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It is known as the Song of the Bow, and it is recorded in The Book of Jashar.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/2_samuel/1.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />and he said it should be taught to the people of Judah; behold, it is written in the Book of Jashar. He said:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/2_samuel/1.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />and he ordered that the sons of Judah be taught the Song of the Bow. It is written in the Book of Jashar:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/2_samuel/1.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />(Also he bade them teach the children of Judah <i>the use of</i> the bow: behold, <i>it is</i> written in the book of Jasher.)<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/2_samuel/1.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />and he told <i>them</i> to teach the children of Judah <i>the Song of</i> the Bow; indeed <i>it is</i> written in the Book of Jasher:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/2_samuel/1.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />and he told <i>them</i> to teach the sons of Judah <i>the mourning song of</i> the bow; behold, it is written in the Book of Jashar.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/2_samuel/1.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />and he told them to teach the sons of Judah the song of the bow; behold, it is written in the book of Jashar.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/2_samuel/1.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />and he told <i>them</i> to teach the sons of Judah <i>the song of</i> the bow; behold, it is written in the book of Jashar.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/2_samuel/1.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />and he told <i>them</i> to teach the sons of Judah <i>the song of</i> the bow; behold, it is written in the book of Jashar.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/2_samuel/1.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />and he told <i>them</i> to teach the sons of Judah, <i>the song of</i> the bow. Behold, it is written in the Book of Jashar:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/2_samuel/1.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />and he ordered that the Judahites be taught The Song of the Bow. It is written in the Book of Jashar:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/2_samuel/1.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />and he ordered that the Judahites be taught The Song of the Bow. It is written in the Book of Jashar: <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/2_samuel/1.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />(and he bade them teach the children of Judah the song of the bow: behold, it is written in the book of Jashar):<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/2_samuel/1.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />and he ordered his men to teach the song to everyone in Judah. He called it "The Song of the Bow," and it can be found in The Book of Jashar. This is the song: <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/2_samuel/1.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And he bade them teach the children of Judah the song of the bow: behold, it is written in the book of Jashar.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/2_samuel/1.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />He said, "Teach this [kesheth] to the people of Judah." (It is recorded in the Book of Jashar.) <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/2_samuel/1.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />and ordered it to be taught to the people of Judah. (It is recorded in The Book of Jashar.) <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/2_samuel/1.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />and he gave orders to teach the descendants of Judah the art of warfare, as is recorded in the Book of Jashar: <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/2_samuel/1.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />and he ordered that the sons of Judah be taught the Song of the Bow. It is written in the Book of Jashar:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/2_samuel/1.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />(He gave instructions that the people of Judah should be taught "The Bow." Indeed, it is written down in the Book of Yashar.) <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/2_samuel/1.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />and said it should be taught to the people of Judah. Look, it is written in the book of Jashar.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/2_samuel/1.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />(Also he bade them teach the children of Judah the use of the bow: behold, it is written in the book of Jasher.)<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/2_samuel/1.