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<div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu principal</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Nabegaçon </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Biquip%C3%A9dia:P%C3%A1igina_percipal" title="Besitar la páigina percipal [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Páigina percipal</span></a></li><li id="n-forum" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Biquip%C3%A9dia:Taberna"><span>Taberna</span></a></li><li id="n-adminhelp" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Biquip%C3%A9dia:Pedidos_als_admenistradores"><span>Pedidos als admenistradores</span></a></li><li id="n-embassy" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Biquip%C3%A9dia:Ambaixada"><span>Ambaixada</span></a></li><li id="n-noticeboard" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Biquip%C3%A9dia:Traba_de_ls_abisos"><span>Traba de ls abisos</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Aleat%C3%B3ria" title="Ber páigina al calhas [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Páigina al calhas</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-collaborate" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-collaborate" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Colaboraçon </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:P%C3%A1igina_percipal" title="L lhugar cun anformaçon pa ajuda."><span>Ajuda</span></a></li><li id="n-sandbox" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Biquip%C3%A9dia:P%C3%A1igina_de_testes"><span>Páigina de testes</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Biquip%C3%A9dia:Portal_de_la_quemunidade" title="Subre l porjeto, l que puodes fazer, i adonde ancuntrar las cousas"><span>Portal de la quemunidade</span></a></li><li id="n-welcome" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Biquip%C3%A9dia:Acolhimiento_para_lhus%C3%B3fonos"><span>Acolhimiento para lhusófonos</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Mudan%C3%A7as_recentes" title="Ua lhista de redadeiras altaraçones nesta biqui. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Redadeiras altaraçones</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:P%C3%A1ginas_novas"><span>Páiginas nuobas</span></a></li><li id="n-store" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//store.wikimedia.org/"><span>Loija de la Biquipédia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Biquip%C3%A9dia:P%C3%A1igina_percipal" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Biquipédia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-mwl.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="la anciclopédia lhibre" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-mwl.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Pesquisar" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Percurar an Biquipédia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Percura</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Percurar an Biquipédia" aria-label="Percurar an Biquipédia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Percurar an Biquipédia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Pesquisar"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Percurar</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Ferramientas pessonales"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspeto"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aspeto" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aspeto</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_mwl.wikipedia.org&uselang=mwl" class=""><span>Donaçones</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Criar_Cuonta&returnto=Cumpilador" title="Ye ancorajado a criar ua cuonta i ampeçar sesson; inda assi, nun ye oubrigatório" class=""><span>Criar ua cuonta</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Antrar&returnto=Cumpilador" title="Tu sós animado pa que te outentiques, inda que esso nun seia oubrigatório. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Antrar</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Mais opções" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ferramientas pessonales" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ferramientas pessonales</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="Menu do utilizador" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_mwl.wikipedia.org&uselang=mwl"><span>Donaçones</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Contribute"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>Contribuir</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Criar_Cuonta&returnto=Cumpilador" title="Ye ancorajado a criar ua cuonta i ampeçar sesson; inda assi, nun ye oubrigatório"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Criar ua cuonta</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Antrar&returnto=Cumpilador" title="Tu sós animado pa que te outentiques, inda que esso nun seia oubrigatório. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Antrar</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Páginas para editores sem sessão iniciada <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introduction" aria-label="Saiba mais sobre edição"><span>saber mais</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Minha_discuss%C3%A3o" title="Discussão sobre edições feitas a partir deste endereço IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Cumbersa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="''Site''"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Conteúdo" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Conteúdo</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Início</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Stória" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stória"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Stória</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stória-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caratelísticas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caratelísticas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Caratelísticas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caratelísticas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fases_de_la_cumpilaçon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fases_de_la_cumpilaçon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Fases de la cumpilaçon</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fases_de_la_cumpilaçon-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Alternar a subsecção Fases de la cumpilaçon</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Fases_de_la_cumpilaçon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Análeze_léxica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Análeze_léxica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Análeze léxica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Análeze_léxica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Análeze_sintática" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Análeze_sintática"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Análeze sintática</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Análeze_sintática-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Análeze_semántica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Análeze_semántica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Análeze semántica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Análeze_semántica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geraçon_de_código_antermediairo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geraçon_de_código_antermediairo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Geraçon de código antermediairo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geraçon_de_código_antermediairo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Outimizaçon_de_código" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outimizaçon_de_código"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Outimizaçon de código</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outimizaçon_de_código-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geraçon_de_código_final" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geraçon_de_código_final"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Geraçon de código final</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geraçon_de_código_final-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tratamiento_d'erros" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tratamiento_d'erros"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Tratamiento d'erros</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tratamiento_d'erros-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ber_tamien" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ber_tamien"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ber tamien</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ber_tamien-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Refréncias" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Refréncias"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Refréncias</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Refréncias-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ligaçones_sternas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ligaçones_sternas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Ligaçones sternas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ligaçones_sternas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cumpilador</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 94 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-94" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">94 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertalerkonstruksie" title="Vertalerkonstruksie — africanês" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Vertalerkonstruksie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="africanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilador" title="Compilador — Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Compilador" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%81_(%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A9)" title="مصرف (حوسبة) — Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مصرف (حوسبة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilador" title="Compilador — Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Compilador" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompilyator" title="Kompilyator — Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kompilyator" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%84%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%AC%DB%8C_(%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B1)" title="درلییجی (کامپایلر) — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="درلییجی (کامپایلر)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Кампілятар — Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кампілятар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Кампілятар — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кампілятар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Компилатор — Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Компилатор" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="কম্পাইলার — bengalês" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কম্পাইলার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompiler" title="Kompiler — Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kompiler" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompajler" title="Kompajler — Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kompajler" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilador" title="Compilador — Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Compilador" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%95%D8%B1" title="کۆمپایلەر — Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کۆمپایلەر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%99eklada%C4%8D" title="Překladač — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Překladač" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler — Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Compiler" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler — German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Compiler" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%AAkerdo%C4%9F" title="Arêkerdoğ — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Arêkerdoğ" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%89%CF%84%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82_(%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%82)" title="Μεταγλωττιστής (υπολογιστές) — Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μεταγλωττιστής (υπολογιστές)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler — English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Compiler" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tradukilo" title="Tradukilo — Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tradukilo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilador" title="Compilador — Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Compilador" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompilaator" title="Kompilaator — estónio" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kompilaator" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konpiladore" title="Konpiladore — Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Konpiladore" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B1" title="کامپایلر — Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کامپایلر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohjelmointikielen_k%C3%A4%C3%A4nt%C3%A4j%C3%A4" title="Ohjelmointikielen kääntäjä — Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ohjelmointikielen kääntäjä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilateur" title="Compilateur — French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Compilateur" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiomsaitheoir" title="Tiomsaitheoir — Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Tiomsaitheoir" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilador" title="Compilador — Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Compilador" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler — haúça" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Compiler" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haúça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%94%D7%93%D7%A8" title="מהדר — Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מהדר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%95" title="अनुभाषक — hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अनुभाषक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jezi%C4%8Dni_prevoditelj" title="Jezični prevoditelj — Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Jezični prevoditelj" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompilator" title="Kompilator — Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Kompilator" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford%C3%ADt%C3%B3program" title="Fordítóprogram — Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fordítóprogram" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%BA%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%80" title="Կոմպիլյատոր — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կոմպիլյատոր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilator" title="Compilator — Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Compilator" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompilator" title="Kompilator — Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kompilator" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manggupgop" title="Manggupgop — Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Manggupgop" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompililo" title="Kompililo — Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kompililo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9E%C3%BD%C3%B0andi_(t%C3%B6lvunarfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i)" title="Þýðandi (tölvunarfræði) — Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Þýðandi (tölvunarfræði)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilatore" title="Compilatore — Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Compilatore" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A9" title="コンパイラ — Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="コンパイラ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="კომპილატორი — Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კომპილატორი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompilyator" title="Kompilyator — Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Kompilyator" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Компилятор — Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Компилятор" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BB%B4%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC%EB%9F%AC" title="컴파일러 — Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="컴파일러" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Компилер — Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Компилер" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilatrum" title="Compilatrum — Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Compilatrum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler — Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Compiler" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilador" title="Compilador — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Compilador" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilator" title="Compilator — Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Compilator" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompiliatorius" title="Kompiliatorius — Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kompiliatorius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompilators" title="Kompilators — Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kompilators" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Компиляций — Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Компиляций" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87" title="Програмски преведувач — macedónio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Програмски преведувач" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%BC" title="കംപൈലർ — Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കംപൈലർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler — Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Compiler" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penyusun" title="Penyusun — Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Penyusun" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler — Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="Compiler" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B0" title="कम्पाइलर — Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कम्पाइलर" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Compiler" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompilator" title="Kompilator — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kompilator" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%B0" title="ਕੰਪਾਇਲਰ — Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੰਪਾਇਲਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompilator" title="Kompilator — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kompilator" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84%D8%B1" title="کمپائلر — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کمپائلر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilador" title="Compilador — Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Compilador" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suntuq_(anta%C3%B1iqiy)" title="Suntuq (antañiqiy) — Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Suntuq (antañiqiy)" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compilator" title="Compilator — Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Compilator" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Компилятор — Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Компилятор" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler — Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Compiler" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompajler" title="Kompajler — Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kompajler" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Compiler" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompil%C3%A1tor_(programovanie)" title="Kompilátor (programovanie) — Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kompilátor (programovanie)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prevajalnik" title="Prevajalnik — Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Prevajalnik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%ABrpiluesi" title="Përpiluesi — Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Përpiluesi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Компилатор — Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Компилатор" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompilator" title="Kompilator — Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kompilator" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kikonganyi" title="Kikonganyi — Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kikonganyi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF" title="நிரல்மொழிமாற்றி — Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நிரல்மொழிமாற்றி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D" title="కంపైలర్ — telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కంపైలర్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%B7%D0%B8%D0%BC_(%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Мутарҷим (роёна) — tajique" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Мутарҷим (роёна)" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="คอมไพเลอร์ — Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คอมไพเลอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler — Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Compiler" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derleyici" title="Derleyici — Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Derleyici" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Компілятор — Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Компілятор" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84%D8%B1" title="کمپائلر — Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کمپائلر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%ACnh_bi%C3%AAn_d%E1%BB%8Bch" title="Trình biên dịch — Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Trình biên dịch" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompilador" title="Kompilador — Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kompilador" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BC%96%E8%AF%91%E5%99%A8" title="编译器 — Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="编译器" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="קאמפיילער — Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קאמפיילער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B7%A8%E8%AD%AF%E5%99%A8" title="編譯器 — Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="編譯器" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhau-chi%CC%8Dp-kh%C3%AC" title="Chhau-chi̍p-khì — Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chhau-chi̍p-khì" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B7%A8%E8%AD%AF%E5%99%A8" title="編譯器 — Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="編譯器" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q47506#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Eiditar lhigaçones anterlhenguísticas" class="wbc-editpage">Eiditar lhigaçones</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Domínios"> <div id="p-associated-pages" 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vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cumpilador"><span>Lher</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&veaction=edit" title="Eiditar esta páigina [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Eiditar</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&action=edit" title="Editar o código-fonte desta página [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Eiditar código-fuonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&action=history"><span>Ber stórico</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Geral </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:P%C3%A1ginas_afluentes/Cumpilador" title="Todas las páiginas que se lhigan eiqui [j]" accesskey="j"><span>L que lhiga eiqui</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Altera%C3%A7%C3%B5es_relacionadas/Cumpilador" rel="nofollow" title="Redadeiras altaraçones an páiginas que ténen a ber cun esta [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Altaraçones relacionadas</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=mwl" title="Cargar eimaiges ó fexeiros [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Cargar fexeiro</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:P%C3%A1ginas_especiais" title="Todas las páiginas speciales [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Páiginas speciales</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&oldid=83443" title="Lhigaçon pa siempre desta berson desta páigina"><span>Lhigaçon pa siempre</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&action=info" title="Mais informações sobre esta página"><span>Anformaçones de la páigina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citar&page=Cumpilador&id=83443&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Anformaçon subre cumo citar esta páigina"><span>Citar esta páigina</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCumpilador"><span>Obter URL encurtado</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCumpilador"><span>Descarregar código QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Amprimir/sportar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Lhibro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Cumpilador"><span>Criar un lhibro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Cumpilador&action=show-download-screen"><span>Çcargar cumo PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&printable=yes" title="Berson pa ampremir desta páigina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Berson pa ampremir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Noutros porjetos </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Compilers" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q47506" title="Lhigaçon pa l eilemiento de l repositório de dados [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Eilemiento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas de página"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspeto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspeto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Ourige: Biquipédia, la anciclopédia lhibre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="mwl" dir="ltr"><div class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/20px-Disambig_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/30px-Disambig_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/40px-Disambig_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <b>Nota:</b> Se percura por cumpilaçon musical, cunsulta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Colet%C3%A1nea_musical&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coletánea musical (la páigina nun eisiste)">Coletánea musical</a>.</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fexeiro:GCC-4.0.2-screenshot.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/GCC-4.0.2-screenshot.png/300px-GCC-4.0.2-screenshot.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/GCC-4.0.2-screenshot.png/450px-GCC-4.0.2-screenshot.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/GCC-4.0.2-screenshot.png 2x" data-file-width="486" data-file-height="254" /></a><figcaption>Ua catura de tela de l cumpilador <a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Cumpiler_Colletion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GNU Cumpiler Colletion (la páigina nun eisiste)">GCC</a> berson 4.0.2 rodando nua jinela <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xtern&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xtern (la páigina nun eisiste)">xtern</a>. Un porgrama simples stá sendo cumpilado i anton eisecutado.