CINXE.COM

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href="https://assets.scholasticahq.com/assets/favicon-575713edd1dc0dd5811bbc1b7893cf299318af3d22bc8e863eae37a7d61f7ebb.ico" /> <style id="configured-article-styles"> .abstract .tk-markdown h3 { float: left; border-bottom: none !important; margin: 0 5px 0 0 !important; padding: 0 !important; font-size: 15px !important; font-family: 'Raleway' !important; font-weight: bold; line-height: 1.6 !important; } .abstract .tk-markdown h3::after { content: ":"; } </style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://assets.scholasticahq.com/dist/journal-website/styles.39e00957841c1f9a.css"> <meta itemprop="name" content="Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research" /> <meta name="description" content="The Journal of HEOR is an open access journal covering all fields and methodologies related to health economics and outcomes research." /> <meta itemprop="description" content="The Journal of HEOR is an open access journal covering all fields and methodologies related to health economics and outcomes 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<script src="/dist/journal-website/runtime.cf12a5a8bfba626f.js" type="module"></script> <script src="/dist/journal-website/polyfills.5ab77736377a452c.js" type="module"></script> <script src="/dist/journal-website/scripts.4f514798a93e1819.js" defer=""></script> <script src="/dist/journal-website/main.d139e9f875e9fc3d.js" type="module"></script> </body> <script> window.JOURNAL = {"id":1694,"name":"Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research","description":"# **Aims and Scope**\n\nThe _Journal of HEOR_ is an international high-quality journal covering all fields and methodologies related to health economics and outcomes research. Manuscripts with topics ranging from theory and methodology to international studies and analyses with a health economic or outcomes research focus in a wide variety of therapeutic areas will be considered for publication.\n\n_JHEOR’s_ mission is to combine the highest academic standards through peer review with a speedy publication process that corresponds to the productivity of the industry. _JHEOR_ aims to contribute to the development of methodological standards in the field with rapid publication, validated by rigorous peer review.\n\nTheoretical models and empirical studies from any therapeutic area are accepted. In particular, articles related to comparative effectiveness research, health technology assessments, economic evaluations, meta-analysis, literature research, patient-reported outcomes, preference-based assessments, and health policy analyses are welcome. Reflecting the multidisciplinary nature of the field, _JHEOR_ fosters communication among a diverse set of communities, including social and behavioral sciences, economists, statisticians, epidemiologists, health care providers, and policy makers.\n\n# **Journal Information**\n\n**Publication Model:** Open access\n**Frequency:** Continuous\n**Launch date:** 2013\n**Peer Review Model:** Double-blind review; reviewer and author identities are concealed from each other throughout the review process.\n**Indexed in:** PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), Web of Science _Emerging Sources Citation Index_, DOAJ, Google Scholar\n**Digital Archive:** Portico\n**Unique article identifiers:** DOIs (Digital Object Identifiers) registered through Crossref.\n**Licensing:** All _JHEOR_ articles are published under the [Creative Commons](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Attribution (CC BY).\n**Publishing formats:** HTML, PDF, and XML standards. Full text of published articles, including citations, is made available in the machine-readable community standard format JATS (XML).\n**Author information:** When available, published articles will be linked to an author’s ORCID ID.\n**Online ISSN:** 2327-2236\n**Publisher:** [Columbia Data Analytics, LLC](https://columbiadataanalytics.com/)\n\n# **Journal Statistics**\n\nNumber of submissions received in 2024: 70\nAcceptance rate: 69%\nAverage time between submission and decision: 45 days\nAverage time between submission \u0026 publication: 75 days\n\n**What is _JHEOR’s_ impact factor?**\n\n_JHEOR_ is indexed by PubMed, PubMed Central, DOAJ, and the Web of Science _Emerging Sources Citation Index_. We average about 300 downloads monthly. Our authors and readers represent professionals from industry, academia, and other research institutions.\n\n_JHEOR_ has a SCImago Journal H-index of 10 for 2018-2023 and a Scopus CiteScore of 3.0 for 2023. \n\nTo further disseminate and raise awareness, we regularly share the Journal’s published papers on social media. We also encourage you--our authors and readers--to do so, to ensure your colleagues and students are aware of your work and our growing body of literature.\n\n# **Publication Fee**\n\n**What do the publication fees pay for?**\nThe publication fee pays for:\n- Immediate, worldwide open access to the full-article text\n- Developing and maintaining an effective peer review and publication process\n- Preparation in various formats for online publication\n\n**How much does _JHEOR_ charge?**\nThe publication fee for _JHEOR_ is US$3,950.00 for manuscripts submitted on or after August 1, 2024, and US$3,450 for manuscripts submitted prior to August 1, 2024. Expedited review within 7-10 days is available at a publication fee of $7,000.00. We are glad to announce that we continue to charge a fixed publication fee, in contrast to other competitive journals that charge per page and/or per figure. Our current fees reflect increased operation costs associated with greater demand for our _nonprofit_ journal following its inclusion in the PubMed index. We will continue to provide timely review to our authors and expeditious publication times among all PubMed-indexed journals.\n\n**Does _JHEOR_ offer discounts on article-processing charges?**\nWaivers for the publication fee are available at the editors' discretion. Authors wishing to apply for these waivers should contact the editors at info@jheor.org. In support of [point 1.2 of the Plan S guidelines](https://www.coalition-s.org/addendum-to-the-coalition-s-guidance-on-the-implementation-of-plan-s/principles-and-implementation/), authors from [low-income economies](https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups) are eligible for waivers of the full publication fee, and authors from [lower-middle-income economies](https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank-country-and-lending-groups) are eligible for partial waivers. Authors should exhaust all alternative funding sources before applying for a waiver. Waiver requests should include authors' institutional affiliations, countries of residence, and information on the authors' attempts at acquiring alternative funding through sources like the authors’ institutions, institutional libraries, government agencies and research funders.","short_description":"The Journal of HEOR is an open access journal covering all fields and methodologies related to health economics and outcomes research.","editorial_board":"# Editor-in-Chief\n![Dr. Onur Baser](https://columbiadataanalytics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Onur-Baser-Editor-in-Chief-of-JHEOR_width200_square.jpg)\n**Onur Baser, MS, PhD**\nProfessor of Health Economics\nGraduate School of Public Health\nCity University of New York\nNew York, NY\nOnur.Baser@sph.cuny.edu\n\n**Specialties:** Econometrics, Health Economics, Outcomes Research\n\n**Area of Practice:** Health Care Economics\n\nOnur Baser was named Editor-in-Chief of _Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research_ in March 2019. Most recently, Dr. Baser was Associate Professor of Surgery in Columbia University, New York, NY. He is an adjunct professor of Internal Medicine at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; research scientist at John D. Dingel VA Medical Center and advisory board member at the City University of New York. He also serves a litigation expert on statistical issues related with health care.