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />(and he commanded them to teach the children of Judah the song of the bow; behold, it is written in the book of Jashar): <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/2_samuel/1.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />and he says to teach the sons of Judah “The Bow”; behold, it is written on the Scroll of the Upright:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/2_samuel/1.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> and he saith to teach the sons of Judah 'The Bow;' lo, it is written on the book of the Upright: -- <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/2_samuel/1.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />(And he will say to teach the sons of Judah the bow: it was written upon the book of Jasher.)<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/2_samuel/1.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />(Also he commanded that they should teach the children of Juda the use of the bow, as it is written in the book of the just.) And he said: Consider, O Israel, for them that are dead, wounded on thy high places. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/2_samuel/1.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />(And he instructed that they should teach the sons of Judah the bow, just as it is written in the Book of the Just.) And he said: “Consider, O Israel, on behalf of those who are dead, wounded upon your heights:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/2_samuel/1.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />(he commanded that it be taught to the Judahites; it is recorded in the Book of Jashar): <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/2_samuel/1.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />(He ordered that The Song of the Bow be taught to the people of Judah; it is written in the Book of Jashar.) He said:<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/2_samuel/1.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />(Also he commanded them to teach the children of Judah the use of the bow; behold, it is written in the book of Asher):<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/2_samuel/1.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And he said to teach the children of Yehuda the bow. Behold it is written in the book of Ashir:<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/2_samuel/1.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />and said--To teach the sons of Judah the bow. Behold, it is written in the book of Jashar:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/2_samuel/1.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And he gave orders to teach it the sons of Juda: behold, it is written in the book of Right.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/2_samuel/1-18.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/_0ajZHUzMKw?start=158" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/2_samuel/1.htm">David's Song for Saul and Jonathan</a></span><br><span class="reftext">17</span>Then David took up this lament for Saul and his son Jonathan, <span class="reftext">18</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/559.htm" title="559: way·yō·mer (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To utter, say. A primitive root; to say.">and he ordered</a> <a href="/hebrew/1121.htm" title="1121: bə·nê- (N-mpc) -- Son. From banah; a son, in the widest sense (like 'ab, 'ach, etc.).">that the sons</a> <a href="/hebrew/3063.htm" title="3063: yə·hū·ḏāh (N-proper-ms) -- From yadah; celebrated; Jehudah, the name of five Israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory.">of Judah</a> <a href="/hebrew/3925.htm" title="3925: lə·lam·mêḏ (Prep-l:: V-Piel-Inf) -- A primitive root; properly, to goad, i.e. to teach:(un-) accustomed, X diligently, expert, instruct, learn, skilful, teach(-er,ing).">be taught</a> <a href="/hebrew/7198.htm" title="7198: qā·šeṯ (N-fs) -- A bow. From qashah in the original sense of bending: a bow, for shooting or the iris.">the Song of the Bow.</a> <a href="/hebrew/2009.htm" title="2009: hin·nêh (Interjection) -- Lo! behold! Prolongation for hen; lo!"></a> <a href="/hebrew/3789.htm" title="3789: ḵə·ṯū·ḇāh (V-Qal-QalPassPrtcpl-fs) -- To write. A primitive root; to grave, by implication, to write.">It is written</a> <a href="/hebrew/5921.htm" title="5921: ‘al- (Prep) -- Properly, the same as al used as a preposition; above, over, upon, or against in a great variety of applications.">in</a> <a href="/hebrew/5612.htm" title="5612: sê·p̄er (N-ms) -- A missive, document, writing, book. Or ciphrah; from caphar; properly, writing; by implication, a book.">the Book</a> <a href="/hebrew/3477.htm" title="3477: hay·yā·šār (Art:: Adj-ms) -- Straight, right. From yashar; straight.">of Jashar:</a> </span><span class="reftext">19</span>“Your glory, O Israel, lies slain on your heights. How the mighty have fallen!…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/joshua/10-13.htm">Joshua 10:13</a></span><br />So the sun stood still and the moon stopped until the nation took vengeance upon its enemies. Is this not written in the Book of Jashar? “So the sun stopped in the middle of the sky and delayed going down about a full day.