</figcaption></figure> <p>Un <b>cumpilador</b> ye un <a href="/wiki/Porgrama_de_cumputador" title="Porgrama de cumputador">porgrama de cumputador</a> (ó un grupo de porgramas) que, a partir dun <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B3digo_fuonte" title="Código fuonte">código fuonte</a> scrito nua <a href="/wiki/Lenguaige_cumpilada" title="Lenguaige cumpilada">lenguaige cumpilada</a>, cria un porgrama semanticamente eiquibalente, mas scrito an outra lenguaige, <a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%B3digo_oubjeto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Código oubjeto (la páigina nun eisiste)">código oubjeto</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> El ye chamado <b>cumpilador</b> por rezones stóricas; ne ls purmeiros anhos de la porgramaçon outomática, eisistian porgramas que percorrian bibliotecas de subrotinas i las reunia juntas, ó cumpilaba,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Nota 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> las subrotinas neçairas para eisecutar ua detreminada tarefa.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>L nome "cumpilador" ye ousado percipalmente pa ls porgramas que <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tradutor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tradutor (la páigina nun eisiste)">traduzen</a> l código fuonte dua <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lenguaige_de_porgrama%C3%A7on_d%27alto_nible&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lenguaige de porgramaçon d'alto nible (la páigina nun eisiste)">lenguaige de porgramaçon d'alto nible</a> para ua <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lenguaige_de_porgrama%C3%A7on_de_baixo_nible&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lenguaige de porgramaçon de baixo nible (la páigina nun eisiste)">lenguaige de porgramaçon de baixo nible</a> (por eisemplo, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Assembly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Assembly (la páigina nun eisiste)">Assembly</a></i> ó <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B3digo_de_m%C3%A1quina" title="Código de máquina">código de máquina</a>). Assi i to alguns outores citan eisemplos de cumpiladores que traduzen para lenguaiges d'alto nible cumo <a href="/w/index.php?title=C_(lenguaige_de_porgrama%C3%A7on)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C (lenguaige de porgramaçon) (la páigina nun eisiste)">C</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Para alguns outores un porgrama que faç ua traduçon antre lenguaiges d'alto nible ye normalmente chamado un tradutor, filtro<sup id="cite_ref-joaojose_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-joaojose-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ó cumbersor de lenguaige. Un porgrama que traduç ua lenguaige de porgramaçon de baixo nible para ua lenguaige de porgramaçon d'alto nible ye un <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87cumpilador&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çcumpilador (la páigina nun eisiste)">çcumpilador</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-watt_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-watt-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Un porgrama que faç ua traduçon antre ua lenguaige de montaige i l código de máquina ye chamado <a href="/w/index.php?title=Montador&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Montador (la páigina nun eisiste)">montador</a> (<i>assembler</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-joaojose_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-joaojose-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Un porgrama que faç ua traduçon antre l código de máquina i ua lenguaige de montaige ye chamado <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87montador&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çmontador (la páigina nun eisiste)">çmontador</a> (<i>çassembler</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-watt_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-watt-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Se l porgrama cumpilado puode ser eisecutado nun cumputador cuja <a href="/w/index.php?title=CPU&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CPU (la páigina nun eisiste)">CPU</a> ó <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistema_ouperacional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistema ouperacional (la páigina nun eisiste)">sistema ouperacional</a> ye defrente daquele an que l cumpilador ye eisecutado, l cumpilador ye coincido cumo un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador_cruzado&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cumpilador cruzado (la páigina nun eisiste)">cumpilador cruzado</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stória"><span id="St.C3.B3ria"></span>Stória</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Eiditar cacho: Stória" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eiditar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Stória"><span>eiditar código-fuonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fexeiro:Grace_Hopper.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Grace_Hopper.jpg/200px-Grace_Hopper.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Grace_Hopper.jpg/300px-Grace_Hopper.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Grace_Hopper.jpg/400px-Grace_Hopper.jpg 2x" data-file-width="517" data-file-height="606" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grace_Hopper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grace Hopper (la páigina nun eisiste)">Grace Hopper</a> an <a href="/w/index.php?title=1984&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1984 (la páigina nun eisiste)">1984</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ls softwares pa ls purmeiros cumputadores fúrun scritos percipalmente an lenguaige assembly por muitos anhos. Las lenguaiges d'alto nible de porgramaçon nun fúrun ambentadas até que ls benefícios de ser capaç de reutelizar software an defrentes tipos de <a href="/w/index.php?title=CPU&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CPU (la páigina nun eisiste)">CPUs</a> passassen a ser seneficatibamente maiores de l que l custo de se screbir un cumpilador. La capacidade de <a href="/wiki/Mim%C3%B3ria" title="Mimória">mimória</a> mui lemitada capacidade de ls purmeiros cumputadores tamien criaba muitos porblemas técnicos na amplementaçon dun cumpilador. </p><p>Ne l final de la década de 1950, las lenguaiges de porgramaçon andependientes de máquina fúrun perpuostas. Mais tarde, bários cumpiladores spurmentales fúrun zambolbidos. L purmeiro cumpilador fui scrito por <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grace_Hopper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grace Hopper (la páigina nun eisiste)">Grace Hopper</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an 1952, pa la lenguaige de porgramaçon <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistema_La-0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistema La-0 (la páigina nun eisiste)">La-0</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wexel_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wexel-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Antes de 1957, fúrun zambolbidos sfuorços i bárias cuntribuiçones al zambolbimiento de lenguaiges d'alto nible fúrun feitas. Antre estes, l zambolbimiento de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Short_Code&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Short Code (la páigina nun eisiste)">Short Code</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=UNIBAC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UNIBAC (la páigina nun eisiste)">UNIBAC</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spedcoding&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spedcoding (la páigina nun eisiste)">Spedcoding</a> ne l <a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_701&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM 701 (la páigina nun eisiste)">IBM 701</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ibn_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ibn-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-iee_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iee-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> l Whirlwind, l BACAIC i l PRINT.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> L'eiquipe de zambolbimiento de l <a href="/wiki/FORTRAN" title="FORTRAN">FORTRAN</a> liderada por <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Backus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Backus (la páigina nun eisiste)">John Backus</a> na <a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM (la páigina nun eisiste)">IBM</a> ye giralmente creditada cumo tenendo antroduzido l purmeiro cumpilador cumpleto an 1957 (ambora tenga ocorrido a la par l zambolbimiento de l <i>algebraic traslator</i> de Laning i Zierler<sup id="cite_ref-wexel_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wexel-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). L <a href="/w/index.php?title=COBOL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="COBOL (la páigina nun eisiste)">COBOL</a> ye un eisemplo dua lenguaige de la purmeira geraçon que cumpilaba an múltiplas arquiteturas, an 1960.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An muitos domínios d'aplicaçon l'eideia d'ousar ua lenguaige d'alto nible debrebe ganhou fuorça. Por causa de la funcionalidade de spanson apoiada por <a href="/wiki/Lenguaige_de_porgrama%C3%A7on" title="Lenguaige de porgramaçon">lenguaiges de porgramaçon</a> recentes i la cumplexidade crecente d'arquiteturas de cumputadores, ls cumpiladores tornórun-se mais i mais cumplexos. </p><p>Ls purmeiros cumpiladores fúrun scritos an lenguaige <i>assembly</i>. L purmeiro cumpilador de <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Outo-hospedaige&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Outo-hospedaige (la páigina nun eisiste)">outo-hospedaige</a> </i>- capaç de cumpilar sou própio código-fuonte nua lenguaige d'alto nible - fui criado pa l <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lisp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lisp (la páigina nun eisiste)">Lisp</a> por Tin Hart i Lebin Mike ne l <a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Anstitute_of_Technology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Massachusetts Anstitute of Technology (la páigina nun eisiste)">MIT</a> an 1962.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Caratelísticas"><span id="Caratel.C3.ADsticas"></span>Caratelísticas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Eiditar cacho: Caratelísticas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eiditar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Caratelísticas"><span>eiditar código-fuonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fexeiro:Nt-compilador.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Nt-compilador.png/120px-Nt-compilador.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="409" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Nt-compilador.png/180px-Nt-compilador.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Nt-compilador.png/240px-Nt-compilador.png 2x" data-file-width="303" data-file-height="1033" /></a><figcaption>L porcesso de la cumpilaçon.</figcaption></figure> <p>Normalmente, l código fuonte ye scrito nua lenguaige de porgramaçon d'alto nible, cun grande capacidade d'abstraçon, i l código oubjeto ye scrito nua lenguaige de baixo nible,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> cumo ua sequéncia d'anstruçones a ser eisecutada pul <a href="/w/index.php?title=Microprocessador&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Microprocessador (la páigina nun eisiste)">microprocessador</a>. </p><p>L porcesso de cumpilaçon ye cumpuosto d'análeze i síntese.<sup id="cite_ref-holmes_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-holmes-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> L'análeze ten cumo oubjetibo antender l código fuonte i repersentá-lo nua strutura antermediária. La síntese custrói l código oubjeto a partir desta repersentaçon antermediária. </p><p>La <i>análeze</i> puode ser subdebidida inda an <a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%A1leze_l%C3%A9xica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Análeze léxica (la páigina nun eisiste)">análeze léxica</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%A1leze_sint%C3%A1tica_(cumputa%C3%A7on)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Análeze sintática (cumputaçon) (la páigina nun eisiste)">análeze sintática</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%A1leze_sem%C3%A1ntica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Análeze semántica (la páigina nun eisiste)">análeze semántica</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gera%C3%A7on_de_c%C3%B3digo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geraçon de código (la páigina nun eisiste)">geraçon de código</a> antermediairo. Ye tamien coincida cumo <i>frunt and</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-holmes_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-holmes-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La <i>síntese</i> puode tener mais bariaçones dun cumpilador a outro, podendo ser cumpuosta pulas etapas d'outimizaçon de código i geraçon de código final (ó código de máquina), sendo solamente esta radadeira etapa ye oubrigatória. Ye tamien coincida cumo <i>back and</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-holmes_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-holmes-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Classicamente, un cumpilador traduç un porgrama dua lenguaige textual facilmente antendida por un ser houmano para ua lenguaige de máquina, specífica para un processador i sistema ouperacional. Atualmente, mas, son quemuns cumpiladores que gírun código para ua máquina birtual que ye, depuis, anterpretada por un anterpretador. </p><p>An <a href="/wiki/Lenguaige_de_porgrama%C3%A7on" title="Lenguaige de porgramaçon">lenguaiges</a> híbridas, l cumpilador ten l papel de cumberter l código fuonte nun código chamado de <i>byte code</i>, que ye ua lenguaige de baixo nible. Un eisemplo deste cumportamiento ye l de l cumpilador de la lenguaige <a href="/w/index.php?title=Java_(lenguaige_de_porgrama%C3%A7on)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Java (lenguaige de porgramaçon) (la páigina nun eisiste)">Java</a> que, an beç de gerar código de la máquina hospedeira (adonde se stá eisecutando l cumpilador), gera código chamado <i>Java <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bytecode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bytecode (la páigina nun eisiste)">Bytecode</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Un cumpilador ye chamado de <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=JIT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JIT (la páigina nun eisiste)">Just-in-eiquipa cumpiler</a></i> (JIT) quando sou porcesso de cumpilaçon acuntece solo quando l código ye chamado.