\n\nDr. Baser created several proprietary algorithms that improve care system for patients while minimizing the cost for payers. He is a frequent speaker at international conferences and teaches a course on Modeling Health Cost and Utilization using Real World Data. He has over 500 worldwide presentations and publications and contributed on several book chapters. His book on estimation of health care costs was published in 2010. His paper on propensity score matching was selected as one of the Top 10 most read _Value in Health_ articles and his co-authored work on quality measurement appeared in _JAMA_ and was cited in several radio shows and newspapers.\n\n# Managing Editors\n\n**Amy Endrizal**\naendrizal@jheor.org\n\n# Editorial Team\n\n**Ayse Akincigil, PhD**\nRutgers University \nNew Brunswick, New Jersey, USA\n\n**Rafael Alfonso, MD, MSc**\nUniversity of Washington \nSeattle, Washington, USA\n\n**Rajesh Balkrishnan, PhD**\nUniversity of Michigan\nAnn Arbor, Michigan, USA\n\n**Patricia Coelho de Soarez, MPH, PhD**\nUniversidade de São Paulo\nSão Paulo, Brazil\n\n**Mitchell DeKoven, MHSA**\nIQVIA\nFairfax, Virginia, USA\n\n**Xue Han, MPH**\nUniversity of Southern California\nLos Angeles, California, USA\n\n**Pinar Karaca-Mandic, PhD**\nUniversity of Minnesota\nMinneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota, USA\n\n **Eui-Kyung Lee, PhD**\nSungkyunkwan University\nSeoul, South Korea \n\n **Vivian WY Lee, BSc, PharmD, BCPS**\nThe Chinese University of Hong Kong\nHong Kong\n\n**Mariya Leleka, PhD**\nState Expert Center of Ministry of Health of Ukraine\nKyiv, Ukraine\n\n**Shu Chuen Li, PhD, MBA, MSc**\nUniversity of Newcastle\nNewcastle, New South Wales, Australia\n\n**Xinyue Liu, MS**\nUniversity of California, Los Angeles, USA\n\n**Nan Luo, PhD**\nNational University of Singapore\n\n**Zhehui Luo, PhD, MS**\nMichigan State University\nEast Lansing, Michigan, USA\n\n**Peter Mallow, PhD**\nXavier University\nCincinnati, Ohio, USA\n\n**Jeff McCombs, PhD**\nUniversity of Southern California\nLos Angeles, California, USA\n\n**Patti Peeples, PhD**\nHealthEconomics.Com\nPonte Vedra Beach, Florida, USA\n\n**Elda Pema, PhD**\nNaval Postgraduate School\nMonterey, California, USA\n\n**Facundo Sepulveda, PhD**\nUniversidad de Santiago de Chile\nSantiago, Chile\n\n**Nilay Shah, PhD**\nMayo Clinic\nRochester, Minnesota, USA\n\n**Francis Staskon, PhD**\nWalgreen Co.\nDeerfield, Illinois, USA\n\n**Zhuo Tony Su, M.D.**\nThe James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine\nBaltimore, Maryland, USA\n\n**Navneet Upadhyay, PhD**\nMerck\nNew York, New York, USA\n\n**Hua Wang, PhD**\nCornell University\nIthaca, New York, USA\n\n**Huseyin Yuce, MS, PhD**\nCity University of New York\nNew York, New York, USA","submission_guidelines":"\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ch1 style=\"background-color:#E8E8E8; padding: 18px\"\u003ePREPARING YOUR MANUSCRIPT\u003c/h1\u003e\u003c/center\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\n\n\u003ch1 style=\"color:#a21c3b;\"\u003eArticle Type\u003c/h1\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 style=\"border-left: 4px solid #a21c3b; padding: 15px\"\u003eResearch Article\u003c/h2\u003e\n\nResearch articles present new research with reportable findings in the field of health economics and outcomes research that may be of interest to a wide audience. Manuscripts should not exceed 5000 words (excluding abstract, tables, figures, and references) and should have no more than six figures and/or tables. Manuscripts of under 2500 words may be considered for Brief Reports (see below).\n\n\u003ch2 style=\"border-left: 4px solid #a21c3b; padding: 15px\"\u003eMethodology\u003c/h2\u003e\n\nMethodology articles describe a new or updated experimental or computational method, test, or procedure that is descriptive enough to be replicated by other researchers.\n\n\u003ch2 style=\"border-left: 4px solid #a21c3b; padding: 15px\"\u003eBrief Report\u003c/h2\u003e\n\nBrief reports are appropriate for presenting data from original research that the editors believe will be of interest to many researchers. These reports may extend previously published research, in which case authors must clearly acknowledge any published and unpublished work upon which they are building. Brief reports are limited to 2500 words and three figures and/or tables.\n\n\u003ch2 style=\"border-left: 4px solid #a21c3b; padding: 15px\"\u003eCommentary\u003c/h2\u003e\n\nCommentaries are invited by a journal editor and are generally not peer-reviewed. They should provide insight or context around: A recent article(s) in the _Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research_; or an issue relevant to the journal’s mission. Commentaries should be no more than 1000 words and 10 references. Typically, Commentaries do not contain figures or tables.\n\n\u003ch2 style=\"border-left: 4px solid #a21c3b; padding: 15px\"\u003ePerspectives\u003c/h2\u003e\n\nPerspectives are invited by a journal editor. This type of manuscript should explore the existing knowledge on a topic related to _JHEOR’s_ mission in an original and/or thought-provoking way, and/or present substantial ideas for moving this field forward. Perspectives should contain no more than 3000 words and two figures or tables.\n\n\u003ch2 style=\"border-left: 4px solid #a21c3b; padding: 15px\"\u003eLetter to the Editor\u003c/h2\u003e\n\nLetters are responses to articles published in _JHEOR_ within the last six months. If the author of the published article chooses to comment, then the letter and the response will be published in the same issue of the journal. Letters should contain no more than 1500 words and one figure or table.\n\n\u003ch1 style=\"color:#a21c3b;\"\u003eSubmission Requirements\u003c/h1\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 style=\"border-left: 4px solid #a21c3b; padding: 15px\"\u003eManuscript Format\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n_JHEOR_ accepts submissions in the English language prepared in conformity with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.amamanualofstyle.com/\"\u003eAMA Manual of Style\u003c/a\u003e, 11th edition, and the ICMJE \u003ca href=\"http://icmje.org/recommendations/\"\u003eRecommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals\u003c/a\u003e.