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_kings/8-53.htm">1 Kings 8:53</a></span><br />For You, O Lord GOD, have set them apart from all the peoples of the earth as Your inheritance, as You spoke through Your servant Moses when You brought our fathers out of Egypt.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_chronicles/12-32.htm">1 Chronicles 12:32</a></span><br />From Issachar, men who understood the times and knew what Israel should do: 200 chiefs with all their kinsmen at their command.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_chronicles/16-12.htm">1 Chronicles 16:12</a></span><br />Remember the wonders He has done, His marvels, and the judgments He has pronounced,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_chronicles/29-29.htm">1 Chronicles 29:29</a></span><br />Now the acts of King David, from first to last, are indeed written in the Chronicles of Samuel the Seer, the Chronicles of Nathan the Prophet, and the Chronicles of Gad the Seer,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/20-34.htm">2 Chronicles 20:34</a></span><br />As for the rest of the acts of Jehoshaphat, from beginning to end, they are indeed written in the Chronicles of Jehu son of Hanani, which are recorded in the Book of the Kings of Israel.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/30-8.htm">Isaiah 30:8</a></span><br />Go now, write it on a tablet in their presence and inscribe it on a scroll; it will be for the days to come, a witness forever and ever.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/34-16.htm">Isaiah 34:16</a></span><br />Search and read the scroll of the LORD: Not one of these will go missing, not one will lack her mate, because He has ordered it by His mouth, and He will gather them by His Spirit.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/36-2.htm">Jeremiah 36:2</a></span><br />“Take a scroll and write on it all the words I have spoken to you concerning Israel, Judah, and all the nations, from the day I first spoke to you during the reign of Josiah until today.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/hosea/6-5.htm">Hosea 6:5</a></span><br />Therefore I have hewn them by the prophets; I have slain them by the words of My mouth, and My judgments go forth like lightning.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/habakkuk/2-2.htm">Habakkuk 2:2</a></span><br />Then the LORD answered me: “Write down this vision and clearly inscribe it on tablets, so that a herald may run with it.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/21-42.htm">Matthew 21:42</a></span><br />Jesus said to them, “Have you never read in the Scriptures: ‘The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone. This is from the Lord, and it is marvelous in our eyes’?<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/mark/12-10.htm">Mark 12:10</a></span><br />Have you never read this Scripture: ‘The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/4-17.htm">Luke 4:17</a></span><br />the scroll of the prophet Isaiah was handed to Him. Unrolling it, He found the place where it was written:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/24-44.htm">Luke 24:44</a></span><br />Jesus said to them, “These are the words I spoke to you while I was still with you: Everything must be fulfilled that is written about Me in the Law of Moses, the Prophets, and the Psalms.”</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">(Also he bade them teach the children of Judah the use of the bow: behold, it is written in the book of Jasher.)</p><p class="hdg">teach</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/genesis/49-8.htm">Genesis 49:8</a></b></br> Judah, thou <i>art he</i> whom thy brethren shall praise: thy hand <i>shall be</i> in the neck of thine enemies; thy father's children shall bow down before thee.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/deuteronomy/4-10.htm">Deuteronomy 4:10</a></b></br> <i>Specially</i> the day that thou stoodest before the LORD thy God in Horeb, when the LORD said unto me, Gather me the people together, and I will make them hear my words, that they may learn to fear me all the days that they shall live upon the earth, and <i>that</i> they may teach their children.</p><p class="hdg">bow </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/1_samuel/20-36.htm">1 Samuel 20:36</a></b></br> And he said unto his lad, Run, find out now the arrows which I shoot. <i>And</i> as the lad ran, he shot an arrow beyond him.</p><p class="hdg">the book</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/joshua/10-13.htm">Joshua 10:13</a></b></br> And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the people had avenged themselves upon their enemies. <i>Is</i> not this written in the book of Jasher? So the sun stood still in the midst of heaven, and hasted not to go down about a whole day.</p><p class="hdg">Jasher.