Polymers | Topical Collection : Polymers and Polymer Composites: Structure-Property Relationship

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href="#editors"> Collection Editors </a></li> <li><a href="#info"> Collection Information </a></li> <li><a href="#keywords">Keywords</a></li> <li><a href="#published">Published Papers</a></li> </ul> </span> <p>A topical collection in <a href="/journal/polymers"><i>Polymers</i></a> (ISSN 2073-4360). This collection belongs to the section "<a href="/journal/polymers/sections/polymer_composites_nanocomposites">Polymer Composites and Nanocomposites</a>".<span data-section-id="1174"></span></p> Viewed by 63995 </div> <div style="clear: both;"></div> <div class="sharingLinks"> <h2>Share This Topical Collection</h2> <div class="social-media-links" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#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" title="Email"> <i class="fa fa-envelope-square" style="font-size: 30px;"></i> </a> <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Polymers+and+Polymer+Composites%3A+Structure-Property+Relationship&hashtags=mdpipolymers&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mdpi.com%2Fsi%2F115578&via=Polymers_MDPI" onclick="windowOpen(this.href,600,800); return false" title="Twitter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <i class="fa fa-twitter-x-square" style="font-size: 30px;"></i> </a> <a href=" http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mdpi.com%2Fsi%2F115578&title=Polymers%20and%20Polymer%20Composites%3A%20Structure-Property%20Relationship%26source%3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.mdpi.com%26summary%3DDear%20Colleagues%2C%0D%0AWe%20cordially%20invite%20you%20to%20submit%20your%20research%20papers%2C%20communications%2C%20or%20review%20articles%20to%20a%C2%A0Topical%20Collection%20of%20Polymers%20entitled%20%E2%80%9CPolymers%20and%20Polymer%20Composites%3A%20Structure-Property%20Relationship%E2%80%9D.%20Polymers%20and%20polymer%20%5B...%5D" onclick="windowOpen(this.href,600,800); return false" title="LinkedIn" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <i class="fa fa-linkedin-square" style="font-size: 30px;"></i> </a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https://www.mdpi.com/si/115578" title="facebook" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"> <i class="fa fa-facebook-square" style="font-size: 30px;"></i> </a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" title="Wechat" data-reveal-id="weixin-share-modal"> <i class="fa fa-weixin-square" style="font-size: 26px;"></i> </a> </div> </div> <h2><a name="editors"></a> Editor</h2> <div class="no-margin"> <div class="generic-item editor-div" data-filter="shaojian he polymer insulation materials; high-performance rubber nanocomposites; energy materials"> <div class="editor-div__content smaller-pictures"> <div class='profile-card-drop' data-dropdown='profile-card-drop192796' data-options='is_hover:true, hover_timeout:5000'> <div class="sciprofiles-link" style="display: inline-block"><div class="sciprofiles-link__link"><img class="sciprofiles-link__image" src="/data/editors/editor_192796.png?1710827481" style= "width: auto; height: 16px; border-radius: 50%;"><span class="sciprofiles-link__name"> Dr. Shaojian He </span></div></div> </div> <div id="profile-card-drop192796" data-dropdown-content class="f-dropdown content profile-card-content" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> <div class="profile-card__title "> <div class="sciprofiles-link" style="display: inline-block"><div class="sciprofiles-link__link"><img class="sciprofiles-link__image" src="/data/editors/editor_192796.png?1710827481" style= "width: auto; height: 16px; border-radius: 50%;"><span class="sciprofiles-link__name"> Dr. Shaojian He </span></div></div> </div> <div class="profile-card__buttons" style="margin-bottom: 10px;"> <a href="https://sciprofiles.com/profile/606113?utm_source=mdpi.com&utm_medium=website&utm_campaign=avatar_name" class="button button--color-inversed" target="_blank"> SciProfiles </a> <a href="https://scilit.net/scholars?q=Shaojian%20He" class="button button--color-inversed" target="_blank"> Scilit </a> <a href="https://www.preprints.org/search?search1=Shaojian%20He&field1=authors" class="button button--color-inversed" target="_blank"> Preprints.org </a> <a href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Shaojian%20He" class="button button--color-inversed" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer"> Google Scholar </a> </div> </div> <br class="show-for-small-only" /> <a class="inline-spacer toEncode emailCaptcha" href="" data-editor-id="192796">E-Mail</a> <a class="inline-spacer" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4358-4662" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Website</a> <br/> <i>Collection Editor</i><br> </div> <div style="clear: both;"></div> <div class="editor-div__content smaller-pictures"> Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Safety and Clean Utilization, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China<br> <b>Interests:</b> polymer insulation materials; high-performance rubber nanocomposites; energy materials<br> <a href="#" id="editor_contrib_192796" onclick="div_toggle(this.id); return false;">Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals</a> <div id="div_editor_contrib_192796" style="display: none"> Special Issue in <a href="/journal/polymers/special_issues/Polym_Compos_Electr_Electron_Eng_Appl"> <i>Polymers</i>: Polymer Composites for Electrical and Electronic Engineering Application</a><br> Special Issue in <a href="/journal/polymers/special_issues/93S55X8393"> <i>Polymers</i>: Polymer Composites for Electrical and Electronic Engineering Applications, 2nd Edition</a><br> Special Issue in <a href="/journal/polymers/special_issues/X429B82PCG"> <i>Polymers</i>: Polymers and Polymer Composites: Structure-Property Relationship, 2nd Edition</a><br> </div> </div> </div> </div> <h2><a name="info"></a>Topical Collection Information</h2> <div> <p>Dear Colleagues,</p> <p>We cordially invite you to submit your research papers, communications, or review articles to a Topical Collection of <em>Polymers</em> entitled “Polymers and Polymer Composites: Structure-Property Relationship”. Polymers and polymer composite materials have been widely applied in our daily lives and in industrial fields. Due to the significant expansion in the use of newly developed polymers and polymer composite materials, it is necessary to understand and accurately describe the relationship between material structure and properties, as only based on thorough laboratory characterization is it possible to estimate the properties for their future commercial applications. The aim of this Topical Collection is to address the recent developments of structural/functional polymers and their composites, including fundamental structure-property relationships, preparation methods, synthesis routes, simulation models, basic mechanical properties, functional performance (heat, electrical, photoelectric, magnetic, etc.) and advanced application in daily life/industrial fields.</p> <p>We are looking forward to receiving your outstanding work on this Topical Collection.</p> <p>Dr. Shaojian He<br /><em>Collection Editor</em></p> <p><p><strong>Manuscript Submission Information</strong><p> <p>Manuscripts should be submitted online at <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/">www.mdpi.com</a> by <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/user/register/">registering</a> and <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/user/login/">logging in to this website</a>. Once you are registered, <a href="https://susy.mdpi.com/user/manuscripts/upload/?journal=polymers">click here to go to the submission form</a>. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the collection website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.</p> <p>Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/journal/polymers/instructions">Instructions for Authors</a> page. <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/journal/polymers/"><em>Polymers</em></a> is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.</p> <p> Please visit the <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/journal/polymers/instructions">Instructions for Authors</a> page before submitting a manuscript. The <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/about/apc/">Article Processing Charge (APC)</a> for publication in this <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/about/openaccess/">open access</a> journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/authors/english">English editing service</a> prior to publication or during author revisions. </p></p> </div> <h2><a name="keywords"></a>Keywords</h2> <div><ul> <li>polymer</li> <li>composites</li> <li>microstructure</li> <li>preparation</li> <li>properties</li> <li>application</li> <li>plastics</li> <li>rubber</li> <li>membrane</li> </ul></div> <div> <div> <h2><a name="published"></a>Published Papers (27 papers) </h2> </div> <div class="download_si" style="text-align: right;"> <a id="js-si-papers-download-access-captcha" href="#" data-target="/download/journal/polymers/special_issues/Polym_Polym_Compos_Struct_Prop_Relatsh/download" class="accessCaptcha">Download All Papers</a> <div style="display: inline;" class="download_si_separate"></div> </div> </div> <div> <script data-cfasync="false" src="/cdn-cgi/scripts/5c5dd728/cloudflare-static/email-decode.min.js"></script><script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> MathJax.Hub.Config({ "HTML-CSS": { availableFonts: ["TeX"], preferredFonts: "TeX", webFont:"TeX", imageFont:"TeX", undefinedFamily:"'Arial Unicode MS',serif", scale: 80, linebreaks: { automatic: true, width: "container" } }, "TeX": { extensions: ["noErrors.js"], noErrors: { inlineDelimiters: ["",""], multiLine: true, style: { "font-size": "90%", "text-align": "left", "color": "black", "padding": "1px 3px", "border": "1px solid" } } } }); MathJax.Hub.Register.StartupHook("End",function () { $(".art-abstract").css("display", "block"); }); </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/bundles/mathjax/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script> <div class="generic-item type-section" id=2024> <h2>2024</h2> <h3>Jump to: <a href="#2023">2023</a>, <a href="#2022">2022</a> </h3> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 9830 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/16/8/1074/pdf?version=1712907800" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Preparation and Performance of Epoxy/Acetylene Carbon Black Wave-Absorbing Foam" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/16/8/1074">The Preparation and Performance of Epoxy/Acetylene Carbon Black Wave-Absorbing Foam</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xiaoli Liu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hao Huang</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Haijun Lu</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(8), 1074; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16081074">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16081074</a> - 12 Apr 2024 </div> Viewed by 981 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The epoxy foam material filled with an absorbing agent effectively absorbs electromagnetic waves. In this study, epoxy resin was used as the matrix, and acetylene carbon black was used as the magnetic absorbing agent to prepare an absorbing foam material (epoxy/CB). The microstructure <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/8/1074/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The epoxy foam material filled with an absorbing agent effectively absorbs electromagnetic waves. In this study, epoxy resin was used as the matrix, and acetylene carbon black was used as the magnetic absorbing agent to prepare an absorbing foam material (epoxy/CB). The microstructure of acetylene carbon black (CB) and its distribution in epoxy resin, as well as the effects of pre-polymerization time and CB content on the foam structure, were systematically characterized. Additionally, two dispersion methods, the hot-melt in situ stirring dispersion method and the three-roll milling dispersion method, were studied for their effects on the foaming process and absorbing properties of epoxy/CB. The results showed that with the prolongation of pre-polymerization time, the pore size decreased from 1.02 mm to 0.4 mm, leading to a more uniform pore distribution. Compared to the hot-melt in situ stirring dispersion method, the three-roll milling dispersion method effectively improved the dispersion of CB in epoxy resin, reducing the aggregate size from 300–400 nm to 70–80 nm. The pore diameter also decreased from 0.453 mm to 0.311 mm, improving the uniformity of particle size distribution. However, the absorbing material prepared with the three-roll milling dispersion method exhibited unsatisfactory absorption performance, with values close to 0 dB at mid-low frequencies and around −1 dB at high frequencies. In contrast, the absorbing material prepared with the hot-melt in situ stirring dispersion method showed better absorption performance at high frequencies, reaching around −9 dB. <a href="/2073-4360/16/8/1074">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/8/1074/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1374466"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1374466"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1374466" data-cycle-prev="#prev1374466" data-cycle-progressive="#images1374466" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1374466-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g001-550.jpg?1712907884" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1374466" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1374466-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g002-550.jpg?1712907885'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1374466-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g003-550.jpg?1712907886'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1374466-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g004-550.jpg?1712907888'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1374466-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g005-550.jpg?1712907892'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1374466-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g006-550.jpg?1712907892'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1374466-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g007-550.jpg?1712907896'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1374466-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g008-550.jpg?1712907897'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1374466-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g009-550.jpg?1712907897'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1374466-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g010-550.jpg?1712907899'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1374466-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g011-550.jpg?1712907900'><p>Figure 11</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-1374466-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g012-550.jpg?1712907906'><p>Figure 12</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='12' data-target='article-1374466-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g013-550.jpg?1712907907'><p>Figure 13</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='13' data-target='article-1374466-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g014-550.jpg?1712907907'><p>Figure 14</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='14' data-target='article-1374466-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g015-550.jpg?1712907908'><p>Figure 15</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1374466-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g001-550.jpg?1712907884" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Molecular structure of azodicarbonamide.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/8/1074'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g002-550.jpg?1712907885" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>SEM images of CB: (<b>a</b>) low magnification; (<b>b</b>) high magnification.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/8/1074'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g003-550.jpg?1712907886" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Permittivity and (<b>b</b>) magnetic permeability of CB (10 wt%).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/8/1074'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g004-550.jpg?1712907888" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Distribution of CB in epoxy foam: (<b>a</b>) low magnification; (<b>b</b>) high magnification.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/8/1074'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g005-550.jpg?1712907892" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Cross-sectional SEM images of epoxy/CB resin prepared using different dispersion methods: (<b>a</b>) in situ mechanical stirring; (<b>b</b>) three-roll milling.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/8/1074'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g006-550.jpg?1712907892" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Influence of dispersion process on the viscosity characteristics of epoxy/CB resin (constant temperature at 140 °C).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/8/1074'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g007-550.jpg?1712907896" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Effect of dispersion methods on foam morphology: (<b>a</b>) in situ mechanical stirring; (<b>b</b>) three-roll milling.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/8/1074'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g008-550.jpg?1712907897" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Impact of dispersion methods on the pore size distribution of epoxy/CB foam: (<b>a</b>) in situ mechanical stirring; (<b>b</b>) three-roll milling.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/8/1074'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g009-550.jpg?1712907897" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Reflectivity of foams prepared by three-roll milling and in situ mechanical stirring.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/8/1074'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g010-550.jpg?1712907899" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Effect of pre-polymerization time on the pore structure of CB/epoxy foam (2 wt% CB content): (<b>a</b>) 0 min; (<b>b</b>) 20 min; (<b>c</b>) 40 min.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/8/1074'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g011-550.jpg?1712907900" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Effect of pre-polymerization time on the pore size distribution of CB/epoxy foam.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/8/1074'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g012-550.jpg?1712907906" title=" <strong>Figure 12</strong><br/> <p>Influence of CB content on pore structure (pre-polymerization time of 40 min): (<b>a</b>) 0 wt% CB content; (<b>b</b>) 1 wt% CB content; (<b>c</b>) 2 wt% CB content; (<b>d</b>) 3 wt% CB content.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/8/1074'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g013-550.jpg?1712907907" title=" <strong>Figure 13</strong><br/> <p>Influence of CB content on foam wave-absorbing performance (10 mm thickness).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/8/1074'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g014-550.jpg?1712907907" title=" <strong>Figure 14</strong><br/> <p>Influence of CB content on foam density.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/8/1074'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-01074/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-01074-g015-550.jpg?1712907908" title=" <strong>Figure 15</strong><br/> <p>Influence of foam thickness on electrical performance (3 wt% CB content).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/8/1074'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 12 pages, 2867 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/16/6/763/pdf?version=1710209346" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Effect of Methyl Hydro-Silicone Oil Content and Aging Time on Compression Modulus and Breakdown Strength of Additional Liquid Silicone Rubber Gel" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/16/6/763">Effect of Methyl Hydro-Silicone Oil Content and Aging Time on Compression Modulus and Breakdown Strength of Additional Liquid Silicone Rubber Gel</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kun Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yun Chen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Wei Yang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Bo Qiao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jian Qiao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jianfei He</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Qinying Ning</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(6), 763; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16060763">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16060763</a> - 10 Mar 2024 </div> Viewed by 1545 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The performance of silicone rubber gel elastomers is affected by the composition and structure of the crosslinker. In this work, a two-component addition liquid silicone rubber gel material was developed, and the effects of the contents of two methyl hydro-silicone oils on the <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/6/763/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The performance of silicone rubber gel elastomers is affected by the composition and structure of the crosslinker. In this work, a two-component addition liquid silicone rubber gel material was developed, and the effects of the contents of two methyl hydro-silicone oils on the compression modulus and breakdown strength of the silicone rubber gel insulating material, as well as the performance change after hot air aging at different times (24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h, 120 h, 144 h, 168 h), were studied. The results showed that the breakdown strength and compression modulus exhibited an upward trend with the increase in the hydrogen silicone oil content. The best performance was achieved in the silicone rubber gel with Si-H:Si-Vi = 1.4:1. Moreover, with the increase in aging time, the breakdown strength decreased and the compression modulus increased. <a href="/2073-4360/16/6/763">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/6/763/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1354553"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1354553"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1354553" data-cycle-prev="#prev1354553" data-cycle-progressive="#images1354553" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1354553-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g001-550.jpg?1710209425" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1354553" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1354553-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g002-550.jpg?1710209425'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1354553-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g003-550.jpg?1710209426'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1354553-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g004a-550.jpg?1710209427'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1354553-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g004b-550.jpg?1710209428'><p>Figure 4 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1354553-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g005-550.jpg?1710209429'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1354553-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g006-550.jpg?1710209430'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1354553-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g007-550.jpg?1710209431'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1354553-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g008-550.jpg?1710209432'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1354553-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g009-550.jpg?1710209433'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1354553-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g010-550.jpg?1710209434'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-1354553-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g011-550.jpg?1710209435'><p>Figure 11</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1354553-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g001-550.jpg?1710209425" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Schematic diagram of the addition reaction of silicone elastomers.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/6/763'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g002-550.jpg?1710209425" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Schematic diagram of the molecular structure of (<b>a</b>) HSil-100 and (<b>b</b>) ViHSil-100.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/6/763'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g003-550.jpg?1710209426" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) FTIR spectra of ViSil-100, HSil-100, and cured samples; (<b>b</b>) FTIR spectra of cured samples in the range 2100–2200 cm<sup>−1</sup>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/6/763'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g004a-550.jpg?1710209427" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectra of ViSil-100; (<b>b</b>) <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectra of ViSil-100; (<b>c</b>) <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectra of HSil-100; (<b>d</b>) <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectra of HSil-100.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/6/763'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g004b-550.jpg?1710209428" title=" <strong>Figure 4 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectra of ViSil-100; (<b>b</b>) <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectra of ViSil-100; (<b>c</b>) <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectra of HSil-100; (<b>d</b>) <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectra of HSil-100.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/6/763'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g005-550.jpg?1710209429" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Schematic diagram of the compression modulus of silicone rubber gels with different hydrogen-containing silicone oils as crosslinkers.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/6/763'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g006-550.jpg?1710209430" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Weibull distribution of the breakdown strength of silicone rubber gels: (<b>a</b>) ViSil-100 as the matrix and HSil-65 as the crosslinker; (<b>b</b>) ViSil-100 as the matrix and HSil-100 as the crosslinker.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/6/763'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g007-550.jpg?1710209431" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Compression modulus of silicone rubber gel at different aging times.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/6/763'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g008-550.jpg?1710209432" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Weibull distribution of breakdown strength of silicone rubber gel at different aging times.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/6/763'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g009-550.jpg?1710209433" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>FTIR spectra of silicone rubber gel samples before and after aging.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/6/763'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g010-550.jpg?1710209434" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>XPS spectra of the sample before and after aging.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/6/763'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00763/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00763-g011-550.jpg?1710209435" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>TGA curves of the sample before and after aging.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/6/763'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 23 pages, 21120 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/16/5/708/pdf?version=1709813833" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Post-Heat Flexural Properties of Siloxane-Modified Epoxy/Phenolic Composites Reinforced by Glass Fiber" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/16/5/708">Post-Heat Flexural Properties of Siloxane-Modified Epoxy/Phenolic Composites Reinforced by Glass Fiber</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yundong Ji</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xinchen Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Changzeng Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shuxin Li</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Dongfeng Cao</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(5), 708; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16050708">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16050708</a> - 5 Mar 2024 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/16/5/708#metrics">Cited by 2</a> | Viewed by 1394 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The post-heat mechanical property is one of the important indices for the fire-resistance evaluation of fiber-reinforced polymers. At present, the primary approach to improving the post-heat mechanical property of a material involves incorporating inorganic fillers; yet, the enhancement is limited, and is accompanied <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/5/708/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The post-heat mechanical property is one of the important indices for the fire-resistance evaluation of fiber-reinforced polymers. At present, the primary approach to improving the post-heat mechanical property of a material involves incorporating inorganic fillers; yet, the enhancement is limited, and is accompanied by a reduction in room-temperature performance and processability. This study prepares glass-fiber-reinforced composites with elevated mechanical properties after heat through utilizing two variants of epoxy resins modified with polysiloxane, phenolic resin, kaolin, and graphite. In comparison to the phenolic samples, the phenylpropylsiloxane-modified epoxy resulted in a 115% rise in post-heat flexural strength and a 70% increase in the room-temperature flexural strength of phenolic composites. On the other hand, dimethylsiloxane-modified epoxy leads to a 117% improvement in post-heat flexural strength but a 44% decrease in the room-temperature flexural strength of phenolic composites. Macroscopic/microscopic morphologies and a residual structure model of the composites after heat reveal that, during high temperature exposure, the pyrolysis products of polysiloxane promote interactions between carbon elements and fillers, thus preserving more residues and improving the dimensional stability as well as the density of materials. Consequently, a notable enhancement is observed in both the post-heat flexural strength and the mass of carbon residue after the incorporation of polysiloxane and fillers into the materials. The pyrolysis products of polysiloxane-modified epoxy play a vital role in enhancing the post-heat flexural strength by promoting carbon retention, carbon fixation, and interactions with fillers, offering novel pathways for the development of advanced composites with superior fire-resistance properties. <a href="/2073-4360/16/5/708">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/5/708/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1351471"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1351471"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1351471" data-cycle-prev="#prev1351471" data-cycle-progressive="#images1351471" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g001-550.jpg?1709813971" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1351471" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g002-550.jpg?1709813973'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g003-550.jpg?1709813975'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g004-550.jpg?1709813975'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g005-550.jpg?1709813976'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g006-550.jpg?1709813977'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g007-550.jpg?1709813979'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g008-550.jpg?1709813981'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g009-550.jpg?1709813983'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g010-550.jpg?1709813985'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g011-550.jpg?1709813986'><p>Figure 11</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g012-550.jpg?1709813987'><p>Figure 12</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='12' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g013-550.jpg?1709813988'><p>Figure 13</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='13' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g014-550.jpg?1709813990'><p>Figure 14</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='14' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g015-550.jpg?1709813992'><p>Figure 15</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='15' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g016-550.jpg?1709813995'><p>Figure 16</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='16' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g017-550.jpg?1709813997'><p>Figure 17</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='17' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g018-550.jpg?1709814000'><p>Figure 18</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='18' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g019-550.jpg?1709814003'><p>Figure 19</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='19' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g020-550.jpg?1709814005'><p>Figure 20</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='20' data-target='article-1351471-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g021-550.jpg?1709814006'><p>Figure 21</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1351471-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g001-550.jpg?1709813971" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The chemical reaction of Eph (<b>a</b>) and EM (<b>b</b>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g002-550.jpg?1709813973" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Physical appearances of composites.