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<span>Structure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Structure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Structure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Organization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Branches_of_service" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Branches_of_service"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Branches of service</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Branches_of_service-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operational_structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operational_structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Operational structure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operational_structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Special_operations_forces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Special_operations_forces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Special operations forces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Special_operations_forces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personnel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personnel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Personnel</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Personnel-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Personnel subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Personnel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Commissioned_officers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commissioned_officers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Commissioned officers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commissioned_officers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enlisted_personnel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enlisted_personnel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Enlisted personnel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enlisted_personnel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Equipment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Equipment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Equipment</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Equipment subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Heavy_equipment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heavy_equipment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Heavy equipment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heavy_equipment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Weapons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Weapons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Weapons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Weapons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Individual_and_crew-served_weapons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Individual_and_crew-served_weapons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Individual and crew-served weapons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Individual_and_crew-served_weapons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infantry_equipment_and_uniforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infantry_equipment_and_uniforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>Infantry equipment and uniforms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infantry_equipment_and_uniforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transformation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transformation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Transformation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transformation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Equipment_summary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Equipment_summary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Equipment summary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Equipment_summary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relationship_with_other_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relationship_with_other_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Relationship with other organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relationship_with_other_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">People's Liberation Army Ground Force</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B4_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="القوات البرية للجيش التحرير الشعبي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="القوات البرية للجيش التحرير الشعبي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%C3%A7a_terrestre_de_l%27Ex%C3%A8rcit_Popular_d%27Alliberament" title="Força terrestre de l'Exèrcit Popular d'Alliberament – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Força terrestre de l'Exèrcit Popular d'Alliberament" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozemn%C3%AD_s%C3%ADly_%C4%8C%C3%ADnsk%C3%A9_lidov%C3%A9_osvobozeneck%C3%A9_arm%C3%A1dy" title="Pozemní síly Čínské lidové osvobozenecké armády – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pozemní síly Čínské lidové osvobozenecké armády" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heer_der_Volksrepublik_China" title="Heer der Volksrepublik China – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Heer der Volksrepublik China" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuerzas_Terrestres_del_Ej%C3%A9rcito_Popular_de_Liberaci%C3%B3n" title="Fuerzas Terrestres del Ejército Popular de Liberación – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fuerzas Terrestres del Ejército Popular de Liberación" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%B4_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%B4_%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%82" title="نیروی زمینی ارتش آزادی‌بخش خلق – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیروی زمینی ارتش آزادی‌بخش خلق" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arm%C3%A9e_de_terre_chinoise" title="Armée de terre chinoise – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Armée de terre chinoise" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EA%B5%AD_%EC%9D%B8%EB%AF%BC%ED%95%B4%EB%B0%A9%EA%B5%B0_%EC%9C%A1%EA%B5%B0" title="중국 인민해방군 육군 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="중국 인민해방군 육군" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angkatan_Darat_Tentara_Pembebasan_Rakyat" title="Angkatan Darat Tentara Pembebasan Rakyat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Angkatan Darat Tentara Pembebasan Rakyat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhongguo_Renmin_Jiefangjun_Lujun" title="Zhongguo Renmin Jiefangjun Lujun – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Zhongguo Renmin Jiefangjun Lujun" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%97_%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%A2%D7%99_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%A6%D7%91%D7%90_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%99" title="הכוח הקרקעי של צבא השחרור העממי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הכוח הקרקעי של צבא השחרור העממי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forza_tal-Art_tal-Armata_tal-%C4%A6elsien_tal-Poplu" title="Forza tal-Art tal-Armata tal-Ħelsien tal-Poplu – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Forza tal-Art tal-Armata tal-Ħelsien tal-Poplu" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angkatan_Darat_Tentera_Pembebasan_Rakyat" title="Angkatan Darat Tentera Pembebasan Rakyat – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Angkatan Darat Tentera Pembebasan Rakyat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E8%BB%8D%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D" title="中国人民解放軍陸軍 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="中国人民解放軍陸軍" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/For%C3%A7as_Terrestres_do_Ex%C3%A9rcito_de_Liberta%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Popular" title="Forças Terrestres do Exército de Libertação Popular – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Forças Terrestres do Exército de Libertação Popular" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%9D%D0%A0" title="Сухопутные войска КНР – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сухопутные войска КНР" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ushtria_Kineze" title="Ushtria Kineze – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ushtria Kineze" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopenske_sile_Ljudske_osvobodilne_vojske" title="Kopenske sile Ljudske osvobodilne vojske – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kopenske sile Ljudske osvobodilne vojske" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansan_vapautusarmeijan_maavoimat" title="Kansan vapautusarmeijan maavoimat – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kansan vapautusarmeijan maavoimat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folkets_befrielsearm%C3%A9s_markstridskrafter" title="Folkets befrielsearmés markstridskrafter – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Folkets befrielsearmés markstridskrafter" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99" title="กองทัพบกกองทัพปลดปล่อยประชาชน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กองทัพบกกองทัพปลดปล่อยประชาชน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87in_Halk_Kurtulu%C5%9F_Ordusu_Kara_Kuvvetleri" title="Çin Halk Kurtuluş Ordusu Kara Kuvvetleri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Çin Halk Kurtuluş Ordusu Kara Kuvvetleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Сухопутні війська Китайської Народної Республіки – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сухопутні війська Китайської Народної Республіки" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Land service branch of the Chinese People's Liberation Army</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Chinese Ground Forces" redirect here; not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_Army" title="Republic of China Army">Republic of China Army</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Army_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Chinese Army (disambiguation)">Chinese Army (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="Special:EditPage/People's Liberation Army Ground Force">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22People%27s+Liberation+Army+Ground+Force%22">"People's Liberation Army Ground Force"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22People%27s+Liberation+Army+Ground+Force%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22People%27s+Liberation+Army+Ground+Force%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22People%27s+Liberation+Army+Ground+Force%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22People%27s+Liberation+Army+Ground+Force%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22People%27s+Liberation+Army+Ground+Force%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">People's Liberation Army Ground Force</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-CN">中国人民解放军陆军</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force.png/250px-Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force.png/375px-Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force.png/500px-Emblem_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="365" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Emblem of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1927<span class="noprint">; 97 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1927</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Army" title="Army">Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Land_warfare" title="Land warfare">Land warfare</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">965,000 active personnel <span style="font-size:85%;">(2024)</span><sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/43px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military Commission</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Motto(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">"<a href="/wiki/Serve_the_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Serve the people">Serve the people</a>!" (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">为人民服务</span>)<br />"Follow the Party! Fight to win! Forge exemplary conduct!" (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">听党指挥、能打胜仗、作风优良</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Colors</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#DD0000; color:white;"> </span> Red<br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#008000; color:white;"> </span> Green</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">March</th><td class="infobox-data">March of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Equipment</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="List of equipment of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force">List of PLAGF equipment</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data"><div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War" title="Chinese Civil War">Chinese Civil War</a> (1927-37, 1945-49)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Sino_Japanese_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Sino Japanese War">Second Sino Japanese War</a> (1937-45)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> (1950-53)</li><li><a href="/wiki/1960%E2%80%931961_campaign_at_the_China%E2%80%93Burma_border" title="1960–1961 campaign at the China–Burma border">Campaign at the China–Burma border</a> (1960-61)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Indian_War" title="Sino-Indian War">Sino-Indian War</a> (1962)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> (1962-75)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Nathu_La_and_Cho_La_clashes" title="Nathu La and Cho La clashes">Nathu La and Cho La clashes</a> (1967)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Soviet_border_conflict" title="Sino-Soviet border conflict">Sino-Soviet border conflict</a> (1969)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Vietnamese_War" title="Sino-Vietnamese War">Sino-Vietnamese War</a> (1979)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Vietnamese_conflicts_1979-90" class="mw-redirect" title="Sino-Vietnamese conflicts 1979-90">Sino-Vietnamese conflicts 1979-90</a> (1979-90)</li><li><a href="/wiki/1999_East_Timorese_crisis" title="1999 East Timorese crisis">1999 East Timorese crisis</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mali_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Mali conflict">Northern Mali conflict</a> (2012–present)</li><li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudanese_Civil_War" title="South Sudanese Civil War">South Sudanese Civil War</a> (2013-20)</li><li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932022_China%E2%80%93India_skirmishes" class="mw-redirect" title="2020–2022 China–India skirmishes">2020–2022 China–India skirmishes</a> (2020–present)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eng.chinamil.com.cn/armed-forces/army.htm">Official website</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="Commander of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force">Commander</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jiang_(rank)" title="Jiang (rank)">General</a> <a href="/wiki/Li_Qiaoming" title="Li Qiaoming">Li Qiaoming</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_Commissar" class="mw-redirect" title="Political Commissar">Political Commissar</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jiang_(rank)" title="Jiang (rank)">General</a> <a href="/wiki/Qin_Shutong" title="Qin Shutong">Qin Shutong</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief of Staff">Chief of Staff</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jiang_(rank)" title="Jiang (rank)">General</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Li_Zhonglin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Li Zhonglin (page does not exist)">Li Zhonglin</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Insignia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Symbol</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_Emblem_PLA.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/China_Emblem_PLA.svg/125px-China_Emblem_PLA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/China_Emblem_PLA.svg/188px-China_Emblem_PLA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/China_Emblem_PLA.svg/250px-China_Emblem_PLA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="757" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Flag</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/125px-Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/188px-Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/250px-Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Sleeve badge</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force_sleeve_badge.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force_sleeve_badge.svg/100px-People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force_sleeve_badge.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force_sleeve_badge.svg/150px-People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force_sleeve_badge.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force_sleeve_badge.svg/200px-People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force_sleeve_badge.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="327" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_Emblem_PLA.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/China_Emblem_PLA.svg/150px-China_Emblem_PLA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/China_Emblem_PLA.svg/225px-China_Emblem_PLA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/China_Emblem_PLA.svg/300px-China_Emblem_PLA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="757" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#556B2F; color:#f9f9f9;"> Executive departments</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defense_(China)" title="Ministry of National Defense (China)">Ministry of National Defense</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#556B2F; color:#f9f9f9;"> Staff</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Chairman of the Central Military Commission (China)">Chairman of the CMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Staff_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission">Joint Staff Department of the CMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_Work_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Political Work Department of the Central Military Commission">Political Work Department of the CMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Discipline_Inspection_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Military Commission">Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CMC</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#556B2F; color:#f9f9f9;"> Services</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/46px-Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ground Force</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Naval_Ensign_of_China.svg/23px-Naval_Ensign_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Naval_Ensign_of_China.svg/35px-Naval_Ensign_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Naval_Ensign_of_China.svg/46px-Naval_Ensign_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy" title="People's Liberation Army Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Air_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Air_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Air_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Air_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Air_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/46px-Air_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Rocket_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Rocket_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Rocket_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Rocket_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Rocket_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/46px-Rocket_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Rocket_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Rocket Force">Rocket Force</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#556B2F; color:#f9f9f9;"> Arms</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/43px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Aerospace_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Aerospace Force">Aerospace Force</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/43px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Cyberspace_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Cyberspace Force">Cyberspace Force</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/43px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Information_Support_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Information Support Force">Information Support Force</a></li> <li><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/43px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Joint_Logistics_Support_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force">Joint Logistics Support Force</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#556B2F; color:#f9f9f9;"> Domestic troops</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_(CAPF)_cap_insignia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cap insignia of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force"><img alt="Cap insignia of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia.svg/21px-Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia.svg/32px-Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia.svg/42px-Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force_%28CAPF%29_cap_insignia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="775" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Armed_Police" title="People's Armed Police">People's Armed Police</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_(2024).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_%282024%29.png/21px-Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_%282024%29.