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id="toc-Operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Operations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Web_archiving" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Web_archiving"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Web archiving </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Web_archiving-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Web archiving subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Web_archiving-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Wayback_Machine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wayback_Machine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Wayback Machine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wayback_Machine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archive-It" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archive-It"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Archive-It </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archive-It-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Internet_Archive_Scholar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Internet_Archive_Scholar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Internet Archive Scholar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Internet_Archive_Scholar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_Index" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_Index"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 General Index </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_Index-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Items_and_collections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Items_and_collections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Items and collections </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Items_and_collections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Book_collections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Book_collections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Book collections </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Book_collections-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Book collections subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Book_collections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Text_collection" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Text_collection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Text collection </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Text_collection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Open_Library" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Open_Library"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Open Library </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Open_Library-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Digitizing_sponsors_for_books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Digitizing_sponsors_for_books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Digitizing sponsors for books </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Digitizing_sponsors_for_books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media_collections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_collections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Media collections </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Media_collections-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Media collections subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Media_collections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Audio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Audio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Audio </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Audio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Audio_Archive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Audio_Archive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1.1 Audio Archive </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Audio_Archive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Digital_Library_of_Amateur_Radio_and_Communications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Digital_Library_of_Amateur_Radio_and_Communications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1.2 Digital Library of Amateur Radio and Communications </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Digital_Library_of_Amateur_Radio_and_Communications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Live_Music_Archive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Live_Music_Archive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1.3 Live Music Archive </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Live_Music_Archive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Great_78_Project" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Great_78_Project"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1.4 The Great 78 Project </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Great_78_Project-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Netlabels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Netlabels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1.5 Netlabels </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Netlabels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Images_collection" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Images_collection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Images collection </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Images_collection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cover_Art_Archive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cover_Art_Archive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.1 Cover Art Archive </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cover_Art_Archive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art_images" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art_images"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.2 Metropolitan Museum of Art images </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art_images-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-NASA_Images" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#NASA_Images"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.3 NASA Images </div> </a> <ul id="toc-NASA_Images-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Occupy_Wall_Street_Flickr_archive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Occupy_Wall_Street_Flickr_archive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.4 Occupy Wall Street Flickr archive </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Occupy_Wall_Street_Flickr_archive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-USGS_Maps" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#USGS_Maps"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.5 USGS Maps </div> </a> <ul id="toc-USGS_Maps-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Machinima_Archive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Machinima_Archive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Machinima Archive </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Machinima_Archive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Microfilm_collection" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Microfilm_collection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Microfilm collection </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Microfilm_collection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moving_image_collection" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moving_image_collection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5 Moving image collection </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moving_image_collection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Open_Educational_Resources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Open_Educational_Resources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6 Open Educational Resources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Open_Educational_Resources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TV_News_Search_&_Borrow" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#TV_News_Search_&_Borrow"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7 TV News Search & Borrow </div> </a> <ul id="toc-TV_News_Search_&_Borrow-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Miscellaneous_collections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Miscellaneous_collections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.8 Miscellaneous collections </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Miscellaneous_collections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_services_and_endeavors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_services_and_endeavors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Other services and endeavors </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Other_services_and_endeavors-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Other services and endeavors subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Other_services_and_endeavors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Physical_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physical_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Physical media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Physical_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Software" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Software"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Software </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Software-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Table_Top_Scribe_System" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Table_Top_Scribe_System"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Table Top Scribe System </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Table_Top_Scribe_System-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Credit_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Credit_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 Credit Union </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Credit_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Decentralization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decentralization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.5 Decentralization </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Decentralization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wayforward_Machine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wayforward_Machine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.6 Wayforward Machine </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wayforward_Machine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ceramic_archivists_collection" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ceramic_archivists_collection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.7 Ceramic archivists collection </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ceramic_archivists_collection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Artists_in_residence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Artists_in_residence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.8 Artists in residence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Artists_in_residence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies,_legal_disputes,_and_activism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies,_legal_disputes,_and_activism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Controversies, legal disputes, and activism </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversies,_legal_disputes,_and_activism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Controversies, legal disputes, and activism subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Controversies,_legal_disputes,_and_activism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Opposition_to_National_security_letters,_bills_and_settlements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opposition_to_National_security_letters,_bills_and_settlements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Opposition to National security letters, bills and settlements </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opposition_to_National_security_letters,_bills_and_settlements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hosting_of_disputed_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hosting_of_disputed_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Hosting of disputed media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hosting_of_disputed_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2020_National_Emergency_Library" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2020_National_Emergency_Library"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 2020 National Emergency Library </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2020_National_Emergency_Library-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Copyright_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Copyright_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Copyright issues </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Copyright_issues-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Copyright issues subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Copyright_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Book_publishers'_lawsuit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Book_publishers'_lawsuit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Book publishers' lawsuit </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Book_publishers'_lawsuit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music_publishers'_lawsuit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music_publishers'_lawsuit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Music publishers' lawsuit </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music_publishers'_lawsuit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 See also </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle See also subsection </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Similar_projects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Similar_projects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 Similar projects </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Similar_projects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.2 Other </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Internet Archive</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 76 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-76" aria-hidden="true" > 76 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA" title="أرشيف الإنترنت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أرشيف الإنترنت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%86%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AD" title="ইণ্টাৰনেট আৰ্কাইভ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ইণ্টাৰনেট আৰ্কাইভ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AD" title="ইন্টারনেট আর্কাইভ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইন্টারনেট আর্কাইভ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%9E_%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%83" title="Архіў Інтэрнэту – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Архіў Інтэрнэту" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B5" title="इंटरनेट आर्काइव – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="इंटरनेट आर्काइव" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Интернет архив – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Интернет архив" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interreta_Arkivo" title="Interreta Arkivo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Interreta Arkivo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA" title="بایگانی اینترنت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بایگانی اینترنت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%EB%84%B7_%EC%95%84%EC%B9%B4%EC%9D%B4%EB%B8%8C" title="인터넷 아카이브 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="인터넷 아카이브" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B5" title="इन्टरनेट आर्काइव – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इन्टरनेट आर्काइव" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%98" title="ארכיון האינטרנט – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ארכיון האינטרנט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%BC%D2%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%93%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Интернет мұрағаты – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Интернет мұрағаты" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D" title="ഇന്റർനെറ്റ് ആർകൈവ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇന്റർനെറ്റ് ആർകൈവ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AD" title="इन्टरनेट आर्काइभ – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इन्टरनेट आर्काइभ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8D%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AB%E3%82%A4%E3%83%96" title="インターネットアーカイブ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="インターネットアーカイブ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%88%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%9F_%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%B5" title="ਇੰਟਰਨੈੱਟ ਆਰਕਾਈਵ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇੰਟਰਨੈੱਟ ਆਰਕਾਈਵ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%BC%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%BC_%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%81" title="د انټرنیټ آرشیف – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د انټرنیټ آرشیف" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive_Wayback_Machine" title="Internet Archive Wayback Machine – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Internet Archive Wayback Machine" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Архив Интернета – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Архив Интернета" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%89%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%86%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8A" title="ඉන්ටනෙට් ආකයිව් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඉන්ටනෙට් ආකයිව්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="இணைய ஆவணகம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இணைய ஆவணகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%8D" title="ఇంటర్నెట్ అర్కైవ్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇంటర్నెట్ అర్కైవ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%8C" title="อินเทอร์เน็ตอาร์ไคฟ์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อินเทอร์เน็ตอาร์ไคฟ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%B9%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%B9_%D8%A2%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%88" title="انٹرنیٹ آرکائیو – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="انٹرنیٹ آرکائیو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Internet Archive" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="互联网档案馆" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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.latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Internet_Archive&params=37.782321_N_122.471611_W_type:landmark_region:US-CA">37°46′56″N 122°28′18″W / 37.782321°N 122.471611°W / 37.782321; -122.471611</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Internet_Archive&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="The Internet Archive">The Internet Archive</a>)</div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American nonprofit digital archive</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"archive.org" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/ArXiv" title="ArXiv">arXiv</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Internet Archive</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg/220px-Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg/330px-Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg/440px-Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="583" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type of business</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/501(c)(3)_organization" title="501(c)(3) organization">Nonprofit organization</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Type of site</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Digital_library" title="Digital library">Digital library</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">May 10, 1996; 28 years ago (1996-05-10)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Richmond_District,_San_Francisco" title="Richmond District, San Francisco">Richmond District</a> <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, California, United States <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Internet_Archive&params=37.782321_N_122.471611_W_type:landmark_region:US-CA">37°46′56″N 122°28′18″W / 37.782321°N 122.471611°W / 37.782321; -122.471611</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Organizational_founder" title="Organizational founder">Founder(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brewster_Kahle" title="Brewster Kahle">Brewster Kahle</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Chairman</th><td class="infobox-data">Brewster Kahle</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Service_(economics)" title="Service (economics)">Services</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Archive-It</li><li><a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">Open Library</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (since 2001)</li><li>Netlabels</li><li><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> Images</li><li><a href="/wiki/Prelinger_Archives" title="Prelinger Archives">Prelinger Archives</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Revenue" title="Revenue">Revenue</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> $30.5 million (2022)<a href="#cite_note-form990-2022-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> $7.3 million (2022)<a href="#cite_note-form990-2022-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employees</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 169 (2022)<a href="#cite_note-form990-2022-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">URL</th><td class="infobox-data url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/">archive.org</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commercial</th><td class="infobox-data">No</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launched</th><td class="infobox-data">1996; 28 years ago (1996)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current status</th><td class="infobox-data category">Active</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_System_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous System Number">ASN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bgp.tools/as/7941">7941</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461#P3797" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Christian_science_church122908_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Christian_science_church122908_02.jpg/220px-Christian_science_church122908_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Christian_science_church122908_02.jpg/330px-Christian_science_church122908_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Christian_science_church122908_02.jpg/440px-Christian_science_church122908_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4418" data-file-height="3534" /></a><figcaption>Since late 2009, the headquarters of the Internet Archive has been the building that formerly housed the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Church_of_Christ,_Scientist_(San_Francisco)" title="Fourth Church of Christ, Scientist (San Francisco)">Fourth Church of Christ, Scientist</a> in San Francisco, California.</figcaption></figure> The Internet Archive is an American <a href="/wiki/501(c)(3)_organization" title="501(c)(3) organization">non-profit</a> organization founded in 1996 by <a href="/wiki/Brewster_Kahle" title="Brewster Kahle">Brewster Kahle</a> that runs a <a href="/wiki/Digital_library" title="Digital library">digital library</a> website, archive.org.<a href="#cite_note-Found0-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Found1-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20230813-4">[4]</a> It provides free access to collections of digitized media including <a href="/wiki/Website" title="Website">websites</a>, <a href="/wiki/Application_software" title="Application software">software applications</a>, <a href="/wiki/Music" title="Music">music</a>, <a href="/wiki/Audiovisual" title="Audiovisual">audiovisual</a>, and print materials. The Archive also advocates a <a href="/wiki/Information_wants_to_be_free" title="Information wants to be free">free</a> and open <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a>. Its mission is committing to provide "universal access to all knowledge".<a href="#cite_note-Archive2024-5">[5]</a> The Internet Archive allows the public to upload and download digital material to its data cluster, but the bulk of its data is collected automatically by its <a href="/wiki/Web_crawler" title="Web crawler">web crawlers</a>, which work to preserve as much of the public web as possible. Its <a href="/wiki/Web_archiving" title="Web archiving">web archive</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, contains hundreds of billions of web captures.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> The Archive also oversees numerous <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Book_collections">book digitization projects</a>, collectively one of the world's largest book digitization efforts. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Internet_Archive_headquarters_exterior_February_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Internet_Archive_headquarters_exterior_February_2008.jpg/220px-Internet_Archive_headquarters_exterior_February_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Internet_Archive_headquarters_exterior_February_2008.jpg/330px-Internet_Archive_headquarters_exterior_February_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Internet_Archive_headquarters_exterior_February_2008.jpg/440px-Internet_Archive_headquarters_exterior_February_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Headquarters in Building 116 of the Presidio of San Francisco in 2008</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Brewster_Kahle" title="Brewster Kahle">Brewster Kahle</a> founded the Archive in May 1996, around the same time that he began the for-profit <a href="/wiki/Web_crawler" title="Web crawler">web crawling</a> company <a href="/wiki/Alexa_Internet" title="Alexa Internet">Alexa Internet</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> The earliest known archived page on the site was saved on May 10, 1996, at 2:42 pm <a href="/wiki/Universal_Coordinated_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Universal Coordinated Time">UTC</a> (7:42 am <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Daylight Time">PDT</a>). By October of that year, the Internet Archive had begun to archive and preserve the <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a> in large amounts.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> The archived content became more easily available to the general public in 2001, through the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. In late 1999, the Archive expanded its collections beyond the web archive, beginning with the <a href="/wiki/Prelinger_Archives" title="Prelinger Archives">Prelinger Archives</a>. Now, the Internet Archive includes texts, audio, moving images, and <a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">software</a>. It hosts a number of other projects: the <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> Images Archive, the contract crawling service Archive-It, and the wiki-editable library catalog and book information site <a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">Open Library</a>. Soon after that, the Archive began working to provide specialized services relating to the <a href="/wiki/Information_access" title="Information access">information access</a> needs of the print-disabled; publicly accessible books were made available in a protected <a href="/wiki/Digital_Accessible_Information_System" title="Digital Accessible Information System">Digital Accessible Information System</a> (DAISY) format.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> According to its website:<a href="#cite_note-:1-16">[16]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">Most societies place importance on preserving artifacts of their culture and heritage. Without such artifacts, civilization has no memory and no mechanism to learn from its successes and failures. Our culture now produces more and more artifacts in digital form. The Archive's mission is to help preserve those artifacts and create an Internet library for researchers, historians, and scholars.</blockquote> In August 2012, the Archive announced<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> that it had added <a href="/wiki/BitTorrent" title="BitTorrent">BitTorrent</a> to its file download options for more than 1.3 million existing files, and all newly uploaded files.<a href="#cite_note-TFBT-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> This method is the fastest means of downloading media from the Archive, as files are served from two Archive data centers, in addition to other torrent clients which have downloaded and continue to serve the files.<a href="#cite_note-TFBT-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> On November 6, 2013, the Internet Archive's headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Richmond_District,_San_Francisco" title="Richmond District, San Francisco">San Francisco's Richmond District</a> caught fire,<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> destroying equipment and damaging some nearby apartments.<a href="#cite_note-fire2013-22">[22]</a> According to the Archive, it lost a side-building housing one of 30 of its scanning centers; cameras, lights, and scanning equipment worth hundreds of thousands of dollars; and "maybe 20 boxes of books and film, some irreplaceable, most already digitized, and some replaceable".<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> The nonprofit Archive sought donations to cover the estimated $600,000 in damage.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> An overhaul of the site was launched as beta in November 2014, and the legacy layout was removed in March 2016.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> In November 2016, Kahle announced that the Internet Archive was building the Internet Archive of Canada, a copy of the Archive to be based somewhere in <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>. The announcement received widespread coverage due to the implication that the decision to build a backup archive in a foreign country was because of the upcoming <a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">presidency of Donald Trump</a>.<a href="#cite_note-KahleCanada-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> Beginning in 2017, <a href="/wiki/OCLC" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> and the Internet Archive have collaborated to make the Archive's records of digitized books available in <a href="/wiki/WorldCat" title="WorldCat">WorldCat</a>.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Since 2018, the Internet Archive visual arts residency, which is organized by Amir Saber Esfahani and Andrew McClintock, helps connect artists with the Archive's over 48 <a href="/wiki/Byte#Multiple-byte_units" title="Byte">petabytes</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> of digitized materials. Over the course of the yearlong residency, visual artists create a body of work which culminates in an exhibition. The hope is to connect digital history with the arts and create something for future generations to appreciate online or off.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> Previous artists in residence include <a href="/wiki/Taravat_Talepasand" title="Taravat Talepasand">Taravat Talepasand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Whitney_Lynn" title="Whitney Lynn">Whitney Lynn</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jenny_Odell" title="Jenny Odell">Jenny Odell</a>.