<sup id="cite_ref-jit_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jit-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Un JIT puode fazer outimizaçones a las anstruçones la medida que las cumpila.<sup id="cite_ref-jit_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jit-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Muitos cumpiladores ancluen un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pr%C3%A9-processador&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pré-processador (la páigina nun eisiste)">pré-processador</a>. Un pré-processador ye un porgrama apartado, atibado pul cumpilador antes de l'ampeço de l porcesso de traduçon.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Normalmente ye respunsable por mudanças ne l código fuonte çtinadas d'acuordo cun decisones tomadas an tiempo de cumpilaçon. Por eisemplo, un porgrama an <a href="/w/index.php?title=C_(lenguaige_de_porgrama%C3%A7on)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C (lenguaige de porgramaçon) (la páigina nun eisiste)">C</a> permite anstruçones cundicionales pa l pré-processador que puoden ancluir ó nun parte de l código causo ua assertiba lógica seia berdadeira ó falsa, ó simplesmente un termo steia defenido ó nó. Tecnicamente, pré-processadores son mui mais simples que cumpiladores i son bistos, puls zambolbedores, cumo porgramas a la parte, anque dessa bison nun ser necessariamente cumpartilhada pul usuairo. </p><p>Outra parte apartada de l cumpilador que muitos usuairos bénen cumo antegrada ye l <a href="/w/index.php?title=Linker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linker (la páigina nun eisiste)">linker</a>, cuja funçon ye ounir bários porgramas yá cumpilados dua forma andependiente i unificá-los nun porgrama eisecutable.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Esso anclui poner l porgrama final nun formato cumpatible culas necidades de l sistema ouperacional para carregá-lo an mimória i colocá-lo an eisecuçon. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fases_de_la_cumpilaçon"><span id="Fases_de_la_cumpila.C3.A7on"></span>Fases de la cumpilaçon</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Eiditar cacho: Fases de la cumpilaçon" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eiditar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Fases de la cumpilaçon"><span>eiditar código-fuonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Análeze_léxica"><span id="An.C3.A1leze_l.C3.A9xica"></span>Análeze léxica</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Eiditar cacho: Análeze léxica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eiditar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Análeze léxica"><span>eiditar código-fuonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/17px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/26px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/34px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="663" data-file-height="659" /></span></span>Ber artigo percipal: <a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%A1leze_l%C3%A9xica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Análeze léxica (la páigina nun eisiste)">Análeze léxica</a></div> <p>L'análeze léxica ye la purmeira fase de l cumpilador.<sup id="cite_ref-ahoparsing_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ahoparsing-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La funçon de l'analisador léxico, tamien chamado <i>scanner</i>, ye ler l código fuonte, carater a carater, buscando la separaçon i eidantificaçon de ls eilemientos cumponentes de l porgrama fuonte, chamados simblos léxicos ó <i>tokenes</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-anaprice_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anaprice-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ye tamien de respunsabelidade desta fase l'eliminaçon d'eilemientos "decoratibos" de l porgrama, tales cumo spácios an branco, marcas de formataçon de testo i comentairos.<sup id="cite_ref-rangel_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rangel-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eesisten çponibles ua série de geradores outomáticos d'analisadores léxicos, cumo por eisemplo, l <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lex (la páigina nun eisiste)">lex</a>. L'oubjetibo de ls geradores outomáticos ye lemitar l sfuorço de porgramaçon dun analisador léxico specificando-se solo ls <a href="/w/index.php?title=Token&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Token (la páigina nun eisiste)"><i>tokenes</i></a> a ser reconhecidos.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Análeze_sintática"><span id="An.C3.A1leze_sint.C3.A1tica"></span>Análeze sintática</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Eiditar cacho: Análeze sintática" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eiditar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Análeze sintática"><span>eiditar código-fuonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/17px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/26px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/34px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="663" data-file-height="659" /></span></span>Ber artigo percipal: <a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%A1leze_sint%C3%A1tica_(cumputa%C3%A7on)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Análeze sintática (cumputaçon) (la páigina nun eisiste)">Análeze sintática (cumputaçon)</a></div> <p>L'análeze sintática, ó análeze gramatical ye l porcesso de se detreminar se ua cadeia de simblos léxicos puode ser gerada por ua <a href="/wiki/Gram%C3%A1tica_formal" title="Gramática formal">gramática</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-aho_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aho-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> L'analisador sintático ye l cerne de l cumpilador, respunsable por berificar se ls simblos cuntidos ne l porgrama fuonte forman un porgrama bálido, ó nó.<sup id="cite_ref-delamaro_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-delamaro-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ne l causo d'analisadores sintáticos <i>top-down</i>, tenemos l'oupçon de screbé-los a a mano ó gerá-los de forma outomática, mas ls analisadores <i>botton-up</i> solo puoden ser gerados outomaticamente.<sup id="cite_ref-grune_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-grune-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La maiorie de ls métodos d'análeze sintática, cai nua dessas dues classes chamadas <i>top-down</i> i <i>botton-up</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-lewis_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lewis-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Antre ls métodos <i>top-down</i> ls mais amportantes son l'análeze sintática çcendente recursiba i l'análeze sintática preditiba nó-recursiba. Antre ls métodos d'análeze sintática <i>botton-up</i> ls mais amportantes son l'análeze sintática de precedéncia d'ouperadores, análeze sintática LR canónico, análeze sintática LALR i análeze sintática SLR.<sup id="cite_ref-aho_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aho-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eesisten çponibles ua série de geradores outomáticos d'analisadores sintáticos,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> cumo por eisemplo, l <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yac (la páigina nun eisiste)">Yac</a>, l <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bison&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bison (la páigina nun eisiste)">Bison</a> i l <a href="/w/index.php?title=JavaCC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JavaCC (la páigina nun eisiste)">JavaCC</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Análeze_semántica"><span id="An.C3.A1leze_sem.C3.A1ntica"></span>Análeze semántica</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Eiditar cacho: Análeze semántica" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eiditar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Análeze semántica"><span>eiditar código-fuonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/17px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/26px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/34px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="663" data-file-height="659" /></span></span>Ber artigo percipal: <a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%A1leze_sem%C3%A1ntica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Análeze semántica (la páigina nun eisiste)">Análeze semántica</a></div> <p>Las análezes léxica i sintática nun stan preacupadas cul seneficado ó semántica de ls porgramas qu'eilhas processan. L papel de l'analisador semántico ye prober métodos puls quales las struturas custruídas pul analisador sintático puodan ser abaluadas ó eisecutadas.<sup id="cite_ref-watson_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-watson-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Las gramáticas libres de cuntesto nun son suficientemente poderosas para çcrebir ua série de custruçones de las lenguaiges de porgramaçon, cumo por eisemplo regras de scopo, regras de besibelidade i cunsisténcia de tipos.<sup id="cite_ref-wilheln_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wilheln-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ye papel de l'analisador semántico assegurar que todas las regras sensibles al cuntesto de la lenguaige stéian analisadas i berificadas quanto a la sue balidade. Un eisemplo de tarefa própia de l'analisador semántico ye la checaige de tipos de bariables an spressones.<sup id="cite_ref-tremblay_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tremblay-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Un de ls macanismos quemumente outelizados por amplementadores de cumpiladores ye la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gram%C3%A1tica_de_Atributos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gramática de Atributos (la páigina nun eisiste)">Gramática de Atributos</a>, que cunsiste nua <a href="/wiki/Gram%C3%A1tica_formal" title="Gramática formal">gramática</a> libre de cuntesto acrecentada dun cunjunto fenito d'atributos i un cunjunto fenito de predicados subre estes atributos.<sup id="cite_ref-pittman_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pittman-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geraçon_de_código_antermediairo"><span id="Gera.C3.A7on_de_c.C3.B3digo_antermediairo"></span>Geraçon de código antermediairo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Eiditar cacho: Geraçon de código antermediairo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eiditar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&action=edit&section=7" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Geraçon de código antermediairo"><span>eiditar código-fuonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fexeiro:Cod_3_end.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Cod_3_end.png/200px-Cod_3_end.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Cod_3_end.png/300px-Cod_3_end.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Cod_3_end.png/400px-Cod_3_end.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Eisemplo de código de trés andereços i un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafos_ac%C3%ADclicos_dirigidos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grafos acíclicos dirigidos (la páigina nun eisiste)">DAG</a> correspondente para ua spresson aritimética.</figcaption></figure> <div class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/17px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/26px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/34px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="663" data-file-height="659" /></span></span>Ber artigo percipal: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gera%C3%A7on_de_c%C3%B3digo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geraçon de código (la páigina nun eisiste)">Geraçon de código</a></div> <p>Na fase de geraçon de código antermediairo, ocorre la trasformaçon de l'arble sintática nua repersentaçon antermediária de l código fuonte. Esta lenguaige antermediária ye mais próssima de la lenguaige oubjeto de l que l código fuonte, mas inda permite ua manipulaçon mais fácele de l que se código assembly ó código de máquina fusse outelizado.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Un tipo popular de lenguaige antermediária ye coincido cumo <a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%B3digo_de_tr%C3%A9s_andere%C3%A7os&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Código de trés andereços (la páigina nun eisiste)">código de trés andereços</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Neste tipo de código ua sentença típica ten la forma <code>X := L'oup B</code>, adonde <i>X</i>, <i>La</i> i <i>B</i> son ouperandos i <i>oup</i> ua ouparaçon qualquiera. Ua forma prática de repersentar sentenças de trés andereços ye atrabeç de l'uso de quádruplas (ouperador, argumiento 1, argumiento 2 i, resultado). Este squema de repersentaçon de código antermediairo ye preferido por dibersos cumpiladores, percipalmente aqueilhes qu'eisecutan stensibas outimizaçones de código, ua beç que l código antermediairo puode ser rearranjado dua maneira cumbeniente cun facelidade.