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_%282024%29.png/32px-Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_%282024%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_%282024%29.png/42px-Emblem_of_China_Coast_Guard_%282024%29.png 2x" data-file-width="501" data-file-height="502" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/China_Coast_Guard" title="China Coast Guard">China Coast Guard</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Defense_Mobilization_Committee_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/National_Defense_Mobilization_Committee_logo.svg/21px-National_Defense_Mobilization_Committee_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/National_Defense_Mobilization_Committee_logo.svg/32px-National_Defense_Mobilization_Committee_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/National_Defense_Mobilization_Committee_logo.svg/42px-National_Defense_Mobilization_Committee_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="264" data-file-height="264" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Militia_(China)" title="Militia (China)">Militia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Militia_(China)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritime Militia (China)">Maritime Militia</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#556B2F; color:#f9f9f9;"> Special operations force</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Special_Operations_Forces" title="People's Liberation Army Special Operations Forces">PLA Special Operations Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Police_Unit_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Police Unit of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force">Special Police Unit of the PAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_Leopard_Commando_Unit" title="Snow Leopard Commando Unit">Snow Leopard Commando Unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Eagle_Commando_Unit" title="Mountain Eagle Commando Unit">Mountain Eagle Commando Unit</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#556B2F; color:#f9f9f9;"> Military districts</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Theater_Command" title="Eastern Theater Command">Eastern Theater Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Theater_Command" title="Southern Theater Command">Southern Theater Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Theater_Command" title="Western Theater Command">Western Theater Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Theater_Command" title="Northern Theater Command">Northern Theater Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Theater_Command" title="Central Theater Command">Central Theater Command</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#556B2F; color:#f9f9f9;"> History of the Chinese military</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_China" title="Military history of China">Military history of China</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#556B2F; color:#f9f9f9;"> Military ranks of China</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force">Ranks of the PLA Ground Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy" title="Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Navy">Ranks of the PLA Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force" title="Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Air Force">Ranks of the PLA Air Force</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:PRC_military_sidebar" title="Template:PRC military sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:PRC_military_sidebar" title="Template talk:PRC military sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:PRC_military_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:PRC military sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>People's Liberation Army Ground Force</b><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<b>PLAGF</b>), also referred to as the <b>PLA Army</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESaunders_et_al.201977_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESaunders_et_al.201977-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the <a href="/wiki/Army" title="Army">land-based</a> service branch of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a> (PLA), and also its largest and oldest branch. The PLAGF can trace its lineage from 1927 as the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Red_Army" title="Chinese Red Army">Chinese Red Army</a>; however, it was not officially established until 1948. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="History of the People's Liberation Army">History of the People's Liberation Army</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_China_before_1911" class="mw-redirect" title="Military history of China before 1911">Military history of China before 1911</a></div> <p>In February 1949, the existing large number of armies and divisions were regularized into up to seventy armies of three divisions each. While some, such as the <a href="/wiki/1st_Army_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="1st Army (People's Republic of China)">1st Army</a>, survived for over fifty years, a number were quickly amalgamated and disestablished in the early 1950s. It appears that twenty per cent or even more of the seventy new armies were disestablished up to 1953; in 1952 alone, the <a href="/wiki/3rd_Corps_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="3rd Corps (People's Republic of China)">3rd</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=4th_Corps_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4th Corps (People's Republic of China) (page does not exist)">4th</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=10th_Corps_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="10th Corps (People's Republic of China) (page does not exist)">10th</a>, <a href="/wiki/17th_Corps_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="17th Corps (People's Republic of China)">17th</a>, <a href="/wiki/18th_Corps_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="18th Corps (People's Republic of China)">18th</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=19th_Corps_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="19th Corps (People's Republic of China) (page does not exist)">19th</a> Armies were disbanded. </p><p>The PLAGF consist of conventionally armed main and regional units, which in 1987 made up over 70 percent of the PLA. It provided a good conventional defense, but in 1987 had only limited offensive potential and was poorly equipped for <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_warfare" title="Nuclear warfare">nuclear</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biological_warfare" title="Biological warfare">biological</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Chemical_warfare" title="Chemical warfare">chemical warfare</a>. Main forces included about 35 <a href="/wiki/Group_armies" class="mw-redirect" title="Group armies">group armies</a>, comprising 118 <a href="/wiki/Infantry_division" class="mw-redirect" title="Infantry division">infantry divisions</a>, 13 <a href="/wiki/Armored_division" class="mw-redirect" title="Armored division">armored divisions</a>, and 33 <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">artillery</a> and <a href="/wiki/Antiaircraft_artillery" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiaircraft artillery">antiaircraft artillery</a> divisions, plus 71 independent <a href="/wiki/Regiment" title="Regiment">regiments</a> and 21 independent <a href="/wiki/Battalion" title="Battalion">battalions</a> of mostly support troops.<sup id="cite_ref-CStudyPLA_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CStudyPLA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Regional forces consisted of 73 divisions of <a href="/wiki/Border_defense" class="mw-redirect" title="Border defense">border defense</a> and <a href="/wiki/Garrison" title="Garrison">garrison</a> troops plus 140 independent regiments. </p><p>Under the old system, a <a href="/wiki/Field_army" title="Field army">field army</a> consisted of three partially motorized infantry divisions and two regiments of artillery and anti-aircraft artillery.<sup id="cite_ref-CStudyPLA_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CStudyPLA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each field army division had over 12,000 personnel in three infantry regiments, one artillery regiment, one armored regiment, and one anti-aircraft artillery battalion. Organization was flexible, the higher echelons being free to tailor forces for combat around any number of infantry divisions. At least theoretically, each division had its own armor and artillery — actual equipment levels were not revealed and probably varied — and the assets at the army level and within the independent units could be apportioned as needed. </p><p>In 1987 the new, main-force group armies typically included 46,300 soldiers in up to four divisions, believed to include <a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">infantry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armor" class="mw-redirect" title="Armor">armor</a>, artillery, <a href="/wiki/Air_defense" class="mw-redirect" title="Air defense">air defense</a>, <a href="/wiki/Airborne_forces" title="Airborne forces">airborne</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Air_support" class="mw-redirect" title="Air support">air support</a> elements.<sup id="cite_ref-CStudyPLA_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CStudyPLA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the new group armies were supposed to reflect a move to <a href="/wiki/Combined-arms" class="mw-redirect" title="Combined-arms">combined-arms</a> operations, because of a lack of <a href="/wiki/Mechanization" title="Mechanization">mechanization</a> they continued to consist of infantry supported by armor, artillery, and other units. The 13 armored divisions each had 3 regiments and 240 <a href="/wiki/Main_battle_tank" title="Main battle tank">main battle tanks</a> (MBT) but lacked adequate <a href="/wiki/Mechanized_infantry" title="Mechanized infantry">mechanized infantry</a> support. </p><p>There was little evidence of the use of <a href="/wiki/Armored_personnel_carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Armored personnel carrier">armored personnel carriers</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Sino-Vietnamese_border_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Sino-Vietnamese border conflict">Sino-Vietnamese border conflict</a> in 1979, and tanks were used as <a href="/wiki/Mobile_artillery" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile artillery">mobile artillery</a> and as support for dismounted infantry. Artillery forces emphasized towed guns, <a href="/wiki/Howitzer" title="Howitzer">howitzers</a>, and truck-mounted <a href="/wiki/Multiple_rocket_launcher" title="Multiple rocket launcher">multiple rocket launchers</a>. In the 1980s some <a href="/wiki/Self-propelled_artillery" title="Self-propelled artillery">self-propelled artillery</a> entered service, but the PLA also produced <a href="/wiki/Transporter_erector_launcher" title="Transporter erector launcher">rocket launchers</a> as a cheaper but not totally effective alternative to self-propelled guns. There was a variety of construction equipment, mobile bridging, trucks, and <a href="/wiki/Prime_mover_(tractor_unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime mover (tractor unit)">prime movers</a>. A new multiple rocket launcher for scattering <a href="/wiki/Antitank_mine" class="mw-redirect" title="Antitank mine">antitank mines</a> appeared in 1979, but <a href="/wiki/Mine-laying" class="mw-redirect" title="Mine-laying">mine-laying</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mine-clearing" class="mw-redirect" title="Mine-clearing">mine-clearing</a> equipment remained scarce. </p><p>Regional forces consisted of full-time PLA troops organized as independent divisions for garrison missions.<sup id="cite_ref-CStudyPLA_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CStudyPLA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Garrison divisions were static, artillery-heavy units deployed along the coastline and borders in areas of likely attack. Regional forces were armed less heavily than their main-force counterparts, and they were involved in training the militia. They were the PLA units commonly used to restore order during the <a href="/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" title="Cultural Revolution">Cultural Revolution</a>. When chairman <a href="/wiki/Mao" class="mw-redirect" title="Mao">Mao</a> proclaimed the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a> on October 1, 1949, the PLAGF was a 4.9 million-strong <a href="/wiki/Peasant" title="Peasant">peasant</a> army. After some time, the demobilization of ill-trained and politically unreliable troops began, resulting in the reduction of army strength. </p><p>In the 21st century, the PLAGF are continuing to undergo significant reform, experimentation, modernization, and restructuring to deal with potential threats and enhance their capabilities. Divisions are downsized into combined arms brigades, which reorganized into high-readiness <a href="/wiki/Army_groups_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Army groups of China">army groups</a>. The division echelon is phased out with only a limited number of division structures remaining existent.<sup id="cite_ref-rd_div_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rd_div-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the size of the PLA Ground Force has been reduced over the past few decades, technology-intensive elements such as <a href="/wiki/Special_operations_forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Special operations forces">special operations forces</a> (SOF), <a href="/wiki/Army_aviation" title="Army aviation">army aviation</a> (helicopters), <a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">surface-to-air missiles</a> (SAMs), and electronic warfare units have all been rapidly expanded.<sup id="cite_ref-Chinese_Ground_Forces_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chinese_Ground_Forces-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The latest operational <a href="/wiki/Military_doctrine" title="Military doctrine">doctrine</a> of the PLAGF highlights the importance of <a href="/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">information technology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electronic_warfare" title="Electronic warfare">electronic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Information_warfare" title="Information warfare">information warfare</a>, and long-range <a href="/wiki/Precision_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="Precision strike">precision strikes</a> in future warfare. The older generation telephone/radio-based command, control, and communications (C3) systems are being replaced by integrated battlefield information networks featuring local/wide-area networks (<a href="/wiki/LAN" class="mw-redirect" title="LAN">LAN</a>/<a href="/wiki/Wide_area_network" title="Wide area network">WAN</a>), <a href="/wiki/Satellite_communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Satellite communications">satellite communications</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle" title="Unmanned aerial vehicle">unmanned aerial vehicle</a> (UAV)-based <a href="/wiki/Surveillance" title="Surveillance">surveillance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance" title="Reconnaissance">reconnaissance</a> systems, and mobile <a href="/wiki/Command_and_control" title="Command and control">command and control</a> centers.<sup id="cite_ref-Chinese_Ground_Forces_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chinese_Ground_Forces-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (April 2020)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Pace_shakes_hands_with_a_Chinese_soldier_(Shenyang_Base,_China,_March_24_2007).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Peter Pace shakes hands with Chinese tankers at Shenyang in 2007"><img alt="Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Peter Pace shakes hands with Chinese tankers at Shenyang in 2007" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Peter_Pace_shakes_hands_with_a_Chinese_soldier_%28Shenyang_Base%2C_China%2C_March_24_2007%29.jpg/120px-Peter_Pace_shakes_hands_with_a_Chinese_soldier_%28Shenyang_Base%2C_China%2C_March_24_2007%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Peter_Pace_shakes_hands_with_a_Chinese_soldier_%28Shenyang_Base%2C_China%2C_March_24_2007%29.jpg/180px-Peter_Pace_shakes_hands_with_a_Chinese_soldier_%28Shenyang_Base%2C_China%2C_March_24_2007%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Peter_Pace_shakes_hands_with_a_Chinese_soldier_%28Shenyang_Base%2C_China%2C_March_24_2007%29.jpg/240px-Peter_Pace_shakes_hands_with_a_Chinese_soldier_%28Shenyang_Base%2C_China%2C_March_24_2007%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1723" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff" title="Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff">Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff</a> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Pace" title="Peter Pace">Peter Pace</a> shakes hands with Chinese tankers at Shenyang in 2007</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Soldiers_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Liberation_Army_-_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Soldiers of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force in 2011"><img alt="vehicle with painted camouflage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Soldiers_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Liberation_Army_-_2011.jpg/120px-Soldiers_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Liberation_Army_-_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Soldiers_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Liberation_Army_-_2011.jpg/180px-Soldiers_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Liberation_Army_-_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Soldiers_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Liberation_Army_-_2011.jpg/240px-Soldiers_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Liberation_Army_-_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1996" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Soldiers of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force in 2011</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oregon_National_Guard_(38512168642).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="PLAGF and Oregon National Guard work alongside during a disaster response exercise in 2017"><img alt="PLAGF and Oregon National Guard work alongside during a disaster response exercise in 2017" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Oregon_National_Guard_%2838512168642%29.jpg/120px-Oregon_National_Guard_%2838512168642%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Oregon_National_Guard_%2838512168642%29.jpg/180px-Oregon_National_Guard_%2838512168642%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Oregon_National_Guard_%2838512168642%29.jpg/240px-Oregon_National_Guard_%2838512168642%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5151" data-file-height="3620" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">PLAGF and <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Guard_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="National Guard of the United States">National Guard</a> work alongside during a disaster response exercise in 2017</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLASHOOTER2021%CC%A0closeup01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="PLAGF infantryman at the International Army Games in 2021"><img alt="PLAGF infantryman at the International Army Games in 2021" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PLASHOOTER2021%CC%A0closeup01.jpg/120px-PLASHOOTER2021%CC%A0closeup01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PLASHOOTER2021%CC%A0closeup01.jpg/180px-PLASHOOTER2021%CC%A0closeup01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/PLASHOOTER2021%CC%A0closeup01.jpg/240px-PLASHOOTER2021%CC%A0closeup01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">PLAGF infantryman at the <a href="/wiki/International_Army_Games" title="International Army Games">International Army Games</a> in 2021</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2015_People%27s_Republic_of_China_military_reform" title="2015 People's Republic of China military reform">2015 People's Republic of China military reform</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Theatres_of_PLA_en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Map_of_Theatres_of_PLA_en.svg/220px-Map_of_Theatres_of_PLA_en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Map_of_Theatres_of_PLA_en.svg/330px-Map_of_Theatres_of_PLA_en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Map_of_Theatres_of_PLA_en.svg/440px-Map_of_Theatres_of_PLA_en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="940" /></a><figcaption>The five theater commands of the PLA <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.defense.gov/Portals/1/Documents/pubs/2016%20China%20Military%20Power%20Report.pdf">[1]</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Organization">Organization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Command_hierarchy" title="Command hierarchy">Command</a> of the Chinese armed forces is exercised by the <a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military Commission</a> (CMC) through the service headquarters, including PLAGF headquarters, and the <a href="/wiki/Theater_commands_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Theater commands of the People's Liberation Army">theater commands</a> (TC). The PLAGF component in each TC is the Theater Command Army. Both PLAGF and TC headquarters exercise control over operational units in peacetime, with the TC taking complete control wartime. The military-political dual-command structure is present throughout.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUnited_States_Army20212-2_−_2-5_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUnited_States_Army20212-2_−_2-5-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Units in sensitive areas, like Beijing, Hong Kong, and Xinjiang, may be subordinated directly to PLAGF headquarters.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Branches_of_service">Branches of service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Branches of service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The PLAGF has a standing <a href="/wiki/Regular_army" title="Regular army">regular army</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Reserve_force" class="mw-redirect" title="Reserve force">reserve force</a>. Although <a href="/wiki/Conscription" title="Conscription">conscription</a> is employed in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> by law, mandatory <a href="/wiki/Military_service" title="Military service">military service</a> has not been implemented since 1949 as the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a> has been able to recruit sufficient numbers voluntarily.<sup id="cite_ref-Kang2015_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kang2015-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chinese <a href="/wiki/Militia_(China)" title="Militia (China)">militia</a> is not a component of the People's Liberation Army, however, they could provide a certain degree of reserve function, which was indicated by "Militia Military Training and Evaluation Outline" released by the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_General_Staff_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Liberation Army General Staff Department">People's Liberation Army General Staff Department</a> in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-PLA_and_Militia_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PLA_and_Militia-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>PLAGF branches of service (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">兵种</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Bīngzhǒng</span></i>) are composed of infantry (including mechanized infantry), armour, artillery, air defense, <a href="/wiki/Army_aviation" title="Army aviation">aviation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Military_engineering" title="Military engineering">military engineering</a>, <a href="/wiki/CBRN_defense" title="CBRN defense">anti-chemical</a>, <a href="/wiki/Signaller" title="Signaller">communications</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special_forces" title="Special forces">special operations</a>, logistics, reconnaissance, electronic warfare, etc. These branches of service have their respective military education institutions.