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g003-550.jpg?1709813975" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Composites in the furnace (<b>a</b>) and the time–temperature curve of ASTM 3059-18 [<a href="#B5-polymers-16-00708" class="html-bibr">5</a>] (<b>b</b>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g004-550.jpg?1709813975" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Volcanic pores on the surface (<b>a</b>) and distortion of the structure (<b>b</b>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g005-550.jpg?1709813976" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Volcanic pores (<b>a</b>) and distortion (<b>b</b>) at the position of three-point loading.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g006-550.jpg?1709813977" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Flexural strength of N-Composite, K-Composite, and KG-Composite systems at room temperature.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g007-550.jpg?1709813979" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>The resin char yield and mixture char yield (<b>a</b>); flexural strength and maximum load (<b>b</b>) of composites after heat.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g008-550.jpg?1709813981" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Upper surface and side morphologies of PF/GF, E51/PF/GF, EPh/PF/GF, and EM/PF/GF after heat (the solid arrow points to the pores and volcanic pores, while the solid line indicates distortion).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g009-550.jpg?1709813983" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Upper surface and side morphologies of PF/K/GF, E51/PF/K/GF, EPh/PF/K/GF, and EM/PF/K/GF after heat (the solid arrow points to the pores, the dashed arrow points to the linear cracks, and the solid line indicates distortion).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g010-550.jpg?1709813985" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Upper surface and side morphologies of PF/KG/GF, E51/PF/KG/GF, EPh/PF/KG/GF, and EM/PF/KG/GF after heat (the solid arrow points to pores, while the solid line indicates distortion).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g011-550.jpg?1709813986" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Macroscopic cross-section of PF/GF, E51/PF/GF, EPh/PF/GF, and EM/PF/GF after heat. (The solid arrow points to the vent hole).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g012-550.jpg?1709813987" title=" <strong>Figure 12</strong><br/> <p>Macroscopic cross-section of PF/K/GF, E51/PF/K/GF, EPh/PF/K/GF, and EM/PF/K/GF after heat. (The solid arrow points to the vent hole, while the dashed arrow points to the layered composite structure).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g013-550.jpg?1709813988" title=" <strong>Figure 13</strong><br/> <p>Macroscopic cross-section of PF/KG/GF, E51/PF/KG/GF, EPh/PF/KG/GF, and EM/PF/KG/GF after heat. (The solid arrow points to the vent hole).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g014-550.jpg?1709813990" title=" <strong>Figure 14</strong><br/> <p>The microscopic morphologies of surfaces of PF/GF, E51/PF/GF, EPh/PF/GF, and EM/PF/GF after heat.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g015-550.jpg?1709813992" title=" <strong>Figure 15</strong><br/> <p>The microscopic morphologies of surfaces of PF/K/GF, E51/PF/K/GF, EPh/PF/K/GF, and EM/PF/K/GF after heat.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g016-550.jpg?1709813995" title=" <strong>Figure 16</strong><br/> <p>The microscopic morphologies of surfaces of PF/KG/GF, E51/PF/KG/GF, EPh/PF/KG/GF, and EM/PF/KG/GF after heat.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g017-550.jpg?1709813997" title=" <strong>Figure 17</strong><br/> <p>The microscopic morphologies of cross-sections of PF/GF, E51/PF/GF, EPh/PF/GF, and EM/PF/GF after heat.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g018-550.jpg?1709814000" title=" <strong>Figure 18</strong><br/> <p>The microscopic morphologies of cross-sections of PF/K/GF, E51/PF/K/GF, EPh/PF/K/GF, and EM/PF/K/GF after heat.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g019-550.jpg?1709814003" title=" <strong>Figure 19</strong><br/> <p>The microscopic morphologies of cross-sections of PF/KG/GF, E51/PF/KG/GF, EPh/PF/KG/GF, and EM/PF/KG/GF after heat.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g020-550.jpg?1709814005" title=" <strong>Figure 20</strong><br/> <p>Thermal decomposition process and residual structure model of composites. (<b>a</b>–<b>g</b>) show the first stage, second stage, and third stage of thermal decomposition process of composites, respectively. Additionally, (<b>c</b>–<b>g</b>) depict the residual structure of N-Composite, K-Composite and KG-Composite, respectively.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00708/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00708-g021-550.jpg?1709814006" title=" <strong>Figure 21</strong><br/> <p>The fusion morphologies of glass fibers of composites during the pyrolysis process. (<b>a</b>–<b>d</b>) show the fusion morphologies of glass fibers of composites during the pyrolysis process. Additionally, the fusion morphologies of (<b>a</b>–<b>d</b>) are labeled as “dumbbell” shape, “three-leaf clover” shape, “four-leaf clover” shape and “wave” shape, respectively.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/708'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 11 pages, 5896 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/16/5/698/pdf?version=1709540230" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Preparation, Structure and Properties of Epoxy/Carbonyl Iron Powder Wave-Absorbing Foam for Electromagnetic Shielding" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/16/5/698">Preparation, Structure and Properties of Epoxy/Carbonyl Iron Powder Wave-Absorbing Foam for Electromagnetic Shielding</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xiaoli Liu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hao Huang</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Haijun Lu</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2024</b>, <em>16</em>(5), 698; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16050698">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16050698</a> - 4 Mar 2024 </div> Viewed by 1752 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The application of absorbing materials for electromagnetic shielding is becoming extensive, and the use of absorbents is one of the most important points of preparing absorbing foam materials. In this work, epoxy resin was used as the matrix and carbonyl iron powder (CIP) <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/5/698/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The application of absorbing materials for electromagnetic shielding is becoming extensive, and the use of absorbents is one of the most important points of preparing absorbing foam materials. In this work, epoxy resin was used as the matrix and carbonyl iron powder (CIP) was used as the absorbent, and the structural absorbing foam materials were prepared by the ball mill dispersion method. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the CIP was evenly dispersed in the resin matrix. The foam structures formed at pre-polymerization times of 10 min, 30 min and 50 min were analyzed, and it was found that the cell diameter decreased from 0.47 mm to 0.31 mm with the increase in the pre-polymerization time. The reflectivity of the frontal and reverse sides of the foam gradually tends to be unified at frequencies of 2–18 GHz. When the CIP content increased from 30 wt% to 70 wt%, the cell diameter increased from 0.32 mm to 0.4 mm, and the uniformity of CIP distribution deteriorated. However, with the increase in the CIP content, the absorption properties of the composite materials were enhanced, and the absorption frequency band broadened. When the CIP content reached 70 wt%, the compression strength and modulus of the foam increased to 1.32 MPa and 139.0 MPa, respectively, indicating a strong ability to resist deformation. <a href="/2073-4360/16/5/698">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/16/5/698/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1350806"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1350806"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1350806" data-cycle-prev="#prev1350806" data-cycle-progressive="#images1350806" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1350806-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g001-550.jpg?1709540361" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1350806" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1350806-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g002-550.jpg?1709540363'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1350806-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g003-550.jpg?1709540363'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1350806-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g004-550.jpg?1709540365'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1350806-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g005-550.jpg?1709540367'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1350806-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g006-550.jpg?1709540368'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1350806-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g007-550.jpg?1709540369'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1350806-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g008-550.jpg?1709540370'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1350806-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g009-550.jpg?1709540374'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1350806-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g010-550.jpg?1709540374'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1350806-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g011-550.jpg?1709540375'><p>Figure 11</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-1350806-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g012-550.jpg?1709540375'><p>Figure 12</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1350806-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g001-550.jpg?1709540361" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Microwave transport path in porous material.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/698'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g002-550.jpg?1709540363" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>SEM image of CIP.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/698'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g003-550.jpg?1709540363" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Electromagnetic parameters of CIP (80%) with the matrix of binder. (<b>a</b>) Permittivity. (<b>b</b>) Permeability.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/698'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g004-550.jpg?1709540365" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>SEM images of CIP/epoxy resin sections with CIP content of 50 wt% prepared by (<b>a</b>) hot melt in situ stirring method and (<b>b</b>) ball mill dispersion method.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/698'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g005-550.jpg?1709540367" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Distribution of CIP in foam with content of 50 wt%.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/698'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g006-550.jpg?1709540368" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Effect of pre-polymerization time on cell morphology of CIP/epoxy with CIP content of 50 wt%: (<b>a</b>) 10 min; (<b>b</b>) 30 min; (<b>c</b>) 50 min.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/698'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g007-550.jpg?1709540369" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Effect of pre-polymerization time on CIP/epoxy pore size distribution: (<b>a</b>) 10 min; (<b>b</b>) 30 min; (<b>c</b>) 50 min.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/698'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g008-550.jpg?1709540370" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Effect of pre-polymerization time on absorption properties of CIP/epoxy foam with CIP content of 50 wt% and thickness of 10 mm: (<b>a</b>) 10 min; (<b>b</b>) 30 min; (<b>c</b>) 50 min.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/698'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g009-550.jpg?1709540374" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Effect of CIP content on cell structure with pre-polymerization time of 50 min: (<b>a</b>) 0 wt%; (<b>b</b>) 30 wt%; (<b>c</b>) 50 wt%; (<b>d</b>) 70 wt%.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/698'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g010-550.jpg?1709540374" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Effect of CIP content on cell diameter: 0 wt%; 30 wt%; 50 wt%; 70 wt%.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/698'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g011-550.jpg?1709540375" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Effect of CIP content on absorption performance with pre-polymerization time of 50 min and thickness of 10 mm.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/698'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-16-00698/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-16-00698-g012-550.jpg?1709540375" title=" <strong>Figure 12</strong><br/> <p>Effect of CIP content on foam density.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/16/5/698'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item type-section" id=2023> <h2>2023</h2> <h3>Jump to: <a href="#2024">2024</a>, <a href="#2022">2022</a> </h3> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1271971" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1271971" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1271971" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2073-4360/15/21/4289/s1?version=1698767627"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 427 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 19 pages, 6625 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/15/21/4289/pdf?version=1698807042" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="On the Effect of Non-Thermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment on the Properties of PET Film" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/15/21/4289">On the Effect of Non-Thermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Treatment on the Properties of PET Film</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Irena Maliszewska</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Małgorzata Gazińska</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Maciej Łojkowski</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Emilia Choińska</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Daria Nowinski</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tomasz Czapka</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Wojciech Święszkowski</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(21), 4289; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15214289">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15214289</a> - 31 Oct 2023 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/15/21/4289#metrics">Cited by 6</a> | Viewed by 2230 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The aim of the work was to investigate the effect of non-thermal plasma treatment of an ultra-thin polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film on changes in its physicochemical properties and biodegradability. Plasma treatment using a dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor was carried out in air <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/21/4289/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The aim of the work was to investigate the effect of non-thermal plasma treatment of an ultra-thin polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film on changes in its physicochemical properties and biodegradability. Plasma treatment using a dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor was carried out in air at room temperature and atmospheric pressure twice for 5 and 15 min, respectively. It has been shown that pre-treatment of the PET surface with non-thermal atmospheric plasma leads to changes in the physicochemical properties of this polymer. After plasma modification, the films showed a more developed surface compared to the control samples, which may be related to the surface etching and oxidation processes. After a 5-min plasma exposure, PET films were characterized by the highest wettability, i.e., the contact angle decreased by more than twice compared to the untreated samples. The differential scanning calorimetry analysis revealed the influence of plasma pretreatment on crystallinity content and the melt crystallization behavior of PET after soil degradation. The main novelty of the work is the fact that the combined action of two factors (i.e., physical and biological) led to a reduction in the content of the crystalline phase in the tested polymeric material. <a href="/2073-4360/15/21/4289">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/21/4289/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1271971"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1271971"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1271971" data-cycle-prev="#prev1271971" data-cycle-progressive="#images1271971" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1271971-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04289/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04289-g001a-550.jpg?1698807123" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1271971" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1271971-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04289/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04289-g001b-550.jpg?1698807124'><p>Figure 1 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1271971-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04289/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04289-g002-550.jpg?1698807127'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1271971-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04289/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04289-g003-550.jpg?1698807129'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1271971-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04289/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04289-g004-550.jpg?1698807130'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1271971-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04289/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04289-g005-550.jpg?1698807132'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1271971-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04289/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04289-g006-550.jpg?1698807134'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1271971-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04289/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04289-g007-550.jpg?1698807136'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1271971-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04289/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04289-g008-550.jpg?1698807140'><p>Figure 8</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1271971-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04289/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04289-g001a-550.jpg?1698807123" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Images of the surface morphology of PET film—atomic force microscopy 3D projections of films topography (the color scale corresponds to the height values): (<b>a</b>) PET<sub>control</sub> (scale 30 μm × 30 μm); (<b>b</b>) PET<sub>control</sub> (scale 2 μm × 2 μm); (<b>c</b>) PET<sub>plasma 5min</sub> (scale 30 μm × 30 μm); (<b>d</b>) PET<sub>plasma 5min</sub> (scale 2 μm × 2 μm); (<b>e</b>) PET<sub>plasma 15min</sub> (scale 30 μm × 30 μm); (<b>f</b>) PET<sub>plasma 15min</sub> (scale 2 μm × 2 μm).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/21/4289'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04289/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04289-g001b-550.jpg?1698807124" title=" <strong>Figure 1 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Images of the surface morphology of PET film—atomic force microscopy 3D projections of films topography (the color scale corresponds to the height values): (<b>a</b>) PET<sub>control</sub> (scale 30 μm × 30 μm); (<b>b</b>) PET<sub>control</sub> (scale 2 μm × 2 μm); (<b>c</b>) PET<sub>plasma 5min</sub> (scale 30 μm × 30 μm); (<b>d</b>) PET<sub>plasma 5min</sub> (scale 2 μm × 2 μm); (<b>e</b>) PET<sub>plasma 15min</sub> (scale 30 μm × 30 μm); (<b>f</b>) PET<sub>plasma 15min</sub> (scale 2 μm × 2 μm).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/21/4289'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04289/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04289-g002-550.jpg?1698807127" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Images of the surface morphology of PET film—lateral force microscopy of PET films (the color scale corresponds to the friction values): (<b>a</b>) PET<sub>control</sub> (scale 30 μm × 30 μm); (<b>b</b>) PET<sub>control</sub> (scale 2 μm × 2 μm); (<b>c</b>) PET<sub>plasma 5min</sub> (scale 30 μm × 30 μm); (<b>d</b>) PET<sub>plasma 5min</sub> (scale 2 μm × 2 μm); (<b>e</b>) PET<sub>plasma 15min</sub> (scale 30 μm × 30 μm); (<b>f</b>) PET<sub>plasma 15min</sub> (scale 2 μm × 2 μm).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/21/4289'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04289/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04289-g003-550.jpg?1698807129" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Root mean square (RMS) roughness of the PET foils measured via the AFM: (<b>a</b>) roughness in case of 30 µm × 30 µm scans; (<b>b</b>) roughness in case of 2 µm × 2 µm scans. 1—PET<sub>control</sub>; 2—PET<sub>biodegraded</sub>; 3—PET<sub>plasma 5min</sub>; 4—PET<sub>plasma 5min + biodegraded</sub>; 5—PET<sub>plasma 15min</sub>; 6—PET<sub>plasma 15min + biodegraded</sub>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/21/4289'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04289/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04289-g004-550.jpg?1698807130" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>LFM results of surface topography of PET films: (<b>a</b>) average friction measured via LFM; (<b>b</b>) root mean square (RMS) of friction, denoting the variance of the data. 1—PET<sub>control</sub>; 2—PET<sub>biodegraded</sub>; 3—PET<sub>plasma 5min</sub>; 4—PET<sub>plasma 5min + biodegraded</sub>; 5—PET<sub>plasma 15min</sub>; 6—PET<sub>plasma 15min + biodegraded</sub>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/21/4289'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04289/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04289-g005-550.jpg?1698807132" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Images of water drops on PET films before (PET<sub>control</sub>) (<b>a</b>) and after treatment with the non-thermal plasma for 5 min (PET<sub>plasma 5min</sub>) (<b>b</b>), as well as at 15 min (PET<sub>plasma 15min</sub>) (<b>c</b>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/21/4289'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04289/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04289-g006-550.jpg?1698807134" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>The FTIR-ATR spectra of the reference sample (i.e., PET<sub>control</sub>) and sample after plasma modification and soil incubation (<b>a</b>) and enlarged range of 1300–1380 cm<sup>−1</sup> wavenumbers with the band at 1340 cm<sup>−1</sup> (<b>b</b>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/21/4289'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04289/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04289-g007-550.jpg?1698807136" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>The first heating (<b>a</b>) and cooling (<b>b</b>) DSC curves of the reference PET<sub>control</sub> and PET after plasma modification and soil incubation.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/21/4289'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04289/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04289-g008-550.jpg?1698807140" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Effectiveness of biofilm development on the surface of PET film before plasma treatment (PET<sub>control</sub>) (1); PET film after plasma treatment for 5 min (PET<sub>plasma 5min</sub>) (2); PET film after plasma treatment for 15 min (PET<sub>plasma 15min</sub>) (3). Scanning electron microscopic images of (<b>b</b>) PET<sub>control</sub> and (<b>c</b>) PET<sub>plasma 5min</sub> surfaces.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/21/4289'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 18 pages, 8672 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/15/20/4090/pdf?version=1697352738" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Tensile Properties of Four Types of ABS Lattice Structures—A Comparative Study" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/15/20/4090">Tensile Properties of Four Types of ABS Lattice Structures—A Comparative Study</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Katarina Monkova</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Peter Pavol Monka</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Romana Hricová</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Berenika Hausnerova</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lucia Knapčíková</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(20), 4090; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15204090">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15204090</a> - 15 Oct 2023 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/15/20/4090#metrics">Cited by 3</a> | Viewed by 1880 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> This article aims to compare the behaviour of four types of lattice structures named Cartesian, Rhomboid, Octagonal, and Starlit under tensile stress loading. The structures were made of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) material using the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) technique with three different <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/20/4090/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> This article aims to compare the behaviour of four types of lattice structures named Cartesian, Rhomboid, Octagonal, and Starlit under tensile stress loading. The structures were made of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) material using the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) technique with three different specific volumes (24, 42, and 60%). Five samples of each type were produced, and a total of 60 samples were tested. Experimental testing was performed according to EN ISO 527-1:2012 and EN ISO 527-2:2012. The obtained data were statistically processed, while no outliers were identified. The experimental results pointed out that the specimens’ topology, together with the specific volume, very significantly affected the resultant ABS properties of the tested samples made of the same material. The comparative study showed that in terms of ultimate strength, yield strength, and Young’s modulus, the Cartesian structure appeared to be the most suitable for tensile stress, and the least suitable structure was the Rhomboid structure. On the other hand, the Rhomboid-type of the structure showed not only the highest amount of absorbed energy but also the highest toughness among the investigated lattice structures, so in the near future, its behaviour under an impact test should be studied. <a href="/2073-4360/15/20/4090">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/20/4090/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1260053"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1260053"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1260053" data-cycle-prev="#prev1260053" data-cycle-progressive="#images1260053" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1260053-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g001-550.jpg?1697352822" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1260053" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1260053-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g002-550.jpg?1697352825'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1260053-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g003-550.jpg?1697352827'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1260053-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g004-550.jpg?1697352828'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1260053-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g005-550.jpg?1697352830'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1260053-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g006-550.jpg?1697352832'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1260053-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g007-550.jpg?1697352834'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1260053-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g008-550.jpg?1697352834'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1260053-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g009-550.jpg?1697352835'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1260053-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g010-550.jpg?1697352836'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1260053-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g011-550.jpg?1697352837'><p>Figure 11</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1260053-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g001-550.jpg?1697352822" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Problems encountered during sample production; (<b>a</b>) Problem with radius slicing in Slic3r software Ultimaker Cura 4.7; (<b>b</b>) Sample printed with a 0.6 diameter nozzle; (<b>c</b>) Sample printed with a nozzle with a diameter of 0.2.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/20/4090'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g002-550.jpg?1697352825" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>One series of samples with Cartesian (C), Octagonal (O), Starlit (S) and Rhomboid (R) lattice structures with three different specific volumes made of ABS material via FFF technology.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/20/4090'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g003-550.jpg?1697352827" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Configuration of the measuring set.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/20/4090'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g004-550.jpg?1697352828" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>The principle of calculating (<b>a</b>) The amount of absorbed energy during the test for the sample R42; (<b>b</b>) The toughness of the sample C24.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/20/4090'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g005-550.jpg?1697352830" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>The influence of the type of lattice structure of the material on the behaviouImprovedr of specimens under tensile stress for three different specific volumes <span class="html-italic">Sv</span>: (<b>a</b>) <span class="html-italic">Sv</span> = 24%; (<b>b</b>) <span class="html-italic">Sv</span> = 42%; (<b>c</b>) <span class="html-italic">Sv</span> = 60%.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/20/4090'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g006-550.jpg?1697352832" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Effect of the type of structure on (<b>a</b>) Yield strength; (<b>b</b>) Young´s modulus; for all investigated specific volumes <span class="html-italic">Sv</span> = 24, 42 and 60%.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/20/4090'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g007-550.jpg?1697352834" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>The influence of the specific volume of the material on the behaviour of samples under tensile stress for four types of lattice structures: (<b>a</b>) Cartesian; (<b>b</b>) Octagonal; (<b>c</b>) Rhomboid; (<b>d</b>) Starlit.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/20/4090'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g008-550.jpg?1697352834" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>The effect of specific volume on Young´s modulus.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/20/4090'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g009-550.jpg?1697352835" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>The effect of a specific volume on (<b>a</b>) Yield strength; (<b>b</b>) Ultimate strength.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/20/4090'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g010-550.jpg?1697352836" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>The ability of a unit volume of material to carry a load in tension at investigated specific volumes (<span class="html-italic">Sv</span>) of the lattice structures.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/20/4090'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-04090/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-04090-g011-550.jpg?1697352837" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Effect of the structure type and specific volume on (<b>a</b>) Energy absorption; (<b>b</b>) Toughness; for all investigated specific volumes <span class="html-italic">Sv</span> = 24, 42 and 60%.