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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_gl.wikipedia.org&uselang=gl" class=""><span>Doazóns</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crear_unha_conta&returnto=Microevoluci%C3%B3n" title="É recomendable que cree unha conta e acceda ao sistema, se ben non é obrigatorio" class=""><span>Crear unha conta</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Iniciar_sesi%C3%B3n&returnto=Microevoluci%C3%B3n" title="É recomendable que se rexistre, se ben non é obrigatorio [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Acceder ao sistema</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Máis opcións" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ferramentas persoais" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled 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desde este enderezo IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucións</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:A_mi%C3%B1a_conversa" title="Conversa acerca de edicións feitas desde este enderezo IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Conversa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sitio"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contidos" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contidos</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">agochar</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inicio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Mecanismos_da_microevolución" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mecanismos_da_microevolución"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Mecanismos da microevolución</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mecanismos_da_microevolución-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mecanismos_da_microevolución_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mecanismos_da_microevolución_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Mecanismos da microevolución</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mecanismos_da_microevolución_2-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Mecanismos da microevolución"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mecanismos_da_microevolución_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mutación" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mutación"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Mutación</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mutación-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Migración(o_fluxo_xénico)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Migración(o_fluxo_xénico)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Migración(o fluxo xénico)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Migración(o_fluxo_xénico)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deriva_xenética" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deriva_xenética"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Deriva xenética</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deriva_xenética-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Selección_natural" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Selección_natural"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Selección natural</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Selección_natural-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Notas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Véxase_tamén" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Véxase_tamén"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Véxase tamén</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Véxase tamén"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Outros_artigos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outros_artigos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Outros artigos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outros_artigos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contidos" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Microevolución</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artigo noutra lingua. Dispoñible en 37 linguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 linguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B5%D8%BA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A" title="تطور صغروي – árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تطور صغروي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microevoluci%C3%B3n" title="Microevolución – asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Microevolución" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikrot%C9%99kam%C3%BCl" title="Mikrotəkamül – acerbaixano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mikrotəkamül" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="acerbaixano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Микроеволюция – búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Микроеволюция" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroevolucija" title="Mikroevolucija – bosníaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mikroevolucija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosníaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microevoluci%C3%B3" title="Microevolució – catalán" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Microevolució" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%D8%B3%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%85" title="پەرەسەندنی ئاست نزم – kurdo central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پەرەسەندنی ئاست نزم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdo central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroevoluce" title="Mikroevoluce – checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mikroevoluce" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Микроэволюци – chuvaxo" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Микроэволюци" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chuvaxo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroevolution" title="Mikroevolution – alemán" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mikroevolution" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroevolusyon" title="Mikroevolusyon – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Mikroevolusyon" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microevolution" title="Microevolution – inglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Microevolution" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microevoluci%C3%B3n" title="Microevolución – español" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Microevolución" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="español" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroevolutsioon" title="Mikroevolutsioon – estoniano" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mikroevolutsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%81%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B4%D8%AA" title="خردفرگشت – persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خردفرگشت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroevoluutio" title="Mikroevoluutio – finés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mikroevoluutio" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro%C3%A9volution_et_macro%C3%A9volution" title="Microévolution et macroévolution – francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Microévolution et macroévolution" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroevolucija" title="Mikroevolucija – croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mikroevolucija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroevolusi" title="Mikroevolusi – indonesio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mikroevolusi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microevoluzione" title="Microevoluzione – italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Microevoluzione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Микроэволюция – kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Микроэволюция" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EC%A7%84%ED%99%94" title="소진화 – coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="소진화" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Микроэволюция – kirguiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Микроэволюция" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroevol%C5%ABcija" title="Mikroevolūcija – letón" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mikroevolūcija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Микроеволуција – macedonio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Микроеволуција" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB" title="മൈക്രോഇവല്യൂഷൻ – malabar" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മൈക്രോഇവല്യൂഷൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroevolusi" title="Mikroevolusi – malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mikroevolusi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroewolucja" title="Mikroewolucja – polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mikroewolucja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microevolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Microevolução – portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Microevolução" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microevolu%C8%9Bie" title="Microevoluție – romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Microevoluție" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%8D%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Микроэволюция – ruso" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Микроэволюция" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroevol%C3%BAcia" title="Mikroevolúcia – eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mikroevolúcia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikroevolution" title="Mikroevolution – sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mikroevolution" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikro_evrim" title="Mikro evrim – turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mikro evrim" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Мікроеволюція – ucraíno" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мікроеволюція" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraíno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E6%BC%94%E5%8C%96" title="微演化 – chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="微演化" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E9%80%B2%E5%8C%96" title="微進化 – cantonés" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="微進化" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q680054#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar as ligazóns interlingüísticas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar as ligazóns</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espazos de nomes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Microevoluci%C3%B3n" title="Ver o contido da páxina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artigo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conversa:Microevoluci%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Conversa acerca do contido desta páxina (a páxina aínda non existe) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Conversa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambiar a variante 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lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">agochar</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Na Galipedia, a Wikipedia en galego.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="gl" dir="ltr"><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Cómpre aumentar as referencias"><img alt="Cómpre aumentar as referencias" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/50px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/75px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/100px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Este artigo <b>precisa de máis <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citar_as_fontes" title="Wikipedia:Citar as fontes">fontes ou referencias</a></b> que aparezan nunha <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verificabilidade" title="Wikipedia:Verificabilidade">publicación acreditada</a> que poidan verificar o seu contido, como libros ou outras publicacións especializadas no tema. Por favor, axude <a class="external text" href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&action=edit">mellorando este artigo</a>. <small><i>(Desde xuño de 2016.)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>microevolución</b> é a evolución a pequena escala; é dicir, por debaixo do nivel de especie. A microevolución contraponse coa <a href="/wiki/Macroevoluci%C3%B3n" title="Macroevolución">macroevolución</a>, pero a diferenza entre elas é só de tempo e escala. A macroevolución ocorre no nivel de especie ou por riba do nivel de especie e durante longos períodos de tempo xeolóxico, e a microevolución ocorre por debaixo do nivel de especie e en escalas de tempo pequenas por variacións das <a href="/wiki/Frecuencia_al%C3%A9lica" title="Frecuencia alélica">frecuencias alélicas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Matzke_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Matzke-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> Segundo a escola da <a href="/w/index.php?title=S%C3%ADntese_evolucionista_moderna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Síntese evolucionista moderna (a páxina aínda non existe)">síntese evolucionista moderna</a> unha acumulación de cambios microevolutivos orixina os cambios macroevolutivos, agás excepcións de casos de <a href="/wiki/Especiaci%C3%B3n" title="Especiación">especiación</a> súbita (por <a href="/wiki/Duplicaci%C3%B3n_xen%C3%B3mica" class="mw-redirect" title="Duplicación xenómica">duplicacións xenómicas</a>, por exemplo<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup>).<sup id="cite_ref-Kutschera_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kutschera-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mecanismos_da_microevolución"><span id="Mecanismos_da_microevoluci.C3.B3n"></span>Mecanismos da microevolución</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar a sección: «Mecanismos da microevolución»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Mecanismos da microevolución"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Os cambios microevolutivos prodúcense por medio duns poucos procesos básicos. Os procesos que poden afectar directamente as <a href="/wiki/Frecuencia_al%C3%A9lica" title="Frecuencia alélica">frecuencias xénicas</a> dunha poboación son a mutación, migración, deriva xenética e selección natural. Se se puidese ampliar unha rama da escala da árbore da vida os insectos, por exemplo, veríase outra filoxenia relativa a tódalas diferentes liñaxes de insectos. Se se continúa ampliando, seleccionando a rama que representa os escaravellos, veríase outra filoxenia relativa ás distintas especies de escaravellos. Poderíase continuar ampliando ata ver as relacións entre as poboacións de escaravellos. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mecanismos_da_microevolución_2"><span id="Mecanismos_da_microevoluci.C3.B3n_2"></span>Mecanismos da microevolución</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar a sección: «Mecanismos da microevolución»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Mecanismos da microevolución"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Os cambios microevolutivos prodúcense dunhas poucas formas básicas. Os procesos que poden afectar directamente as frecuencias xénicas dunha poboación son a mutación, migración, deriva xenética e selección natural. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mutación"><span id="Mutaci.C3.B3n"></span>Mutación</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar a sección: «Mutación»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Mutación"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Gene-duplication.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Gene-duplication.svg/100px-Gene-duplication.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Gene-duplication.svg/150px-Gene-duplication.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Gene-duplication.svg/200px-Gene-duplication.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="354" /></a><figcaption>Duplicación de parte dun <a href="/wiki/Cromosoma" title="Cromosoma">cromosoma</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Algúns xenes «verde» mutaron aleatoriamente, transformándose en xenes «marrón» (aínda que, dado que calquera mutación en especial é rara, este proceso por si só non pode ser responsable dun gran cambio na <a href="/wiki/Frecuencia_al%C3%A9lica" title="Frecuencia alélica">frecuencia alélica</a> nunha xeración). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Migración(o_fluxo_xénico)"><span id="Migraci.C3.B3n.28o_fluxo_x.C3.A9nico.29"></span>Migración(o fluxo xénico)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar a sección: «Migración(o fluxo xénico)»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Migración(o fluxo xénico)"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Algúns escaravellos con xenes marrón inmigraron desde outra poboación, ou algúns escaravellos que tiñan xenes verde emigraron. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deriva_xenética"><span id="Deriva_xen.C3.A9tica"></span>Deriva xenética</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editar a sección: «Deriva xenética»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Deriva xenética"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ao reproducirse os escaravellos acabaron na descendencia máis xenes marrón que xenes verde, simplemente polo azar. No diagrama da dereita, os xenes marrón están presentes cunha frecuencia lixeiramente superior na descendencia (29%) que na xeración parental (25%). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Selección_natural"><span id="Selecci.C3.B3n_natural"></span>Selección natural</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editar a sección: «Selección natural»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Selección natural"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Os escaravellos con xenes marrón evitaron ser cazados e sobreviviron para reproducirse con máis frecuencia que os escaravellos con xenes verde, polo que pasaron máis xenes marrón á seguinte xeración. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notas">Notas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editar a sección: «Notas»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&action=edit&section=7" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Notas"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Matzke-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Matzke_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nick_Matzke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nick Matzke (a páxina aínda non existe)">Matzke, Nicholas J.</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_R._Gross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul R. Gross (a páxina aínda non existe)">Paul R. Gross</a>. 2006. Analyzing Critical Analysis: The Fallback Antievolutionist Strategy. <i>In</i> <a href="/wiki/Eugenie_Scott" title="Eugenie Scott">Eugenie Scott</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glenn_Branch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glenn Branch (a páxina aínda non existe)">Glenn Branch</a>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_works_on_intelligent_design&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of works on intelligent design (a páxina aínda non existe)">Not in Our Classrooms: Why Intelligent Design is Wrong for Our Schools</a></i>, Beacon Press, Boston <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_bibliogr%C3%A1ficas/0807032786" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0807032786</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rieseberg LH, Willis JH (agosto de 2007). "Plant Speciation". Science 317 (5840): 910–4. doi:10.1126/science.1137729. PMC 2442920. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17702935?dopt=Abstract">PMID 17702935</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kutschera-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Kutschera_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Kutschera U, Niklas KJ (xuño de 2004). "The modern theory of biological evolution: an expanded synthesis". <i>Die Naturwissenschaften</i> <b>91</b> (6): 255–76. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15241603">15241603</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00114-004-0515-y">10.1007/s00114-004-0515-y</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3AMicroevoluci%C3%B3n&rft.atitle=The+modern+theory+of+biological+evolution%3A+an+expanded+synthesis&rft.au=Niklas%2C+KJ&rft.aufirst=U&rft.aulast=Kutschera&rft.chron=xu%C3%B1o+de+2004&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=6&rft.jtitle=Die+Naturwissenschaften&rft.pages=255-76&rft.volume=91&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs00114-004-0515-y&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15241603&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Véxase_tamén"><span id="V.C3.A9xase_tam.C3.A9n"></span>Véxase tamén</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editar a sección: «Véxase tamén»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&action=edit&section=8" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Véxase tamén"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Portada_galega" class="extiw" title="commons:Portada galega">Wikimedia Commons</a> ten máis contidos multimedia na categoría:  <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Evolution" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Evolution">Microevolución</a></b></i></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Outros_artigos">Outros artigos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editar a sección: «Outros artigos»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microevoluci%C3%B3n&action=edit&section=9" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Outros artigos"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evoluci%C3%B3n" title="Evolución">Evolución</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Control_de_autoridades" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Control_de_autoridades" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; 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