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operational_structure">Operational structure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Operational structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>PLA operational structure reflects China's strategic missions, political environment, and geographical circumstances.<sup id="cite_ref-rd_inter_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rd_inter-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are 13 <a href="/wiki/Corps" title="Corps">corps sized</a> <a href="/wiki/Group_army_(military_unit)" title="Group army (military unit)">group armies</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">集团军</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Jítuánjūn</span></i>, also known as combined <a href="/wiki/Corps" title="Corps">corps</a>) since the end of April 2017, divided among five <a href="/wiki/Theater_commands_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Theater commands of the People's Liberation Army">Theater commands</a> — Eastern, Southern, Northern, Western and Central. Within the group armies, the old divisions (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">师</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Shī</span></i>) are being downsized into brigades (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">旅</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Lǚ</span></i>). Each group army includes six maneuver combined arms brigades, fire support/artillery brigades, air defense brigades, aviation brigades, special operations brigades, combat support brigades, and sustainment brigades.<sup id="cite_ref-rd_inter_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rd_inter-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-benning_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-benning-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mercator_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mercator-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUnited_States_Army20212-6_−_2-13_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUnited_States_Army20212-6_−_2-13-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The maneuver combat components of the group armies are <a href="/wiki/Combined_arms" title="Combined arms">combined arms</a> brigades (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">合成旅</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Héchénglǚ</span></i>), including a mix of heavy combined arms brigades, medium combined arms brigades, light combined arms brigade, amphibious combined arms brigades, and mountain combined arms brigades. The practice is functionally similar to the <a href="/wiki/US_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="US Army">US Army</a> <a href="/wiki/Brigade_combat_team" title="Brigade combat team">brigade combat team</a> concept with unique modifications influenced by China's terrain diversity, strategic priority, political system, and military history.<sup id="cite_ref-rd_inter_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rd_inter-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-benning_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-benning-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mercator_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mercator-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUnited_States_Army20212-7_−_2-10_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUnited_States_Army20212-7_−_2-10-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The PLA heavy, medium, and light combined arms brigades share a modular construct, resembling its superior and subordinate units at the <a href="/wiki/Corps" title="Corps">corps</a> and <a href="/wiki/Battalion" title="Battalion">battalion</a> level. A typical PLAGF combined arms brigade has the brigade HQ, four maneuver combat battalions, and other support battalions. For instance, a heavy combined arms brigade includes four combined arms battalions (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">合成营</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Héchéngyíng</span></i>), one artillery battalion, one air defense battalion, one reconnaissance battalion, one combat support battalion, and one sustainment battalion.<sup id="cite_ref-benning_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-benning-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mercator_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mercator-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Combined arms battalions apply a structure drawn from the brigade echelon. For example, heavy combined arms battalions consist of battalions HQ <a href="/wiki/Company_(military_unit)" title="Company (military unit)">company</a> (including subordinate medic, reconnaissance, and air defense <a href="/wiki/Platoon" title="Platoon">platoons</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-company_com_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-company_com-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> four maneuver combat companies including two tank companies (14 tanks per company), and two mechanized infantry companies (14 vehicles per company),<sup id="cite_ref-battalion_com_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-battalion_com-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> one firepower company, and one combat support/sustainment company.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUnited_States_Army20212-13_−_2-15_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUnited_States_Army20212-13_−_2-15-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before the 2015 reform, the <a href="/wiki/International_Institute_for_Strategic_Studies" title="International Institute for Strategic Studies">International Institute for Strategic Studies</a> (IISS) attributes the PLA Ground Force with nine active armored divisions consisting of a number of armored brigades, 25 infantry divisions (mechanized or motorized), organized into a number of infantry brigades, and 8 artillery divisions, also organized into field artillery brigades. Dennis Blasko wrote in 2000<sup id="cite_ref-Blasko_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blasko-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that the traditional structure of PLA divisions (armored and mechanized) consisted roughly of three regiments – <i>tuan</i> (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">团</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Tuán</span></i>) – of the main service arm, each of three battalions (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">营</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">yíng</span></i>) plus support units, a fourth regiment/brigade of infantry (in an armored division) or armor (in an infantry division), a field artillery regiment, an anti-aircraft defense regiment or battalion, and signals, engineer, reconnaissance, and chemical defense battalions or companies, plus combat service support units.<sup id="cite_ref-Blasko_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blasko-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Special_operations_forces">Special operations forces</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Special operations forces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Special_Operations_Forces" title="People's Liberation Army Special Operations Forces">People's Liberation Army Special Operations Forces</a></div> <p>The PLA first became interested in modern special warfare in the mid-1980s when it was shifting from the "<a href="/wiki/People%27s_War" class="mw-redirect" title="People's War">People's War</a>" to "active defense."<sup id="cite_ref-rd_inter_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rd_inter-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the reform, PLA special operations forces are organized under the combined corps level, as special operations brigades (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">特战旅</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Tèzhànlǚ</span></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-rd2_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rd2-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Special operation brigades provide organic deep reconnaissance and commando operation capability to the combined arms maneuver operations of their respective group armies, and they are highly specialized to operate in their specific theater. Different from Western-style special operations forces, PLAGF special operations brigades focus on operating in <a href="/wiki/Conventional_warfare" title="Conventional warfare">conventional military environments</a> with missions focusing on <a href="/wiki/Special_Reconnaissance" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Reconnaissance">Special Reconnaissance</a>, target acquisition, <a href="/wiki/Direct_Action" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct Action">Direct Action</a>, sabotage, raids, and <a href="/wiki/Search_and_rescue" title="Search and rescue">search and rescue</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fas_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fas-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The unconventional warfare, counterterrorism, <a href="/wiki/Foreign_internal_defense" title="Foreign internal defense">foreign internal defense</a>, civil affairs, and internal security capability in China are covered by <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Armed_Police" title="People's Armed Police">People's Armed Police</a> (PAP) special operations units, instead of the military.<sup id="cite_ref-fas_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fas-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Gates_Meets_Cao.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates greets Chinese Defense Minister Cao Gangchuan in Beijing, China on 5 November 2007"><img alt="U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates greets Chinese Defense Minister Cao Gangchuan in Beijing, China on 5 November 2007" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Robert_Gates_Meets_Cao.jpg/200px-Robert_Gates_Meets_Cao.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Robert_Gates_Meets_Cao.jpg/300px-Robert_Gates_Meets_Cao.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Robert_Gates_Meets_Cao.jpg/400px-Robert_Gates_Meets_Cao.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/U.S._Defense_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Defense Secretary">U.S. Defense Secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Gates" title="Robert Gates">Robert Gates</a> greets Chinese Defense Minister <a href="/wiki/Cao_Gangchuan" title="Cao Gangchuan">Cao Gangchuan</a> in Beijing, China on 5 November 2007</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:0B6X7826_(8200668796).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Military guard of the PLAGF in 2012"><img alt="Military guard of the PLAGF in 2012" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/0B6X7826_%288200668796%29.jpg/200px-0B6X7826_%288200668796%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/0B6X7826_%288200668796%29.jpg/300px-0B6X7826_%288200668796%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/0B6X7826_%288200668796%29.jpg/400px-0B6X7826_%288200668796%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4232" data-file-height="2953" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Military guard of the PLAGF in 2012</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_military_parade_in_honor_of_the_70-th_anniversary_of_the_end_of_the_Second_world_war_04.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="PLAGF infantrymen at the 2015 China Victory Day Parade"><img alt="PLAGF infantrymen at the 2015 China Victory Day Parade" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/The_military_parade_in_honor_of_the_70-th_anniversary_of_the_end_of_the_Second_world_war_04.jpg/200px-The_military_parade_in_honor_of_the_70-th_anniversary_of_the_end_of_the_Second_world_war_04.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/The_military_parade_in_honor_of_the_70-th_anniversary_of_the_end_of_the_Second_world_war_04.jpg/300px-The_military_parade_in_honor_of_the_70-th_anniversary_of_the_end_of_the_Second_world_war_04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/The_military_parade_in_honor_of_the_70-th_anniversary_of_the_end_of_the_Second_world_war_04.jpg/400px-The_military_parade_in_honor_of_the_70-th_anniversary_of_the_end_of_the_Second_world_war_04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="933" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">PLAGF infantrymen at the <a href="/wiki/2015_China_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2015 China Victory Day Parade">2015 China Victory Day Parade</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personnel">Personnel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Personnel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force">Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commissioned_officers">Commissioned officers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Commissioned officers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The current system of officer ranks and insignia is established in 1988. There are several paths to becoming a <a href="/wiki/Commissioned_officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Commissioned officer">commissioned officer</a>, such as joining a <a href="/wiki/Military_academy" title="Military academy">military academy</a>, attending reserve officer program, or cadre selection program.<sup id="cite_ref-wor_recurit_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wor_recurit-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Officers may use <i><a href="/wiki/Comrade" title="Comrade">Comrade</a></i> to formally address another member of the military ("comrade" plus rank or position, as in "comrade Colonel", "comrade battalion leader", or simply "comrade(s)" when lacking information about the person's rank, or talking to several service people.)<sup id="cite_ref-call_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-call-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table style="background-color:#F8F8FF; text-align:center; border:1px solid #000"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#D3D3D3;"> <th width="12%">Title </th> <th width="8%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">上将</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Shang_jiang" class="mw-redirect" title="Shang jiang">Shang jiang</a></i></span> </th> <th width="8%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">中将</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Zhong_jiang" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhong jiang">Zhong jiang</a></i></span> </th> <th width="8%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">少将</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Jiang_(rank)" title="Jiang (rank)">Shao jiang</a></i></span> </th> <th width="8%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">大校</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Da_xiao" class="mw-redirect" title="Da xiao">Da xiao</a></i></span> </th> <th width="8%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">上校</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Shang_xiao" class="mw-redirect" title="Shang xiao">Shang xiao</a></i></span> </th> <th width="8%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">中校</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Zhong_xiao" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhong xiao">Zhong xiao</a></i></span> </th> <th width="8%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">少校</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Shao_xiao" class="mw-redirect" title="Shao xiao">Shao xiao</a></i></span> </th> <th width="8%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">上尉</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Shang_wei" class="mw-redirect" title="Shang wei">Shang wei</a></i></span> </th> <th width="8%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">中尉</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Zhong_wei" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhong wei">Zhong wei</a></i></span> </th> <th width="8%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">少尉</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Shao_wei" class="mw-redirect" title="Shao wei">Shao wei</a></i></span> </th> <th width="8%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">学员</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Xue_yuan" title="Xue yuan">Xue yuan</a></i></span> </th></tr> <tr style="background-color:#D3D3D3;"> <th>Equivalent translation </th> <td><a href="/wiki/General_officer#Specific_rank_of_general" title="General officer">General</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general" title="Lieutenant general">Lieutenant general</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Major_general" title="Major general">Major general</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Senior_colonel" title="Senior colonel">Senior colonel</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonel</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_colonel" title="Lieutenant colonel">Lieutenant colonel</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Major_(rank)" title="Major (rank)">Major</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Captain_(army)" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain (army)">Captain</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/First_lieutenant" title="First lieutenant">First lieutenant</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Second_lieutenant" title="Second lieutenant">Second lieutenant</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Officer_cadet" title="Officer cadet">Officer cadet</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#D3D3D3;">Shoulder insignia </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0720-GEN.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/PLAGF-0720-GEN.png/50px-PLAGF-0720-GEN.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/PLAGF-0720-GEN.png/75px-PLAGF-0720-GEN.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/PLAGF-0720-GEN.png/100px-PLAGF-0720-GEN.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0719-LTG.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/PLAGF-0719-LTG.png/50px-PLAGF-0719-LTG.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/PLAGF-0719-LTG.png/75px-PLAGF-0719-LTG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/PLAGF-0719-LTG.png/100px-PLAGF-0719-LTG.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0718-MG.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/PLAGF-0718-MG.png/50px-PLAGF-0718-MG.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/PLAGF-0718-MG.png/75px-PLAGF-0718-MG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/PLAGF-0718-MG.png/100px-PLAGF-0718-MG.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0717-SNC.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/PLAGF-0717-SNC.png/50px-PLAGF-0717-SNC.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/PLAGF-0717-SNC.png/75px-PLAGF-0717-SNC.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/PLAGF-0717-SNC.png/100px-PLAGF-0717-SNC.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0716-COL.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/PLAGF-0716-COL.png/50px-PLAGF-0716-COL.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/PLAGF-0716-COL.png/75px-PLAGF-0716-COL.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/PLAGF-0716-COL.png/100px-PLAGF-0716-COL.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0715-LTC.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/PLAGF-0715-LTC.png/50px-PLAGF-0715-LTC.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/PLAGF-0715-LTC.png/75px-PLAGF-0715-LTC.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/PLAGF-0715-LTC.png/100px-PLAGF-0715-LTC.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0714-MAJ.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/PLAGF-0714-MAJ.png/50px-PLAGF-0714-MAJ.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/PLAGF-0714-MAJ.png/75px-PLAGF-0714-MAJ.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/PLAGF-0714-MAJ.png/100px-PLAGF-0714-MAJ.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0713-CPT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/PLAGF-0713-CPT.png/50px-PLAGF-0713-CPT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/PLAGF-0713-CPT.png/75px-PLAGF-0713-CPT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/PLAGF-0713-CPT.png/100px-PLAGF-0713-CPT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0712-1LT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/PLAGF-0712-1LT.png/50px-PLAGF-0712-1LT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/PLAGF-0712-1LT.png/75px-PLAGF-0712-1LT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/PLAGF-0712-1LT.png/100px-PLAGF-0712-1LT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0711-2LT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/PLAGF-0711-2LT.png/50px-PLAGF-0711-2LT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/PLAGF-0711-2LT.png/75px-PLAGF-0711-2LT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/PLAGF-0711-2LT.png/100px-PLAGF-0711-2LT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0710-CDT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/PLAGF-0710-CDT.png/50px-PLAGF-0710-CDT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/PLAGF-0710-CDT.png/75px-PLAGF-0710-CDT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/PLAGF-0710-CDT.png/100px-PLAGF-0710-CDT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#D3D3D3;">Collar insignia </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0720-GEN.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/PLAGF-Collar-0720-GEN.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0720-GEN.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/PLAGF-Collar-0720-GEN.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0720-GEN.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/PLAGF-Collar-0720-GEN.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0720-GEN.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0719-LTG.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/PLAGF-Collar-0719-LTG.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0719-LTG.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/PLAGF-Collar-0719-LTG.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0719-LTG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/PLAGF-Collar-0719-LTG.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0719-LTG.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0718-MG.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/PLAGF-Collar-0718-MG.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0718-MG.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/PLAGF-Collar-0718-MG.