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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Sejarah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geografi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geografi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Geografi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Keadaan_iklim" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keadaan_iklim"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Keadaan iklim</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keadaan_iklim-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Politik</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politik-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Politik</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pembagian_administratif" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pembagian_administratif"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Pembagian administratif</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pembagian_administratif-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ekonomi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ekonomi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ekonomi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ekonomi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bacaan_lebih_lanjut" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bacaan_lebih_lanjut"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bacaan lebih lanjut</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bacaan_lebih_lanjut-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Daftar Isi" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Suriah</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 259 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-259" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">259 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%82%D3%99%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Шьамтәыла – Abkhaz" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Шьамтәыла" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhaz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriyah" title="Suriyah – Aceh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Suriyah" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Aceh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Сирие – Adygei" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Сирие" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adygei" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siri%C3%AB" title="Sirië – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sirië" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrien" title="Syrien – Jerman (Swiss)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Syrien" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman (Swiss)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B6%E1%88%AA%E1%8B%AB" title="ሶሪያ – Amharik" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሶሪያ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Inggris Kuno" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Inggris Kuno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="सीरिया – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="सीरिया" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="سوريا – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سوريا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A3%DC%98%DC%AA%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܣܘܪܝܐ – Aram" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܣܘܪܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aram" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="سوريا – Arab Maroko" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="سوريا" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arab Maroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="سوريا – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سوريا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="ছিৰিয়া – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ছিৰিয়া" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Шам – Avar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Шам" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="सीरिया – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="सीरिया" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriya" title="Suriya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Suriya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87" title="سوریه – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سوریه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D3%99" title="Сүриә – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Сүриә" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriah" title="Suriah – Bali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Suriah" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Bali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrien" title="Syrien – Bavaria" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Syrien" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%97r%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Sėrėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Sėrėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirya" title="Sirya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Sirya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Сірыя – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сірыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Сырыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сырыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriah" title="Suriah – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Suriah" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сирия – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сирия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="सीरिया – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="सीरिया" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriya" title="Suriya – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Suriya" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="সিরিয়া – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সিরিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A1%E0%BC%8D" title="སི་རི་ཡ། – Tibet" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སི་རི་ཡ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibet" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="সিরিয়া – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="সিরিয়া" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirija" title="Sirija – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sirija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%94%E1%A8%98%E1%A8%91%E1%A8%97%E1%A8%90" title="ᨔᨘᨑᨗᨐ – Bugis" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨔᨘᨑᨗᨐ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Bugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Сири – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Сири" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADria" title="Síria – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Síria" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%AA%CC%A4%E1%B9%B3-l%C3%A9-%C4%81" title="Sê̤ṳ-lé-ā – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Sê̤ṳ-lé-ā" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Сири – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Сири" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="سووریا – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سووریا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Korsika" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriye" title="Suriye – Tatar Krimea" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Suriye" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Tatar Krimea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BDrie" title="Sýrie – Ceko" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sýrie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Ceko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syr%C3%ABj%C3%B4" title="Syrëjô – Kashubia" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Syrëjô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%B7%D1%80%D1%97%EA%99%97" title="Сѷрїꙗ – Bahasa Gereja Slavonia" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Сѷрїꙗ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Bahasa Gereja Slavonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Сири – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сири" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrien" title="Syrien – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Syrien" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrien" title="Syrien – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Syrien" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriya" title="Suriya – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Suriya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriska" title="Syriska – Sorbia Hilir" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Syriska" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Sorbia Hilir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="सीरिया – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="सीरिया" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%90%DE%AB%DE%83%DE%A8%DE%94%DE%A7" title="ސޫރިޔާ – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ސޫރިޔާ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Συρία – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Συρία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirio" title="Sirio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sirio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BC%C3%BCria" title="Süüria – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Süüria" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87" title="سوریه – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سوریه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriya" title="Suriya – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Suriya" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syyria" title="Syyria – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Syyria" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BC%C3%BCri%C3%A4" title="Süüriä – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Süüriä" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BDria" title="Sýria – Faroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Sýria" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrie" title="Syrie – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Syrie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrien" title="Syrien – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Syrien" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrje" title="Syrje – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Syrje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_tSiria" title="An tSiria – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An tSiria" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siriya" title="Siriya – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Siriya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siri" title="Siri – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Siri" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%87" title="سۊريه – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="سۊريه" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADria" title="Síria – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Síria" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="सीरिया – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="सीरिया" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%BE%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐍃𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌾𐌰 – Gotik" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍃𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌾𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gotik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE" title="સિરિયા – Gujarat" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સિરિયા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Teer" title="Yn Teer – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Teer" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siriya" title="Siriya – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Siriya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si-li-%C3%A2" title="Si-li-â – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Si-li-â" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suria" title="Suria – Hawaii" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Suria" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaii" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94" title="סוריה – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סוריה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="सीरिया – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सीरिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria_(des)" title="Syria (des) – Hindi Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Syria (des)" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Hindi Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirija" title="Sirija – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sirija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriska" title="Syriska – Sorbia Hulu" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Syriska" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Sorbia Hulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siri" title="Siri – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Siri" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%ADria" title="Szíria – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szíria" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Սիրիա – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սիրիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Սուրիա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սուրիա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BDrland" title="Sýrland – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sýrland" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2" title="シリア – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シリア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/sixygu%27e" title="sixygu'e – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="sixygu'e" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriah" title="Suriah – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Suriah" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="სირია – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სირია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siriya" title="Siriya – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Siriya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surya" title="Surya – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Surya" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Шам – Kabardi" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Шам" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siirii" title="Siirii – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Siirii" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriya" title="Suriya – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Suriya" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriyah" title="Suriyah – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Suriyah" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сирия – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сирия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B8" title="ស៊ីរី – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ស៊ីរី" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE" title="ಸಿರಿಯಾ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಿರಿಯಾ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84" title="시리아 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="시리아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85_(%D9%85%D9%8F%D9%84%DA%A9)" title="شام (مُلک) – Kashmir" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="شام (مُلک)" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BBr%C3%AE" title="Sûrî – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Sûrî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сирия – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Сирия" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syri" title="Syri – Kornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Syri" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сирия – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Сирия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surya" title="Surya – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Surya" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrien" title="Syrien – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Syrien" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сирия – Lezghia" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Сирия" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suria" title="Suria – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Suria" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syri%C3%AB" title="Syrië – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Syrië" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sciria" title="Sciria – Liguria" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Sciria" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Liguria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir%C3%AD" title="Sirí – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Sirí" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirija" title="Sirija – Lituania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sirija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%ABrija" title="Sīrija – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sīrija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriah" title="Suriah – Madura" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Suriah" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madura" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="सीरिया – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="सीरिया" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сирия – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Сирия" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Сирий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Сирий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiria" title="Hiria – Maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Hiria" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriah" title="Suriah – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Suriah" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Сирија – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сирија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF" title="സിറിയ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സിറിയ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Сири – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Сири" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5" title="ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯌꯥ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯌꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="सीरिया – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सीरिया" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirja" title="Sirja – Malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Sirja" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADria" title="Síria – Miranda" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Síria" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Miranda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ဆီးရီးယားနိုင်ငံ – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆီးရီးယားနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%87" title="سوریه – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سوریه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrien" title="Syrien – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Syrien" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syri%C3%AB" title="Syrië – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Syrië" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="सिरिया – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सिरिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="सिरिया – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सिरिया" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syri%C3%AB" title="Syrië – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Syrië" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ha%CA%BCa%CA%BCaahj%C3%AD_%C3%81s%C3%A1%C3%AD_Dine%CA%BC%C3%A9_Bik%C3%A9yah" title="Haʼaʼaahjí Ásáí Dineʼé Bikéyah – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Haʼaʼaahjí Ásáí Dineʼé Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirii" title="Sirii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Sirii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siiriyaa" title="Siiriyaa – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Siiriyaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%86" title="ସିରିଆ – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସିରିଆ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Сири – Ossetia" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сири" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਸੀਰੀਆ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੀਰੀਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirie" title="Sirie – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Sirie" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="सिरिया – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="सिरिया" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85" title="شام – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شام" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Συρία – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Συρία" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%87" title="سوريه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سوريه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADria" title="Síria – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Síria" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirya" title="Sirya – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Sirya" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сирия – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сирия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сирия – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Сирия" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siriya" title="Siriya – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Siriya" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="सिरिया – Sanskerta" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="सिरिया" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskerta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сирия – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сирия" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱤᱨᱤᱭᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ACria" title="Sìria – Sardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Sìria" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrie" title="Syrie – Skotlandia" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Syrie" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85" title="شام – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="شام" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Sami Utara" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Sami Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirija" title="Sirija – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sirija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8" title="မိူင်းသီးရီးယႃး – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းသီးရီးယႃး" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="සිරියාව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සිරියාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BDria" title="Sýria – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sýria" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirija" title="Sirija – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sirija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suria" title="Suria – Samoa" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Suria" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syyria" title="Syyria – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Syyria" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suuriya" title="Suuriya – Somalia" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Suuriya" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Сирија – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сирија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syirikondre" title="Syirikondre – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Syirikondre" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISiriya" title="ISiriya – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="ISiriya" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriah" title="Suriah – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Suriah" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrien" title="Syrien – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Syrien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-syl mw-list-item"><a href="https://syl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%A0%8D%EA%A0%A4%EA%A0%9E%EA%A0%A4%EA%A0%80" title="ꠍꠤꠞꠤꠀ – Sylheti" lang="syl" hreflang="syl" data-title="ꠍꠤꠞꠤꠀ" data-language-autonym="ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ" data-language-local-name="Sylheti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syryjo" title="Syryjo – Silesia" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Syryjo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="சிரியா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சிரியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Atayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Atayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tdd mw-list-item"><a href="https://tdd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A5%9B%E1%A5%AB%E1%A5%92%E1%A5%B0_%E1%A5%94%E1%A5%A4%E1%A5%B0_%E1%A5%98%E1%A5%A4%E1%A5%B0_%E1%A5%95%E1%A5%A3%E1%A5%B0" title="ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥔᥤᥰ ᥘᥤᥰ ᥕᥣᥰ – Tai Nuea" lang="tdd" hreflang="tdd" data-title="ᥛᥫᥒᥰ ᥔᥤᥰ ᥘᥤᥰ ᥕᥣᥰ" data-language-autonym="ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ" data-language-local-name="Tai Nuea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE" title="సిరియా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సిరియా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADria" title="Síria – Tetun" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Síria" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сурия – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Сурия" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ประเทศซีเรีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศซีเรีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B1%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%AB" title="ሱርያ – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ሱርያ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siri%C3%BDa" title="Siriýa – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Siriýa" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siria" title="Siria – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Siria" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surij%C9%99" title="Surijə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Surijə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silia" title="Silia – Tonga" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Silia" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriye" title="Suriye – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Suriye" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сүрия – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Сүрия" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сирия – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Сирия" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%87%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="سۇرىيە – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="سۇرىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Сирія – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сирія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="سوریہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سوریہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suriya" title="Suriya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Suriya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ACria" title="Sìria – Venesia" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Sìria" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirii" title="Sirii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Sirii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syria" title="Syria – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Syria" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syri%C3%AB" title="Syrië – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Syrië" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCriy%C3%A4n" title="Süriyän – Volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Süriyän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sireye" title="Sireye – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Sireye" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirya" title="Sirya – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sirya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siri" title="Siri – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Siri" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="叙利亚 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="叙利亚" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="სირია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სირია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A2" title="סיריע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סיריע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADr%C3%AD%C3%A0" title="Síríà – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Síríà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siliya" title="Siliya – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Siliya" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syri%C3%AB" title="Syrië – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Syrië" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%A2%E2%B4%B0" title="ⵙⵓⵔⵢⴰ – Tamazight Maroko Standar" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵙⵓⵔⵢⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamazight Maroko Standar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="叙利亚 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="叙利亚" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="敘利亞 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="敘利亞" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su-l%C4%AB-a" title="Su-lī-a – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Su-lī-a" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="敘利亞 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="敘利亞" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q858#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Suriah" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Suriah" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Suriah"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Suriah"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Suriah" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Suriah" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&oldid=26980208" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Suriah&id=26980208&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSuriah"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSuriah"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Suriah"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Suriah&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Syria_-_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Suriah" hreflang="id"><span>Wikiwisata</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q858" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r27002510">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24155656">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-b{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Picto_infobox_map.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard" style="font-size:88%;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr" style="padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:1.25em;"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org country-name">Republik Arab Suriah</div><br /><div style="padding-top:0.25em; font-weight:normal;">اَلْجُمْهُورِيَّةُ الْعَرَبِيَّةُ السُّورِيَّةُ <br /> al-Jumhūriyya al-ʿArabiyya as-Sūriyya <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Arab</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;padding:0.5em 0;"><div style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; width:58%; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bendera Suriah"><img alt="Bendera Suriah" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Bendera_Suriah" title="Bendera Suriah">Bendera</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Coat_of_arms_of_Syria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lambang (de facto) Suriah"><img alt="{{{coat_alt}}}" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Coat_of_arms_of_Syria.