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/20/4090'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 20 pages, 13951 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/15/13/2944/pdf?version=1688472372" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Effect of Conductive Polyaniline on the Anti-Fouling and Electromagnetic Properties of Polydimethylsiloxane Coatings" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/15/13/2944">The Effect of Conductive Polyaniline on the Anti-Fouling and Electromagnetic Properties of Polydimethylsiloxane Coatings</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yarui Guo</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yuhong Qi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Chen Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shukun Zhang</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhanping Zhang</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(13), 2944; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15132944">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15132944</a> - 4 Jul 2023 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/15/13/2944#metrics">Cited by 4</a> | Viewed by 1631 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> In this paper, four conductive polyaniline powders doped in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and sulfonic acid were selected and blended with polydimethylsiloxane to prepare coatings with an electromagnetic absorption effect and fouling desorption effect, respectively. A UV spectrophotometer was used to <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/13/2944/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> In this paper, four conductive polyaniline powders doped in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and sulfonic acid were selected and blended with polydimethylsiloxane to prepare coatings with an electromagnetic absorption effect and fouling desorption effect, respectively. A UV spectrophotometer was used to evaluate the settling rate of the powders. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, laser confocal microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the morphology and structure of the powder and the coating. The interface properties of the coatings were characterized using a contact angle measurement, the mechanical properties of the coatings using a tensile test, and the electromagnetic properties of the powders and microwave absorption properties of the coatings using vector network analyzers. Meanwhile, the antifouling performance of the coatings was evaluated via the marine bacteria adhesion test and benthic diatom adhesion test, and the effect of conductive polyaniline on the antifouling performance of the coating was analyzed. The results show that adding polyaniline reduced the surface energy of the coating and increased the roughness, mechanical properties and anti-fouling properties of the coating. Moreover, adding appropriate polyaniline powder can enhance the electromagnetic wave loss of the coating. The followings values were recorded for a hydrochloric-acid-doped polyaniline coating: lowest surface energy of 17.17 mJ/m<sup>2</sup>, maximum fracture strength of 0.95 MPa, maximum elongation of 155%, maximum bandwidth of 3.81 GHz, and peak of reflection loss of −23.15 dB. The bacterial detachment rate of the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) samples was only 30.37%. The bacterial adhesion rates of the composite coating containing hydrochloric-acid-doped polyaniline were 4.95% and 2.72% after rinsing and washing, respectively, and the desorption rate was 45.35%. The chlorophyll concentration values were 0.0057 mg/L and 0.0028 mg/L, respectively, and the desorption rate was 54.62%. <a href="/2073-4360/15/13/2944">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/13/2944/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1186772"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1186772"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1186772" data-cycle-prev="#prev1186772" data-cycle-progressive="#images1186772" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1186772-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g001-550.jpg?1688472610" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1186772" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1186772-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g002-550.jpg?1688472616'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1186772-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g003-550.jpg?1688472613'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1186772-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g004-550.jpg?1688472610'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1186772-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g005-550.jpg?1688472606'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1186772-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g006-550.jpg?1688472612'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1186772-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g007-550.jpg?1688472598'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1186772-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g008-550.jpg?1688472603'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1186772-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g009-550.jpg?1688472599'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1186772-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g010-550.jpg?1688472601'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1186772-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g011-550.jpg?1688472604'><p>Figure 11</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-1186772-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g012-550.jpg?1688472597'><p>Figure 12</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='12' data-target='article-1186772-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g013-550.jpg?1688472611'><p>Figure 13</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='13' data-target='article-1186772-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g014-550.jpg?1688472594'><p>Figure 14</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1186772-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g001-550.jpg?1688472610" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Sedimentation rate curves of the studied PANI powder.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/13/2944'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g002-550.jpg?1688472616" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>SEM morphology of PANI powder: (<b>a</b>) PH; (<b>b</b>) PS; (<b>c</b>) PP; (<b>d</b>) PD.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/13/2944'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g003-550.jpg?1688472613" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>FTIR spectrum of the studied PANI powder.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/13/2944'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g004-550.jpg?1688472610" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Studied PANI powders: (<b>a</b>) ε′; (<b>b</b>) ε″; (<b>c</b>) μ′; (<b>d</b>) μ″.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/13/2944'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g005-550.jpg?1688472606" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Studied PANI powder: (<b>a</b>) ε″/ε′; (<b>b</b>) μ″/μ′.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/13/2944'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g006-550.jpg?1688472612" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Calculated RL at 2–18 GHz for the studied PANI with thickness of 3.1 mm.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/13/2944'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g007-550.jpg?1688472598" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Stress–strain curves of the coatings.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/13/2944'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g008-550.jpg?1688472603" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>CLSM morphology of the coatings: (<b>a</b>) PH-P; (<b>b</b>) PS-P; (<b>c</b>) PP-P; (<b>d</b>) PD-P.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/13/2944'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g009-550.jpg?1688472599" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>The roughness of the coatings.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/13/2944'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g010-550.jpg?1688472601" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Anti-bacteria performance of the coatings: (<b>a</b>) bacterial adhesion rate; (<b>b</b>) removal rate of adhered bacteria; (<b>c</b>) bacterial colony photos on the medium at 72 h.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/13/2944'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g011-550.jpg?1688472604" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Anti-<span class="html-italic">Navicula</span> adhesion tests: (<b>a</b>) adhesion rate with rinsing and washing; (<b>b</b>) Removal rate of <span class="html-italic">Navicula</span> attached on the coatings.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/13/2944'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g012-550.jpg?1688472597" title=" <strong>Figure 12</strong><br/> <p>3D microwave absorption effect of the coatings (absorbing layer thickness 0–5 mm). (<b>a</b>) 0-P; (<b>b</b>) PH-P; (<b>c</b>) PS-P; (<b>d</b>) PP-P; (<b>e</b>) PD-P.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/13/2944'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g013-550.jpg?1688472611" title=" <strong>Figure 13</strong><br/> <p>The relative bonding force and bacterial removal rate of the coatings.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/13/2944'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02944/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02944-g014-550.jpg?1688472594" title=" <strong>Figure 14</strong><br/> <p>The bacterial removal rate and roughness of the coatings.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/13/2944'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 6519 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/15/12/2753/pdf?version=1687259938" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Effect of SEBS Molecular Structure and Formula Composition on the Performance of SEBS/PP TPE for Automotive Interior Skin" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/15/12/2753">Effect of SEBS Molecular Structure and Formula Composition on the Performance of SEBS/PP TPE for Automotive Interior Skin</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shuwen Liu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jun Qiu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lili Han</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Junping Luan</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xueyan Ma</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Wenquan Chen</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(12), 2753; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122753">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122753</a> - 20 Jun 2023 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/15/12/2753#metrics">Cited by 4</a> | Viewed by 3280 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The hydrogenated styrene–butadiene–styrene block copolymer (SEBS)/Polypropylene (PP)-blended thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) is an ideal material for automotive interior skin applications due to its excellent elasticity, weather resistance, and environmentally friendly characteristics such as low odor and low volatile organic compounds (VOC). As a thin-wall <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/12/2753/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The hydrogenated styrene–butadiene–styrene block copolymer (SEBS)/Polypropylene (PP)-blended thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) is an ideal material for automotive interior skin applications due to its excellent elasticity, weather resistance, and environmentally friendly characteristics such as low odor and low volatile organic compounds (VOC). As a thin-wall injection-molded appearance skin product, it requires both high fluidity and good mechanical properties with scratch resistance. To optimize the performance of the SEBS/PP-blended TPE skin material, an orthogonal experiment and other methods were employed to investigate the impact of the formula composition and raw material characteristics, such as the styrene content and molecular structure of SEBS, on the TPE’s final performance. The outcomes revealed that the ratio of SEBS/PP had the most significant influence on the mechanical properties, fluidity, and wear resistance of the final products. The mechanical performance was enhanced by increasing the PP content within a certain range. The degree of sticky touch on the TPE surface was increased as the filling oil content increased, causing the increase in sticky wear and the decrease in abrasion resistance. When the SEBS ratio of high/low styrene content was 30/70, the TPE’s overall performance was excellent. The different proportions of linear/radial SEBS also had a significant effect on the final properties of the TPE. The TPE exhibited the best wear resistance and excellent mechanical properties when the ratio of linear-shaped/star-shaped SEBS was 70/30. <a href="/2073-4360/15/12/2753">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/12/2753/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1175315"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1175315"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1175315" data-cycle-prev="#prev1175315" data-cycle-progressive="#images1175315" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1175315-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g001-550.jpg?1687260086" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1175315" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1175315-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g002-550.jpg?1687260090'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1175315-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g003-550.jpg?1687260080'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1175315-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g004-550.jpg?1687260077'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1175315-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g005-550.jpg?1687260085'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1175315-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g006-550.jpg?1687260079'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1175315-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g007-550.jpg?1687260076'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1175315-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g008-550.jpg?1687260078'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1175315-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g009a-550.jpg?1687260083'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1175315-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g009b-550.jpg?1687260088'><p>Figure 9 Cont.</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1175315-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g001-550.jpg?1687260086" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Comparison of abrasion scars of Sample 7 and Sample 8. (<b>a</b>,<b>b</b>) are the pictures of Sample 7 and Sample 8 magnified 40 times, respectively, (<b>c</b>,<b>d</b>) are partial magnifications of (<b>a</b>,<b>b</b>) with a magnification of 200 times.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/12/2753'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g002-550.jpg?1687260090" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>AFM Images of Sample 7 and Sample 8. (<b>a</b>) Sample 7, (<b>b</b>) Sample 8.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/12/2753'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g003-550.jpg?1687260080" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Effect of the ratio of high styrene content to low styrene content of SEBS on Shore Hardness.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/12/2753'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g004-550.jpg?1687260077" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Effect of the ratio of high styrene content to low styrene content of SEBS on Taber Abrasion.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/12/2753'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g005-550.jpg?1687260085" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Comparison of abrasion scars of sample of SEBS with different styrene content on Taber Abrasion. (<b>a</b>) 80/20, (<b>b</b>) 70/30, (<b>c</b>) 60/40, (<b>d</b>) 20/80.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/12/2753'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g006-550.jpg?1687260079" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Effect of SEBS with different ratio of star SEBS on MFR and Hardness.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/12/2753'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g007-550.jpg?1687260076" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Effect of SEBS with different ratio of radial SEBS on Tear Strength and Tensile Strength.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/12/2753'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g008-550.jpg?1687260078" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Effect of SEBS with different ratio of radial SEBS on Taber Abrasion.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/12/2753'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g009a-550.jpg?1687260083" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Comparison of abrasion scars of sample of SEBS with different ratio of radial SEBS on Taber Abrasion. (<b>a</b>) 80/20, (<b>b</b>) 70/30, (<b>c</b>) 60/40, (<b>d</b>) 50/50, (<b>e</b>) 40/60, (<b>f</b>) 30/70, (<b>g</b>) 20/70.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/12/2753'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02753/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02753-g009b-550.jpg?1687260088" title=" <strong>Figure 9 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Comparison of abrasion scars of sample of SEBS with different ratio of radial SEBS on Taber Abrasion. (<b>a</b>) 80/20, (<b>b</b>) 70/30, (<b>c</b>) 60/40, (<b>d</b>) 50/50, (<b>e</b>) 40/60, (<b>f</b>) 30/70, (<b>g</b>) 20/70.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/12/2753'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1167136" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1167136" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1167136" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2073-4360/15/12/2623/s1?version=1686276665"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 346 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 11 pages, 5458 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/15/12/2623/pdf?version=1686276665" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Tailored Dynamic Viscoelasticity of Polyurethanes Based on Different Diols" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/15/12/2623">Tailored Dynamic Viscoelasticity of Polyurethanes Based on Different Diols</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jiadong Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Min Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Chenxin Xu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yang Han</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xuan Qin</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Liqun Zhang</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(12), 2623; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122623">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15122623</a> - 9 Jun 2023 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/15/12/2623#metrics">Cited by 1</a> | Viewed by 1657 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The development of damping and tire materials has led to a growing need to customize the dynamic viscoelasticity of polymers. In the case of polyurethane (PU), which possesses a designable molecular structure, the desired dynamic viscoelasticity can be achieved by carefully selecting flexible <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/12/2623/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The development of damping and tire materials has led to a growing need to customize the dynamic viscoelasticity of polymers. In the case of polyurethane (PU), which possesses a designable molecular structure, the desired dynamic viscoelasticity can be achieved by carefully selecting flexible soft segments and employing chain extenders with diverse chemical structures. This process involves fine-tuning the molecular structure and optimizing the degree of micro-phase separation. It is worth noting that the temperature at which the loss peak occurs increases as the soft segment structure becomes more rigid. By incorporating soft segments with varying degrees of flexibility, the loss peak temperature can be adjusted within a broad range, from −50 °C to 14 °C. Furthermore, when the molecular structure of the chain extender becomes more regular, it enhances interaction between the soft and hard segments, leading to a higher degree of micro-phase separation. This phenomenon is evident from the increased percentage of hydrogen-bonding carbonyl, a lower loss peak temperature, and a higher modulus. By modifying the molecular weight of the chain extender, we can achieve precise control over the loss peak temperature, allowing us to regulate it within the range of −1 °C and 13 °C. To summarize, our research presents a novel approach for tailoring the dynamic viscoelasticity of PU materials and thus offers a new avenue for further exploration in this field. <a href="/2073-4360/15/12/2623">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/12/2623/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1167136"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1167136"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1167136" data-cycle-prev="#prev1167136" data-cycle-progressive="#images1167136" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1167136-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02623/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02623-g001-550.jpg?1686276801" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1167136" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1167136-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02623/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02623-g002-550.jpg?1686276804'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1167136-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02623/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02623-g003-550.jpg?1686276805'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1167136-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02623/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02623-g004-550.jpg?1686276800'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1167136-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02623/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02623-g005-550.jpg?1686276806'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1167136-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02623/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02623-g006-550.jpg?1686276802'><p>Figure 6</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1167136-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02623/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02623-g001-550.jpg?1686276801" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The chemical structures of the chain extenders.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/12/2623'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02623/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02623-g002-550.jpg?1686276804" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) FTIR spectra, (<b>b</b>) DSC curves, (<b>c</b>) storage modulus curves, and (<b>d</b>) tan δ curves of CPUs with different soft segments.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/12/2623'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02623/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02623-g003-550.jpg?1686276805" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) FTIR spectra, (<b>b</b>) FTIR spectra of 1800 to 1650 cm<sup>−1</sup>, and (<b>c</b>) DSC curves of CPUs with different chain extenders.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/12/2623'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02623/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02623-g004-550.jpg?1686276800" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>AFM modulus mapping images of CPUs with different chain extenders.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/12/2623'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02623/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02623-g005-550.jpg?1686276806" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>The 2D-SAXS patterns and the corresponding 1D-SAXS intensity profiles of CPUs with different chain extenders.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/12/2623'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02623/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02623-g006-550.jpg?1686276802" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Stress–strain curves, (<b>b</b>) storage modulus curves, and (<b>c</b>) tan δ curves of CPUs with different chain extenders.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/12/2623'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 19 pages, 5680 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/15/11/2574/pdf?version=1686206003" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Synthesis and Properties of the Novel High-Performance Hydroxyl-Terminated Liquid Fluoroelastomer" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/15/11/2574">Synthesis and Properties of the Novel High-Performance Hydroxyl-Terminated Liquid Fluoroelastomer</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Donghan Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Chen Yang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ping Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lu Yu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shufa Zhao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Long Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hailan Kang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Feng Yang</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Qinghong Fang</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(11), 2574; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15112574">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15112574</a> - 4 Jun 2023 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/15/11/2574#metrics">Cited by 2</a> | Viewed by 2102 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Functional liquid fluoroelastomers are in high demand in new energy fields. And these materials have potential applications in high-performance sealing materials and as electrode materials. In this study, a novel high-performance hydroxyl-terminated liquid fluoroelastomer (t-HTLF) with a high fluorine content, temperature resistance, and <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/11/2574/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Functional liquid fluoroelastomers are in high demand in new energy fields. And these materials have potential applications in high-performance sealing materials and as electrode materials. In this study, a novel high-performance hydroxyl-terminated liquid fluoroelastomer (t-HTLF) with a high fluorine content, temperature resistance, and curing efficiency was synthesised from a terpolymer of vinylidene fluoride (VDF), tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), and hexafluoropylene (HFP). A carboxyl-terminated liquid fluoroelastomer (t-CTLF) with controllable molar mass and end-group content was first prepared from a poly(VDF-<i>ter</i>-TFE-<i>ter</i>-HFP) terpolymer using a unique oxidative degradation method. Subsequently, an efficient “one-step” reduction of the carboxyl groups (COOH) in t-CTLF into hydroxyl groups (OH) was achieved via the functional-group conversion method using lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH<sub>4</sub>) as the reductant. Thus, t-HTLF with a controllable molar mass and end-group content and highly active end groups was synthesised. Owing to the efficient curing reaction between OH and isocyanate groups (NCO), the cured t-HTLF exhibits good surface properties, thermal properties, and chemical stability. The thermal decomposition temperature (T<sub>d</sub>) of the cured t-HTLF reaches 334 °C, and it exhibits hydrophobicity. The oxidative degradation, reduction, and curing reaction mechanisms were also determined. The effects of solvent dosage, reaction temperature, reaction time, and ratio of the reductant to the COOH content on the carboxyl conversion were also systematically investigated. An efficient reduction system comprising LiAlH<sub>4</sub> can not only achieve an efficient conversion of the COOH groups in t-CTLF to OH groups but also the in situ hydrogenation and addition reactions of residual double bonds (C=C) groups in the chain, such that the thermal stability and terminal activity of the product are improved while maintaining a high fluorine content. <a href="/2073-4360/15/11/2574">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/11/2574/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1163626"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1163626"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1163626" data-cycle-prev="#prev1163626" data-cycle-progressive="#images1163626" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1163626-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g001-550.jpg?1686206069" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1163626" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1163626-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g002-550.jpg?1686206071'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1163626-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g003-550.jpg?1686206073'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1163626-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g004-550.jpg?1686206070'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1163626-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g005-550.jpg?1686206072'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1163626-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g006-550.jpg?1686206071'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1163626-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g007-550.jpg?1686206075'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1163626-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g008-550.jpg?1686206068'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1163626-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g009-550.jpg?1686206074'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1163626-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g010-550.jpg?1686206075'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1163626-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g011-550.jpg?1686206067'><p>Figure 11</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-1163626-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g012-550.jpg?1686206070'><p>Figure 12</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='12' data-target='article-1163626-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g013-550.jpg?1686206074'><p>Figure 13</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='13' data-target='article-1163626-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g014-550.jpg?1686206069'><p>Figure 14</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='14' data-target='article-1163626-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-sch001-550.jpg?1686206076'><p>Scheme 1</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1163626-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g001-550.jpg?1686206069" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>FTIR spectra of the poly(VDF-<span class="html-italic">ter</span>-TFE-<span class="html-italic">ter</span>-HFP) terpolymer, t-CTLF, and t-HTLF.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/11/2574'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g002-550.jpg?1686206071" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p><sup>1</sup>H-NMR spectra of the poly(VDF-<span class="html-italic">ter</span>-TFE-<span class="html-italic">ter</span>-HFP) terpolymer, t-CTLF, and t-HTLF.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/11/2574'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g003-550.jpg?1686206073" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p><sup>19</sup>F-NMR spectra of the poly(VDF-<span class="html-italic">ter</span>-TFE-<span class="html-italic">ter</span>-HFP) terpolymer, t-CTLF, and t-HTLF.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/11/2574'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g004-550.jpg?1686206070" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>GPC spectra of the poly(VDF-<span class="html-italic">ter</span>-TFE-<span class="html-italic">ter</span>-HFP) terpolymer, t-CTLF, and t-HTLF.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/11/2574'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g005-550.jpg?1686206072" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Reaction mechanism of the oxidative degradation reaction (<b>a</b>), the reduction reaction (<b>b</b>) and double bond hydrogenation addition (<b>c</b>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/11/2574'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g006-550.jpg?1686206071" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>DSC of poly(VDF-<span class="html-italic">ter</span>-TFE-<span class="html-italic">ter</span>-HFP) terpolymer, t-CTLF and t-HTLF.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/11/2574'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g007-550.jpg?1686206075" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>TGA of the poly(VDF-<span class="html-italic">ter</span>-TFE-<span class="html-italic">ter</span>-HFP) terpolymer, t-CTLF and t-HTLF.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/11/2574'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g008-550.jpg?1686206068" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Effect of different factors on product conversion.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/11/2574'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g009-550.jpg?1686206074" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>FTIR spectra of the t-HTLF, HDI trimer, and cured t-HTLF.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/11/2574'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g010-550.jpg?1686206075" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Solid-state <sup>19</sup>F-NMR spectrum of the cured t-HTLF.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/11/2574'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g011-550.jpg?1686206067" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Curing reaction mechanism.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/11/2574'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g012-550.jpg?1686206070" title=" <strong>Figure 12</strong><br/> <p>TGA thermograms of the t-HTLF and cured t-HTLF.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/11/2574'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g013-550.jpg?1686206074" title=" <strong>Figure 13</strong><br/> <p>Water contact angle of the cured t-CTLF (<b>a</b>) and cured t-HTLF (<b>b</b>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/11/2574'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-g014-550.jpg?1686206069" title=" <strong>Figure 14</strong><br/> <p>Change in the mass of the cured t-HTLF.