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/1_samuel/24-10.htm">Bade</a> <a href="/1_samuel/10-25.htm">Book</a> <a href="/1_samuel/31-3.htm">Bow</a> <a href="/1_samuel/30-22.htm">Children</a> <a href="/joshua/10-13.htm">Jashar</a> <a href="/joshua/10-13.htm">Jasher</a> <a href="/1_samuel/30-26.htm">Judah</a> <a href="/judges/11-40.htm">Lament</a> <a href="/1_samuel/22-18.htm">Ordered</a> <a href="/joshua/24-26.htm">Recorded</a> <a href="/2_samuel/1-17.htm">Song</a> <a href="/judges/8-16.htm">Taught</a> <a href="/1_samuel/14-12.htm">Teach</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/32-11.htm">Teaching</a> <a href="/1_samuel/29-6.htm">Upright</a> <a href="/1_samuel/28-12.htm">Use</a> <a href="/joshua/23-6.htm">Written</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/2_samuel/14-19.htm">Bade</a> <a href="/1_kings/11-41.htm">Book</a> <a href="/2_samuel/1-22.htm">Bow</a> <a href="/2_samuel/2-25.htm">Children</a> <a href="/joshua/10-13.htm">Jashar</a> <a href="/joshua/10-13.htm">Jasher</a> <a href="/2_samuel/2-1.htm">Judah</a> <a href="/2_samuel/3-31.htm">Lament</a> <a href="/2_samuel/13-28.htm">Ordered</a> <a href="/1_kings/8-5.htm">Recorded</a> <a href="/2_samuel/3-33.htm">Song</a> <a href="/2_kings/17-28.htm">Taught</a> <a href="/1_kings/8-36.htm">Teach</a> <a href="/2_samuel/22-35.htm">Teaching</a> <a href="/2_samuel/4-11.htm">Upright</a> <a href="/2_samuel/9-13.htm">Use</a> <a href="/2_samuel/11-15.htm">Written</a><div class="vheading2">2 Samuel 1</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/2_samuel/1-1.htm">The Amalekite who accused himself of Saul's death is slain</a></span><br><span class="reftext">17. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/2_samuel/1-17.htm">David laments Saul and Jonathan with a song</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/2_samuel/1.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/2_samuel/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/2_samuel/1.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>and he ordered</b><br>David, as the newly anointed king, takes decisive action following the death of Saul and Jonathan. This order reflects his leadership and the importance he places on remembering and honoring the fallen. It demonstrates his respect for Saul, despite their troubled relationship, and his deep love for Jonathan.<p><b>that the sons of Judah</b><br>The tribe of Judah, from which David himself hails, is specifically mentioned. This highlights the significance of the tribe in Israel's history and future, as it is the tribe from which the Messiah is prophesied to come (<a href="/genesis/49-10.htm">Genesis 49:10</a>). Teaching the sons of Judah ensures that the legacy and lessons of the past are preserved within the tribe that will lead Israel.<p><b>be taught</b><br>The act of teaching signifies the importance of passing down knowledge and tradition. In ancient Israel, oral tradition was a key method of preserving history and culture. This command ensures that the lament for Saul and Jonathan becomes part of the collective memory of the people.<p><b>the Song of the Bow</b><br>This song is a lamentation for Saul and Jonathan, emphasizing their prowess in battle and the tragedy of their deaths. The "bow" symbolizes Jonathan, who was known for his skill with this weapon (<a href="/1_samuel/18-4.htm">1 Samuel 18:4</a>). The song serves as a tribute to their bravery and a reminder of the cost of war.<p><b>It is written in the Book of Jashar:</b><br>The Book of Jashar is a non-canonical text referenced in the Old Testament, also mentioned in <a href="/joshua/10-13.htm">Joshua 10:13</a>. It is believed to be a collection of ancient songs and poems celebrating Israel's heroes. The inclusion of the Song of the Bow in this book underscores its significance and the desire to preserve the memory of Saul and Jonathan's contributions to Israel's history.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/d/david.htm">David</a></b><br>The future king of Israel who mourns the deaths of Saul and Jonathan and orders the teaching of the "Song of the Bow."<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/s/sons_of_judah.htm">Sons of Judah</a></b><br>The tribe from which David hails, representing the people who are to learn the lament.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/s/song_of_the_bow.htm">Song of the Bow</a></b><br>A lament composed by David to honor Saul and Jonathan, emphasizing the use of the bow, a symbol of strength and warfare.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/b/book_of_jashar.htm">Book of Jashar</a></b><br>An ancient text referenced in the Bible, known for containing poetic accounts of Israel's history.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/s/saul_and_jonathan.htm">Saul and Jonathan</a></b><br>The first king of Israel and his son, whose deaths are the occasion for the lament.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_lament.htm">The Importance of Lament</a></b><br>David's instruction to teach the "Song of the Bow" highlights the value of lament in processing grief and honoring those who have passed.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/c/cultural_memory_and_legacy.htm">Cultural Memory and Legacy</a></b><br>By recording the lament in the Book of Jashar, David ensures that the legacy of Saul and Jonathan is preserved for future generations.