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> The Internet Archive acquires most materials from donations,<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> such as hundreds of thousands of 78 rpm discs from <a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Library" title="Boston Public Library">Boston Public Library</a> in 2017,<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> a donation of 250,000 books from <a href="/wiki/Trent_University" title="Trent University">Trent University</a> in 2018,<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> and the entire collection of <a href="/wiki/Marygrove_College" title="Marygrove College">Marygrove College</a>'s library after it closed in 2020.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> All material is then digitized and retained in digital storage, while a digital copy is returned to the original holder and the Internet Archive's copy, if not in the public domain, is lent to patrons worldwide one at a time under the <a href="/wiki/Controlled_digital_lending" title="Controlled digital lending">controlled digital lending</a> (CDL) theory of the <a href="/wiki/First-sale_doctrine" title="First-sale doctrine">first-sale doctrine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> On June 1, 2020, four large publishing houses – <a href="/wiki/Hachette_Book_Group" title="Hachette Book Group">Hachette Book Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Random_House" title="Penguin Random House">Penguin Random House</a>, <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wiley_(publisher)" title="Wiley (publisher)">John Wiley</a> – filed <a href="/wiki/Hachette_v._Internet_Archive" title="Hachette v. Internet Archive">a lawsuit against the Internet Archive</a> before the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Southern_District_of_New_York" title="United States District Court for the Southern District of New York">United States District Court for the Southern District of New York</a>, claiming that the Internet Archive's practice of <a href="/wiki/Controlled_digital_lending" title="Controlled digital lending">controlled digital lending</a> constituted <a href="/wiki/Copyright_infringement" title="Copyright infringement">copyright infringement</a>. On March 25, 2023, the court found in favor of the publishers. The negotiated judgment of August 11, 2023, barred the Internet Archive from digitally lending books for which <a href="/wiki/Ebook" title="Ebook">electronic copies</a> are on sale. Also on August 11, 2023, the <a href="/wiki/Music_industry" title="Music industry">music industry</a> giants <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal Music Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music">Sony Music</a> and <a href="/wiki/Concord_(entertainment_company)" title="Concord (entertainment company)">Concord</a> (together with their respective <a href="/wiki/Record_label" title="Record label">labels</a> <a href="/wiki/Capitol_Records" title="Capitol Records">Capitol Records</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arista_Records" title="Arista Records">Arista Records</a> and CMGI Recorded Music Assets) sued the Internet Archive before the same United States District Court for the Southern District of New York over the Internet Archive's <a href="/wiki/The_Great_78_Project" title="The Great 78 Project">Great 78 Project</a> for $621 million in damages from alleged copyright infringement.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> In September 2024, <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> and the Internet Archive signed a partnership to allow people to see previous versions of websites on <a href="/wiki/Google_Search" title="Google Search">Google Search</a> that uses the Wayback Machine, without linking the <a href="/wiki/Search_engine_cache" title="Search engine cache">Google Cache</a> yet.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cyberattacks">Cyberattacks</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cyberattacks">edit</a>]</div> During the week of May 27, 2024, the Internet Archive suffered a series of <a href="/wiki/Denial-of-service_attack#Distributed_DoS" title="Denial-of-service attack">distributed denial of service</a> (DDoS) attacks that made its services unavailable intermittently, sometimes for hours at a time, over a period of several days.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> The attack was claimed on May 28 by a hacker group called <a href="/wiki/Anonymous_Sudan" title="Anonymous Sudan">SN_BLACKMETA</a>,<a href="#cite_note-JL-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-WD-47">[47]</a> with possible links to <a href="/wiki/Anonymous_Sudan" title="Anonymous Sudan">Anonymous Sudan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Radware-48">[48]</a> The incident drew a comparison with the 2023 <a href="/wiki/British_Library_cyberattack" title="British Library cyberattack">British Library cyberattack</a>, which affected the <a href="/wiki/UK_Web_Archive" title="UK Web Archive">UK Web Archive</a>.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Internet_archive_website,_during_DOS_attack,_13th_October_2024.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/91/Internet_archive_website%2C_during_DOS_attack%2C_13th_October_2024.png/220px-Internet_archive_website%2C_during_DOS_attack%2C_13th_October_2024.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/91/Internet_archive_website%2C_during_DOS_attack%2C_13th_October_2024.png/330px-Internet_archive_website%2C_during_DOS_attack%2C_13th_October_2024.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/91/Internet_archive_website%2C_during_DOS_attack%2C_13th_October_2024.png 2x" data-file-width="365" data-file-height="273" /></a><figcaption>Internet Archive main page showing partially available services</figcaption></figure> Beginning October 9, 2024, the Internet Archive's team, including archivist <a href="/wiki/Jason_Scott" title="Jason Scott">Jason Scott</a> and security researcher Scott Helme, confirmed DDoS attacks, site defacement, and a data breach. The purported <a href="/wiki/Hacktivism" title="Hacktivism">hacktivist</a> group SN_BLACKMETA again claimed responsibility.<a href="#cite_note-Bleep-50">[50]</a> A pop-up on the defaced site claimed that there was a "catastrophic" <a href="/wiki/Data_breach" title="Data breach">security breach</a>, stating "Have you ever felt like the Internet Archive runs on sticks and is constantly on the verge of suffering a catastrophic security breach? It just happened. See 31 million of you on <a href="/wiki/Have_I_Been_Pwned%3F" title="Have I Been Pwned?">HIBP</a>!"<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-WD-47">[47]</a> It was reported that about 31 million user accounts were affected, and compromised in a file called "ia_users.sql", dated September 28, 2024.<a href="#cite_note-Bleep-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> The attackers stole users' email addresses and <a href="/wiki/Bcrypt" title="Bcrypt">Bcrypt</a>-hashed passwords.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> As of October 15, 2024, the website was still mostly offline for "prioritizing keeping data safe at the expense of service availability."<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> On October 11, Kahle said that the data is safe, and will bring the service back to normal "in days, not weeks."<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> On October 13, the Wayback Machine was restored in a read-only format, while archiving web pages was temporarily disabled.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> On October 14, Brewster Kahle said "[the Wayback Machine] volume is back to normal: 1,500 requests per second".<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> On October 20, threat actors stole unrotated API tokens and breached Internet Archive on its <a href="/wiki/Zendesk" title="Zendesk">Zendesk</a> email support platform; they also claimed responsibility for the other breaches yet stated that SN_BLACKMETA was behind just the DDoS attacks.<a href="#cite_note-bc-abrams-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-forbes-daniel-61">[61]</a> On October 21, Internet Archive went back online in a read-only manner.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> On October 22, all Internet Archive services temporarily went offline,<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> but later that same day, only the Wayback Machine, Archive-It, and blog.archive.org were resumed.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] On October 23, archive.org, the Wayback Machine, Archive-It, and the Open Library services all resumed but with some features, such as logging in, still unavailable until the staff announced it back available in the next day or two.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> On October 25, the login feature is now back available for now and the site is active.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operations">Operations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Operations">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (May 2020)</div></td></tr></tbody></table><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Internet_Archive_-_Bibliotheca_Alexandrina.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Internet_Archive_-_Bibliotheca_Alexandrina.jpg/220px-Internet_Archive_-_Bibliotheca_Alexandrina.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Internet_Archive_-_Bibliotheca_Alexandrina.jpg/330px-Internet_Archive_-_Bibliotheca_Alexandrina.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Internet_Archive_-_Bibliotheca_Alexandrina.jpg/440px-Internet_Archive_-_Bibliotheca_Alexandrina.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption>Mirror of the Internet Archive in the <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_Alexandrina" title="Bibliotheca Alexandrina">Bibliotheca Alexandrina</a></figcaption></figure> The Archive is a <a href="/wiki/501(c)(3)_organization" title="501(c)(3) organization">501(c)(3)</a> nonprofit operating in the United States. In 2019, it had an annual budget of $37 million, derived from revenue from its Web crawling services, various partnerships, grants, donations, and the <a href="/wiki/Brewster_Kahle" title="Brewster Kahle">Kahle-Austin Foundation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> The Internet Archive also manages periodic funding campaigns. For instance, a December 2019 campaign had a goal of reaching $6 million in donations.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> It uses <a href="/wiki/Ubuntu" title="Ubuntu">Ubuntu</a> as its choice of <a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating system</a> for the website servers.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Internet-archive-brewster-kahle-2013-0329.webm/220px-seek%3D20-Internet-archive-brewster-kahle-2013-0329.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="148" data-mwtitle="Internet-archive-brewster-kahle-2013-0329.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Internet-archive-brewster-kahle-2013-0329.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/Internet-archive-brewster-kahle-2013-0329.webm/Internet-archive-brewster-kahle-2013-0329.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Internet-archive-brewster-kahle-2013-0329.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="960" data-height="540" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/Internet-archive-brewster-kahle-2013-0329.webm/Internet-archive-brewster-kahle-2013-0329.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/Internet-archive-brewster-kahle-2013-0329.webm/Internet-archive-brewster-kahle-2013-0329.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/Internet-archive-brewster-kahle-2013-0329.webm/Internet-archive-brewster-kahle-2013-0329.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a9/Internet-archive-brewster-kahle-2013-0329.webm/Internet-archive-brewster-kahle-2013-0329.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AInternet-archive-brewster-kahle-2013-0329.webm&lang=de&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="de" label="Deutsch ‪(de)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AInternet-archive-brewster-kahle-2013-0329.webm&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AInternet-archive-brewster-kahle-2013-0329.webm&lang=fr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="fr" label="français ‪(fr)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></video><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Brewster_Kahle" title="Brewster Kahle">Brewster Kahle</a> of the Internet Archive talks about archiving operations</figcaption></figure> The Archive is headquartered in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, California. From 1996 to 2009, its headquarters were in the <a href="/wiki/Presidio_of_San_Francisco" title="Presidio of San Francisco">Presidio of San Francisco</a>, a former U.S. military base. Since 2009, its headquarters have been at 300 Funston Avenue in San Francisco, a former <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Church_of_Christ,_Scientist_(San_Francisco,_California)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fourth Church of Christ, Scientist (San Francisco, California)">Christian Science Church</a>. At one time, most of its staff worked in its <a href="/wiki/Book_scanning" title="Book scanning">book-scanning</a> centers; as of 2019, scanning is performed by 100 paid operators worldwide.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> The Archive also has <a href="/wiki/Data_center" title="Data center">data centers</a> in three Californian cities: San Francisco, <a href="/wiki/Redwood_City,_California" title="Redwood City, California">Redwood City</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_California" title="Richmond, California">Richmond</a>. To reduce the risk of data loss, the Archive creates copies of parts of its collection at more distant locations, including the <a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_Alexandrina" title="Bibliotheca Alexandrina">Bibliotheca Alexandrina</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> in <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> and a facility in <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a>.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> The Archive is a member of the <a href="/wiki/International_Internet_Preservation_Consortium" title="International Internet Preservation Consortium">International Internet Preservation Consortium</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> and was officially designated as a library by the state of California in 2007.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Web_archiving">Web archiving</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Web archiving">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Web_archiving" title="Web archiving">Web archiving</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wayback_Machine">Wayback Machine</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Wayback Machine">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wayback_Machine_logo_2010.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Wayback_Machine_logo_2010.svg/220px-Wayback_Machine_logo_2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Wayback_Machine_logo_2010.svg/330px-Wayback_Machine_logo_2010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Wayback_Machine_logo_2010.svg/440px-Wayback_Machine_logo_2010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="890" data-file-height="323" /></a><figcaption>Wayback Machine logo, used since 2001</figcaption></figure>The <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> is a service that allows archives of the World Wide Web to be searched and accessed.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> It can be used to see what previous versions of web sites used to look like or to visit web sites that no longer even exist. The Wayback Machine was created as a joint effort between <a href="/wiki/Alexa_Internet" title="Alexa Internet">Alexa Internet</a> (owned by <a href="/wiki/Amazon.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon.com">Amazon.com</a>) and the Internet Archive.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> Hundreds of billions of web sites and their associated data (images, source code, documents, etc.) are saved in a database. As of September 5, 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit">[update]</a>, the Internet Archive held over 866 billion web pages, more than 42.5 million print materials, 13 million videos, 3 million TV news, 1.2 million software programs, 14 million audio files, 5 million images, and 272,660 concerts in its Wayback Machine.<a href="#cite_note-Archive2024-5">[5]</a><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Internet_Archive_servers_5034_-_Jason_Scott.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Internet_Archive_servers_5034_-_Jason_Scott.jpg/220px-Internet_Archive_servers_5034_-_Jason_Scott.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Internet_Archive_servers_5034_-_Jason_Scott.jpg/330px-Internet_Archive_servers_5034_-_Jason_Scott.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Internet_Archive_servers_5034_-_Jason_Scott.jpg/440px-Internet_Archive_servers_5034_-_Jason_Scott.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Server_(computing)" title="Server (computing)">Servers</a> at the Internet Archive headquarters in San Francisco</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Incoming_additional_storage_at_Internet_Archive.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Incoming_additional_storage_at_Internet_Archive.jpg/220px-Incoming_additional_storage_at_Internet_Archive.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Incoming_additional_storage_at_Internet_Archive.jpg/330px-Incoming_additional_storage_at_Internet_Archive.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Incoming_additional_storage_at_Internet_Archive.jpg/440px-Incoming_additional_storage_at_Internet_Archive.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Disk_enclosure#Hard_drive_shucking" title="Disk enclosure">purchase of additional storage</a> at the Internet Archive</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Archive-It">Archive-It</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Archive-It">edit</a>]</div> Created in early 2006, Archive-It<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> is a web archiving subscription service that allows institutions and individuals to build and preserve collections of digital content and create digital archives. Archive-It allows the user to customize their capture or exclusion of web content they want to preserve for cultural heritage reasons. Through a web application, Archive-It partners can harvest, catalog, manage, browse, search, and view their archived collections.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> In terms of accessibility, the archived web sites are full text searchable within seven days of capture.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> Content collected through Archive-It is captured and stored as a <a href="/wiki/WARC_(file_format)" title="WARC (file format)">WARC file</a>. A primary and back-up copy is stored at the Internet Archive data centers. A copy of the WARC file can be given to subscribing partner institutions for geo-redundant preservation and storage purposes to their best practice standards.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> Periodically, the data captured through Archive-It is indexed into the Internet Archive's general archive. As of March 2014<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit">[update]</a>, Archive-It had more than 275 partner institutions in 46 U.S. states and 16 countries that have captured more than 7.4 billion URLs for more than 2,444 public collections.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Archive-It partners are universities and college libraries, state archives, federal institutions, museums, law libraries, and cultural organizations, including the <a href="/wiki/Electronic_Literature_Organization" title="Electronic Literature Organization">Electronic Literature Organization</a>, North Carolina State Archives and Library, <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_American_University_in_Cairo" class="mw-redirect" title="The American University in Cairo">American University in Cairo</a>, Georgetown Law Library, and many others.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Internet_Archive_Scholar">Internet Archive Scholar</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Internet Archive Scholar">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive_Scholar" title="Internet Archive Scholar">Internet Archive Scholar</a></div> In September 2020, Internet Archive announced a new initiative to archive and preserve <a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access">open access</a> academic journals, called <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive_Scholar" title="Internet Archive Scholar">Internet Archive Scholar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> Its full-text search index includes over 25 million research articles and other scholarly documents preserved in the Internet Archive. The collection spans from digitized copies of eighteenth century journals through the latest open access conference proceedings and pre-prints crawled from the World Wide Web.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_Index">General Index</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: General Index">edit</a>]</div> In 2021, the Internet Archive announced the initial version of the <a href="/wiki/General_Index_(academia)" title="General Index (academia)">General Index</a>, a publicly available <a href="/wiki/Index_(publishing)" title="Index (publishing)">index</a> to a collection of 107 million academic <a href="/wiki/Article_(publishing)" title="Article (publishing)">journal articles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:02-85">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Items_and_collections">Items and collections</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Items and collections">edit</a>]</div> The Archive stores <a href="/wiki/Computer_file" title="Computer file">files</a> inside so-called items, which are similar to <a href="/wiki/Directory_(computing)" title="Directory (computing)">directories</a> in that they can contain multiple files, but can have additional <a href="/wiki/Metadata" title="Metadata">metadata</a> such as a description and tags which make them more searchable. Some file types can be previewed directly on the site, where as others have to be downloaded in order to be opened. If multiple multimedia files exist in an item, the website generates a playlist for video or audio files, or a slide show for pictures. If an item contains at least one video or picture, the Archive generates a preview <a href="/wiki/Thumbnail" title="Thumbnail">thumbnail</a> that can be seen on collection pages and in searches. Items can contain mixed data such as music files with an album cover picture, in which case the picture is used as thumbnail.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> Staff members of the Internet Archive organize items by placing them into so-called collections, which are pages listing multiple items.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Book_collections">Book collections</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Book collections">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Text_collection">Text collection</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Text collection">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Scribe_Machine_Acquisition_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Scribe_Machine_Acquisition_3.jpg/220px-Scribe_Machine_Acquisition_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Scribe_Machine_Acquisition_3.jpg/330px-Scribe_Machine_Acquisition_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Scribe_Machine_Acquisition_3.jpg/440px-Scribe_Machine_Acquisition_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>Internet Archive "Scribe" <a href="/wiki/Book_scanning" title="Book scanning">book scanning</a> workstation</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_Real_Page-Turner.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/A_Real_Page-Turner.jpg/220px-A_Real_Page-Turner.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/A_Real_Page-Turner.jpg/330px-A_Real_Page-Turner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/A_Real_Page-Turner.jpg/440px-A_Real_Page-Turner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>An Internet Archive in-house scan ongoing</figcaption></figure> The scanning performed by the Internet Archive is financially supported by libraries and foundations.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> As of November 2008<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit">[update]</a>, when there were approximately 1 million texts, the entire collection was greater than 500 terabytes, which included raw camera images, cropped and skewed images, <a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDFs</a>, and raw <a href="/wiki/Optical_character_recognition" title="Optical character recognition">OCR</a> data.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> As of July 2013<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit">[update]</a>, the Internet Archive was operating 33 <a href="/wiki/Book_scanning" title="Book scanning">scanning centers</a> in five countries, digitizing about 1,000 books a day for a total of more than 2 million books, in a total collection of 4.4 million books – including material digitized by others and fed into the Internet Archive; at that time, users were performing more than 15 million downloads per month.<a href="#cite_note-Hoffelder2013-94">[94]</a> The material digitized by others includes more than 300,000 books that were contributed to the collection, between about 2006 and 2008, by <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> through its <a href="/wiki/Live_Search_Books" title="Live Search Books">Live Search Books</a> project, which also included financial support and scanning equipment directly donated to the Internet Archive.<a href="#cite_note-msdown-95">[95]</a> On May 23, 2008, Microsoft announced it would be ending its Live Book Search project and would no longer be scanning books, donating its remaining scanning equipment to its former partners.<a href="#cite_note-msdown-95">[95]</a> Around October 2007, Archive users began uploading <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> books from <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Book Search</a>.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> As of November 2013<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit">[update]</a>, there were more than 900,000 Google-digitized books in the Archive's collection;<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> the books are identical to the copies found on Google, except without the Google watermarks, and are available for unrestricted use and download.<a href="#cite_note-98">[a]</a> Brewster Kahle revealed in 2013 that this archival effort was coordinated by <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Swartz" title="Aaron Swartz">Aaron Swartz</a>, who, with a "bunch of friends", downloaded the public domain books from Google slowly enough and from enough computers to stay within Google's restrictions. They did this to ensure public access to the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>. The Archive ensured the items were attributed and linked back to Google, which never complained, while libraries "grumbled". According to Kahle, this is an example of Swartz's "genius" to work on what could give the most to the public good for millions of people.<a href="#cite_note-kahle-aswmem-99">[98]</a> In addition to books, the Archive offers free and anonymous public access to more than four million court opinions, legal briefs, or exhibits uploaded from the <a href="/wiki/Federal_judiciary_of_the_United_States" title="Federal judiciary of the United States">United States Federal Courts</a>' <a href="/wiki/PACER_(law)" title="PACER (law)">PACER</a> electronic document system via the <a href="/wiki/RECAP" class="mw-redirect" title="RECAP">RECAP</a> web browser plugin. These documents had been kept behind a federal court paywall. On the Archive, they had been accessed by more than six million people by 2013.<a href="#cite_note-kahle-aswmem-99">[98]</a> The Archive's BookReader <a href="/wiki/Web_application" title="Web application">web app</a>,<a href="#cite_note-BookReader-100">[99]</a> built into its website, has features such as single-page, two-page, and <a href="/wiki/Thumbnail" title="Thumbnail">thumbnail</a> modes; fullscreen mode; <a href="/wiki/Page_zooming" title="Page zooming">page zooming</a> of <a href="/wiki/Image_resolution" title="Image resolution">high-resolution</a> images; and <a href="/wiki/Flip_page" title="Flip page">flip page</a> animation.<a href="#cite_note-BookReader-100">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-101">[100]</a> In October 2024, the Internet Archive struck a deal with the <a href="/wiki/Leiden_University_Library" title="Leiden University Library">Leiden University Library</a> to accept the paper copies of 400,000 uncatalogued foreign dissertations held at the Library that were to be pulped – with a view to digitising them and making them accessible online. The collection includes theses by <a href="/wiki/Niels_Bohr" title="Niels Bohr">Niels Bohr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">Marie Curie</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Durkheim" title="Émile Durkheim">Émile Durkheim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otto_Hahn" title="Otto Hahn">Otto Hahn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Jung" title="Carl Jung">Carl Jung</a>, <a href="/wiki/J._Robert_Oppenheimer" title="J. Robert Oppenheimer">J. Robert Oppenheimer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Max Planck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Pirandello" title="Luigi Pirandello">Luigi Pirandello</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Stresemann" title="Gustav Stresemann">Gustav Stresemann</a> and <a href="/wiki/Max_Weber" title="Max Weber">Max Weber</a>.<a href="#cite_note-102">[101]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Open_Library">Open Library</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Open Library">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">Open Library</a></div> The Open Library is another project of the Internet Archive. The project seeks to include a web page for every book ever published: it holds 25 million catalog records of editions. It also seeks to be a web-accessible public library: it contains the full texts of approximately 1,600,000 public domain books (out of the more than five million from the main <a href="#Text_collection">texts collection</a>), as well as in-print and in-copyright books,<a href="#cite_note-103">[102]</a> many of which are fully readable, downloadable<a href="#cite_note-104">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[104]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Full-text_search" title="Full-text search">full-text searchable</a>;<a href="#cite_note-106">[105]</a> it offers a two-week loan of <a href="/wiki/Ebook" title="Ebook">e-books</a> in its <a href="/wiki/Controlled_digital_lending" title="Controlled digital lending">controlled digital lending</a> program for over 647,784 books not in the public domain, in partnership with over 1,000 library partners from six countries<a href="#cite_note-Hoffelder2013-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a> after a free registration on the web site. Open Library is a <a href="/wiki/Free_and_open-source_software" title="Free and open-source software">free and open-source software</a> project, with its source code freely available on <a href="/wiki/GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a>. The Open Library faces objections from some authors and the <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Authors" title="Society of Authors">Society of Authors</a>, who hold that the project is distributing books without authorization and is thus in violation of copyright laws,<a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a> and four major publishers initiated a copyright infringement lawsuit against the Internet Archive in June 2020 to stop the Open Library project.<a href="#cite_note-open_library_lawsuit-109">[108]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Digitizing_sponsors_for_books">Digitizing sponsors for books</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Digitizing sponsors for books">edit</a>]</div> Many large institutional sponsors have helped the Internet Archive provide millions of scanned publications (text items).