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/11/2574'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-02574/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-02574-sch001-550.jpg?1686206076" title=" <strong>Scheme 1</strong><br/> <p>The synthesis and curing route of hydroxyl-terminated liquid fluoroelastomer.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/11/2574'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 11 pages, 2095 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/15/6/1584/pdf?version=1679485609" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Effect of Various Fillers on the Properties of Methyl Vinyl Silicone Rubber" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/15/6/1584">The Effect of Various Fillers on the Properties of Methyl Vinyl Silicone Rubber</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yun Chen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kun Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Chong Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Wei Yang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Bo Qiao</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Li Yin</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(6), 1584; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15061584">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15061584</a> - 22 Mar 2023 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/15/6/1584#metrics">Cited by 6</a> | Viewed by 2738 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Silicone rubber (SIR) has been widely used in electrical insulation fields, and the introduction of new materials is very important for the performance improvement of SIR composites. In this work, four different fillers, including aluminium hydroxide (ATH), yimonite (YMT), boron nitride (BN) and <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/6/1584/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Silicone rubber (SIR) has been widely used in electrical insulation fields, and the introduction of new materials is very important for the performance improvement of SIR composites. In this work, four different fillers, including aluminium hydroxide (ATH), yimonite (YMT), boron nitride (BN) and mica-filled SIR composites were prepared, and the vulcanization behavior, mechanical properties, insulation performance and hydrophobicity of the SIR composites were investigated and compared. Both BN- and mica-filled SIR composites showed excellent insulation performance, while the ATH-filled SIR composite exhibited the best mechanical properties with an elongation at break of 230% and a tensile strength of 2.9 MPa. The SIR/BN composite showed a breakdown strength of 29.2 kV/mm with a 5% failure rate. The addition of YMT deteriorated the insulation performance of SIR but improved the elongation at break and hydrophobicity, with an elongation at break increasing from 115% to 410% and the static contact angle improving from 109.8° to 115.6°. <a href="/2073-4360/15/6/1584">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/6/1584/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1104351"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1104351"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1104351" data-cycle-prev="#prev1104351" data-cycle-progressive="#images1104351" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1104351-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01584/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01584-g001-550.jpg?1679485687" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1104351" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1104351-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01584/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01584-g002-550.jpg?1679485684'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1104351-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01584/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01584-g003-550.jpg?1679485688'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1104351-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01584/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01584-g004-550.jpg?1679485686'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1104351-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01584/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01584-g005-550.jpg?1679485685'><p>Figure 5</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1104351-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01584/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01584-g001-550.jpg?1679485687" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Vulcanization curve of SIR composite with different fillers.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/6/1584'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01584/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01584-g002-550.jpg?1679485684" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Stress–strain curves of SIR composites with various fillers.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/6/1584'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01584/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01584-g003-550.jpg?1679485688" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Crosslinking density of SIR composites with various fillers.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/6/1584'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01584/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01584-g004-550.jpg?1679485686" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Weibull distribution of SIR composites with various fillers.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/6/1584'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01584/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01584-g005-550.jpg?1679485685" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Static contact angle of SIR composites with various fillers.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/6/1584'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1091285" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1091285" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1091285" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2073-4360/15/6/1353/s1?version=1678272987"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 567 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 15 pages, 13936 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/15/6/1353/pdf?version=1678353416" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Phase Behavior of NR/PMMA Semi-IPNs and Development of Porous Structures" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/15/6/1353">Phase Behavior of NR/PMMA Semi-IPNs and Development of Porous Structures</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jacob John</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Damir Klepac</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mia Kurek</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mario Ščetar</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kata Galić</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Srećko Valić</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sabu Thomas</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Anitha Pius</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(6), 1353; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15061353">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15061353</a> - 8 Mar 2023 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/15/6/1353#metrics">Cited by 1</a> | Viewed by 2216 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> In this research, the porous polymer structures (IPN) were made from natural isoprene rubber (NR) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The effects of molecular weight and crosslink density of polyisoprene on the morphology and miscibility with PMMA were determined. Sequential semi-IPNs were prepared. Viscoelastic, <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/6/1353/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> In this research, the porous polymer structures (IPN) were made from natural isoprene rubber (NR) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). The effects of molecular weight and crosslink density of polyisoprene on the morphology and miscibility with PMMA were determined. Sequential semi-IPNs were prepared. Viscoelastic, thermal and mechanical properties of semi-IPN were studied. The results showed that the key factor influencing the miscibility in semi-IPN was the crosslinking density of the natural rubber. The degree of compatibility was increased by doubling the crosslinking level. The degree of miscibility at two different compositions was compared by simulations of the electron spin resonance spectra. Compatibility of semi-IPNs was found to be more efficient when the PMMA content was less than 40 wt.%. A nanometer-sized morphology was obtained for a NR/PMMA ratio of 50/50. Highly crosslinked elastic semi-IPN followed the storage modulus of PMMA after the glass transition as a result of certain degree of phase mixing and interlocked structure. It was shown that the morphology of the porous polymer network could be easily controlled by the proper choice of concentration and composition of crosslinking agent. A dual phase morphology resulted from the higher concentration and the lower crosslinking level. This was used for developing porous structures from the elastic semi-IPN. The mechanical performance was correlated with morphology, and the thermal stability was comparable with respect to pure NR. Investigated materials might be interesting for use as potential carriers of bioactive molecules aimed for innovative applications such as in food packaging. <a href="/2073-4360/15/6/1353">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/6/1353/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1091285"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1091285"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1091285" data-cycle-prev="#prev1091285" data-cycle-progressive="#images1091285" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1091285-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g001-550.jpg?1678353495" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1091285" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1091285-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g002a-550.jpg?1678353499'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1091285-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g002b-550.jpg?1678353490'><p>Figure 2 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1091285-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g003-550.jpg?1678353496'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1091285-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g004-550.jpg?1678353492'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1091285-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g005-550.jpg?1678353497'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1091285-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g006-550.jpg?1678353488'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1091285-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g007-550.jpg?1678353494'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1091285-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g008-550.jpg?1678353488'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1091285-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g009-550.jpg?1678353492'><p>Figure 9</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1091285-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g001-550.jpg?1678353495" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Chemical structures of (<b>a</b>) polyisoprene (NR) and (<b>b</b>) methyl methacrylate (MMA).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/6/1353'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g002a-550.jpg?1678353499" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>SEM images of various semi-IPNs: (<b>a</b>) <sup>2</sup>NRM<sub>20</sub>; (<b>b</b>) <sup>2</sup>NRM<sub>35</sub>; (<b>c</b>) <sup>2</sup>NRM<sub>55</sub>; (<b>d</b>) <sup>4</sup>NRM<sub>50</sub>. Photos taken in magnification from ×1600 to ×2000.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/6/1353'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g002b-550.jpg?1678353490" title=" <strong>Figure 2 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>SEM images of various semi-IPNs: (<b>a</b>) <sup>2</sup>NRM<sub>20</sub>; (<b>b</b>) <sup>2</sup>NRM<sub>35</sub>; (<b>c</b>) <sup>2</sup>NRM<sub>55</sub>; (<b>d</b>) <sup>4</sup>NRM<sub>50</sub>. Photos taken in magnification from ×1600 to ×2000.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/6/1353'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g003-550.jpg?1678353496" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>SEM images of porous semi-IPNs after the PMMA removal: (<b>a</b>) <sup>2</sup>NRM<sub>55</sub>; (<b>b</b>) <sup>2</sup>NRLM<sub>50</sub>; (<b>c</b>) <sup>0.8</sup>NRM<sub>65</sub>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/6/1353'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g004-550.jpg?1678353492" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>SAXS profile of the highly crosslinked <sup>4</sup>NRM<sub>50</sub> semi-IPN.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/6/1353'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g005-550.jpg?1678353497" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Storage modulus of semi-IPNs and homopolymers as a function of temperature.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/6/1353'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g006-550.jpg?1678353488" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>The ESR spectra of <sup>2</sup>NRM<sub>35</sub> and <sup>4</sup>NRM<sub>50</sub> semi IPNs at 75 °C.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/6/1353'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g007-550.jpg?1678353494" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>The effect of PMMA concentration in crosslinked semi-IPNs on (<b>a</b>) tensile strength, (<b>b</b>) elongation at break, and (<b>c</b>) tensile modulus.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/6/1353'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g008-550.jpg?1678353488" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>TGA curves of (<b>a</b>) crosslinked pure NR (<sup>2</sup>NR) and semi IPN samples, (<b>b</b>) <sup>2</sup>NRM<sub>35</sub>, (<b>c</b>) <sup>2</sup>NRM<sub>55</sub>, and (<b>d</b>) <sup>4</sup>NRM<sub>50</sub>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/6/1353'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-01353/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-01353-g009-550.jpg?1678353492" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>DSC curves of: (<b>a</b>) pure NR (<sup>2</sup>NR) and semi-IPNs (<b>b</b>) <sup>2</sup>NRM<sub>35</sub>, (<b>c</b>) <sup>2</sup>NRM<sub>55</sub>, (<b>d</b>) <sup>4</sup>NRM<sub>50</sub>, and (<b>e</b>) <sup>2</sup>NRLM<sub>50</sub>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/6/1353'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-1040258" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-1040258" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-1040258" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2073-4360/15/3/514/s1?version=1674049387"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 145 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 15 pages, 3923 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/15/3/514/pdf?version=1675213561" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Temperature Effects on the Crystalline Structure of iPP Containing Different Solvent-Treated TMB-5 Nucleating Agents" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/15/3/514">Temperature Effects on the Crystalline Structure of iPP Containing Different Solvent-Treated TMB-5 Nucleating Agents</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Baojing Luo</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sheng Xu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jing Yang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Qing Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jing Yu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lihua Liu</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xiangjun Meng</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2023</b>, <em>15</em>(3), 514; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15030514">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15030514</a> - 18 Jan 2023 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/15/3/514#metrics">Cited by 2</a> | Viewed by 1823 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> TMB-5 nucleating agent (NA) treated by different solvents were used as the <i>β</i>-NA of iPP. The effects of temperature on the crystalline structure of different iPP/TMB-5, as well as the crystallization and melting behaviors were investigated. It was found that strong polar <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/3/514/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> TMB-5 nucleating agent (NA) treated by different solvents were used as the <i>β</i>-NA of iPP. The effects of temperature on the crystalline structure of different iPP/TMB-5, as well as the crystallization and melting behaviors were investigated. It was found that strong polar solvent treated TMB-5 (TMB-5<sub>DMSO</sub> and TMB-5<sub>DMF</sub>) could induce more <i>β</i>-crystal at high T<sub>c</sub> = 140 °C than the other TMB-5 NAs, while the <i>β</i>-crystal inducing efficiency of untreated TMB-5 (TMB-5<sub>UT</sub>) and non-polar solvent treated TMB-5 (TMB-5<sub>LP</sub>) is seriously reduced at high T<sub>c</sub> = 140 °C. TMB-5<sub>DMSO</sub> can induce a high and stable content of <i>β</i>-crystal with K<i><sub>β</sub></i> = 83–94% within T<sub>c</sub> = 90–140 °C, and TMB-5<sub>ODCB</sub> can induce a high content of <i>β</i>-crystal with K<i><sub>β</sub></i> > 91.3% within T<sub>c</sub> = 90–130 °C. TMB-5<sub>DMF</sub> is the most temperature-sensitive one, but can induce a high fraction of <i>β</i>-crystal with K<i><sub>β</sub></i> > 92% both at low T<sub>c</sub> = 90 °C and high T<sub>c</sub> = 140 °C. High temperature pre-crystallization at T<sub>pc</sub> = 150 °C tremendously reduces the <i>β</i>-crystal inducing efficiency of all TMB-5 NAs. TMB-5<sub>UT</sub> and TMB-5<sub>LP</sub> exhibit higher nucleating efficiency than TMB-5<sub>DMSO</sub>, TMB-5<sub>DMF</sub> and TMB-5<sub>ODCB</sub>. During the non-isothermal crystallization process, TMB-5<sub>UT</sub> induced <i>β</i>-crystal possesses higher structural perfection and stability, while TMB-5<sub>LP</sub> is more likely to induce <i>α</i>-crystal with considerable quantity and stability. The structural perfection and stability of TMB-5 induced <i>β</i>-crystal can be enhanced with appropriate increasing of T<sub>c</sub>. <a href="/2073-4360/15/3/514">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/15/3/514/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev1040258"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next1040258"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next1040258" data-cycle-prev="#prev1040258" data-cycle-progressive="#images1040258" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-1040258-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g001a-550.jpg?1675213645" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images1040258" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-1040258-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g001b-550.jpg?1675213649'><p>Figure 1 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-1040258-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g002-550.jpg?1675213640'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-1040258-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g003a-550.jpg?1675213651'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-1040258-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g003b-550.jpg?1675213643'><p>Figure 3 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-1040258-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g004a-550.jpg?1675213661'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-1040258-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g004b-550.jpg?1675213656'><p>Figure 4 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-1040258-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g005-550.jpg?1675213662'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-1040258-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g006-550.jpg?1675213654'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-1040258-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g007-550.jpg?1675213639'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-1040258-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g008-550.jpg?1675213664'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-1040258-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g009-550.jpg?1675213656'><p>Figure 9</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-1040258-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g001a-550.jpg?1675213645" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>WAXD profiles of TMB-5 nucleated iPP (iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>UT</sub>, iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>DMSO</sub>, iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>DMF</sub>, iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>ODCB</sub> and iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>LP</sub>) and pure iPP which have statically crystallized at different crystallization temperatures: (<b>a</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 90 °C, (<b>b</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 100 °C, (<b>c</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 110 °C, (<b>d</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 120 °C, (<b>e</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 125 °C, (<b>f</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 130 °C, (<b>g</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 140 °C, the NA content is 0.1 wt%.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/3/514'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g001b-550.jpg?1675213649" title=" <strong>Figure 1 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>WAXD profiles of TMB-5 nucleated iPP (iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>UT</sub>, iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>DMSO</sub>, iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>DMF</sub>, iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>ODCB</sub> and iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>LP</sub>) and pure iPP which have statically crystallized at different crystallization temperatures: (<b>a</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 90 °C, (<b>b</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 100 °C, (<b>c</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 110 °C, (<b>d</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 120 °C, (<b>e</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 125 °C, (<b>f</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 130 °C, (<b>g</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 140 °C, the NA content is 0.1 wt%.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/3/514'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g002-550.jpg?1675213640" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>K<span class="html-italic"><sub>β</sub></span> values of TMB-5 nucleated iPP statically crystallized at each individual crystallization temperatures, the NA content is 0.1 wt%. The horizontal axis numbers 1–5 correspond to iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>UT</sub>, iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>DMSO</sub>, iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>DMF</sub>, iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>ODCB</sub> and iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>LP</sub>, respectively.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/3/514'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g003a-550.jpg?1675213651" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>K<span class="html-italic"><sub>β</sub></span> values of different TMB-5 nucleated iPP specimens: (<b>a</b>) iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>UT</sub>, (<b>b</b>) iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>DMSO</sub>, (<b>c</b>) iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>DMF</sub>, (<b>d</b>) iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>ODCB</sub> and (<b>e</b>) iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>LP</sub> which have statically crystallized at different temperatures, the NA content is 0.1 wt%.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/3/514'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g003b-550.jpg?1675213643" title=" <strong>Figure 3 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>K<span class="html-italic"><sub>β</sub></span> values of different TMB-5 nucleated iPP specimens: (<b>a</b>) iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>UT</sub>, (<b>b</b>) iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>DMSO</sub>, (<b>c</b>) iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>DMF</sub>, (<b>d</b>) iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>ODCB</sub> and (<b>e</b>) iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>LP</sub> which have statically crystallized at different temperatures, the NA content is 0.1 wt%.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/3/514'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g004a-550.jpg?1675213661" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Effects of different solvent-treated TMB-5 NAs on the melting behaviors of iPP and iPP/TMB-5. All the iPP and iPP/TMB-5 specimens were already statically crystallized at each individual crystallization temperatures: (<b>a</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 90 °C, (<b>b</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 100 °C, (<b>c</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 110 °C, (<b>d</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 120 °C, (<b>e</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 125 °C, (<b>f</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 130 °C, (<b>g</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 140 °C, the NA content is 0.1 wt%, the heating rate is 10 °C/min.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/3/514'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g004b-550.jpg?1675213656" title=" <strong>Figure 4 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Effects of different solvent-treated TMB-5 NAs on the melting behaviors of iPP and iPP/TMB-5. All the iPP and iPP/TMB-5 specimens were already statically crystallized at each individual crystallization temperatures: (<b>a</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 90 °C, (<b>b</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 100 °C, (<b>c</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 110 °C, (<b>d</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 120 °C, (<b>e</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 125 °C, (<b>f</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 130 °C, (<b>g</b>) T<sub>c</sub> = 140 °C, the NA content is 0.1 wt%, the heating rate is 10 °C/min.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/3/514'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g005-550.jpg?1675213662" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>The peak melting temperatures (<b>a</b>) T<sub>mp,<span class="html-italic">β</span></sub> and (<b>b</b>) <sub>Tmp,<span class="html-italic">α</span></sub>. The horizontal axis numbers 0–5 correspond to pure iPP, iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>UT</sub>, iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>DMSO</sub>, iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>DMF</sub>, iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>ODCB</sub> and iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>LP</sub>, respectively.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/3/514'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g006-550.jpg?1675213654" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Dependence of melting behaviors of crystallized (<b>a</b>) pure iPP, (<b>b</b>) iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>UT</sub>, (<b>c</b>) iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>DMSO</sub>, (<b>d</b>) iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>DMF</sub>, (<b>e</b>) iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>ODCB</sub> and (<b>f</b>) iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>LP</sub> on the crystallization temperature, the NA content is 0.1 wt%, the heating rate is 10 °C/min.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/3/514'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g007-550.jpg?1675213639" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) DSC cooling curves after a 200 °C heating of 5 min to erase the thermal and mechanical history and (<b>b</b>) the subsequent melting curves of pure iPP and TMB-5 nucleated iPP (iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>UT</sub>, iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>DMSO</sub>, iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>DMF</sub>, iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>ODCB</sub> and iPP/0.1TMB-5<sub>LP</sub>). The NA content is 0.1 wt%, both the heating and cooling rate are 10 °C/min.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/3/514'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g008-550.jpg?1675213664" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>WAXD profiles of different TMB-5 nucleated iPP statically crystallized at T<sub>c</sub> = 135 °C for 6 h after a pre-crystallization at T<sub>pc</sub> = 150 °C for 1 h, the NA content is (<b>a</b>) 0.1 wt% and (<b>b</b>) 0.05 wt%.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/3/514'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-15-00514/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-15-00514-g009-550.jpg?1675213656" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>K<span class="html-italic"><sub>β</sub></span> values of different TMB-5 nucleated iPP specimens: (<b>a</b>) iPP/TMB-5<sub>UT</sub>, (<b>b</b>) iPP/TMB-5<sub>DMSO</sub>, (<b>c</b>) iPP/TMB-5<sub>DMF</sub>, (<b>d</b>) iPP/TMB-5<sub>ODCB</sub> and (<b>e</b>) iPP/TMB-5<sub>LP</sub> which statically crystallized at T<sub>c</sub> = 135 °C for 6 h after a pre-crystallization at T<sub>pc</sub> = 150 °C for 1 h, the NA content is 0.1 wt% (red column) and 0.05 wt% (black column).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/15/3/514'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item type-section" id=2022> <h2>2022</h2> <h3>Jump to: <a href="#2024">2024</a>, <a href="#2023">2023</a> </h3> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 11 pages, 4562 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/14/22/4989/pdf?version=1669084397" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Improving Mechanical, Electrical and Thermal Properties of Fluororubber by Constructing Interconnected Carbon Nanotube Networks with Chemical Bonds and F–H Polar Interactions" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/14/22/4989">Improving Mechanical, Electrical and Thermal Properties of Fluororubber by Constructing Interconnected Carbon Nanotube Networks with Chemical Bonds and F–H Polar Interactions</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yurou Chen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yadong Wu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jun Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xuqiang Peng</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shun Wang</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Huile Jin</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2022</b>, <em>14</em>(22), 4989; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14224989">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14224989</a> - 17 Nov 2022 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/14/22/4989#metrics">Cited by 11</a> | Viewed by 1790 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> To improve the properties of fluororubber (FKM), aminated carbon nanotubes (CNTs-NH<sub>2</sub>) and acidified carbon nanotubes (CNTs-COOH) were introduced to modulate the interfacial interactions in FKM composites. The effects of chemical binding and F–H polar interactions between CNTs-NH<sub>2</sub>, CNTs-COOH, and <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/22/4989/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> To improve the properties of fluororubber (FKM), aminated carbon nanotubes (CNTs-NH<sub>2</sub>) and acidified carbon nanotubes (CNTs-COOH) were introduced to modulate the interfacial interactions in FKM composites. The effects of chemical binding and F–H polar interactions between CNTs-NH<sub>2</sub>, CNTs-COOH, and FKM on the mechanical, electrical, thermal, and wear properties of the FKM composites were systematically investigated. Compared to the pristine FKM, the tensile strength, modulus at 100% strain, hardness, thermal conductivity, carbon residue rate, and electrical conductivity of CNTs-NH<sub>2</sub>/CNTs-COOH/FKM were increased by 112.2%, 587.5%, 44.2%, 37.0%, 293.5%, and nine orders of magnitude, respectively. In addition, the wear volume of CNTs-NH<sub>2</sub>/CNTs-COOH/FKM was reduced by 29.9%. This method provides a new and effective way to develop and design high-performance fluororubber composites. <a href="/2073-4360/14/22/4989">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/22/4989/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev976333"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next976333"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next976333" data-cycle-prev="#prev976333" data-cycle-progressive="#images976333" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-976333-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04989/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04989-g001-550.jpg?1669084461" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images976333" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-976333-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04989/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04989-g002-550.jpg?1669084466'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-976333-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04989/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04989-g003-550.jpg?1669084472'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-976333-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04989/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04989-g004-550.jpg?1669084474'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-976333-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04989/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04989-g005-550.jpg?1669084468'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-976333-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04989/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04989-g006-550.jpg?1669084467'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-976333-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04989/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04989-g007-550.jpg?1669084469'><p>Figure 7</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-976333-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04989/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04989-g001-550.jpg?1669084461" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The reaction mechanism of CNTs-NH<sub>2</sub>/CNTs-COOH/FKM composite.