</span> <span class="c1">// right: Sets the aspect ratio of the image</span> <span class="c1">// look_at: Tells the camera where to look</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">camera</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">location</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">4.0</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">direction</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">1.5</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="bp">z</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">right</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="bp">x</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">image_width</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">image_height</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">look_at</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="c1">// Places a light source</span> <span class="c1">// color: Sets the color of the light source (white)</span> <span class="c1">// translate: Moves the light source to a desired location</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">light_source</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rgb</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">translate</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="c1">// Places another light source</span> <span class="c1">// color: Sets the color of the light source (dark grey)</span> <span class="c1">// translate: Moves the light source to a desired location</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">light_source</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rgb</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="mf">0.25</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.25</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.25</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">translate</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="c1">// Sets a box</span> <span class="c1">// pigment: Sets a color for the box ("Red" as defined in "colors.inc")</span> <span class="c1">// finish: Sets how the surface of the box reflects light</span> <span class="c1">// normal: Sets a bumpiness for the box using the "agate" in-built model</span> <span class="c1">// rotate: Rotates the box</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">box</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">>,</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">texture</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">pigment</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Red</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">finish</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">specular</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.6</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">normal</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">agate</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.25</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">scale</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rotate</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="mi">45</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">46</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">47</span><span class="p">></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <p>The following script fragment shows the use of variable declaration, assignment, comparison and the while loop construct: </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:I_example_povray_scene_rendering2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/I_example_povray_scene_rendering2.png/220px-I_example_povray_scene_rendering2.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/I_example_povray_scene_rendering2.png/330px-I_example_povray_scene_rendering2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/I_example_povray_scene_rendering2.png/440px-I_example_povray_scene_rendering2.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>POV-Ray image output based on the script</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-pov mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cp">#declare</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">the_angle</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="cp">#while</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">the_angle</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">360</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">box</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><</span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.5</span><span class="p">></span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">texture</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">pigment</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">color</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Red</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">finish</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">specular</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.6</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">normal</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">agate</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mf">0.25</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">scale</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">rotate</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">the_angle</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="cp">#declare</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">the_angle</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">the_angle</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">45</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="cp">#end</span> </pre></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modeling">Modeling</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=POV-Ray&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Modeling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The POV-Ray program itself does not include a <a href="/wiki/3D_modeling" title="3D modeling">modeling</a> feature; it is essentially a pure renderer with a sophisticated model description language. To accompany this feature set, third parties have developed a large variety of modeling software, some specialized for POV-Ray, others supporting import and export of its data structures, including the free and open-source 3D creation suite <a href="/wiki/Blender_(software)" title="Blender (software)">Blender</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A number of additional POV-Ray compatible modelers are linked from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.povray.org/resources/links/3D_Programs/Modelling_Programs/">Povray.org: Modelling Programs</a>. </p><p>In 2007, POV-Ray acquired the rights to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stmuc.com/moray/medown.html">Moray</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200428230409/http://www.stmuc.com/moray/medown.html">Archived</a> 2020-04-28 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an interactive 3-D modeling program long used with POV-Ray. However, as of December 2016, Moray development is stalled.