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id="toc-Three-act_plays" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Three-act_plays"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Three-act plays</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Three-act_plays-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Five-act_plays" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Five-act_plays"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Five-act plays</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Five-act_plays-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Other media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Act (drama)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1_(%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7)" title="طور (دراما) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طور (دراما)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82" title="Акт – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Акт" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acte_(arts_esc%C3%A8niques)" title="Acte (arts escèniques) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Acte (arts escèniques)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jedn%C3%A1n%C3%AD_(divadlo)" title="Jednání (divadlo) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jednání (divadlo)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akt_(Theater)" title="Akt (Theater) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Akt (Theater)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaatus" title="Vaatus – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vaatus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acto_(artes_esc%C3%A9nicas)" title="Acto (artes escénicas) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Acto (artes escénicas)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akto_(teatro)" title="Akto (teatro) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Akto (teatro)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87_(%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4)" title="پرده (نمایش) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پرده (نمایش)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acte_(th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre)" title="Acte (théâtre) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Acte (théâtre)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acto_(teatro)" title="Acto (teatro) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Acto (teatro)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%A1%D6%80" title="Արար – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արար" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cin_(kazali%C5%A1te)" title="Čin (kazalište) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Čin (kazalište)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babak" title="Babak – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Babak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atto_(teatro)" title="Atto (teatro) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Atto (teatro)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%94_(%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%90%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9F)" title="מערכה (תיאטרון) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מערכה (תיאטרון)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%95_(%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%95)" title="ಅಂಕ (ನಾಟಕ) – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಂಕ (ನಾಟಕ)" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82_(%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80)" title="Акт (театр) – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Акт (театр)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82_(%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82)" title="Акт (адабият) – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Акт (адабият)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actus_(drama)" title="Actus (drama) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Actus (drama)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akte_(toneel)" title="Akte (toneel) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Akte (toneel)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akt_(drama)" title="Akt (drama) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Akt (drama)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6rn" title="Törn – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Törn" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akt_(teatr)" title="Akt (teatr) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Akt (teatr)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ato" title="Ato – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ato" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act_(oper%C4%83_dramatic%C4%83)" title="Act (operă dramatică) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Act (operă dramatică)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82_(%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80)" title="Акт (театр) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Акт (театр)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act_(drama)" title="Act (drama) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Act (drama)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babak_(t%C3%A9ater)" title="Babak (téater) – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Babak (téater)" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akt_(teater)" title="Akt (teater) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Akt (teater)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%96%D1%8F_(%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80)" title="Дія (театр) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Дія (театр)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derip" title="Derip – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Derip" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q421744#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Act_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Act (disambiguation)">Act (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p>An <b>act</b> is a major division of a <a href="/wiki/Theatrical" class="mw-redirect" title="Theatrical">theatre</a> work, including a <a href="/wiki/Play_(theatre)" title="Play (theatre)">play</a>, <a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">film</a>, <a href="/wiki/Opera" title="Opera">opera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ballet" title="Ballet">ballet</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Musical_theatre" title="Musical theatre">musical theatre</a>, consisting of one or more <a href="/wiki/Scene_(drama)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scene (drama)">scenes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Baldick_2004_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baldick_2004-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term can either refer to a <a href="/wiki/Consciousness" title="Consciousness">conscious</a> division placed within a work by a <a href="/wiki/Playwright" title="Playwright">playwright</a> (usually itself made up of multiple scenes)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or a unit of analysis for dividing a <a href="/wiki/Drama" title="Drama">dramatic</a> work into sequences. The word <i>act</i> can also be used for major sections of other <a href="/wiki/Entertainment" title="Entertainment">entertainment</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Variety_show" title="Variety show">variety shows</a>, <a href="/wiki/Television_show" title="Television show">television programs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Music_hall" title="Music hall">music hall</a> performances, <a href="/wiki/Cabaret" title="Cabaret">cabaret</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Literature" title="Literature">literature</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Acts_and_scenes">Acts and scenes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Act_(drama)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Acts and scenes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An act is a part of a play defined by elements such as rising action, <a href="/wiki/Climax_(narrative)" title="Climax (narrative)">climax</a>, and <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/resolution" class="extiw" title="wikt:resolution">resolution</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Scene_(drama)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scene (drama)">scene</a> normally represents actions happening in one place at one time and is marked off from the next scene by a curtain, a blackout, or a brief emptying of the stage.<sup id="cite_ref-Baldick_2004_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baldick_2004-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The elements that create the <a href="/wiki/Plot_(narrative)" title="Plot (narrative)">plot</a> of a play and divide it into acts include the <a href="/wiki/Exposition_(narrative)" title="Exposition (narrative)">exposition</a>, which sets up the rest of the <a href="/wiki/Narrative" title="Narrative">story</a> by giving basic information. Another element is the <a href="/wiki/Inciting_incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Inciting incident">inciting incident</a>, which starts all the action that will follow. Going along with the inciting incident, the <a href="/wiki/Major_dramatic_question" class="mw-redirect" title="Major dramatic question">major dramatic question</a> is formed, which holds the rest of the play. The majority of the play is made up of complications, which change the action. These complications lead to the <a href="/wiki/Crisis" title="Crisis">crisis</a>, which is the <a href="/wiki/Three-act_structure" title="Three-act structure">final plot point</a>. At this point, the major dramatic question is usually answered. Finally, the play culminates with a resolution, or the <a href="/wiki/Dramatic_structure#Dénouement" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatic structure">dénouement</a>, where everything comes together and the situation has been resolved.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These elements of the plot are the main things used to divide a play into acts and sometimes scenes. In some scenarios, the play may not end with a resolved situation; it may leave the audience on a peak and have a <a href="/wiki/Sequel" title="Sequel">sequel</a> to it, otherwise known as a <a href="/wiki/Cliffhanger" title="Cliffhanger">cliffhanger</a>. </p><p>Though there is no limit to the number of acts in a dramatic work, some may have been derived from different interpretations of <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Poetics_(Aristotle)" title="Poetics (Aristotle)">Poetics</a></i>, in which he stresses the primacy of plot over character and "an orderly arrangement of parts",<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and others may have been derived from <a href="/wiki/Dramatic_structure#Freytag's_pyramid" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatic structure">Freytag's Pyramid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Technik_des_Dramas_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Technik_des_Dramas-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Act_(drama)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_ancient_Rome" title="Theatre of ancient Rome">Roman theatre</a> was the first to divide <a href="/wiki/Play_(theatre)" title="Play (theatre)">plays</a> into a number of acts separated by intervals. Acts may be further divided into <a href="/wiki/Scene_(drama)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scene (drama)">scenes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Encyclopedia_International_1963_p._46_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia_International_1963_p._46-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In classical theater, each regrouping between the entrances and exits of <a href="/wiki/Actor" title="Actor">actors</a> is a scene, while later use describes a change of setting.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Modern plays often have only one level of structure, which can be referred to as either scenes or acts at the whim of the writer, and some writers dispense with firm divisions entirely.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Successive scenes are normally separated from each other in either time or place, but the division between acts has more to do with the overall dramatic structure of the piece. The end of an act often coincides with one or more characters making an important decision or having an important decision to make, a decision that has a profound impact on the story being told.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Contemporary theatre, in line with <a href="/wiki/Screenwriting" title="Screenwriting">screenwriting</a> and novel forms, tends towards a <a href="/wiki/Three-act_structure" title="Three-act structure">three-act structure</a>. Many <a href="/wiki/Operettas" class="mw-redirect" title="Operettas">operettas</a> and most <a href="/wiki/Musical_theatre" title="Musical theatre">musicals</a> are divided into just two acts, so, in practice, the <a href="/wiki/Intermission" title="Intermission">intermission</a> is seen as dividing them, and the word <i>act</i> comes to be used for the two-halves of a show whether or not the script divides it into acts. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Varieties">Varieties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Act_(drama)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Varieties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="One-act_plays">One-act plays</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Act_(drama)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: One-act plays"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/One-act_play" title="One-act play">One-act play</a></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/One-act_play" title="One-act play">one-act play</a> is a short drama that consists of only one act; the phrase is not used to describe a full-length play that does not utilize act-divisions. Unlike other plays which usually are published one play per book, one-act plays are often published in <a href="/wiki/Anthology" title="Anthology">anthologies</a> or collections.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Three-act_plays">Three-act plays</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Act_(drama)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Three-act plays"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Three-act_structure" title="Three-act structure">Three-act structure</a></div> <p>In a three-act play, each act usually has a different <a href="/wiki/Mood_(literature)" title="Mood (literature)">mood</a>. In the most commonly used structure, the first act has a lot of introductory elements (that is, who, what, when, where, why, and how); the second act is usually the darkest, with the <a href="/wiki/Antagonist" title="Antagonist">antagonists</a> having a greater compass; and the third act has a resolution (<a href="/wiki/Dramatic_structure#Catastrophe" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatic structure">dénouement</a>), often with the protagonists prevailing. </p> <ul><li>Act one: The conflict of the story is discovered. The <a href="/wiki/Exposition_(literary_technique)" class="mw-redirect" title="Exposition (literary technique)">exposition</a>, the introduction of the <a href="/wiki/Protagonist" title="Protagonist">protagonist</a> and other characters that the protagonist meets, take place,<sup id="cite_ref-Cannell_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cannell-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as the <a href="/wiki/Premise_(film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Premise (film)">dramatic premise</a> and inciting incident (the incident that sets the events of the story in motion) occurs approximately halfway through the first act.</li> <li>Act two: The main character encounters an obstacle that prevents the character from achieving his or her dramatic need. This is known as the complication. The main character reaches his or her lowest point, seems farthest from fulfilling the dramatic need or objective, and seems to have no way to succeed.<sup id="cite_ref-Cannell_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cannell-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Act three: The <a href="/wiki/Climax_(narrative)" title="Climax (narrative)">climax</a> occurs as well as the resolution (dénouement), a brief period of calm at the end of a play where a state of equilibrium returns.<sup id="cite_ref-Cannell_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cannell-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Five-act_plays">Five-act plays</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Act_(drama)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Five-act plays"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor.jpg/170px-William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor.jpg/255px-William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor.jpg/340px-William_Shakespeare_by_John_Taylor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3059" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Shakespeare%27s_plays" title="Shakespeare's plays">Shakespeare's plays</a> generally use a five-act structure.</figcaption></figure> <p>Until the 18th century, most plays were divided into five acts. The work of <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a>, for example, generally adheres to a five-act structure.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This format is known as the <a href="/wiki/Dramatic_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatic structure">five-act play</a>, and was famously analyzed by <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Freytag" title="Gustav Freytag">Gustav Freytag</a> in <i>Die Technik des Dramas</i> (Dramatic techniques). The five acts played specific functions in the overall structure of the play similar to that of <a href="/wiki/Freytag%27s_pyramid" class="mw-redirect" title="Freytag's pyramid">Freytag's pyramid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Act One: <a href="/wiki/Exposition_(narrative)" title="Exposition (narrative)">Exposition</a> and inciting incident</li> <li>Act Two: First major turning point and progressive complications</li> <li>Act Three: <a href="/wiki/Three-act_structure#Structure" title="Three-act structure">Rising action</a> and <a href="/wiki/Climax_(narrative)" title="Climax (narrative)">climax</a></li> <li>Act Four: Falling action</li> <li>Act Five: <a href="/wiki/Resolution_(narrative)" class="mw-redirect" title="Resolution (narrative)">Resolution</a> (For <a href="/wiki/Tragedy" title="Tragedy">tragedies</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Catastrophe_(drama)" title="Catastrophe (drama)">catastrophe</a> is added before it.)</li></ul> <p>A similar five-part structure is also used in traditional Japanese <a href="/wiki/Noh" title="Noh">Noh</a> drama, particularly by <a href="/wiki/Zeami_Motokiyo" title="Zeami Motokiyo">Zeami Motokiyo</a>. Zeami, in his work <i><a href="/wiki/Sand%C5%8D" title="Sandō">Sandō</a></i> (The Three Paths), originally described a five-part (five <i>dan</i>) Noh play as the ideal form. It begins slowly and auspiciously in the first part (<i>jo</i>), building up the drama and tension in the second, third, and fourth parts (<i>ha</i>), with the greatest climax in the third <i>dan</i>, and rapidly concluding with a return to peace and auspiciousness in the fifth <i>dan</i> (<i>kyū</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_media">Other media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Act_(drama)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Other media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As part of a <a href="/wiki/Television_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Television program">television program</a>, each individual act can be separated by <a href="/wiki/Commercials" class="mw-redirect" title="Commercials">commercials</a>. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">film</a>, a number of scenes grouped together create a story. The three-act structure is commonly referred to in <a href="/wiki/Film_adaptation" title="Film adaptation">film adaptations</a> of theatrical plays. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Act_(drama)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/28px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" 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screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Baldick_2004-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Baldick_2004_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Baldick_2004_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBaldick2004">Baldick (2004)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTurco1999">Turco (1999)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWaters2010" class="citation book cs1">Waters, Steve (2010). <i>The Secret Life of Plays</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Nick_Hern_Books" title="Nick Hern Books">Nick Hern Books</a>. p. 32. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84842-000-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84842-000-7"><bdi>978-1-84842-000-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Secret+Life+of+Plays&rft.place=London&rft.pages=32&rft.pub=Nick+Hern+Books&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-84842-000-7&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=Steve&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAct+%28drama%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://literaryterms.net/resolution/">"Resolution"</a>. <i>literaryterms.net</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 17,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=literaryterms.net&rft.atitle=Resolution&rft.date=2016-01-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fliteraryterms.net%2Fresolution%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAct+%28drama%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/poetics.1.1.html">"The Internet Classics Archive | Poetics by Aristotle"</a>. <i>classics.mit.edu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170226025353/http://classics.mit.edu/Aristotle/poetics.1.1.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 26, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 10,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=classics.mit.edu&rft.atitle=The+Internet+Classics+Archive+%7C+Poetics+by+Aristotle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclassics.mit.edu%2FAristotle%2Fpoetics.1.1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAct+%28drama%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Technik_des_Dramas-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Technik_des_Dramas_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreytag1863" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Freytag, Gustav (1863). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090116004731/http://www.matoni.de/technik/tec_inh.htm"><i>Die Technik des Dramas</i></a> (in German). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.matoni.de/technik/tec_inh.htm">the original</a> on January 16, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 20,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+Technik+des+Dramas&rft.date=1863&rft.aulast=Freytag&rft.aufirst=Gustav&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.matoni.de%2Ftechnik%2Ftec_inh.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAct+%28drama%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Encyclopedia_International_1963_p._46-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Encyclopedia_International_1963_p._46_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=U20rAQAAMAAJ"><i>Encyclopedia International</i></a>. Encyclopedia International. Grolier. 1963. p. 46. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230724001511/https://books.google.com/books?id=U20rAQAAMAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on July 24, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 23,</span> 2020</span>. <q>ACT, major portion of a play. It may have one or more components, called scenes. It derives from the Roman theater, which was influenced by the earlier Greek theater's practice of separating sections of the ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+International&rft.series=Encyclopedia+International&rft.pages=46&rft.pub=Grolier&rft.date=1963&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DU20rAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAct+%28drama%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFM.1996" class="citation book cs1">M., Dunn, Francis (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/896946798"><i>Tragedy's end : closure and innovation in Euripidean drama</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-508344-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-508344-X"><bdi>0-19-508344-X</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/896946798">896946798</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211121234134/https://www.worldcat.org/title/tragedys-end-closure-and-innovation-in-euripidean-drama/oclc/896946798">Archived</a> from the original on November 21, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 9,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tragedy%27s+end+%3A+closure+and+innovation+in+Euripidean+drama&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F896946798&rft.isbn=0-19-508344-X&rft.aulast=M.&rft.aufirst=Dunn%2C+Francis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F896946798&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAct+%28drama%29" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cannell-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cannell_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cannell_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cannell_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cannell, S. J. (n.d.). What is the three-act structure? [Lecture transcript].</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSnuggs1960" class="citation book cs1">Snuggs, Henry L. (1960). <i>Shakespeare and Five Acts: studies in a dramatic convention</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Vantage_Press" title="Vantage Press">Vantage Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare+and+Five+Acts%3A+studies+in+a+dramatic+convention&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Vantage+Press&rft.date=1960&rft.aulast=Snuggs&rft.aufirst=Henry+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAct+%28drama%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBunting2022" class="citation web cs1">Bunting, Joe (August 22, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thewritepractice.com/five-act-structure/">"Five Act Structure: Definition, Origin, Examples, and Whether You Should Use It In Your Writing"</a>. <i>The Write Practice</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 24,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Write+Practice&rft.atitle=Five+Act+Structure%3A+Definition%2C+Origin%2C+Examples%2C+and+Whether+You+Should+Use+It+In+Your+Writing&rft.date=2022-08-22&rft.aulast=Bunting&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthewritepractice.com%2Ffive-act-structure%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAct+%28drama%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCallaghan" class="citation web cs1">Callaghan, Fija. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribophile.com/academy/what-is-the-five-act-structure">"The Five-Act Structure: The Foundation of an Engaging Story"</a>. <i>Scribophile</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 24,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scribophile&rft.atitle=The+Five-Act+Structure%3A+The+Foundation+of+an+Engaging+Story&rft.aulast=Callaghan&rft.aufirst=Fija&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scribophile.com%2Facademy%2Fwhat-is-the-five-act-structure&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAct+%28drama%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuinn1993" class="citation journal cs1">Quinn, Shelley Fenno (Spring 1993). "How to write a Noh play – Zeami's <i>Sandō</i>". <i><a href="/wiki/Monumenta_Nipponica" title="Monumenta Nipponica">Monumenta Nipponica</a></i>. <b>48</b> (1): 58–62. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2385466">10.2307/2385466</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2385466">2385466</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Monumenta+Nipponica&rft.atitle=How+to+write+a+Noh+play+%E2%80%93+Zeami%27s+Sand%C5%8D&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=58-62&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2385466&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2385466%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Quinn&rft.aufirst=Shelley+Fenno&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAct+%28drama%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Act_(drama)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaldick2004" class="citation cs2">Baldick, Chris (2004), <i>The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms</i>, Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-860883-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-860883-7"><bdi>978-0-19-860883-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Concise+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Literary+Terms&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-19-860883-7&rft.aulast=Baldick&rft.aufirst=Chris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAct+%28drama%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurco1999" class="citation cs2">Turco, Lewis (1999), <i>The Book of Literary Terms: The Genres of Fiction, Drama, Nonfiction, Literary Criticism, and Scholarship</i>, Hanover: <a href="/wiki/University_Press_of_New_England" title="University Press of New England">University Press of New England</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87451-954-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-87451-954-3"><bdi>0-87451-954-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+Literary+Terms%3A+The+Genres+of+Fiction%2C+Drama%2C+Nonfiction%2C+Literary+Criticism%2C+and+Scholarship&rft.place=Hanover&rft.pub=University+Press+of+New+England&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-87451-954-3&rft.aulast=Turco&rft.aufirst=Lewis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAct+%28drama%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Narrative" title="Template:Narrative"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Narrative" title="Template talk:Narrative"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Narrative" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Narrative"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Narrative" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Narrative" title="Narrative">Narrative</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Character_(arts)" title="Character (arts)">Character</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antagonist" title="Antagonist">Antagonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archenemy" title="Archenemy">Archenemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_arc" title="Character arc">Character arc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_flaw" title="Character flaw">Character flaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Characterization" title="Characterization">Characterization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confidant" title="Confidant">Confidant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deuteragonist" title="Deuteragonist">Deuteragonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_protagonist" title="False protagonist">False protagonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focal_character" title="Focal character">Focal character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foil_(narrative)" title="Foil (narrative)">Foil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_double" title="Gothic double">Gothic double</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hamartia" title="Hamartia">Hamartia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hero" title="Hero">Hero</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antihero" title="Antihero">Anti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byronic_hero" title="Byronic hero">Byronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tragic_hero" title="Tragic hero">Tragic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narration" title="Narration">Narrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protagonist" title="Protagonist">Protagonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stock_character" title="Stock character">Stock character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_man" title="Straight man">Straight man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supporting_character" title="Supporting character">Supporting character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Title_character" title="Title character">Title character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tritagonist" title="Tritagonist">Tritagonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villain" title="Villain">Villain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plot_(narrative)" title="Plot (narrative)">Plot</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ab_ovo" title="Ab ovo">Ab ovo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_(narrative)" title="Action (narrative)">Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backstory" title="Backstory">Backstory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Origin_story" title="Origin story">Origin story</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chekhov%27s_gun" title="Chekhov's