<a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a> Some sponsors that have digitized large quantities of texts include the University of Toronto's <a href="/wiki/Robarts_Library" title="Robarts Library">Robarts Library</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Alberta_Libraries" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Alberta Libraries">University of Alberta Libraries</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Ottawa" title="University of Ottawa">University of Ottawa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston_Library_Consortium" title="Boston Library Consortium">Boston Library Consortium</a> member libraries, <a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Library" title="Boston Public Library">Boston Public Library</a>, <a href="/wiki/Princeton_Theological_Seminary_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Princeton Theological Seminary Library">Princeton Theological Seminary Library</a>, and many others.<a href="#cite_note-111">[110]</a> In 2017, the <a href="/wiki/MIT_Press" title="MIT Press">MIT Press</a> authorized the Internet Archive to digitize and lend books from the press's <a href="/wiki/Backlist" title="Backlist">backlist</a>,<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a> with financial support from the <a href="/wiki/Arcadia_Fund" title="Arcadia Fund">Arcadia Fund</a>.<a href="#cite_note-113">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[113]</a> A year later, the Internet Archive received further funding from the Arcadia Fund to invite some other university presses to partner with the Internet Archive to digitize books, a project called "Unlocking University Press Books".<a href="#cite_note-115">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[115]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> created numerous <a href="/wiki/Handle_System" title="Handle System">Handle System</a> identifiers that pointed to free digitized books in the Internet Archive.<a href="#cite_note-117">[116]</a> The Internet Archive and Open Library are listed on the Library of Congress website as a source of e-books.<a href="#cite_note-118">[117]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media_collections">Media collections</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Media collections">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Media_reader_at_Internet_Archive.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Media_reader_at_Internet_Archive.jpg/220px-Media_reader_at_Internet_Archive.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Media_reader_at_Internet_Archive.jpg/330px-Media_reader_at_Internet_Archive.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Media_reader_at_Internet_Archive.jpg/440px-Media_reader_at_Internet_Archive.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>Media reader</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Unrelated_Microfilm.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Unrelated_Microfilm.jpg/220px-Unrelated_Microfilm.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Unrelated_Microfilm.jpg/330px-Unrelated_Microfilm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Unrelated_Microfilm.jpg/440px-Unrelated_Microfilm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Microfilms at the Internet Archive</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Videocassettes_and_VCRs_at_Internet_Archive.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Videocassettes_and_VCRs_at_Internet_Archive.jpg/220px-Videocassettes_and_VCRs_at_Internet_Archive.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Videocassettes_and_VCRs_at_Internet_Archive.jpg/330px-Videocassettes_and_VCRs_at_Internet_Archive.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Videocassettes_and_VCRs_at_Internet_Archive.jpg/440px-Videocassettes_and_VCRs_at_Internet_Archive.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Videocassette" class="mw-redirect" title="Videocassette">Videocassettes</a> at the Internet Archive</figcaption></figure> In addition to web archives, the Internet Archive maintains extensive collections of digital media that are attested by the uploader to be in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> in the United States or licensed under a license that allows redistribution, such as <a href="/wiki/Creative_Commons" title="Creative Commons">Creative Commons</a> licenses.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Media are organized into collections by media type (moving images, audio, text, etc.), and into sub-collections by various criteria. Each of the main collections includes a "Community" sub-collection (formerly named "Open Source") where general contributions by the public are stored.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Audio">Audio</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Audio">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Audio_Archive">Audio Archive</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Audio Archive">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Sound_archive" title="Sound archive">Audio Archive</a> includes music, <a href="/wiki/Audiobook" title="Audiobook">audiobooks</a>, news broadcasts, <a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Radio" title="Golden Age of Radio">old time radio</a> shows, <a href="/wiki/Podcasts" class="mw-redirect" title="Podcasts">podcasts</a>, and a wide variety of other audio files. As of January 2023<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit">[update]</a>, there are more than 15,000,000 free <a href="/wiki/Digital_recording" title="Digital recording">digital recordings</a> in the collection. The subcollections include audio books and poetry, podcasts, non-English audio, and many others.<a href="#cite_note-119">[118]</a> The sound collections are curated by <a href="/wiki/B._George" title="B. George">B. George</a>, director of the <a href="/wiki/ARChive_of_Contemporary_Music" title="ARChive of Contemporary Music">ARChive of Contemporary Music</a>.<a href="#cite_note-WP-120">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Digital_Library_of_Amateur_Radio_and_Communications">Digital Library of Amateur Radio and Communications</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Digital Library of Amateur Radio and Communications">edit</a>]</div> A project to preserve recordings of amateur radio transmissions, with funding from the Amateur Radio Digital Communications foundation.<a href="#cite_note-121">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[121]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Live_Music_Archive">Live Music Archive</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Live Music Archive">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Live_Music_Archive" title="Live Music Archive">Live Music Archive</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/Live_Music_Archive" title="Live Music Archive">Live Music Archive</a> sub-collection includes more than 170,000 concert recordings from independent musicians, as well as more established artists and musical ensembles with permissive rules about recording their concerts, such as the <a href="/wiki/Grateful_Dead" title="Grateful Dead">Grateful Dead</a>, and more recently, <a href="/wiki/The_Smashing_Pumpkins" title="The Smashing Pumpkins">The Smashing Pumpkins</a>. Also, <a href="/wiki/Jordan_Zevon" title="Jordan Zevon">Jordan Zevon</a> has allowed the Internet Archive to host a definitive collection of his father <a href="/wiki/Warren_Zevon" title="Warren Zevon">Warren Zevon</a>'s concert recordings. The Zevon collection ranges from 1976 to 2001 and contains 126 concerts including 1,137 songs.<a href="#cite_note-123">[122]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_Great_78_Project">The Great 78 Project</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: The Great 78 Project">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Great_78_Project" title="The Great 78 Project">The Great 78 Project</a></div> <a href="/wiki/The_Great_78_Project" title="The Great 78 Project">The Great 78 Project</a> aims to digitize 250,000 <a href="/wiki/78_rpm" class="mw-redirect" title="78 rpm">78 rpm</a> singles (500,000 songs) from the period between 1880 and 1960, donated by various collectors and institutions. It has been developed in collaboration with the Archive of Contemporary Music and George Blood Audio, responsible for the audio digitization.<a href="#cite_note-WP-120">[119]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Netlabels">Netlabels</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Netlabels">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Netlabel" title="Netlabel">Netlabel</a>.</div> The Archive has a collection of freely distributable music that is streamed and available for download via its Netlabels service. The music in this collection generally has Creative Commons-license catalogs of virtual record labels.<a href="#cite_note-124">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-lifehacker_free_music-125">[124]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Images_collection">Images collection</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Images collection">edit</a>]</div> This collection contains more than 3.5 million items.<a href="#cite_note-126">[125]</a> <a href="/wiki/MusicBrainz#Cover_Art_Archive" title="MusicBrainz">Cover Art Archive</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a> – Gallery Images, NASA Images, <a href="/wiki/Occupy_Wall_Street" title="Occupy Wall Street">Occupy Wall Street</a> <a href="/wiki/Flickr" title="Flickr">Flickr</a> Archive, and <a href="/wiki/Libre_Map_Project" title="Libre Map Project">USGS Maps</a> are some sub-collections of Image collection.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cover_Art_Archive">Cover Art Archive</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Cover Art Archive">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cover_Art_Archive_Logo_with_text_(2020).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Cover_Art_Archive_Logo_with_text_%282020%29.svg/220px-Cover_Art_Archive_Logo_with_text_%282020%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Cover_Art_Archive_Logo_with_text_%282020%29.svg/330px-Cover_Art_Archive_Logo_with_text_%282020%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Cover_Art_Archive_Logo_with_text_%282020%29.svg/440px-Cover_Art_Archive_Logo_with_text_%282020%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="97" /></a><figcaption>Logo of Cover Art Archive</figcaption></figure> The Cover Art Archive is a joint project between the Internet Archive and <a href="/wiki/MusicBrainz" title="MusicBrainz">MusicBrainz</a>, whose goal is to make cover art images on the Internet. As of April 2021,<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit">[update]</a> this collection contains more than 1,400,000 items.<a href="#cite_note-127">[126]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art_images">Metropolitan Museum of Art images</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Metropolitan Museum of Art images">edit</a>]</div> The images of this collection are from the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>. This collection contains more than 140,000 items.<a href="#cite_note-128">[127]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="NASA_Images">NASA Images</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: NASA Images">edit</a>]</div> The NASA Images archive was created through a <a href="/wiki/Space_Act_Agreement" title="Space Act Agreement">Space Act Agreement</a> between the Internet Archive and NASA to bring public access to NASA's image, video, and audio collections in a single, searchable resource. The Internet Archive NASA Images team worked closely with all of the NASA centers to keep adding to the ever-growing collection.<a href="#cite_note-129">[128]</a> The nasaimages.org site launched in July 2008 and had more than 100,000 items online at the end of its hosting in 2012. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Occupy_Wall_Street_Flickr_archive">Occupy Wall Street Flickr archive</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Occupy Wall Street Flickr archive">edit</a>]</div> This collection contains <a href="/wiki/Creative_Commons" title="Creative Commons">Creative Commons</a>-licensed photographs from Flickr related to the <a href="/wiki/Occupy_Wall_Street" title="Occupy Wall Street">Occupy Wall Street</a> movement. This collection contains more than 15,000 items.<a href="#cite_note-130">[129]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="USGS_Maps">USGS Maps</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: USGS Maps">edit</a>]</div> This collection contains more than 59,000 items from <a href="/wiki/Libre_Map_Project" title="Libre Map Project">Libre Map Project</a>.<a href="#cite_note-131">[130]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Machinima_Archive">Machinima Archive</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Machinima Archive">edit</a>]</div> One of the sub-collections of the Internet Archive's Video Archive is the <a href="/wiki/Machinima" title="Machinima">Machinima</a> Archive. This small section hosts many Machinima videos. Machinima is a digital artform in which <a href="/wiki/PC_game" title="PC game">computer games</a>, <a href="/wiki/Game_engine" title="Game engine">game engines</a>, or software engines are used in a sandbox-like mode to create motion pictures, recreate plays, or even publish presentations or keynotes. The archive collects a range of Machinima films from internet publishers such as <a href="/wiki/Rooster_Teeth" title="Rooster Teeth">Rooster Teeth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Machinima,_Inc." title="Machinima, Inc.">Machinima.com</a> as well as independent producers. The sub-collection is a collaborative effort among the Internet Archive, the How They Got Game research project at Stanford University, the Academy of Machinima Arts and Sciences, and Machinima.com.<a href="#cite_note-132">[131]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Microfilm_collection">Microfilm collection</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Microfilm collection">edit</a>]</div> This collection contains approximately 160,000 <a href="/wiki/Microform" title="Microform">microfilmed</a> items from a variety of libraries including the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago#Library_system" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago Libraries</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois_at_Urbana%E2%80%93Champaign" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign">University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Alberta" title="University of Alberta">University of Alberta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allen_County_Public_Library" title="Allen County Public Library">Allen County Public Library</a>, and <a href="/wiki/National_Technical_Information_Service" title="National Technical Information Service">National Technical Information Service</a>.<a href="#cite_note-133">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-134">[133]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Moving_image_collection">Moving image collection</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Moving image collection">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Template:Internet_Archive_film" title="Special:WhatLinksHere/Template:Internet Archive film">Wikipedia list of films freely available on the Internet Archive</a></div> The Internet Archive holds a collection of approximately 3,863 feature films.<a href="#cite_note-135">[134]</a> Additionally, the Internet Archive's Moving Image collection includes: <a href="/wiki/Newsreel" title="Newsreel">newsreels</a>, classic <a href="/wiki/Cartoon" title="Cartoon">cartoons</a>, pro- and anti-war <a href="/wiki/Propaganda" title="Propaganda">propaganda</a>, The Video Cellar Collection, Skip Elsheimer's "A.V. Geeks" collection, early television, and ephemeral material from <a href="/wiki/Prelinger_Archives" title="Prelinger Archives">Prelinger Archives</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Advertising" title="Advertising">advertising</a>, educational, and industrial films, as well as amateur and home movie collections.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Subcategories of this collection include: <ul><li>IA's <a href="/wiki/Brickfilm" title="Brickfilm">Brick Films</a> collection, which contains <a href="/wiki/Stop_motion" title="Stop motion">stop-motion</a> animation filmed with <a href="/wiki/Lego" title="Lego">Lego</a> bricks, some of which are "remakes" of feature films.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</li> <li>IA's Election 2004 collection, a non-partisan public resource for sharing video materials related to the <a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">2004 United States presidential election</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</li> <li>IA's FedFlix collection, Joint Venture NTIS-1832 between the National Technical Information Service and Public.Resource.Org that features "the best movies of the United States Government, from training films to history, from our national parks to the <a href="/wiki/National_Fire_Academy" title="National Fire Academy">U.S. Fire Academy</a> and the Postal Inspectors"<a href="#cite_note-136">[135]</a></li> <li>IA's Independent News collection, which includes sub-collections such as the Internet Archive's World At War competition from 2001, in which contestants created short films demonstrating "why access to history matters". Among their most-downloaded video files are eyewitness recordings of the devastating <a href="/wiki/2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake_and_tsunami" title="2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami">2004 Indian Ocean earthquake</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>]</li> <li>IA's September 11 Television Archive, which contains archival footage from the world's major television networks of the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">terrorist attacks</a> of September 11, 2001, as they unfolded on live television.<a href="#cite_note-137">[136]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Open_Educational_Resources">Open Educational Resources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Open Educational Resources">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Open_educational_resources" title="Open educational resources">Open educational resources</a></div> Open Educational Resources is a digital collection at archive.org. This collection contains hundreds of free courses, video lectures, and supplemental materials from universities in the United States and <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>. The contributors of this collection are <a href="/wiki/ArsDigita_University" class="mw-redirect" title="ArsDigita University">ArsDigita University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hewlett_Foundation" title="Hewlett Foundation">Hewlett Foundation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</a>, <a href="/wiki/Middlebury_Institute_of_International_Studies_at_Monterey" title="Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey">Monterey Institute</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Naropa_University" title="Naropa University">Naropa University</a>.<a href="#cite_note-138">[137]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="TV_News_Search_&_Borrow">TV News Search & Borrow</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: TV News Search & Borrow">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TV_tuners_at_the_Internet_Archive.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/TV_tuners_at_the_Internet_Archive.jpg/220px-TV_tuners_at_the_Internet_Archive.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/TV_tuners_at_the_Internet_Archive.jpg/330px-TV_tuners_at_the_Internet_Archive.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/TV_tuners_at_the_Internet_Archive.jpg/440px-TV_tuners_at_the_Internet_Archive.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>TV tuners at the Internet Archive</figcaption></figure> In September 2012, the Internet Archive launched the TV News Search & Borrow service for searching U.S. national news programs.<a href="#cite_note-139">[138]</a> The service is built on closed captioning transcripts and allows users to search and stream 30-second video clips. Upon launch, the service contained "350,000 news programs collected over 3 years from national U.S. networks and stations in San Francisco and Washington D.C."<a href="#cite_note-140">[139]</a> According to Kahle, the service was inspired by the <a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_Television_News_Archive" title="Vanderbilt Television News Archive">Vanderbilt Television News Archive</a>, a similar library of televised network news programs.<a href="#cite_note-141">[140]</a> In contrast to Vanderbilt, which limits access to streaming video to individuals associated with subscribing colleges and universities, the TV News Search & Borrow allows open access to its streaming video clips. In 2013, the Archive received an additional donation of "approximately 40,000 well-organized tapes" from the estate of a <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> woman, <a href="/wiki/Marion_Stokes" title="Marion Stokes">Marion Stokes</a>. Stokes "had recorded more than 35 years of TV news in Philadelphia and <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> with her <a href="/wiki/VHS" title="VHS">VHS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Betamax" title="Betamax">Betamax</a> machines."<a href="#cite_note-142">[141]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Miscellaneous_collections">Miscellaneous collections</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Miscellaneous collections">edit</a>]</div> Brooklyn Museum collection contains approximately 3,000 items from <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Museum" title="Brooklyn Museum">Brooklyn Museum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-143">[142]</a> In December 2020, the film research library of <a href="/wiki/Lillian_Michelson" title="Lillian Michelson">Lillian Michelson</a> was donated to the archive.<a href="#cite_note-144">[143]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_services_and_endeavors">Other services and endeavors</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Other services and endeavors">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Physical_media">Physical media</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Physical media">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vintage_wall_intercom_at_Internet_Archive.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Vintage_wall_intercom_at_Internet_Archive.jpg/220px-Vintage_wall_intercom_at_Internet_Archive.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Vintage_wall_intercom_at_Internet_Archive.jpg/330px-Vintage_wall_intercom_at_Internet_Archive.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Vintage_wall_intercom_at_Internet_Archive.jpg/440px-Vintage_wall_intercom_at_Internet_Archive.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>A vintage wall intercom, an example of another "archived" item</figcaption></figure> Voicing a strong reaction to the idea of books simply being thrown away, and inspired by the <a href="/wiki/Svalbard_Global_Seed_Vault" title="Svalbard Global Seed Vault">Svalbard Global Seed Vault</a>, Kahle now envisions collecting one copy of every book ever published. "We're not going to get there, but that's our goal", he said. Alongside the books, Kahle plans to store the Internet Archive's old servers, which were replaced in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-145">[144]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Software">Software</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Software">edit</a>]</div> The Internet Archive has "the largest collection of historical software online in the world", spanning 50 years of <a href="/wiki/History_of_computing_hardware" title="History of computing hardware">computer history</a> in <a href="/wiki/Terabyte" class="mw-redirect" title="Terabyte">terabytes</a> of computer magazines and journals, books, <a href="/wiki/Shareware" title="Shareware">shareware</a> discs, FTP sites, <a href="/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">video games</a>, etc. The Internet Archive has created an archive of what it describes as "vintage software", as a way to preserve them.<a href="#cite_note-146">[145]</a> The project advocated an exemption from the United States <a href="/wiki/Digital_Millennium_Copyright_Act" title="Digital Millennium Copyright Act">Digital Millennium Copyright Act</a> to permit them to bypass <a href="/wiki/Copy_protection" title="Copy protection">copy protection</a>, which the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Copyright_Office" title="United States Copyright Office">United States Copyright Office</a> approved in 2003 for a period of three years.<a href="#cite_note-147">[146]</a> The Archive does not offer the software for download, as the exemption is solely "for the purpose of preservation or archival reproduction of published digital works by a library or archive."<a href="#cite_note-148">[147]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> renewed the exemption in 2006, and in 2009 indefinitely extended it pending further rulemakings.<a href="#cite_note-149">[148]</a> The Library reiterated the exemption as a "Final Rule" with no expiration date in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-75_fr_43825-150">[149]</a> In 2013, the Internet Archive began to provide select video games <a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">browser</a>-playable via <a href="/wiki/Multi_Emulator_Super_System" title="Multi Emulator Super System">MESS</a>, for instance the <a href="/wiki/Atari_2600" title="Atari 2600">Atari 2600</a> game <a href="/wiki/E.T._the_Extra-Terrestrial_(video_game)" title="E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (video game)">E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial</a>.<a href="#cite_note-151">[150]</a> Since December 23, 2014, the Internet Archive presents, via a browser-based <a href="/wiki/DOSBox" title="DOSBox">DOSBox</a> emulation, thousands of <a href="/wiki/MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">DOS</a>/PC games<a href="#cite_note-152">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-153">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-155">[154]</a> for "scholarship and research purposes only".<a href="#cite_note-156">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-157">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-158">[157]</a> In November 2020, the Archive introduced a new emulator for <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Flash" title="Adobe Flash">Adobe Flash</a> called <a href="/wiki/Ruffle_(software)" title="Ruffle (software)">Ruffle</a>, and began archiving Flash animations and games ahead of the December 31, 2020, end-of-life for the Flash plugin across all computer systems.<a href="#cite_note-159">[158]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Table_Top_Scribe_System">Table Top Scribe System</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Table Top Scribe System">edit</a>]</div> A combined hardware software system has been developed that performs a safe method of digitizing content.<a href="#cite_note-ttscribe1-160">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-LinuxsSavesCongress-161">[160]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Credit_Union">Credit Union</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Credit Union">edit</a>]</div> From 2012 to November 2015, the Internet Archive operated the Internet Archive Federal Credit Union, a <a href="/wiki/Federal_credit_union" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal credit union">federal credit union</a> based in <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick,_New_Jersey" title="New Brunswick, New Jersey">New Brunswick, New Jersey</a>, with the goal of providing access to low- and middle-income people. Throughout its short existence, the IAFCU experienced significant conflicts with the <a href="/wiki/National_Credit_Union_Administration" title="National Credit Union Administration">National Credit Union Administration</a>, which severely limited the IAFCU's loan portfolio and concerns over serving <a href="/wiki/Bitcoin" title="Bitcoin">Bitcoin</a> firms. At the time of its dissolution, it consisted of 395 members and was worth $2.5 million.<a href="#cite_note-162">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-163">[162]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decentralization">Decentralization</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Decentralization">edit</a>]</div> Since 2019,<a href="#cite_note-164">[163]</a> the Internet Archive organizes an event called Decentralized Web Camp (DWeb Camp). It is an annual camp that brings together a diverse global community of contributors in a natural setting. The camp aims to tackle real-world challenges facing the web and co-create decentralized technologies for a better internet. It aims to foster collaboration, learning, and fun while promoting principles of trust, human agency, mutual respect, and ecological awareness.<a href="#cite_note-165">[164]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wayforward_Machine">Wayforward Machine</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Wayforward Machine">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wayforward_Machine_screenshot.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/Wayforward_Machine_screenshot.png/220px-Wayforward_Machine_screenshot.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/Wayforward_Machine_screenshot.png/330px-Wayforward_Machine_screenshot.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/Wayforward_Machine_screenshot.png/440px-Wayforward_Machine_screenshot.png 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="368" /></a><figcaption>Screenshot of viewing English Wikipedia on the Wayforward Machine</figcaption></figure> On 30 September 2021, as a part of its 25th anniversary celebration, Internet Archive launched the "Wayforward Machine", a <a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">satirical</a>, <a href="/wiki/Web_fiction" title="Web fiction">fictional website</a> covered with pop-ups asking for personal information. The site was intended to depict a <a href="/wiki/Fiction" title="Fiction">fictional</a> <a href="/wiki/Dystopia" title="Dystopia">dystopian</a> timeline of real-world events leading to such a future, such as the repeal of <a href="/wiki/Section_230" title="Section 230">Section 230</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Code" title="United States Code">United States Code</a> in 2022 and the introduction of advertising implants in 2041.<a href="#cite_note-166">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[166]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ceramic_archivists_collection">Ceramic archivists collection</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Ceramic archivists collection">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ceramic_Archivists_by_sculptor_Nuala_Creed_at_Internet_Archive.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Ceramic_Archivists_by_sculptor_Nuala_Creed_at_Internet_Archive.jpg/220px-Ceramic_Archivists_by_sculptor_Nuala_Creed_at_Internet_Archive.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Ceramic_Archivists_by_sculptor_Nuala_Creed_at_Internet_Archive.jpg/330px-Ceramic_Archivists_by_sculptor_Nuala_Creed_at_Internet_Archive.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Ceramic_Archivists_by_sculptor_Nuala_Creed_at_Internet_Archive.jpg/440px-Ceramic_Archivists_by_sculptor_Nuala_Creed_at_Internet_Archive.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ceramic" title="Ceramic">Ceramic</a> figures of Internet Archive employees</figcaption></figure> The Great Room of the Internet Archive features a collection of more than 100 <a href="/wiki/Ceramic_art" title="Ceramic art">ceramic figures</a> representing employees of the Internet Archive, with the 100th statue immortalizing <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Swartz" title="Aaron Swartz">Aaron Swartz</a>. This collection, inspired by the <a href="/wiki/Terracotta_Army" title="Terracotta Army">statues of the Xian warriors in China</a>, was commissioned by Brewster Kahle, sculpted by <a href="/wiki/Nuala_Creed" title="Nuala Creed">Nuala Creed</a>, and as of 2014, is ongoing.<a href="#cite_note-168">[167]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Artists_in_residence">Artists in residence</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Artists in residence">edit</a>]</div> The Internet Archive visual arts residency,<a href="#cite_note-169">[168]</a> organized by Amir Saber Esfahani, is designed to connect emerging and mid-career artists with the Archive's millions of collections and to show what is possible when open <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_information" title="Freedom of information">access to information</a> intersects with the arts. During this one-year residency, selected artists develop a body of work that responds to and utilizes the Archive's collections in their own practice.