\n\n| Manuscript Submission Templates | Download Link |\n| ----------- | ----------- |\n| Cover Letter | [Download Template](https://columbiadataanalytics.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Cover-Letter-Template.docx) |\n| Manuscript | [Download Template](https://columbiadataanalytics.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Manuscript-Template.docx) |\n| Title Page | [Download Template](https://columbiadataanalytics.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Title-Page-Template.docx) |\n\nSubmissions are not edited for style and language prior to review, but reviewers may recommend rejection if a manuscript is compromised by grammatical errors. Authors are advised to write clearly and simply, and have their article reviewed by colleagues prior to submission. Non-native English speakers may elect to use outside copy-editing services.\n\nSubmissions must be submitted by an author prepared to take responsibility for the entire review and publication process.\n\n _JHEOR_ uses a double-blind review, so do not include the list of authors in the body of the manuscript. The author list is already required in the title page, which is not accessible to reviewers during review.\n\nThe text of the manuscript should be double-spaced and 12-point standard font. The file types acceptable for submission are .pdf, .doc/docx, .xls/xlsx, .tex, and .zip.\n\n\u003ch2 style=\"border-left: 4px solid #a21c3b; padding: 15px\"\u003eCover Letter\u003c/h2\u003e\n\nAuthors should submit a cover letter to support the submission request. The letter must outline each of the author’s contributions, declare any potential conflicts of interest, and indicate if the submission is part of a special issue. _JHEOR_ encourages authors to submit two to three potential reviewers for the manuscript within their cover letter.\n\nA conflict of interest exists when the interpretation of data or the presentation of information may be influenced by the author’s personal or financial relationship with other people or organizations. Authors must disclose any financial and non-financial conflicts that may cause harm or embarrassment were they to become public after publication.\n\nAuthors will be required to complete and sign a \u003ca href=\"http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/author-responsibilities--conflicts-of-interest.html\"\u003edisclosure of potential conflicts of interest\u003c/a\u003e. All declared conflicts of interest will be listed at the end of published articles. Where an author gives no conflicts of interest, the listing will read 'The author(s) declare that they have no conflicts of interest.\"\n\nTo give appropriate credit to each author, individual contributions to the manuscript should be specified in the cover letter accompanying the submitted manuscript. _JHEOR_ complies with the recognized ethical standards for publications and authorship, including Section II “Ethical Considerations in the Conduct and Reporting of Research” of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals, established by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/author-responsibilities--conflicts-of-interest.html\"\u003eInternational Committee of Medical Journal Editors\u003c/a\u003e.\n\nAn ‘author’ is someone who made substantive intellectual contributions to a published study:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\t\u003cli\u003eSubstantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work.\u003c/li\u003e\n\t\u003cli\u003eDrafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content.\u003c/li\u003e\n\t\u003cli\u003eFinal approval of the version to be published.\u003c/li\u003e\n\t\u003cli\u003eAgreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\nEach author should have participated sufficiently in the work to take public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content. Acquisition of funding, collection of data, or general supervision of the research group does not justify authorship.\n\nThe cover letter should list each author’s contributions using the following format with the author’s initials: A.B. carried out the molecular genetic studies, participated in the sequence alignment and drafted the manuscript; C.D. carried out the immunoassays; E.F. participated in the sequence alignment; G.H. participated in the design of the study and performed the statistical analysis; and I.J. conceived of the study, participated in its design, coordination and helped draft the manuscript. All authors must read and approve the final manuscript.\n\nManuscript contributors who do not meet the criteria for authorship should be listed in the acknowledgement section. Contributors to acknowledge include those who provided technical help, writing or editing assistance, or a department chair who provided general support.\n\nIn addition, please acknowledge anyone who contributed to the manuscript’s conception, design, acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data, or who was involved in drafting the manuscript or revising it critically for important intellectual content but who does not meet the criteria for authorship. Please also include the source(s) of funding for each author and for the manuscript preparation.\n\nAuthors must describe the role of any funding body in the design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in the writing of the manuscript and in the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Please also acknowledge anyone who contributed materials essential for the study. \n\nLanguage editors who made significant revisions should also be acknowledged. Authors should also obtain permissions to acknowledge the participants mentioned in the acknowledgments section.\n\nFinally, you may suggest a list of two to three experts in the field who would provide an objective review of the manuscript. You should not include potential reviewers who have published with any of the authors of the manuscript within the past 5 years or are members of the same research institution. Suggested reviewers will be considered alongside potential reviewers recommended by the _JHEOR_ editorial team.\n\n\u003ch2 style=\"border-left: 4px solid #a21c3b; padding: 15px\"\u003eTitle Page\u003c/h2\u003e\n\nThe required title page must:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\t\u003cli\u003einclude the title of the manuscript;\u003c/li\u003e\n\t\u003cli\u003elist the full names, institutional affiliations, and email addresses for all authors;\u003c/li\u003e\n\t\u003cli\u003eindicate the corresponding author and complete contact information;\u003c/li\u003e\n\t\u003cli\u003eprovide 5-7 key words representing the main content of the manuscript;\u003c/li\u003e\n\t\u003cli\u003einclude the manuscript word count (not including title, abstract, acknowledgment, references, tables, and figure legends).\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\n\u003eExamples of Appropriate Titles:\nThe manuscript title should be specific, descriptive, concise, and comprehensible to readers outside the field. It should include or hint at the research question. Titles should not declare the results of the study. The title should be capitalized, except for articles, prepositions, and conjunctions. Special abbreviations are not recommended.