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/u/unity_in_mourning.htm">Unity in Mourning</a></b><br>Despite Saul's pursuit of David, David's lament demonstrates a spirit of unity and respect, teaching us to honor others even amidst conflict.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_music_and_poetry.htm">The Role of Music and Poetry</a></b><br>The use of a song to express deep emotions underscores the power of music and poetry in spiritual and communal life.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/teaching_the_next_generation.htm">Teaching the Next Generation</a></b><br>David's command to teach the sons of Judah reflects the responsibility to pass down spiritual and cultural heritage.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_2_samuel_1.htm">Top 10 Lessons from 2 Samuel 1</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/does_'book_of_jashar'_mention_cast_doubt.htm">2 Samuel 1:18: Why is there ambiguity around the “Book of Jashar,” and does its mention cast doubt on the text’s preservation? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what's_in_the_book_of_jasher.htm">What is the content of the Book of Jasher?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/does_'book_of_wars'_question_bible's_completeness.htm">Numbers 21:14 – Does the mention of the “Book of the Wars of the LORD,” which is lost to history, raise doubts about the completeness or preservation of biblical texts? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/meaning_of_'how_the_mighty_have_fallen'.htm">What does "How the mighty have fallen" mean?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/2_samuel/1.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(18) <span class= "bld">The use of the bow.</span>--The words in italics, <span class= "ital">the use of, </span>are not in the original, and should be omitted. David "bade them teach the children of Judah the bow": i.e., the following dirge called "the bow," not merely from the allusion to Jonathan's bow in <a href="/2_samuel/1-22.htm" title="From the blood of the slain, from the fat of the mighty, the bow of Jonathan turned not back, and the sword of Saul returned not empty.">2Samuel 1:22</a>, but because it is a martial ode, and the bow was one of the chief weapons of the time with which the Benjamites were particularly skilful (<a href="/1_chronicles/12-2.htm" title="They were armed with bows, and could use both the right hand and the left in hurling stones and shooting arrows out of a bow, even of Saul's brothers of Benjamin.">1Chronicles 12:2</a>; <a href="/2_chronicles/14-8.htm" title="And Asa had an army of men that bore targets and spears, out of Judah three hundred thousand; and out of Benjamin, that bore shields and drew bows, two hundred and fourscore thousand: all these were mighty men of valor.">2Chronicles 14:8</a>; <a href="/2_chronicles/17-17.htm" title="And of Benjamin; Eliada a mighty man of valor, and with him armed men with bow and shield two hundred thousand.">2Chronicles 17:17</a>). The word is omitted in the Vatican LXX. He taught this song to "the children of Judah" rather than to all Israel, because for the following seven and a half years, while the memory of Saul was fresh, he reigned only over Judah and Benjamin.<p><span class= "bld">In the book of Jasher.</span>--This book is also referred to in <a href="/joshua/10-13.htm" title="And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the people had avenged themselves on their enemies. Is not this written in the book of Jasher? So the sun stood still in the middle of heaven, and hurried not to go down about a whole day.">Joshua 10:13</a>, and nothing more is really known about it, although it has been the subject of <span class= "ital">endless </span>discussion and speculation. It is supposed to have been a collection of songs relating to memorable events and men in the early history of Israel, and it appears that this elegy was included among them. . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/2_samuel/1.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 18.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Also he bade them teach the children of Judah</span> [the use of] <span class="cmt_word">the bow.</span> The old view is that given by the inserted words, and is well put by Ephrem Syrus in his commentary upon the passage. He says that, as Israel's defeat at Gilboa was the presage of a long struggle, and as the Philistines had gained the victory there by their skill in archery, David used his utmost authority with his own tribe to get them to practise this art for their protection in future wars. This explanation would be plausible were it not that we have reason for believing that the Israelites were already skilful in the use both of the sling and the bow, in both of which the Benjamites especially excelled (<a href="/1_chronicles/12-2.htm">1 Chronicles 12:2</a>). The modern view is that given in the Revised Version, where the inserted words are "the song of" the bow. "The Bow" is thus the name of the elegy, taken from the allusion to Jonathan's skill in the use of that weapon (ver. 22; comp. <a href="/1_samuel/18-4.htm">1 Samuel 18:4</a>; <a href="/1_samuel/20-36.htm">1 Samuel 20:36</a>); and the meaning is that David made his own tribesmen, who were probably ill disposed to Saul and his family, learn this dirge, not so much for its preservation, as to make them give the fallen king due honour. Similarly <a href="/exodus/3.htm">Exodus 3</a>. is called "The Bush" in <a href="/mark/12-26.htm">Mark 12:26</a>. <span class="cmt_word">The book of Jasher.