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class="mw-page-title-main">Division Street riots</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1966 civil unrest in Chicago</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing: 2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Division Street Riots</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Date</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">June 12–14, 1966</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="display:inline;" class="location"><a href="/wiki/Humboldt_Park,_Chicago" title="Humboldt Park, Chicago">Humboldt Park, Chicago, Illinois</a>, United States</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Resulted in</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Spanish Action Committee of Chicago (SACC),<br /> Latin American Defense Organization</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Parties</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><table style="width:100%; border-spacing:0; margin:0; text-align:left; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%;"><div> Puerto Rican Chicago residents</div></td> <td style="width:50%; padding-left:0.25em; border-left:1px dotted #aaa"><div> Chicago Police</div></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><table style="width:100%; border-spacing:0; margin:0; text-align:left; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%;"><div> <b>Wounded</b>: 16</div></td> <td style="width:50%; padding-left:0.25em; border-left:1px dotted #aaa"><div> </div></td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Division Street riots</b> were episodes of <a href="/wiki/Riot" title="Riot">rioting</a> and <a href="/wiki/Civil_unrest" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil unrest">civil unrest</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> which started on June 12 and continued through June 14, 1966. These riots are remembered as a turning point in Puerto Rican civic involvement in Chicago.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the first riot in the United States attributed to Puerto Ricans.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_and_cause">History and cause</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Division_Street_riots&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History and cause"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Puerto Rican migration to Chicago peaked in the 1950s and 60s, and the Puerto Rican population of Chicago jumped from 255 in 1950 to 32,371 in 1960.<sup id="cite_ref-Cruz_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cruz-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Puerto Ricans in Chicago worked low-paying jobs in the service industries or labored in factories. This was in part because of the recruitment efforts of Castle, Barton and Associates, an employment agency. They offered domestic and foundry work contracts, and paid the airfare for Puerto Ricans coming to Chicago.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another factor behind Puerto Rican migration to Chicago was the unemployment and harsh economic conditions created by <a href="/wiki/Operation_Bootstrap" title="Operation Bootstrap">Operation Bootstrap</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some of the new Puerto Rican arrivals settled in Chicago's north side, specifically in Lincoln Park. But by the late 1960s, <a href="/wiki/Gentrification" title="Gentrification">gentrification</a> took hold in Lincoln Park, and working class Puerto Ricans were displaced by high property taxes and expensive housing.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around the city, some Puerto Ricans faced housing discrimination based on their skin color and ethnicity. Many moved west, settling near <a href="/wiki/Division_Street_(Chicago)" title="Division Street (Chicago)">Division Street</a> in <a href="/wiki/West_Town,_Chicago" title="West Town, Chicago">West Town</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bucktown_(Chicago)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bucktown (Chicago)">Bucktown</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wicker_Park,_Chicago" title="Wicker Park, Chicago">Wicker Park.</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Chicago Catholic Church did not offer the Puerto Rican community their own parish, so devout Puerto Ricans had to try to attend existing parishes. In the 1950s and 60s, some white parishes did not accept Puerto Rican parishioners, so Puerto Ricans were displaced, looking for a place to worship and meet.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Felix M. Padilla, the systematic oppression that Puerto Ricans experienced in Chicago in the 1960s created a psychological climate for riot. Puerto Ricans faced racial discrimination, class-related hardships, and lived on the margins of a city that only valued them for their cheap labor.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Puerto Ricans in Chicago carried deep feelings of resentment towards the police. Puerto Ricans associated the police with poor service of the community and brutal, rude interactions. Despite these tense conditions, police superintendent Orlando W. Wilson reported that the police report on racial tensions he ordered on June 7 showed no signs of unrest in the Puerto Rican community.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Riots">Riots</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Division_Street_riots&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Riots"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1966, Chicago mayor <a href="/wiki/Richard_J._Daley" title="Richard J. Daley">Richard J. Daley</a> declared the first week of June to be "Puerto Rican Week."<sup id="cite_ref-:4_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 12, 1966, Puerto Ricans celebrated the culmination of this week, and their first ethnic parade in downtown Chicago, held on June 11.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the evening, on Division Street in West Town and Humboldt Park, an altercation began between police and revelers near Damen Avenue and Division Street.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Police alleged that Arcelis Cruz, a young Puerto Rican man, was armed and involved in a street fight.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A white police officer,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thomas Munyon, shot Cruz in the leg. A large crowd gathered, and bystanders became involved. Some gathered to try to help Cruz, others to demonstrate against police violence.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More police were called, with canine units. A police officer let a police dog bite a Puerto Rican man on the leg. The crowd of over 4,000 Puerto Ricans attacked the police with rocks, bottles, and cans, and smashed windows on police cars. The crowd overturned some police cars, and set fire to others. More police and canine units were called in, but the rioting continued for three days. </p><p>As the riot began, a local Spanish-language radio personality, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlos_Agrelot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carlos Agrelot (page does not exist)">Carlos Agrelot</a>, was broadcasting live, describing the scene on Division Street. His coverage of the violence and protest attracted more people to the streets, even people from other neighborhoods.