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Software">Software</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=POV-Ray&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Software"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development_and_maintenance">Development and maintenance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=POV-Ray&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Development and maintenance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Official modifications to the POV-Ray source tree are done and/or approved by the POV-Team. Most patch submission and/or bug reporting is done in the POV-Ray newsgroups on the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="nntp://news.povray.org/">news.povray.org</a> <a href="/wiki/Usenet" title="Usenet">news</a> server (with a <a href="/wiki/Web_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Web interface">Web interface</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.povray.org/groups/">also available</a>). Since POV-Ray's source is available there are unofficial <a href="/wiki/Fork_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fork (software)">forks</a> and patched versions of POV-Ray available from third parties; however, these are not officially supported by the POV-Team. </p><p>Official POV-Ray versions currently do not support <a href="/wiki/Shader" title="Shader">shader</a> plug-ins.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some features, like <a href="/wiki/Radiosity_(computer_graphics)" title="Radiosity (computer graphics)">radiosity</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spline_(mathematics)" title="Spline (mathematics)">splines</a> are still in development and may be subject to syntactical change. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Platform_support">Platform support</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=POV-Ray&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Platform support"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>POV-Ray 3.6 is distributed in compiled format for <a href="/wiki/Mac_(computer)" title="Mac (computer)">Mac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a> and <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>. Support for <a href="/wiki/Apple%E2%80%93Intel_architecture" title="Apple–Intel architecture">Intel Macs</a> is not available in the <a href="/wiki/Mac_(computer)" title="Mac (computer)">Mac</a> version, but since <a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X" class="mw-redirect" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a> is a version of <a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a> the Linux version can be <a href="/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler">compiled</a> on it. </p><p>The 3.7 versions with <a href="/wiki/Symmetric_multiprocessing" title="Symmetric multiprocessing">SMP</a> support are officially supported for Windows and Linux. Unofficial <a href="/wiki/Mac_(computer)" title="Mac (computer)">Mac</a> versions for v3.7 can be found.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>POV-Ray can be <a href="/wiki/Source_port" title="Source port">ported</a> to any platform which has a compatible <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a> compiler. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Licensing">Licensing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=POV-Ray&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Licensing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Originally, POV-Ray was distributed under its own <i>POV-Ray <a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></i>. Namely, the POV-Ray 3.6 Distribution License<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the POV-Ray 3.6 Source License,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which permitted free distribution of the program source code and binaries, but restricts commercial distribution and the creation of derivative works other than fully functional versions of POV-Ray. </p><p>Although the <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> of older versions is available for modification, due to the above 3.6 and prior license restrictions, it was not <a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open source</a> or <a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">free software</a> according to the <a href="/wiki/Open_Source_Initiative" title="Open Source Initiative">OSI</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Free_Software_Foundation" title="Free Software Foundation">FSF</a> definition of the term. This was a problem as <a href="/wiki/Source_code" title="Source code">source code</a> exchange with the greater <a href="/wiki/Free_and_open-source_software" title="Free and open-source software">FOSS</a> ecosystem was impossible due to <a href="/wiki/License_incompatibility" class="mw-redirect" title="License incompatibility">License incompatibility</a> with <a href="/wiki/Copyleft_license" class="mw-redirect" title="Copyleft license">copyleft licenses</a>. </p><p>One of the reasons that POV-Ray was not originally licensed under the free software <a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GNU General Public License</a> (GPL), or other open source licenses, is that POV-Ray was developed before the GPL-style licenses became widely used; the developers wrote their own license for the release of POV-Ray, and contributors to the software worked under the assumption their contributions would be licensed under the POV-Ray 3.6 Licenses. </p><p>In 2013, with version 3.7, POV-Ray was <a href="/wiki/Relicensing" class="mw-redirect" title="Relicensing">relicensed</a> under the <a href="/wiki/GNU_Affero_General_Public_License" title="GNU Affero General Public License">GNU Affero General Public License</a> version 3 (or later).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus POV-Ray is since then <a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">free software</a> according to the <a href="/wiki/Free_Software_Foundation" title="Free Software Foundation">FSF</a> definition and also <a href="/wiki/Open_source_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Open source software">open source software</a> according to the <a href="/wiki/Open_Source_Definition" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Source Definition">Open Source Definition</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=POV-Ray&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Boingball.png/28px-Boingball.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Boingball.png/42px-Boingball.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Boingball.png/56px-Boingball.png 2x" data-file-width="96" data-file-height="96" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Amiga" title="Portal:Amiga">Amiga portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/POV-Ray" class="extiw" title="commons:POV-Ray"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">POV-Ray</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blender_(software)" title="Blender (software)">Blender</a> – a free and open-source software program for 3D modeling, animation, and rendering</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerkythea" title="Kerkythea">Kerkythea</a> – a freeware ray-tracing program with enhanced <a href="/wiki/Sketchup" class="mw-redirect" title="Sketchup">Sketchup</a> compatibility</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunflow" title="Sunflow">Sunflow</a> – an open-source rendering system for photo-realistic image synthesis, written in Java</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=POV-Ray&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-History-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-History_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.povray.org/documentation/view/3.6.1/10/">"POV-Ray: Documentation: 1.1.5.3 A Historic 'Version History'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>povray.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-12-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=povray.org&rft.atitle=POV-Ray%3A+Documentation%3A+1.1.5.3+A+Historic+%27Version+History%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.povray.org%2Fdocumentation%2Fview%2F3.6.1%2F10%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APOV-Ray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-POV-Ray_25-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-POV-Ray_25_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-POV-Ray_25_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.povray.org/news/index.php#323">"POV-Ray: News"</a>. <i>povray.