\n\nExamples of appropriate titles from the _JHEOR_ website:\n\u003cul\u003e\n\t\u003cli\u003eThe Effects of Catheter Ablation Therapy on Medication Use and Expenditures in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation\u003c/li\u003e\n\t\u003cli\u003eCost-Effectiveness Analysis of Rivaroxaban versus Acenocoumarol in the Prevention of Stroke in Patients with Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation in Spain\u003c/li\u003e\n\t\u003cli\u003eThe Impact of Medicaid Preferred Drug Lists on Utilization and Costs of Antipsychotic Medication\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ul\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 style=\"border-left: 4px solid #a21c3b; padding: 15px\"\u003eMain Manuscript Text\u003c/h2\u003e\n\n\u003cb\u003eAbstract:\u003c/b\u003e The abstract of the manuscript should not exceed 350 words. Please minimize the use of abbreviations and do not cite references in the abstract.\n\nAbstracts should include the following sections: background, objectives (brief outline of the goals of the study), methods, results, discussion, and conclusions.\n\n\u003cb\u003eBackground:\u003c/b\u003e The background section should be written in a manner accessible to researchers without specialized knowledge in the covered area and clearly identify the background to the research and its aims. The section should end with a brief statement of what is being reported in the manuscript.\n\n\u003cb\u003eMethods:\u003c/b\u003e The methods section should include the design of the study, the type of materials involved, a clear description of all comparisons, and the type of analysis used.\n\n\u003cb\u003eResults:\u003c/b\u003e The results section should describe the outcome of the study. Data should be presented as concisely as possible and use tables or figures to clearly present data.\n\n\u003cb\u003eDiscussion:\u003c/b\u003e The discussion section should be an interpretation of the results and their significance with reference to existing studies and articles.\n\n\u003cb\u003eConclusions:\u003c/b\u003e The main conclusion(s) of the research should be clearly stated and provide an explanation of the importance and relevance. Summary illustrations may be included, but should not provide additional information not already provided in the main manuscript.\n\n\u003cb\u003eAbbreviations:\u003c/b\u003e Abbreviations should be defined in the text at first use, spelling out the word(s) followed by the abbreviation between brackets. Once defined, the abbreviation may be used throughout the text.\n\n\u003cb\u003eReferences:\u003c/b\u003e All references, including URLs, must be numbered consecutively in superscript, in the order in which they are cited in the text, and listed under the reference section. Each reference must have an individual reference number. If automatic numbering systems are used, the reference numbers must be finalized and the bibliography must be fully formatted before submission.\n\nOnly articles, datasets, and abstracts that have been published or are in press, or are available through public e-print/preprint servers, may be cited. Any in-press articles cited within the references and necessary for the reviewers’ assessment of the manuscript should be made available if requested by the editorial office.\n\nUnpublished abstracts, unpublished data, and personal communications should not be included in the reference list, but may be included in the text and referred to as “unpublished observations” or “personal communications” giving the names of the involved researchers. Obtaining permission to quote personal communications and unpublished data from the cited colleagues is the responsibility of the author.\n\nFootnotes are not allowed, but endnotes are permitted. Abbreviations follow Index Medicus/MEDLINE. \n\nCitations in the reference list should include all named authors, up to the first 6 before adding “et al.”\n\n\u003cb\u003eAuthor Biography:\u003c/b\u003e Authors have the option to include a biography with their paper, with information such as MS/PhD degree, past and present positions, research interests, awards, etc. The author biography can be included at the end of the manuscript, in a section heading “Author Biography.”\n\n\u003ch2 style=\"border-left: 4px solid #a21c3b; padding: 15px\"\u003eFigures and Illustrations\u003c/h2\u003e\n\nReview-quality illustrations and figures can be embedded in the manuscript or added separately. Figures must be numbered in the order they are mentioned and uploaded in this order. A single composite file should be submitted for figures consisting of multiple parts.\n\nAcceptable formats for figures and illustrations are .ai, .bmp, .docx, .emf, .eps, .jpg, .pdf, .ppt, .psd, .tif, .xls, and .zip. However, the Scholastica system accepts only .docx, .jpg, .pdf, .tif, .xls, and .zip extensions. If your format is not allowable through Scholastica, please provide figures and illustrations to _JHEOR_ directly.\n\nPlease note for manuscripts accepted for publication, authors will be required to upload figures and/or illustrations for the main article as separate files. Additional instructions can be found at this link: \u003ca href=\"https://columbiadataanalytics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Figure-and-Illustration-Formatting-Guidelines-for-Publication.pdf\" title=\"Go to Figure and Illustration Formatting Guidelines for Publication\"\u003eFigure and Illustration Formatting Guidelines for Publication\u003c/a\u003e.\n\n\u003cb\u003eFigure Legends:\u003c/b\u003e Figure titles and legends should be included at the end of the manuscript file and not in the figure file. For each figure, the following information should be provided: The figure number in sequence, using Arabic numerals, i.e., Figure 1, 2, 3; the short title of the figure (maximum 15 words); and a detailed legend with no more than 300 words.\n\nIt is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permissions to use previously published figures and tables.\n\n\u003ch2 style=\"border-left: 4px solid #a21c3b; padding: 15px\"\u003eTables\u003c/h2\u003e\n\nEach table should be numbered and cited in sequence using Arabic numerals, i.e., Table 1, 2, 3. Tables should have a summarizing title at the top, and legends may be descriptive but concise. Tables should always be cited in the manuscript text in consecutive numerical order.\n\nLarge datasets or tables too wide for a portrait page can be uploaded separately as additional files. Tabular data provided as additional files can be uploaded as an Excel spreadsheet (.xlsx/xls).\n\nSmaller tables considered integral to the manuscript can be placed at the end of the manuscript file. These will be typeset and displayed in the final published form if the manuscript is accepted. These tables should be formatted using the ‘Table object’ in a word processing program so the columns of data are aligned when the file is sent electronically for review. This will not always be the case if columns are generated by simply using tabs to separate text.\n\nColumns and rows of data should be made visibly distinct by ensuring that the borders of each cell are displayed with black lines. Color and shading may be used and table sections may be highlighted to identify headers and subheaders.