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the second day of the riot, community organization leaders and clergymen organized a rally. At this rally, organizers urged the crowd of 3,000 Puerto Ricans to end the violence. The police department also ordered officers to de-escalate the conflict. However, after the rally, rioters threw bricks and rocks at police officers, and the riot continued. Rioters targeted white-owned businesses as they looted and burned property in the neighborhood.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the third night, 500 police officers patrolled the Division Street area, attempting to suppress the uprising. Over the course of the three nights of the riot, 16 people were injured, 49 were arrested, and 50 buildings were critically damaged.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Division_Street_riots&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the riot, community leaders organized several peace rallies at <a href="/wiki/Humboldt_Park_(Chicago_park)" title="Humboldt Park (Chicago park)">Humboldt Park</a>. There were also marches and demonstrations, including a march on June 28, 1966, at which over 200 Puerto Ricans from the Division Street area marched five miles to City Hall to protest the city government's negligence and <a href="/wiki/Police_brutality" title="Police brutality">police brutality</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A month after the riot, the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Commission_on_Human_Relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago Commission on Human Relations">Chicago Commission on Human Relations</a> held open hearings, which provided a forum for <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Puerto Rican American">Puerto Rican</a> and other Spanish-speaking residents of Chicago to discuss problems facing these communities. They discussed the <a href="/wiki/Forced_migration" class="mw-redirect" title="Forced migration">displacement</a> and <a href="/wiki/Discrimination" title="Discrimination">discrimination</a> in housing, discriminatory practices by the police and <a href="/wiki/Fire_station" title="Fire station">fire departments</a>, and poor educational opportunities. The hearings lasted for two days. During the hearings, Puerto Ricans cited a lack of jobs, poor housing and education, little political power, union discrimination, inadequate city services, and police brutality.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of these meetings, the Puerto Rican community proposed specific policy recommendations.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With support from <a href="/wiki/Community_Action_Agencies" title="Community Action Agencies">Community Action Agencies</a> in the Division Street Area, the riots inspired the creation of Puerto Rican <a href="/wiki/Community_organization" title="Community organization">community organizations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These include the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spanish_Action_Committee_of_Chicago&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spanish Action Committee of Chicago (page does not exist)">Spanish Action Committee of Chicago</a> (SACC), the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Latin_American_Defense_Organization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Latin American Defense Organization (page does not exist)">Latin American Defense Organization</a> (LADO), the Bickerdike Revedelopment Corporation, the ASPIRA Association and the <a href="/wiki/Young_Lords" title="Young Lords">Young Lords</a> (in 1968); cultural centers such as the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruiz_Belvis_Cultural_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruiz Belvis Cultural Center (page does not exist)">Ruiz Belvis Cultural Center</a> and the Juan Antonio Corretjer Puerto Rican Cultural Center; and a school, the Escuela Superior Puertorriqueña (which is now named Dr. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pedro_Albiz%C3%BA_Campos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pedro Albizú Campos (page does not exist)">Pedro Albizú Campos</a> Puerto Rican High School). Developing from the riots, these organizations' members were younger and more militant than earlier organizations such as the Caballeros de San Juan, Damas de María and the Puerto Rican Congress. They worked to get community concerns such as <a href="/wiki/Education" title="Education">education</a>, <a href="/wiki/House" title="House">housing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Health" title="Health">health</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Employment" title="Employment">employment</a> addressed by the city and to assert a Puerto Rican presence in city politics.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Division_Street_riots&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1">"Neighborhood fight ; Activists push to keep Puerto Rican pride alive in Humboldt Park". <i>Chicago Tribune</i>. June 12, 2006 – via Proquest.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Neighborhood+fight+%3B+Activists+push+to+keep+Puerto+Rican+pride+alive+in+Humboldt+Park&rft.date=2006-06-12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADivision+Street+riots" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlivo2006" class="citation news cs1">Olivo, Antonio (June 12, 2006). "Edgy about 'yuppies' ; Activists work to preserve a Puerto Rican enclave in Humboldt Park as new residents move in". <i>Chicago Tribune</i> – via Proquest.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Edgy+about+%27yuppies%27+%3B+Activists+work+to+preserve+a+Puerto+Rican+enclave+in+Humboldt+Park+as+new+residents+move+in&rft.date=2006-06-12&rft.aulast=Olivo&rft.aufirst=Antonio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADivision+Street+riots" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170519040728/http://chicagoist.com/2006/06/14/humboldt_park_riots_remembered.php">"Humboldt Park Riots Remembered"</a>. <i>Chicagoist</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chicagoist.com/2006/06/14/humboldt_park_riots_remembered.php">the original</a> on 2017-05-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-04-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicagoist&rft.atitle=Humboldt+Park+Riots+Remembered&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchicagoist.com%2F2006%2F06%2F14%2Fhumboldt_park_riots_remembered.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADivision+Street+riots" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cruz-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cruz_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCruz2004" class="citation book cs1">Cruz, Wilfredo (2004). <i>Puerto Rican Chicago</i>. 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Arcadia Publishing. p. 9.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Puerto+Rican+Chicago&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=Arcadia+Publishing&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Cruz&rft.aufirst=Wilfredo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADivision+Street+riots" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cruz, Wilfredo (2004). <i>Puerto Rican Chicago</i>. Arcadia Publishing. p. 