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Coat_of_arms_of_Syria.svg/250px-Coat_of_arms_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="491" /></a></span></div> <div style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Lambang_Suriah" title="Lambang Suriah">Lambang (<i>de facto</i>)</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem"><div style="line-height:1.2em;"><b><a href="/wiki/Lagu_kebangsaan" title="Lagu kebangsaan">Lagu kebangsaan</a>: </b><br />حماة الديار<br /><i><a href="/wiki/Homat_el_Diyar" class="mw-redirect" title="Homat el Diyar">Ḥumāt ad-Diyār</a></i><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Bahasa Indonesia">Indonesia</a>: "Pelindung Tanah Air")</span> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="67" data-mwtitle="National_Anthem_of_Syria.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/National_Anthem_of_Syria.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fc/National_Anthem_of_Syria.ogg/National_Anthem_of_Syria.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Syria.ogg&lang=ar&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ar" label="العربية ‪(ar)‬" data-dir="rtl" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Syria.ogg&lang=de&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="de" label="Deutsch ‪(de)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Syria.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Syria.ogg&lang=es&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="es" label="español ‪(es)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Syria.ogg&lang=fa&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="fa" label="فارسی ‪(fa)‬" data-dir="rtl" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Syria.ogg&lang=id&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="id" label="Bahasa Indonesia ‪(id)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Syria.ogg&lang=th&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="th" label="ไทย ‪(th)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Syria.ogg&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_Anthem_of_Syria.ogg&lang=zh-tw&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant-TW" label="中文（臺灣） ‪(zh-tw)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div></div><br /><span lang="AR">فِي سَبِيلِ المجدالأخرى</span><br /><span title="Arab-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn"><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C4%AB_Sab%C4%ABli_al-Majd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fī Sabīli al-Majd (halaman belum tersedia)">Fī Sabīli al-Majd</a></i></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Bahasa Indonesia">Indonesia</a>: "Dalam Mengejar Kemuliaan")</span><br />(sementara)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Syria_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Syria_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/220px-Syria_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Syria_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/330px-Syria_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Syria_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/440px-Syria_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="553" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none" data-switcher-default="">Perlihatkan peta Bendera</span></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berkas:Syria_-_Location_Map_(2024)_-_SYR_-_UNOCHA.svg&lang=id" class="mw-file-description" title="Lokasi Suriah"><img alt="Lokasi Suriah" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Syria_-_Location_Map_%282024%29_-_SYR_-_UNOCHA.svg/langid-250px-Syria_-_Location_Map_%282024%29_-_SYR_-_UNOCHA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Syria_-_Location_Map_%282024%29_-_SYR_-_UNOCHA.svg/langid-375px-Syria_-_Location_Map_%282024%29_-_SYR_-_UNOCHA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Syria_-_Location_Map_%282024%29_-_SYR_-_UNOCHA.svg/langid-500px-Syria_-_Location_Map_%282024%29_-_SYR_-_UNOCHA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="254" data-file-height="254" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ibu_kota" title="Ibu kota">Ibu kota</a><br /><div style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_kota_di_Suriah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar kota di Suriah (halaman belum tersedia)">(dan kota terbesar)</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus">Damaskus</a><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25917590">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Suriah&language=id&params=33_30_N_36_18_E_type:City"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°30′N</span> <span class="longitude">36°18′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.500°N 36.300°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">33.500; 36.300</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_resmi" title="Bahasa resmi">Bahasa resmi</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Arab</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Politik_Suriah" title="Politik Suriah">Pemerintahan</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pemerintahan_Transisi_Suriah" title="Pemerintahan Transisi Suriah">Pemerintahan transisi</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r27002510" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Presiden_Suriah" class="mw-redirect" title="Presiden Suriah">Presiden</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_al-Sharaa" title="Ahmed al-Sharaa">Ahmed al-Sharaa</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Daftar_Wakil_Presiden_Suriah" title="Daftar Wakil Presiden Suriah">Wakil Presiden</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Kosong</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Daftar_Perdana_Menteri_Suriah" title="Daftar Perdana Menteri Suriah">Perdana Menteri</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Al-Bashir" title="Mohammad Al-Bashir">Mohammad al-Bashir</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Legislatif" title="Legislatif">Legislatif</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majelis_Rakyat_Suriah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majelis Rakyat Suriah (halaman belum tersedia)">Majelis Rakyat</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;">Pendirian</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r27002510" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Arab_Suriah" title="Kerajaan Arab Suriah">Kerajaan Arab Suriah</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">8 Maret 1920</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/w/index.php?title=Negara_Suriah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Negara Suriah (halaman belum tersedia)">Negara Suriah</a> dibawah <a href="/wiki/Mandat_Prancis_di_Suriah_dan_Lebanon" title="Mandat Prancis di Suriah dan Lebanon">mandat Prancis</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">1 Desember 1924</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Republik_Suriah_(1930%E2%80%9358)" title="Republik Suriah (1930–58)">Republik Suriah</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">14 Mei 1930</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Kemerdekaan </div></th><td class="infobox-data">24 Oktober 1945</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Akhir dari <a href="/wiki/Mandat_Prancis_di_Suriah_dan_Lebanon" title="Mandat Prancis di Suriah dan Lebanon">mandat Prancis</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">17 April 1946</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Memisahkan diri dari <a href="/wiki/Republik_Arab_Bersatu" title="Republik Arab Bersatu">Republik Arab Bersatu</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">28 September 1961</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Partai_Ba%27ath" title="Partai Ba'ath">Partai Ba'ath</a> <a href="/wiki/Kudeta_Suriah_1963" title="Kudeta Suriah 1963">mengambil alih kekuasaan</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">8 Maret 1963</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Kejatuhan_Bashar_al-Assad" class="mw-redirect" title="Kejatuhan Bashar al-Assad">Kejatuhan Bashar al-Assad</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Kejatuhan_Damaskus" title="Kejatuhan Damaskus">Terebutnya Damaskus</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">8 Desember 2024</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Konstitusi_Interim_Suriah_2025" title="Konstitusi Interim Suriah 2025">Konstitusi saat ini</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">13 Maret 2025</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Geografi_Suriah" title="Geografi Suriah">Luas </a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> - Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">185.180 km<sup>2</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_luas_wilayah" title="Daftar negara menurut luas wilayah">87</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> - <a href="/wiki/Perairan" title="Perairan">Perairan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Persentase" title="Persentase">%</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,1</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;">Populasi</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> - Perkiraan 2024</div></th><td class="infobox-data">25.000.753<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_jumlah_penduduk" title="Daftar negara menurut jumlah penduduk">60</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> - <a href="/wiki/Kepadatan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kepadatan">Kepadatan</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">118,3/km<sup>2</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_kepadatan_penduduk" title="Daftar negara menurut kepadatan penduduk">70</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Produk_domestik_bruto" title="Produk domestik bruto">PDB</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(<a href="/wiki/Keseimbangan_kemampuan_berbelanja" title="Keseimbangan kemampuan berbelanja">KKB</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2015</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> - Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap">$50,28 miliar<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> - <a href="/wiki/Per_kapita" title="Per kapita">Per kapita</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">$2.900<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Produk_domestik_bruto" title="Produk domestik bruto">PDB</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(nominal)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2014</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> - Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap">$24,6 miliar<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> (<a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_PDB_(nominal)" title="Daftar