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0718-MG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/PLAGF-Collar-0718-MG.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0718-MG.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0717-SNC.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/PLAGF-Collar-0717-SNC.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0717-SNC.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/PLAGF-Collar-0717-SNC.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0717-SNC.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/PLAGF-Collar-0717-SNC.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0717-SNC.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0716-COL.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/PLAGF-Collar-0716-COL.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0716-COL.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/PLAGF-Collar-0716-COL.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0716-COL.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/PLAGF-Collar-0716-COL.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0716-COL.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0715-LTC.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/PLAGF-Collar-0715-LTC.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0715-LTC.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/PLAGF-Collar-0715-LTC.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0715-LTC.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/PLAGF-Collar-0715-LTC.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0715-LTC.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0714-MAJ.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/PLAGF-Collar-0714-MAJ.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0714-MAJ.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/PLAGF-Collar-0714-MAJ.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0714-MAJ.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/PLAGF-Collar-0714-MAJ.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0714-MAJ.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0713-CPT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/PLAGF-Collar-0713-CPT.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0713-CPT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/PLAGF-Collar-0713-CPT.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0713-CPT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/PLAGF-Collar-0713-CPT.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0713-CPT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0712-1LT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/PLAGF-Collar-0712-1LT.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0712-1LT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/PLAGF-Collar-0712-1LT.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0712-1LT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/PLAGF-Collar-0712-1LT.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0712-1LT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0711-2LT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/PLAGF-Collar-0711-2LT.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0711-2LT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/PLAGF-Collar-0711-2LT.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0711-2LT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/PLAGF-Collar-0711-2LT.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0711-2LT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0710-CDT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/PLAGF-Collar-0710-CDT.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0710-CDT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/PLAGF-Collar-0710-CDT.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0710-CDT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/PLAGF-Collar-0710-CDT.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0710-CDT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Enlisted_personnel">Enlisted personnel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Enlisted personnel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The current system of other ranks and insignia dates from 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sergeant and Corporal are referred to as <a href="/wiki/Non-commissioned_officer" title="Non-commissioned officer">non-commissioned officers</a>. New recruits have no military ranks before the <a href="/wiki/Recruit_training" class="mw-redirect" title="Recruit training">boot camp</a> is completed, and they will be awarded the rank of private after they have graduated from the induction training.<sup id="cite_ref-tiaoli_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tiaoli-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Article 16 of Chapter 3 of the "Regulations on the Service of Active Soldiers of the Chinese People's Liberation Army" (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">中国人民解放军现役士兵服役条例</span>), "The lowest enlisted rank is <a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-tiaoli_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tiaoli-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Conscripts can be promoted to privates first class in their second year. At the end of two years, conscripts may retire or become NCOs if they volunteer, though the position requires at least high school diploma, specialized skills, or undertaking training courses.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They can also attend a military academy to become officers after evaluations.<sup id="cite_ref-wor_recurit_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wor_recurit-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, the position of unit "master chief" or "sergeant major" is established to award experienced NCOs that can assist platoon, company, battalion, and higher commands in leadership and training responsibilities.<sup id="cite_ref-wor_recurit_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wor_recurit-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Soldiers may use <i>Comrade</i> to formally address another member of the military ("comrade" plus rank or position, as in "comrade Sergeant", "comrade squad leader", or simply "comrade(s)" when lacking information about the person's rank, or talking to several service people.)<sup id="cite_ref-call_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-call-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="overflow:auto"> <table style="background-color:#F8F8FF; text-align:center; border:1px solid #000"> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#D3D3D3;"> <th width="10%">Rank group </th> <th colspan="3"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">高级军士</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn">Gao ji jun shi</i></span> </th> <th colspan="2"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">中级军士</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn">Zhōng ji jun shi</i></span> </th> <th colspan="2"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">初级军士</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn">Chu ji jun shi</i></span> </th> <th colspan="2"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">义务兵</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn">Yi wu bing</i></span> </th></tr> <tr style="background-color:#D3D3D3;"> <th width="10%">Title </th> <th width="10%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">一级军士长</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn">Yi ji jun shi zhang</i></span> </th> <th width="10%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">二级军士长</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn">Er ji jun shi zhang</i></span> </th> <th width="10%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">三级军士长</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn">San ji jun shi zhang</i></span> </th> <th width="10%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">一级上士</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn">Yī jí jūnshì</i></span> </th> <th width="10%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">二级上士</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn">yi ji shang shi</i></span> </th> <th width="10%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">中士</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn">Zhōng shi</i></span> </th> <th width="10%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">下士</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn">Xia shi</i></span> </th> <th width="10%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">上等兵</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn">Shang deng bing</i></span> </th> <th width="10%"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">列兵</span></span><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><i lang="zh-Latn">Lie bing</i></span> </th></tr> <tr style="background-color:#D3D3D3;"> <th>Equivalent translation </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Master_sergeant" title="Master sergeant">Master sergeant</a> first class </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Master_sergeant" title="Master sergeant">Master sergeant</a> second class </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Master_sergeant" title="Master sergeant">Master sergeant</a> third class </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Staff_Sergeant" class="mw-redirect" title="Staff Sergeant">Staff Sergeant</a> First Class </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Staff_Sergeant" class="mw-redirect" title="Staff Sergeant">Staff Sergeant</a> Second Class </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sergeant" title="Sergeant">Sergeant</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Corporal" title="Corporal">Corporal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Private_first_class" title="Private first class">Private first class</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)" title="Private (rank)">Private</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#D3D3D3;">Shoulder insignia </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0709-1CSGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/PLAGF-0709-1CSGT.png/50px-PLAGF-0709-1CSGT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/PLAGF-0709-1CSGT.png/75px-PLAGF-0709-1CSGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/PLAGF-0709-1CSGT.png/100px-PLAGF-0709-1CSGT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0708-2CSGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/PLAGF-0708-2CSGT.png/50px-PLAGF-0708-2CSGT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/PLAGF-0708-2CSGT.png/75px-PLAGF-0708-2CSGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/PLAGF-0708-2CSGT.png/100px-PLAGF-0708-2CSGT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0707-3CSGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/PLAGF-0707-3CSGT.png/50px-PLAGF-0707-3CSGT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/PLAGF-0707-3CSGT.png/75px-PLAGF-0707-3CSGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/PLAGF-0707-3CSGT.png/100px-PLAGF-0707-3CSGT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0706-4CSGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/PLAGF-0706-4CSGT.png/50px-PLAGF-0706-4CSGT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/PLAGF-0706-4CSGT.png/75px-PLAGF-0706-4CSGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/PLAGF-0706-4CSGT.png/100px-PLAGF-0706-4CSGT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0705-SSG.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/PLAGF-0705-SSG.png/50px-PLAGF-0705-SSG.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/PLAGF-0705-SSG.png/75px-PLAGF-0705-SSG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/PLAGF-0705-SSG.png/100px-PLAGF-0705-SSG.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0704-SGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/PLAGF-0704-SGT.png/50px-PLAGF-0704-SGT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/PLAGF-0704-SGT.png/75px-PLAGF-0704-SGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/PLAGF-0704-SGT.png/100px-PLAGF-0704-SGT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0703-CPL.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/PLAGF-0703-CPL.png/50px-PLAGF-0703-CPL.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/PLAGF-0703-CPL.png/75px-PLAGF-0703-CPL.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/PLAGF-0703-CPL.png/100px-PLAGF-0703-CPL.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0702-PFC.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/PLAGF-0702-PFC.png/50px-PLAGF-0702-PFC.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/PLAGF-0702-PFC.png/75px-PLAGF-0702-PFC.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/PLAGF-0702-PFC.png/100px-PLAGF-0702-PFC.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-0701-PVT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/PLAGF-0701-PVT.png/50px-PLAGF-0701-PVT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/PLAGF-0701-PVT.png/75px-PLAGF-0701-PVT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/PLAGF-0701-PVT.png/100px-PLAGF-0701-PVT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="501" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#D3D3D3;">Collar insignia </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0709-1CSGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/PLAGF-Collar-0709-1CSGT.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0709-1CSGT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/PLAGF-Collar-0709-1CSGT.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0709-1CSGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/PLAGF-Collar-0709-1CSGT.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0709-1CSGT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0708-2CSGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/PLAGF-Collar-0708-2CSGT.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0708-2CSGT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/PLAGF-Collar-0708-2CSGT.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0708-2CSGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/PLAGF-Collar-0708-2CSGT.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0708-2CSGT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0707-3CSGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/PLAGF-Collar-0707-3CSGT.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0707-3CSGT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/PLAGF-Collar-0707-3CSGT.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0707-3CSGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/PLAGF-Collar-0707-3CSGT.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0707-3CSGT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0706-4CSGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/PLAGF-Collar-0706-4CSGT.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0706-4CSGT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/PLAGF-Collar-0706-4CSGT.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0706-4CSGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/PLAGF-Collar-0706-4CSGT.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0706-4CSGT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0705-SSG.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/PLAGF-Collar-0705-SSG.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0705-SSG.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/PLAGF-Collar-0705-SSG.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0705-SSG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/PLAGF-Collar-0705-SSG.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0705-SSG.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0704-SGT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/PLAGF-Collar-0704-SGT.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0704-SGT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/PLAGF-Collar-0704-SGT.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0704-SGT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/PLAGF-Collar-0704-SGT.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0704-SGT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0703-CPL.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/PLAGF-Collar-0703-CPL.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0703-CPL.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/PLAGF-Collar-0703-CPL.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0703-CPL.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/PLAGF-Collar-0703-CPL.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0703-CPL.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0702-PFC.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/PLAGF-Collar-0702-PFC.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0702-PFC.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/PLAGF-Collar-0702-PFC.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0702-PFC.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/PLAGF-Collar-0702-PFC.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0702-PFC.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAGF-Collar-0701-PVT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/PLAGF-Collar-0701-PVT.png/50px-PLAGF-Collar-0701-PVT.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/PLAGF-Collar-0701-PVT.png/75px-PLAGF-Collar-0701-PVT.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/PLAGF-Collar-0701-PVT.png/100px-PLAGF-Collar-0701-PVT.png 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Equipment">Equipment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Equipment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="List of equipment of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force">List of equipment of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_active_People%27s_Liberation_Army_aircraft#People's_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="List of active People's Liberation Army aircraft">List of active People's Liberation Army aircraft § People's Liberation Army Ground Force</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Heavy_equipment">Heavy equipment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Heavy equipment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ZTZ-99A_tank_front_20170902.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/ZTZ-99A_tank_front_20170902.jpg/220px-ZTZ-99A_tank_front_20170902.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/ZTZ-99A_tank_front_20170902.jpg/330px-ZTZ-99A_tank_front_20170902.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/ZTZ-99A_tank_front_20170902.jpg/440px-ZTZ-99A_tank_front_20170902.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="1800" /></a><figcaption>Type 99A main battle tank</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:China_10th_Anniversary_Parade_in_Beijing_05.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/China_10th_Anniversary_Parade_in_Beijing_05.jpg/220px-China_10th_Anniversary_Parade_in_Beijing_05.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/China_10th_Anniversary_Parade_in_Beijing_05.jpg/330px-China_10th_Anniversary_Parade_in_Beijing_05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/China_10th_Anniversary_Parade_in_Beijing_05.jpg/440px-China_10th_Anniversary_Parade_in_Beijing_05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="580" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/IS-2" title="IS-2">IS-2</a> tanks on display at the 10th anniversary of the founding of the PRC in 1959</figcaption></figure> <p>The PLA Ground Force is heavily mechanized with armored platforms, advanced electronic warfare capability, concentrated firepower, and modern weapon systems that are competitive against <a href="/wiki/Western_Bloc" title="Western Bloc">Western</a> counterparts.<sup id="cite_ref-rd2_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rd2-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-fas_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fas-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The PLA ground force is divided into highly mechanized heavy, medium, and light combined arms units. Heavy combined arms brigades are armored with main battle tanks and tracked infantry fighting vehicles, medium combined arms brigades are armed with tracked or wheeled infantry fighting vehicles, and light combined arms brigades are mobilized with <a href="/wiki/Armored_personnel_carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Armored personnel carrier">armored personnel carriers</a>, <a href="/wiki/MRAP" title="MRAP">MRAP</a> trucks, or <a href="/wiki/Armored_car_(military)" title="Armored car (military)">armored cars</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rd_div_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rd_div-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At <a href="/wiki/Group_army_(military_unit)" title="Group army (military unit)">combined corps</a> level, the PLAGF employs combined arms <a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">brigades</a>, heavy artillery systems, medium-range air defense systems, special forces, army aviation units, and various engineering, and electronic warfare support systems. Weapon systems at this level include <a href="/wiki/PLZ-05" title="PLZ-05">PLZ-05 howitzer</a>, <a href="/wiki/PCL-181" title="PCL-181">PCL-181 howitzer</a>, <a href="/wiki/PHL-03" title="PHL-03">PHL-03</a>/<a href="/wiki/PHL-16" title="PHL-16">16</a> multiple rocket launcher, and <a href="/wiki/HQ-16" title="HQ-16">HQ-16 air defense system</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Air assets within the aviation brigade include <a href="/wiki/CAIC_Z-10" class="mw-redirect" title="CAIC Z-10">Z-10 attack helicopter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harbin_Z-19" title="Harbin Z-19">Z-19 recon helicopter</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Harbin_Z-20" title="Harbin Z-20">Z-20 utility helicopter</a>, etc. <a href="/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Unmanned aerial system">Unmanned aerial systems</a> are employed extensively in PLA formations of all types.