\n\nIt is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permissions to use previously published figures and tables.\n\n\u003ch1 style=\"color:#a21c3b;\"\u003eData Sharing\u003c/h1\u003e\n\n_JHEOR_ encourages authors to make the data generated by research openly and publicly available upon the publication of their manuscript, wherever legally and ethically possible. We encourage authors to submit as much data as possible, but require authors submit at least the minimum data required to reproduce the results presented in the article.\n\nData should not be shared in any way that could compromise participant anonymity or privacy, and data should not be shared if that would require the authors to break any laws or licensing agreements.\n\n\u003ch1 style=\"color:#a21c3b;\"\u003eSupplemental Materials\u003c/h1\u003e\n\nAuthors may submit supplemental materials to accompany their manuscript. These supplemental materials may include: datasets, tables or figures that are too wide to fit in the main manuscript; coding; questionnaires; videos; audio files; or other information.\n\nSupplemental material should be important to the understanding and interpretation of the manuscript but should not repeat material. The amount of supplemental material should be limited, justified, original, and not previously published.\n\nThe supplemental material will undergo editorial and peer review with the manuscript.\n\n\u003ch1 style=\"color:#a21c3b;\"\u003eGraphical Abstracts and Supplemental Summaries\u003ch1\u003e\n \n A graphical abstract is a concise visual summary of a research article designed to attract reader interest and convey the paper’s key message. It uses simple visuals, such as symbols, icons, or pictograms, to illustrate the study’s main findings or conceptual framework. \n \n_JHEOR_ accepts graphical abstracts for publication as an online supplemental file and/or a social media post. Supplemental graphical abstracts may be submitted as DOC, JPEG, PDF, and PDF files. As with other figure files, resolution should be at least 300 dpi.\n \nRecommended image dimensions for social media (LinkedIn) posts are as follows:\n \n•\t**Size:** 1200 X 1200 px\n•\t**Aspect ratio:** 1:1 (square)\n•\t**Maximum file size:** 5MB\n•\t**File types:** PNG, JPEG\n \nIn addition to these technical requirements, authors should consider the following design elements:\n \n•\t**Clarity and simplicity:** Use uncluttered visuals that communicate the message quickly.\n•\t**Minimal text:** Limit words to essential labels or short phrases. Images should be as self-explanatory as possible.\n•\t**Design consistency:** Choose a consistent color scheme, style, and font\n•\t**Readability:** Ensure that the elements are legible, even when scaled down\n•\t**Accessibility:** Use high-contrast colors and easily understood graphics.\n \nFor additional guidance and tips, see: \n \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10833524/pdf/pcbi.1011789.pdf\"\u003eJambor HK, Bornhauser M (2024). Ten simple rules for designing graphical abstracts. _PLoS Comput Biol._ 20(2): e1011789.\u003c/a\u003e\n\n---\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ch1 style=\"background-color:#E8E8E8; padding: 18px\"\u003eEDITORIAL AND PEER REVIEW PROCESS\u003c/h1\u003e\u003c/center\u003e\n\n\nOnce a submission is cleared by journal staff, the manuscript enters a double-blind peer review process. The editors will consider author-suggested reviewers, but they may assign the manuscript to other experts also.\n\nTwo or more reviewers will evaluate the manuscript in a timely manner and submit their recommendations. Once the reviews are submitted, the Editor-in-Chief considers the reviewer feedback and issues a decision. \n\nThe authors may be asked to revise the manuscript and resubmit in a timely fashion for re-review. In this case, authors should provide a detailed point-by-point response to the decision letter.\n\nAuthors will be notified of all editorial decisions by email, but they can also check the status of their paper by accessing their author accounts on the Scholastica journals website.\n\nTo read more about the journals Editorial and Peer Review Process, see the \u003ca href=\"https://jheor.org/pages/157-for-reviewers\" title=\"Go to For Reviewers page\"\u003eFor Reviewers\u003c/a\u003e page.\n\n---\n\u003ccenter\u003e\u003ch1 style=\"background-color:#E8E8E8; padding: 18px\"\u003eREVISIONS AND ACCEPTANCE\u003c/h1\u003e\u003c/center\u003e\n\n\u003ch1 style=\"color:#a21c3b;\"\u003eRevised Submissions\u003c/h1\u003e\n\n\u003ch2 style=\"border-left: 4px solid #a21c3b; padding: 15px\"\u003eResponse to the Decision Letter After Peer Review\u003c/h2\u003e\n\nIt is possible that once an author’s manuscript has come back from the peer review process, revisions will be needed. Authors will then have the opportunity to improve their manuscript through the expert insights of the reviewers and the editor.\n\n\u003ch2 style=\"border-left: 4px solid #a21c3b; padding: 15px\"\u003eManuscript Text\u003c/h2\u003e\n\nThe revised manuscript should be submitted through Scholastica and should be accompanied by a summary of responses to the reviewers' comments. Authors are asked to provide a copy of the manuscript with all changes highlighted, as well as a clean copy that will be used for publication.\n\n\u003ch1 style=\"color:#a21c3b;\"\u003eFigure File Requirements for Publication\u003c/h1\u003e\n\nIllustrations and figures must be uploaded as separate files. Each file should include a single illustration and should fit on a single page in portrait format. For figures consisting of multiple parts, a single composite file should be submitted containing all the parts of the figure.\n\nSee the \u003ca href=\"https://columbiadataanalytics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Figure-and-Illustration-Formatting-Guidelines-for-Publication.pdf\" title=\"Go to Figure and Illustration Formatting Guidelines for Publication\"\u003eFigure and Illustration Formatting Guidelines for Publication\u003c/a\u003e for additional guidance and file formats for specific types of figures.\n\n\u003ch1 style=\"color:#a21c3b;\"\u003eProofs\u003c/h1\u003e\n\nAfter the manuscript is accepted, a set of PDF page proofs will be available. The proof should be used to check for omissions or any typesetting and editing errors. Significant changes by the authors at this stage will require permission from the editor. The proof must be returned with needed corrections within 48 hours. Subsequent corrections after this period cannot be guaranteed. Please note that _JHEOR_ may proceed with publication if no response is received after the 48-hour period.\n\n\u003ch1 style=\"color:#a21c3b;\"\u003eArticle Processing Charges\u003c/h1\u003e\n\nThere is no fee to submit an article to _JHEOR_. The submission process is completely free.\n\nManuscripts are subject to a publication fee of $3,950. This fee covers immediate, worldwide open access to the full article text as well as the day-to-day process of developing and maintaining an effective peer review system and publication process. Expedited review within 7-10 days is available at a publication fee of $7,000.00. Accepted manuscripts will not be published until the payment is received.