<sup id="cite_ref-aho_pcd_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aho_pcd-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Outras repersentaçones de código antermediairo quemumente ousadas son las triplas, (similares las quádruplas sceto pul fato de que ls resultados nun son nomeados splicitamente) las arbles, ls <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafos_ac%C3%ADclicos_dirigidos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grafos acíclicos dirigidos (la páigina nun eisiste)">grafos acíclicos dirigidos</a>(DAG) i la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nota%C3%A7on_polonesa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Notaçon polonesa (la páigina nun eisiste)">notaçon polonesa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Outimizaçon_de_código"><span id="Outimiza.C3.A7on_de_c.C3.B3digo"></span>Outimizaçon de código</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Eiditar cacho: Outimizaçon de código" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eiditar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&action=edit&section=8" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Outimizaçon de código"><span>eiditar código-fuonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La Outimizaçon de código ye la stratégia d'eisaminar l código antermediairo, porduzido durante la fase de geraçon de código cun oubjetibo de porduzir, atrabeç d'alguas técnicas, un código qu'eisecute cun bastante eficiéncia.<sup id="cite_ref-tremblay_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tremblay-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> L nome outimizador debe siempre ser ancarado cun cuidado, pus nun se puode criar un porgrama que leia un porgrama P i gere un porgrama P´ eiquibalente sendo melhor possible segundo l critério adotado.<sup id="cite_ref-rangel_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rangel-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bárias técnicas i bárias tarefas se reúnen sob l nome de Outimizaçon. Estas técnicas cunsisten an detetar padrones drento de l código porduzido i sustituí-los por códigos mais eficientes.<sup id="cite_ref-aho_pcd_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aho_pcd-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Antre las técnicas ousadas stan la sustituiçon de spressones que puoden ser abaluadas durante l tiempo de cumpilaçon puls sous balores calculados, eliminaçon de sub-spressones redundantes, çmembramiento de laços, sustituiçon d'ouparaçones (multiplicaçon por <i>shifts</i>), antre outras.<sup id="cite_ref-tremblay_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tremblay-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ua de las técnicas d'outimizaçon mais eficazes i andependiente de máquina ye l'outimizaçon de laços, pus laços anternos son buns candidatos para melhories. Por eisemplo, an causo de cumputaçones fixas drento de laços, ye possible mober estas cumputaçones para fura de ls mesmos reduzindo processamiento.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geraçon_de_código_final"><span id="Gera.C3.A7on_de_c.C3.B3digo_final"></span>Geraçon de código final</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Eiditar cacho: Geraçon de código final" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eiditar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&action=edit&section=9" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Geraçon de código final"><span>eiditar código-fuonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/17px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/26px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/34px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="663" data-file-height="659" /></span></span>Ber artigo percipal: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gera%C3%A7on_de_c%C3%B3digo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geraçon de código (la páigina nun eisiste)">Geraçon de código</a></div> <p>La fase de geraçon de código final ye la radadeira fase de la cumpilaçon. La geraçon dun buono código oubjeto ye defícel debido als detalhes particulares de las máquinas pa ls quales l código ye gerado. Assi i to, ye ua fase amportante, pus ua buona geraçon de código puode ser, por eisemplo, dues bezes mais rápida qu'un algoritmo de geraçon de código ineficiente.<sup id="cite_ref-aho_pcd_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aho_pcd-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nin todas las técnicas d'outimizaçon son andependientes de l'arquitetura de la máquina-albo. Outimizaçones dependentes de la máquina necessitan d'anformaçones tales cumo ls lemites i ls recursos speciales de la máquina-albo la fin de porduzir un código mais cirne i eficiente. L código porduzido pul cumpilador debe se aprobeitar de ls recursos speciales de cada máquina-albo.<sup id="cite_ref-tremblay_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tremblay-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Segundo Aho, l código oubjeto puode ser ua sequéncia d'anstruçones absolutas de máquina, ua sequéncia d'anstruçones de máquina relocables, un porgrama an lenguaige assembly ó un porgrama an outra lenguaige.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tratamiento_d'erros"><span id="Tratamiento_d.27erros"></span>Tratamiento d'erros</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Eiditar cacho: Tratamiento d'erros" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eiditar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&action=edit&section=10" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Tratamiento d'erros"><span>eiditar código-fuonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fexeiro:Erro_de_execu%C3%A7%C3%A3o.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Erro_de_execu%C3%A7%C3%A3o.png/300px-Erro_de_execu%C3%A7%C3%A3o.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Erro_de_execu%C3%A7%C3%A3o.png/450px-Erro_de_execu%C3%A7%C3%A3o.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Erro_de_execu%C3%A7%C3%A3o.png 2x" data-file-width="493" data-file-height="285" /></a><figcaption>Tratamiento d'erro d'eisecuçon nua aplicaçon <a href="/w/index.php?title=Java_(lenguaige_de_porgrama%C3%A7on)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Java (lenguaige de porgramaçon) (la páigina nun eisiste)">Java</a> ne l <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eclipse_(software)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eclipse (software) (la páigina nun eisiste)">Eclipse</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>L tratamiento d'erros stá buoltado la falhas debido la muitas causas: erros ne l cumpilador, erros na eilaboraçon de l porgrama a ser cumpilado, erros ne l'ambiente (hardware, sistema ouperacional), dados ancorretos, etc. Las tarefas relacionadas al tratamiento d'erros cunsiten an detetar cada erro, reportá-lo al usuairo i possiblemente fazer algun reparo para que l processamiento puoda cuntinar.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ls erros puoden ser classeficados an erros léxicos, erros sintáticos, erros nun andependientes de cuntesto (semánticos), erros d'eisecuçon i erros de lemite.<sup id="cite_ref-hunter_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hunter-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ls erros léxicos ocorren quando un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Token&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Token (la páigina nun eisiste)">token</a> eidantificado nun pertence la gramática de la lenguaige fuonte. Ls erros sintáticos ocorren quando algua strutura de frase nun stá d'acuordo cula gramática, cumo por eisemplo parénteses sin correspondéncia. Ls erros nun andependientes de cuntesto an giral son associados la nó declaraçon d'oubjetos cumo bariables i erros de tipos. Ls erros d'eisecuçon ocorren passado la cumpilaçon, quando l porgrama yá stá sendo eisecutado. Un eisemplo típico ye l de la debison por zero. Ls erros de lemite, ocorren durante l'eisecuçon i stan relacionados las caratelísticas de la máquina na qual l porgrama stá sendo eisecutado, cumo por eisemplo, stouro de pilha.<sup id="cite_ref-hunter_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hunter-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Alguns cumpiladores ancerran l porcesso de traduçon lougo al ancontrar l purmeiro erro de l porgrama-fuonte. Esta ye ua política de fácele amplementaçon. Cumpiladores mais sofisticados, mas, detetan l maior númaro possible d'erros bisando diminuir l númaro de cumpilaçones.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>La recuperaçon d'erros an analisadores sintáticos <i>top-down</i> ye mais fácele d'amplementar de l qu'an analisadores <i>botton-up</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-holub_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-holub-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> L porblema ye que defrente dun analisador <i>top-down</i>, este radadeiro nun sabe quales simblos son sperados na antrada, solamente ls que yá fúrun processados. Puode-se ousar neste causo técnicas cumo, por eisemplo, la técnica de <i>panic-mode</i> que percura an tabelas sintáticas an busca de simblos bálidos na antrada.<sup id="cite_ref-holub_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-holub-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nesta técnica se çcartan simblos de l'antrada até qu'un delimitador (cumo un punto i bírgula, por eisemplo) seia ancontrado. L'analisador apaga las antradas de la pilha até qu'ancontre ua antrada que permita que l porcesso d'análeze prossiga an delantre.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ber_tamien">Ber tamien</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Eiditar cacho: Ber tamien" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eiditar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&action=edit&section=11" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ber tamien"><span>eiditar código-fuonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ci%C3%A9ncia_de_la_cumputa%C3%A7on" title="Ciéncia de la cumputaçon">Ciéncia de la cumputaçon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JIT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JIT (la páigina nun eisiste)">Cumpilador Just in Eiquipa (JIT)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lenguaiges_formales_i_cumpiladores&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lenguaiges formales i cumpiladores (la páigina nun eisiste)">Lenguaiges formales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenguaige_de_porgrama%C3%A7on" title="Lenguaige de porgramaçon">Lenguaige de porgramaçon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anterpretador" title="Anterpretador">Anterpretador</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Linker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linker (la páigina nun eisiste)">Linker</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notas">Notas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Eiditar cacho: Notas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eiditar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&action=edit&section=12" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Notas"><span>eiditar código-fuonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">An <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9ngua_pertuesa" class="mw-redirect" title="Léngua pertuesa">pertués</a>, "<i>cumpilar</i>" senefica, por eisemplo: reunir obras literárias, decumientos, scritos de bários outores, antre outros, cumpondo ua obra cun esse material. <cite class="citation book"><i>Dicionário de la Léngua Pertuesa</i>. [S.l.: s.n.] <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/85-85222-23-9" title="Special:Fontes de livros/85-85222-23-9">85-85222-23-9</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Dicion%C3%A1rio+de+la+L%C3%A9ngua+Pertuesa&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=85-85222-23-9&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Eiditora=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|eiditora=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Outor=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|outor=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Anho=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|anho=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol> <h2 id="Refréncias" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seçon fui cunfigurada para nun ser eiditable diretamente. Eidite to la páigina ó la seçon anterior an beç desso."><span id="Refr.C3.A9ncias"></span>Refréncias</h2><div class="reflist references-small" style=""><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Principles of Cumpiler Zeign</i>. Reading, Massachusetts, EUA: Addison-Wesley. 1977. p. 1. 604 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-201-00022-9" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-201-00022-9">0-201-00022-9</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Principles+of+Cumpiler+Zeign&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-201-00022-9&rft.pages=1&rft.place=Reading%2C+Massachusetts%2C+EUA&rft.pub=Addison-Wesley&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">La refréncia ten parámetros obsoletos <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coautor=</code> (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#deprecated_params" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|cooutores=</code> requer <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|outor=</code> (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#coauthors_missing_author" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Antrodution to Cumpiler Custrution</i>. Nuoba Iorque, EUA: Cumputer Science Press. 1992. p. 1. 359 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-7167-8261-8" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-7167-8261-8">0-7167-8261-8</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Antrodution+to+Cumpiler+Custrution&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-7167-8261-8&rft.pages=1&rft.place=Nuoba+Iorque%2C+EUA&rft.pub=Cumputer+Science+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cs.princeton.edu/~appel/modern/java/"><i>Modern Cumpiler Amplementation in Java</i></a>. Cambridge: [s.n.] p. 3. 548 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-521-58388-8" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-521-58388-8">0-521-58388-8</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Modern+Cumpiler+Amplementation+in+Java&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-521-58388-8&rft.pages=3&rft.place=Cambridge&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.princeton.edu%2F~appel%2Fmodern%2Fjava%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Eiditora=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|eiditora=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Anho=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|anho=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Anginering la Cumpiler</i>. San Francisco: [s.n.] p. 2. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/1-55860-698-X" title="Special:Fontes de livros/1-55860-698-X">1-55860-698-X</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Anginering+la+Cumpiler&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-55860-698-X&rft.pages=2&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Eiditora=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|eiditora=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Anho=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|anho=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-joaojose-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-joaojose_6-0">5,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-joaojose_6-1">5,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Antroduçon a la Cumpilaçon</i>. Riu de Janeiro: LTC. 1987. 222 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/978-85-216-0483-9" title="Special:Fontes de livros/978-85-216-0483-9">978-85-216-0483-9</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Antrodu%C3%A7on+a+la+Cumpila%C3%A7on&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-85-216-0483-9&rft.place=Riu+de+Janeiro&rft.pub=LTC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-watt-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-watt_7-0">6,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-watt_7-1">6,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="citation book"><i>Porgramming Language Processors in Java</i>. Harlow, Angland: Prentice Preça de casa. 2000. p. 27. 436 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-130-25786-9" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-130-25786-9">0-130-25786-9</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Porgramming+Language+Processors+in+Java&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-130-25786-9&rft.pages=27&rft.place=Harlow%2C+Angland&rft.pub=Prentice+Pre%C3%A7a+de+casa&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Cumpiler Cuntrution</i>. La Recursibe Çcent Model. <b>1</b>. Anglewod Cliffs, Nuoba Jersey, EUA: Prentice Preça de casa. 1994. p. 7-8. 437 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-13-291139-6" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-13-291139-6">0-13-291139-6</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Cumpiler+Cuntrution&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-13-291139-6&rft.pages=7-8&rft.place=Anglewod+Cliffs%2C+Nuoba+Jersey%2C+EUA&rft.pub=Prentice+Pre%C3%A7a+de+casa&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Fundamentals of Cumpilers</i>. An Antrodution to Cumputer Language Traslation. Boca Raton: CRC. 1992. 184 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-8493-7341-7" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-8493-7341-7">0-8493-7341-7</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Fundamentals+of+Cumpilers&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-8493-7341-7&rft.place=Boca+Raton&rft.pub=CRC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wexel-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-wexel_10-0">9,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-wexel_10-1">9,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Wexelblat, Richard L.(Eiditor) (1981). <i>Story of Porgramming Languages</i>. New York: Academic Press. p. 6-15. 758 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-12-745040-8" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-12-745040-8">0-12-745040-8</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.au=Wexelblat%2C+Richard+L.%28Eiditor%29&rft.btitle=Story+of+Porgramming+Languages&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-12-745040-8&rft.pages=6-15&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ibn-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ibn_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite><span class="citation">. Cambridge: [s.n.]. <small><a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0262022257" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-262-02225-7</a></small></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-iee-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-iee_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">McClelland, William F (1983). «Porgramming». <i>Annals of The Story of Cumputing</i> (an angles). <b>5</b> (2). Arlington, BA: Amarican Federation of Anformation Processing Societies. pp. 135–139. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Serial_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Serial Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1058-6180">1058-6180</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.atitle=Porgramming&rft.aufirst=William+F&rft.aulast=McClelland&rft.chron=1983&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1058-6180&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+The+Story+of+Cumputing&rft.pages=135-139&rft.volume=5&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">La refréncia ten parámetros obsoletos <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|mes=</code> (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#deprecated_params" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 mantenéncia: Lhéngua nó recoincida (<a href="/wiki/Catadorie:!CS1_manten%C3%A9ncia:_Lh%C3%A9ngua_n%C3%B3_recoincida" title="Catadorie:!CS1 mantenéncia: Lhéngua nó recoincida">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Sammet, Jean I (1969). <i>Porgramming Languages: Story and Fundamentals</i>. Anglewod Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Preça de casa. p. 5. 785 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-13-729988-5" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-13-729988-5">0-13-729988-5</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.au=Sammet%2C+Jean+I&rft.btitle=Porgramming+Languages%3A+Story+and+Fundamentals&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-13-729988-5&rft.pages=5&rft.place=Anglewod+Cliffs%2C+New+Jersey&rft.pub=Prentice+Pre%C3%A7a+de+casa&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.antresting-people.org/archibes/antresting-people/199706/msg00011.html">«IP: Ls purmeiros cumpiladores COBOL de l mundo»</a>. antresting-people.org. 12 de Júnio de 1997</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=IP%3A+Ls+purmeiros+cumpiladores+COBOL+de+l+mundo&rft.date=1997-06-12&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=antresting-people.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.antresting-people.org%2Farchibes%2Fantresting-people%2F199706%2Fmsg00011.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">T. Hart and M. Lebin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://publicationes.ai.mit.edu/ai-publicationes/pdf/AIM-039.pdf">«L nuobo cumpilador, AIM-39 - CSAIL Digital Archibe - Artificial Antelligence Laboratory Series»</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. publicationes.ai.mit.edu</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.au=T.+Hart+and+M.+Lebin&rft.btitle=L+nuobo+cumpilador%2C+AIM-39+-+CSAIL+Digital+Archibe+-+Artificial+Antelligence+Laboratory+Series&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=publicationes.ai.mit.edu&rft_id=ftp%3A%2F%2Fpublicationes.ai.mit.edu%2Fai-publicationes%2Fpdf%2FAIM-039.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Writing Cumpilers and Anterpreters</i>. An Applied Approach Using C++. Nuoba Iorque: John Wiley and Sonidos. 1996. p. 1. 838 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-471-11353-0" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-471-11353-0">0-471-11353-0</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Writing+Cumpilers+and+Anterpreters&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-471-11353-0&rft.pages=1&rft.place=Nuoba+Iorque&rft.pub=John+Wiley+and+Sonidos&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-holmes-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-holmes_17-0">16,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-holmes_17-1">16,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-holmes_17-2">16,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Oubjet-Ouriented Cumpiler Custrution</i>. Anglewod Cliffs, Nuoba Jersey: Prentice Preça de casa. 1995. p. 2-3. 483 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-13-630740-X" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-13-630740-X">0-13-630740-X</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Oubjet-Ouriented+Cumpiler+Custrution&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-13-630740-X&rft.pages=2-3&rft.place=Anglewod+Cliffs%2C+Nuoba+Jersey&rft.pub=Prentice+Pre%C3%A7a+de+casa&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Cunceitos de Lenguaiges de Porgramaçon</i> 9ª eid. Porto Alegre: Bookman. 2010. p. 49-50. 792 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/978-85-7780-791-8" title="Special:Fontes de livros/978-85-7780-791-8">978-85-7780-791-8</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Cunceitos+de+Lenguaiges+de+Porgrama%C3%A7on&rft.edition=9%AA&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-85-7780-791-8&rft.pages=49-50&rft.place=Porto+Alegre&rft.pub=Bookman&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jit-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-jit_19-0">18,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-jit_19-1">18,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Porgramming fur the Java Virtual Machine</i>. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison & Wesley. 1999. p. 355. 488 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-201-30972-6" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-201-30972-6">0-201-30972-6</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Porgramming+fur+the+Java+Virtual+Machine&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-201-30972-6&rft.pages=355&rft.place=Reading%2C+Massachusetts&rft.pub=Addison+%26+Wesley&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Cumpiladores</i>. Percípios i Práticas. San Paulo: Pioneira Thompson Learning. 2004. p. 5. 569 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/85-221-0422-0" title="Special:Fontes de livros/85-221-0422-0">85-221-0422-0</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Cumpiladores&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=85-221-0422-0&rft.pages=5&rft.place=San+Paulo&rft.pub=Pioneira+Thompson+Learning&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Linkers & Loaders</i>. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers. 2000. p. 1-3. 256 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/1-55860-496-0" title="Special:Fontes de livros/1-55860-496-0">1-55860-496-0</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Linkers+%26+Loaders&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-55860-496-0&rft.pages=1-3&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pub=Morgan+Kaufmann+Publishers&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ahoparsing-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ahoparsing_22-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>The Theory of Parsing, Traslation, and Cumpeling, Bol. 1, Parsing</i>. <b>1</b>. Anglewod Cliffs, Nuoba Jersey, EUA: Prentice Preça de casa. 1972. p. 59. 542 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-13-914556-7" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-13-914556-7">0-13-914556-7</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=The+Theory+of+Parsing%2C+Traslation%2C+and+Cumpeling%2C+Bol.+1%2C+Parsing&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-13-914556-7&rft.pages=59&rft.place=Anglewod+Cliffs%2C+Nuoba+Jersey%2C+EUA&rft.pub=Prentice+Pre%C3%A7a+de+casa&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|belumes=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">La refréncia ten parámetros obsoletos <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coautor=</code> (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#deprecated_params" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|cooutores=</code> requer <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|outor=</code> (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#coauthors_missing_author" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-anaprice-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-anaprice_23-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Price, Ana M. La.; Toscano, Simon Sirineo (2000). <i>Amplementaçon de Lenguaiges de Porgramaçon: Cumpiladores</i>. Série de Libros Didáticos Númaro 9. Porto Alegre: Sagra Luzzatto. 195 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/978-85-241-0639-2" title="Special:Fontes de livros/978-85-241-0639-2">978-85-241-0639-2</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.au=Price%2C+Ana+M.+La.%3B+Toscano%2C+Simon+Sirineo&rft.btitle=Amplementa%C3%A7on+de+Lenguaiges+de+Porgrama%C3%A7on%3A+Cumpiladores&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-85-241-0639-2&rft.place=Porto+Alegre&rft.pub=Sagra+Luzzatto&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 mantenéncia: Nomes bariados: lhista de outores (<a href="/wiki/Catadorie:!CS1_manten%C3%A9ncia:_Nomes_bariados:_lhista_de_outores" title="Catadorie:!CS1 mantenéncia: Nomes bariados: lhista de outores">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rangel-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-rangel_24-0">23,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-rangel_24-1">23,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-di.anf.puc-riu.br/~rangel/cump.html">«Cumpiladores - Páigina de José Lucas Mouron Rangel Netto»</a>. PUC-Riu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Cunsultado an 21 de júnio de 2009</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Cumpiladores+-+P%C3%A1igina+de+Jos%C3%A9+Lucas+Mouron+Rangel+Netto&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=PUC-Riu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-di.anf.puc-riu.br%2F~rangel%2Fcump.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Crafting la Cumpiler with C</i>. Redwod City, California: Benjamin Cummings Publishing. 1991. p. 50. 