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cruz, Wilfredo (2004). <i>Puerto Rican Chicago</i>. Arcadia Publishing. p. 51.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Padilla, Felix M. (1987). <i>Puerto Rican Chicago.</i> University of Notre Dame Press. p. 150-153.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Padilla, Felix M. (1987). <i>Puerto Rican Chicago.</i> University of Notre Dame Press. p. 147-149.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Fernandez, Lilia. <i>Brown in the Windy City.</i> University of Chicago Press, 2012. p. 163-65.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodríguez-Muñiz" class="citation journal cs1">Rodríguez-Muñiz, Michael. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/30181090">"Riot and Remembrance: Puerto Rican Chicago and the Politics of Interruption"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Riot+and+Remembrance%3A+Puerto+Rican+Chicago+and+the+Politics+of+Interruption&rft.aulast=Rodr%C3%ADguez-Mu%C3%B1iz&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F30181090&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADivision+Street+riots" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classroom.synonym.com/happened-humboldt-park-riot-1966-22450.html">"What Happened in the Humboldt Park Riot in 1966? | Synonym"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-03-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org&rft.atitle=Puerto+Ricans&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org%2Fpages%2F1027.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADivision+Street+riots" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Padilla, Felix M. (1987). <i>Puerto Rican Chicago.</i> University of Notre Dame Press. p. 157.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Illinois_riots" title="Template:Illinois riots"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Illinois_riots" title="Template talk:Illinois riots"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Illinois_riots" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Illinois riots"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Riots_and_civil_unrest_in_Illinois" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Riots and civil unrest in <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Race_riot" class="mw-redirect" title="Race riot">Race riots</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pana_Massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Pana Massacre">Pana riot of 1899</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danville_race_riot" title="Danville race riot">Danville race riot of 1903</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield_race_riot_of_1908" title="Springfield race riot of 1908">Springfield race riot of 1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_St._Louis_riots" class="mw-redirect" title="East St. Louis riots">East St. Louis riots of 1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_race_riot_of_1919" title="Chicago race riot of 1919">Chicago race riot of 1919</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airport_Homes_race_riots" title="Airport Homes race riots">Airport Homes race riots of 1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernwood_Park_race_riot_of_1947" class="mw-redirect" title="Fernwood Park race riot of 1947">Fernwood Park race riot of 1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Englewood_race_riots_of_1949" class="mw-redirect" title="Englewood race riots of 1949">Englewood race riots of 1949</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicero_race_riot_of_1951" title="Cicero race riot of 1951">Cicero race riot of 1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trumbull_Park_Homes#Race_riots" title="Trumbull Park Homes">Trumbull Park race riots of 1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dixmoor_race_riot" title="Dixmoor race riot">Dixmoor race riot of 1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_unrest_in_Cairo,_Illinois" title="Racial unrest in Cairo, Illinois">Cairo racial unrest</a>, 1967-1973</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquette_Park_rallies" title="Marquette Park rallies">Marquette park racial unrest</a>, 1960s-1980s</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other riots<br />and unrest</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banditti_of_the_Prairie" title="Banditti of the Prairie">Banditti of the Prairie</a>, 1830s–1840s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lager_Beer_Riot" title="Lager Beer Riot">Lager Beer Riot</a>, 1855</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston_riot" title="Charleston riot">Charleston riot</a>, 1864</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haymarket_affair" title="Haymarket affair">Haymarket affair</a>, 1886</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pullman_Strike" title="Pullman Strike">Pullman Strike</a>, 1894</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Virden" title="Battle of Virden">Battle of Virden</a>, 1898</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1905_Chicago_Teamsters%27_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="1905 Chicago Teamsters' strike">1905 Chicago Teamsters' strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldermen%27s_wars" title="Aldermen's wars">Aldermen's wars</a>, 1916–1921</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Day_massacre_of_1937" class="mw-redirect" title="Memorial Day massacre of 1937">Memorial Day massacre of 1937</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Division Street riots</a>, 1966</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Chicago_West_Side_Riots" class="mw-redirect" title="1966 Chicago West Side Riots">1966 Chicago West Side Riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Chicago_riots" title="1968 Chicago riots">1968 Chicago riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Democratic_National_Convention_protests" title="1968 Democratic National Convention protests">1968 Democratic National Convention protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Days_of_Rage" title="Days of Rage">Days of Rage</a> Weatherman riot, 1969</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humboldt_Park_riot" title="Humboldt Park riot">Humboldt Park riot</a>, 1977</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Bulls_Championship_riots" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago Bulls Championship riots">Chicago Bulls riots</a>, 1990s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Donald_Trump_Chicago_rally_protest" title="2016 Donald Trump Chicago rally protest">2016 Donald Trump Chicago rally protest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Floyd_protests_in_Chicago" title="George Floyd protests in Chicago">George Floyd protests in Chicago</a>, 2020</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Division_Street_riots&oldid=1246809788">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Division_Street_riots&oldid=1246809788</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a 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