\n\n\u003ch1 style=\"color:#a21c3b;\"\u003ePublication Fee Waivers\u003c/h1\u003e\n\nWaivers for the publication fee are available at the editors’ discretion. Authors wishing to apply for these waivers should contact the editors at info@jheor.org. In support of point 1.2 of the Plan S guidelines, authors from low income economies are eligible for waivers of the full publication fee, and authors from lower middle-income economies are eligible for partial waivers. Authors should exhaust all alternative funding sources before applying for a waiver. Waiver requests should include authors’ institutional affiliations, countries of residence, and information on the authors’ attempts at acquiring alternative funding through sources like the authors’ institutions, institutional libraries, government agencies and research funders.\n\n\u003ch1 style=\"color:#a21c3b;\"\u003eStriking Image\u003c/h1\u003e\n\nWe encourage authors to provide a striking image(s) that can be used to highlight the manuscript if it is published. Image(s) should be in color and should not include labels or text, in landscape format, and be at least 1800 x 900 pixels in size: .png, .tiff. or .jpeg formats are preferred. It is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the copyright holder to reproduce image(s). 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Ethics](https://publicationethics.org/). \n\n_JHEOR_ adheres to the highest standards concerning its editorial policies on publication ethics, scientific misconduct, consent and peer review criteria. Please see below for our policies on Peer Review, Confidentiality, Conflicts of Interest, Data Sharing, Plagiarism, and Human Rights.\n\n## **Peer Review**\n\nAll authors and reviewers should read our Peer Review Policy before submitting an article or a review. Any article published on _JHEOR_ will have been reviewed through a double-blind peer review process. This means that both the identities of the author and the reviewer will be concealed from each other until the manuscript is cleared for publication. We use a double-blind review process in order to prevent the reviewer and author from forming any biases on either side. Furthermore, a double-blind review process maintains focus on the manuscript itself.\n\nOnce a manuscript is submitted to _JHEOR_, the editorial board will send the manuscript out for review. _JHEOR_ will consider reviewers suggested by the author(s) of the manuscript for review but reserves the right to assign the manuscript to be reviewed by whomever they see fit. The manuscript will then be reviewed by two or more experts who will be asked to evaluate whether the manuscript is scientifically sound and coherent, whether or not it duplicates other published work, and whether or not the manuscript is sufficiently cleared for publication. Reviewers are also expected to provide their recommendation for whether or not the content of the manuscript is relevant to _JHEOR_ as a whole as well as make an evaluation on the manuscript’s originality, quality, and contribution to evidence about important questions. \n\nAs stated in our _Submission Guidelines_, we require that the author(s) of the manuscript declare any conflicts of interest (which could be personal, financial, intellectual, professional, political, or religious in nature) so that editors can assess these and factor them into their decisions. Reviewers are equally as expected to refer to the _JHEOR_ editorial board with any conflicts of interest prior to accepting to review a manuscript. Additionally, reviewers should not accept to review a manuscript simply to read it without intending to write a review.\n\nAll reviewers are expected to provide fair, honest, and unbiased feedback to the author(s) of the manuscript within the agreed upon timeframe. Reviewers are expected to be as specific as possible, to provide supporting evidence, and to be as professional and appropriate as possible. Reviews should be civil and constructive, and editors reserve the right to edit or remove any comments felt to be inappropriate.\n\n**Note:** The Editor-in-Chief makes the final publication decision after considering reviewer feedback. The Editor-in-Chief may recommend the authors revise and resubmit the paper based on reviewer feedback.\n\n## **Preprints**\n\nA preprint is a version of a research manuscript prior to formal peer review at a journal, that has been deposited on a public server. Preprints allow authors to make their findings available to their professional community and can allow feedback on draft versions prior to submission to a journal for formal publication. Preprints are not considered prior publication for purposes of consideration by _JHEOR_.\n\nAuthors should disclose details of preprint posting, including DOI and licensing terms, upon submission of the manuscript. When the preprint is published, the author is responsible for ensuring that the preprint record is updated with a publication reference, inclding the DOI and URL link to the published version of the article on the _JHEOR_ website.\n\n## **Confidentiality**\n\nThe manuscripts that authors submit to _JHEOR_ are the author’s confidential property. All manuscripts submitted to _JHEOR_ are privileged communications that are authors’ private, confidential property, and authors may be harmed by the disclosure of any or all of a manuscript’s details prior to publication.\n\n_JHEOR_ prohibits editors from sharing information about manuscripts, including their content and status within the review process, criticism by reviewers, and any other pertinent details about the manuscript with anyone other than the other editors, authors, and reviewers. _JHEOR_ will do its best to maintain the confidentiality of manuscripts, including requests from third parties to use manuscripts and reviews for legal proceedings. \n\nAdditionally, reviewers are also prohibited from sharing confidential information with anyone who is not an author of the manuscript or part of the editorial board. Reviewers are expected to keep manuscripts and the information they contain strictly confidential during the review process. Reviewers and editorial staff members must not publicly discuss the author’s work, and reviewers must not appropriate authors’ ideas before the manuscript is published. _JHEOR_ expects reviewers not to retain copies of the manuscript for their personal use and to delete or destroy copies of the manuscript after submitting their reviews. \n\nBecause _JHEOR_ uses a double-blind review process, the identities of the authors and the reviewers will at no point be revealed to the other party throughout the review process.\n\n_JHEOR_ reserves the right to breach confidentiality only in the serious case that dishonesty, plagiarism, or fraud is alleged. _JHEOR_ will notify authors and reviewers if they intend to do so. In any other case, confidentiality must be honored by the editorial board of the publication as well as any and all associated parties.