<a href="#cite_note-res2019-170">[169]</a> <ul><li>2019 Residency Artists: <a href="/wiki/Caleb_Duarte" title="Caleb Duarte">Caleb Duarte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Whitney_Lynn" title="Whitney Lynn">Whitney Lynn</a>, and Jeffrey Alan Scudder<a href="#cite_note-res2019-170">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[170]</a></li> <li>2018 Residency Artists: Mieke Marple, Chris Sollars, and <a href="/wiki/Taravat_Talepasand" title="Taravat Talepasand">Taravat Talepasand</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[171]</a></li> <li>2017 Residency Artists: Laura Kim, Jeremiah Jenkins, and Jenny Odell<a href="#cite_note-173">[172]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies,_legal_disputes,_and_activism">Controversies, legal disputes, and activism</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Controversies, legal disputes, and activism">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine#In_legal_evidence" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine § In legal evidence</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_main_hall_at_Internet_Archive_(2013).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/The_main_hall_at_Internet_Archive_%282013%29.jpg/220px-The_main_hall_at_Internet_Archive_%282013%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/The_main_hall_at_Internet_Archive_%282013%29.jpg/330px-The_main_hall_at_Internet_Archive_%282013%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/The_main_hall_at_Internet_Archive_%282013%29.jpg/440px-The_main_hall_at_Internet_Archive_%282013%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>The main hall of the current headquarters</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opposition_to_National_security_letters,_bills_and_settlements">Opposition to National security letters, bills and settlements</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Opposition to National security letters, bills and settlements">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:328px;max-width:328px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:162px;max-width:162px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:EFF-IA_National_security_letter.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/EFF-IA_National_security_letter.pdf/page1-160px-EFF-IA_National_security_letter.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/EFF-IA_National_security_letter.pdf/page1-240px-EFF-IA_National_security_letter.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/EFF-IA_National_security_letter.pdf/page1-320px-EFF-IA_National_security_letter.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1277" data-file-height="1652" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:162px;max-width:162px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/w/index.php?title=File:EFF-IA_National_security_letter.pdf&page=2" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/EFF-IA_National_security_letter.pdf/page2-160px-EFF-IA_National_security_letter.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/EFF-IA_National_security_letter.pdf/page2-240px-EFF-IA_National_security_letter.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/EFF-IA_National_security_letter.pdf/page2-320px-EFF-IA_National_security_letter.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1277" data-file-height="1652" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">A <a href="/wiki/National_security_letter" title="National security letter">national security letter</a> issued to the Internet Archive demanding information about a user</div></div></div></div> On May 8, 2008, it was revealed that the Internet Archive had successfully challenged an <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">FBI</a> <a href="/wiki/National_security_letter" title="National security letter">national security letter</a> asking for logs on an undisclosed user.<a href="#cite_note-174">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-175">[174]</a> On November 28, 2016, it was revealed that a second FBI national security letter had been successfully challenged that had been asking for logs on another undisclosed user.<a href="#cite_note-176">[175]</a> The Internet Archive blacked out its web site for 12 hours on January 18, 2012, in protest of the <a href="/wiki/Stop_Online_Piracy_Act" title="Stop Online Piracy Act">Stop Online Piracy Act</a> and the <a href="/wiki/PROTECT_IP_Act" title="PROTECT IP Act">PROTECT IP Act</a> <a href="/wiki/Bill_(law)" title="Bill (law)">bills</a>, two pieces of legislation in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> that they argued would "negatively affect the ecosystem of web publishing that led to the emergence of the Internet Archive". This occurred in conjunction with the <a href="/wiki/Protests_against_SOPA_and_PIPA#Wikimedia_community" title="Protests against SOPA and PIPA">English Wikipedia blackout</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Protests_against_SOPA_and_PIPA" title="Protests against SOPA and PIPA">numerous other protests</a> across the Internet.<a href="#cite_note-177">[176]</a> The Internet Archive is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Open_Book_Alliance" title="Open Book Alliance">Open Book Alliance</a>, which has been among the most outspoken critics of the <a href="/wiki/Google_Book_Search_Settlement_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Book Search Settlement Agreement">Google Book Settlement</a>. The Archive advocates an alternative digital library project.<a href="#cite_note-178">[177]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hosting_of_disputed_media">Hosting of disputed media</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Hosting of disputed media">edit</a>]</div> On October 9, 2016, the Internet Archive was temporarily blocked in <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> after it was used (amongst other file hosting services) by hackers to host 17 GB of leaked government emails.<a href="#cite_note-179">[178]</a><a href="#cite_note-180">[179]</a> Because the Internet Archive only lightly moderates uploads, it includes resources that may be valued by extremists and the site may be used by them to evade <a href="/wiki/Blacklist_(computing)" title="Blacklist (computing)">block listing</a>. In February 2018, the Counter Extremism Project said that the Archive hosted terrorist videos, including the beheading of <a href="/wiki/Alan_Henning" title="Alan Henning">Alan Henning</a>, and had declined to respond to requests about the videos.<a href="#cite_note-181">[180]</a> In May 2018, a report published by the cyber-security firm Flashpoint stated that the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_State" title="Islamic State">Islamic State</a> was using the Internet Archive to share its propaganda.<a href="#cite_note-BBC2018-182">[181]</a> Chris Butler, from the Internet Archive, responded that they regularly spoke to the US and EU governments about sharing information on terrorism.<a href="#cite_note-BBC2018-182">[181]</a> In April 2019, <a href="/wiki/Europol" title="Europol">Europol</a>, acting on a referral from French police, asked the Internet Archive to remove 550 sites of "terrorist propaganda".<a href="#cite_note-BBC2019-183">[182]</a> The Archive rejected the request, saying that the reports were wrong about the content they pointed to, or were too broad for the organization to comply with.<a href="#cite_note-BBC2019-183">[182]</a> On July 14, 2021, the Internet Archive held a joint "Referral Action Day" with Europol to target terrorist videos.<a href="#cite_note-184">[183]</a> A 2021 article said that <a href="/wiki/Jihadist" class="mw-redirect" title="Jihadist">jihadists</a> regularly used the Internet Archive for "<a href="/wiki/Dead_drop" title="Dead drop">dead drops</a>" of terrorist videos.<a href="#cite_note-185">[184]</a> In January 2022, a former <a href="/wiki/UCLA" class="mw-redirect" title="UCLA">UCLA</a> lecturer's 800-page manifesto, containing racist ideas and threats against UCLA staff, was uploaded to the Internet Archive.<a href="#cite_note-Vice-186">[185]</a> The manifesto was removed by the Internet Archive after a week, amidst discussion about whether such documents should be preserved by archivists or not.<a href="#cite_note-Vice-186">[185]</a> Another 2022 paper found "an alarming volume of terrorist, extremist, and racist material on the Internet Archive".<a href="#cite_note-187">[186]</a> A 2023 paper reported that Neo-Nazis collect links to online, publicly available resources to be shared with new recruits. As the Internet Archive hosts uploaded texts that are not allowed on other websites, Nazi and neo-Nazi books in the Archive (e.g., <a href="/wiki/The_Turner_Diaries" title="The Turner Diaries">The Turner Diaries</a>) frequently appear on these lists. These lists also feature older, public domain material created when white supremacist views were more mainstream.<a href="#cite_note-188">[187]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2020_National_Emergency_Library">2020 National Emergency Library</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: 2020 National Emergency Library">edit</a>]</div> In the midst of the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> which closed many schools, universities, and libraries, the Archive announced on March 24, 2020, that it was creating the National Emergency Library by removing the lending restrictions it had in place for 1.4 million digitized books in its Open Library but otherwise limiting users to the number of books they could check out and enforcing their return; normally, the site would only allow one digital lending for each physical copy of the book they had, by use of an <a href="/wiki/Encryption" title="Encryption">encrypted file</a> that would become unusable after the lending period was completed.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-20230813-4">[4]</a> This Library would remain as such until at least June 30, 2020, or until the US national emergency was over, whichever came later.<a href="#cite_note-189">[188]</a> At launch, the Internet Archive allowed authors and rightholders to submit opt-out requests for their works to be omitted from the National Emergency Library.<a href="#cite_note-ArchiveResponse-190">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-191">[190]</a><a href="#cite_note-an-192">[191]</a> The Internet Archive said the National Emergency Library addressed an "unprecedented global and immediate need for access to reading and research material" due to the closures of physical libraries worldwide.<a href="#cite_note-193">[192]</a> They justified the move in a number of ways. Legally, they said they were promoting access to those inaccessible resources, which they claimed was an exercise in <a href="/wiki/Fair_use" title="Fair use">fair use</a> principles. The Archive continued implementing their <a href="/wiki/Controlled_digital_lending" title="Controlled digital lending">controlled digital lending</a> policy that predated the National Emergency Library, meaning they still encrypted the lent copies and it was no easier for users to create new copies of the books than before. An ultimate determination of whether or not the National Emergency Library constituted fair use could only be made by a court. Morally, they also pointed out that the Internet Archive was a registered library like any other, that they either paid for the books themselves or received them as donations, and that lending through libraries predated copyright restrictions.<a href="#cite_note-ArchiveResponse-190">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-194">[193]</a> The Archive had already been criticized by authors and publishers for its prior lending approach, and upon announcement of the National Emergency Library, authors, publishers, and groups representing both took further issue with The Archive and its <a href="/wiki/Open_Library#Copyright_violation_accusations" title="Open Library">Open Library</a> project, equating the move to <a href="/wiki/Copyright_infringement" title="Copyright infringement">copyright infringement</a> and digital piracy, and using the COVID-19 pandemic as a reason to push the boundaries of copyright.<a href="#cite_note-an-192">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-195">[194]</a><a href="#cite_note-196">[195]</a><a href="#cite_note-197">[196]</a> After the works of some of these authors were ridiculed in responses, the Internet Archive's <a href="/wiki/Jason_Scott" title="Jason Scott">Jason Scott</a> requested that supporters of the National Emergency Library not denigrate anyone's books: "I realize there's strong debate and disagreement here, but books are life-giving and life-changing and these writers made them."<a href="#cite_note-198">[197]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Copyright_issues">Copyright issues</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Copyright issues">edit</a>]</div> In November 2005, free downloads of <a href="/wiki/Grateful_Dead" title="Grateful Dead">Grateful Dead</a> concerts were removed from the site, following what seemed to be disagreements between some of the former band members. <a href="/wiki/John_Perry_Barlow" title="John Perry Barlow">John Perry Barlow</a> identified <a href="/wiki/Bob_Weir" title="Bob Weir">Bob Weir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mickey_Hart" title="Mickey Hart">Mickey Hart</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bill_Kreutzmann" title="Bill Kreutzmann">Bill Kreutzmann</a> as the instigators of the change, according to an article in <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>.<a href="#cite_note-leeds-199">[198]</a> <a href="/wiki/Phil_Lesh" title="Phil Lesh">Phil Lesh</a>, a founding member of the band, commented on the change in a November 30, 2005, posting to his personal web site: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">It was brought to my attention that all of the Grateful Dead shows were taken down from Archive.org right before <a href="/wiki/Thanksgiving" title="Thanksgiving">Thanksgiving</a>. I was not part of this decision making process and was not notified that the shows were to be pulled. I do feel that the music is the Grateful Dead's legacy and I hope that one way or another all of it is available for those who want it.<a href="#cite_note-lesh-200">[199]</a></blockquote> A November 30 forum post from <a href="/wiki/Brewster_Kahle" title="Brewster Kahle">Brewster Kahle</a> summarized what appeared to be the compromise reached among the band members. Audience recordings could be downloaded or streamed, but <a href="/wiki/Mixing_console" title="Mixing console">soundboard</a> recordings were to be available for streaming only. Concerts have since been re-added.<a href="#cite_note-kahle-201">[200]</a> In February 2016, Internet Archive users had begun archiving digital copies of <a href="/wiki/Nintendo_Power" title="Nintendo Power">Nintendo Power</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nintendo" title="Nintendo">Nintendo</a>'s official magazine for their games and products, which ran from 1988 to 2012. The first 140 issues had been collected, before Nintendo had the archive removed on August 8, 2016. In response to the take-down, Nintendo told gaming website <a href="/wiki/Polygon_(website)" title="Polygon (website)">Polygon</a>, "[Nintendo] must protect our own characters, trademarks and other content. The unapproved use of Nintendo's intellectual property can weaken our ability to protect and preserve it, or to possibly use it for new projects".<a href="#cite_note-202">[201]</a> In August 2017, the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Telecommunications" title="Department of Telecommunications">Department of Telecommunications</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a> blocked the Internet Archive along with other file-sharing websites, in accordance with two court orders issued by the <a href="/wiki/Madras_High_Court" title="Madras High Court">Madras High Court</a>,<a href="#cite_note-gtech-203">[202]</a> citing piracy concerns after copies of two <a href="/wiki/Bollywood" class="mw-redirect" title="Bollywood">Bollywood</a> films were allegedly shared via the service.<a href="#cite_note-204">[203]</a> The <a href="/wiki/HTTP" title="HTTP">HTTP</a> version of the Archive was blocked but it remained accessible using the <a href="/wiki/HTTPS" title="HTTPS">HTTPS</a> protocol.<a href="#cite_note-gtech-203">[202]</a> In 2023, the Internet Archive became a popular site for Indians to watch the first episode of <a href="/wiki/India:_The_Modi_Question" title="India: The Modi Question">India: The Modi Question</a>,<a href="#cite_note-TheHindu-205">[204]</a> a BBC documentary released on January 17 and banned in India by January 20.<a href="#cite_note-206">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-207">[206]</a> The video was reported to have been removed by the Archive on January 23.<a href="#cite_note-TheHindu-205">[204]</a> The Internet Archive then stated, on January 27, that they had removed the video in response to a BBC request under the <a href="/wiki/Digital_Millennium_Copyright_Act" title="Digital Millennium Copyright Act">Digital Millennium Copyright Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-208">[207]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Book_publishers'_lawsuit">Book publishers' lawsuit</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Book publishers' lawsuit">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Hachette_v._Internet_Archive" title="Hachette v. Internet Archive">Hachette v. Internet Archive</a></div> The operation of the National Emergency Library was part of a lawsuit filed against the Internet Archive by four major book publishers—Hachette, HarperCollins, John Wiley & Sons, and Penguin Random House—in June 2020, challenging the copyright validity of the controlled digital lending program.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-20230813-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-open_library_lawsuit-109">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-209">[208]</a> In response, the Internet Archive closed the National Emergency Library on June 16, 2020, rather than the planned June 30, 2020, due to the lawsuit.<a href="#cite_note-210">[209]</a><a href="#cite_note-211">[210]</a> The plaintiffs, supported by the <a href="/wiki/Copyright_Alliance" title="Copyright Alliance">Copyright Alliance</a>,<a href="#cite_note-212">[211]</a> claimed in their lawsuit that the Internet Archive's actions constituted a "willful mass copyright infringement."<a href="#cite_note-nytimes_lawsuit_june2020-213">[212]</a> Judge Koeltl ruled on March 24, 2023, against Internet Archive in the case, saying the National Emergency Library concept was not fair use, so the Archive infringed their copyrights by lending out the books without the waitlist restriction. An agreement was then reached for the Internet Archive to pay an undisclosed amount to the publishers.<a href="#cite_note-214">[213]</a> The Internet Archive appealed the ruling.<a href="#cite_note-215">[214]</a><a href="#cite_note-216">[215]</a> On September 4, 2024, the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Second_Circuit" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit">U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit</a> upheld the district court's ruling, calling the Internet Archive's argument that they were shielded by fair use doctrine "unpersuasive".<a href="#cite_note-wired-4sep2024-217">[216]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music_publishers'_lawsuit">Music publishers' lawsuit</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Music publishers' lawsuit">edit</a>]</div> In August 2023, the <a href="/wiki/Music_industry" title="Music industry">music industry</a> corporations <a href="/wiki/Universal_Music_Group" title="Universal Music Group">Universal Music Group</a> (UMG), <a href="/wiki/Sony_Music" title="Sony Music">Sony Music</a> and <a href="/wiki/Concord_(entertainment_company)" title="Concord (entertainment company)">Concord</a> sued the Internet Archive over its Great 78 Project, asserting the project was engaged in copyright infringement. The Great 78 Project stores digitized versions of pre-1972 songs and albums from 78 rpm <a href="/wiki/Phonograph_record" title="Phonograph record">phonograph records</a>, for "the preservation, research and discovery of 78rpm records." The project had started in 2016, when pre-1972 recordings had not been protected by copyright; in 2018, the U.S. Congress passed the <a href="/wiki/Music_Modernization_Act" title="Music Modernization Act">Music Modernization Act</a> (MMA) which enabled <a href="/wiki/Legal_remedy" title="Legal remedy">legal remedies</a> for unauthorised use of pre-1972 recordings until 2067, thus effectively covering them with copyright.<a href="#cite_note-MIP-218">[217]</a> UMG and Sony had been the two largest companies in this sector for more than a decade, with respective market shares of 31.8% and 22.1% in 2023.<a href="#cite_note-219">[218]</a> Concord was a rapidly expanding music business closely partnered with UMG since its transformation into Concord Music Group in 2004<a href="#cite_note-BV-220">[219]</a> and backed since at least 2000 by <a href="/wiki/J.P._Morgan_%26_Co." title="J.P. Morgan & Co.">J.P. Morgan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-221">[220]</a> It was the first music company to perform an <a href="/wiki/Asset-backed_security" title="Asset-backed security">asset-backed</a> <a href="/wiki/Securitization" title="Securitization">securitization</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Apollo_Global_Management" title="Apollo Global Management">Apollo Global Management</a>, in December 2022. Its assets consisted of over 1 million copyrights to music older than 18 months.<a href="#cite_note-222">[221]</a><a href="#cite_note-223">[222]</a> According to its CEO Bob Valentine, Concord derived about 85% of its revenue "from catalog, rather than newly-developed, music". As Valentine stated in his first interview, "The phenomenon of artists' IP has never been more liquid; it is now a real and proven asset class. Investment bankers are focused on it, financiers are financing it, and then there's entities like us, that know how to buy rights, but also know how to manage them and have the relationships to do so."<a href="#cite_note-BV-220">[219]</a> The share of catalog music in total album equivalent consumption in the United States rose from 62.8% to 72.6% between 2019 and 2023.<a href="#cite_note-224">[223]</a> The publishers are seeking statutory damages for nearly 4,142 songs named in the suit, with a maximum possible fine of $621 million.<a href="#cite_note-Blistein-225">[224]</a> The Internet Archive has argued that the primitive sound quality of the original recordings falls within the doctrine of "fair use" to digitize for preservation, that the number of downloads is so small it has almost no impact on the publishers' revenue, and over 95% of the collection is not readily available anywhere else.<a href="#cite_note-Blistein-225">[224]</a> The plaintiffs said in response, "if ever there were a theory of fair use invented for litigation, this is it."<a href="#cite_note-226">[225]</a> According to a legal source at <a href="/wiki/Mayer_Brown" title="Mayer Brown">Mayer Brown</a>, the music publishers' case could be challenged as <a href="/wiki/Constitutionality" title="Constitutionality">unconstitutional</a>, since the granting of copyright to pre-1972 works in the MMA only benefitted record companies without having a systemic effect.<a href="#cite_note-MIP-218">[217]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/28px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/42px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/56px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="407" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Internet" title="Portal:Internet">Internet portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/31px-P_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/47px-P_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/62px-P_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:History" title="Portal:History">History portal</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_online_image_archives" title="List of online image archives">List of online image archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_domain_music" title="Public domain music">Public domain music</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Similar_projects">Similar projects</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Similar projects">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Memory_Foundation" title="Internet Memory Foundation">Internet Memory Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Digital_Information_Infrastructure_and_Preservation_Program" title="National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program">National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program</a> (NDIIPP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Digital_Library_Program" title="National Digital Library Program">National Digital Library Program</a> (NDLP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Government_Web_Archive" title="UK Government Web Archive">UK Government Web Archive</a> at <a href="/wiki/The_National_Archives_(United_Kingdom)" title="The National Archives (United Kingdom)">The National Archives (United Kingdom)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Web_Archive" title="UK Web Archive">UK Web Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebCite" title="WebCite">WebCite</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Other">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anna%27s_Archive" title="Anna's Archive">Anna's Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archive_Team" title="Archive Team">Archive Team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_dark_age" title="Digital dark age">Digital dark age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_preservation" title="Digital preservation">Digital preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritrix" title="Heritrix">Heritrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_Genesis" title="Library Genesis">Library Genesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Link_rot" title="Link rot">Link rot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_web_archives_on_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:List of web archives on Wikipedia">List of web archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memory_hole" title="Memory hole">Memory hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PetaBox" title="PetaBox">PetaBox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Search_engine_cache" title="Search engine cache">Search engine cache</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> Books imported from Google have a metadata tag of scanner:google for searching purposes. The archive provides a link to Google for PDF copies, but also maintains a local PDF copy, which is viewable under the "All Files: HTTPS" link. As all the other books in the collection, they also provide OCR text and images in open formats, particularly <a href="/wiki/DjVu" title="DjVu">DjVu</a>, which Google Books does not offer. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-form990-2022-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-form990-2022_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-form990-2022_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-form990-2022_1-2">c</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/943242767/202313169349300956/full">"Internet Archive – Full text of "Full Filing" for fiscal year ending Dec. 2022"</a>. January 31, 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240204070720/https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/943242767/202313169349300956/full">Archived</a> from the original on February 4, 2024. Retrieved February 4, 2024 – via <a href="/wiki/ProPublica" title="ProPublica">ProPublica</a> Nonprofit Explorer.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Internet+Archive+%E2%80%93+Full+text+of+%22Full+Filing%22+for+fiscal+year+ending+Dec.+2022&rft.date=2024-01-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fprojects.propublica.org%2Fnonprofits%2Forganizations%2F943242767%2F202313169349300956%2Ffull&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Found0-2"><a href="#cite_ref-Found0_2-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000408223908/https://archive.org/about/index.html">"About the Archive"</a>. Internet Archive. April 8, 2000. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/about/index.html">the original</a> on April 8, 2000. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=About+the+Archive&rft.date=2000-04-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fabout%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Found1-3"><a href="#cite_ref-Found1_3-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whois.domaintools.com/archive.org">"archive.org WHOIS, DNS, & Domain Info – DomainTools"</a>. <a href="/wiki/WHOIS" title="WHOIS">WHOIS</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181105233448/http://whois.domaintools.com/archive.org">Archived</a> from the original on November 5, 2018. Retrieved March 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=archive.org+WHOIS%2C+DNS%2C+%26+Domain+Info+%E2%80%93+DomainTools&rft.pub=WHOIS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwhois.domaintools.com%2Farchive.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-20230813-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-20230813_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-20230813_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-20230813_4-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStreitfeld2023" class="citation news cs1">Streitfeld, David (August 13, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/08/13/business/media/internet-archive-emergency-lending-library.html">"The Dream Was Universal Access to Knowledge. The Result Was a Fiasco"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230815104111/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/08/13/business/media/internet-archive-emergency-lending-library.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 15, 2023. Retrieved August 15, 2023. <q>In the pandemic emergency, Brewster Kahle's Internet Archive freely lent out digital scans of its library. Publishers sued. Owning a book means something different now.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Dream+Was+Universal+Access+to+Knowledge.+The+Result+Was+a+Fiasco.&rft.date=2023-08-13&rft.aulast=Streitfeld&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2023%2F08%2F13%2Fbusiness%2Fmedia%2Finternet-archive-emergency-lending-library.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Archive2024-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Archive2024_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Archive2024_5-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/about">"About IA"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20230714065227/https://archive.org/about">Archived</a> from the original on July 14, 2023. Retrieved February 4, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=About+IA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fabout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/projects/">"Projects"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130301174624/https://archive.org/projects/">Archived</a> from the original on March 1, 2013. Retrieved March 6, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=Projects&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fprojects%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrotke2011" class="citation magazine cs1">Grotke, A. (December 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131215201723/http://www.infotoday.com/cilmag/dec11/Grotke.shtml">"Web Archiving at the Library of Congress"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Computers_in_Libraries" class="mw-redirect" title="Computers in Libraries">Computers in Libraries</a>. Vol. 31, no. 10. <a href="/wiki/Information_Today" title="Information Today">Information Today</a>. pp. 15–19. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infotoday.com/cilmag/dec11/Grotke.shtml">the original</a> on December 15, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+in+Libraries&rft.atitle=Web+Archiving+at+the+Library+of+Congress&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=10&rft.pages=15-19&rft.date=2011-12&rft.aulast=Grotke&rft.aufirst=A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infotoday.com%2Fcilmag%2Fdec11%2FGrotke.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConsalvoEss2011" class="citation book cs1">Consalvo, Mia; Ess, Charles, eds. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/9781444314861.ch2">"Web Archiving – Between Past, Present, and Future"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781444314861">The Handbook of Internet Studies</a> (1st ed.). Wiley. pp. 24–42. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F9781444314861">10.1002/9781444314861</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-8588-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-8588-2"><bdi>978-1-4051-8588-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220910053354/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781444314861">Archived</a> from the original on September 10, 2022. Retrieved September 11, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Web+Archiving+%E2%80%93+Between+Past%2C+Present%2C+and+Future&rft.btitle=The+Handbook+of+Internet+Studies&rft.pages=24-42&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Wiley&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F9781444314861&rft.isbn=978-1-4051-8588-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2Fpdf%2F10.1002%2F9781444314861.ch2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19971011050140/https://archive.org/sciam_article.html">"Brewster Kahle . In Scientific American"</a>. Internet Archive. November 4, 1997. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/sciam_article.html">the original</a> on October 11, 1997. Retrieved April 1, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=Brewster+Kahle+.+In+Scientific+American&rft.date=1997-11-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fsciam_article.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000606211051/https://archive.org/collections/index.html">"In the Collections"</a>. Internet Archive. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/collections/index.html">the original</a> on June 6, 2000. Retrieved March 15, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=In+the+Collections&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fcollections%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19960510144231/http://www.microsoft.com/ie/IE.HTM">"Microsoft Internet Explorer for Windows 95 Download"</a>. Microsoft. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/ie/IE.HTM">the original</a> on May 10, 1996. Retrieved June 5, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Microsoft&rft.atitle=Microsoft+Internet+Explorer+for+Windows+95+Download&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.microsoft.com%2Fie%2FIE.HTM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/post/60275/what-is-the-oldest-page-on-the-wayback-machine">"What is the oldest page on the Wayback Machine?"</a>. Internet Archive Forums. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190311133459/https://archive.org/post/60275/what-is-the-oldest-page-on-the-wayback-machine">Archived</a> from the original on March 11, 2019. Retrieved October 6, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive+Forums&rft.atitle=What+is+the+oldest+page+on+the+Wayback+Machine%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fpost%2F60275%2Fwhat-is-the-oldest-page-on-the-wayback-machine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mtv.com">"MTV Online: Main Page"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. May 12, 1996. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19960512183908/http://www.mtv.com/">Archived</a> from the original on May 12, 1996. Retrieved December 16, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wayback+Machine&rft.atitle=MTV+Online%3A+Main+Page&rft.date=1996-05-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mtv.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19960512212113/http://www.infoseek.com/">"Infoseek Guide"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. May 12, 1996. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infoseek.com/">the original</a> on May 12, 1996. Retrieved December 16, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wayback+Machine&rft.atitle=Infoseek+Guide&rft.date=1996-05-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infoseek.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130104215902/https://archive.org/details/printdisabled">"Daisy Books for the Print Disabled"</a>. Internet Archive. February 25, 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/printdisabled">the original</a> on January 4, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=Daisy+Books+for+the+Print+Disabled&rft.date=2013-02-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fprintdisabled&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-16"><a href="#cite_ref-:1_16-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/about/faqs.php">"Internet Archive Frequently Asked Questions"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091021003552/https://archive.org/about/faqs.php">Archived</a> from the original on October 21, 2009. Retrieved April 13, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Internet+Archive+Frequently+Asked+Questions&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fabout%2Ffaqs.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKahle2012" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Brewster_Kahle" title="Brewster Kahle">Kahle, Brewster</a> (August 7, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140813025429/https://blog.archive.org/2012/08/07/over-1000000-torrents-of-downloadable-books-music-and-movies/">"Over 1,000,000 Torrents of Downloadable Books, Music, and Movies"</a>. Internet Archive Blogs. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.archive.org/2012/08/07/over-1000000-torrents-of-downloadable-books-music-and-movies/">the original</a> on August 13, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive+Blogs&rft.atitle=Over+1%2C000%2C000+Torrents+of+Downloadable+Books%2C+Music%2C+and+Movies&rft.date=2012-08-07&rft.aulast=Kahle&rft.aufirst=Brewster&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.archive.org%2F2012%2F08%2F07%2Fover-1000000-torrents-of-downloadable-books-music-and-movies%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TFBT-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TFBT_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-TFBT_18-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFErnesto2012" class="citation web cs1">Ernesto (August 7, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://torrentfreak.com/internet-archive-starts-seeding-1398635-torrents-120807/">"Internet Archive Starts Seeding 1,398,875 Torrents"</a>. <a href="/wiki/TorrentFreak" title="TorrentFreak">TorrentFreak</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120808212731/https://torrentfreak.com/internet-archive-starts-seeding-1398635-torrents-120807/">Archived</a> from the original on August 8, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Internet+Archive+Starts+Seeding+1%2C398%2C875+Torrents&rft.pub=TorrentFreak&rft.date=2012-08-07&rft.au=Ernesto&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftorrentfreak.com%2Finternet-archive-starts-seeding-1398635-torrents-120807%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120803014019/http://bt1.archive.org/hotlist.php">"Hot List for bt1.us.archive.org (Updated August 7 2012, 7:31 pm PDT)"</a>. Internet Archive. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bt1.archive.org/hotlist.php">the original</a> on August 3, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=Hot+List+for+bt1.us.archive.org+%28Updated+August+7+2012%2C+7%3A31+pm+PDT%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbt1.archive.org%2Fhotlist.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bittorrent">"Welcome to Archive torrents"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160119064508/https://archive.org/details/bittorrent">Archived</a> from the original on January 19, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=Welcome+to+Archive+torrents&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbittorrent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFB2013" class="citation web cs1">B, Sarah (November 6, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://richmondsfblog.com/2013/11/06/part-of-internet-archive-building-badly-burned-in-early-morning-fire/">"Part of Internet Archive building badly burned in early morning fire"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170131190737/http://richmondsfblog.com/2013/11/06/part-of-internet-archive-building-badly-burned-in-early-morning-fire">Archived</a> from the original on January 31, 2017. Retrieved February 11, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Part+of+Internet+Archive+building+badly+burned+in+early+morning+fire&rft.date=2013-11-06&rft.aulast=B&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frichmondsfblog.com%2F2013%2F11%2F06%2Fpart-of-internet-archive-building-badly-burned-in-early-morning-fire%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-fire2013-22"><a href="#cite_ref-fire2013_22-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlexander2013" class="citation news cs1">Alexander, Kurtis (November 16, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Internet-Archive-s-S-F-office-damaged-in-fire-4960703.php">"Internet Archive's S.F. office damaged in fire"</a>. San Francisco Chronicle. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131212061948/http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Internet-Archive-s-S-F-office-damaged-in-fire-4960703.php">Archived</a> from the original on December 12, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=San+Francisco+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive%27s+S.F.+office+damaged+in+fire&rft.date=2013-11-16&rft.aulast=Alexander&rft.aufirst=Kurtis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgate.com%2Fbayarea%2Farticle%2FInternet-Archive-s-S-F-office-damaged-in-fire-4960703.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.archive.org/2013/11/06/scanning-center-fire-please-help-rebuild/">"Fire Update: Lost Many Cameras, 20 Boxes. No One Hurt"</a>. Internet Archive Blogs. November 6, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131107150230/http://blog.archive.org/2013/11/06/scanning-center-fire-please-help-rebuild/">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive+Blogs&rft.atitle=Fire+Update%3A+Lost+Many+Cameras%2C+20+Boxes.+No+One+Hurt&rft.date=2013-11-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.archive.org%2F2013%2F11%2F06%2Fscanning-center-fire-please-help-rebuild%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShu2013" class="citation news cs1">Shu, Catherine (November 6, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://techcrunch.com/2013/11/06/internet-archive-seeking-donations-to-rebuild-its-fire-damaged-scanning-center/">"Internet Archive Seeking Donations To Rebuild Its Fire-Damaged Scanning Center"</a>. <a href="/wiki/TechCrunch" title="TechCrunch">TechCrunch</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170706012604/https://techcrunch.com/2013/11/06/internet-archive-seeking-donations-to-rebuild-its-fire-damaged-scanning-center/">Archived</a> from the original on July 6, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TechCrunch&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive+Seeking+Donations+To+Rebuild+Its+Fire-Damaged+Scanning+Center&rft.date=2013-11-06&rft.aulast=Shu&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechcrunch.com%2F2013%2F11%2F06%2Finternet-archive-seeking-donations-to-rebuild-its-fire-damaged-scanning-center%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRossi2014" class="citation web cs1">Rossi, Alexis (November 5, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.archive.org/2014/11/05/redesign/">"Redesigning Archive.org"</a>. Internet Archive Blogs. Retrieved October 17, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive+Blogs&rft.atitle=Redesigning+Archive.org&rft.date=2014-11-05&rft.aulast=Rossi&rft.aufirst=Alexis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.archive.org%2F2014%2F11%2F05%2Fredesign%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/">"Digital Library of Free Books, Movies, Music & Wayb…"</a>. Internet Archive. March 25, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20160325215847/https://archive.org/">Archived</a> from the original on March 25, 2016. Retrieved October 17, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=Digital+Library+of+Free+Books%2C+Movies%2C+Music+%26+Wayb%E2%80%A6&rft.date=2016-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-KahleCanada-27"><a href="#cite_ref-KahleCanada_27-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKahle2016" class="citation web cs1">Kahle, Brewster (November 29, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.archive.org/2016/11/29/help-us-keep-the-archive-free-accessible-and-private/">"Help Us Keep the Archive Free, Accessible, and Reader Private"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170521080543/http://blog.archive.org/2016/11/29/help-us-keep-the-archive-free-accessible-and-private/">Archived</a> from the original on May 21, 2017. Retrieved December 2, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=Help+Us+Keep+the+Archive+Free%2C+Accessible%2C+and+Reader+Private&rft.date=2016-11-29&rft.aulast=Kahle&rft.aufirst=Brewster&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.archive.org%2F2016%2F11%2F29%2Fhelp-us-keep-the-archive-free-accessible-and-private%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2016" class="citation web cs1">Johnson, Tim (December 1, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/nation-world/national/article118256733.html">"Donald Trump scares Internet Archive into moving to Canada"</a>. McClatchy DC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161202113547/http://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/nation-world/national/article118256733.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 2, 2016. Retrieved December 2, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=McClatchy+DC&rft.atitle=Donald+Trump+scares+Internet+Archive+into+moving+to+Canada&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mcclatchydc.com%2Fnews%2Fnation-world%2Fnational%2Farticle118256733.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRothschild2016" class="citation web cs1">Rothschild, Mike (December 2, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.attn.com/stories/13238/the-internet-archive-is-moving-to-canada-due-to-trump-presidency">"The Internet Archive Is Moving to Canada to Protect Itself from Trump"</a>. Attn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161203060818/http://www.attn.com/stories/13238/the-internet-archive-is-moving-to-canada-due-to-trump-presidency">Archived</a> from the original on December 3, 2016. Retrieved December 2, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Attn&rft.atitle=The+Internet+Archive+Is+Moving+to+Canada+to+Protect+Itself+from+Trump&rft.date=2016-12-02&rft.aulast=Rothschild&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.attn.com%2Fstories%2F13238%2Fthe-internet-archive-is-moving-to-canada-due-to-trump-presidency&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichalko2017" class="citation web cs1">Michalko, Jim (October 12, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.archive.org/2017/10/12/syncing-catalogs-with-thousands-of-libraries-in-120-countries-through-oclc/">"Syncing Catalogs with thousands of Libraries in 120 Countries through OCLC"</a>. blog.archive.org. Internet Archive. Retrieved July 18, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=blog.archive.org&rft.atitle=Syncing+Catalogs+with+thousands+of+Libraries+in+120+Countries+through+OCLC&rft.date=2017-10-12&rft.aulast=Michalko&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.archive.org%2F2017%2F10%2F12%2Fsyncing-catalogs-with-thousands-of-libraries-in-120-countries-through-oclc%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/~tracey/mrtg/du.html">"Used Paired Space"</a>. archive.org. March 8, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190402184848/https://archive.org/~tracey/mrtg/du.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2019. Retrieved March 8, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=archive.org&rft.atitle=Used+Paired+Space&rft.date=2019-03-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2F~tracey%2Fmrtg%2Fdu.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLocker2018" class="citation web cs1">Locker, Melissa (July 3, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fastcompany.com/90179133/the-internet-archive-is-helping-these-artists-get-inspired-by-digital-history">"The Internet Archive is helping these artists get inspired by digital history"</a>. Fast Company. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181229171518/https://www.fastcompany.com/90179133/the-internet-archive-is-helping-these-artists-get-inspired-by-digital-history">Archived</a> from the original on December 29, 2018. Retrieved December 29, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fast+Company&rft.atitle=The+Internet+Archive+is+helping+these+artists+get+inspired+by+digital+history&rft.date=2018-07-03&rft.aulast=Locker&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fastcompany.com%2F90179133%2Fthe-internet-archive-is-helping-these-artists-get-inspired-by-digital-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190927183322/https://thephotographersgallery.org.uk/whats-on/display/jenny-odell-neo-surreal">"Jenny Odell – Neo-Surreal"</a>. The Photographers' Gallery. May 30, 2018. 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Retrieved July 4, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive+Help+Center&rft.atitle=How+do+I+make+a+physical+donation+to+the+Internet+Archive%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhelp.archive.org%2Fhelp%2Fhow-do-i-make-a-physical-donation-to-the-internet-archive%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> See also: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.archive.org/tag/donations/">"Tag Archives: donations"</a>. Internet Archive Blogs. Retrieved December 4, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive+Blogs&rft.atitle=Tag+Archives%3A+donations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.archive.org%2Ftag%2Fdonations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bpl.org/news/boston-public-library-transfers-sound-archives-collection-to-internet-archive-for-digitization-preservation-and-public-access/">"Boston Public Library transfers sound archives collection to Internet Archive for digitization, preservation, and public access"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Library" title="Boston Public Library">Boston Public Library</a>. October 11, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210123103821/https://www.bpl.org/news/boston-public-library-transfers-sound-archives-collection-to-internet-archive-for-digitization-preservation-and-public-access/">Archived</a> from the original on January 23, 2021. Retrieved December 4, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Boston+Public+Library&rft.atitle=Boston+Public+Library+transfers+sound+archives+collection+to+Internet+Archive+for+digitization%2C+preservation%2C+and+public+access&rft.date=2017-10-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bpl.org%2Fnews%2Fboston-public-library-transfers-sound-archives-collection-to-internet-archive-for-digitization-preservation-and-public-access%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trentu.ca/news/story/22235">"Trent University donates 250,000 books to be digitized by Internet Archive as part of Bata Library transformation"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Trent_University" title="Trent University">Trent University</a>. September 13, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201130175028/https://www.trentu.ca/news/story/22235">Archived</a> from the original on November 30, 2020. Retrieved December 4, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Trent+University&rft.atitle=Trent+University+donates+250%2C000+books+to+be+digitized+by+Internet+Archive+as+part+of+Bata+Library+transformation&rft.date=2018-09-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.trentu.ca%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F22235&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeltzer2020" class="citation web cs1">Seltzer, Rick (October 21, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2020/10/21/marygrove-college-library-materials-have-been-digitized-and-placed-online-will">"A new home online for closed college libraries?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Inside_Higher_Ed" title="Inside Higher Ed">Inside Higher Ed</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201204122351/https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2020/10/21/marygrove-college-library-materials-have-been-digitized-and-placed-online-will">Archived</a> from the original on December 4, 2020. 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Retrieved May 3, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Internet+Archive+Expands+Partnerships+for+Open+Libraries+Project&rft.date=2019-05-02&rft.au=Matt+Enis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.libraryjournal.com%2F%3FdetailStory%3Dinternet-archive-expands-partnerships-for-open-library-project&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrittain2023" class="citation news cs1">Brittain, Blake (August 12, 2023). Bario, David; Craft, Diane (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/legal/music-labels-sue-internet-archive-over-digitized-record-collection-2023-08-12">"Music labels sue Internet Archive over digitized record collection"</a>. 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September 24, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Internet+Archive+fights+to+save+itself&rft.date=2024-09-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Finternet-archive-memory-wayback-machine-lawsuits%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIrwin2024" class="citation web cs1">Irwin, Kate (May 28, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcmag.com/news/internet-archive-hit-with-ddos-attack">"Internet Archive Hit With DDoS Attacks"</a>. <a href="/wiki/PCMag" title="PCMag">PCMag</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240528174629/https://www.pcmag.com/news/internet-archive-hit-with-ddos-attack">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024. Retrieved May 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PCMag&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive+Hit+With+DDoS+Attacks&rft.date=2024-05-28&rft.aulast=Irwin&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcmag.com%2Fnews%2Finternet-archive-hit-with-ddos-attack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaran2024" class="citation web cs1">Baran, Guru (May 28, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cybersecuritynews.com/internet-archive-under-ddos-attack/">"Internet Archive is Under DDoS Attack For Several Hours"</a>. Cyber Security News. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240528174657/https://cybersecuritynews.com/internet-archive-under-ddos-attack/">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2024. Retrieved May 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cyber+Security+News&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive+is+Under+DDoS+Attack+For+Several+Hours&rft.date=2024-05-28&rft.aulast=Baran&rft.aufirst=Guru&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcybersecuritynews.com%2Finternet-archive-under-ddos-attack%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoon2024" class="citation web cs1">Moon, Mariella (May 29, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/the-internet-archive-has-been-fending-off-ddos-attacks-for-days-035950028.html">"The Internet Archive has been fending off DDoS attacks for days"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Engadget" title="Engadget">Engadget</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20241011044638/https://www.engadget.com/the-internet-archive-has-been-fending-off-ddos-attacks-for-days-035950028.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 11, 2024. Retrieved May 29, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Engadget&rft.atitle=The+Internet+Archive+has+been+fending+off+DDoS+attacks+for+days&rft.date=2024-05-29&rft.aulast=Moon&rft.aufirst=Mariella&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2Fthe-internet-archive-has-been-fending-off-ddos-attacks-for-days-035950028.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-JL-46"><a href="#cite_ref-JL_46-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLyons2024" class="citation news cs1">Lyons, Jessica (May 29, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theregister.com/2024/05/29/ddos_internet_archive">"Multi-day DDoS storm batters Internet Archive"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Register" title="The Register">The Register</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240601081103/https://www.theregister.com/2024/05/29/ddos_internet_archive">Archived</a> from the original on June 1, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Multi-day+DDoS+storm+batters+Internet+Archive&rft.date=2024-05-29&rft.aulast=Lyons&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theregister.com%2F2024%2F05%2F29%2Fddos_internet_archive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-WD-47">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WD_47-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-WD_47-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis2024" class="citation web cs1">Davis, Wes (October 10, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2024/10/9/24266419/internet-archive-ddos-attack-pop-up-message">"The Internet Archive is under attack, with a breach revealing info for 31 million accounts"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Verge" title="The Verge">The Verge</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20241010052449/https://www.theverge.com/2024/10/9/24266419/internet-archive-ddos-attack-pop-up-message">Archived</a> from the original on October 10, 2024. Retrieved October 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Internet+Archive+is+under+attack%2C+with+a+breach+revealing+info+for+31+million+accounts&rft.pub=The+Verge&rft.date=2024-10-10&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Wes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2024%2F10%2F9%2F24266419%2Finternet-archive-ddos-attack-pop-up-message&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Radware-48"><a href="#cite_ref-Radware_48-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.radware.com/security/threat-advisories-and-attack-reports/six-day-web-ddos-attack-campaign/">Six-day, 14.7 Million RPS Web DDoS Attack Campaign Attributed to SN_BLACKMETA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radware" title="Radware">Radware</a>, July 24, 2024, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20241010155819/https://www.radware.com/security/threat-advisories-and-attack-reports/six-day-web-ddos-attack-campaign/">archived</a> from the original on October 10, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Six-day%2C+14.7+Million+RPS+Web+DDoS+Attack+Campaign+Attributed+to+SN_BLACKMETA&rft.pub=Radware&rft.date=2024-07-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.radware.com%2Fsecurity%2Fthreat-advisories-and-attack-reports%2Fsix-day-web-ddos-attack-campaign%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStokel-Walker2024" class="citation cs2">Stokel-Walker, Chris (September 16, 2024), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20240912-the-archivists-battling-to-save-the-internet">We're losing our digital history. Can the Internet Archive save it?</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC_News_Online" title="BBC News Online">BBC</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240916094805/https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20240912-the-archivists-battling-to-save-the-internet">archived</a> from the original on September 16, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=We%27re+losing+our+digital+history.+Can+the+Internet+Archive+save+it%3F&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2024-09-16&rft.aulast=Stokel-Walker&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Ffuture%2Farticle%2F20240912-the-archivists-battling-to-save-the-internet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bleep-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bleep_50-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bleep_50-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbrams" class="citation web cs1">Abrams, Lawrence. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/internet-archive-hacked-data-breach-impacts-31-million-users/">"Internet Archive hacked, data breach impacts 31 million users"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bleeping_Computer" title="Bleeping Computer">BleepingComputer</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20241010052448/https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/internet-archive-hacked-data-breach-impacts-31-million-users/">Archived</a> from the original on October 10, 2024. Retrieved October 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BleepingComputer&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive+hacked%2C+data+breach+impacts+31+million+users&rft.aulast=Abrams&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bleepingcomputer.com%2Fnews%2Fsecurity%2Finternet-archive-hacked-data-breach-impacts-31-million-users%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewmanKnibbs" class="citation magazine cs1">Newman, Lily Hay; Knibbs, Kate. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/story/internet-archive-hacked/">"Internet Archive Breach Exposes 31 Million Users"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wired_(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)">Wired</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1059-1028">1059-1028</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20241010021313/https://www.wired.com/story/internet-archive-hacked/">Archived</a> from the original on October 10, 2024. Retrieved October 11, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wired&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive+Breach+Exposes+31+Million+Users&rft.issn=1059-1028&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=Lily+Hay&rft.au=Knibbs%2C+Kate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Finternet-archive-hacked%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKan" class="citation web cs1">Kan, Michael. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcmag.com/news/hacker-defaces-internet-archive-claims-it-suffered-a-breach">"Hacker Defaces Internet Archive, Steals Data on 31 Million Users"</a>. <a href="/wiki/PCMag" title="PCMag">PCMag</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20241009235004/https://www.pcmag.com/news/internet-archive-remains-offline-to-focus-on-data-security-after-breach">Archived</a> from the original on October 9, 2024. Retrieved October 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PCMag&rft.atitle=Hacker+Defaces+Internet+Archive%2C+Steals+Data+on+31+Million+Users&rft.aulast=Kan&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcmag.com%2Fnews%2Fhacker-defaces-internet-archive-claims-it-suffered-a-breach&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPoireault2024" class="citation web cs1">Poireault, Kevin (October 10, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/news/internet-archive-breach-31m/">"Internet Archive Breached, 31 Million Records Exposed"</a>. Infosecurity Magazine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20241010174332/https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/news/internet-archive-breach-31m/">Archived</a> from the original on October 10, 2024. Retrieved October 10, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Infosecurity+Magazine&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive+Breached%2C+31+Million+Records+Exposed&rft.date=2024-10-10&rft.aulast=Poireault&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.infosecurity-magazine.com%2Fnews%2Finternet-archive-breach-31m%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKan2024" class="citation web cs1">Kan, Michael (October 10, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcmag.com/news/internet-archive-remains-offline-to-focus-on-data-security-after-breach">"Internet Archive Remains Offline to Focus On Data Security After Breach"</a>. PCMag. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20241010210237/https://www.pcmag.com/news/internet-archive-remains-offline-to-focus-on-data-security-after-breach">Archived</a> from the original on October 10, 2024. Retrieved October 11, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PCMag&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive+Remains+Offline+to+Focus+On+Data+Security+After+Breach&rft.date=2024-10-10&rft.aulast=Kan&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcmag.com%2Fnews%2Finternet-archive-remains-offline-to-focus-on-data-security-after-breach&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoth2024" class="citation web cs1">Roth, Emma (October 11, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2024/10/11/24268040/internet-archive-data-breach-outage-hacked">"The Internet Archive is still down but will return in 'days, not weeks'"</a>. The Verge. Retrieved October 12, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=The+Internet+Archive+is+still+down+but+will+return+in+%27days%2C+not+weeks%27&rft.date=2024-10-11&rft.aulast=Roth&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2024%2F10%2F11%2F24268040%2Finternet-archive-data-breach-outage-hacked&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcmag.com/news/after-breach-internet-archive-expects-to-return-within-days-not-weeks">"After Breach, Internet Archive Expects to Return Within 'Days, Not Weeks'"</a>. PCMAG. Retrieved October 12, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PCMAG&rft.atitle=After+Breach%2C+Internet+Archive+Expects+to+Return+Within+%27Days%2C+Not+Weeks%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcmag.com%2Fnews%2Fafter-breach-internet-archive-expects-to-return-within-days-not-weeks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKahle2024" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Brewster_Kahle" title="Brewster Kahle">Kahle, Brewster [@brewster_kahle]</a> (October 11, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/brewster_kahle/status/1844790609573277792">"The data is safe. Services are offline as we examine and strengthen them. Sorry, but needed. @internetarchive staff is working hard. Estimated Timeline: days, not weeks. Thank you for the offers of pizza (we are set)"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+data+is+safe.+Services+are+offline+as+we+examine+and+strengthen+them.+Sorry%2C+but+needed.+%40internetarchive+staff+is+working+hard.+Estimated+Timeline%3A+days%2C+not+weeks.+Thank+you+for+the+offers+of+pizza+%28we+are+set%29.&rft.date=2024-10-11&rft.aulast=Kahle&rft.aufirst=Brewster&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Fbrewster_kahle%2Fstatus%2F1844790609573277792&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBursztynsky2024" class="citation web cs1">Bursztynsky, Jessica (October 14, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fastcompany.com/91209670/the-internet-archive-is-back-online-after-a-cyberattack">"The Internet Archive is back online after a cyberattack"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fast_Company" title="Fast Company">Fast Company</a>. Retrieved October 14, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fast+Company&rft.atitle=The+Internet+Archive+is+back+online+after+a+cyberattack&rft.date=2024-10-14&rft.aulast=Bursztynsky&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fastcompany.com%2F91209670%2Fthe-internet-archive-is-back-online-after-a-cyberattack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKahle2024" class="citation web cs1">Kahle, Brewster [@brewster_kahle] (October 14, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/brewster_kahle/status/1845913275759747292">"@waybackmachine volume is back to normal: 1,500 requests per second. Sorry we don't have other services yet"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>). Retweeted by internetarchive. Retrieved October 15, 2024 – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%40waybackmachine+volume+is+back+to+normal%3A+1%2C500+requests+per+second.+Sorry+we+don%27t+have+other+services+yet.&rft.date=2024-10-14&rft.aulast=Kahle&rft.aufirst=Brewster&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Fbrewster_kahle%2Fstatus%2F1845913275759747292&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bc-abrams-60"><a href="#cite_ref-bc-abrams_60-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbrams2024" class="citation web cs1">Abrams, Lawrence (October 20, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/internet-archive-breached-again-through-stolen-access-tokens/">"Internet Archive breached again through stolen access tokens"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bleeping_Computer" title="Bleeping Computer">Bleeping Computer</a>. Retrieved October 20, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bleeping+Computer&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive+breached+again+through+stolen+access+tokens&rft.date=2024-10-20&rft.aulast=Abrams&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bleepingcomputer.com%2Fnews%2Fsecurity%2Finternet-archive-breached-again-through-stolen-access-tokens%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-forbes-daniel-61"><a href="#cite_ref-forbes-daniel_61-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaniel2024" class="citation web cs1">Daniel, Lars (October 20, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/larsdaniel/2024/10/20/internet-archive-breached-again-third-cyber-attack-in-october-2024/">"Internet Archive Breached Again—Third Cyber Attack In October 2024"</a>. Forbes.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive+Breached+Again%E2%80%94Third+Cyber+Attack+In+October+2024&rft.date=2024-10-20&rft.aulast=Daniel&rft.aufirst=Lars&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Flarsdaniel%2F2024%2F10%2F20%2Finternet-archive-breached-again-third-cyber-attack-in-october-2024%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreeland2024" class="citation web cs1">Freeland, Chris (October 21, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.archive.org/2024/10/21/internet-archive-services-update-2024-10-21/">"Internet Archive Services Update: 2024-10-21"</a>. blog.archive.org. Retrieved October 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=blog.archive.org&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive+Services+Update%3A+2024-10-21&rft.date=2024-10-21&rft.aulast=Freeland&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.archive.org%2F2024%2F10%2F21%2Finternet-archive-services-update-2024-10-21%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTownsend2024" class="citation web cs1">Townsend, Chance (October 22, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mashable.com/article/internet-archive-down-again?test_uuid=01iI2GpryXngy77uIpA3Y4B&test_variant=a">"Internet Archive and Wayback Machine are down again"</a>. Mashable. Retrieved October 22, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mashable&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive+and+Wayback+Machine+are+down+again&rft.date=2024-10-22&rft.aulast=Townsend&rft.aufirst=Chance&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmashable.com%2Farticle%2Finternet-archive-down-again%3Ftest_uuid%3D01iI2GpryXngy77uIpA3Y4B%26test_variant%3Da&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHall2024" class="citation web cs1">Hall, Matt L. (October 22, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.makeuseof.com/hackers-again-cause-wayback-machine-outage/">"Hackers Disable Internet Archive's Wayback Machine Once Again"</a>. MUO. Retrieved October 22, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MUO&rft.atitle=Hackers+Disable+Internet+Archive%27s+Wayback+Machine+Once+Again&rft.date=2024-10-22&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Matt+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.makeuseof.com%2Fhackers-again-cause-wayback-machine-outage%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott2024" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jason_Scott" title="Jason Scott">Scott, Jason [@textfiles]</a> (October 23, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/textfiles/status/1849281904258043990">"Guess what's back. Yes, http://archive.org and http://openlibrary.org are back, as well as http://web.archive.org (Wayback Machine) and all those amazing items. Some of the features are not up yet, but rest assured we're working on it and our tired devs will prevail"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>). Retweeted by internetarchive. Retrieved October 24, 2024 – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Guess+what%27s+back.+Yes%2C+http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org+and+http%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org+are+back%2C+as+well+as+http%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org+%28Wayback+Machine%29+and+all+those+amazing+items.+Some+of+the+features+are+not+up+yet%2C+but+rest+assured+we%27re+working+on+it+and+our+tired+devs+will+prevail.&rft.date=2024-10-23&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Ftextfiles%2Fstatus%2F1849281904258043990&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobertsSuozzoSchwenckeTigas2013" class="citation web cs1">Roberts, Andrea; Suozzo, Ken; Schwencke, Mike; Tigas, Sisi; Wei, Alec; Glassford, Brandon (May 9, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/display_990/943242767/04_2021_prefixes_94-95/943242767_201912_990_2021040217865349">"Internet Archive – Form Form 990 for period ending Dec 2019 – Nonprofit Explorer"</a>. ProPublica. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220325133357/https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/display_990/943242767/04_2021_prefixes_94-95%2F943242767_201912_990_2021040217865349">Archived</a> from the original on March 25, 2022. Retrieved November 8, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ProPublica&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive+%E2%80%93+Form+Form+990+for+period+ending+Dec+2019+%E2%80%93+Nonprofit+Explorer&rft.date=2013-05-09&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft.au=Suozzo%2C+Ken&rft.au=Schwencke%2C+Mike&rft.au=Tigas%2C+Sisi&rft.au=Wei%2C+Alec&rft.au=Glassford%2C+Brandon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fprojects.propublica.org%2Fnonprofits%2Fdisplay_990%2F943242767%2F04_2021_prefixes_94-95%2F943242767_201912_990_2021040217865349&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJessen2019" class="citation web cs1">Jessen, Jenica (December 19, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.archive.org/2019/12/19/im-done-selling-sweaters-instead-im-selling-a-vision-i-believe-in/">"I'm Done Selling Sweaters. Instead I'm Selling a Vision I Believe In"</a>. Internet Archive Blogs. Retrieved August 16, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive+Blogs&rft.atitle=I%27m+Done+Selling+Sweaters.+Instead+I%27m+Selling+a+Vision+I+Believe+In.&rft.date=2019-12-19&rft.aulast=Jessen&rft.aufirst=Jenica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.archive.org%2F2019%2F12%2F19%2Fim-done-selling-sweaters-instead-im-selling-a-vision-i-believe-in%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKahle2021" class="citation web cs1">Kahle, Brewster (February 4, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.archive.org/2021/02/04/thank-you-ubuntu-and-linux-communities/">"Thank you Ubuntu and Linux Communities - Internet Archive Blogs"</a>. <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Internet Archive</a> Blog. 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Gizmodo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191105075950/https://gizmodo.com/the-internet-archive-fights-wiki-citation-wars-with-boo-1839609540">Archived</a> from the original on November 5, 2019. Retrieved November 5, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gizmodo&rft.atitle=The+Internet+Archive+Fights+Wiki+Citation+Wars+With+Books&rft.date=2019-11-04&rft.au=Whitney+Kimball&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgizmodo.com%2Fthe-internet-archive-fights-wiki-citation-wars-with-boo-1839609540&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140125175155/https://archive.org/about/bibalex.php">"Donation to the new Library of Alexandria in Egypt"</a>. Internet Archive. April 20, 2002. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/about/bibalex.php">the original</a> on January 25, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=Donation+to+the+new+Library+of+Alexandria+in+Egypt&rft.date=2002-04-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fabout%2Fbibalex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140902052347/https://archive.org/about/bibalex_p_r.php">"Bibliotheca Alexandrina"</a>. Internet Archive. 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Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091021003552/https://archive.org/about/faqs.php">Archived</a> from the original on October 21, 2009. Retrieved April 13, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Internet+Archive.+%282012%29.+Frequently+Asked+Questions&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fabout%2Ffaqs.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archive-it.org/">"archive-it.org"</a>. archive-it.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130414092416/http://archive-it.org/">Archived</a> from the original on April 14, 2013. 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Retrieved June 21, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=archive.org&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive+BookReader&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FBookReader&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaplan2010" class="citation web cs1">Kaplan, Jeff (December 10, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.archive.org/2010/12/10/2685/">"New BookReader!"</a>. blog.archive.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190621200255/https://blog.archive.org/2010/12/10/2685/">Archived</a> from the original on June 21, 2019. Retrieved June 21, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=blog.archive.org&rft.atitle=New+BookReader%21&rft.date=2010-12-10&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.archive.org%2F2010%2F12%2F10%2F2685%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFunnekotter2024" class="citation cs2">Funnekotter, Bart (October 9, 2024), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20241009111945/https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2024/10/09/leidse-proefschriften-worden-toch-niet-vernietigd-400000-dissertaties-gaan-naar-de-vs-a4868698">"Leidse proefschriften worden tóch niet vernietigd, 400.000 dissertaties gaan naar de VS"</a>, <a href="/wiki/NRC_(newspaper)" title="NRC (newspaper)">NRC</a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nrc.nl/nieuws/2024/10/09/leidse-proefschriften-worden-toch-niet-vernietigd-400000-dissertaties-gaan-naar-de-vs-a4868698">the original</a> on October 9, 2024</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NRC&rft.atitle=Leidse+proefschriften+worden+t%C3%B3ch+niet+vernietigd%2C+400.000+dissertaties+gaan+naar+de+VS&rft.date=2024-10-09&rft.aulast=Funnekotter&rft.aufirst=Bart&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nrc.nl%2Fnieuws%2F2024%2F10%2F09%2Fleidse-proefschriften-worden-toch-niet-vernietigd-400000-dissertaties-gaan-naar-de-vs-a4868698&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nwu.org/book-division/cdl/faq/">"FAQ on Controlled Digital Lending (CDL)"</a>. National Writers Union. February 13, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20200330193826/https://nwu.org/book%2Ddivision/cdl/faq/">Archived</a> from the original on March 30, 2020. Retrieved February 15, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FAQ+on+Controlled+Digital+Lending+%28CDL%29&rft.pub=National+Writers+Union&rft.date=2019-02-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnwu.org%2Fbook-division%2Fcdl%2Ffaq%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGonsalves2006" class="citation magazine cs1">Gonsalves, Antone (December 20, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=196701339">"Internet Archive Claims Progress Against Google Library Initiative"</a>. InformationWeek. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071014174528/http://informationweek.com/story/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=196701339">Archived</a> from the original on October 14, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=InformationWeek&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive+Claims+Progress+Against+Google+Library+Initiative&rft.date=2006-12-20&rft.aulast=Gonsalves&rft.aufirst=Antone&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.informationweek.com%2Fstory%2FshowArticle.jhtml%3FarticleID%3D196701339&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930184259/http://chronicle.com/wiredcampus/index.php?id=2235%3F%3Datwc">"The Open Library Makes Its Online Debut"</a>. The Wired Campus. Chronicle of Higher Education. July 19, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chronicle.com/wiredcampus/index.php?id=2235?=atwc">the original</a> on September 30, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wired+Campus&rft.atitle=The+Open+Library+Makes+Its+Online+Debut&rft.date=2007-07-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchronicle.com%2Fwiredcampus%2Findex.php%3Fid%3D2235%3F%3Datwc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/search/inside">"Search Inside"</a>. OpenLibrary.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131020130821/http://openlibrary.org/search/inside">Archived</a> from the original on October 20, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OpenLibrary.org&rft.atitle=Search+Inside&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fsearch%2Finside&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.archive.org/2011/06/25/in-library-ebook-lending-program-expands-to-1000-libraries/">"In-Library eBook Lending Program Expands to 1,000 Libraries"</a>. Internet Archive Blogs. Internet Archive. June 25, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140813035522/https://blog.archive.org/2011/06/25/in-library-ebook-lending-program-expands-to-1000-libraries/">Archived</a> from the original on August 13, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive+Blogs&rft.atitle=In-Library+eBook+Lending+Program+Expands+to+1%2C000+Libraries&rft.date=2011-06-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.archive.org%2F2011%2F06%2F25%2Fin-library-ebook-lending-program-expands-to-1000-libraries%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlood2019" class="citation news cs1">Flood, Alison (January 22, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2019/jan/22/internet-archives-ebook-loans-face-uk-copyright-challenge">"Internet Archive's ebook loans face UK copyright challenge"</a>. The Guardian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190212070623/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2019/jan/22/internet-archives-ebook-loans-face-uk-copyright-challenge">Archived</a> from the original on February 12, 2019. Retrieved March 28, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive%27s+ebook+loans+face+UK+copyright+challenge&rft.date=2019-01-22&rft.aulast=Flood&rft.aufirst=Alison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2019%2Fjan%2F22%2Finternet-archives-ebook-loans-face-uk-copyright-challenge&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-open_library_lawsuit-109">^ <a href="#cite_ref-open_library_lawsuit_109-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-open_library_lawsuit_109-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrandom2020" class="citation web cs1">Brandom, Russell (June 1, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2020/6/1/21277036/internet-archive-publishers-lawsuit-open-library-ebook-lending">"Publishers sue Internet Archive over Open Library ebook lending"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Verge" title="The Verge">The Verge</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200601185706/https://www.theverge.com/2020/6/1/21277036/internet-archive-publishers-lawsuit-open-library-ebook-lending">Archived</a> from the original on June 1, 2020. Retrieved June 1, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=Publishers+sue+Internet+Archive+over+Open+Library+ebook+lending&rft.date=2020-06-01&rft.aulast=Brandom&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2020%2F6%2F1%2F21277036%2Finternet-archive-publishers-lawsuit-open-library-ebook-lending&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> For example, the <a href="/wiki/Princeton_Theological_Seminary_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Princeton Theological Seminary Library">Princeton Theological Seminary Library</a> has described how it and other academic libraries are digitization partners with the Internet Archive: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://library.ptsem.edu/partnering-with-the-internet-archive">"Partnering with the Internet Archive"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Princeton_Theological_Seminary_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Princeton Theological Seminary Library">Princeton Theological Seminary Library</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201130110259/https://library.ptsem.edu/partnering-with-the-internet-archive">Archived</a> from the original on November 30, 2020. Retrieved December 4, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Princeton+Theological+Seminary+Library&rft.atitle=Partnering+with+the+Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flibrary.ptsem.edu%2Fpartnering-with-the-internet-archive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=collection%3A%28texts%29+AND+mediatype%3A%28collection%29&sort=-downloads">"Internet Archive Search: collection:(texts)"</a>. archive.org. Retrieved December 4, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=archive.org&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive+Search%3A+collection%3A%28texts%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fsearch.php%3Fquery%3Dcollection%253A%2528texts%2529%2BAND%2Bmediatype%253A%2528collection%2529%26sort%3D-downloads&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mitpress">"The MIT Press"</a>. archive.org. Retrieved June 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=archive.org&rft.atitle=The+MIT+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmitpress&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHanamura2017" class="citation web cs1">Hanamura, Wendy (May 30, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.archive.org/2017/05/30/mit-press-classics-available-soon-at-archive-org/">"MIT Press Classics Available Soon at Archive.org"</a>. blog.archive.org. Retrieved June 27, 2020. <q>For more than eighty years, MIT Press has been publishing acclaimed titles in science, technology, art and architecture. Now, thanks to a new partnership between the Internet Archive and MIT Press, readers will be able to borrow these classics online for the first time.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=blog.archive.org&rft.atitle=MIT+Press+Classics+Available+Soon+at+Archive.org&rft.date=2017-05-30&rft.aulast=Hanamura&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.archive.org%2F2017%2F05%2F30%2Fmit-press-classics-available-soon-at-archive-org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreen2019" class="citation web cs1">Green, Alex (December 1, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/publisher-news/article/81872-new-takes-on-academic-publishing.html">"New Takes on Academic Publishing: Three university presses find new ways to keep up with a changing market"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Publishers_Weekly" title="Publishers Weekly">Publishers Weekly</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200627161843/https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/publisher-news/article/81872-new-takes-on-academic-publishing.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2020. Retrieved June 27, 2020. <q>Since she became director [of the MIT Press] in 2015, there's little that Brand hasn't reenvisioned at the press. In 2017, the press partnered with the Internet Archive to make its deep backlist available for free at libraries, resurrecting books that had not seen the light of day in generations.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Publishers+Weekly&rft.atitle=New+Takes+on+Academic+Publishing%3A+Three+university+presses+find+new+ways+to+keep+up+with+a+changing+market&rft.date=2019-12-01&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publishersweekly.com%2Fpw%2Fby-topic%2Findustry-news%2Fpublisher-news%2Farticle%2F81872-new-takes-on-academic-publishing.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFreeland2018" class="citation web cs1">Freeland, Chris (May 21, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.archive.org/2018/05/21/internet-archive-awarded-grant-from-arcadia-fund-to-digitize-university-press-collections/">"Internet Archive awarded grant from Arcadia Fund to digitize university press collections"</a>. blog.archive.org. Retrieved June 27, 2020. <q>Internet Archive has received a $1 million dollar grant from Arcadia – a charitable fund of Lisbet Rausing and Peter Baldwin – to digitize titles from university press collections to make them available via controlled digital lending.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=blog.archive.org&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive+awarded+grant+from+Arcadia+Fund+to+digitize+university+press+collections&rft.date=2018-05-21&rft.aulast=Freeland&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.archive.org%2F2018%2F05%2F21%2Finternet-archive-awarded-grant-from-arcadia-fund-to-digitize-university-press-collections%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlbanese2018" class="citation web cs1">Albanese, Andrew (May 25, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/libraries/article/76974-is-it-time-to-rethink-how-we-do-library-advocacy.html">"Internet Archive Lands Grant to Digitize and Lend University Press Collections"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Publishers_Weekly" title="Publishers Weekly">Publishers Weekly</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200627172007/https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/libraries/article/76974-is-it-time-to-rethink-how-we-do-library-advocacy.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2020. 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Cheyenne; Mughal, Yasmeen (2017) [April 2011]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201125170006/https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ebooks/external.html">"External Web Sites – Finding E-books: A Guide – Library of Congress Bibliographies, Research Guides, and Finding Aids (Virtual Programs & Services)"</a>. Library of Congress. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ebooks/external.html">the original</a> on November 25, 2020. Retrieved November 25, 2020. <q>The Internet Archive includes the full text of more than 2.5 million e-books, including e-books supplied by the Library of Congress. Books can be read online or downloaded and read in a variety of formats. E-books from the Internet Archive can also be found through Open Library, an Internet Archive initiative devoted to texts.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Library+of+Congress&rft.atitle=External+Web+Sites+%E2%80%93+Finding+E-books%3A+A+Guide+%E2%80%93+Library+of+Congress+Bibliographies%2C+Research+Guides%2C+and+Finding+Aids+%28Virtual+Programs+%26+Services%29&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Hohman&rft.aufirst=J.+Cheyenne&rft.au=Mughal%2C+Yasmeen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Frr%2Fprogram%2Fbib%2Febooks%2Fexternal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> And: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHohmanMughal2017" class="citation web cs1">Hohman, J. Cheyenne; Mughal, Yasmeen (2017) [April 2011]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210212005106/https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ebooks/devicesformats.html">"Devices and Formats – Finding E-books: A Guide – Library of Congress Bibliographies, Research Guides, and Finding Aids (Virtual Programs & Services)"</a>. Library of Congress. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ebooks/devicesformats.html">the original</a> on February 12, 2021. Retrieved November 25, 2020. <q>Library of Congress publications are available for free download to the Kindle from the Internet Archive. ... The iPad can be used as an e-reader via apps such as iBooks, which support both ePub (.epub) and PDF (.pdf) formats. Both formats are available from the Internet Archive.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Library+of+Congress&rft.atitle=Devices+and+Formats+%E2%80%93+Finding+E-books%3A+A+Guide+%E2%80%93+Library+of+Congress+Bibliographies%2C+Research+Guides%2C+and+Finding+Aids+%28Virtual+Programs+%26+Services%29&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Hohman&rft.aufirst=J.+Cheyenne&rft.au=Mughal%2C+Yasmeen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Frr%2Fprogram%2Fbib%2Febooks%2Fdevicesformats.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/audio">"Download & Streaming : Audio Archive"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20190205122014/https://archive.org/details/audio">Archived</a> from the original on February 5, 2019. Retrieved January 10, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=Download+%26+Streaming+%3A+Audio+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Faudio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-WP-120">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WP_120-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-WP_120-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPritchard2017" class="citation web cs1">Pritchard, Will (August 18, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thevinylfactory.com/features/great-78-project-archive-interview/">"How The Great 78 Project is saving half a million songs from obscurity"</a>. The Vinyl Factory. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107004227/https://thevinylfactory.com/features/great-78-project-archive-interview/">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2017. 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Engadget. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221009003206/https://www.engadget.com/internet-archive-digital-library-of-amateur-radio-and-communications-180509856.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved October 9, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Engadget&rft.atitle=The+Internet+Archive+is+building+a+library+of+amateur+radio+broadcasts&rft.date=2022-10-05&rft.aulast=Holt&rft.aufirst=Kris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2Finternet-archive-digital-library-of-amateur-radio-and-communications-180509856.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arrl.org/news/amateur-radio-digital-communications-grants-continue">"Amateur Radio Digital Communications Grants Continue"</a>. American Radio Relay League. January 27, 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221009003212/http://www.arrl.org/news/amateur-radio-digital-communications-grants-continue">Archived</a> from the original on October 9, 2022. 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Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140404162519/https://archive.org/details/netlabels">Archived</a> from the original on April 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Welcome+to+Netlabels&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnetlabels&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-lifehacker_free_music-125"><a href="#cite_ref-lifehacker_free_music_125-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoswell2006" class="citation web cs1">Boswell, Wendy (October 21, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lifehacker.com/208221/download-free-music-at-the-internet-archive">"Download free music at the Internet Archive"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lifehacker" title="Lifehacker">Lifehacker</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120505115952/http://lifehacker.com/208221/download-free-music-at-the-internet-archive">Archived</a> from the original on May 5, 2012. <q>The Internet Archive has a ginormous collection of free, downloadable music in their NetLabels category ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lifehacker&rft.atitle=Download+free+music+at+the+Internet+Archive&rft.date=2006-10-21&rft.aulast=Boswell&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flifehacker.com%2F208221%2Fdownload-free-music-at-the-internet-archive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/image">"Image"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20220616194450/https://archive.org/details/image">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2022. Retrieved October 12, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Image&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fimage&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/coverartarchive">"Cover Art Archive: Free Image : Download & Streaming"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20170625002924/https://archive.org/details/coverartarchive">Archived</a> from the original on June 25, 2017. Retrieved December 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cover+Art+Archive%3A+Free+Image+%3A+Download+%26+Streaming&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcoverartarchive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/metropolitanmuseumofart-gallery">"Metropolitan Museum of Art – Gallery Images: Free Image : Download & Streaming"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150103140654/https://archive.org/details/metropolitanmuseumofart-gallery">Archived</a> from the original on January 3, 2015. Retrieved December 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art+%E2%80%93+Gallery+Images%3A+Free+Image+%3A+Download+%26+Streaming&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmetropolitanmuseumofart-gallery&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121111124412/http://www.nasaimages.org/">"NASA Images"</a> (archive). Internet Archive. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nasaimages.org/">the original</a> on November 11, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NASA+Images&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnasaimages.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/flickr-ows">"Occupy Wall Street Flickr Archive: Free Image : Download & Streaming"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150103140621/https://archive.org/details/flickr-ows">Archived</a> from the original on January 3, 2015. Retrieved December 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Occupy+Wall+Street+Flickr+Archive%3A+Free+Image+%3A+Download+%26+Streaming&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fflickr-ows&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/maps_usgs">"USGS Maps: Free Image : Download & Streaming"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150103140641/https://archive.org/details/maps_usgs">Archived</a> from the original on January 3, 2015. Retrieved December 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=USGS+Maps%3A+Free+Image+%3A+Download+%26+Streaming&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmaps_usgs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/machinima">"Welcome to Machinima"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130323173619/https://archive.org/details/machinima">Archived</a> from the original on March 23, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Welcome+to+Machinima&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmachinima&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=collection%3Amicrofilm%20AND%20collection%3Aadditional_collections">"Internet Archive Search: collection:microfilm"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160331224824/https://archive.org/search.php?query=collection%3Amicrofilm%20AND%20collection%3Aadditional_collections">Archived</a> from the original on March 31, 2016. Retrieved March 20, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Internet+Archive+Search%3A+collection%3Amicrofilm&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fsearch.php%3Fquery%3Dcollection%253Amicrofilm%2520AND%2520collection%253Aadditional_collections&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/microfilm">"Microfilm"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140320180301/https://archive.org/details/microfilm">Archived</a> from the original on March 20, 2014. Retrieved March 20, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microfilm&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmicrofilm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=collection%3Afeature_films&sort=-%2Fadditional%2Fitem%2Fdownloads">"Internet Archive Search: Collection: Feature Films"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130402214317/https://archive.org/search.php?query=collection%3Afeature_films&sort=-%2Fadditional%2Fitem%2Fdownloads">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2013. Retrieved March 6, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Internet+Archive+Search%3A+Collection%3A+Feature+Films&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fsearch.php%3Fquery%3Dcollection%253Afeature_films%26sort%3D-%252Fadditional%252Fitem%252Fdownloads&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details=FedFlix">"FedFlix"</a>. Internet Archive. Retrieved December 14, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FedFlix&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%3DFedFlix&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sept_11_tv_archive">"September 11th Television Archive"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140403154832/https://archive.org/details/sept_11_tv_archive">Archived</a> from the original on April 3, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=September+11th+Television+Archive&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsept_11_tv_archive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/education">"Download & Streaming : Open Educational Resources"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140702122916/https://archive.org/details/education">Archived</a> from the original on July 2, 2014. Retrieved June 17, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Download+%26+Streaming+%3A+Open+Educational+Resources&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Feducation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tv/">"TV NEWS : Search Captions. Borrow Broadcasts : TV Archive"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130420214957/https://archive.org/details/tv">Archived</a> from the original on April 20, 2013. Retrieved April 13, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TV+NEWS+%3A+Search+Captions.+Borrow+Broadcasts+%3A+TV+Archive&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftv%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFowlerHagey2012" class="citation news cs1">Fowler, Geoffrey A.; Hagey, Keach (September 18, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10000872396390443720204578002592487339454">"Let's Go to the Videotape: Nonprofit Offers News Clips"</a>. The Wall Street Journal Online. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130424135135/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10000872396390443720204578002592487339454.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 24, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Let%27s+Go+to+the+Videotape%3A+Nonprofit+Offers+News+Clips&rft.date=2012-09-18&rft.aulast=Fowler&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey+A.&rft.au=Hagey%2C+Keach&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB10000872396390443720204578002592487339454&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988">(subscription required) </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKahle2012" class="citation web cs1">Kahle, Brewster (September 17, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.archive.org/2012/09/17/launch-of-tv-news-search-borrow-with-350000-broadcasts">"Launch of TV News Search & Borrow with 350,000 Broadcasts"</a>. Internet Archive Blogs. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140813101356/https://blog.archive.org/2012/09/17/launch-of-tv-news-search-borrow-with-350000-broadcasts/">Archived</a> from the original on August 13, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive+Blogs&rft.atitle=Launch+of+TV+News+Search+%26+Borrow+with+350%2C000+Broadcasts&rft.date=2012-09-17&rft.aulast=Kahle&rft.aufirst=Brewster&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.archive.org%2F2012%2F09%2F17%2Flaunch-of-tv-news-search-borrow-with-350000-broadcasts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrownellBenjy_Hansen-Brandy2014" class="citation news cs1">Brownell, Brett; Benjy Hansen-Brandy (May 22, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.motherjones.com/media/2014/05/internet-archive-wayback-machine-brewster-kahle">"Meet the People Behind the Wayback Machine, One of Our Favorite Things About the Internet"</a>. Mother Jones. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140607031007/https://www.motherjones.com/media/2014/05/internet-archive-wayback-machine-brewster-kahle">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2014. Retrieved June 7, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mother+Jones&rft.atitle=Meet+the+People+Behind+the+Wayback+Machine%2C+One+of+Our+Favorite+Things+About+the+Internet&rft.date=2014-05-22&rft.aulast=Brownell&rft.aufirst=Brett&rft.au=Benjy+Hansen-Brandy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motherjones.com%2Fmedia%2F2014%2F05%2Finternet-archive-wayback-machine-brewster-kahle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/brooklynmuseum">"Brooklyn Museum: Free Image : Download & Streaming"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150103140547/https://archive.org/details/brooklynmuseum">Archived</a> from the original on January 3, 2015. Retrieved December 4, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brooklyn+Museum%3A+Free+Image+%3A+Download+%26+Streaming&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbrooklynmuseum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/movies/story/2021-01-28/hollywood-history-lillian-michelson-digital-internet-archive">"Column: Lillian Michelson and her one-of-a-kind film library get a digital Hollywood ending"</a>. Los Angeles Times. January 28, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210208035207/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/movies/story/2021-01-28/hollywood-history-lillian-michelson-digital-internet-archive">Archived</a> from the original on February 8, 2021. Retrieved February 7, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Column%3A+Lillian+Michelson+and+her+one-of-a-kind+film+library+get+a+digital+Hollywood+ending&rft.date=2021-01-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fentertainment-arts%2Fmovies%2Fstory%2F2021-01-28%2Fhollywood-history-lillian-michelson-digital-internet-archive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2011/aug/01/internet-archive-books-brewster-kahle">"Internet Archive founder turns to new information storage device – the book"</a>. The Guardian. August 1, 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130420092930/http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2011/aug/01/internet-archive-books-brewster-kahle">Archived</a> from the original on April 20, 2013. <q>Brewster Kahle, the man behind a project to file every webpage, now wants to gather one copy of every published book</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive+founder+turns+to+new+information+storage+device+%E2%80%93+the+book&rft.date=2011-08-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2011%2Faug%2F01%2Finternet-archive-books-brewster-kahle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071019034848/https://archive.org/details/clasp">"The Internet Archive Classic Software Preservation Project"</a>. Internet Archive. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/clasp">the original</a> on October 19, 2007. Retrieved October 21, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Internet+Archive+Classic+Software+Preservation+Project&rft.pub=Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fclasp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/about/dmca.php">"Internet Archive Gets DMCA Exemption To Help Archive Vintage Software"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071020011825/https://archive.org/about/dmca.php">Archived</a> from the original on October 20, 2007. Retrieved October 21, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Internet+Archive+Gets+DMCA+Exemption+To+Help+Archive+Vintage+Software&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fabout%2Fdmca.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress_Copyright_Office2006" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Copyright_Office" title="United States Copyright Office">Copyright Office</a> (November 27, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071101055030/http://www.copyright.gov/fedreg/2006/71fr68472.html">"Exemption to Prohibition on Circumvention of Copyright Protection Systems for Access Control Technologies"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_Register" title="Federal Register">Federal Register</a>. 71 (227): 68472–68480. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.copyright.gov/fedreg/2006/71fr68472.html">the original</a> on November 1, 2007. Retrieved October 21, 2007. <q>Computer programs and video games distributed in formats that have become obsolete and that require the original media or hardware as a condition of access, when circumvention is accomplished for the purpose of preservation or archival reproduction of published digital works by a library or archive. A format shall be considered obsolete if the machine or system necessary to render perceptible a work stored in that format is no longer manufactured or is no longer reasonably available in the commercial marketplace.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+Register&rft.atitle=Exemption+to+Prohibition+on+Circumvention+of+Copyright+Protection+Systems+for+Access+Control+Technologies&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=227&rft.pages=68472-68480&rft.date=2006-11-27&rft.au=Library+of+Congress+Copyright+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.copyright.gov%2Ffedreg%2F2006%2F71fr68472.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress_Copyright_Office2009" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Copyright_Office" title="United States Copyright Office">Copyright Office</a> (October 28, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.copyright.gov/fedreg/2009/74fr55138.pdf">"Exemption to Prohibition on Circumvention of Copyright Protection Systems for Access Control Technologies"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Federal_Register" title="Federal Register">Federal Register</a>. 27 (206): 55137–55139. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091202003904/http://www.copyright.gov/fedreg/2009/74fr55138.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on December 2, 2009. Retrieved December 17, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+Register&rft.atitle=Exemption+to+Prohibition+on+Circumvention+of+Copyright+Protection+Systems+for+Access+Control+Technologies&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=206&rft.pages=55137-55139&rft.date=2009-10-28&rft.au=Library+of+Congress+Copyright+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.copyright.gov%2Ffedreg%2F2009%2F74fr55138.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75_fr_43825-150"><a href="#cite_ref-75_fr_43825_150-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLibrary_of_Congress_Copyright_Office2010" class="citation journal cs1">Library of Congress Copyright Office (July 27, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/07/27/2010-18339/exemption-to-prohibition-on-circumvention-of-copyright-protection-systems-for-access-control">"Exemption to Prohibition on Circumvention of Copyright Protection Systems for Access Control Technologies"</a>. Federal Register. 75 (143): 43825–43839. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150627172044/https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/07/27/2010-18339/exemption-to-prohibition-on-circumvention-of-copyright-protection-systems-for-access-control">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+Register&rft.atitle=Exemption+to+Prohibition+on+Circumvention+of+Copyright+Protection+Systems+for+Access+Control+Technologies&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=143&rft.pages=43825-43839&rft.date=2010-07-27&rft.au=Library+of+Congress+Copyright+Office&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.federalregister.gov%2Farticles%2F2010%2F07%2F27%2F2010-18339%2Fexemption-to-prohibition-on-circumvention-of-copyright-protection-systems-for-access-control&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobertson2013" class="citation web cs1">Robertson, Adi (October 25, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2013/10/25/5028974/internet-archives-new-historic-software-collection">"The Internet Archive puts Atari games and obsolete software directly in your browser"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Verge" title="The Verge">The Verge</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131027202242/http://www.theverge.com/2013/10/25/5028974/internet-archives-new-historic-software-collection">Archived</a> from the original on October 27, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=The+Internet+Archive+puts+Atari+games+and+obsolete+software+directly+in+your+browser&rft.date=2013-10-25&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=Adi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2013%2F10%2F25%2F5028974%2Finternet-archives-new-historic-software-collection&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOhlheiser2015" class="citation news cs1">Ohlheiser, Abby (January 5, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-switch/wp/2015/01/05/you-can-now-play-nearly-2400-ms-dos-video-games-in-your-browser/">"You can now play nearly 2,400 MS-DOS video games in your browser"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150107210746/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-switch/wp/2015/01/05/you-can-now-play-nearly-2400-ms-dos-video-games-in-your-browser/">Archived</a> from the original on January 7, 2015. Retrieved January 8, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=You+can+now+play+nearly+2%2C400+MS-DOS+video+games+in+your+browser&rft.date=2015-01-05&rft.aulast=Ohlheiser&rft.aufirst=Abby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fblogs%2Fthe-switch%2Fwp%2F2015%2F01%2F05%2Fyou-can-now-play-nearly-2400-ms-dos-video-games-in-your-browser%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott2014" class="citation web cs1">Scott, Jason (December 23, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ascii.textfiles.com/archives/4471">"Each New Boot a Miracle"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150109113609/http://ascii.textfiles.com/archives/4471">Archived</a> from the original on January 9, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Each+New+Boot+a+Miracle&rft.date=2014-12-23&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fascii.textfiles.com%2Farchives%2F4471&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=collection%3Asoftwarelibrary_msdos&page=1">"collection:softwarelibrary_msdos"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150628201230/https://archive.org/search.php?query=collection%3Asoftwarelibrary_msdos&page=1">Archived</a> from the original on June 28, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=collection%3Asoftwarelibrary_msdos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fsearch.php%3Fquery%3Dcollection%253Asoftwarelibrary_msdos%26page%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraft2015" class="citation web cs1">Graft, Kris (March 5, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gamasutra.com/view/news/238156/Saving_video_game_history_begins_right_now.php">"Saving video game history begins right now"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Gamasutra" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamasutra">Gamasutra</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150307161450/http://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/238156/Saving_video_game_history_begins_right_now.php">Archived</a> from the original on March 7, 2015. Retrieved March 5, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gamasutra&rft.atitle=Saving+video+game+history+begins+right+now&rft.date=2015-03-05&rft.aulast=Graft&rft.aufirst=Kris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgamasutra.com%2Fview%2Fnews%2F238156%2FSaving_video_game_history_begins_right_now.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/about/terms.php">"Internet Archive's Terms of Use, Privacy Policy, and Copyright Policy"</a>. December 31, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150103160557/https://archive.org/about/terms.php">Archived</a> from the original on January 3, 2015. Retrieved January 8, 2015. <q>Access to the Archive's Collections is provided at no cost to you and is granted for scholarship and research purposes only.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Internet+Archive%27s+Terms+of+Use%2C+Privacy+Policy%2C+and+Copyright+Policy&rft.date=2014-12-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fabout%2Fterms.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLu2015" class="citation news cs1">Lu, Kathy (January 12, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kansascity.com/entertainment/article6061104.html">"Time suck alert: 'Pac-Man' among thousands of MS-DOS games available for free"</a>. The Kansas City Star. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161220192530/http://www.kansascity.com/entertainment/article6061104.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 20, 2016. Retrieved December 7, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Kansas+City+Star&rft.atitle=Time+suck+alert%3A+%27Pac-Man%27+among+thousands+of+MS-DOS+games+available+for+free&rft.date=2015-01-12&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Kathy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kansascity.com%2Fentertainment%2Farticle6061104.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Neil2015" class="citation news cs1">O'Neil, Lauren (January 7, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/newsblogs/yourcommunity/2015/01/90s-kids-rejoice-as-internet-archive-releases-2300-ms-dos-games-for-free.html">"90's kids rejoice as Internet Archive releases 2,300 MS-DOS games for free – Your Community"</a>. CBCNEWS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161017084634/http://www.cbc.ca/newsblogs/yourcommunity/2015/01/90s-kids-rejoice-as-internet-archive-releases-2300-ms-dos-games-for-free.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 17, 2016. Retrieved December 7, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBCNEWS&rft.atitle=90%27s+kids+rejoice+as+Internet+Archive+releases+2%2C300+MS-DOS+games+for+free+%E2%80%93+Your+Community&rft.date=2015-01-07&rft.aulast=O%27Neil&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnewsblogs%2Fyourcommunity%2F2015%2F01%2F90s-kids-rejoice-as-internet-archive-releases-2300-ms-dos-games-for-free.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell2020" class="citation web cs1">Campbell, Ian Carlos (November 19, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2020/11/19/21578616/internet-archive-preservation-flash-animations-games-adobe">"The Internet Archive is now preserving Flash games and animations"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Verge" title="The Verge">The Verge</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201120014816/https://www.theverge.com/2020/11/19/21578616/internet-archive-preservation-flash-animations-games-adobe">Archived</a> from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved November 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=The+Internet+Archive+is+now+preserving+Flash+games+and+animations&rft.date=2020-11-19&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Ian+Carlos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2020%2F11%2F19%2F21578616%2Finternet-archive-preservation-flash-animations-games-adobe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ttscribe1-160"><a href="#cite_ref-ttscribe1_160-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tabletopscribesystem">"Table Top Scribe System"</a>. Internet Archive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181010084141/https://archive.org/details/tabletopscribesystem">Archived</a> from the original on October 10, 2018. Retrieved October 23, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=Table+Top+Scribe+System&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftabletopscribesystem&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LinuxsSavesCongress-161"><a href="#cite_ref-LinuxsSavesCongress_161-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStutz2007" class="citation web cs1">Stutz, Michael (March 28, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.linux.com/news/linux-help-library-congress-save-american-history">"Linux to help the Library of Congress save American history"</a>. Linux.com. The Linux foundation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171023085241/https://www.linux.com/news/linux-help-library-congress-save-american-history">Archived</a> from the original on October 23, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Linux.com&rft.atitle=Linux+to+help+the+Library+of+Congress+save+American+history&rft.date=2007-03-28&rft.aulast=Stutz&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linux.com%2Fnews%2Flinux-help-library-congress-save-american-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrozniak2015" class="citation news cs1">Strozniak, Peter (December 18, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cutimes.com/2015/12/18/death-of-a-credit-union-internet-archive-fcu-volun/">"Death of a Credit Union: Internet Archive FCU Voluntarily Liquidates"</a>. Credit Union Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191006060504/https://www.cutimes.com/2015/12/18/death-of-a-credit-union-internet-archive-fcu-volun/">Archived</a> from the original on October 6, 2019. Retrieved October 6, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Credit+Union+Times&rft.atitle=Death+of+a+Credit+Union%3A+Internet+Archive+FCU+Voluntarily+Liquidates&rft.date=2015-12-18&rft.aulast=Strozniak&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cutimes.com%2F2015%2F12%2F18%2Fdeath-of-a-credit-union-internet-archive-fcu-volun%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.archive.org/2015/11/24/difficult-times-at-our-credit-union/">"Difficult Times at our Credit Union"</a>. Internet Archive Blogs. November 24, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190616165210/http://blog.archive.org/2015/11/24/difficult-times-at-our-credit-union/">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2019. Retrieved October 6, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive+Blogs&rft.atitle=Difficult+Times+at+our+Credit+Union&rft.date=2015-11-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.archive.org%2F2015%2F11%2F24%2Fdifficult-times-at-our-credit-union%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.archive.org/2019/03/24/coming-this-summer-the-first-dweb-camp/">"Coming this Summer: The First DWeb Camp | Internet Archive Blogs"</a>. March 24, 2019. Retrieved July 4, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Coming+this+Summer%3A+The+First+DWeb+Camp+%7C+Internet+Archive+Blogs&rft.date=2019-03-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.archive.org%2F2019%2F03%2F24%2Fcoming-this-summer-the-first-dweb-camp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dwebcamp.org/">"DWeb Camp 2023"</a>. dwebcamp.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230703083648/http://dwebcamp.org/">Archived</a> from the original on July 3, 2023. 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Tech Spot.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Internet+Archive+reaches+an+agreement+with+publishers+in+digital+book-lending+case&rft.date=2023-08-14&rft.aulast=Maruccia&rft.aufirst=Alfonso&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.techspot.com%2Fnews%2F99769-internet-archive-reaches-agreement-publishers-digital-book-lending.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-215"><a href="#cite_ref-215">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHollister2023" class="citation web cs1">Hollister, Sean (March 25, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2023/3/24/23655804/internet-archive-hatchette-publisher-ebook-library-lawsuit">"The Internet Archive has lost its first fight to scan and lend e-books like a library"</a>. The Verge. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230325001705/https://www.theverge.com/2023/3/24/23655804/internet-archive-hatchette-publisher-ebook-library-lawsuit">Archived</a> from the original on March 25, 2023. Retrieved March 25, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=The+Internet+Archive+has+lost+its+first+fight+to+scan+and+lend+e-books+like+a+library&rft.date=2023-03-25&rft.aulast=Hollister&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2023%2F3%2F24%2F23655804%2Finternet-archive-hatchette-publisher-ebook-library-lawsuit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-216"><a href="#cite_ref-216">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHernandez2023" class="citation news cs1">Hernandez, Joe (March 26, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2023/03/26/1166101459/internet-archive-lawsuit-books-library-publishers">"A judge sided with publishers in a lawsuit over the Internet Archive's online library"</a>. NPR. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230327010123/https://www.npr.org/2023/03/26/1166101459/internet-archive-lawsuit-books-library-publishers">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2023. Retrieved March 27, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+judge+sided+with+publishers+in+a+lawsuit+over+the+Internet+Archive%27s+online+library&rft.date=2023-03-26&rft.aulast=Hernandez&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2023%2F03%2F26%2F1166101459%2Finternet-archive-lawsuit-books-library-publishers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wired-4sep2024-217"><a href="#cite_ref-wired-4sep2024_217-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnibbs2024" class="citation magazine cs1">Knibbs, Kate (September 4, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/story/internet-archive-loses-hachette-books-case-appeal/">"The Internet Archive Loses Its Appeal of a Major Copyright Case"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wired_(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)">WIRED</a>. Retrieved September 4, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WIRED&rft.atitle=The+Internet+Archive+Loses+Its+Appeal+of+a+Major+Copyright+Case&rft.date=2024-09-04&rft.aulast=Knibbs&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fstory%2Finternet-archive-loses-hachette-books-case-appeal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MIP-218">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MIP_218-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MIP_218-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/2865693633">"Internet Archive could face major hurdles in latest case"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Managing_Intellectual_Property" title="Managing Intellectual Property">Managing Intellectual Property</a>. 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Retrieved October 1, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive%3A+Inside+the+%24621+Million+Legal+Battle+for+the+%27Soul+of+the+Internet%27&rft.date=2024-09-29&rft.aulast=Blistein&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmusic%2Fmusic-features%2Finternet-archive-major-label-music-lawsuit-1235105273%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooke2024" class="citation news cs1">Cooke, Chris (February 23, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://completemusicupdate.com/internet-archives-crackle-based-fair-use-defence-in-copyright-case-is-perverted-say-labels/">"Internet Archive's crackle based 'fair use' defence in copyright case is perverted, say labels"</a>. Complete Music Update. Retrieved April 15, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Internet+Archive%27s+crackle+based+%27fair+use%27+defence+in+copyright+case+is+perverted%2C+say+labels&rft.date=2024-02-23&rft.aulast=Cooke&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcompletemusicupdate.com%2Finternet-archives-crackle-based-fair-use-defence-in-copyright-case-is-perverted-say-labels%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">Library resources</a> about Internet Archive <hr /></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Internet+Archive">Resources in your library</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=wp&su=Internet+Archive&library=0CHOOSE0">Resources in other libraries</a></li> </ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKahle,_Brewster1996" class="citation news cs1">Kahle, Brewster (November 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19971011050140/https://www.archive.org/sciam_article.html">"Archiving the Internet"</a>. Scientific America. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archive.org/sciam_article.html">the original</a> on October 11, 1997.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+America&rft.atitle=Archiving+the+Internet&rft.date=1996-11&rft.au=Kahle%2C+Brewster&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.archive.org%2Fsciam_article.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKahle,_Brewster2013" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Brewster_Kahle" title="Brewster Kahle">Kahle, Brewster</a> (November 6, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.archive.org/2013/11/06/scanning-center-fire-please-help-rebuild/">"Scanning Center Fire – Please Help Rebuild"</a>. Internet Archive Blogs.