<sup id="cite_ref-fas_25-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fas-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At combined arms brigade level, brigade HQ can deploy various combined arms <a href="/wiki/Battalion" title="Battalion">battalions</a> composited with tanks, assault guns, and infantry fight vehicles (IFV) such as the <a href="/wiki/Type_99_tank" title="Type 99 tank">ZTZ-99A tank</a>, the <a href="/wiki/ZBD-04" title="ZBD-04">ZBD-04A</a> IFV, the <a href="/wiki/Type_08" title="Type 08">ZBL-08</a> IFV, the <a href="/wiki/Type_08" title="Type 08">ZTL-11</a> assault gun, and the <a href="/wiki/Dongfeng_Mengshi" title="Dongfeng Mengshi">CSK-181</a> <a href="/wiki/MRAP" title="MRAP">MRAP</a> fast-attack vehicle. Fire support, reconnaissance, and air defense battalion are equipped with <a href="/wiki/PLZ-07" title="PLZ-07">PLZ-07</a>, <a href="/wiki/Type_08#Variants" title="Type 08">PLL-09</a>, <a href="/wiki/PCL-161" title="PCL-161">PCL-161</a>/<a href="/wiki/PCL-171" title="PCL-171">171</a> self-propelled artilleries, <a href="/wiki/Type_81_(rocket_launcher)#Variants" class="mw-redirect" title="Type 81 (rocket launcher)">PHL-11</a>, <a href="/wiki/Type_81_(rocket_launcher)#Variants" class="mw-redirect" title="Type 81 (rocket launcher)">PHZ-11</a> multiple rocket launchers, <a href="/wiki/HJ-9" title="HJ-9">AFT-9</a>/<a href="/wiki/HJ-10#AFT-10" title="HJ-10">10</a> missile carriers, <a href="/wiki/Type_09_SPAAA" class="mw-redirect" title="Type 09 SPAAA">PGZ-09</a>/<a href="/wiki/Type_95_SPAAA" title="Type 95 SPAAA">95</a>, <a href="/wiki/Type_08#Variants" title="Type 08">PGL-12/625</a>, <a href="/wiki/HQ-17" title="HQ-17">HQ-17/A</a> <a href="/wiki/Air_defense" class="mw-redirect" title="Air defense">air defense</a> systems, and such as large amount of unmanned aerial vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-fas_25-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fas-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rd2_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rd2-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At battalion level, battalion HQ can direct tank company, assault gun company, mechanized infantry company, and firepower company (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">火力连</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Huǒlìlián</span></i>) to provide rapid close-combat maneuver, with support assets including the <a href="/wiki/Dongfeng_EQ2050#Variants" title="Dongfeng EQ2050">PCP-001</a> rapid-firing mortar, <a href="/wiki/PLL-05" title="PLL-05">PLL-05</a>/<a href="/wiki/Type_89_AFV#Type_89A" title="Type 89 AFV">PLZ-10</a> self-propelled gun-mortars, <a href="/wiki/Beijing_BJ212#Military_variants" title="Beijing BJ212">AFT-8</a> missile carrier, <a href="/wiki/Man-portable_air-defense_system" title="Man-portable air-defense system">MANPADS</a>, and crew-served weapon systems such as <a href="/wiki/Type_77_heavy_machine_gun#Type_85_heavy_machine_gun" title="Type 77 heavy machine gun">QJG-85</a> heavy machine gun, <a href="/wiki/Type_87_mortar" title="Type 87 mortar">PP-87</a> or newer <a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force#Mortars_and_recoilless_rifles" title="List of equipment of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force">PBP-172</a> mortar, <a href="/wiki/QLZ-04" title="QLZ-04">QLZ-04</a> automatic grenade launcher, and <a href="/wiki/HJ-8" title="HJ-8">HJ-8E</a> wire-guided missile.<sup id="cite_ref-rd_inter_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rd_inter-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-battalion_com_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-battalion_com-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETRADOC202115-23_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETRADOC202115-23-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under each mechanized infantry <a href="/wiki/Company_(military_unit)" title="Company (military unit)">company</a> are standard infantry <a href="/wiki/Platoon" title="Platoon">platoons</a> and a firepower platoon (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">火力排</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Huǒlìpái</span></i>), which is equipped with lightweight <a href="/wiki/Mortar_(weapon)" title="Mortar (weapon)">mortar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anti-material_rifle" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-material rifle">anti-material rifle</a>, <a href="/wiki/35_mm_grenade" title="35 mm grenade">35 mm</a> automatic <a href="/wiki/Grenade_launcher" title="Grenade launcher">grenade launcher</a>, various <a href="/wiki/Rocket_launcher" title="Rocket launcher">rocket launcher</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Heavy_machine_gun" title="Heavy machine gun">heavy machine gun</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-company_com_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-company_com-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SADJ29april14_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SADJ29april14-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At platoon level, a <a href="/wiki/Mechanized_infantry" title="Mechanized infantry">mechanized infantry</a> squad consists of nine infantrymen, in which seven members are dismounted during combat. Infantry squads vary in composition based on the type of combined arms battalions. Medium and light infantry squads equip reusable rocket launchers to improve anti-armor and anti-fortification capability, whereas heavy infantry squads have no squad-level rockets, instead relying upon fire support from the firepower platoon, or their own <a href="/wiki/ZBD-04" title="ZBD-04">ZBD-04A</a> infantry fighting vehicle.<sup id="cite_ref-fas_25-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fas-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rd2_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rd2-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETRADOC202115-23_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETRADOC202115-23-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Weapons">Weapons</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Weapons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Individual_and_crew-served_weapons">Individual and crew-served weapons</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Individual and crew-served weapons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The standard-issue rifle of PLA infantrymen is <a href="/wiki/QBZ-95" title="QBZ-95">QBZ-95</a>/<a href="/wiki/QBZ-191" title="QBZ-191">191</a> chambered in proprietary <a href="/wiki/5.8%C3%9742mm" title="5.8×42mm">5.8×42mm</a>, and the sidearm is <a href="/wiki/QSZ-92" title="QSZ-92">QSZ-92</a> chambered in <a href="/wiki/5.8%C3%9721mm_DAP92" class="mw-redirect" title="5.8×21mm DAP92">5.8×21mm DAP92</a>. Vehicle crews are equipped with <a href="/wiki/QBZ-95" title="QBZ-95">QBZ-95B</a> short-barreled carbine. The <a href="/wiki/QCW-05" title="QCW-05">QCW-05</a> is a 5.8 mm <a href="/wiki/Submachine_gun" title="Submachine gun">submachine gun</a> used by special forces and non-combat personnel. <a href="/wiki/Designated_marksman" title="Designated marksman">Sharpshooting</a> is provided by the <a href="/wiki/QBU-88" title="QBU-88">QBU-88</a>/<a href="/wiki/QBZ-191" title="QBZ-191">191</a> <a href="/wiki/Designated_marksman_rifle" title="Designated marksman rifle">marksman rifle</a> and <a href="/wiki/CS/LR3" title="CS/LR3">QBU-141</a>/<a href="/wiki/CS/LR4#Variants" title="CS/LR4">202</a> <a href="/wiki/Sniper_rifle" title="Sniper rifle">sniper rifle</a>. Indirect fire is provided by the <a href="/wiki/QLG-10" title="QLG-10">QLG-10</a> grenade launcher. <a href="/wiki/QBS-09" title="QBS-09">QBS-09</a> combat <a href="/wiki/Shotgun" title="Shotgun">shotgun</a> is issued for <a href="/wiki/Door_breaching" title="Door breaching">door breaching</a> and close-quarters battle. The <a href="/wiki/QBB-95" class="mw-redirect" title="QBB-95">QJB-95</a> serves as the squad automatic weapon with its 75-round drum magazine.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETRADOC202115-23_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETRADOC202115-23-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/PF-89" title="PF-89">PF-89</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=PF-97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PF-97 (page does not exist)">PF-97</a>, and <a href="/wiki/DZJ-08" title="DZJ-08">DZJ-08</a> disposable rocket launchers could be distributed on an <a href="/wiki/Ad_hoc" title="Ad hoc">ad hoc</a> basis to infantry squads for direct-fire applications. Specialized fire support weapons, often equipped with dedicated rocketeers, or members of the firepower platoons, include the <a href="/wiki/HJ-12" title="HJ-12">HJ-12</a> anti-tank guided missile,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/PF-98" title="PF-98">PF-98</a> rocket launcher, the <a href="/wiki/Type_87_grenade_launcher" class="mw-redirect" title="Type 87 grenade launcher">QLZ-87</a> and <a href="/wiki/QLZ-04" title="QLZ-04">QLZ-04</a> 35 mm automatic grenade launcher, the <a href="/wiki/QBU-10" title="QBU-10">QBU-10</a> anti-material rifle, <a href="/wiki/Norinco_LG5_/_QLU-11" title="Norinco LG5 / QLU-11">QLU-11</a> sniper grenade launcher, <a href="/wiki/QJG-02" title="QJG-02">QJG-02</a> anti-air machine gun, <a href="/wiki/QJZ-89" title="QJZ-89">QJZ-89</a> heavy machine gun, and the PP-89/93 60 mm mortar.<sup id="cite_ref-fas_25-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fas-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SADJ29april14_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SADJ29april14-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETRADOC202115-23_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETRADOC202115-23-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Infantry_equipment_and_uniforms">Infantry equipment and uniforms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Infantry equipment and uniforms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PLA-TACSHOOTER2021.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/PLA-TACSHOOTER2021.png/220px-PLA-TACSHOOTER2021.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/PLA-TACSHOOTER2021.png/330px-PLA-TACSHOOTER2021.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/PLA-TACSHOOTER2021.png/440px-PLA-TACSHOOTER2021.png 2x" data-file-width="1840" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/PLAGF" class="mw-redirect" title="PLAGF">PLAGF</a> soldier armed with a <a href="/wiki/QBZ-191" title="QBZ-191">QBZ-191</a> assault rifle and <a href="/wiki/QSZ-92" title="QSZ-92">QSZ-92A</a> pistol with Type-19 uniform in the 2021 <a href="/wiki/International_Army_Games" title="International Army Games">International Army Games</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In 2014, the cost to equip a single Chinese soldier is about 9,400 <a href="/wiki/Renminbi" title="Renminbi">yuan</a> (US$1,523). The standard kit includes <a href="/wiki/Type_07" title="Type 07">Type 07</a> camouflage uniforms, helmet, tactical vest, gas mask, backpack, first-aid kit, infantry weapons, woven belt, rain cap, camouflaged uniform, kettle, and combat boots. However, regular infantrymen rarely use the issued body armor stored in the armory.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prior to 2015, only deployed special operation detachments were equipped with body armor.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The infantry equipment such as heavy body armor, personal radio, and knee pads has been seen in the standard kit in 2015 when PLA are deployed into high-risk areas, as observed for units participating in <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_peacekeeping" title="United Nations peacekeeping">UN Peacekeeping</a> and counter-piracy operations.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The PLA has started to procure body armors for soldiers on large scale since March 2020, with 1.4 million body armor on order, which includes 930,000 units of plates for universal bulletproof vests and 467,000 units of plates for an enhanced bulletproof vest.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Type 19 uniform with new <a href="/wiki/Xingkong_(camouflage)" title="Xingkong (camouflage)">xingkong</a> digital camouflage patterns, tactical vest, backpack, protective gear, and eyewear started to replace Type 07 uniform series since 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Along with the uniform, a new communication system, personal computer, tactical interface, and assault rifle family <a href="/wiki/QBZ-191" title="QBZ-191">QBZ-191</a>, new variants of the <a href="/wiki/QSZ-92" title="QSZ-92">QSZ-92</a> pistol family, along with whole new sets of weapon systems are also being adopted by the PLAGF since 2019. These new upgrades are components of the new <i>Integrated Soldier Combat System</i>, a program aiming to overhaul the PLA's infantry equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-OEWATCH_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OEWATCH-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETRADOC202115-23_33-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETRADOC202115-23-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transformation">Transformation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Transformation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1987 the PLAGF, which relied upon obsolescent but serviceable equipment, were most anxious to improve defenses against armored vehicles and aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-CStudyPLA_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CStudyPLA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most equipments was produced from <a href="/wiki/Military_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of the Soviet Union">Soviet</a> designs of the 1950s, but weapons were being incrementally upgraded, some with Western technology. One example of upgraded, Soviet-design equipment was the <a href="/wiki/Type_69_tank" title="Type 69 tank">Type 69</a> MBT, an improved version of the <a href="/wiki/Type_59_tank" title="Type 59 tank">Type 59</a> MBT, itself based on the Soviet <a href="/wiki/T-54" class="mw-redirect" title="T-54">T-54</a>. The Type 69 had improved armor, a <a href="/wiki/Gun_stabilizer" title="Gun stabilizer">gun stabilizer</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Fire_control_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Fire control system">fire control system</a> including a <a href="/wiki/Laser_rangefinder" title="Laser rangefinder">laser rangefinder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Infrared" title="Infrared">infrared</a> <a href="/wiki/Searchlight" title="Searchlight">searchlights</a>, and a 105 mm <a href="/wiki/Smooth-bore" class="mw-redirect" title="Smooth-bore">smooth-bore</a> gun. </p><p>In 1987 the existence of a new, <a href="/wiki/Type_88_tank_(China)#Type_80" class="mw-redirect" title="Type 88 tank (China)">Type 80</a> MBT was revealed in the Western press. The tank had a new chassis, a 105 mm gun, and a fire control system. The PLA was believed to have <a href="/wiki/Atomic_demolition_munition" title="Atomic demolition munition">atomic demolition munitions</a>, and there were unconfirmed reports that it also had <a href="/wiki/Tactical_nuclear_weapon" title="Tactical nuclear weapon">tactical nuclear weapons</a>. In any case, nuclear bombs and missiles in the Chinese inventory could be used in a <a href="/wiki/Theater_(warfare)" title="Theater (warfare)">theater</a> role. </p><p>The PLA had a scarcity of <a href="/wiki/Antitank_guided_missile" class="mw-redirect" title="Antitank guided missile">antitank guided missiles</a>, tactical <a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">surface-to-air missiles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Electronics" title="Electronics">electronics</a> to improve communications, fire control, and sensors. China began production of the Soviet <a href="/wiki/AT-3_Sagger" class="mw-redirect" title="AT-3 Sagger">Sagger</a> antitank missile in 1979 but lacked a more powerful, longer range, semiautomatic antitank guided missile. The PLA required a mobile surface-to-air missile and an infantry shoulder-fired missile for use against helicopters and certain other aircraft.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The PLAGF continue to undergo significant modernization and re-structuring to deal with potential threats and enhance their capabilities.<sup id="cite_ref-rd_div_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rd_div-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Front line troops such as special forces, marines and <a href="/wiki/Paratrooper" title="Paratrooper">paratroopers</a> are given priority in receiving modern weapon systems and equipment. Other areas of improvement are its battlefield C4ISR capabilities, with the introduction of satellite communications, wireless networks, and digital radios, army commanders are now able to maintain constant communications with their front-line units while on the move. The bulk of the ground forces have been regularly asked to operate under severe electronic countermeasures conditions in exercises. Also a <a href="/wiki/Network-centric_warfare" title="Network-centric warfare">network-centric warfare</a> capability connecting different combat, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance elements to form an integrated network is being developed.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (April 2020)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Equipment_summary">Equipment summary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Equipment summary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The PLAGF inventory maintains an array of military vehicles. All figures below are provided by the <a href="/wiki/International_Institute_for_Strategic_Studies" title="International Institute for Strategic Studies">International Institute for Strategic Studies</a>. Auxiliary vehicles such as engineering vehicles, logistics vehicles, reconnaissance vehicles, as well as antiquated and reserved equipment are not included.<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Type </th> <th>Active </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Main_battle_tank" title="Main battle tank">Main battle tanks</a></td> <td>4,700<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Light_tank" title="Light tank">Light tanks</a></td> <td>1,250<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Assault_gun" title="Assault gun">Assault guns</a></td> <td>1,200<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Infantry_fighting_vehicle" title="Infantry fighting vehicle">Infantry fighting vehicles</a></td> <td>8,050<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Armored_personnel_carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Armored personnel carrier">Armored personnel carriers</a></td> <td>3,600<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Type_05_amphibious_fighting_vehicle" title="Type 05 amphibious fighting vehicle">Amphibious armored vehicles</a></td> <td>750<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_missile_carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-tank missile carrier">Anti-tank missile carriers</a></td> <td>1,125<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tank_destroyer" title="Tank destroyer">Tank destroyers</a></td> <td>480<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Towed <a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_gun" title="Anti-tank gun">anti-tank guns</a></td> <td>1,308<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Self-propelled_artillery" title="Self-propelled artillery">Self-propelled artillery</a></td> <td>3,240<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Towed <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">artillery</a></td> <td>900<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Self-propelled <a href="/wiki/Gun-mortar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gun-mortar">gun-mortars</a></td> <td>1,250<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Multiple_rocket_launcher" title="Multiple rocket launcher">Multiple rocket launchers</a></td> <td>1,330+<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">Surface-to-air missile</a> systems</td> <td>754+<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Self-propelled_anti-aircraft_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun">Self-propelled anti-aircraft guns</a></td> <td>396<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Towed <a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-aircraft gun">anti-aircraft guns</a></td> <td>7,000+<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Attack_helicopter" title="Attack helicopter">Attack helicopters</a></td> <td>320+<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Utility_helicopters" class="mw-redirect" title="Utility helicopters">Multi-role helicopters</a></td> <td>208<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Military_transport_aircraft" title="Military transport aircraft">Transport helicopters</a></td> <td>512<sup id="cite_ref-IISS2024_1-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinese_ZTL-11.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="ZLT-11 assault vehicle"><img alt="vehicle with painted camouflage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Chinese_ZTL-11.jpg/200px-Chinese_ZTL-11.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Chinese_ZTL-11.jpg/300px-Chinese_ZTL-11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Chinese_ZTL-11.jpg/400px-Chinese_ZTL-11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Type_08" title="Type 08">ZLT-11</a> <a href="/wiki/Assault_gun" title="Assault gun">assault vehicle</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PLZ-05_Self-Propelled_Artillery_20170919.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="PLZ-05 self-propelled howitzer"><img alt="Vehicle with Self-Propelled Artillery" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/PLZ-05_Self-Propelled_Artillery_20170919.jpg/200px-PLZ-05_Self-Propelled_Artillery_20170919.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/PLZ-05_Self-Propelled_Artillery_20170919.jpg/300px-PLZ-05_Self-Propelled_Artillery_20170919.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/PLZ-05_Self-Propelled_Artillery_20170919.jpg/400px-PLZ-05_Self-Propelled_Artillery_20170919.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="1800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/PLZ-05" title="PLZ-05">PLZ-05</a> <a href="/wiki/Self-propelled_artillery" title="Self-propelled artillery">self-propelled howitzer</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PHL-03_Multiple_rocket_launchers_20170902.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="PHL-03 multiple rocket launcher"><img alt="Multiple rocket launchers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/PHL-03_Multiple_rocket_launchers_20170902.jpg/200px-PHL-03_Multiple_rocket_launchers_20170902.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/PHL-03_Multiple_rocket_launchers_20170902.jpg/300px-PHL-03_Multiple_rocket_launchers_20170902.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/PHL-03_Multiple_rocket_launchers_20170902.jpg/400px-PHL-03_Multiple_rocket_launchers_20170902.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/PHL-03" title="PHL-03">PHL-03</a> <a href="/wiki/Multiple_rocket_launcher" title="Multiple rocket launcher">multiple rocket launcher</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ZBD-04A_IFV_20170716.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="ZBD-04A infantry fighting vehicle"><img alt="ZBD-04A infantry fighting vehicle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/ZBD-04A_IFV_20170716.jpg/200px-ZBD-04A_IFV_20170716.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/ZBD-04A_IFV_20170716.jpg/300px-ZBD-04A_IFV_20170716.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/ZBD-04A_IFV_20170716.jpg/400px-ZBD-04A_IFV_20170716.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/ZBD-04A" class="mw-redirect" title="ZBD-04A">ZBD-04A</a> <a href="/wiki/Infantry_fighting_vehicle" title="Infantry fighting vehicle">infantry fighting vehicle</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xibu_z10.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="CAIC Z-10 attack helicopter"><img alt="Two attack helicopters in the air" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Xibu_z10.jpg/200px-Xibu_z10.