negara menurut PDB (nominal)">167</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Koefisien_Gini" title="Koefisien Gini">Gini</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(2014)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">55,8<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="color:darkred">tinggi</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Indeks_Pembangunan_Manusia" title="Indeks Pembangunan Manusia">IPM</a> <span style="font-weight:normal;">(2021)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Steady"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> 0,577<sup id="cite_ref-HDI_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HDI-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="color:orange">sedang</span></span> · <a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_menurut_Indeks_Pembangunan_Manusia" title="Daftar negara menurut Indeks Pembangunan Manusia">150</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Mata_uang" title="Mata uang">Mata uang</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pound_Suriah" title="Pound Suriah">Pound Suriah</a> (LS) <br />(<code><a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">SYP</a></code>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Zona_waktu" title="Zona waktu">Zona waktu</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Waktu_Standar_Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Waktu Standar Arab">Waktu Standar Arab</a><br />(<span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Waktu_Universal_Terkoordinasi" title="Waktu Universal Terkoordinasi">UTC</a>+3</span>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;"> - Musim panas (<a href="/wiki/Waktu_Musim_Panas" title="Waktu Musim Panas">DST</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Waktu_Universal_Terkoordinasi" title="Waktu Universal Terkoordinasi">UTC</a>+3</span> (<a href="/wiki/Waktu_Standar_Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Waktu Standar Arab">Waktu Standar Arab</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Arah_lalu_lintas" title="Arah lalu lintas">Lajur kemudi</a></th><td class="infobox-data">kanan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_kode_telepon_negara_di_dunia" title="Daftar kode telepon negara di dunia">Kode telepon</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%2B963&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="+963 (halaman belum tersedia)">+963</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">Kode ISO 3166</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:SY" title="ISO 3166-2:SY">SY</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ranah_Internet_tingkat_teratas" class="mw-redirect" title="Ranah Internet tingkat teratas">Ranah Internet</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/.sy" title=".sy">.sy</a> <br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="سوريا. (halaman belum tersedia)">سوريا.</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below mergedtoprow noprint"><div class="none" style="font-weight:normal;font-size:80%; line-height:normal;text-align:left;height:20px;padding-top:0.2em;;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;padding-top:0.1em"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Sunting kotak info" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Infobox_country&action=edit&section=top&editintro=Templat:Infobox/editintro2"><span style="color:#3464c9"><b>Sunting kotak info</b></span></a></span> • <a href="/wiki/Templat:Infobox_country" title="Templat:Infobox country"><span style="display:inline-text;color:#3464c9">Lihat</span></a> • <a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Infobox_country" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Infobox country"><span style="color:#3464c9">Bicara</span></a><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Infobox_country/doc" title="Bantuan penggunaan templat ini"><img alt="Info templat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/10px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/15px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/20px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Bantuan penggunaan templat ini</figcaption></figure> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Suriah</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">bahasa Arab</a>: <span lang="ar">سُورِيَا</span> atau <span lang="ar">سُورِيَة</span>, <span title="Arab-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Sūriyā</i></span>), dengan nama resmi <b>Republik Arab Suriah</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">bahasa Arab</a>: <span lang="ar">اَلْجُمْهُورِيَّةُ ٱلْعَرَبِيَّةُ ٱلْسُوْرِيَّة</span>, <span style="font-size:85%;"><abbr title="transliterasi">translit.</abbr> </span><i><span title="Arab-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">al-Jumhūriyya al-ʿArabiyya as-Sūriyya</i></span></i>), adalah sebuah negara di <a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Arab Levant</a> (<a href="/wiki/Syam" title="Syam">Syam</a>), <a href="/wiki/Timur_Tengah" title="Timur Tengah">Timur Tengah</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Asia_Barat" title="Asia Barat">Asia Barat</a>. Suriah berbatasan dengan <a href="/wiki/Laut_Mediterania" class="mw-redirect" title="Laut Mediterania">Laut Mediterania</a> di barat, <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye" class="mw-redirect" title="Türkiye">Türkiye</a> di utara, <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a> di timur dan tenggara, <a href="/wiki/Yordania" title="Yordania">Yordania</a> di selatan, serta <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palestina" title="Palestina">Palestina</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a> di barat daya. <a href="/wiki/Siprus" title="Siprus">Siprus</a> terletak di barat melintasi Laut Mediterania. Sebuah negara dataran subur, pegunungan tinggi, dan gurun, Suriah adalah rumah bagi beragam kelompok etnis dan agama, diantaranya mayoritas <a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Suriah" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Suriah">Arab Suriah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orang_Kurdi" title="Orang Kurdi">Kurdi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkmen" title="Turkmen">Turkmen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asiria" class="mw-redirect" title="Asiria">Asyur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orang_Armenia" title="Orang Armenia">Armenia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orang_Adighe" title="Orang Adighe">Sirkasia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan <a href="/wiki/Orang_Yunani" title="Orang Yunani">Yunani</a>. Kelompok agama di antaranya adalah <a href="/wiki/Kekristenan_di_Suriah" title="Kekristenan di Suriah">Kristen Ortodoks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alawi" title="Alawi">Syiah Alawite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syiah_Dua_Belas_Imam" title="Syiah Dua Belas Imam">Syiah Dua Belas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salafiyah" title="Salafiyah">Sunni Salafi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sufisme" title="Sufisme">Sunni Sufi</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Yazidi" title="Yazidi">Yazidi</a>. Ibu kota dan kota terbesar Suriah adalah <a href="/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus">Damaskus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arab adalah kelompok etnis terbesar, dan Sunni adalah kelompok agama terbesar. </p><p>Suriah merupakan negara <a href="/wiki/Republik" title="Republik">Republik</a> <a href="/wiki/Negara_kesatuan" title="Negara kesatuan">Kesatuan</a> yang terdiri dari <a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_di_Suriah" title="Kegubernuran di Suriah">14 kegubernuran</a> dan merupakan satu-satunya negara yang secara politik mendukung <a href="/wiki/Baathisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Baathisme">Baathisme</a>. Negara ini anggota dari organisasi internasional selain <a href="/wiki/Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa" title="Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa">Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerakan_Non-Blok" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerakan Non-Blok">Gerakan Non-Blok</a>; serta ditangguhkan dari <a href="/wiki/Liga_Arab" title="Liga Arab">Liga Arab</a> pada November 2011,<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_Arab_League_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Arab_League-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Organisasi_Kerja_Sama_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisasi Kerja Sama Islam">Organisasi Kerja Sama Islam</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_OIC_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNN_OIC-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan ditangguhkan sendiri dari <a href="/wiki/Uni_untuk_Mediterania" title="Uni untuk Mediterania">Union for the Mediterranean</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nama "Suriah" secara historis merujuk ke wilayah yang <a href="/wiki/Syam" title="Syam">lebih luas</a> yang secara luas diidentik dengan <a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a> dan dikenal dalam bahasa Arab sebagai <i>al-Sham</i>. Negara modern meliputi situs beberapa kerajaan dan kerajaan kuno, termasuk peradaban <a href="/wiki/Ebla" title="Ebla">Eblan</a> pada <a href="/wiki/Anno_Domini" class="mw-redirect" title="Anno Domini">milenium</a> ke-3 SM. <a href="/wiki/Aleppo" title="Aleppo">Aleppo</a> dan ibu kota <a href="/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus">Damaskus</a> adalah salah satu <a href="/wiki/Daftar_kota_tertua_yang_masih_terus_dihuni" title="Daftar kota tertua yang masih terus dihuni">kota tertua yang terus berpenghuni</a> di dunia.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di era Islam, Damaskus adalah pusat <a href="/wiki/Kekhalifahan_Umayyah" title="Kekhalifahan Umayyah">Kekhalifahan Umayyah</a> dan ibu kota provinsi <a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Mamluk" class="mw-redirect" title="Kesultanan Mamluk">Kesultanan Mamluk</a> di <a href="/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir">Mesir</a>. </p><p>Negara Suriah modern didirikan pada pertengahan abad ke-20 setelah berabad-abad diperintah <a href="/wiki/Suriah_Utsmaniyah" title="Suriah Utsmaniyah">Ottoman</a> dan setelah periode singkat sebagai <a href="/wiki/Mandat_Prancis_di_Suriah_dan_Lebanon" title="Mandat Prancis di Suriah dan Lebanon">mandat Prancis</a>. Negara yang baru dibuat itu mewakili negara Arab terbesar yang muncul dari provinsi-provinsi Suriah yang sebelumnya dikuasai <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Ottoman" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Ottoman">Ottoman</a>. Ia memperoleh kemerdekaan <i>de jure</i> sebagai <a href="/wiki/Republik_parlementer" title="Republik parlementer">Republik parlementer</a> pada 24 Oktober 1945. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Republik_Suriah_Pertama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Republik Suriah Pertama (halaman belum tersedia)">Republik Suriah</a> menjadi anggota pendiri Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa, suatu tindakan yang secara hukum mengakhiri Mandat Prancis sebelumnya, meskipun pasukan Prancis tidak meninggalkan negara itu sampai April 1946. </p><p>Periode pasca-kemerdekaan penuh gejolak, dengan banyak <a href="/wiki/Kudeta" title="Kudeta">kudeta militer</a> dan upaya kudeta mengguncang negara itu dari tahun 1949 hingga 1971. Pada tahun 1958, Suriah memasuki persatuan singkat dengan Mesir yang disebut <a href="/wiki/Republik_Arab_Bersatu" title="Republik Arab Bersatu">Republik Arab Bersatu</a> yang diakhiri oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kudeta_Suriah_1961&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kudeta Suriah 1961 (halaman belum tersedia)">kudeta Suriah 1961</a>. Republik ini berganti nama menjadi Republik Arab Suriah pada akhir tahun 1961 setelah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Referendum_Konstitusi_Suriah_1961&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Referendum Konstitusi Suriah 1961 (halaman belum tersedia)">referendum konstitusional 1 Desember</a> tahun itu. Setelah itu keadaan semakin tidak stabil sampai <a href="/wiki/Kudeta_Suriah_1963" title="Kudeta Suriah 1963">kudeta Ba'athist</a> tahun 1963, sejak Partai Ba'ath mempertahankan kekuasaannya. Suriah berada di bawah Undang-Undang Darurat dari tahun 1963 hingga 2011, yang secara efektif menangguhkan sebagian besar perlindungan konstitusional bagi warga negara. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bashar_al-Assad" title="Bashar al-Assad">Bashar al-Assad</a> telah menjadi presiden sejak tahun 2000 menggantikan ayahnya <a href="/wiki/Hafez_al-Assad" title="Hafez al-Assad">Hafez al-Assad</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-The_Sturdy_House_That_Assad_Built_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Sturdy_House_That_Assad_Built-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> yang menjabat dari tahun 1971 hingga 2000. Sepanjang pemerintahannya, Suriah dan Partai Ba'ath yang berkuasa telah dikutuk dan dikritik karena berbagai <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hak_Asasi_Manusia_di_Suriah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hak Asasi Manusia di Suriah (halaman belum tersedia)">pelanggaran hak asasi manusia</a>, termasuk seringnya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hukuman_mati_di_Suriah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hukuman mati di Suriah (halaman belum tersedia)">eksekusi</a> terhadap warga negara dan tahanan politik, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sensor_internet_di_Suriah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sensor internet di Suriah (halaman belum tersedia)">penyensoran</a> besar-besaran.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sejak Maret 2011, Suriah telah terlibat dalam <a href="/wiki/Perang_Saudara_Suriah" title="Perang Saudara Suriah">perang saudara multi-sisi</a>, dengan sejumlah negara di kawasan dan di luar yang <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keterlibatan_asing_dalam_perang_saudara_Suriah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keterlibatan asing dalam perang saudara Suriah (halaman belum tersedia)">terlibat secara militer</a> atau sebaliknya. Akibatnya, sejumlah entitas politik yang memproklamirkan diri telah muncul di wilayah Suriah, diantaranya <a href="/wiki/Oposisi_Suriah" title="Oposisi Suriah">Oposisi Suriah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rojava" title="Rojava">Rojava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tahrir_al-Sham" class="mw-redirect" title="Tahrir al-Sham">Tahrir al-Sham</a> dan kelompok <a href="/wiki/Negara_Islam_Irak_dan_Syam" title="Negara Islam Irak dan Syam">Negara Islam</a>. Suriah menduduki peringkat terakhir pada <a href="/wiki/Indeks_Perdamaian_Global" title="Indeks Perdamaian Global">Indeks Perdamaian Global</a> dari 2016 hingga 2018,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> menjadikannya negara paling kejam di dunia karena perang. Konflik tersebut telah menewaskan lebih dari 570.000 orang,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> menyebabkan 7,6 juta pengungsi internal (perkiraan <a href="/wiki/Komisioner_Tinggi_Perserikatan_Bangsa-Bangsa_untuk_Pengungsi" title="Komisioner Tinggi Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa untuk Pengungsi">UNHCR</a> Juli 2015) dan lebih dari 5 juta <a href="/wiki/Pengungsi_Perang_Saudara_Suriah" title="Pengungsi Perang Saudara Suriah">pengungsi</a> (Juli 2017 terdaftar oleh UNHCR),<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> membuat sensus populasi menjadi sulit dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. </p><p>Selama periode Desember 2024, pemerintahan Presiden <a href="/wiki/Bashar_al-Assad" title="Bashar al-Assad">Bashar al-Assad</a> diguncang sejumlah pemberontakan di Suriah. Kelompok pemberontak Suriah, Hayat <a href="/wiki/Tahrir_al-Sham" class="mw-redirect" title="Tahrir al-Sham">Tahrir al-Sham</a> telah menguasai beberapa kota penting, dari Aleppo, Hama, Homs dan terakhir <a href="/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus">Damaskus</a> setelah pemberontak berhasil merangsek masuk menduduki ibu kota Damaskus dalam 24 jam terakhir.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Presiden <a href="/wiki/Bashar_al-Assad" title="Bashar al-Assad">Assad</a> juga dilaporkan telah meninggalkan Suriah menggunakan pesawat dari bandara Damaskus setelah sempat diincar pemberontak Suriah.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Suriah" title="Sejarah Suriah">Sejarah Suriah</a></div> <p>Suriah tampaknya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nama_Suriah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nama Suriah (halaman belum tersedia)">datang</a> dari nama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekaisaran_Neo-Asiria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kekaisaran Neo-Asiria (halaman belum tersedia)">Kekaisaran Neo-Asiria</a> yang didirikan pada abad ke-10 SM. Suriah modern meraih kemerdekaan pada 1946 setelah masa penjajahan Prancis (1917–20) dan Mandat (1920-1946). Pada 1958, Republik Suriah menjadi bagian dari <a href="/wiki/Republik_Arab_Bersatu" title="Republik Arab Bersatu">Republik Arab Bersatu</a> namun pada 1961 menarik diri dari federasi tersebut. Dari 1963, <a href="/wiki/Republik_Arab_Suriah" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Arab Suriah">Republik Arab Suriah</a> telah dikuasai oleh <a href="/wiki/Partai_Ba%27ath_(Suriah)" class="mw-redirect" title="Partai Ba'ath (Suriah)">Ba'ath</a> dengan keluarga Assad secara eksklusif dari 1970. Suriah saat ini menghadapi perseteruan antara pasukan-pasukan yang saling bersaing dalam <a href="/wiki/Perang_Saudara_Suriah" title="Perang Saudara Suriah">Perang Saudara Suriah</a>. </p><p>Sejarah kawasan tersebut terbagi dalam periode-periode berikut ini, </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syam_Prasejarah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syam Prasejarah (halaman belum tersedia)">Syam Prasejarah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timur_Dekat_Kuno" title="Timur Dekat Kuno">Timur Dekat Kuno</a>: lihat, <a href="/wiki/Ebla" title="Ebla">Ebla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mitanni" title="Mitanni">Mitanni</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekaisaran_Neo-Asiria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kekaisaran Neo-Asiria (halaman belum tersedia)">Kekaisaran Neo-Asiria</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Negara-negara_Siro-Hittite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Negara-negara Siro-Hittite (halaman belum tersedia)">negara-negara Siro-Hittite</a></li> <li>Zaman Klasik: <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Neo-Babilonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Neo-Babilonia">Kekaisaran Neo-Babilonia</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eber-Nari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eber-Nari (halaman belum tersedia)">Suriah Achaemenid</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coele-Syria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coele-Syria (halaman belum tersedia)">Suriah Helenistik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suriah_Romawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Suriah Romawi">Suriah Romawi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Parthia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Parthia">Kekaisaran Parthia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah" title="Kekaisaran Sasaniyah">Kekaisaran Sasaniyah</a></li> <li>Abad Pertengahan: <a href="/wiki/Penaklukan_Suriah_oleh_Muslim" title="Penaklukan Suriah oleh Muslim">Penaklukan Suriah oleh Muslim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kekhalifahan_Umayyah" title="Kekhalifahan Umayyah">Kekhalifahan Umayyah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Seljuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Seljuk">Kekaisaran Seljuk</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Negara_Edessa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Negara Edessa (halaman belum tersedia)">Negara Edessa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kepangeranan_Antiokhia" title="Kepangeranan Antiokhia">Kepangeranan Antiokhia</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Invasi_Suriah_oleh_Mongol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Invasi Suriah oleh Mongol (halaman belum tersedia)">Invasi Suriah oleh Mongol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilkhanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Ilkhanate">Ilkhanate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Mamluk_(Kairo)" title="Kesultanan Mamluk (Kairo)">Kesultanan Mamluk (Kairo)</a></li> <li>Zaman Modern awal: lihat <a href="/wiki/Suriah_Utsmaniyah" title="Suriah Utsmaniyah">Suriah Utsmaniyah</a>,</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_Suriah_modern&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah Suriah modern (halaman belum tersedia)">Sejarah Suriah modern</a>: lihat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah_Mandar_Prancis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suriah Mandar Prancis (halaman belum tersedia)">Suriah Mandar Prancis</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Republik_Suriah_(1930%E2%80%931958)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Republik Suriah (1930–1958) (halaman belum tersedia)">Republik Suriah (1930–1958)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kudeta_Suriah_1963" title="Kudeta Suriah 1963">Kudeta Suriah 1963</a>, <a href="/wiki/Partai_Ba%27ath_(faksi_pimpinan_Suriah)" class="mw-redirect" title="Partai Ba'ath (faksi pimpinan Suriah)">Partai Ba'ath (faksi pimpinan Suriah)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perang_Saudara_Suriah" title="Perang Saudara Suriah">Perang Saudara Suriah</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografi">Geografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Geografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Geografi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Geografi_Suriah" title="Geografi