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Archive+Blogs&rft.atitle=Scanning+Center+Fire+%E2%80%93+Please+Help+Rebuild&rft.date=2013-11-06&rft.au=Kahle%2C+Brewster&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.archive.org%2F2013%2F11%2F06%2Fscanning-center-fire-please-help-rebuild%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLepore,_Jill2015" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jill_Lepore" title="Jill Lepore">Lepore, Jill</a> (January 26, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/01/26/cobweb">"The Cobweb"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=The+Cobweb&rft.date=2015-01-26&rft.au=Lepore%2C+Jill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fmagazine%2F2015%2F01%2F26%2Fcobweb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRingmar,_Erik2008" class="citation news cs1">Ringmar, Erik (April 10, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?storycode=401386">"Liberate and Disseminate"</a>. Times Higher Education Supplement.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+Higher+Education+Supplement&rft.atitle=Liberate+and+Disseminate&rft.date=2008-04-10&rft.au=Ringmar%2C+Erik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeshighereducation.co.uk%2Fstory.asp%3Fstorycode%3D401386&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+Archive" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable selfref">For help citing the Wayback Machine (an Internet Archive service) on this version of Wikipedia, see <a href="/wiki/Help:Using_the_Wayback_Machine" title="Help:Using the Wayback Machine">Help:Using the Wayback Machine</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Internet_Archive" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.archive.org/">Internet Archive Scholar</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/943242767">"Internet Archive Internal Revenue Service filings"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ProPublica" title="ProPublica">ProPublica</a> Nonprofit Explorer.</cite><span 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aria-labelledby="Internet_Archive" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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title="Special:EditPage/Template:Internet Archive navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Internet_Archive" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Internet Archive</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Universal access to all knowledge</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PetaBox" title="PetaBox">PetaBox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">Open Library</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#NASA_Images">NASA Images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Content_Alliance" title="Open Content Alliance">Open Content Alliance</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Archive-It">Archive-It</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SFlan" class="mw-redirect" title="SFlan">SFlan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive_Scholar" title="Internet Archive Scholar">Internet Archive Scholar</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg/100px-Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg/150px-Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg/200px-Internet_Archive_logo_and_wordmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="583" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Partners and Collaborators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_Alexandrina" title="Bibliotheca Alexandrina">Bibliotheca Alexandrina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Libraries_(collection)" title="American Libraries (collection)">American Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Libraries_(collection)" title="Canadian Libraries (collection)">Canadian Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_Heritage_Library" title="Biodiversity Heritage Library">Biodiversity Heritage Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_P._Sloan_Foundation" title="Alfred P. Sloan Foundation">Sloan Foundation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Collections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive%27s_images_collection" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Archive's images collection">Image</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#NASA_Images">NASA Images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libre_Map_Project" title="Libre Map Project">Libre Map Project</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Text_collection">Texts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Libraries_(collection)" title="American Libraries (collection)">American Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Libraries_(collection)" title="Canadian Libraries (collection)">Canadian Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive%27s_Children%27s_Library" title="Internet Archive's Children's Library">Children's Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RECAP_US_Federal_Court_Documents_(collection)" class="mw-redirect" title="RECAP US Federal Court Documents (collection)">RECAP US Federal Court Documents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microfilm_(collection)" class="mw-redirect" title="Microfilm (collection)">Microfilm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/US_Government_Documents" title="US Government Documents">US Government Documents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Schwartzman#Collected_texts_of_Simon_Schwartzman" title="Simon Schwartzman">Collected texts of Simon Schwartzman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Audio_collection">Audio</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Live_Music_Archive" title="Live Music Archive">Live Music Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Moving_image_collection">Video</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#NASA_Images">NASA Images</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public.Resource.Org#FedFlix" title="Public.Resource.Org">FedFlix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_Now!#Democracy_Now!_collection_at_the_Internet_Archive" title="Democracy Now!">Democracy Now!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Stokes" title="Marion Stokes">Marion Stokes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Software">Software</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Open_Educational_Resources">Open Educational Resources</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Brewster_Kahle" title="Brewster Kahle">Brewster Kahle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Prelinger" title="Rick Prelinger">Rick Prelinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Rumsey" title="David Rumsey">David Rumsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Scott" title="Jason Scott">Jason Scott</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heritrix" title="Heritrix">Heritrix</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panorama_Ephemera" title="Panorama Ephemera">Panorama Ephemera</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recorder:_The_Marion_Stokes_Project" title="Recorder: The Marion Stokes Project">Recorder: The Marion Stokes Project</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hachette_v._Internet_Archive" title="Hachette v. Internet Archive">Hachette v. Internet Archive</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ebooks" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ebooks" title="Template:Ebooks"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ebooks" title="Template talk:Ebooks"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ebooks" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ebooks"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ebooks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ebook" title="Ebook">Ebooks</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_e-book_formats" title="Comparison of e-book formats">Formats</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EPUB" title="EPUB">ePub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FictionBook" title="FictionBook">FictionBook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comic_book_archive" title="Comic book archive">CBR/CBZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kindle_File_Format" title="Kindle File Format">Kindle File Format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobipocket" title="Mobipocket">Mobipocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Text_file" title="Text file">Plain text</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBooks_Author" class="mw-redirect" title="IBooks Author">IBA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reading</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/E-reader" title="E-reader">Devices</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Kindle" title="Amazon Kindle">Amazon Kindle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnes_%26_Noble_Nook" title="Barnes & Noble Nook">Barnes & Noble Nook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bookeen" title="Bookeen">Bookeen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elonex_ebook" class="mw-redirect" title="Elonex ebook">Elonex ebook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EnTourage_eDGe" title="EnTourage eDGe">enTourage eDGe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanlin_eReader" title="Hanlin eReader">Hanlin eReader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPad" title="IPad">iPad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRiver_Story" title="IRiver Story">iRiver Story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobo_eReader" title="Kobo eReader">Kobo eReader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onyx_Boox" title="Onyx Boox">Onyx Boox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_Logic" title="Plastic Logic">Plastic Logic Reader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PocketBook_International" title="PocketBook International">PocketBook eReader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_eBook" title="Rocket eBook">Rocket eBook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SoftBook" title="SoftBook">SoftBook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">Smartphones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tablet_computer" title="Tablet computer">Tablets</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Acrobat" title="Adobe Acrobat">Adobe Acrobat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_Digital_Editions" title="Adobe Digital Editions">Adobe Digital Editions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldiko" title="Aldiko">Aldiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Books" title="Apple Books">Apple Books</a> (iBooks)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakuten_Aquafadas" class="mw-redirect" title="Rakuten Aquafadas">Aquafadas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blio" title="Blio">Blio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluefire_Reader" title="Bluefire Reader">Bluefire Reader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calibre_(software)" title="Calibre (software)">Calibre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBReader" title="FBReader">FBReader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foliate_(software)" title="Foliate (software)">Foliate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Play_Books" title="Google Play Books">Google Play Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kindle_app" class="mw-redirect" title="Kindle app">Kindle app</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitabu" title="Kitabu">Kitabu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobo_Inc." title="Kobo Inc.">Kobo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lector_(software)" title="Lector (software)">Lector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lektz" title="Lektz">Lektz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucifox" title="Lucifox">Lucifox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Reader" title="Microsoft Reader">Microsoft Reader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MuPDF" title="MuPDF">MuPDF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okular" title="Okular">Okular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OverDrive_Media_Console" title="OverDrive Media Console">OverDrive Media Console</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snapplify" title="Snapplify">Snapplify</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STDU_Viewer" title="STDU Viewer">STDU Viewer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumatra_PDF" title="Sumatra PDF">Sumatra PDF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Editing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ABBYY_FineReader" title="ABBYY FineReader">ABBYY FineReader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AbiWord" title="AbiWord">AbiWord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_InDesign" title="Adobe InDesign">Adobe InDesign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe_RoboHelp" title="Adobe RoboHelp">Adobe RoboHelp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakuten_Aquafadas" class="mw-redirect" title="Rakuten Aquafadas">Aquafadas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantis_Word_Processor" title="Atlantis Word Processor">Atlantis Word Processor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booktype" title="Booktype">Booktype</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calibre_(software)" title="Calibre (software)">Calibre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calligra" title="Calligra">Calligra Author</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collabora_Online" title="Collabora Online">Collabora Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EXeLearning" title="EXeLearning">eXeLearning</a></li> <li>Help & Manual</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HelpNDoc" title="HelpNDoc">HelpNDoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBooks_Author" class="mw-redirect" title="IBooks Author">iBooks Author</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IStudio_Publisher" title="IStudio Publisher">iStudio Publisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaTeX" title="LaTeX">LaTeX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LibreOffice" title="LibreOffice">LibreOffice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MadCap_Software" title="MadCap Software">MadCap Flare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxygen_XML_Editor" title="Oxygen XML Editor">Oxygen XML Editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PagePlus" title="PagePlus">PagePlus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pages_(word_processor)" title="Pages (word processor)">Pages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuarkXPress" title="QuarkXPress">QuarkXPress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrivener_(software)" title="Scrivener (software)">Scrivener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigil_(application)" title="Sigil (application)">Sigil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Writer2epub" title="Writer2epub">Writer2epub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Ebook_suppliers" title="Category:Ebook suppliers">Vendors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commercial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Books" title="Apple Books">Apple Books Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kindle_Store" title="Kindle Store">Amazon Kindle Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baen_Free_Library" title="Baen Free Library">Baen Free Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnes_%26_Noble" title="Barnes & Noble">Barnes & Noble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booktrack" title="Booktrack">Booktrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BookWalker" title="BookWalker">BookWalker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feedbooks" title="Feedbooks">Feedbooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Play" title="Google Play">Google Play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarir_Bookstore" title="Jarir Bookstore">Jarir.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobo_Inc." title="Kobo Inc.">Kobo Bookstore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Reader" title="Sony Reader">Sony Reader Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smashwords" title="Smashwords">Smashwords</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Noncommercial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aozora_Bunko" title="Aozora Bunko">Aozora Bunko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faded_Page" class="mw-redirect" title="Faded Page">Faded Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HathiTrust" title="HathiTrust">HathiTrust</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg_Australia" title="Project Gutenberg Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg_Canada" title="Project Gutenberg Canada">Canada</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Ebooks" title="Standard Ebooks">Standard Ebooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_journal_publishing_reform" title="Academic journal publishing reform">Academic journal publishing reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book" title="Book">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braille_e-book" title="Braille e-book">Braille e-book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_e-readers" title="Comparison of e-readers">Comparison of ebook readers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_iOS_e-reader_software" title="Comparison of iOS e-reader software">Comparison of iOS ebook reader software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Android_e-reader_software" title="Comparison of Android e-reader software">Comparison of Android ebook reader software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-book_lending" title="E-book lending">E-book lending</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_publishing" title="Electronic publishing">Electronic publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBooks_Author_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="IBooks Author Conference">iBooks Author Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Digital_Publishing_Forum" title="International Digital Publishing Forum">International Digital Publishing Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kindle_single" title="Kindle single">Kindle single</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Publication_Distribution_System" title="Open Publication Distribution System">OPDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reflowable_document" title="Reflowable document">Reflowable document</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-publishing" title="Self-publishing">Self-publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semantic_publishing" title="Semantic publishing">Semantic publishing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tor_onion_services" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tor_onion_services" title="Template:Tor onion services"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tor_onion_services" title="Template talk:Tor onion services"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tor_onion_services" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tor onion services"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tor_onion_services" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tor_(network)#Onion_services" title="Tor (network)">Tor onion services</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Tor_onion_services" title="List of Tor onion services">List</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Tor_onion_services" title="Category:Tor onion services">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Search_engine" title="Search engine">Search engines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahmia" title="Ahmia">Ahmia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brave_Search" title="Brave Search">Brave Search</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DuckDuckGo" title="DuckDuckGo">DuckDuckGo</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliqz" title="Cliqz">Cliqz</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grams_(search)" title="Grams (search)">Grams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MetaGer" title="MetaGer">MetaGer</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Searx" title="Searx">Searx</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/News" title="News">News</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellingcat" title="Bellingcat">Bellingcat</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Current_Time_TV" title="Current Time TV">Current Time TV</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die_Tageszeitung" title="Die Tageszeitung">Die Tageszeitung</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Welle" title="Deutsche Welle">Deutsche Welle</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Stormer" title="The Daily Stormer">The Daily Stormer</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darknetlive" title="Darknetlive">Darknetlive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeepDotWeb" title="DeepDotWeb">DeepDotWeb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ProPublica" title="ProPublica">ProPublica</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Asia" title="Radio Free Asia">Radio Free Asia</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Free_Europe/Radio_Liberty" title="Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty">Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indymedia" title="Indymedia">Independent Media Center</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Intercept" title="The Intercept">The Intercept</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ProPublica" title="ProPublica">ProPublica</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_of_America" title="Voice of America">Voice of America</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/File_system" title="File system">File storage</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peer-to-peer" title="Peer-to-peer">peer-to-peer</a> <a href="/wiki/File_sharing" title="File sharing">file sharing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BTDigg" title="BTDigg">BTDigg</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Hosting" title="Freedom Hosting">Freedom Hosting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Haven_Project" title="Free Haven Project">Free Haven Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KickassTorrents" title="KickassTorrents">KickassTorrents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pirate_Bay" title="The Pirate Bay">The Pirate Bay</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mailbox_provider" title="Mailbox provider">Email</a> and <a href="/wiki/Instant_messaging" title="Instant messaging">instant messaging</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bitmessage" title="Bitmessage">Bitmessage.ch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briar_(software)" title="Briar (software)">Briar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keybase" title="Keybase">Keybase</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proton_Mail" title="Proton Mail">Proton Mail</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riseup" title="Riseup">Riseup</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tor_Mail" title="Tor Mail">Tor Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TorChat" title="TorChat">TorChat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Social_media" title="Social media">Social media</a> and <a href="/wiki/Internet_forum" title="Internet forum">forums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/8chan" title="8chan">8chan</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark0de" title="Dark0de">Dark0de</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dread_(forum)" title="Dread (forum)">Dread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facebook_onion_address" title="Facebook onion address"> Facebook</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HackBB" title="HackBB">HackBB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hub_(forum)" title="The Hub (forum)">The Hub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reddit" title="Reddit">Reddit</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiwi_Farms" title="Kiwi Farms">Kiwi Farms</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hidden_Wiki" title="The Hidden Wiki">The Hidden Wiki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Financial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blockchain.com" title="Blockchain.com">Blockchain.com</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grams_(search)#Helix" title="Grams (search)">Helix</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Darknet_market" title="Darknet market">Darknet markets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agora_(online_marketplace)" title="Agora (online marketplace)">Agora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AlphaBay" title="AlphaBay">AlphaBay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantis_(market)" title="Atlantis (market)">Atlantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archetyp_Market" title="Archetyp Market">Archetyp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Market_Reloaded" title="Black Market Reloaded">Black Market Reloaded</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dream_Market" title="Dream Market">Dream Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolution_(marketplace)" title="Evolution (marketplace)">Evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Farmer%27s_Market" title="The Farmer's Market">The Farmer's Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hansa_(market)" title="Hansa (market)">Hansa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydra_Market" title="Hydra Market">Hydra Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheep_Marketplace" title="Sheep Marketplace">Sheep Marketplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silk_Road_(marketplace)" title="Silk Road (marketplace)">Silk Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TheRealDeal" title="TheRealDeal">TheRealDeal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Anonymous_Marketplace" title="Russian Anonymous Marketplace">Russian Anonymous Marketplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tor_Carding_Forum" title="Tor Carding Forum">Tor Carding Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopia_(marketplace)" title="Utopia (marketplace)">Utopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Market" title="White House Market">White House Market</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archive" title="Archive">Document archives</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">Archive.today</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doxbin_(darknet)" title="Doxbin (darknet)">Doxbin (darknet)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Internet Archive</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sci-Hub" title="Sci-Hub">Sci-Hub</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z-Library" title="Z-Library">Z-Library</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nonprofit_organization" title="Nonprofit organization">Nonprofit organizations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_Frontier_Foundation" title="Electronic Frontier Foundation">Electronic Frontier Foundation</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_Press_Foundation" title="Freedom of the Press Foundation">Freedom of the Press Foundation</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front_Line_Defenders" title="Front Line Defenders">Front Line Defenders</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Quadrature_du_Net" title="La Quadrature du Net">La Quadrature du Net</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privacy_International" title="Privacy International">Privacy International</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecomix" title="Telecomix">Telecomix</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DivestOS" title="DivestOS">DivestOS</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qubes_OS" title="Qubes OS">Qubes OS</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tails_(operating_system)" title="Tails (operating system)">Tails</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whonix" title="Whonix">Whonix</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Whistleblowing" title="Whistleblowing">Whistleblowing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Distributed_Denial_of_Secrets" title="Distributed Denial of Secrets">Distributed Denial of Secrets</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associated_Whistleblowing_Press#Filtrala" title="Associated Whistleblowing Press">Filtrala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GlobaLeaks" title="GlobaLeaks">GlobaLeaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associated_Whistleblowing_Press#Ljost" title="Associated Whistleblowing Press">Ljost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawaat#Nawaatleaks" title="Nawaat">NawaatLeaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SecureDrop" title="SecureDrop">SecureDrop</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WikiLeaks" title="WikiLeaks">WikiLeaks</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephant_Action_League#WildLeaks_Project" title="Elephant Action League">WildLeaks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pornography" title="Pornography">Pornography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boystown_(website)" title="Boystown (website)">Boystown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childs_Play_(website)" title="Childs Play (website)">Childs Play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lolita_City" title="Lolita City">Lolita City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playpen_(website)" title="Playpen (website)">Playpen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornhub" title="Pornhub">Pornhub</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welcome_to_Video_case" title="Welcome to Video case">Welcome to Video</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1.1.1.1" title="1.1.1.1">1.1.1.1</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brave_(web_browser)" title="Brave (web browser)">Brave</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEF_CON" title="DEF CON">DEF CON</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-Droid" title="F-Droid">F-Droid</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mailpile" title="Mailpile">Mailpile</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mullvad" title="Mullvad">Mullvad</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Njalla" title="Njalla">Njalla</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OnionShare" title="OnionShare">OnionShare</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terms_of_Service;_Didn%27t_Read" title="Terms of Service; Didn't Read">Terms of Service; Didn't Read</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Sites in italics are now offline or discontinued (not counting ambiguously <a href="/wiki/Fork_(software_development)" title="Fork (software development)">forked</a> sites). <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tor_(network)#Onion_services" title="Tor (network)">Tor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.onion" title=".onion">.onion domain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tor2web" title="Tor2web">Tor2web</a></li> <li> *Maintains additional presence on the surface web </li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000492602112">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/123343900">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1222513323">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2001062537">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb170635025">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb170635025">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an54356800">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9812682187005606">Poland</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007594621105171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1602304">Trove</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/219991014">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/label/44eb567e-3e38-4936-ba6c-751e2627e649">MusicBrainz label</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6b33t8m">SNAC</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&oldid=1258529508">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_Archive&oldid=1258529508</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Internet_Archive" title="Category:Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1996_establishments_in_California" title="Category:1996 establishments in California">1996 establishments in California</a></li><li><a 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