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Xibu_z10.jpg/300px-Xibu_z10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Xibu_z10.jpg/400px-Xibu_z10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/CAIC_Z-10" class="mw-redirect" title="CAIC Z-10">CAIC Z-10</a> <a href="/wiki/Attack_helicopter" title="Attack helicopter">attack helicopter</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0_%22%D0%AD%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%BE%22_%D1%81_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%9C%D0%B8-8_%D1%81_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BC_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0_(18).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Infantrymen with QBZ-95"><img alt="Two soldier holding assault rifles" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0_%22%D0%AD%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%BE%22_%D1%81_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%9C%D0%B8-8_%D1%81_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BC_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0_%2818%29.jpg/200px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0_%22%D0%AD%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%BE%22_%D1%81_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%9C%D0%B8-8_%D1%81_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BC_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0_%2818%29.jpg/300px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0_%22%D0%AD%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%BE%22_%D1%81_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%9C%D0%B8-8_%D1%81_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BC_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B0_%2818%29.jpg/400px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Infantrymen with <a href="/wiki/QBZ-95" title="QBZ-95">QBZ-95</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relationship_with_other_organizations">Relationship with other organizations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Relationship with other organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Armed_Police" title="People's Armed Police">People's Armed Police</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paramilitary_forces_of_China" title="Paramilitary forces of China">Paramilitary forces of China</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:People%27s_Armed_Police_squad_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/People%27s_Armed_Police_squad_2.JPG/250px-People%27s_Armed_Police_squad_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/People%27s_Armed_Police_squad_2.JPG/375px-People%27s_Armed_Police_squad_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/People%27s_Armed_Police_squad_2.JPG/500px-People%27s_Armed_Police_squad_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Troops of the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Armed_Police" title="People's Armed Police">People's Armed Police</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The People's Liberation Army Ground Force maintains close relationships with several <a href="/wiki/Paramilitary" title="Paramilitary">paramilitary</a> organizations within China, primarily the People's Armed Police (PAP) and the <a href="/wiki/Militia_(China)" title="Militia (China)">Militia</a> (also known as the China Militia). Both of these paramilitary organisations act as a reserve force for the PLAGF during a time of national emergency such as war or natural disaster. The PAP consists of approximately 1.5 million personnel. Their primary mission during peacetime is internal security and counter-terrorism.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wines_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wines-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Militia is a mass force engaged in daily production under the leadership of the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a> (CCP), and forms part of the Chinese armed forces. Under the command of the military organs, it undertakes such jobs as war preparation services, security and defense operation tasks and assistance in maintaining <a href="/wiki/Social_order" title="Social order">social order</a> and public security. The Militia numbers some 3 million service men and women.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-China_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-China-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_military_history_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Outline of the military history of the People's Republic of China">Outline of the military history of the People's Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force">Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Armed_Police" title="People's Armed Police">People's Armed Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militia_(China)" title="Militia (China)">Militia (China)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(Taiwan)_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China (Taiwan) Army">Republic of China (Taiwan) Army</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-lower-alpha" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">中国人民解放军陆军</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Zhōngguó Rénmín Jiěfàngjūn Lùjūn</span></i></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-IISS2024-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IISS2024_1-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/International_Institute_for_Strategic_Studies" title="International Institute for Strategic Studies">International Institute for Strategic Studies</a>: The Military Balance 2024, p.255-256</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMartinaBlanchard2017" class="citation web cs1">Martina, Michael; 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US: TRADOC.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Operational+Environment+Watch&rft.atitle=China+Introduces+New+Battle+Rifle+for+the+PLA&rft.date=2019-11&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcommunity.apan.org%2Fwg%2Ftradoc-g2%2Ffmso%2Fm%2Foe-watch-past-issues%2F302274%2Fdownload&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Liberation+Army+Ground+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081017082508/http://www.sinodefence.com/army/default.asp">"World's Largest Army, Largest Army in the World"</a>. World's Largest Army, Largest Army in the World. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-04-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=China%27s+Armed+Forces%2C+CSIS+%28Page+24%29&rft.date=2006-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.csis.org%2Fmedia%2Fcsis%2Fpubs%2F060626_asia_balance_powers.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Liberation+Army+Ground+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_Army2021" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">United States Army (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://armypubs.army.mil/epubs/DR_pubs/DR_a/ARN33195-ATP_7-100.3-000-WEB-1.pdf"><i>Chinese Tactics</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Army Techniques Publication. Vol. 7-100.3. Washington, D.C. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/979-8457607118" title="Special:BookSources/979-8457607118"><bdi>979-8457607118</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221020154732/https://armypubs.army.mil/epubs/DR_pubs/DR_a/ARN33195-ATP_7-100.3-000-WEB-1.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 20 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chinese+Tactics&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.series=Army+Techniques+Publication&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=979-8457607118&rft.au=United+States+Army&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farmypubs.army.mil%2Fepubs%2FDR_pubs%2FDR_a%2FARN33195-ATP_7-100.3-000-WEB-1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Liberation+Army+Ground+Force" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="IISS2024" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/International_Institute_for_Strategic_Studies" title="International Institute for Strategic Studies">International Institute for Strategic Studies</a> (February 2024). <i>The Military Balance 2024</i>. <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781032780047" title="Special:BookSources/9781032780047"><bdi>9781032780047</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Military+Balance+2024&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2024-02&rft.isbn=9781032780047&rft.au=International+Institute+for+Strategic+Studies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Liberation+Army+Ground+Force" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaunders_et_al.2019" class="citation book cs1">Saunders, Phillip C.; Ding, Arthur S.; Scobell, Andrew; Yang, Andrew N.D.; Joel, Wuthnow, eds. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Publications/Books/Chairman-Xi-Remakes-the-PLA/"><i>Chairman Xi Remakes the PLA: Assessing Chinese Military Reforms</i></a>. Washington, D.C.: National Defense University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1070233420" title="Special:BookSources/978-1070233420"><bdi>978-1070233420</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chairman+Xi+Remakes+the+PLA%3A+Assessing+Chinese+Military+Reforms&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=National+Defense+University+Press&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1070233420&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fndupress.ndu.edu%2FPublications%2FBooks%2FChairman-Xi-Remakes-the-PLA%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Liberation+Army+Ground+Force" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTRADOC2021" class="citation report cs1">TRADOC (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://community.apan.org/wg/tradoc-g2/operational-environment-and-threat-analysis-directorate/m/documents/377746">People's Liberation Army "Ground Force" Quick Reference Guide</a> (Report). Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: United States Army Training and Doctrine Command.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=People%27s+Liberation+Army+%22Ground+Force%22+Quick+Reference+Guide&rft.place=Fort+Leavenworth%2C+Kansas&rft.pub=United+States+Army+Training+and+Doctrine+Command&rft.date=2021&rft.au=TRADOC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcommunity.apan.org%2Fwg%2Ftradoc-g2%2Foperational-environment-and-threat-analysis-directorate%2Fm%2Fdocuments%2F377746&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Liberation+Army+Ground+Force" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTRADOC2019" class="citation report cs1">TRADOC (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://community.apan.org/wg/tradoc-g2/operational-environment-and-threat-analysis-directorate/m/documents/295598">OEE Red Diamond Jul-Sep 2019</a> (Report). 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Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: United States Army Training and Doctrine Command.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=China%3A+PLAA+Combined-Arms+Brigade%27s+Logistics+Operations&rft.place=Fort+Leavenworth%2C+Kansas&rft.pub=United+States+Army+Training+and+Doctrine+Command&rft.date=2022&rft.au=TRADOC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foe.tradoc.army.mil%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2022%2F01%2FPLAA-Combined-Arms-Brigade-Logistics-Operations.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APeople%27s+Liberation+Army+Ground+Force" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050206003403/http://sinodefence.com/army/orbat/default.asp">Sinodefence.com – Chinese military information website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globaldefenceforum.com">Global Defence Forum</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public 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id="23px_Structure_of_the_People&#039;s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/46px-Ground_Force_Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> Structure of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">People's Liberation Army Ground Force</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">PLAGF Headquarters</a><br />directly subordinate units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_Military_District" title="Xinjiang Military District">Xinjiang Military District</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4th_Motorized_Infantry_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="4th Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)">4th Combined Arms Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Mechanized_Infantry_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="6th Mechanized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)">6th Combined Arms Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_Motorized_Infantry_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="8th Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)">8th Combined Arms Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_Motorized_Infantry_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="11th Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)">11th Combined Arms Division</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=84th_Artillery_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="84th Artillery Brigade (page does not exist)">84th Artillery Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=84th_Air_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="84th Air Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">84th Air Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=84th_Special_Operations_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="84th Special Operations Brigade (page does not exist)">84th Special Operations Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=84th_Army_Aviation_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="84th Army Aviation Brigade (page does not exist)">84th Army Aviation Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Tibet_Military_District" title="Tibet Military District">Tibet Military District</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/52nd_Mountain_Motorized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="52nd Mountain Motorized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">52nd Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53rd_Mountain_Motorized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="53rd Mountain Motorized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">53rd Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=54th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="54th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">54th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=85th_Artillery_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="85th Artillery Brigade (page does not exist)">85th Artillery Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=85th_Special_Operations_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="85th Special Operations Brigade (page does not exist)">85th Special Operations Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=85th_Army_Aviation_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="85th Army Aviation Brigade (page does not exist)">85th Army Aviation Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=85th_Artillery_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="85th Artillery Brigade (page does not exist)">85th Artillery Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=85th_Air-Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="85th Air-Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">85th Air-Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=85th_Engineering_and_Chemical_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="85th Engineering and Chemical Brigade (page does not exist)">85th Engineering and Chemical Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=7th_Electronic_Countermeasures_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="7th Electronic Countermeasures Brigade (page does not exist)">7th Electronic Countermeasures Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Motorized_Transport_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5th Motorized Transport Brigade (page does not exist)">5th Motorized Transport Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Garrison" class="mw-redirect" title="Beijing Garrison">Beijing Garrison</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_Guards_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1st Guards Division (People's Republic of China) (page does not exist)">1st Guards Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Guard_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="3rd Guard Division (People's Republic of China)">3rd Guards Division</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Theater_Command" title="Eastern Theater Command">Eastern Theater Command</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Theater_Command_Ground_Force" title="Eastern Theater Command Ground Force">Ground Force</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/71st_Group_Army" title="71st Group Army">71st Group Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Armored_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="2nd Armored Brigade (People's Republic of China)">2nd Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=35th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="35th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">35th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=160th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="160th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">160th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=178th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="178th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">178th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/179th_Combined_Arms_Brigade" class="mw-redirect" title="179th Combined Arms Brigade">179th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/235th_Mechanized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="235th Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">235th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=71st_Artillery_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="71st Artillery Brigade (page does not exist)">71st Artillery Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=71st_Air_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="71st Air Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">71st Air Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=71st_Army_Aviation_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="71st Army Aviation Brigade (page does not exist)">71st Army Aviation Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=71st_Special_Operations_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="71st Special Operations Brigade (page does not exist)">71st Special Operations Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=71st_Engineer-NBC_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="71st Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">71st Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=71st_Service_Support_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="71st Service Support Brigade (page does not exist)">71st Service Support Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/72nd_Group_Army" title="72nd Group Army">72nd Group Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/5th_Tank_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="5th Tank Division (People's Republic of China)">5th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_Armored_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="10th Armored Brigade (People's Republic of China)">10th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=34th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="34th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">34th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=85th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="85th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">85th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=90th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="90th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">90th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/124th_Amphibious_Mechanized_Infantry_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="124th Amphibious Mechanized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)">124th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=72nd_Artillery_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="72nd Artillery Brigade (page does not exist)">72nd Artillery Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=72nd_Air_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="72nd Air Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">72nd Air Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=72nd_Army_Aviation_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="72nd Army Aviation Brigade (page does not exist)">72nd Army Aviation Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=72nd_Special_Operations_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="72nd Special Operations Brigade (page does not exist)">72nd Special Operations Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=72nd_Engineer-NBC_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="72nd Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">72nd Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=72nd_Service_Support_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="72nd Service Support Brigade (page does not exist)">72nd Service Support Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/73rd_Group_Army" title="73rd Group Army">73rd Group Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Motorized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="3rd Motorized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">3rd Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">14th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/86th_Motorized_Infantry_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="86th Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)">86th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=91st_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="91st Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">91st Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=92nd_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="92nd Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">92nd Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=145th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="145th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">145th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=73rd_Artillery_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="73rd Artillery Brigade (page does not exist)">73rd Artillery Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=73rd_Air_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="73rd Air Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">73rd Air Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=73rd_Army_Aviation_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="73rd Army Aviation Brigade (page does not exist)">73rd Army Aviation Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=73rd_Special_Operations_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="73rd Special Operations Brigade (page does not exist)">73rd Special