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/22/4989'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04989/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04989-g002-550.jpg?1669084466" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>The SEM images of (<b>a</b>) CNTs, (<b>b</b>) CNTs-COOH, and (<b>c</b>) CNTs-NH<sub>2</sub>; (<b>d</b>) the FTIR spectra.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/22/4989'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04989/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04989-g003-550.jpg?1669084472" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>The SEM images of fractured surfaces of (<b>a</b>) FKM, (<b>b</b>) CNTs/FKM, (<b>c</b>) CNTs-COOH/FKM, (<b>d</b>) CNTs-NH<sub>2</sub>/FKM, and (<b>e</b>) CNTs-NH<sub>2</sub>/CNTs-COOH/FKM; (<b>f</b>) the FTIR spectra of different composites.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/22/4989'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04989/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04989-g004-550.jpg?1669084474" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Mechanical properties of nanocomposites: (<b>a</b>) tensile strength, (<b>b</b>) elongation at break, (<b>c</b>) modulus at 100% strain, (<b>d</b>) hardness. (<b>e</b>) Comparison of the tensile strength of our work with other literatures, including FKM/GNP<sup>1</sup> [<a href="#B25-polymers-14-04989" class="html-bibr">25</a>], FKM/Diatomite/silica [<a href="#B26-polymers-14-04989" class="html-bibr">26</a>], FKM/EG [<a href="#B27-polymers-14-04989" class="html-bibr">27</a>], FKM/M-MWCNT [<a href="#B16-polymers-14-04989" class="html-bibr">16</a>], FKM/NG [<a href="#B28-polymers-14-04989" class="html-bibr">28</a>], FKM/GNP<sup>2</sup> [<a href="#B29-polymers-14-04989" class="html-bibr">29</a>], FKM/oSep [<a href="#B30-polymers-14-04989" class="html-bibr">30</a>] and FKM/m-SiCNWs [<a href="#B2-polymers-14-04989" class="html-bibr">2</a>].</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/22/4989'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04989/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04989-g005-550.jpg?1669084468" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Wear volume of nanocomposites.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/22/4989'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04989/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04989-g006-550.jpg?1669084467" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>The electrical conductivity of FKM nanocomposites.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/22/4989'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04989/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04989-g007-550.jpg?1669084469" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Thermal conductivity, (<b>b</b>) TG, (<b>c</b>) DTG, and (<b>d</b>) carbon residue rate of nanocomposites.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/22/4989'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 13 pages, 2451 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/14/20/4254/pdf?version=1665486016" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="The Influence of Syringic Acid and Erucic Acid on the Antioxidant Properties of Natural Rubber: Experimental and Molecular Simulation Investigations" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/14/20/4254">The Influence of Syringic Acid and Erucic Acid on the Antioxidant Properties of Natural Rubber: Experimental and Molecular Simulation Investigations</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shihao Chen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xiujuan Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xueting Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Wei Zheng</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shaojian He</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Meng Song</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hongzhen Wang</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2022</b>, <em>14</em>(20), 4254; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14204254">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14204254</a> - 11 Oct 2022 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/14/20/4254#metrics">Cited by 10</a> | Viewed by 1729 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> In this work, the influence of syringic acid (SA) and erucic acid (EA) on the oxidation resistance of natural rubber (NR) was investigated by combining experimental and computational methods. The antioxidant activities of SA and EA were predicted by calculating the enthalpy of <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/20/4254/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> In this work, the influence of syringic acid (SA) and erucic acid (EA) on the oxidation resistance of natural rubber (NR) was investigated by combining experimental and computational methods. The antioxidant activities of SA and EA were predicted by calculating the enthalpy of bond dissociation (<i>BDE</i>), the anti-migration ability of antioxidants (AOs) in the rubber matrix by calculating the mean square displacement (<i>MSD</i>), and the effect of antioxidants on oxygen barrier properties of rubber materials by calculating the permeability coefficient (<i>P</i>). The predicted result is that EA has a better comprehensive performance than SA. The DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) test and mechanical properties test demonstrated the results predicted by the simulations. Both SA and EA can protect natural rubber, while EA has a better comprehensive effect. <a href="/2073-4360/14/20/4254">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/20/4254/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev938742"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next938742"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next938742" data-cycle-prev="#prev938742" data-cycle-progressive="#images938742" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-938742-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-ag-550.jpg?1665488026" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script id="images938742" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-938742-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-g001-550.jpg?1665488018'><p>Figure 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-938742-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-g002-550.jpg?1665488019'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-938742-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-g003-550.jpg?1665488022'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-938742-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-g004-550.jpg?1665488020'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-938742-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-g005-550.jpg?1665488017'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-938742-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-g006-550.jpg?1665488016'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-938742-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-g007-550.jpg?1665488026'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-938742-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-g008-550.jpg?1665488025'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-938742-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-sch001-550.jpg?1665488019'><p>Scheme 1</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-938742-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-ag-550.jpg?1665488026" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/20/4254'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-g001-550.jpg?1665488018" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Thermo-oxidative aging process of RH and the anti-oxidation reaction of AH.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/20/4254'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-g002-550.jpg?1665488019" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Example of the thermodynamic cycle for SA. (White spheres, red spheres, and gray spheres represent H atoms, O atoms, and C atoms, respectively).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/20/4254'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-g003-550.jpg?1665488022" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Construction processes of three types of amorphous cells (take syringic acid, for example, and the purple, white, and red spheres represent C atoms, H atoms, and O atoms, respectively).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/20/4254'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-g004-550.jpg?1665488020" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>The bond-breaking positions of hydrogen in (<b>a</b>) syringic acid, (<b>b</b>) erucic acid, and (<b>c</b>) natural rubber repeat unit.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/20/4254'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-g005-550.jpg?1665488017" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p><span class="html-italic">MSD</span> curves of SA and EA in NR matrix.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/20/4254'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-g006-550.jpg?1665488016" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>DPPH radical scavenging rates of syringic acid (SA), erucic acid (EA), and BHT.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/20/4254'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-g007-550.jpg?1665488026" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>The mechanical properties of NR and AO/NR systems at different aging times: (<b>a</b>) tensile strength; (<b>b</b>) elongation at break.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/20/4254'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-g008-550.jpg?1665488025" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>–<b>c</b>) The FT-IR spectra of NR composite before aging and after aging 1, 3, and 5 days and (<b>d</b>) the carbonyl increase ratio of A<sub>(C=O)</sub>/A<sub>(CH2)</sub> for NR and AO/NR composites at 100 °C.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/20/4254'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04254/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04254-sch001-550.jpg?1665488019" title=" <strong>Scheme 1</strong><br/> <p>Principal mechanism of radical scavenging reaction.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/20/4254'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 21 pages, 5321 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/14/19/4094/pdf?version=1665286757" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Research Progress on Two-Dimensional Layered MXene/Elastomer Nanocomposites" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Review</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/14/19/4094">Research Progress on Two-Dimensional Layered MXene/Elastomer Nanocomposites</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hailan Kang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lishuo Han</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shule Chen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shuao Xie</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mengjiang Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Qinghong Fang</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shaojian He</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2022</b>, <em>14</em>(19), 4094; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14194094">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14194094</a> - 29 Sep 2022 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/14/19/4094#metrics">Cited by 16</a> | Viewed by 4619 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal carbon/nitrogen/carbon nitride (MXene) has extremely high conductivity and easily modifiable surface functional groups. Compared with graphene, another 2D layered material, MXene is easily dispersed in water owing to its hydrophilic groups. Its unique characteristics make MXene a valuable material. Nanocomposites <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/19/4094/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal carbon/nitrogen/carbon nitride (MXene) has extremely high conductivity and easily modifiable surface functional groups. Compared with graphene, another 2D layered material, MXene is easily dispersed in water owing to its hydrophilic groups. Its unique characteristics make MXene a valuable material. Nanocomposites can be endowed with functionality when MXene is compounded with an elastomer. Particularly in electromagnetic interference shielding and sensing, MXene exhibits extraordinary properties. We review various preparation methods, properties, and applications of MXene and MXene/elastomer nanocomposites and present a summary of the prospects for MXene/elastomer nanocomposites, which are in their initial stage of development and providing promising results. <a href="/2073-4360/14/19/4094">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/19/4094/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev929675"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next929675"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next929675" data-cycle-prev="#prev929675" data-cycle-progressive="#images929675" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-929675-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-ag-550.jpg?1665302559" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script id="images929675" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-929675-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-g001-550.jpg?1665302537'><p>Figure 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-929675-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-g002-550.jpg?1665302551'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-929675-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-g003-550.jpg?1665302542'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-929675-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-g004-550.jpg?1665302540'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-929675-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-g005-550.jpg?1665302553'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-929675-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-g006-550.jpg?1665302558'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-929675-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-g007-550.jpg?1665302535'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-929675-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-g008-550.jpg?1665302548'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-929675-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-g009-550.jpg?1665302544'><p>Figure 9</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-929675-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-ag-550.jpg?1665302559" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/19/4094'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-g001-550.jpg?1665302537" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Schematic structure of MXenes. (<b>b</b>) M, A, X, and T elements for MAX and MXene (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B28-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">28</a>]. Copyright 2021, copyright Wiley-VCH).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/19/4094'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-g002-550.jpg?1665302551" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Available preparation methods for MXenes and preparation methods for and applications of MXene/elastomer nanocomposites. (The image of EMI shielding: Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B16-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">16</a>]. Copyright 2019, copyright Elsevier. The image of flexible sensors: Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B29-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">29</a>]. Copyright 2021, copyright Wiley-VCH. The image of energy storage and conversion: Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B30-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">30</a>]. Copyright 2021, copyright Elsevier. The image of flame retardants: Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B31-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">31</a>]. Copyright 2019, copyright Elsevier).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/19/4094'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-g003-550.jpg?1665302542" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Scanning electron microscopy image of the accordion-like multilayer MXene structure (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B34-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">34</a>]. Copyright 2012, copyright ACS). (<b>b</b>) Transmission electron microscopy image of single-layer MXene nanosheets (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B35-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">35</a>]. Copyright 2020, copyright Elsevier).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/19/4094'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-g004-550.jpg?1665302540" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Negative Zeta potentials of Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> suspensions and NR latex (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B20-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">20</a>]. Copyright 2019, copyright Elsevier). (<b>b</b>,<b>c</b>) Transmission electron microscopy images of the network structure of MXene/NR (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B20-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">20</a>]. Copyright 2019, copyright Elsevier). (<b>d</b>) Diagram of reaction of dopamine self-polymerization on surface of MXene and grafting of KH550 (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B46-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">46</a>]. Copyright 2021, copyright Elsevier).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/19/4094'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-g005-550.jpg?1665302553" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Tensile strengths and elastic moduli of MXene/NR composite films (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B20-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">20</a>]. Copyright 2019, copyright Elsevier). (<b>b</b>) MXene/NR film twisted up to 360° (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B45-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">45</a>]. Copyright 2020, copyright Elsevier). (<b>c</b>) Stress–strain curves for MXene/CNT/NBR nanocomposites (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B59-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">59</a>]. Copyright 2021, copyright Elsevier). (<b>d</b>) Tensile strengths of NBR/MXene and NBR/MXene/CNT (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B59-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">59</a>]. Copyright 2021, copyright Elsevier). (<b>e</b>) Tensile strength and elongation at break of Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>/SBR (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B47-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">47</a>]. Copyright 2019, copyright RSC). (<b>f</b>) Scanning electron microscopy image of SBR/Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>-h-SiO<sub>2</sub> (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B60-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">60</a>]. Copyright 2021, copyright Elsevier). (cNR: cross-linked NR film; MR2: Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>/NR film with 1.18 vol% Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>; MR5: Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>/NR film with 3.10 vol% Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>; cMR5: cross-linked Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>/NR film with 3.10 vol% Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>; MR7: Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>/NR film with 6.71 vol% Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>.)</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/19/4094'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-g006-550.jpg?1665302558" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) EMI shielding mechanisms of MXene/NR nanocomposite films (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B20-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">20</a>]. Copyright 2019, copyright Elsevier). Transmission electron microscopy images of (<b>b</b>) brick–mortar and (<b>c</b>) honeycomb structures (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B62-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">62</a>]. Copyright 2021, copyright Elsevier). (<b>d</b>) Schematic of fabrication of MXene/sodium alginate hybrid aerogel and PDMS-coated foam (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B16-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">16</a>]. Copyright 2019, copyright Elsevier). (<b>e</b>) Schematic of EMI shielding mechanism of MXene/BN/PDMS multilayer films (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B55-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">55</a>]. Copyright 2020, copyright Elsevier). (<b>f</b>) Schematic of fabrication of PDMS/MXene@PANI/PP composite foams (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B63-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">63</a>]. Copyright 2020, copyright Elsevier). (<b>g</b>) EMI shielding mechanisms of composite foams (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B63-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">63</a>]. Copyright 2020, copyright Elsevier). (<b>h</b>) Schematic of fabrication of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>/graphene/PDMS (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B64-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">64</a>]. Copyright 2020, copyright Elsevier). (<b>i</b>) Schematic of electromagnetic wave absorption in Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>/graphene/PDMS composite (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B64-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">64</a>]. Copyright 2020, copyright Elsevier). (SA: sodium alginate; EM: electromagnetic; MS: MXene/sodium alginate; PPCB: polypropylene/carbon black).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/19/4094'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-g007-550.jpg?1665302535" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Schematic of synthetic procedure for multifunctional elastic CNT/Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>/PDMS/CS composites. Compressibility of composites for 1000 cycles at 30% strain (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B68-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">68</a>]. Copyright 2021, copyright Elsevier). (<b>b</b>) Schematic of fabrication of Alk-Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> and PDMS films with positive structures and flexible pressure sensors (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B29-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">29</a>]. Copyright 2021, copyright Wiley-VCH). (<b>c</b>) Schematic of fabrication and real images of triboelectric tactile sensor based on wrinkled PDMS/MXene composite films (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B70-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">70</a>]. Copyright 2020, copyright Elsevier). (<b>d</b>) Main preparation steps of A-MXene/D-PDMS elastomer and interaction between A-MXene and D-PDMS (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B71-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">71</a>]. Copyright 2020, copyright ACS). (PDAC: poly(diallyl dimethylammonium chloride); PET: polyethylene terephthalate; ITO: indium tin oxide).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/19/4094'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-g008-550.jpg?1665302548" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Dielectric constant of (<b>a</b>) Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>/AE and (<b>b</b>) PANI-Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>/AE (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B76-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">76</a>]. Copyright 2021, copyright Elsevier). (<b>c</b>) Schematic of fabrication of high-areal-capacitance electrodes and highly bendable and stretchable supercapacitors (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B77-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">77</a>]. Copyright 2018, copyright ACS). (<b>d</b>) The MXene/elastomer electrodes for bendable, stretchable supercapacitors (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B77-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">77</a>]. Copyright 2018, copyright ACS). (<b>e</b>) Schematic of fabrication of 3D-MXene/PDMS (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B78-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">78</a>]. Copyright 2019, copyright Elsevier). (<b>f</b>) Schematic of 3D-MXene/PDMS-based TENG (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B78-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">78</a>]. Copyright 2019, copyright Elsevier). (SA: sodium alginate; CB: carbon black nanoparticle).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/19/4094'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-04094/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-04094-g009-550.jpg?1665302544" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Illustration of the preparation and (<b>b</b>) possible flame-retardant mechanism of TPU/PCS-MXene nanocomposites (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [<a href="#B80-polymers-14-04094" class="html-bibr">80</a>]. Copyright 2022, copyright Elsevier).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/19/4094'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 13 pages, 3207 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/14/14/2928/pdf?version=1658306206" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Performance Enhancement of Polymerized, Functionalized Solution Styrene–Butadiene Rubber Composites Using Oligomeric Resin towards Extremely Safe and Energy-Saving Tires" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/14/14/2928">Performance Enhancement of Polymerized, Functionalized Solution Styrene–Butadiene Rubber Composites Using Oligomeric Resin towards Extremely Safe and Energy-Saving Tires</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Neng Ye</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhenya Wu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xiaohui Wu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yonglai Lu</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Liqun Zhang</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2022</b>, <em>14</em>(14), 2928; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14142928">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14142928</a> - 20 Jul 2022 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/14/14/2928#metrics">Cited by 6</a> | Viewed by 2783 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Polymerized, functionalized solution styrene–butadiene rubber (F-SSBR) is a new type of polymerized styrene–butadiene rubber solution containing specific terminal groups, which can be used in treads for high performances. However, the wet skid resistance related to safety, the rolling resistance to energy consumption, and <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/14/2928/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Polymerized, functionalized solution styrene–butadiene rubber (F-SSBR) is a new type of polymerized styrene–butadiene rubber solution containing specific terminal groups, which can be used in treads for high performances. However, the wet skid resistance related to safety, the rolling resistance to energy consumption, and the wear resistance to service life are often contradictory and form the performance “magic triangle”. In this work, oligomeric resins, including Coumarone resin, C<sub>9</sub> resin, C<sub>5</sub>/C<sub>9</sub> resin and a styrene-α-methyl styrene copolymer (SSC), were used as tire functional additives and selected to replace treated distillate aromatic extract (TDAE) to improve the performances of silica-filled F-SSBR composites. The C<sub>9</sub> resin, C<sub>5</sub>/C<sub>9</sub> resin and SSC could enhance the modulus at 300% and tensile strength of the F-SSBR composite. The four resins could improve the wet skid resistance and wear resistance of the composites. However, Coumarone resin caused poor silica dispersion in the F-SSBR matrix and eventually, the lower modulus, higher loss factor at 60 °C and the higher heat buildup in the composite were comparative to the composite with TDAE. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of the C<sub>5</sub>/C<sub>9</sub> resin and SSC was found to improve the mechanical performance of the composites and it resulted in higher tensile strength and modulus, and a lower heat buildup, compared to the case when only TDAE was used. It is noted that the properties “magic triangle” was broken by the C<sub>5</sub>/C<sub>9</sub> resin and SSC, and the C<sub>5</sub>/C<sub>9</sub>10T15 increased the wet skid resistance by 21.7%, fuel-saving rate by 2.3%, and wear resistance by 8.3%, while S20T5 increased the wet skid resistance by 30.4%, fuel-saving rate by 7%, and wear resistance by 25% compared with CG. <a href="/2073-4360/14/14/2928">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/14/2928/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev866919"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next866919"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next866919" data-cycle-prev="#prev866919" data-cycle-progressive="#images866919" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-866919-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02928/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02928-g001-550.jpg?1658306298" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images866919" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-866919-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02928/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02928-g002-550.jpg?1658306295'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-866919-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02928/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02928-g003-550.jpg?1658306297'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-866919-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02928/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02928-g004-550.jpg?1658306296'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-866919-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02928/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02928-g005-550.jpg?1658306295'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-866919-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02928/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02928-g006-550.jpg?1658306296'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-866919-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02928/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02928-g007-550.jpg?1658306298'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-866919-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02928/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02928-g008-550.jpg?1658306293'><p>Figure 8</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-866919-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02928/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02928-g001-550.jpg?1658306298" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The chemical structures of the four resins.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2928'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02928/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02928-g002-550.jpg?1658306295" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>TEM images of composites with different resins.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2928'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02928/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02928-g003-550.jpg?1658306297" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Mooney viscosities (<b>a</b>) and vulcanization characteristics curves (<b>b</b>) of compounds with different resins.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2928'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02928/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02928-g004-550.jpg?1658306296" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Mechanical performance of the composites with different resins: (<b>a</b>) stress–strain curves, (<b>b</b>) tanδ–temperature curves, (<b>c</b>) heat buildups, and (<b>d</b>) Akron abrasions.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2928'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02928/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02928-g005-550.jpg?1658306295" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Mooney viscosities of the compounds with resin and TDAE (<b>a</b>), and vulcanization characteristic curves of the compounds with C<sub>5</sub>/C<sub>9</sub> resin and TDAE (<b>b</b>) and the compounds with SSC and TDAE (<b>c</b>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2928'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02928/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02928-g006-550.jpg?1658306296" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Mechanical performance of the composites with resin and TDAE: (<b>a</b>) stress–strain curves of the composites with C<sub>5</sub>/C<sub>9</sub> resin and TDAE, (<b>b</b>) stress–strain curves of the composites with SSC and TDAE, (<b>c</b>) tanδ–temperature curves of the composites with C<sub>5</sub>/C<sub>9</sub> resin and TDAE, (<b>d</b>) tanδ–temperature curves of the composites with SSC and TDAE, (<b>e</b>) heat buildups, and (<b>f</b>) Akron abrasions.