\n\n## **Conflicts of Interest**\n\nAccording to the ICMJE [uniform declaration of competing interests](https://www.icmje.org/disclosure-of-interest), authors should disclose four types of potential conflicts of interest:\n\n* Associations with commercial entities that provided support for the work reported in the submitted manuscript\n* Associations with commercial entities that could be viewed as having an interest in the general area of the submitted manuscript\n* Any similar financial associations involving their spouse or their children under 18 years of age\n* Non-financial associations that may be relevant to the submitted manuscript\n\n_JHEOR_ believes that in order to make the best decisions for the publication and the manuscript, the journal editor should know about any competing interests that authors may have. Competing interests will be published along with the paper. While a competing interest is not inherently unethical, it should be acknowledged and openly stated. Authors must complete and sign a [declaration of competing interests](http://www.icmje.org/downloads/coi_disclosure.pdf) upon the submission of their manuscript. They are also encouraged to list any and all competing interests in the cover letter accompanying their submission.\n\n## **Data-Sharing** \n\n_JHEOR_ encourages authors to make the data generated by research openly and publicly available upon the publication of their manuscript, wherever legally and ethically possible. We encourage authors to submit as much data as possible, but at least the minimum data required to reproduce the results presented in the article. \n\nData should not be shared in any way that could compromise participant anonymity or privacy, and data should not be shared if that would require the authors to break any laws or licensing agreements.\n\n## **Plagiarism** \n\n_JHEOR_ takes issues of copyright infringement, plagiarism, or other breaches of best practice in publication very seriously. Plagiarism is the unauthorized use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and representing them as one’s own original work. Self-plagiarism is the reuse of significant, identical or near-identical portions of one’s own work without citing the original. Unacknowledged use of AI-generated text is also considered plagiarism (see **AI and Computer-Generated Content** below).\n\n_JHEOR_ screens each manuscript upon submission using plagiarism detection software such as [iThenticate](http://www.ithenticate.com/) and [Similarity Check](https://www.crossref.org/services/similarity-check/), which is offered through CrossRef and is powered by iThenticate. If a manuscript is accepted for publication, it is screened a second time to ensure there are no instances of plagiarism. \n\nWhere an article is found to have plagiarized other work or included third-party copyright material without permission or with insufficient acknowledgment, or where the authorship of the article is contested, _JHEOR_ reserves the right to take action including, but not limited to: publishing an erratum or corrigendum (correction); retracting the article; taking up the matter with the head of the department or dean of the author’s institution and/or relevant academic bodies or societies; or taking appropriate legal action. _JHEOR’s_ Editorial Board will blacklist any author found to be guilty of plagiarism. The name of the author(s) committing plagiarism will also be disseminated to editors of other medical journals.\n\nAdditionally, _JHEOR_ seeks to protect the rights of our authors and will investigate claims of plagiarism or misuse of published articles.\n\n## **Human Rights** \n\nOur policy is to ensure that all articles published by _JHEOR_ are ethically acceptable. _JHEOR_ expects authors to follow the World Medical Association’s [Helsinki Declaration](https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/) as revised in 2013. All authors are expected to have received approval to conduct research from an independent, local, regional, or national review body (e.g. ethics committee or institutional review board). Papers describing investigations on human subjects must include a statement that the study was approved by the institutional review board, in accordance with all applicable regulations, and that informed consent was obtained after the nature and possible consequences of the study were explained.\n\nPatients have a right to privacy that should not be violated without informed consent. Identifying information, such as names, initials, or hospital numbers, should not be included in any article published by _JHEOR_. Additionally, nonessential details should be omitted. Informed consent should be obtained if there is any doubt about the anonymity of the subjects. \n\n## **AI and Computer-Generated Content**\n\nText, figures, images, or graphics generated from AI, machine learning, or other algorithmic programs cannot be used in original works submitted to _JHEOR_. Further, the journal prohibits AI coauthorship. AI-generated text is deemed reproduced material and must be cited as such, including:\n\n* the prompt\n* the AI tool and the version used\n* the company that developed the tool\n* the date the content was generated\n* the general URL for the tool\n\nThis policy is consistent with our license agreement, which requires that papers be the original work of the authors, who assume full accountability for the integrity of the work. \n\n## **Advertising**\n\n_JHEOR_ does not permit commercial advertising.\n\n#**Permanency of Content**\nAll articles published in _JHEOR_ receive a DOI and are permanently published. This applies regardless of the outcome of the peer review that follows after publication.\n\nAll content is permanently archived in Portico. All versions of all articles that have passed peer review will be archived in PubMed, Scopus and elsewhere.\n\nAuthors can revise, change and update their articles by publishing new versions, which are added to the article’s history; however, the individual versions, once published, cannot be altered or withdrawn and are permanently available on the _JHEOR_ website. _JHEOR_ participates in the CrossMark scheme, a multi-publisher initiative that has developed a standard way for readers to locate the current version of an article. By applying the CrossMark policies, _JHEOR_ is committed to maintaining the content it publishes and to alerting readers to changes if and when they occur.\n\nClicking on the CrossMark logo (at the top of each _JHEOR_ article) will give you the current status of an article and direct you to the latest published version; it may also give you additional information such as new peer review reports.\n\nIn order to maintain the integrity and completeness of the scholarly record, the following policies will be applied when published content needs to be corrected; these policies take into account current best practice in the scholarly publishing and library communities:\n\n##**Retraction**\n\nArticles may be retracted for several reasons, including:\n\n* honest errors reported by the authors (for example, errors due to the mixing up of samples or use of a scientific tool or equipment that is found subsequently to be faulty)\n* research misconduct (data fabrication)\n* duplicate or overlapping publication\n* fraudulent use of data\n* clear plagiarism\n* unethical research\n\nFor any retracted article, the reason for retraction and who is instigating the retraction will be clearly stated in the Retraction notice. The retraction notice will be linked to the retracted article (which usually remains on the site) and the article will be clearly marked as retracted (including the PDF).