Operations Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=73rd_Engineer-NBC_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="73rd Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">73rd Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=73rd_Service_Support_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="73rd Service Support Brigade (page does not exist)">73rd Service Support Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Theater_Command" title="Southern Theater Command">Southern Theater Command</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Southern_Theater_Command_Ground_Force" title="Southern Theater Command Ground Force">Ground Force</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/74th_Group_Army" title="74th Group Army">74th Group Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Amphibious_Mechanized_Infantry_Division" title="1st Amphibious Mechanized Infantry Division">1st Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=16th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="16th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">16th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=125th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="125th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">125th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=132nd_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="132nd Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">132nd Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=154th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="154th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">154th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=163rd_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="163rd Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">163rd Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=74th_Artillery_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="74th Artillery Brigade (page does not exist)">74th Artillery Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=74th_Air_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="74th Air Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">74th Air Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=74th_Army_Aviation_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="74th Army Aviation Brigade (page does not exist)">74th Army Aviation Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=74th_Special_Operations_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="74th Special Operations Brigade (page does not exist)">74th Special Operations Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=74th_Engineer-NBC_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="74th Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">74th Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=74th_Service_Support_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="74th Service Support Brigade (page does not exist)">74th Service Support Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/75th_Group_Army" title="75th Group Army">75th Group Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/31st_Motorized_Infantry_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="31st Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)">31st Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=32nd_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="32nd Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">32nd Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=37th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="37th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">37th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=42nd_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="42nd Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">42nd Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=122nd_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="122nd Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">122nd Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=123rd_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="123rd Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">123rd Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=121st_Air_Assault_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="121st Air Assault Brigade (page does not exist)">121st Air Assault Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=75th_Artillery_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="75th Artillery Brigade (page does not exist)">75th Artillery Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=75th_Air_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="75th Air Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">75th Air Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=75th_Special_Operations_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="75th Special Operations Brigade (page does not exist)">75th Special Operations Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=75th_Engineer-NBC_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="75th Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">75th Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=75th_Service_Support_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="75th Service Support Brigade (page does not exist)">75th Service Support Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Garrison" title="Hong Kong Garrison">Hong Kong Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macao_Garrison" title="Macao Garrison">Macau Infantry Battalion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Theater_Command" title="Western Theater Command">Western Theater Command</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Western_Theater_Command_Ground_Force" title="Western Theater Command Ground Force">Ground Force</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/76th_Group_Army" title="76th Group Army">76th Group Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/12th_Armored_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="12th Armored Brigade (People's Republic of China)">12th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=17th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="17th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">17th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/56th_Motorized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="56th Motorized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">56th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=62nd_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="62nd Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">62nd Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/149th_Motorized_Infantry_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="149th Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)">149th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=182nd_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="182nd Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">182nd Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=76th_Artillery_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="76th Artillery Brigade (page does not exist)">76th Artillery Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=76th_Air_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="76th Air Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">76th Air Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=76th_Army_Aviation_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="76th Army Aviation Brigade (page does not exist)">76th Army Aviation Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=76th_Special_Operations_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="76th Special Operations Brigade (page does not exist)">76th Special Operations Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=76th_Engineer-NBC_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="76th Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">76th Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=76th_Service_Support_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="76th Service Support Brigade (page does not exist)">76th Service Support Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/77th_Group_Army" title="77th Group Army">77th Group Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=39th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="39th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">39th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=40th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="40th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">40th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/55th_Motorized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="55th Motorized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">55th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=139th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="139th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">139th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=150th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="150th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">150th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=181st_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="181st Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">181st Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=77th_Artillery_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="77th Artillery Brigade (page does not exist)">77th Artillery Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=77th_Air_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="77th Air Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">77th Air Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=77th_Army_Aviation_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="77th Army Aviation Brigade (page does not exist)">77th Army Aviation Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=77th_Special_Operations_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="77th Special Operations Brigade (page does not exist)">77th Special Operations Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=77th_Engineer-NBC_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="77th Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">77th Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=77th_Service_Support_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="77th Service Support Brigade (page does not exist)">77th Service Support Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Theater_Command" title="Northern Theater Command">Northern Theater Command</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Northern_Theater_Command_Ground_Force" title="Northern Theater Command Ground Force">Ground Force</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/78th_Group_Army" title="78th Group Army">78th Group Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/8th_Armored_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="8th Armored Brigade (People's Republic of China)">8th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=48th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="48th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">48th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/68th_Combined_Arms_Brigade" class="mw-redirect" title="68th Combined Arms Brigade">68th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/115th_Mechanized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="115th Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">115th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=202nd_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="202nd Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">202nd Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=204rd_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="204rd Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">204rd Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=78th_Artillery_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="78th Artillery Brigade (page does not exist)">78th Artillery Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=78th_Air_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="78th Air Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">78th Air Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=78th_Army_Aviation_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="78th Army Aviation Brigade (page does not exist)">78th Army Aviation Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=78th_Special_Operations_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="78th Special Operations Brigade (page does not exist)">78th Special Operations Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=78th_Engineer-NBC_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="78th Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">78th Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=78th_Service_Support_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="78th Service Support Brigade (page does not exist)">78th Service Support Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/79th_Group_Army" title="79th Group Army">79th Group Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=46th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="46th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">46th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/116th_Mechanized_Infantry_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="116th Mechanized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)">116th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/119th_Motorized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="119th Motorized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">119th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/190th_Mechanized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="190th Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">190th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/191st_Motorized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="191st Motorized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">191st Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=200th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="200th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">200th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=79th_Artillery_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="79th Artillery Brigade (page does not exist)">79th Artillery Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=79th_Air_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="79th Air Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">79th Air Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=79th_Army_Aviation_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="79th Army Aviation Brigade (page does not exist)">79th Army Aviation Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=79th_Special_Operations_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="79th Special Operations Brigade (page does not exist)">79th Special Operations Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=79th_Engineer-NBC_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="79th Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">79th Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=79th_Service_Support_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="79th Service Support Brigade (page does not exist)">79th Service Support Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/80th_Group_Army" title="80th Group Army">80th Group Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=47th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="47th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">47th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=69th_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="69th Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">69th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/118th_Mechanized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="118th Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">118th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/138th_Combined_Arms_Brigade" class="mw-redirect" title="138th Combined Arms Brigade">138th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/199th_Motorized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="199th Motorized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">199th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=203rd_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="203rd Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">203rd Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=80th_Artillery_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="80th Artillery Brigade (page does not exist)">80th Artillery Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=80th_Air_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="80th Air Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">80th Air Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=80th_Army_Aviation_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="80th Army Aviation Brigade (page does not exist)">80th Army Aviation Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=80th_Special_Operations_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="80th Special Operations Brigade (page does not exist)">80th Special Operations Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=80th_Engineer-NBC_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="80th Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">80th Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=80th_Service_Support_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="80th Service Support Brigade (page does not exist)">80th Service Support Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_Theater_Command" title="Central Theater Command">Central Theater Command</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Central_Theater_Command_Ground_Force" title="Central Theater Command Ground Force">Ground Force</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/81st_Group_Army" title="81st Group Army">81st Group Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/7th_Armored_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="7th Armored Brigade (People's Republic of China)">7th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/70th_Motorized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="70th Motorized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">70th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/162nd_Motorized_Infantry_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="162nd Motorized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)">162nd Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Armored_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="6th Armored Division (People's Republic of China)">189th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/193rd_Mechanized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="193rd Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">194th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/195th_Combined_Arms_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="195th Combined Arms Brigade (People's Republic of China)">195th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=81st_Artillery_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="81st Artillery Brigade (page does not exist)">81st Artillery Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=81st_Air_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="81st Air Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">81st Air Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=81st_Army_Aviation_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="81st Army Aviation Brigade (page does not exist)">81st Army Aviation Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=81st_Special_Operations_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="81st Special Operations Brigade (page does not exist)">81st Special Operations Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=81st_Engineer-NBC_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="81st Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">81st Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=81st_Service_Support_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="81st Service Support Brigade (page does not exist)">81st Service Support Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/82nd_Group_Army" title="82nd Group Army">82nd Group Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/6th_Armored_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="6th Armored Division (People's Republic of China)">6th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/80th_Motorized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="80th Motorized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">80th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/112th_Mechanized_Infantry_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="112th Mechanized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)">112th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/127th_Mechanized_Infantry_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="127th Mechanized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)">127th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/113th_Mechanized_Infantry_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="113th Mechanized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)">151st Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/188th_Mechanized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="188th Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">188th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/196th_Motorized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="196th Motorized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">196th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=82nd_Artillery_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="82nd Artillery Brigade (page does not exist)">82nd Artillery Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=82nd_Air_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="82nd Air Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">82nd Air Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=82nd_Army_Aviation_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="82nd Army Aviation Brigade (page does not exist)">82nd Army Aviation Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=82nd_Special_Operations_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="82nd Special Operations Brigade (page does not exist)">82nd Special Operations Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=82nd_Engineer-NBC_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="82nd Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">82nd Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=82nd_Service_Support_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="82nd Service Support Brigade (page does not exist)">82nd Service Support Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/83rd_Group_Army" title="83rd Group Army">83rd Group Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/11th_Armored_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="11th Armored Brigade (People's Republic of China)">11th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/58th_Mechanized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" class="mw-redirect" title="58th Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">58th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/60th_Motorized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="60th