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-12-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=povray.org&rft.atitle=POV-Ray%3A+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.povray.org%2Fnews%2Findex.php%23323&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APOV-Ray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-050275eae9f93e386e59e78668233bea38f21ef8-v18-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-050275eae9f93e386e59e78668233bea38f21ef8-v18_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/POV-Ray/povray/releases/tag/v3.7.0.0">"Release 3.7.0.0"</a>. 7 November 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Release+3.7.0.0&rft.date=2013-11-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2FPOV-Ray%2Fpovray%2Freleases%2Ftag%2Fv3.7.0.0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APOV-Ray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/POV-Ray/povray/releases/tag/v3.8.0-beta.2">"POV-Ray Beta Release v3.8.0-beta.2"</a>. POV-Ray. 2021-08-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=POV-Ray+Beta+Release+v3.8.0-beta.2&rft.pub=POV-Ray&rft.date=2021-08-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2FPOV-Ray%2Fpovray%2Freleases%2Ftag%2Fv3.8.0-beta.2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APOV-Ray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.povray.org/povlegal.html">"POV-Ray License"</a>. povray.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-05-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=POV-Ray+License&rft.pub=povray.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.povray.org%2Fpovlegal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APOV-Ray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://paulbourke.net/dataformats/polyray/">"Polyray v1.7"</a>. Alexander R. Enzmann<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-07-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Polyray+v1.7&rft.pub=Alexander+R.+Enzmann&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpaulbourke.net%2Fdataformats%2Fpolyray%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APOV-Ray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.povray.org/documentation/view/3.6.0/7/">"Documentation: 1.1.5 The Early History of"</a>. POV-Ray<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-05-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Documentation%3A+1.1.5+The+Early+History+of&rft.pub=POV-Ray&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.povray.org%2Fdocumentation%2Fview%2F3.6.0%2F7%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APOV-Ray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-flossweekly2008-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-flossweekly2008_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-flossweekly2008_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://twit.tv/floss24">"The TWiT Netcast Network with Leo Laporte"</a>. Twit.tv. 2008-02-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-05-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+TWiT+Netcast+Network+with+Leo+Laporte&rft.pub=Twit.tv&rft.date=2008-02-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftwit.tv%2Ffloss24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APOV-Ray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://paulbourke.net/geometry/supershape/">Paul Bourke: Supershape in 3D</a> are examples of POV-Ray images made with very short code</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.povray.org/documentation/view/3.6.0/217/">"POV-Ray: Documentation: 2.1.2.2 General Output Options"</a>. <i>www.povray.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-09-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.povray.org&rft.atitle=POV-Ray%3A+Documentation%3A+2.1.2.2+General+Output+Options&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.povray.org%2Fdocumentation%2Fview%2F3.6.0%2F217%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APOV-Ray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.povray.org/documentation/view/3.6.2/223/">"POV-Ray: Documentation: 2.1.2.8 Tracing Options"</a>. <i>www.povray.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-09-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.povray.org&rft.atitle=POV-Ray%3A+Documentation%3A+2.1.2.8+Tracing+Options&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.povray.org%2Fdocumentation%2Fview%2F3.6.2%2F223%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APOV-Ray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.blender.org/index.php/Extensions:2.6/Py/Scripts/Render/POV-Ray">Blender</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.povray.org/news/moray-announcement.php">"News: Moray Announcement"</a>. POV-Ray. 2007-02-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-05-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=News%3A+Moray+Announcement&rft.pub=POV-Ray&rft.date=2007-02-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.povray.org%2Fnews%2Fmoray-announcement.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APOV-Ray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/POV-Ray/povray#3d-modeller">"POV-Ray/povray: The persistence of Vision Raytracer"</a>. POV-Ray. 2013-09-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-08-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=POV-Ray%2Fpovray%3A+The+persistence+of+Vision+Raytracer&rft.pub=POV-Ray&rft.date=2013-09-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2FPOV-Ray%2Fpovray%233d-modeller&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APOV-Ray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">for such an implementation, see e.g., <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.aetec.ee/fv/vkhomep.nsf/pages/povman2">http://www.aetec.ee/fv/vkhomep.nsf/pages/povman2</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070207122812/http://www.aetec.ee/fv/vkhomep.nsf/pages/povman2">Archived</a> 2007-02-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://megapov.inetart.net/povrayunofficial_mac/index.html">povrayunofficial_mac</a> on megapov.inetart.net</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.povray.org/distribution-license-3.6.html">"POV-Ray 3.6 Distribution License"</a>. povray.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-12-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=POV-Ray+3.6+Distribution+License&rft.pub=povray.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.povray.org%2Fdistribution-license-3.6.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APOV-Ray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.povray.org/source-license-3.6.html">"POV-Ray 3.6 Source License"</a>. povray.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-12-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=POV-Ray+3.6+Source+License&rft.pub=povray.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.povray.org%2Fsource-license-3.6.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APOV-Ray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCason2013" class="citation web cs1">Cason, Chris (8 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.povray.org/download/">"Download POV-Ray 3.7.0"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2013</span>. <q>Starting with version 3.7, POV-Ray is released under the AGPL3 (or later) license and thus is Free Software according to the FSF definition. [...] Full source code is available, allowing users to build their own versions and for developers to incorporate portions or all of the POV-Ray source into their own software provided it is distributed under a compatible license (for example, the AGPL3 or – at their option – any later version).