</span> See on this book <a href="/joshua/10-13.htm">Joshua 10:13</a>, where the Syriac Version calls it "The Book of Canticles," and understands by it a collection of national ballads commemorative of the brave deeds of Israelite heroes. Jasher literally means "upright," and the Book of Jasher would be equivalent to "Hero book," the Hebrews always looking to the moral rather than the physical prowess of their great men. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/2_samuel/1-18.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">and he ordered</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיֹּ֕אמֶר</span> <span class="translit">(way·yō·mer)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_559.htm">Strong's 559: </a> </span><span class="str2">To utter, say</span><br /><br /><span class="word">that the sons</span><br /><span class="heb">בְּנֵֽי־</span> <span class="translit">(bə·nê-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine plural construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1121.htm">Strong's 1121: </a> </span><span class="str2">A son</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of Judah</span><br /><span class="heb">יְהוּדָ֖ה</span> <span class="translit">(yə·hū·ḏāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3063.htm">Strong's 3063: </a> </span><span class="str2">Judah -- 'praised', a son of Jacob, also the southern kingdom, also four Israelites</span><br /><br /><span class="word">be taught</span><br /><span class="heb">לְלַמֵּ֥ד</span> <span class="translit">(lə·lam·mêḏ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-l | Verb - Piel - Infinitive construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3925.htm">Strong's 3925: </a> </span><span class="str2">To exercise in, learn</span><br /><br /><span class="word">[the Song of] the Bow.</span><br /><span class="heb">קָ֑שֶׁת</span> <span class="translit">(qā·šeṯ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7198.htm">Strong's 7198: </a> </span><span class="str2">A bow, for, shooting, the iris</span><br /><br /><span class="word">It is written</span><br /><span class="heb">כְתוּבָ֖ה</span> <span class="translit">(ḵə·ṯū·ḇāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - QalPassParticiple - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3789.htm">Strong's 3789: </a> </span><span class="str2">To grave, to write</span><br /><br /><span class="word">in</span><br /><span class="heb">עַל־</span> <span class="translit">(‘al-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5921.htm">Strong's 5921: </a> </span><span class="str2">Above, over, upon, against</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the Book</span><br /><span class="heb">סֵ֥פֶר</span> <span class="translit">(sê·p̄er)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5612.htm">Strong's 5612: </a> </span><span class="str2">A missive, document, writing, book</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of Jashar:</span><br /><span class="heb">הַיָּשָֽׁר׃</span> <span class="translit">(hay·yā·šār)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Adjective - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3477.htm">Strong's 3477: </a> </span><span class="str2">Straight, right</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/2_samuel/1-18.htm">2 Samuel 1:18 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/2_samuel/1-18.htm">2 Samuel 1:18 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/2_samuel/1-18.htm">2 Samuel 1:18 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/2_samuel/1-18.htm">2 Samuel 1:18 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/2_samuel/1-18.htm">2 Samuel 1:18 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/2_samuel/1-18.htm">2 Samuel 1:18 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/2_samuel/1-18.htm">2 Samuel 1:18 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/2_samuel/1-18.htm">2 Samuel 1:18 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/2_samuel/1-18.htm">2 Samuel 1:18 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/2_samuel/1-18.htm">2 Samuel 1:18 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/2_samuel/1-18.htm">OT History: 2 Samuel 1:18 And he bade them teach the children (2Sa iiSam 2 Sam ii sam) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/2_samuel/1-17.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="2 Samuel 1:17"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="2 Samuel 1:17" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/2_samuel/1-19.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="2 Samuel 1:19"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="2 Samuel 1:19" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>