Motorized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">60th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/113th_Mechanized_Infantry_Division_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="113th Mechanized Infantry Division (People's Republic of China)">113th Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=131st_Combined_Arms_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="131st Combined Arms Brigade (page does not exist)">131st Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/193rd_Mechanized_Infantry_Brigade_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)" title="193rd Mechanized Infantry Brigade (People's Republic of China)">193rd Combined Arms Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=83rd_Artillery_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="83rd Artillery Brigade (page does not exist)">83rd Artillery Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=83rd_Air_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="83rd Air Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">83rd Air Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=161st_Air_Assault_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="161st Air Assault Brigade (page does not exist)">161st Air Assault Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=83rd_Special_Operations_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="83rd Special Operations Brigade (page does not exist)">83rd Special Operations Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=83rd_Engineer-NBC_Defense_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="83rd Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade (page does not exist)">83rd Engineer-NBC Defense Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=83rd_Service_Support_Brigade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="83rd Service Support Brigade (page does not exist)">83rd Service Support Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border&#124;link=China&#124;alt=China_People&#039;s_Liberation_Army" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="Template:People's Liberation Army"><abbr title="View 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/29px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg/38px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="People's Liberation Army">People's Liberation Army</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="History of the People's Liberation Army">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernization_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army" title="Modernization of the People's Liberation Army">Modernization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_budget_of_China" title="Military budget of China">Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_equipment_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="Category:Military equipment of the People's Republic of China">Equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Military_decorations_of_China" title="Template:Military decorations of China">Decorations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_generals_of_China" title="List of generals of China">Generals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="China and weapons of mass destruction">Weapons of mass destruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_information_operations_and_information_warfare" title="Chinese information operations and information warfare">Information operations and information warfare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Branches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ground</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Structure_of_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force_since_2017" title="Template:Structure of People's Liberation Army Ground Force since 2017">Structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="List of equipment of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force">Equipment</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Infantry_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Infantry of the People's Liberation Army (page does not exist)">Infantry</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E6%AD%A5%E5%85%B5" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民解放军步兵">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armored_forces_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armored forces of the People's Liberation Army (page does not exist)">Armored forces</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E8%A3%85%E7%94%B2%E5%85%B5" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民解放军装甲兵">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Field_artillery_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Field artillery of the People's Liberation Army (page does not exist)">Artillery</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E7%82%AE%E5%85%B5" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民解放军炮兵">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Air_defense_artillery_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Air defense artillery of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force (page does not exist)">Air defense</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E9%99%86%E5%86%9B%E9%98%B2%E7%A9%BA%E5%85%B5" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民解放军陆军防空兵">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force_Aviation" title="People's Liberation Army Ground Force Aviation">Aviation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_People%27s_Liberation_Army_aircraft" title="List of active People's Liberation Army aircraft">aircraft</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_corps_of_engineers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Liberation Army corps of engineers (page does not exist)">Engineers</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%85%B5" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民解放军工程兵">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_chemical_defense_forces&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Liberation Army chemical defense forces (page does not exist)">Chemical defense</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E9%98%B2%E5%8C%96%E5%85%B5" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民解放军防化兵">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Special_Operations_Forces" title="People's Liberation Army Special Operations Forces">Special operations units</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy" title="People's Liberation Army Navy">Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Liberation Army Navy Organization">Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_weaponry_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy" title="Naval weaponry of the People's Liberation Army Navy">Weaponry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_history_of_China" title="Naval history of China">History</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li>Branches: <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy_Surface_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Navy Surface Force">Surface</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy_ships" class="mw-redirect" title="List of active People's Liberation Army Navy ships">ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_aircraft_carrier_programme" title="Chinese aircraft carrier programme">aircraft carriers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy_Submarine_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Navy Submarine Force">Submarine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy_Coastal_Defense_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Navy Coastal Defense Force">Coastal Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Naval_Air_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Naval Air Force">Naval Air</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_People%27s_Liberation_Army_aircraft" title="List of active People's Liberation Army aircraft">aircraft</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy_Marine_Corps" title="People's Liberation Army Navy Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Special_Operations_Forces" title="People's Liberation Army Special Operations Forces">special operations units</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li>Fleets: <a href="/wiki/North_Sea_Fleet" title="North Sea Fleet">North Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Sea_Fleet" title="East Sea Fleet">East Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sea_Fleet" title="South Sea Fleet">South Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Air Force">Air</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aviation" title="Aviation">Aviation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_People%27s_Liberation_Army_aircraft" title="List of active People's Liberation Army aircraft">aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force_airbases" title="List of People's Liberation Army Air Force airbases">airbases</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_warfare" title="Anti-aircraft warfare">Air Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force_Airborne_Corps" title="People's Liberation Army Air Force Airborne Corps">Airborne Corps</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Special_Operations_Forces" title="People's Liberation Army Special Operations Forces">special operations units</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Rocket_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Rocket Force">Rocket</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dongfeng_(missile)" title="Dongfeng (missile)">Missile operation units</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Liberation_Army_corps_of_engineers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Liberation Army corps of engineers (page does not exist)">Rocket Force corps of engineers</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E5%86%9B%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%85%B5" class="extiw" title="zh:中国人民解放军工程兵">zh</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Special_Operations_Forces" title="People's Liberation Army Special Operations Forces">Special operations units</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Arms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Aerospace_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Aerospace Force">Aerospace</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Astronaut_Corps" title="People's Liberation Army Astronaut Corps">Astronaut Corps</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_astronauts" title="List of Chinese astronauts">astronauts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Deep_Space_Network" title="Chinese Deep Space Network">Deep Space Network</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Cyberspace_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Cyberspace Force">Cyberspace</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Cyberspace_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Cyberspace Force">Cyberspace Force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Information_Support_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Information Support Force">Information Support</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Information_Support_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Information Support Force">Information Support Force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Joint_Logistics_Support_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force">Joint Logistics Support</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wuhan_Joint_Logistics_Support_Base" title="Wuhan Joint Logistics Support Base">Wuhan Joint Logistics Support Base</a></li> <li>Theater's Joint Logistics Support Centers: <a href="/wiki/Wuxi_Joint_Logistics_Support_Center" title="Wuxi Joint Logistics Support Center">Wuxi</a>; <a href="/wiki/Guilin_Joint_Logistics_Support_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Guilin Joint Logistics Support Center">Guilin</a>; <a href="/wiki/Xining_Joint_Logistics_Support_Center" title="Xining Joint Logistics Support Center">Xining</a>; <a href="/wiki/Shenyang_Joint_Logistics_Support_Center" title="Shenyang Joint Logistics Support Center">Shenyang</a>; <a href="/wiki/Zhengzhou_Joint_Logistics_Support_Center" title="Zhengzhou Joint Logistics Support Center">Zhengzhou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Structure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.7em"><a href="/wiki/Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Central Military Commission (China)">Central Military<br /> Commission</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Central_Military_Commission_(China)" title="Chairman of the Central Military Commission (China)">Chairman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairman_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission">Vice-Chairmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Office_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="General Office of the Central Military Commission">General Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Staff_Department_(China)" title="Joint Staff Department (China)">Joint Staff</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Bureau_of_the_Joint_Staff_Department" title="Intelligence Bureau of the Joint Staff Department">Intelligence Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Guard_Bureau" title="Central Guard Bureau">Guard Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Guard_Regiment" title="Central Guard Regiment">Guard Unit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_Work_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Political Work Department of the Central Military Commission">Political Work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logistic_Support_Department" title="Logistic Support Department">Logistic Support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equipment_Development_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Equipment Development Department of the Central Military Commission">Equipment Development</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Manned_Space_Agency" title="China Manned Space Agency">Manned Space Agency</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Training_and_Administration_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Training and Administration Department of the Central Military Commission">Training and Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Mobilization_Department_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="National Defense Mobilization Department of the Central Military Commission">National Defense Mobilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Discipline_Inspection_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Military Commission">Discipline Inspection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_Strategic_Planning_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Office for Strategic Planning of the Central Military Commission">Strategic Planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_Reform_and_Organizational_Structure" title="Office for Reform and Organizational Structure">Reform and Organizational Structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_International_Military_Cooperation_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Office for International Military Cooperation of the Central Military Commission">International Military Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audit_Office_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Audit Office of the Central Military Commission">Audit Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agency_for_Offices_Administration_of_the_Central_Military_Commission" title="Agency for Offices Administration of the Central Military Commission">Offices Administration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.7em"><a href="/wiki/Theater_command" title="Theater command">Theater <br />Commands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Theater_Command" title="Eastern Theater Command">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Theater_Command" title="Southern Theater Command">Southern</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_Garrison" title="Hong Kong Garrison">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macao_Garrison" title="Macao Garrison">Macau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Theater_Command" title="Western Theater Command">Western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tibet_Military_District" title="Tibet Military District">Tibet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Theater_Command" title="Northern Theater Command">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Theater_Command" title="Central Theater Command">Central</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.7em">Military regions<br /> (defunct)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shenyang_Military_Region" title="Shenyang Military Region">Shenyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Military_Region" title="Beijing Military Region">Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanzhou_Military_Region" title="Lanzhou Military Region">Lanzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jinan_Military_Region" title="Jinan Military Region">Jinan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanjing_Military_Region" title="Nanjing Military Region">Nanjing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangzhou_Military_Region" title="Guangzhou Military Region">Guangzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chengdu_Military_Region" title="Chengdu Military Region">Chengdu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ranks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Ground_Force" title="Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force">Ground Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Navy" title="Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranks_of_the_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force" title="Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Air Force">Air Force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Uniform</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xingkong_(camouflage)" title="Xingkong (camouflage)">Xingkong (camouflage)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type_07" title="Type 07">Type 07</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type_99_(camouflage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Type 99 (camouflage)">Type 99 (camouflage)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type_97_Service_Dress" title="Type 97 Service Dress">Type 97 Service Dress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Academy_of_Military_Sciences" title="People's Liberation Army Academy of Military Sciences">Academy of Military Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_National_Defence_University" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Liberation Army National Defence University">National Defence University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Defense_Technology" title="National University of Defense Technology">National University of Defense Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_Command_College_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Liberation_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Command College of the Chinese People's Liberation Army">Army Command College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PLA_Air_Force_Aviation_University" class="mw-redirect" title="PLA Air Force Aviation University">PLA Air Force Aviation University</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_institutions_of_the_armed_forces_of_China" title="Academic institutions of the armed forces of China">Academic institutions of the armed forces of China</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/PLA_Daily" class="mw-redirect" title="PLA Daily">PLA Daily</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/August_First_Film_Studio" title="August First Film Studio">August First Film Studio</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/CCTV-7" title="CCTV-7">CCTV-7</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Science_of_Military_Strategy" title="The Science of Military Strategy">The Science of Military Strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%27s_Defense_White_Paper" title="China's Defense White Paper">Defense White Paper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Paramilitary_forces_of_China" title="Paramilitary forces of China">Paramilitary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Armed_Police" title="People's Armed Police">People's Armed Police</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Coast_Guard" title="China Coast Guard">China Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Police_Unit_of_the_Chinese_People%27s_Armed_Police_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Police Unit of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force">Special police units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_Leopard_Commando_Unit" title="Snow Leopard Commando Unit">Snow Leopard Commando Unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_Eagle_Commando_Unit" title="Mountain Eagle Commando Unit">Mountain Eagle Commando Unit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Militia_(China)" title="Militia (China)">Militia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_Militia" title="Maritime Militia">Maritime Militia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_Production_and_Construction_Corps" title="Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps">Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contractors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Aero-Technology_Import_%26_Export_Corporation" title="China National Aero-Technology Import & Export Corporation">China National Aero-Technology Import & Export Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Electronics_Import_%26_Export_Corporation" title="China National Electronics Import & Export Corporation">China National Electronics Import & Export Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norinco" title="Norinco">Norinco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Precision_Machinery_Import-Export_Corporation" title="China Precision Machinery Import-Export Corporation">China Precision Machinery Import-Export Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Shipbuilding_Industry_Corporation" title="China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation">China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poly_Technologies" title="Poly Technologies">Poly Technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Sons_of_National_Defence" title="Seven Sons of National Defence">Seven Sons of National Defence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="List of wars involving the People's Republic of China">Armed conflicts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Volunteer_Army" title="People's Volunteer Army">Korean War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Authorized_Defense_Products_Dealer_of_PRC" 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