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2928'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02928/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02928-g007-550.jpg?1658306298" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Balance between heat buildup and tanδ at 0 °C for F-SSBR composites. The increment is the proportion of difference between samples and CG in CG.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2928'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02928/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02928-g008-550.jpg?1658306293" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>“Magic triangle” of F-SSBR composites with four different resins (<b>a</b>), with C5/C9 resin and TDAE (<b>b</b>), and with SSC and TDAE (<b>c</b>). Each scale increment is 35%, representing the performance enhancement.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2928'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 13 pages, 5834 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/14/14/2927/pdf?version=1658728713" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Effects of Mechanical Stress on Insulation Structure and Performance of HV Cable" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/14/14/2927">Effects of Mechanical Stress on Insulation Structure and Performance of HV Cable</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jingang Su</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Liqiang Wei</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jingquan Zheng</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jiahao Liu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Peng Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xianhai Pang</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yunqi Xing</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2022</b>, <em>14</em>(14), 2927; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14142927">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14142927</a> - 20 Jul 2022 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/14/14/2927#metrics">Cited by 3</a> | Viewed by 2726 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Mechanical stresses generated during manufacturing and laying process of high voltage cables can result in degradation of insulation properties, affecting the stable operation of the transmission system. Traditional test methods for testing the effect of mechanical stress on the insulation properties of polyethylene <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/14/2927/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Mechanical stresses generated during manufacturing and laying process of high voltage cables can result in degradation of insulation properties, affecting the stable operation of the transmission system. Traditional test methods for testing the effect of mechanical stress on the insulation properties of polyethylene still have some shortcomings to be explored and it is able to explain the changes of the insulation properties of polyethylene under mechanical stress from a microscopic perspective. In order to further study the effect of stress on the insulation properties of polyethylene, microstructural changes, the breakdown field strength, conductivity and charge distribution of polyethylene at different elongation rates are investigated by a combination of experimental and molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that the increase in stress leads to a decrease in crystallinity and microcrystalline size of the material decrease. The untwisting and orientation of the polyethylene molecular chains during the stretching process can create cavities, resulting in an uneven sample distribution and thickness reduction, leading to a reduction in the breakdown field strength. Meanwhile, some crystal regions are transformed into amorphous regions. The loose amorphous regions facilitate the directional migration of carriers, resulting in the increase of conductivity. When the elongation ratio is smaller, the distance between the molecular chains increases and the trap depth of the specimen becomes shallower. This facilitates the migration of ions and electrons and increases the rate of decay of the surface potential. When the stretch is further increased, new traps are created by broken molecular chains to limit the movement of charges, decreasing the decay rate of the surface potential and reducing the insulation properties of the polyethylene. Meanwhile, the molecular dynamics model of semi-crystalline polyethylene was developed to observe the microstructure and energy changes during the stretching process. The conclusions in terms of tensile tests were verified from a microscopic perspective. <a href="/2073-4360/14/14/2927">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/14/2927/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev866811"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next866811"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next866811" data-cycle-prev="#prev866811" data-cycle-progressive="#images866811" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-866811-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g001-550.jpg?1658728791" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images866811" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-866811-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g002-550.jpg?1658728792'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-866811-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g003-550.jpg?1658728781'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-866811-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g004-550.jpg?1658728787'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-866811-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g005-550.jpg?1658728785'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-866811-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g006-550.jpg?1658728779'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-866811-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g007-550.jpg?1658728790'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-866811-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g008-550.jpg?1658728784'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-866811-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g009-550.jpg?1658728786'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-866811-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g010-550.jpg?1658728788'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-866811-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g011-550.jpg?1658728794'><p>Figure 11</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-866811-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g012-550.jpg?1658728786'><p>Figure 12</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='12' data-target='article-866811-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g013-550.jpg?1658728783'><p>Figure 13</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='13' data-target='article-866811-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g014-550.jpg?1658728794'><p>Figure 14</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='14' data-target='article-866811-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g015-550.jpg?1658728782'><p>Figure 15</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-866811-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g001-550.jpg?1658728791" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Breakdown field strength test device.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2927'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g002-550.jpg?1658728792" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Schematic diagram of DC conductivity test.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2927'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g003-550.jpg?1658728781" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Schematic diagram of corona and surface potential measurement system.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2927'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g004-550.jpg?1658728787" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Molecular dynamics modeling of the mixture polyethylene structures.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2927'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g005-550.jpg?1658728785" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>XRD patterns of polyethylene with different elongation ratios.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2927'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g006-550.jpg?1658728779" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>AC breakdown voltage of polyethylene at different elongation ratios.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2927'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g007-550.jpg?1658728790" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Electrical conductivity of polyethylene at different elongation ratios.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2927'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g008-550.jpg?1658728784" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Decay characteristics of polyethylene surface potential at different elongation ratios.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2927'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g009-550.jpg?1658728786" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Decay rate of polyethylene surface potential at different elongation ratios.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2927'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g010-550.jpg?1658728788" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Energy level distribution of polyethylene trap at different elongation ratios.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2927'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g011-550.jpg?1658728794" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Tensile process of the mixture polyethylene structure.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2927'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g012-550.jpg?1658728786" title=" <strong>Figure 12</strong><br/> <p>Tensile process of crystalline in the mixture polyethylene structure.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2927'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g013-550.jpg?1658728783" title=" <strong>Figure 13</strong><br/> <p>Stress-strain response of the mixture polyethylene structure deformed in uniaxial tension.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2927'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g014-550.jpg?1658728794" title=" <strong>Figure 14</strong><br/> <p>Energy decomposition for the mixture polyethylene structure.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2927'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02927/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02927-g015-550.jpg?1658728782" title=" <strong>Figure 15</strong><br/> <p>Density of states diagram before and after stretching.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/14/2927'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 15 pages, 8245 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/14/13/2727/pdf?version=1656987220" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Fabrication of Highly Conductive Silver-Coated Aluminum Microspheres Based on Poly(catechol/polyamine) Surface Modification" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/14/13/2727">Fabrication of Highly Conductive Silver-Coated Aluminum Microspheres Based on Poly(catechol/polyamine) Surface Modification</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mingzheng Hao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lei Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xiaoming Shao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ming Tian</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hua Zou</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Liqun Zhang</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Wencai Wang</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2022</b>, <em>14</em>(13), 2727; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14132727">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14132727</a> - 3 Jul 2022 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/14/13/2727#metrics">Cited by 7</a> | Viewed by 2822 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> A novel and cost-effective method for the fabrication of highly conductive Al/Ag core-shell structured microspheres was proposed and investigated. The oxidative co-deposition of catechol and polyamine was firstly performed to modify the surface of the aluminum microsphere. Then, a two-step electroless plating was <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/13/2727/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> A novel and cost-effective method for the fabrication of highly conductive Al/Ag core-shell structured microspheres was proposed and investigated. The oxidative co-deposition of catechol and polyamine was firstly performed to modify the surface of the aluminum microsphere. Then, a two-step electroless plating was conducted to fabricate the Al/Ag microspheres. During the first step of the electroless plating process, the surface of the aluminum microsphere was deposited with silver nanoparticle seeds using n-octylamine and ethylene glycol. Then, during the second step of the electroless plating process, silver particles grew evenly to form a compact silver shell on the surface of aluminum via a silver mirror reaction. According to the scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray results, a compact and continuous silver layer was successfully generated on the surface of the aluminum. The valence of the sliver on the surface of the aluminum was confirmed to be zero, based on the X-ray photoelectron spectrometer and X-ray diffractometer analyses. As a result, the as-prepared Al/Ag microspheres exhibited a high conductivity of 10,000 S/cm. The Al/Ag/MVQ composite demonstrated low electrical resistivity of 0.0039 Ω·cm and great electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness at more than 70 dB against the X-band, and this result suggests that the as-prepared composite is a promising conductive and electromagnetic shielding material. <a href="/2073-4360/14/13/2727">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/13/2727/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev855016"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next855016"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next855016" data-cycle-prev="#prev855016" data-cycle-progressive="#images855016" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-855016-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-g001-550.jpg?1656987400" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images855016" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-855016-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-g002-550.jpg?1656987386'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-855016-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-g003-550.jpg?1656987376'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-855016-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-g004-550.jpg?1656987394'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-855016-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-g005-550.jpg?1656987373'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-855016-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-g006-550.jpg?1656987391'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-855016-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-g007-550.jpg?1656987379'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-855016-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-g008-550.jpg?1656987397'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-855016-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-sch001-550.jpg?1656987387'><p>Scheme 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-855016-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-sch002-550.jpg?1656987377'><p>Scheme 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-855016-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-sch003-550.jpg?1656987375'><p>Scheme 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-855016-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-g001-550.jpg?1656987400" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>XPS survey scan spectra of (<b>a</b>) pristine aluminum and (<b>b</b>) Al/PCPA microsphere, and C1s spectra of (<b>c</b>) pristine aluminum and (<b>d</b>) Al/PCPA microsphere.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/13/2727'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-g002-550.jpg?1656987386" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>SEM images of (<b>a</b>) Al microsphere, and Al/PCPA microspheres with catechol to polyamine molar ratios of (<b>b</b>) 3:1, (<b>c</b>) 2:1, (<b>d</b>) 1:1, and (<b>e</b>) 1:3.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/13/2727'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-g003-550.jpg?1656987376" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>XPS survey scan spectra of (<b>a</b>) Al/PCPA/Ag NPs, (<b>b</b>) Al/PCPA/Ag, and (<b>c</b>) Ag 3d core-level spectrum of Al/PCPA/Ag microspheres.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/13/2727'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-g004-550.jpg?1656987394" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>XRD spectra of (<b>a</b>) pristine aluminum, (<b>b</b>) Al/PCPA, and (<b>c</b>) Al/PCPA/Ag microspheres.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/13/2727'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-g005-550.jpg?1656987373" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>SEM images of Al/PCPA/Ag fabricated with (<b>a</b>) EG/OA only (Step 1), (<b>b</b>) glucose only (Step 2), and (<b>c</b>) a two-step process. SEM images of (<b>d</b>) pristine Al/Ag.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/13/2727'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-g006-550.jpg?1656987391" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>EDX mapping images of (<b>a</b>) Al/PCPA/Ag-Step 1, (<b>b</b>) Al/PCPA/Ag-Step 2, (<b>c</b>)Al/PCPA/Ag two-step, and (<b>d</b>) Al/Ag-two step-microspheres.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/13/2727'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-g007-550.jpg?1656987379" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>SEM images of Al/PCPA/Ag/MVQ composite (cross-section) under different magnifications (<b>a</b>) ×10k, (<b>b</b>) ×1k.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/13/2727'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-g008-550.jpg?1656987397" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>EMI shielding effectiveness and power coefficient of Al/PCPA/Ag/MVQ composite in X-band.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/13/2727'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-sch001-550.jpg?1656987387" title=" <strong>Scheme 1</strong><br/> <p>Schematic diagram of the preparation steps for the fabrication of silver-coated aluminum microspheres.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/13/2727'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-sch002-550.jpg?1656987377" title=" <strong>Scheme 2</strong><br/> <p>The possible reaction mechanism between catechol and polyamine.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/13/2727'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02727/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02727-sch003-550.jpg?1656987375" title=" <strong>Scheme 3</strong><br/> <p>Schematic illustration of the stepwise growth mechanism of Al/PCPA/Ag microspheres.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/13/2727'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 12 pages, 4665 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/14/12/2374/pdf?version=1655092573" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Polymer Composite with Enhanced Thermal Conductivity and Insulation Properties through Aligned Al2O3 Fiber" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/14/12/2374">Polymer Composite with Enhanced Thermal Conductivity and Insulation Properties through Aligned Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Fiber</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Sijiao Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mengmeng Chen</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kaiming Cao</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2022</b>, <em>14</em>(12), 2374; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14122374">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14122374</a> - 12 Jun 2022 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/14/12/2374#metrics">Cited by 9</a> | Viewed by 2087 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Thermoplastic polyolefins, such as polyethylene (PE), are traditionally one of the most widely used polymer classes with applications in the electric industry, and their nanocomposites have caught the interest of researchers. The linear filler is shown to be beneficial in decreasing the charge <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/12/2374/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Thermoplastic polyolefins, such as polyethylene (PE), are traditionally one of the most widely used polymer classes with applications in the electric industry, and their nanocomposites have caught the interest of researchers. The linear filler is shown to be beneficial in decreasing the charge injection and hindering the formation of charge packs. So, we demonstrate a novel composite with excellent properties. The low-density polyethylene (LDPE) composite with aligned aluminum oxide (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) fiber has been prepared in electric field conditions. The direction of the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> fiber was parallel to the thickness direction of the LDPE composite. The breakdown strength of the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE composite with 0.2% aligned Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> fiber was 498 kV/mm, which is higher than other fillers induced. The aligned Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> fiber has effect on preventing accumulation of space charge and reducing the amount of free electron in the material. In addition, the thermal conductivity of the LDPE composite (0.22 W/m·K) was increased to 0.85 W/m·K when doped with 0.5 wt% aligned Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> fiber. The present structure provides a new possibility for mass new nanocomposites with excellent microstructures and remarkable functionality. <a href="/2073-4360/14/12/2374">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/12/2374/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev837007"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next837007"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next837007" data-cycle-prev="#prev837007" data-cycle-progressive="#images837007" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-837007-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g001-550.jpg?1655092643" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images837007" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-837007-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g002-550.jpg?1655092653'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-837007-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g003-550.jpg?1655092649'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-837007-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g004-550.jpg?1655092652'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-837007-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g005-550.jpg?1655092650'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-837007-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g006-550.jpg?1655092653'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-837007-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g007a-550.jpg?1655092651'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-837007-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g007b-550.jpg?1655092645'><p>Figure 7 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-837007-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g008-550.jpg?1655092646'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-837007-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g009-550.jpg?1655092647'><p>Figure 9</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-837007-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g001-550.jpg?1655092643" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>The preparation of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> fiber and the micro-structure.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/12/2374'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g002-550.jpg?1655092653" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Schematic of modified Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> by KH550, (<b>b</b>) FT-IR curves of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> fiber and modified Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> fiber.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/12/2374'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g003-550.jpg?1655092649" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>SEM micrographs of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE composites (<b>a</b>) randomly dispersed, (<b>b</b>) array dispersed.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/12/2374'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g004-550.jpg?1655092652" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>The breakdown strength of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE composites with the thickness of 50 ± 5 μm (<b>a</b>) different content of R-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE and A-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE; (<b>b</b>) pure LPDE and three different types of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE composites.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/12/2374'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g005-550.jpg?1655092650" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>DC conductivity of (<b>a</b>) R−Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE and pure LDPE, (<b>b</b>) A-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/12/2374'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g006-550.jpg?1655092653" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Current densities of pure LDPE, R-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE and A-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE depended on electrical strength.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/12/2374'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g007a-550.jpg?1655092651" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Effect of A-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE on dynamics space charge injection and suppression (<b>a</b>) pure LDPE, (<b>b</b>) 0.1% A-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE, (<b>c</b>) 0.2% A-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE, (<b>d</b>) 0.5% A-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE, Dependences of the relaxation time in the decay of total trapped charge in (<b>e</b>) pure LDPE, (<b>f</b>) 0.1% A-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE, (<b>g</b>) 0.2% A-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE, (<b>h</b>) 0.5% A-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE under 30 kV/mm upon the electrical field before short circuiting.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/12/2374'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g007b-550.jpg?1655092645" title=" <strong>Figure 7 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Effect of A-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE on dynamics space charge injection and suppression (<b>a</b>) pure LDPE, (<b>b</b>) 0.1% A-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE, (<b>c</b>) 0.2% A-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE, (<b>d</b>) 0.5% A-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE, Dependences of the relaxation time in the decay of total trapped charge in (<b>e</b>) pure LDPE, (<b>f</b>) 0.1% A-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE, (<b>g</b>) 0.2% A-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE, (<b>h</b>) 0.5% A-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE under 30 kV/mm upon the electrical field before short circuiting.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/12/2374'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g008-550.jpg?1655092646" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>The thermal conductivity of the nanocomposites containing various amounts of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> fiber.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/12/2374'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02374/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02374-g009-550.jpg?1655092647" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>The thermal conductivity of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE with different particles and the heat flow (<b>a</b>) the diagram of heat flow (<b>b</b>) pure LDPE, (<b>c</b>) S-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE (<b>d</b>) R-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/LDPE (<b>e</b>) 0.1%A-Al2O3/LDPE (<b>f</b>) 0.1%A-Al2O3/LDPE composite.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/12/2374'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 20 pages, 11615 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/14/11/2210/pdf?version=1653906035" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Heat Build-Up and Rolling Resistance Analysis of a Solid Tire: Experimental Observation and Numerical Simulation with Thermo-Mechanical Coupling Method" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/14/11/2210">Heat Build-Up and Rolling Resistance Analysis of a Solid Tire: Experimental Observation and Numerical Simulation with Thermo-Mechanical Coupling Method</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hong He</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jinming Liu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yaru Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xue Han</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>William V. Mars</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Liqun Zhang</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Fanzhu Li</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2022</b>, <em>14</em>(11), 2210; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14112210">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14112210</a> - 30 May 2022 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/14/11/2210#metrics">Cited by 13</a> | Viewed by 3178 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The hysteresis of rubber materials due to deformation and viscoelasticity is the main reason for the heat build-up (HBU) and rolling resistance (RR) of the rolling tire. It is important to realize the high precision prediction of HBU and RR of tire for <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/11/2210/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The hysteresis of rubber materials due to deformation and viscoelasticity is the main reason for the heat build-up (HBU) and rolling resistance (RR) of the rolling tire. It is important to realize the high precision prediction of HBU and RR of tire for the optimal design of high-performance fuel-saving tire. In this work, a thermo-mechanical coupling method based on Endurica and Abaqus co-simulation was used to predict the steady-state temperature distribution and RR of three finite element models (Lagrangian–Eulerian model, Lagrangian model, and Plane Strain model) of the solid tires under different loads and rotating speeds. The simulation results were compared with the experimental results. The Kraus self-heating model was utilized in the thermo-mechanical coupling method, which realized the quantitative relationship between the dynamic loss modulus of rubber and the loading conditions (temperature, strain, and strain rate). Special attention was paid to the determination of the material parameters in the Kraus self-heating model. The comparison between simulation results and experimental results shows that the Lagrangian model had the highest prediction accuracy, and the average prediction errors of the steady-state surface temperature and RR under three loading conditions were 3.4% and 7.9%, respectively. The Lagrangian–Eulerian model came in the second with average errors of 9.7% and 11.1%, respectively. The Plane Strain model had the worst prediction accuracy, with the average errors of 21.4% and 44.6%, respectively. In terms of the simulation time, the Plane Strain model had the lowest cost, and the average calculation time was 1143 s. The Lagrangian–Eulerian model took the second place, with an average calculation time of 2621 s. The Lagrangian model had the highest computation cost, with an average time of 5597 s. The comparison between the simulation results and the experimental results verified the effectiveness of the thermo-mechanical coupling analysis method. The methods of three finite element models of the solid tires in this work can provide some reference for the optimization design of elastomeric components (Lagrangian model), pneumatic tires (Lagrangian–Eulerian model), and non-pneumatic tires (Plane Strain model). <a href="/2073-4360/14/11/2210">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/11/2210/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev827744"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next827744"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next827744" data-cycle-prev="#prev827744" data-cycle-progressive="#images827744" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery 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data-target='article-827744-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g004-550.jpg?1653906111'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-827744-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g005-550.jpg?1653906118'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-827744-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g006-550.jpg?1653906110'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-827744-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g007-550.jpg?1653906123'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-827744-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g008-550.jpg?1653906109'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-827744-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g009-550.jpg?1653906112'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-827744-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g010-550.jpg?1653906108'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-827744-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g011-550.jpg?1653906124'><p>Figure 11</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-827744-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g012-550.jpg?1653906119'><p>Figure 12</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='12' data-target='article-827744-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g013-550.jpg?1653906105'><p>Figure 13</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='13' data-target='article-827744-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g014-550.jpg?1653906116'><p>Figure 14</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='14' data-target='article-827744-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g015-550.jpg?1653906107'><p>Figure 15</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='15' data-target='article-827744-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g016-550.jpg?1653906114'><p>Figure 16</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='16' data-target='article-827744-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g017-550.jpg?1653906119'><p>Figure 17</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='17' data-target='article-827744-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g018-550.jpg?1653906106'><p>Figure 18</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-827744-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g001-550.jpg?1653906113" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Solid rubber tires (<b>left</b>) and dumbbell rubber specimen (<b>right</b>).