812 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-8053-2166-7" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-8053-2166-7">0-8053-2166-7</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Crafting+la+Cumpiler+with+C&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-8053-2166-7&rft.pages=50&rft.place=Redwod+City%2C+California&rft.pub=Benjamin+Cummings+Publishing&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aho-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-aho_26-0">25,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-aho_26-1">25,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumpilers:_Principles,_Techniques,_and_Tols" class="extiw" title="en:Cumpilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tols">Cumpilers: Principles, Techniques and Tols</a></i>. Reading, Massachusetts, EUA: [s.n.] 796 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/978-0-201-10088-4" title="Special:Fontes de livros/978-0-201-10088-4">978-0-201-10088-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Cumpilers%3A+Principles%2C+Techniques+and+Tols&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-201-10088-4&rft.place=Reading%2C+Massachusetts%2C+EUA&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Eiditora=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|eiditora=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Outor=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|outor=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Anho=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|anho=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-delamaro-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-delamaro_27-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobateceditora">.com.br/libros/cumpilador/ <i>Cumo Custruir un Cumpilador Outelizando Ferramientas Java</i></a><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"> Cunsulte valor <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#bad_url" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span>. San Paulo: [s.n.] p. 4. 308 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/85-7522-055-1" title="Special:Fontes de livros/85-7522-055-1">85-7522-055-1</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Cumo+Custruir+un+Cumpilador+Outelizando+Ferramientas+Java&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=85-7522-055-1&rft.pages=4&rft.place=San+Paulo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobateceditora+.com.br%2Flibros%2Fcumpilador%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Eiditora=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|eiditora=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Anho=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|anho=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-grune-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-grune_28-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Porjeto Moderno de Cumpiladores</i>. Riu de Janeiro: [s.n.] <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/978-85-352-0876-4" title="Special:Fontes de livros/978-85-352-0876-4">978-85-352-0876-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Porjeto+Moderno+de+Cumpiladores&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-85-352-0876-4&rft.place=Riu+de+Janeiro&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Eiditora=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|eiditora=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Anho=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|anho=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">La refréncia ten parámetros obsoletos <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coautor=</code> (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#deprecated_params" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|cooutores=</code> requer <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|outor=</code> (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#coauthors_missing_author" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lewis-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-lewis_29-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Cumpiler Zeign Theory</i>. Reading, Massachusetts: [s.n.] p. 227. 647 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-201-14455-7" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-201-14455-7">0-201-14455-7</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Cumpiler+Zeign+Theory&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-201-14455-7&rft.pages=227&rft.place=Reading%2C+Massachusetts&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Eiditora=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|eiditora=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Anho=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|anho=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">La refréncia ten parámetros obsoletos <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coautor=</code> (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#deprecated_params" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|cooutores=</code> requer <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|outor=</code> (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#coauthors_missing_author" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Pratice and Principles of Cumpiler Building with C</i>. London: Prentice Preça de casa. 1996. p. 30. 427 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-13-349267-2" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-13-349267-2">0-13-349267-2</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Pratice+and+Principles+of+Cumpiler+Building+with+C&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-13-349267-2&rft.pages=30&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Prentice+Pre%C3%A7a+de+casa&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-watson-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-watson_31-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>High-Leble Languages and Their Cumpilers</i>. Wokinghan, Reino Ounido: Addison-Wesley. 1989. 337 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-201-18489-3" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-201-18489-3">0-201-18489-3</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=High-Leble+Languages+and+Their+Cumpilers&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-201-18489-3&rft.place=Wokinghan%2C+Reino+Ounido&rft.pub=Addison-Wesley&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wilheln-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-wilheln_32-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Wilheln, Reinhard; Maurer, Dieter (1995). <i>Cumpiler Zeign</i>. Harlow, Angland: Addison-Wesley. 606 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-201-42290-5" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-201-42290-5">0-201-42290-5</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.au=Wilheln%2C+Reinhard%3B+Maurer%2C+Dieter&rft.btitle=Cumpiler+Zeign&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-201-42290-5&rft.place=Harlow%2C+Angland&rft.pub=Addison-Wesley&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 mantenéncia: Nomes bariados: lhista de outores (<a href="/wiki/Catadorie:!CS1_manten%C3%A9ncia:_Nomes_bariados:_lhista_de_outores" title="Catadorie:!CS1 mantenéncia: Nomes bariados: lhista de outores">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tremblay-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-tremblay_33-0">32,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-tremblay_33-1">32,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-tremblay_33-2">32,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-tremblay_33-3">32,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Tremblay, Jean-Paul; Sorenson, Paul G. (1989). <i>The Theory and Pratice of Cumpiler Writing</i>. Nuoba Iorque: McGraw-Hill. 796 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-07-065161-2" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-07-065161-2">0-07-065161-2</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.au=Tremblay%2C+Jean-Paul%3B+Sorenson%2C+Paul+G.&rft.btitle=The+Theory+and+Pratice+of+Cumpiler+Writing&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-07-065161-2&rft.place=Nuoba+Iorque&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 mantenéncia: Nomes bariados: lhista de outores (<a href="/wiki/Catadorie:!CS1_manten%C3%A9ncia:_Nomes_bariados:_lhista_de_outores" title="Catadorie:!CS1 mantenéncia: Nomes bariados: lhista de outores">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pittman-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pittman_34-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Pittman, Thomas; Peters, James (1992). <i>The Art of Cumpiler Zeign</i>. Theory and Pratice. Anglewod Cliffs, Nuoba Jersey, EUA: Prentice Preça de casa. 419 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-13-048190-4" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-13-048190-4">0-13-048190-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.au=Pittman%2C+Thomas%3B+Peters%2C+James&rft.btitle=The+Art+of+Cumpiler+Zeign&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-13-048190-4&rft.place=Anglewod+Cliffs%2C+Nuoba+Jersey%2C+EUA&rft.pub=Prentice+Pre%C3%A7a+de+casa&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 mantenéncia: Nomes bariados: lhista de outores (<a href="/wiki/Catadorie:!CS1_manten%C3%A9ncia:_Nomes_bariados:_lhista_de_outores" title="Catadorie:!CS1 mantenéncia: Nomes bariados: lhista de outores">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Cumpiler Zeign and Custrution</i>. Tols and Techniques. Nuoba Iorque, EUA: Ban Nostrand Reinhold Cumpany. 1988. p. 8. 267 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-442-27536-6" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-442-27536-6">0-442-27536-6</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Cumpiler+Zeign+and+Custrution&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-442-27536-6&rft.pages=8&rft.place=Nuoba+Iorque%2C+EUA&rft.pub=Ban+Nostrand+Reinhold+Cumpany&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-36">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Processadores de Lenguaiges</i>. de la Cuncepçon a la Amplementaçon. Lisboua, Pertual: [s.n.] p. 247. 435 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/972-8469-01-2" title="Special:Fontes de livros/972-8469-01-2">972-8469-01-2</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Processadores+de+Lenguaiges&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=972-8469-01-2&rft.pages=247&rft.place=Lisboua%2C+Pertual&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Eiditora=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|eiditora=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Anho=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|anho=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aho_pcd-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-aho_pcd_37-0">36,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-aho_pcd_37-1">36,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-aho_pcd_37-2">36,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Aho, Alfred B.; Ullman, Jeffrey D. (1977). <i>Principles of Cumpiler Zeign</i>. Reading, Massachusetts, EUA: Addison-Wesley. 604 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-201-00022-9" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-201-00022-9">0-201-00022-9</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.au=Aho%2C+Alfred+B.%3B+Ullman%2C+Jeffrey+D.&rft.btitle=Principles+of+Cumpiler+Zeign&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-201-00022-9&rft.place=Reading%2C+Massachusetts%2C+EUA&rft.pub=Addison-Wesley&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 mantenéncia: Nomes bariados: lhista de outores (<a href="/wiki/Catadorie:!CS1_manten%C3%A9ncia:_Nomes_bariados:_lhista_de_outores" title="Catadorie:!CS1 mantenéncia: Nomes bariados: lhista de outores">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Adbanced Cumpiler Zeign Amplementation</i>. San Francisco, California: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers. 1997. p. 96. 856 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/1-55860-320-4" title="Special:Fontes de livros/1-55860-320-4">1-55860-320-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Adbanced+Cumpiler+Zeign+Amplementation&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-55860-320-4&rft.pages=96&rft.place=San+Francisco%2C+California&rft.pub=Morgan+Kaufmann+Publishers&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-39">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Algorithms fur Cumpiler Zeign</i>. Hinghan: Charles Riber medie. 2003. 334 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/81-7008-100-6" title="Special:Fontes de livros/81-7008-100-6">81-7008-100-6</a><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"> Cunsulte <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|isbn=</code> (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#bad_isbn" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Algorithms+fur+Cumpiler+Zeign&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=81-7008-100-6&rft.place=Hinghan&rft.pub=Charles+Riber+medie&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-40">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Aho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfred Aho (la páigina nun eisiste)">Aho, Alfred B.</a>; Ullman, Jeffrey D. (1972). <i>The Theory of Parsing, Traslation, and Cumpeling, Bol. 2, Cumpeling</i>. <b>2</b>. Anglewod Cliffs, Nuoba Jersey, EUA: Prentice Preça de casa. p. 720. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-201-914564-8" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-201-914564-8">0-201-914564-8</a><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"> Cunsulte <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|isbn=</code> (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#bad_isbn" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.au=Aho%2C+Alfred+B.%3B+Ullman%2C+Jeffrey+D.&rft.btitle=The+Theory+of+Parsing%2C+Traslation%2C+and+Cumpeling%2C+Bol.+2%2C+Cumpeling&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-201-914564-8&rft.pages=720&rft.place=Anglewod+Cliffs%2C+Nuoba+Jersey%2C+EUA&rft.pub=Prentice+Pre%C3%A7a+de+casa&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|belumes=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 mantenéncia: Nomes bariados: lhista de outores (<a href="/wiki/Catadorie:!CS1_manten%C3%A9ncia:_Nomes_bariados:_lhista_de_outores" title="Catadorie:!CS1 mantenéncia: Nomes bariados: lhista de outores">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-41">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Cumpiler Custrution</i>. Nuoba Iorque: Springer-Berlag. 