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Download+POV-Ray+3.7.0&rft.date=2013-11-08&rft.aulast=Cason&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.povray.org%2Fdownload%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APOV-Ray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=POV-Ray&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link 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title="LuxCoreRender">LuxCoreRender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MakeHuman" title="MakeHuman">MakeHuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MeshLab" title="MeshLab">MeshLab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MoonRay" title="MoonRay">MoonRay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenFX_(software)" title="OpenFX (software)">OpenFX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenSCAD" title="OpenSCAD">OpenSCAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Point_Cloud_Library" title="Point Cloud Library">Point Cloud Library</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">POV-Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seamless3d" title="Seamless3d">Seamless3d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_Home_3D" title="Sweet Home 3D">Sweet Home 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wings_3D" title="Wings 3D">Wings 3D</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Closed-source" class="mw-redirect" title="Closed-source">Closed-source</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" 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href="/wiki/Daz_Studio" title="Daz Studio">Daz Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_Image_Animation_System" title="Electric Image Animation System">Electric Image Animation System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-on_Vue" title="E-on Vue">E-on Vue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golaem_Crowd" title="Golaem Crowd">Golaem Crowd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexagon_(software)" title="Hexagon (software)">Hexagon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houdini_(software)" title="Houdini (software)">Houdini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerkythea" title="Kerkythea">Kerkythea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LightWave_3D" title="LightWave 3D">LightWave 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MASSIVE_(software)" title="MASSIVE (software)">MASSIVE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oculus_Medium" title="Oculus Medium">Medium by Adobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messiah_(software)" title="Messiah (software)">Messiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modo_(software)" title="Modo (software)">Modo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuke_(software)" title="Nuke (software)">Nuke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octane_Render" title="Octane Render">Octane Render</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paint_3D" title="Paint 3D">Paint 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presto_(animation_software)" title="Presto (animation software)">Pixar Presto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixar_RenderMan" title="Pixar RenderMan">Pixar RenderMan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poser_(software)" title="Poser (software)">Poser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remo_3D" title="Remo 3D">Remo 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhinoceros_3D" title="Rhinoceros 3D">Rhinoceros 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shade_3D" title="Shade 3D">Shade 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shark_3D" title="Shark 3D">Shark 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silo_(software)" title="Silo (software)">Silo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SketchUp" title="SketchUp">SketchUp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Source_Filmmaker" title="Source Filmmaker">Source Filmmaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strata_3D" title="Strata 3D">Strata 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terragen" title="Terragen">Terragen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZBrush" title="ZBrush">ZBrush</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amapi" title="Amapi">Amapi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autodesk_Softimage" title="Autodesk Softimage">Autodesk Softimage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyber_Studio" title="Cyber Studio">Cyber Studio CAD-3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamation_(software)" title="Dynamation (software)">Dynamation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagine_(3D_modeling_software)" title="Imagine (3D modeling software)">Imagine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-World" title="N-World">N-World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PowerAnimator" title="PowerAnimator">PowerAnimator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sculpt_3D" title="Sculpt 3D">Sculpt 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Softimage_3D" title="Softimage 3D">Softimage 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/StrataVision_3D" title="StrataVision 3D">StrataVision 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swift_3D" title="Swift 3D">Swift 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TrueSpace" title="TrueSpace">TrueSpace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TurboSilver" title="TurboSilver">TurboSilver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VistaPro" title="VistaPro">VistaPro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Core technologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACIS" title="ACIS">ACIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C3D_Toolkit" title="C3D Toolkit">C3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HOOPS_3D_Graphics_System" class="mw-redirect" title="HOOPS 3D Graphics System">HOOPS 3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KernelCAD" class="mw-redirect" title="KernelCAD">KernelCAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Cascade_Technology" title="Open Cascade Technology">Open Cascade Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasolid" title="Parasolid">Parasolid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romulus_(modelling_kernel)" title="Romulus (modelling kernel)">Romulus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Geometric_Kernel" title="Russian Geometric Kernel">RGK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ShapeManager" title="ShapeManager">ShapeManager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teigha" class="mw-redirect" title="Teigha">Teigha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IntelliCAD" title="IntelliCAD">IntelliCAD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_3D_computer_graphics_software" title="Comparison of 3D computer graphics software">Comparison</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:3D_graphics_software" title="Category:3D graphics software">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_3D_computer_graphics_software" title="List of 3D computer graphics software">List</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_3D_modeling_software" title="List of 3D modeling software">3D modeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_3D_rendering_software" title="List of 3D rendering software">3D rendering</a></li></ul></li></ul> 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