gun">Chekhov's gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clich%C3%A9" title="Cliché">Cliché</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliffhanger" title="Cliffhanger">Cliffhanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conflict_(narrative)" title="Conflict (narrative)">Conflict</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deus_ex_machina" title="Deus ex machina">Deus ex machina</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialogue_in_writing" title="Dialogue in writing">Dialogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dramatic_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatic structure">Dramatic structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucatastrophe" title="Eucatastrophe">Eucatastrophe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreshadowing" title="Foreshadowing">Foreshadowing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flashback_(narrative)" title="Flashback (narrative)">Flashback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flashforward" title="Flashforward">Flashforward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frame_story" title="Frame story">Frame story</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_medias_res" title="In medias res">In medias res</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kish%C5%8Dtenketsu" title="Kishōtenketsu">Kishōtenketsu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacGuffin" title="MacGuffin">MacGuffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pace_(narrative)" title="Pace (narrative)">Pace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plot_device" title="Plot device">Plot device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plot_twist" title="Plot twist">Plot twist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetic_justice" title="Poetic justice">Poetic justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_herring" title="Red herring">Red herring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reveal_(narrative)" title="Reveal (narrative)">Reveal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-insertion" title="Self-insertion">Self-insertion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaggy_dog_story" title="Shaggy dog story">Shaggy dog story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stereotype" title="Stereotype">Stereotype</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Story_arc" title="Story arc">Story arc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Story_within_a_story" title="Story within a story">Story within a story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subplot" title="Subplot">Subplot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspense" title="Suspense">Suspense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trope_(literature)" title="Trope (literature)">Trope</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Setting_(narrative)" title="Setting (narrative)">Setting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternate_history" title="Alternate history">Alternate history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backstory" title="Backstory">Backstory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossover_(fiction)" title="Crossover (fiction)">Crossover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dream_world_(plot_device)" title="Dream world (plot device)">Dreamworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dystopia" title="Dystopia">Dystopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_location" title="Fictional location">Fictional location</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Fictional city">city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_country" title="Fictional country">country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_universe" title="Fictional universe">universe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_universes_in_fiction" title="Parallel universes in fiction">parallel</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopia" title="Utopia">Utopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worldbuilding" title="Worldbuilding">Worldbuilding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theme_(narrative)" title="Theme (narrative)">Theme</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irony" title="Irony">Irony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leitmotif" title="Leitmotif">Leitmotif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metaphor" title="Metaphor">Metaphor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral" title="Moral">Moral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_development" title="Moral development">Moral development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motif_(narrative)" title="Motif (narrative)">Motif</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deal_with_the_Devil" title="Deal with the Devil">Deal with the Devil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_and_evil" title="Good and evil">Conflict between good and evil</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-fulfilling_prophecy" title="Self-fulfilling prophecy">Self-fulfilling prophecy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_travel" title="Time travel">Time travel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Writing_style" title="Writing style">Style</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allegory" title="Allegory">Allegory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathos" title="Bathos">Bathos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comic_relief" title="Comic relief">Comic relief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diction" title="Diction">Diction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Figure_of_speech" title="Figure of speech">Figure of speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagery" title="Imagery">Imagery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mode_(literature)" title="Mode (literature)">Mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mood_(literature)" title="Mood (literature)">Mood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narration" title="Narration">Narration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_narrative_techniques" title="List of narrative techniques">Narrative techniques</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_hook" title="Narrative hook">Hook</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Show,_don%27t_tell" title="Show, don't tell">Show, don't tell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stylistic_device" title="Stylistic device">Stylistic device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspension_of_disbelief" title="Suspension of disbelief">Suspension of disbelief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbolism_(arts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbolism (arts)">Symbolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tone_(literature)" title="Tone (literature)">Tone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dramatic_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatic structure">Structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Act</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dramatic_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatic structure">Act structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-act_structure" title="Three-act structure">Three-act structure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freytag%27s_Pyramid" class="mw-redirect" title="Freytag's Pyramid">Freytag's Pyramid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exposition_(narrative)" title="Exposition (narrative)">Exposition</a>/<a href="/wiki/Protasis" title="Protasis">Protasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epitasis" title="Epitasis">Rising action/Epitasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climax_(narrative)" title="Climax (narrative)">Climax</a>/<a href="/wiki/Peripeteia" title="Peripeteia">Peripeteia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catastasis" title="Catastasis">Falling action/Catastasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catastrophe_(drama)" title="Catastrophe (drama)">Denouement/Catastrophe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Narrative structure">Linear narrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonlinear_narrative" title="Nonlinear narrative">Nonlinear narrative</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nonlinear_narrative_films" title="List of nonlinear narrative films">films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nonlinear_narrative_television_series" title="List of nonlinear narrative television series">television series</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premise_(narrative)" title="Premise (narrative)">Premise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Types_of_fiction_with_multiple_endings" title="Types of fiction with multiple endings">Types of fiction with multiple endings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_narrative_forms" title="List of narrative forms">Form</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drama" title="Drama">Drama</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fabliau" title="Fabliau">Fabliau</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_fiction" title="Flash fiction">Flash fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore" title="Folklore">Folklore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fable" title="Fable">Fable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_tale" title="Fairy tale">Fairy tale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legend" title="Legend">Legend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myth" title="Myth">Myth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tall_tale" title="Tall tale">Tall tale</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamebook" title="Gamebook">Gamebook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_art" title="Narrative art">Narrative art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_poetry" title="Narrative poetry">Narrative poetry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">Epic poetry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novel" title="Novel">Novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novella" title="Novella">Novella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parable" title="Parable">Parable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_story" title="Short story">Short story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vignette_(literature)" title="Vignette (literature)">Vignette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Literary_genre" title="Literary genre">Genre</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_writing_genres" title="List of writing genres">List</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiction" title="Fiction">Fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_fiction" title="Action fiction">Action fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_fiction" title="Adventure fiction">Adventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comic_novel" title="Comic novel">Comic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_fiction" title="Crime fiction">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docufiction" title="Docufiction">Docu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistolary_novel" title="Epistolary novel">Epistolary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ergodic_literature" title="Ergodic literature">Ergodic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_literature" title="Erotic literature">Erotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_fiction" title="Historical fiction">Historical</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_fiction" title="Western fiction">Western</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystery_fiction" title="Mystery fiction">Mystery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nautical_fiction" title="Nautical fiction">Nautical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranoid_fiction" title="Paranoid fiction">Paranoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophical_fiction" title="Philosophical fiction">Philosophical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picaresque_novel" title="Picaresque novel">Picaresque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_fiction" title="Political fiction">Political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_culture_fiction" title="Pop culture fiction">Pop culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_fiction" title="Psychological fiction">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inspirational_fiction" title="Inspirational fiction">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogue_literature" title="Rogue literature">Rogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_novel" title="Romance novel">Romance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chivalric_romance" title="Chivalric romance">Chivalric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_(prose_fiction)" title="Romance (prose fiction)">Prose</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saga" title="Saga">Saga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">Satire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speculative_fiction" title="Speculative fiction">Speculative fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy" title="Fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_fiction" title="Gothic fiction">Gothic</a> <ul><li><a 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