1984. p. 302. 446 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-387-90821-8" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-387-90821-8">0-387-90821-8</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Cumpiler+Custrution&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-387-90821-8&rft.pages=302&rft.place=Nuoba+Iorque&rft.pub=Springer-Berlag&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hunter-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-hunter_42-0">41,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-hunter_42-1">41,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Cumpiladores</i>. Sue Cuncepçon i Porgramaçon an Pascal. Lisboua: Persença. 1987. p. 259-275. 323 páiginas. Depósito legal mº 16057/87</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Cumpiladores&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=259-275&rft.place=Lisboua&rft.pub=Persen%C3%A7a&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-43">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Amplementaçon de Lenguaiges de Porgramaçon</i>. Riu de Janeiro: [s.n.] p. 170-171. 189 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/85-7030-009-3" title="Special:Fontes de livros/85-7030-009-3">85-7030-009-3</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Amplementa%C3%A7on+de+Lenguaiges+de+Porgrama%C3%A7on&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=85-7030-009-3&rft.pages=170-171&rft.place=Riu+de+Janeiro&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Eiditora=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|eiditora=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Anho=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|anho=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-holub-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-holub_44-0">43,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-holub_44-1">43,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Cumpiler Zeign in C</i>. Anglewod Cliffs, Nuoba Jersey: Prentice Preça de casa. 1990. p. 201;348. 924 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-13-155045-4" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-13-155045-4">0-13-155045-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Cumpiler+Zeign+in+C&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-13-155045-4&rft.pages=201%3B348&rft.place=Anglewod+Cliffs%2C+Nuoba+Jersey&rft.pub=Prentice+Pre%C3%A7a+de+casa&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-45">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><i>Algorithms fur Cumpiler Zeign</i>. Hinghan: Charles Riber medie. 2003. p. 261. 334 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/81-7008-100-6" title="Special:Fontes de livros/81-7008-100-6">81-7008-100-6</a><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"> Cunsulte <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|isbn=</code> (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#bad_isbn" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Algorithms+fur+Cumpiler+Zeign&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=81-7008-100-6&rft.pages=261&rft.place=Hinghan&rft.pub=Charles+Riber+medie&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografie">Bibliografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Eiditar cacho: Bibliografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eiditar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&action=edit&section=13" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Bibliografie"><span>eiditar código-fuonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book"><i>Modern Cumpiler Amplementation in C</i>. Basic Techiques. [S.l.: s.n.] 398 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-521-58653-4" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-521-58653-4">0-521-58653-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Modern+Cumpiler+Amplementation+in+C&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-521-58653-4&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Eiditora=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|eiditora=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Anho=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|anho=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book"><i>Writing Anteratibe Cumpilers and Anterpreters</i>. Chichester: John Wiley & Sonidos. 1979. 265 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-471-27609-X" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-471-27609-X">0-471-27609-X</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Writing+Anteratibe+Cumpilers+and+Anterpreters&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-471-27609-X&rft.place=Chichester&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sonidos&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book"><i>Custruting Language Processors fur Little Languages</i>. Nuoba Iorque: John Wiley & Sonidos. 1994. 452 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-471-59754-6" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-471-59754-6">0-471-59754-6</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Custruting+Language+Processors+fur+Little+Languages&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-471-59754-6&rft.place=Nuoba+Iorque&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sonidos&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book"><i>The Anatomy of la Cumpiler</i>. Nuoba Iorque: Reinhold Publishing Cumpany. 1967. 275 páiginas. Library of Cungress Catalog Card Number: 67-29207</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=The+Anatomy+of+la+Cumpiler&rft.genre=book&rft.place=Nuoba+Iorque&rft.pub=Reinhold+Publishing+Cumpany&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book"><i>Building Parsers with Java</i>. Boston: Addison-Wesley. 2001. 371 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-201-71962-2" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-201-71962-2">0-201-71962-2</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Building+Parsers+with+Java&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-201-71962-2&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Addison-Wesley&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book"><i>Antroduçon a la Cumpilaçon</i>. Riu de Janeiro: Campus, Eilsebier. 2008. 264 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/978-85-352-3067-3" title="Special:Fontes de livros/978-85-352-3067-3">978-85-352-3067-3</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Antrodu%C3%A7on+a+la+Cumpila%C3%A7on&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-85-352-3067-3&rft.place=Riu+de+Janeiro&rft.pub=Campus%2C+Eilsebier&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book"><i>Porgramming Language Traslation</i>. La Pratical Approach. Wokinghan: Addison-Wesley. 1986. 443 páiginas. <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-201-18040-5" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-201-18040-5">0-201-18040-5</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Porgramming+Language+Traslation&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-201-18040-5&rft.place=Wokinghan&rft.pub=Addison-Wesley&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cs.anf.ethç.ch/~wirth/books/CumpilerConstrution"><i>Cumpiler Custrution</i></a><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"> Cunsulte valor <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#bad_url" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span>. [S.l.: s.n.] <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Standard_Book_Number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Standard Book Number (la páigina nun eisiste)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Fontes_de_livros/0-201-40353-6" title="Special:Fontes de livros/0-201-40353-6">0-201-40353-6</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmwl.wikipedia.org%3ACumpilador&rft.btitle=Cumpiler+Custrution&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-201-40353-6&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.anf.eth%C3%A7.ch%2F~wirth%2Fbooks%2FCumpilerConstrution&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|radadeiro=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Eiditora=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|eiditora=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|Anho=</code> ignorado (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|anho=</code>) sugerido (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parâmetro desconhecido <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|léngua3=</code> ignorado (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>); </span><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|nome1=</code> sem <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|sobrenome1=</code> em Authors list (<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#first_missing_last" class="extiw" title="pt:Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ligaçones_sternas"><span id="Liga.C3.A7ones_sternas"></span>Ligaçones sternas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Eiditar cacho: Ligaçones sternas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eiditar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&action=edit&section=14" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ligaçones sternas"><span>eiditar código-fuonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="infobox noprint" style="width:250px; line-height:2.2em; font-size:90%"> <tbody><tr style="line-height:1.3em"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;">Ls outros porjetos <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1gina_Principal" class="extiw" title="wikimedia:Página Principal">Wikimedia</a> tamien ténen material subre este tema: </td></tr> </tbody></table><div id="interProject" style="display:none;"> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-di.anf.puc-riu.br/~rangel/cump.html">Páigina cun material de cumpiladores</a> ()</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://berto.sf.net">Cumpilador Eiducatibo Berto</a> ()</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www">.pthefrecountry .com/cumpilers/andex.shtml Cumpiladores libres</a> ()</li></ul> <ul class="noprint" style="border-top: solid silver 1px; border-bottom:1px solid silver; padding:3px; background-color: #F9F9F9; text-align: center; margin-top:10px; margin-left: 0; clear: both;"></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Sacado an "<a dir="ltr" href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&oldid=83443">https://mwl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cumpilador&oldid=83443</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categorias" title="Special:Categorias">Catadories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catadorie:!P%C3%A1iginas_cun_refr%C3%A9ncias_cun_par%C3%A1metros_sugeridos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catadorie:!Páiginas cun refréncias cun parámetros sugeridos (la páigina nun eisiste)">!Páiginas cun refréncias cun parámetros sugeridos</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catadorie:!P%C3%A1iginas_cun_cita%C3%A7ones_cun_par%C3%A1metros_sin_suporte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catadorie:!Páiginas cun citaçones cun parámetros sin suporte (la páigina nun eisiste)">!Páiginas cun citaçones cun parámetros sin suporte</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catadorie:!P%C3%A1iginas_cun_refr%C3%A9ncias_i_par%C3%A1metros_obsoletos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catadorie:!Páiginas cun refréncias i parámetros obsoletos (la páigina nun eisiste)">!Páiginas cun refréncias i parámetros obsoletos</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catadorie:!P%C3%A1iginas_cun_erros_CS1:_falta_outor_%C3%B3_eiditor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catadorie:!Páiginas cun erros CS1: falta outor ó eiditor (la páigina nun eisiste)">!Páiginas cun erros CS1: falta outor ó eiditor</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catadorie:!P%C3%A1iginas_cun_erros_cooutores_sin_outor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catadorie:!Páiginas cun erros cooutores sin outor (la páigina nun eisiste)">!Páiginas cun erros cooutores sin outor</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Catadorie:!CS1_manten%C3%A9ncia:_Nomes_bariados:_lhista_de_outores" title="Catadorie:!CS1 mantenéncia: Nomes bariados: lhista de outores">!CS1 mantenéncia: Nomes bariados: lhista de outores</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catadorie:!P%C3%A1iginas_cun_erros_URL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catadorie:!Páiginas cun erros URL (la páigina nun eisiste)">!Páiginas cun erros URL</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catadorie:!P%C3%A1iginas_cun_erros_ISBN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catadorie:!Páiginas cun erros ISBN (la páigina nun eisiste)">!Páiginas cun erros ISBN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Catadorie:P%C3%A1iginas_que_outelizan_lhiga%C3%A7ones_m%C3%A1gicas_ISBN" title="Catadorie:Páiginas que outelizan lhigaçones mágicas ISBN">Páiginas que outelizan lhigaçones mágicas ISBN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Catadorie:Cumpiladores" title="Catadorie:Cumpiladores">Cumpiladores</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catadorie:Porgrama%C3%A7on&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catadorie:Porgramaçon (la páigina nun eisiste)">Porgramaçon</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Catadorie scundida: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catadorie:!CS1_manten%C3%A9ncia:_Lh%C3%A9ngua_n%C3%B3_recoincida" title="Catadorie:!CS1 mantenéncia: Lhéngua nó recoincida">!CS1 mantenéncia: Lhéngua nó recoincida</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Esta páigina fui eiditada pula redadeira beç a la(s) 17h25min de 27 de maio de 2013.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Este testo ye çponeblizado ne ls termos de la lhicença <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.pt">Creative Commons - Atribuiçon - Cumpartir Eigual 4.0 Nun Adaptada (CC BY-SA 4.0)</a>; 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