\n\nAn article is usually only retracted at the authors’ request or by the publisher in response to an institutional investigation. It is important to note in the context of _JHEOR_’s publication model, that ‐ as in traditional journals ‐ a retracted article is not ‘unpublished’ or ‘withdrawn’ in order for it to be published elsewhere. The reasons for retraction are usually so serious that the whole study, or large parts of it, are not appropriate for inclusion in the scientific literature anywhere.\n\nThe content of a retracted article would only be removed where legal limitations have been placed upon the publisher, copyright holder or author(s), for example, if the article is clearly defamatory or infringes others’ legal rights, or if the article is the subject of a court order. In such cases, the bibliographic information for the article will be retained on the site along with information regarding the circumstances that led to the removal of the content.\n\nUnder rare circumstances, for example, if false or inaccurate data have been published that, if acted upon, pose a serious health risk, the original incorrect version(s) may be removed and a corrected version published. The reason for this partial removal would be clearly stated on the latest version.\n","banner_style":"color","banner_color":"#a21c3b","banner":{"id":152,"name":"https://assets.scholasticahq.com/assets/websites/custom_page_banner-36911cbcf707a1ddb979fdfb91f3ba4811eace65a3ffe772124b0b1c2ab53c50.jpg","size":null,"content_type":null,"url":"https://assets.scholasticahq.com/assets/websites/custom_page_banner-36911cbcf707a1ddb979fdfb91f3ba4811eace65a3ffe772124b0b1c2ab53c50.jpg","thumb":"https://assets.scholasticahq.com/assets/websites/custom_page_banner-36911cbcf707a1ddb979fdfb91f3ba4811eace65a3ffe772124b0b1c2ab53c50.jpg","small":"https://assets.scholasticahq.com/assets/websites/custom_page_banner-36911cbcf707a1ddb979fdfb91f3ba4811eace65a3ffe772124b0b1c2ab53c50.jpg","medium":"https://assets.scholasticahq.com/assets/websites/custom_page_banner-36911cbcf707a1ddb979fdfb91f3ba4811eace65a3ffe772124b0b1c2ab53c50.jpg","large":"https://assets.scholasticahq.com/assets/websites/custom_page_banner-36911cbcf707a1ddb979fdfb91f3ba4811eace65a3ffe772124b0b1c2ab53c50.jpg"},"journal_id":1694,"image_metadatum":{"id":20661,"cover_metadata":null,"imageable_id":152,"imageable_type":"CustomPage","created_at":"2020-10-27T02:21:42.440Z","updated_at":"2020-10-27T02:21:42.440Z"}},{"id":157,"slug":"157-for-reviewers","page_title":"For Peer Reviewers","nav_item_title":"For Reviewers","body":"The _Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research_ is an online international journal covering all therapeutic areas and methodologies related to health economics and outcomes research. The journal employs a double-blind process for review so that neither the authors nor the reviewers are identified during the review phase.\n\n# Prospective reviewers\n\nProspective reviewers are asked to review the _JHEOR_ [policies](https://jheor.org/pages/152-journal-policies) and complete our [Reviewer Application form](https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSd17g7kgrjB-klZ4EOVndRGjpBg5KsZRVcSCI9CDHe54n0snQ/viewform) or contact info@jheor.org via email with subject line “Reviewer Initiative of Interest.” Please provide all requested information, paying particular attention to other keyword areas besides health economics and/or outcomes research, such as oncology, hematology, retrospective studies, pharmacoepidemiology, etc.\n\n# Reviewer Responsibilities\n\nReviewers should consider their availability when asked to review, and respond to invitations within 48 hours, even when they are unable to review. Reviewers are also welcome to refer us to other experts in the field for review, if appropriate.\n\nReviewers should alert the editorial office if they may have a conflict, such as a relationship or funding arrangement that may bias a review of a manuscript. They may also recuse themselves altogether. \n\n_JHEOR_ reviewers are asked to provide fair, honest, and unbiased feedback on manuscripts within a timeframe of 14 days. They are asked to evaluate if the paper is relevant to _JHEOR_ and scientifically sound, and if it may duplicate other published work. Reviewers are also asked to be as specific as possible, and to provide supporting evidence. The editor reserves the right to edit or remove any inappropriate comments.\n\nManuscripts submitted to _JHEOR_ are the author’s confidential property. Reviewers are prohibited from sharing or using any materials or information from a review for personal interest or gain. Reviewers are welcome to have assistance from a colleague, but that individuals’ contributions must be identified in the submitted review comments to the editor. These individuals must also maintain the confidentiality of the manuscript as outlined above. \n\nReviewers are expected to delete or destroy reviewed manuscript materials after submitting their reviews. (See the journals complete confidentiality policy [here](https://jheor.org/pages/152-journal-policies))\n\n# Peer Review Process Overview\n\nOnce a submission is cleared by journal staff, the editor will invite two or more reviewers.\n\nThe reviewers are asked to follow the instructions above and submit their reviews within 14 days.\n\nOnce the reviews are submitted, the editor considers the reviewer feedback and issues a decision. The authors may be asked to revise the manuscript and resubmit in a timely fashion for re-review by the editor or the entire review team.\n\nReviewers can check the status of their reviewed papers by accessing their accounts on the [Scholastica journals](https://app.scholasticahq.com/login) website.","banner_style":"color","banner_color":"#a21c3b","banner":{"id":157,"name":"https://assets.scholasticahq.com/assets/websites/custom_page_banner-36911cbcf707a1ddb979fdfb91f3ba4811eace65a3ffe772124b0b1c2ab53c50.jpg","size":null,"content_type":null,"url":"https://assets.scholasticahq.com/assets/websites/custom_page_banner-36911cbcf707a1ddb979fdfb91f3ba4811eace65a3ffe772124b0b1c2ab53c50.jpg","thumb":"https://assets.scholasticahq.com/assets/websites/custom_page_banner-36911cbcf707a1ddb979fdfb91f3ba4811eace65a3ffe772124b0b1c2ab53c50.jpg","small":"https://assets.scholasticahq.com/assets/websites/custom_page_banner-36911cbcf707a1ddb979fdfb91f3ba4811eace65a3ffe772124b0b1c2ab53c50.jpg","medium":"https://assets.scholasticahq.com/assets/websites/custom_page_banner-36911cbcf707a1ddb979fdfb91f3ba4811eace65a3ffe772124b0b1c2ab53c50.jpg","large":"https://assets.scholasticahq.com/assets/websites/custom_page_banner-36911cbcf707a1ddb979fdfb91f3ba4811eace65a3ffe772124b0b1c2ab53c50.jpg","color1":"rgba(0,0,0,.07)","color2":"rgba(0,0,0,1)"},"journal_id":1694,"image_metadatum":{"id":44632,"cover_metadata":{"color1":"rgba(0,0,0,.07)","color2":"rgba(0,0,0,1)"},"imageable_id":157,"imageable_type":"CustomPage","created_at":"2022-08-19T20:01:43.261Z","updated_at":"2022-08-19T20:01:43.261Z"}}]} </script> </html>