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/11/2210'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g002-550.jpg?1653906122" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>The RSS−II rolling resistance tester for solid rubber tires.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/11/2210'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g003-550.jpg?1653906104" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>The flowchart of thermo-mechanical coupling analysis of the solid tire using Endurica and Abaqus co-simulation method.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/11/2210'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g004-550.jpg?1653906111" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) The Lagrangian–Eulerian solid tire model, (<b>b</b>) the Lagrangian solid tire model, and (<b>c</b>) the Plane Strain solid tire model.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/11/2210'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g005-550.jpg?1653906118" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) The original cyclic stress–strain curves at five different peak strains in the deformation model of uniaxial tension, and (<b>b</b>) the original cyclic stress–strain curves at three different peak strains in the deformation model of biaxial tension.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/11/2210'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g006-550.jpg?1653906110" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) The final adjusted unloading stress–strain curve at five peak strain levels of UT, and (<b>b</b>) the final adjusted unloading stress–strain curve at three peak strain levels of BT.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/11/2210'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g007-550.jpg?1653906123" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) The test data of reaction force vs. compressive displacement of the solid tire and the related simulation data obtained by the third-order Ogden hyperelastic model, and (<b>b</b>) the UT and BT test data and the related fitting data by the third-order Ogden hyperelastic model.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/11/2210'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g008-550.jpg?1653906109" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>The dependence of loss modulus on strain amplitude at different temperatures. The strain sweeps from a small strain of 0.1% to a big one of 100%. Temperature scans from 25 °C to 105 °C in 10 °C intervals.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/11/2210'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g009-550.jpg?1653906112" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>The dependence of loss modulus on frequency at different temperatures. The frequency sweeps from 1 Hz to 50 Hz. Temperature scans from 25 °C to 105 °C in 20 °C intervals.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/11/2210'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g010-550.jpg?1653906108" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Test data of <span class="html-italic">G</span>″ vs. <span class="html-italic">ε<sub>a</sub></span> and fitting data of the silica filled S−SBR material at a constant frequency of 10 Hz and a constant temperature of 25 °C. The coefficient of determination R<sup>2</sup> is 0.9988.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/11/2210'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g011-550.jpg?1653906124" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Test data of <span class="html-italic">h</span> vs. <span class="html-italic">θ</span> and fitting data of the silica filled S−SBR material at a constant strain amplitude of 20% and a constant frequency of 10 Hz. The coefficient of determination <span class="html-italic">R</span><sup>2</sup> is 0.9774.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/11/2210'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g012-550.jpg?1653906119" title=" <strong>Figure 12</strong><br/> <p>Test data of <span class="html-italic">h</span> vs. <math display="inline"><semantics> <mrow> <msub> <mover accent="true"> <mi>ε</mi> <mo>˙</mo> </mover> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> </semantics></math> and fitting data of the silica filled S−SBR material at a constant strain amplitude of 0.4 and a constant temperature of 25 °C. The coefficient of determination <span class="html-italic">R<sup>2</sup></span> is 0.9209.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/11/2210'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g013-550.jpg?1653906105" title=" <strong>Figure 13</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) The deformation mode of the specimen and the deformation of the material during the DMA test. (<b>b</b>) An eight-node element model for simulation, and its deformation modes.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/11/2210'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g014-550.jpg?1653906116" title=" <strong>Figure 14</strong><br/> <p>Steady-state surface temperature distribution of the solid tire recorded by an infrared camera under different boundary conditions (<b>a</b>) 15 kg and 600 rev/min, (<b>b</b>) 30 kg and 600 rev/min, (<b>c</b>) 30 kg and 1200 rev/min.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/11/2210'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g015-550.jpg?1653906107" title=" <strong>Figure 15</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Test data of the temperature vs. time curves at Point A shown in <a href="#polymers-14-02210-f014" class="html-fig">Figure 14</a>b under different rotating speed and load, and (<b>b</b>) test data of the RR vs. time curves under different rotating speed and load.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/11/2210'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g016-550.jpg?1653906114" title=" <strong>Figure 16</strong><br/> <p>Contour plots of steady-state surface temperature of the Lagrangian–Eulerian finite element tire model under different rolling conditions (<b>a</b>) 15 kg and 600 rev/min, (<b>b</b>) 30 kg and 600 rev/min, (<b>c</b>) 30 kg and 1200 rev/min.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/11/2210'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g017-550.jpg?1653906119" title=" <strong>Figure 17</strong><br/> <p>Contour plots of steady-state surface temperature of the Lagrangian finite element tire model under different rolling conditions (<b>a</b>) 15 kg and 600 rev/min, (<b>b</b>) 30 kg and 600 rev/min, (<b>c</b>) 30 kg and 1200 rev/min.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/11/2210'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02210/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02210-g018-550.jpg?1653906106" title=" <strong>Figure 18</strong><br/> <p>Contour plots of steady-state surface temperature of the Plane Strain finite element tire model under different rolling conditions (<b>a</b>) 15 kg and 600 rev/min, (<b>b</b>) 30 kg and 600 rev/min, (<b>c</b>) 30 kg and 1200 rev/min.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/11/2210'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-820658" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-820658" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-820658" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2073-4360/14/10/2098/s1?version=1653112679"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 856 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 16 pages, 6890 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/14/10/2098/pdf?version=1653112678" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Effects of Ligands in Rare Earth Complex on Properties, Functions, and Intelligent Behaviors of Polyurea–Urethane Composites" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/14/10/2098">Effects of Ligands in Rare Earth Complex on Properties, Functions, and Intelligent Behaviors of Polyurea–Urethane Composites</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lu Zhou</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hongwei Yang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhen Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yue Liu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jayantha Epaarachchi</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhenggang Fang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Liang Fang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Chunhua Lu</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhongzi Xu</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2022</b>, <em>14</em>(10), 2098; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14102098">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14102098</a> - 21 May 2022 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/14/10/2098#metrics">Cited by 5</a> | Viewed by 1930 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> There is a need to create next-generation polymer composites having high property, unique function, and intelligent behaviors, such as shape memory effect (SME) and self-healing (SH) capability. Rare earth complexes can provide luminescence for polymers, and their dispersion is highly affected by ligand <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/10/2098/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> There is a need to create next-generation polymer composites having high property, unique function, and intelligent behaviors, such as shape memory effect (SME) and self-healing (SH) capability. Rare earth complexes can provide luminescence for polymers, and their dispersion is highly affected by ligand structures. Here, we created three different REOCs with different ligands before studying the effects of ligands on REOC dispersion in polyurea–urethane (PUU) with disulfide bonds in main chains. In addition, the effects of different REOCs on mechanical properties, luminescent functions, and intelligent behaviors of PUU composites were studied. The results showed that REOC I (Sm(TTA)<sub>3</sub>phen: TTA, thenoyltrifluoroacetone; phen, 1,10-phenanthroline) has incompatible ligands with the PUU matrix. REOC I and REOC III (Sm(BUBA)<sub>3</sub>phen: BUBA, 4-benzylurea-benzoic acid) with amine and urea groups facilitate their dispersion. It was REOC III that helped the maintenance of mechanical properties of PUU composites due to the good dispersion and the needle-like morphologies. Due to more organic ligands of REOC III, the fluorescence intensity of composite materials is reduced. The shape recovery ratio of the composite was not as good as that of pure PUU when a large amount of fillers was added. Besides, REOC I reduced the self-healing efficiency of PUU composites due to poor dispersion, and the other two REOCs increased the self-healing efficiency. The results showed that ligands in REOCs are important for their dispersion in the PUU matrix. The poor dispersion of REOC I is unbeneficial for mechanical properties and intelligent behavior. The high miscibility of REOC II (Sm(PABA)<sub>3</sub>phen: PABA, 4-aminobenzoic acid) decreases mechanical properties as well but ensures the good shape recovery ratio and self-healing efficiency. The mediate miscibility and needle-like morphology of REOC III are good for mechanical properties. The shape recovery ratio, however, was decreased. <a href="/2073-4360/14/10/2098">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/10/2098/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev820658"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next820658"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next820658" data-cycle-prev="#prev820658" data-cycle-progressive="#images820658" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-820658-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g001-550.jpg?1653112758" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images820658" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-820658-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g002-550.jpg?1653112762'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-820658-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g003-550.jpg?1653112752'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-820658-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g004-550.jpg?1653112766'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-820658-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g005-550.jpg?1653112754'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-820658-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g006-550.jpg?1653112755'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-820658-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g007-550.jpg?1653112756'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-820658-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g008-550.jpg?1653112765'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-820658-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g009-550.jpg?1653112768'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-820658-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g010-550.jpg?1653112770'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-820658-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-sch001-550.jpg?1653112768'><p>Scheme 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-820658-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-sch002-550.jpg?1653112753'><p>Scheme 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='12' data-target='article-820658-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-sch003-550.jpg?1653112763'><p>Scheme 3</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-820658-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g001-550.jpg?1653112758" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>–<b>c</b>) FTIR spectra: (<b>a</b>) HNMR (<b>b</b>) and TGA (<b>c</b>) curves of REOC II and REOC III; (<b>d</b>) emission spectra of REOC II and REOC III under 340 nm UV light; (<b>e</b>,<b>f</b>) SEM images of (<b>e</b>) REOC II and (<b>f</b>) REOC III; (<b>g</b>–<b>i</b>) luminescent lifetime and fitting curves of (<b>g</b>) REOC I, (<b>h</b>) REOC II, and (<b>i</b>) REOC III.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/10/2098'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g002-550.jpg?1653112762" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>SEM images of REOC/PUU composites: (<b>a</b>) REOC I, (<b>b</b>) REOC II, (<b>c</b>) REOC III (2, 5, 10, 20 phr).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/10/2098'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g003-550.jpg?1653112752" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>SEM and EDS images (C and Sm) of 20 phr REOC/PUU composites (<b>a</b>) REOC I, (<b>b</b>) REOC II, (<b>c</b>) REOC III; (<b>d</b>–<b>f</b>) XRD patterns of REOC/PUU composite materials (<b>d</b>) REOC I, (<b>e</b>) REOC II, (<b>f</b>) REOC III.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/10/2098'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g004-550.jpg?1653112766" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Stress–strain curves of PUU and REOC/PUU composites: (<b>a</b>) REOC I, (<b>b</b>) REOC II, (<b>c</b>) REOC III (2, 5, 10, 20 phr); (<b>d</b>–<b>f</b>) storage modulus of REOC/PUU composites with (<b>d</b>) REOC I, (<b>e</b>) REOC II, and (<b>f</b>) REOC III (2, 5, 10, 20 phr); (<b>g</b>–<b>i</b>) loss factor of PUU and REOC/PUU composites with (<b>g</b>) REOC I, (<b>h</b>) REOC II, and (<b>i</b>) REOC III (2, 5, 10, 20 phr).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/10/2098'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g005-550.jpg?1653112754" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>TGA (thermogravimetric analysis) curves of PUU and REOC/PUU composites with (<b>a</b>) REOC I, (<b>b</b>) REOC II, (<b>c</b>) REOC III (2, 5, 10, 20 phr); (<b>d</b>–<b>f</b>) fluorescence function spectra of REOC/PUU composites with (<b>d</b>) REOC I, (<b>e</b>) REOC II, and (<b>f</b>) REOC III (2, 5, 10, 20 phr) under 340 nm ultraviolet light.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/10/2098'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g006-550.jpg?1653112755" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>A self-made equipment for testing shape memory.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/10/2098'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g007-550.jpg?1653112756" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Shape recovery rates of PUU and REOC/PUU composites at different temperatures: (<b>a</b>) REOC I, (<b>b</b>) REOC II, (<b>c</b>) REOC III (2, 5, 10, 20 phr).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/10/2098'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g008-550.jpg?1653112765" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Stress–strain curves of PUU and PUU-I composite materials before and after heating and repairing at 130 °C: (<b>a</b>) PUU, (<b>b</b>) PUU-I-2, (<b>c</b>) PUU-I-5, (<b>d</b>) PUU-I-10, (<b>e</b>) PUU-I-20.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/10/2098'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g009-550.jpg?1653112768" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Stress–strain curves of PUU and PUU-II composite materials before and after repairing at 130 °C: (<b>a</b>) PUU, (<b>b</b>) PUU-II-2, (<b>c</b>) PUU-II-5, (<b>d</b>) PUU-II-10, (<b>e</b>) PUU-II-20.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/10/2098'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-g010-550.jpg?1653112770" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Stress-strain curves of PUU and PUU-III composite materials before and after repairing at 130 °C (<b>a</b>) PUU, (<b>b</b>) PUU-III-2, (<b>c</b>) PUU-III-5, (<b>d</b>) PUU-III-10, (<b>e</b>) PUU-III-20.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/10/2098'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-sch001-550.jpg?1653112768" title=" <strong>Scheme 1</strong><br/> <p>Synthesis procedures of PUU.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/10/2098'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-sch002-550.jpg?1653112753" title=" <strong>Scheme 2</strong><br/> <p>Chemical structure of REOC I (Sm(TTA)<sub>3</sub>phen), REOC II (Sm(PABA)<sub>3</sub>phen), and REOC III (Sm(BUBA)<sub>3</sub>phen).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/10/2098'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-02098/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-02098-sch003-550.jpg?1653112763" title=" <strong>Scheme 3</strong><br/> <p>The dispersion of REOC I (Sm(TTA)<sub>3</sub>phen), REOC II (Sm(PABA)<sub>3</sub>phen), and REOC III (Sm(BUBA)<sub>3</sub>phen) in PUU solution and the PUU matrix.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/10/2098'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 14 pages, 2716 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/14/9/1898/pdf?version=1651828099" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Research on the Influence of Extremely Cold Environment on the Performance of Silicone Rubber and Fluorinated Silicone Rubber" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/14/9/1898">Research on the Influence of Extremely Cold Environment on the Performance of Silicone Rubber and Fluorinated Silicone Rubber</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shenghui Wang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Mengchao Hou</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Kang Ma</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhiwei Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Hui Geng</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Wenwen Zhang</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Nan Li</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2022</b>, <em>14</em>(9), 1898; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14091898">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14091898</a> - 6 May 2022 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/14/9/1898#metrics">Cited by 10</a> | Viewed by 2876 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> In order to study the performance variation characteristics of silicone rubber and fluorinated silicone rubber at extremely cold temperatures, two type samples were frozen for 0, 150, 300, 450, 600, 750, 900 and 1050 h in a low-temperature test chamber with a constant <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/9/1898/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> In order to study the performance variation characteristics of silicone rubber and fluorinated silicone rubber at extremely cold temperatures, two type samples were frozen for 0, 150, 300, 450, 600, 750, 900 and 1050 h in a low-temperature test chamber with a constant temperature of −50 °C. After the samples reached a certain freezing time, they were taken out and placed at room temperature for 2 h, then the breakdown voltage, mechanical tensile properties, and hardness and surface morphology were measured, and the mechanism was analyzed. The breakdown voltage, maximum tensile force, and tensile strength of the two type samples increased with freezing time. The elongation at break decreased with freezing time, but the hardness of the two materials changed little. Microcracks appeared on the surface of the samples at about 300 h and some tiny pore and holes appeared at 750 h. The length and depth of the microcracks gradually developed with freezing time. The comparative test results of the two materials showed that the performance of fluorinated silicone rubber was better than that of silicone rubber, which indicates that fluorinated silicone rubber is more stable for some applications in extremely cold environments. <a href="/2073-4360/14/9/1898">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/9/1898/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev809541"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next809541"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next809541" data-cycle-prev="#prev809541" data-cycle-progressive="#images809541" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-809541-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g001-550.jpg?1651828188" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images809541" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-809541-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g002-550.jpg?1651828184'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-809541-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g003-550.jpg?1651828189'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-809541-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g004-550.jpg?1651828191'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-809541-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g005-550.jpg?1651828190'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-809541-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g006-550.jpg?1651828188'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-809541-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g007-550.jpg?1651828191'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-809541-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g008-550.jpg?1651828193'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-809541-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g009-550.jpg?1651828187'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-809541-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g010-550.jpg?1651828187'><p>Figure 10</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-809541-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g001-550.jpg?1651828188" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Test samples.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1898'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g002-550.jpg?1651828184" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Variation of breakdown voltage with freezing time.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1898'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g003-550.jpg?1651828189" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Relationship between breakdown voltage and days at room temperature. (<b>a</b>) Silicone rubber; (<b>b</b>) Fluorosilicone rubber.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1898'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g004-550.jpg?1651828191" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Variation curves of fluorinated silicone rubber tensile force with time.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1898'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g005-550.jpg?1651828190" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Variation curves of silicone rubber tensile force with time.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1898'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g006-550.jpg?1651828188" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>The variation of tensile strength with low temperature freezing time.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1898'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g007-550.jpg?1651828191" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>The variation of elasticity modulus with low temperature freezing time.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1898'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g008-550.jpg?1651828193" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>The relationship between the tensile strength of specimens and the days of storage at room temperature. (<b>a</b>) Silicone rubber; (<b>b</b>) Fluorosilicone rubber.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1898'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g009-550.jpg?1651828187" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Hardness changes with low temperature freezing time.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1898'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01898/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01898-g010-550.jpg?1651828187" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Surface morphology changes with low temperature freezing time. (<b>a</b>) Freezing 0 h, (<b>b</b>) Freezing 300 h, (<b>c</b>) Freezing 750 h, (<b>d</b>) Freezing 1050 h.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1898'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 19 pages, 7456 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/14/9/1795/pdf?version=1651212933" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Mechanism and Influence Factors of Abrasion Resistance of High-Flow Grade SEBS/PP Blended Thermoplastic Elastomer" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/14/9/1795">Mechanism and Influence Factors of Abrasion Resistance of High-Flow Grade SEBS/PP Blended Thermoplastic Elastomer</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shuwen Liu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jun Qiu</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Lili Han</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xueyan Ma</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Wenquan Chen</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2022</b>, <em>14</em>(9), 1795; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14091795">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14091795</a> - 28 Apr 2022 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/14/9/1795#metrics">Cited by 7</a> | Viewed by 3087 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SEBS)/polypropylene (PP) blended thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) is suitable for preparing the automotive interiors because of its excellent elasticity, softness, weather resistance, low odor, low VOC and other environmental-friendly properties. The skin of the automobile instrument panel is an appearance <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/9/1795/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Hydrogenated styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SEBS)/polypropylene (PP) blended thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) is suitable for preparing the automotive interiors because of its excellent elasticity, softness, weather resistance, low odor, low VOC and other environmental-friendly properties. The skin of the automobile instrument panel is an appearance part, which requires excellent friction loss resistance of surface. In this paper, the high-flow SEBS/PP blended thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) suitable for the preparation of injection molding skins for automobile instrument panel was studied. By comparing the Taber abrasion and cross-scratch properties, the effects of SEBS’s molecular weight, styrene content in the molecule, molecular structure and types of lubricating agents on the friction loss properties of the material were investigated. The results show that under the same SEBS molecular structure, the higher the molecular weight within a certain range, the better the wear resistance of high-flow SEBS/PP type TPE, but the ultra-high molecular weight exhibits lower wear resistance than high molecular weight; The high-flow SEBS/PP blended TPE prepared by medium styrene content SEBS has better abrasion resistance; TPE prepared by star SEBS is better than linear SEBS; Adding silane-based lubricating agents is beneficial to improve the friction loss resistance of the material, especially combined use of high and low molecular weight silicone. <a href="/2073-4360/14/9/1795">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/9/1795/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev804379"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next804379"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next804379" data-cycle-prev="#prev804379" data-cycle-progressive="#images804379" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-804379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g001-550.jpg?1651213034" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images804379" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-804379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g002a-550.jpg?1651213046'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-804379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g002b-550.jpg?1651213035'><p>Figure 2 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-804379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g003a-550.jpg?1651213032'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-804379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g003b-550.jpg?1651213039'><p>Figure 3 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-804379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g004a-550.jpg?1651213043'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-804379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g004b-550.jpg?1651213040'><p>Figure 4 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-804379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g005-550.jpg?1651213029'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-804379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g006-550.jpg?1651213037'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-804379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g007-550.jpg?1651213041'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-804379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g008-550.jpg?1651213023'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-804379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g009-550.jpg?1651213045'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='12' data-target='article-804379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g010a-550.jpg?1651213021'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='13' data-target='article-804379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g010b-550.jpg?1651213025'><p>Figure 10 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='14' data-target='article-804379-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g011-550.jpg?1651213027'><p>Figure 11</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-804379-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g001-550.jpg?1651213034" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Samples after cross-scratch test of TPE prepared by SEBS with similar structure and various molecular weights. (<b>a</b>) TPE-LW; (<b>b</b>) TPE-MW; (<b>c</b>) TPE-HW; (<b>d</b>) TPE-UHW.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1795'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g002a-550.jpg?1651213046" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>TPE samples after Taber abrasion test of TPE prepared by SEBS with similar structures and various molecular weight. (<b>a</b>) TPE-LW; (<b>b</b>) TPE-MW; (<b>c</b>) TPE-HW; (<b>d</b>) TPE-UHW.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1795'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g002b-550.jpg?1651213035" title=" <strong>Figure 2 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>TPE samples after Taber abrasion test of TPE prepared by SEBS with similar structures and various molecular weight. (<b>a</b>) TPE-LW; (<b>b</b>) TPE-MW; (<b>c</b>) TPE-HW; (<b>d</b>) TPE-UHW.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1795'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g003a-550.jpg?1651213032" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>40 times magnification of the wear scratch of samples with similar structures and various molecular weight SEBS after Taber test. (<b>a</b>) TPE-LW; (<b>b</b>) TPE-MW; (<b>c</b>) TPE-HW; (<b>d</b>) TPE-UHW; (<b>e</b>) the magnified view before Taber abrasion test.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1795'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g003b-550.jpg?1651213039" title=" <strong>Figure 3 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>40 times magnification of the wear scratch of samples with similar structures and various molecular weight SEBS after Taber test. (<b>a</b>) TPE-LW; (<b>b</b>) TPE-MW; (<b>c</b>) TPE-HW; (<b>d</b>) TPE-UHW; (<b>e</b>) the magnified view before Taber abrasion test.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1795'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g004a-550.jpg?1651213043" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Comparison of TPE cross-scratched samples prepared from SEBS with various styrene contents. (<b>a</b>) TPE-Ms/Hw; (<b>b</b>) TPE-Hs/Hw; (<b>c</b>) TPE-Hs/Lw.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1795'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g004b-550.jpg?1651213040" title=" <strong>Figure 4 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>Comparison of TPE cross-scratched samples prepared from SEBS with various styrene contents. (<b>a</b>) TPE-Ms/Hw; (<b>b</b>) TPE-Hs/Hw; (<b>c</b>) TPE-Hs/Lw.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1795'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g005-550.jpg?1651213029" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>TPE samples prepared by SEBS with various styrene content after Taber abrasion. (<b>a</b>) TPE-Ms/Hw; (<b>b</b>) TPE-Hs/Hw; (<b>c</b>) TPE-Hs/Lw.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1795'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g006-550.jpg?1651213037" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Comparison of abrasion scars of TPE with high styrene content. (<b>a</b>,<b>b</b>) are the pictures of TPE-Hs/Hw and TPE-Hs/Lw magnified 40 times respectively, (<b>c</b>,<b>d</b>) are partial magnifications of (<b>a</b>,<b>b</b>) with a magnification of 200 times).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1795'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g007-550.jpg?1651213041" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Cross scratching sample of TPE prepared by SEBS with various molecular structures. (<b>a</b>)TPE-HWL; (<b>b</b>) TPE-HWS; (<b>c</b>) TPE-LWS.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1795'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g008-550.jpg?1651213023" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>TPE samples prepared by SEBS with various molecular structures after Taber abrasion. (<b>a</b>) TPE-HWL; (<b>b</b>) TPE-HWS; (<b>c</b>) TPE-LWS.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1795'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g009-550.jpg?1651213045" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>40 times magnified photos of samples prepared by SEBS with various molecular structures after Taber-abrasion test. (<b>a</b>) TPE-HWL; (<b>b</b>) TPE-HWS; (<b>c</b>) TPE-LWS.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1795'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g010a-550.jpg?1651213021" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>TPE samples prepared by various lubrication agents and masterbatches after Taber Abrasion. (<b>a</b>) TPE-HG650; (<b>b</b>) TPE-SR100B; (<b>c</b>) TPE-18K; (<b>d</b>) TPE-H/LSi; (<b>e</b>) TPE-PTFE.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1795'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g010b-550.jpg?1651213025" title=" <strong>Figure 10 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>TPE samples prepared by various lubrication agents and masterbatches after Taber Abrasion. (<b>a</b>) TPE-HG650; (<b>b</b>) TPE-SR100B; (<b>c</b>) TPE-18K; (<b>d</b>) TPE-H/LSi; (<b>e</b>) TPE-PTFE.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1795'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01795/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01795-g011-550.jpg?1651213027" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Cross scratch samples of TPE prepared by various lubricating agents and masterbatches. (<b>a</b>) TPE-HG650; (<b>b</b>) TPE-SR100B; (<b>c</b>) TPE-18K; (<b>d</b>) TPE-H/LSi; (<b>e</b>) TPE-PTFE.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1795'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <a data-dropdown="drop-supplementary-797587" aria-controls="drop-supplementary-797587" aria-expanded="false" title="Supplementary Material"> <i class="material-icons">attachment</i> </a> <div id="drop-supplementary-797587" class="f-dropdown label__btn__dropdown label__btn__dropdown--wide" data-dropdown-content aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"> Supplementary material: <br/> <a href="/2073-4360/14/9/1656/s1?version=1650437810"> Supplementary File 1 (ZIP, 862 KiB) </a><br/> </div> </div> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 13 pages, 6686 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/14/9/1656/pdf?version=1650437808" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Aqueous Strippable Polymer Coating for Highly Efficient Primary Radioactive Uranium Decontamination with Versatility on Diversified Surface" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/14/9/1656">Aqueous Strippable Polymer Coating for Highly Efficient Primary Radioactive Uranium Decontamination with Versatility on Diversified Surface</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yang Xue</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Wuxinchen Yang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Renliang Yue</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yunfa Chen</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2022</b>, <em>14</em>(9), 1656; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14091656">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14091656</a> - 20 Apr 2022 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/14/9/1656#metrics">Cited by 6</a> | Viewed by 2478 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> The decontamination of radioactive materials on the surfaces of nuclear facilities has generated large quantities of waste from the rapid development of the nuclear industry, posing a potential threat globally. Strippable coating has been employed for some time to remove radioactive contamination due <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/9/1656/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> The decontamination of radioactive materials on the surfaces of nuclear facilities has generated large quantities of waste from the rapid development of the nuclear industry, posing a potential threat globally. Strippable coating has been employed for some time to remove radioactive contamination due to its high performance and removability, flexibility, and compatibility with various substrates. Herein, an aqueous strippable coating based on an adsorbent/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer was developed to remove radioactive uranium from stainless-steel surfaces that showed greater decontamination than that of DeconGel, with an efficiency of 87.2% for 5 g/L uranium and 95.5% for 22.5 g/L uranium, along with a high repeatability and better mechanical properties. Furthermore, the prepared coating was versatile and could be applied to a range of substrate surfaces (lacquered, aluminum, glass, plastic, and ceramic), with outstanding performance ranging from 79.2 to 95.4% for 1 g/L uranium. The prepared coating could also be applied through brushing or spraying to horizontal or vertical substrates. The exceptional performance could be due to the synergistic effect of the introduction of ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid disodium salt (EDTA-2Na) as a chelating agent and the nano-adsorbent CaCO<sub>3</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub>. <a href="/2073-4360/14/9/1656">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/9/1656/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev797587"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next797587"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next797587" data-cycle-prev="#prev797587" data-cycle-progressive="#images797587" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-797587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-ag-550.jpg?1650437897" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Graphical abstract</p></div><script id="images797587" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-797587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g001-550.jpg?1650437897'><p>Figure 1</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-797587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g002-550.jpg?1650437897'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-797587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g003-550.jpg?1650437897'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-797587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g004a-550.jpg?1650437897'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-797587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g004b-550.jpg?1650437897'><p>Figure 4 Cont.</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-797587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g005-550.jpg?1650437897'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-797587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g006-550.jpg?1650437897'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-797587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g007-550.jpg?1650437897'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-797587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g008-550.jpg?1650437897'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-797587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g009-550.jpg?1650437897'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-797587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g010-550.jpg?1650437897'><p>Figure 10</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-797587-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-ag-550.jpg?1650437897" title=" <strong>Graphical abstract</strong><br/><strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1656'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g001-550.jpg?1650437897" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Schematic illustration of the decontamination process of polymeric coating.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1656'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g002-550.jpg?1650437897" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>Micro morphology of dried polymeric film (<b>a</b>) C1 and (<b>b</b>) DeconGel 1101.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1656'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g003-550.jpg?1650437897" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Decontamination effectiveness of PCBs detected by GC/MS.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1656'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g004a-550.jpg?1650437897" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Decontamination effectiveness and photographs of polymeric coating (<b>b</b>) C1 and (<b>c</b>) C2 for stainless steel plates.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1656'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g004b-550.jpg?1650437897" title=" <strong>Figure 4 Cont.</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Decontamination effectiveness and photographs of polymeric coating (<b>b</b>) C1 and (<b>c</b>) C2 for stainless steel plates.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1656'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g005-550.jpg?1650437897" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Repeatability of polymeric coating C1 (1 g/L) decontamination.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1656'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g006-550.jpg?1650437897" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>High decontamination effectiveness of polymeric coatings C1 and DeconGel 11001 with high surface contamination levels.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1656'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g007-550.jpg?1650437897" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Photographs of high surface contamination levels: (<b>a</b>,<b>b</b>) 1st and 2nd CL decontamination of 5 g/L; (<b>c</b>,<b>d</b>) 1st and 2nd C1 decontamination of 22.5 g/L; (<b>e</b>,<b>f</b>) 1st and 2nd DeconGel decontamination of 5 g/L; (<b>g</b>,<b>h</b>) 1st and 2nd DeconGel decontamination of 22.5 g/L.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1656'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g008-550.jpg?1650437897" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>Decontamination effectiveness of polymeric coating C1 applied on different surfaces.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1656'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g009-550.jpg?1650437897" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>Photographs of decontamination of different surfaces: (<b>a</b>) lacquered surface, (<b>b</b>) aluminium surface, (<b>c</b>) glass surface, (<b>d</b>) plastic surface, (<b>e</b>) ceramic surface.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1656'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01656/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01656-g010-550.jpg?1650437897" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>Stress–strain curves for polymeric coatings C1 and DeconGel.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/9/1656'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 13 pages, 3345 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/14/7/1432/pdf?version=1648729816" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Study on Surface Discharge Characteristics of GO-Doped Epoxy Resin–LN2 Composite Insulation" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/14/7/1432">Study on Surface Discharge Characteristics of GO-Doped Epoxy Resin–LN<sub>2</sub> Composite Insulation</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yunqi Xing</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Yuanyuan Chen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ruiyi Yuan</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zhuoran Yang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Tianyi Yao</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jiehua Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Wenbo Zhu</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xiaoxue Wang</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2022</b>, <em>14</em>(7), 1432; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14071432">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14071432</a> - 31 Mar 2022 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/14/7/1432#metrics">Cited by 1</a> | Viewed by 2255 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> Superconducting power lead equipment for epoxy insulation, such as high-temperature superconducting DC power or liquefied natural gas energy pipelines, as well as high-temperature superconducting cables, has long been used in extreme environments, from liquid nitrogen temperatures to normal temperatures. It is easy to <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/7/1432/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> Superconducting power lead equipment for epoxy insulation, such as high-temperature superconducting DC power or liquefied natural gas energy pipelines, as well as high-temperature superconducting cables, has long been used in extreme environments, from liquid nitrogen temperatures to normal temperatures. It is easy to induce surface discharge and flashover under the action of strong electric field, which accelerates the insulation failure of current leads. In this paper, two-dimensional nano-material GO was used to control the electrical properties of epoxy resins. The DC surface discharge and flashover characteristics of the prepared epoxy resin–GO composite insulation materials were tested at room temperature with liquid nitrogen. The surface discharge mechanism of the epoxy resin–GO composite insulation materials was analyzed. The experimental results show that the insulation properties of epoxy composites doped with GO changed. Among them, the surface flashover voltage of 0.05 wt% material is the best, which can inhibit the discharge phenomenon and improve its insulation properties in extreme environments, from room temperature to liquid nitrogen temperature. It is found that the development process of surface discharge of composite insulating materials under liquid nitrogen is quite different from that under room temperature. Before critical flashover, the repetition rate and amplitude of surface discharge remain at a low level until critical flashover. Furthermore, the voltage of the first flashover is significantly higher than that of the subsequent flashover under the action of the desorption gas on the surface of the composite insulating material and the gasification layer produced by the discharge. Given that the surface flashover voltage of 0.05 wt% epoxy composite is the best, the research and analysis of 0.05 wt% composite is emphasized. In the future design of superconducting power lead insulation, the modification method of adding GO to epoxy resin can be considered in order to improve its insulation performance. <a href="/2073-4360/14/7/1432">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/7/1432/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev784587"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next784587"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next784587" data-cycle-prev="#prev784587" data-cycle-progressive="#images784587" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-784587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g001-550.jpg?1648729901" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images784587" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-784587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g002-550.jpg?1648729901'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-784587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g003-550.jpg?1648729901'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-784587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g004-550.jpg?1648729901'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-784587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g005-550.jpg?1648729901'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-784587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g006-550.jpg?1648729901'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-784587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g007-550.jpg?1648729901'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-784587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g008-550.jpg?1648729901'><p>Figure 8</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='8' data-target='article-784587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g009-550.jpg?1648729901'><p>Figure 9</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='9' data-target='article-784587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g010-550.jpg?1648729901'><p>Figure 10</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='10' data-target='article-784587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g011-550.jpg?1648729901'><p>Figure 11</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='11' data-target='article-784587-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g012-550.jpg?1648729901'><p>Figure 12</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-784587-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g001-550.jpg?1648729901" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>Preparation process of epoxy resin–GO nanocomposites.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/7/1432'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g002-550.jpg?1648729901" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>DC surface discharge and flashover voltage test device.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/7/1432'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g003-550.jpg?1648729901" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>Surface conductivity of epoxy resin–GO composites.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/7/1432'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g004-550.jpg?1648729901" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Spectrum of relative permittivity of epoxy nanocomposites at room temperature and −150 °C. (<b>a</b>) Spectrum of relative permittivity of epoxy nanocomposites at room temperature; (<b>b</b>) Spectrum of relative permittivity of epoxy nanocomposites at −150 °C.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/7/1432'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g005-550.jpg?1648729901" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>DC surface discharge initial voltage of epoxy resin–GO composites.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/7/1432'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g006-550.jpg?1648729901" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>Variation characteristics of discharge repetition rate. (<b>a</b>) Variation characteristics of discharge repetition rate at room temperature; (<b>b</b>) Variation characteristics of discharge repetition rate at LN<sub>2</sub>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/7/1432'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g007-550.jpg?1648729901" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Surface discharge amplitude of epoxy resin–GO composites. (<b>a</b>) Surface discharge amplitude of epoxy resin–GO composites at room temperature; (<b>b</b>) Surface discharge amplitude of epoxy resin–GO composites at LN<sub>2</sub>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/7/1432'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g008-550.jpg?1648729901" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>DC surface flashover voltage of epoxy resin–GO composites. (<b>a</b>) DC surface flashover voltage of epoxy resin–GO composites at room temperature; (<b>b</b>) DC surface flashover voltage of epoxy resin–GO composites at LN<sub>2</sub>.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/7/1432'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g009-550.jpg?1648729901" title=" <strong>Figure 9</strong><br/> <p>SPD characteristics of epoxy resin-GO composites.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/7/1432'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g010-550.jpg?1648729901" title=" <strong>Figure 10</strong><br/> <p>The 20 min surface potential attenuation rate of epoxy resin–GO composites.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/7/1432'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g011-550.jpg?1648729901" title=" <strong>Figure 11</strong><br/> <p>Surface trap distribution characteristics of epoxy resin-GO composites. (<b>a</b>) Surface trap distribution characteristics of epoxy resin-GO composites at positive voltage; (<b>b</b>) Surface trap distribution characteristics of epoxy resin-GO composites at negative voltage.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/7/1432'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01432/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01432-g012-550.jpg?1648729901" title=" <strong>Figure 12</strong><br/> <p>SEM images of epoxy resin–GO nanocomposites.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/7/1432'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> <div class="generic-item article-item"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="label right label__btn"> <span style="font-size: 12px; color: #1a1a1a;"> 11 pages, 6663 KiB   </span> <a href="/2073-4360/14/6/1205/pdf?version=1647501301" class="UD_Listings_ArticlePDF" title="Article PDF" data-name="Study on Thermal-Oxidative Aging Properties of Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer Composites Filled with Silica and Carbon Nanotubes" data-journal="polymers"> <i class="material-icons custom-download"></i> </a> </div> <div class="article-icons"><span class="label openaccess" data-dropdown="drop-article-label-openaccess" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</span><span class="label articletype">Article</span></div> <a class="title-link" href="/2073-4360/14/6/1205">Study on Thermal-Oxidative Aging Properties of Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer Composites Filled with Silica and Carbon Nanotubes</a> <div class="authors"> by <span class="inlineblock "><strong>Xiaoming Zhang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jian Li</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Zilong Chen</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Ce Pang</strong>, </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Shaojian He</strong> and </span><span class="inlineblock "><strong>Jun Lin</strong></span> </div> <div class="color-grey-dark"> <em>Polymers</em> <b>2022</b>, <em>14</em>(6), 1205; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14061205">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14061205</a> - 17 Mar 2022 </div> <a href="/2073-4360/14/6/1205#metrics">Cited by 15</a> | Viewed by 2529 <div class="abstract-div"> <a href="#" onclick="$(this).next('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> <strong>Abstract </strong> </a> <div class="abstract-cropped inline"> In this work, a small amount of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was used to partially replace the silica in ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) to prepare EPDM composites via mechanical blending. The mechanical properties, thermal-oxidative aging properties and thermal stability of the composites were systematically investigated. <a href="#" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/6/1205/more" onclick="$(this).parents('.abstract-cropped').toggleClass('inline').next('.abstract-full').toggleClass('inline'); return false;"> [...] Read more.</a> </div> <div class="abstract-full "> In this work, a small amount of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was used to partially replace the silica in ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) to prepare EPDM composites via mechanical blending. The mechanical properties, thermal-oxidative aging properties and thermal stability of the composites were systematically investigated. The results showed that with the increase of CNTs content, the Shore A hardness and stress at 100% strain of the composites increased, while the elongation at break decreased. With the aging time increasing, the aging coefficient and elongation at break of composites decreased while hardness increased due to the raise of crosslinking density. In addition, evidences were found to demonstrate the improved aging resistance by adding CNTs in the EPDM composites, including the less change in Shore A hardness, the smaller change ratio of elongation at break and the lower aging coefficient. When the content of CNTs reached 10 phr, the aging coefficient of the EPDM composite aged for 168 h was nearly twice that of the composite without CNTs, and the thermal stability of the EPDM composite with CNTs was improved as demonstrated by thermal analysis. <a href="/2073-4360/14/6/1205">Full article</a> </div> </div> <a href="#" class="abstract-figures-show" data-counterslink = "https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/14/6/1205/show" ><span >►</span><span style=" display: none;">▼</span> Show Figures </a><div class="abstract-image-preview "><div class="arrow left-arrow" id="prev773037"><i class="fa fa-caret-left"></i></div><div class="arrow right-arrow" id="next773037"><i class="fa fa-caret-right"></i></div><div class="absgraph cycle-slideshow manual" data-cycle-fx="scrollHorz" data-cycle-timeout="0" data-cycle-next="#next773037" data-cycle-prev="#prev773037" data-cycle-progressive="#images773037" data-cycle-slides=">div" data-cycle-log="false"><div class='openpopupgallery cycle-slide' data-imgindex='0' data-target='article-773037-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAD/ACwAAAAAAQABAAACADs=" data-src="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01205/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01205-g001-550.jpg?1647501404" alt="" style="border: 0;"><p>Figure 1</p></div><script id="images773037" type="text/cycle" data-cycle-split="---"><div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='1' data-target='article-773037-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01205/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01205-g002-550.jpg?1647501404'><p>Figure 2</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='2' data-target='article-773037-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01205/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01205-g003-550.jpg?1647501404'><p>Figure 3</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='3' data-target='article-773037-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01205/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01205-g004-550.jpg?1647501404'><p>Figure 4</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='4' data-target='article-773037-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01205/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01205-g005-550.jpg?1647501404'><p>Figure 5</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='5' data-target='article-773037-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01205/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01205-g006-550.jpg?1647501404'><p>Figure 6</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='6' data-target='article-773037-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01205/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01205-g007-550.jpg?1647501404'><p>Figure 7</p></div> --- <div class='openpopupgallery' data-imgindex='7' data-target='article-773037-popup'><span class="helper"></span><img src='https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01205/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01205-g008-550.jpg?1647501404'><p>Figure 8</p></div></script></div></div><div id="article-773037-popup" class="popupgallery" style="display: inline; line-height: 200%"><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01205/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01205-g001-550.jpg?1647501404" title=" <strong>Figure 1</strong><br/> <p>SEM images of CNTs powder: (<b>a</b>) low magnification; (<b>b</b>) high magnification.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/6/1205'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01205/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01205-g002-550.jpg?1647501404" title=" <strong>Figure 2</strong><br/> <p>SEM images of tensile fractured surface for EPDM composites: (<b>a</b>,<b>b</b>) C0; (<b>c</b>,<b>d</b>) C4; (<b>e</b>,<b>f</b>) C10.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/6/1205'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01205/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01205-g003-550.jpg?1647501404" title=" <strong>Figure 3</strong><br/> <p>(<b>a</b>) Change of Shore A hardness, (<b>b</b>) change ratio of elongation at break, (<b>c</b>) change ratio of tensile strength and (<b>d</b>) aging coefficient for EPDM composites at various aging time.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/6/1205'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01205/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01205-g004-550.jpg?1647501404" title=" <strong>Figure 4</strong><br/> <p>Thermo-oxidative aging mechanism for EPDM.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/6/1205'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01205/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01205-g005-550.jpg?1647501404" title=" <strong>Figure 5</strong><br/> <p>Possible thermo-oxidative aging mechanism for EPDM filled with CNTs.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/6/1205'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01205/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01205-g006-550.jpg?1647501404" title=" <strong>Figure 6</strong><br/> <p>SEM images of tensile fractured surface for aged EPDM composites (aging condition: 150 °C × 72 h): (<b>a</b>,<b>b</b>) C0; (<b>c</b>,<b>d</b>) C4; (<b>e</b>,<b>f</b>) C10.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/6/1205'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01205/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01205-g007-550.jpg?1647501404" title=" <strong>Figure 7</strong><br/> <p>Crosslinking densities of EPDM composites at various aging time.</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/6/1205'>Full article</a></strong> "></a><a href="https://pub.mdpi-res.com/polymers/polymers-14-01205/article_deploy/html/images/polymers-14-01205-g008-550.jpg?1647501404" title=" <strong>Figure 8</strong><br/> <p>TGA curves of unaged and aged EPDM composites (aging condition: 150 °C × 168 h).</p> <strong style='display: block; margin-top: 10px; font-size: 18px;'><a style='color: #fff' href='/2073-4360/14/6/1205'>Full article</a></strong> "></a></div> </div> </div> </div> <span data-special-issue-id="115578"></span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div id="footer"> <div class="journal-info"> <span> <em><a class="Var_JournalInfo" href="/journal/polymers">Polymers</a></em>, EISSN 2073-4360, Published by MDPI </span> <div class="large-right"> <span> <a href="/rss/journal/polymers" class="rss-link">RSS</a> </span> <span> <a href="/journal/polymers/toc-alert">Content Alert</a> </span> </div> </div> <div class="row full-width footer-links" data-equalizer="footer" data-equalizer-mq="small"> <div class="large-2 large-push-4 medium-3 small-6 columns" data-equalizer-watch="footer"> <h3> Further Information </h3> <a href="/apc"> Article Processing Charges </a> <a href="/about/payment"> Pay an Invoice </a> <a href="/openaccess"> Open Access Policy </a> <a href="/about/contact"> Contact MDPI </a> <a href="https://careers.mdpi.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener 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Polymers | Topical Collection : Polymers and Polymer Composites: Structure-Property Relationship