Suriah">Geografi Suriah</a></div> <p>Suriah terletak di <a href="/wiki/Asia_Barat" title="Asia Barat">Asia Barat</a>, bersebelahan dengan Laut Mediterania, antara <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Turki" title="Turki">Turki</a>. Suriah terdiri dari dataran tinggi kering, meskipun bagian barat lautnya yang bersebelahan dengan Laut Tengah cukup hijau. <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Eufrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Sungai Eufrat">Sungai Eufrat</a>, sungai paling penting di Suriah, melintasi negara ini di timur. Negara ini dianggap sebagai salah satu dari lima belas negara yang dianggap termasuk kedalam "tempat berawalnya tamadun" (cradle of civilization). </p><p>Kota besar termasuk ibu kota negara <a href="/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus">Damaskus</a> di barat daya, <a href="/wiki/Aleppo" title="Aleppo">Aleppo</a> di utara, dan <a href="/wiki/Homs" title="Homs">Homs</a>. Kebanyakan kota penting lain terletak di sepanjang pesisir. </p><p>Iklim di Syria panas dan kering, meskipun musim dingin termasuk ringan. Dikarenakan kondisi ketinggian negara ini, terkadang terjadi hujan salju pada saat musim dingin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Keadaan_iklim">Keadaan iklim</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Keadaan iklim" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Keadaan iklim"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sepanjang <a href="/wiki/Barat" title="Barat">barat</a> <a href="/wiki/Gunung" title="Gunung">gunung</a> <a href="/wiki/Pantai" title="Pantai">pantai</a>, Suriah beriklim mediteranian, sebagaimana di daerah beriklim mediterania lain, di sana ada musim kering yang panjang dari <a href="/wiki/Bulan" title="Bulan">bulan</a> <a href="/wiki/Mei" title="Mei">Mei</a> ke bulan <a href="/wiki/Oktober" title="Oktober">Oktober</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hujan" title="Hujan">Hujan</a> <a href="/wiki/Musim_panas" title="Musim panas">musim panas</a> sangatlah jarang terjadi di Suriah. Di pantai, musim panas sangat panas dan <a href="/wiki/Kelembapan" title="Kelembapan">lembap</a>, dengan <a href="/wiki/Suhu" title="Suhu">suhu</a> rata-rata 29<a href="/wiki/Celcius" class="mw-redirect" title="Celcius">°C</a>, ketika musim <a href="/wiki/Dingin" title="Dingin">dingin</a>, daerah ini mempunyai suhu minimal harian 10 °C.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_in_Syria_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_in_Syria-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ini hanya <a href="/wiki/Wilayah" title="Wilayah">wilayah</a> yang musim panasnya dingin di Suriah, adalah tempat dengan <a href="/wiki/Ketinggian" class="mw-redirect" title="Ketinggian">ketinggian</a> di atas 600 <a href="/wiki/Meter" title="Meter">meter</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slunfeh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slunfeh (halaman belum tersedia)">Slunfeh</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bludan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bludan (halaman belum tersedia)">Bludan</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mashtan_al_Helou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mashtan al Helou (halaman belum tersedia)">Mashtan al Helou</a> adalah lokasi wisata favorit penduduk lokal.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_in_Syria_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_in_Syria-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Di <a href="/wiki/Aleppo" title="Aleppo">Aleppo</a>, di arah utara-barat, suhu rata-rata pada bulan <a href="/wiki/Agustus" title="Agustus">Agustus</a> adalah 30 °C, sedangkan pada bulan <a href="/wiki/Januari" title="Januari">Januari</a> suhunya sekitar 4,4 °C dan di Damaskus sangat mirip.<sup id="cite_ref-Climate_in_Syria_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate_in_Syria-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politik">Politik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Politik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Politik"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Politik_Suriah" title="Politik Suriah">Politik Suriah</a></div> <p><b>Politik <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Suriah</a></b> menggunakan bentuk <a href="/wiki/Republik" title="Republik">republik</a> <a href="/wiki/Sistem_semipresidensial" title="Sistem semipresidensial">Semi Presidensial</a> dengan <a href="/wiki/Sistem_multipartai" title="Sistem multipartai">multi partai</a>. Keluarga Presiden <a href="/wiki/Bashar_al-Assad" title="Bashar al-Assad">Bashar al-Assad</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Partai_Sosialis_Arab_Ba%27ath_%E2%80%93_Kawasan_Suriah" class="mw-redirect" title="Partai Sosialis Arab Ba'ath – Kawasan Suriah">Partai Sosialis Arab Ba'ath</a> menguasai dunia perpolitikan Suriah sejak <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerakan_Korektif_Suriah_1970&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerakan Korektif Suriah 1970 (halaman belum tersedia)">Gerakan Korektif Suriah 1970</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CIA_-_The_World_Factbook_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIA_-_The_World_Factbook-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Zirulnick_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zirulnick-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hingga tahap awal <a href="/wiki/Perang_Saudara_Suriah" title="Perang Saudara Suriah">Perang Saudara Suriah</a>, presiden memiliki wewenang <a href="/wiki/Dekret" class="mw-redirect" title="Dekret">dekrit</a> yang luas dan tidak terkendali di bawah <a href="/wiki/Keadaan_darurat" title="Keadaan darurat">keadaan darurat</a> yang sudah berlangsung lama. Akhir dari keadaan darurat ini adalah permintaan utama dari oposisi, dan keputusan ini harus disetujui oleh Dewan Rakyat, legislatif negara.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Partai Ba'ath adalah partai yang berkuasa di Suriah dan konstitusi Suriah tahun 1973 sebelumnya menyatakan bahwa "Partai Ba'ath Sosialis Arab memimpin masyarakat dan negara." Setidaknya 167 kursi dari 250 anggota parlemen menjadi Front Progresif Nasional, yang merupakan koalisi Partai Ba'ath dan beberapa partai sekutu yang jauh lebih kecil.<sup id="cite_ref-Zirulnick_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zirulnick-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Konstitusi Suriah baru tahun 2012 memperkenalkan sistem multi-partai berdasarkan prinsip pluralisme politik tanpa jaminan kepemimpinan dari partai politik mana pun. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pembagian_administratif">Pembagian administratif</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Pembagian administratif" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pembagian administratif"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Pembagian_administratif_Suriah" title="Pembagian administratif Suriah">Pembagian administratif Suriah</a></div> <p>Suriah dibagi menjadi 14 <a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_di_Suriah" title="Kegubernuran di Suriah">kegubernuran</a>, yang dibagi menjadi 61 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Distrik_di_Suriah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Distrik di Suriah (halaman belum tersedia)">distrik</a>, yang selanjutnya dibagi menjadi sub-distrik. <a href="/wiki/Rojava" title="Rojava">Federasi Demokratik Suriah Utara</a>, meskipun otonom de facto, tidak diakui oleh Republik Arab Suriah..<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table border="0" cellpadding="3"> <tbody><tr> <th>Peta </th> <th>Nomor</th> <th>Kegubernuran</th> <th>Ibu kota </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="15"><span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Syria,_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Syria%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg/362px-Syria%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg.png" decoding="async" width="362" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Syria%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg/543px-Syria%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Syria%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg/724px-Syria%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="922" data-file-height="762" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Latakia" title="Kegubernuran Latakia">Latakia</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Latakia" title="Latakia">Latakia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Idlib" title="Kegubernuran Idlib">Idlib</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Idlib" title="Idlib">Idlib</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Aleppo" title="Kegubernuran Aleppo">Aleppo</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aleppo" title="Aleppo">Aleppo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Ar-Raqqah" title="Kegubernuran Ar-Raqqah">Ar-Raqqah</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ar-Raqqah" title="Ar-Raqqah">Ar-Raqqa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Al-Hasakah" title="Kegubernuran Al-Hasakah">Al-Hasakah</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Al-Hasakah" title="Al-Hasakah">Al-Hasakah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Tartus" title="Kegubernuran Tartus">Tartus</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tartus" title="Tartus">Tartus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Hama" title="Kegubernuran Hama">Hama</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hama" title="Hama">Hama</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Dayr_az-Zawr" title="Kegubernuran Dayr az-Zawr">Dayr az-Zawr</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor" class="mw-redirect" title="Deir ez-Zor">Dayr az-Zawr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Homs" title="Kegubernuran Homs">Homs</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Homs" title="Homs">Homs</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Damaskus" title="Kegubernuran Damaskus">Damaskus</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Damascus" class="mw-redirect" title="Damascus">Damaskus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Rif_Dimashq" class="mw-redirect" title="Kegubernuran Rif Dimashq">Rif Dimashq</a></td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Quneitra" title="Kegubernuran Quneitra">Quneitra</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Quneitra" title="Quneitra">Quneitra</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_Daraa" title="Kegubernuran Daraa">Daraa</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Daraa" title="Daraa">Daraa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>14</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kegubernuran_As-Suwayda" title="Kegubernuran As-Suwayda">Al-Suwayda</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Suwayda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Suwayda (halaman belum tersedia)">Al-Suwayda</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ekonomi">Ekonomi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Ekonomi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ekonomi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pada 2015, ekonomi Suriah bergantung pada sumber pendapatan yang tidak dapat diandalkan secara inheren seperti menyusutnya <a href="/wiki/Bea" title="Bea">bea</a> <a href="/wiki/Cukai" title="Cukai">cukai</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Pajak" title="Pajak">pajak</a> penghasilan yang sangat didukung oleh jalur kredit dari <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>. Iran diyakini menghabiskan antara $ 6 miliar dan US $ 20 miliar setahun untuk Suriah selama <a href="/wiki/Perang_Saudara_Suriah" title="Perang Saudara Suriah">Perang Saudara Suriah</a>. Ekonomi Suriah telah berkontraksi 60% dan <a href="/wiki/Pound_Suriah" title="Pound Suriah">pound Suriah</a> telah kehilangan 80% nilainya, dengan ekonomi menjadi bagian <a href="/wiki/Badan_usaha_milik_negara" title="Badan usaha milik negara">badan usaha milik negara</a> dan sebagian <a href="/wiki/Ekonomi_perang" title="Ekonomi perang">ekonomi perang</a>. Pada awal Perang Saudara Suriah yang sedang berlangsung, Suriah diklasifikasikan oleh <a href="/wiki/Bank_Dunia" title="Bank Dunia">Bank Dunia</a> sebagai "negara berpenghasilan menengah ke bawah". Pada tahun 2010, Suriah tetap bergantung pada sektor minyak dan pertanian. Sektor minyak memberikan sekitar 40% pendapatan ekspor. Ekspedisi lepas pantai yang terbukti menunjukkan bahwa ada sejumlah besar minyak di dasar <a href="/wiki/Laut_Tengah" title="Laut Tengah">Laut Mediterania</a> antara Suriah dan <a href="/wiki/Siprus" title="Siprus">Siprus</a>. Sektor pertanian menyumbang sekitar 20% dari <a href="/wiki/Produk_domestik_bruto" title="Produk domestik bruto">PDB</a> dan 20% lapangan kerja. Cadangan minyak diperkirakan akan menurun di tahun-tahun mendatang dan Suriah telah menjadi pengimpor minyak netto. Sejak perang saudara dimulai, ekonomi menyusut hingga 35%, dan pound Suriah telah jatuh hingga seperenam dari nilai sebelum perang. Pemerintah semakin mengandalkan kredit dari <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Tiongkok" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2" style=""> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://almashhad.com/article/773112298002792-News/191647995589717-%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%AA%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AF/">https://almashhad.com/article/773112298002792-News/191647995589717-%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%AA%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AF/</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/syria/">"Explore all countries–Syria"</a>. <i>World Fact Book</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">8 Desember</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+Fact+Book&rft.atitle=Explore+all+countries%E2%80%93Syria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fsyria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIA-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/syria/#people-and-society">"Syria"</a>. <i>The World Factbook</i>. Central Intelligence Agency<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Syria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fsyria%2F%23people-and-society&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/">"World Bank GINI index"</a>. World Bank<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Bank+GINI+index&rft.pub=World+Bank&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.worldbank.org%2Findicator%2FSI.POV.GINI%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HDI-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HDI_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf">"Human Development Report 2021/2022"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> (dalam bahasa Inggris). <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Development Programme">United Nations Development Programme</a>. 8 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Human+Development+Report+2021%2F2022&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft.date=2022-09-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2Fglobal-report-document%2Fhdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Gammer, Moshe (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5CVBWjMAtLEC"><i>The Caspian Region: The Caucasus</i></a>. <b>2</b>. Routledge. hlm. 64. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-203-00512-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-203-00512-5">978-0-203-00512-5</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230211033935/https://books.google.com/books?id=5CVBWjMAtLEC">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2023-02-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2022-04-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Caspian+Region%3A+The+Caucasus&rft.pages=64&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-203-00512-5&rft.aulast=Gammer&rft.aufirst=Moshe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5CVBWjMAtLEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arab.de/arabinfo/syria.htm">"Ibukota Suriah"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/URL" class="mw-redirect" title="URL">URL</a>)</span>. 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090306053640/http://arab.de/arabinfo/syria.htm">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2009-03-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal 19 Juni</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ibukota+Suriah&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arab.de%2Farabinfo%2Fsyria.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|accessyear=</code> yang tidak diketahui mengabaikan (<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=</code> yang disarankan) (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored_suggest" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>); </span><span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|accessdate=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_date" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT_Arab_League-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT_Arab_League_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">MacFarquhar, Neil (12 November 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/13/world/middleeast/arab-league-votes-to-suspend-syria-over-its-crackdown-on-protesters.html">"Arab League Votes to Suspend Syria"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111113011207/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/13/world/middleeast/arab-league-votes-to-suspend-syria-over-its-crackdown-on-protesters.html">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2011-11-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">12 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Arab+League+Votes+to+Suspend+Syria&rft.date=2011-11-12&rft.aulast=MacFarquhar&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F11%2F13%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Farab-league-votes-to-suspend-syria-over-its-crackdown-on-protesters.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNN_OIC-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CNN_OIC_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2012/08/13/world/meast/syria-unrest/index.html?hpt=hp_t1">"Regional group votes to suspend Syria; rebels claim downing of jet"</a>. CNN. 14 August 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120815211356/http://edition.cnn.com/2012/08/13/world/meast/syria-unrest/index.html?hpt=hp_t1">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2012-08-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Regional+group+votes+to+suspend+Syria%3B+rebels+claim+downing+of+jet&rft.date=2012-08-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2012%2F08%2F13%2Fworld%2Fmeast%2Fsyria-unrest%2Findex.html%3Fhpt%3Dhp_t1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-12/01/c_131282989.htm">"Syria suspends its membership in Mediterranean union"</a>. Xinhua News Agency. 1 December 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170114090043/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-12/01/c_131282989.htm">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2017-01-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2022-04-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Syria+suspends+its+membership+in+Mediterranean+union&rft.date=2012-12-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.xinhuanet.com%2Fenglish2010%2Fworld%2F2011-12%2F01%2Fc_131282989.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061111111827/http://ancientneareast.tripod.com/Ramad.html">"Neolithic Tell Ramad in the Damascus Basin of Syria"</a>. Archive. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ancientneareast.tripod.com/Ramad.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 11 November 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Neolithic+Tell+Ramad+in+the+Damascus+Basin+of+Syria&rft.pub=Archive&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fancientneareast.tripod.com%2FRamad.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Sturdy_House_That_Assad_Built-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Sturdy_House_That_Assad_Built_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation magazine">Michael Bröning (7 March 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67561/michael-broening/the-sturdy-house-that-assad-built">"The Sturdy House That Assad Built"</a>. The Foreign Affairs. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110507025111/http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67561/michael-broening/the-sturdy-house-that-assad-built">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2011-05-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2022-04-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Sturdy+House+That+Assad+Built&rft.date=2011-03-07&rft.au=Michael+Br%C3%B6ning&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.foreignaffairs.com%2Farticles%2F67561%2Fmichael-broening%2Fthe-sturdy-house-that-assad-built&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2019/country-chapters/syria">"World Report 2019: Rights Trends in Syria"</a>. Human Rights Watch. 17 December 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191031220356/https://www.hrw.org/world-report/2019/country-chapters/syria">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2019-10-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2022-04-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Report+2019%3A+Rights+Trends+in+Syria&rft.pub=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.date=2018-12-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fworld-report%2F2019%2Fcountry-chapters%2Fsyria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ohchr.org/En/HRBodies/HRC/IICISyria/Pages/IndependentInternationalCommission.aspx">"OHCHR | IICISyria Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic"</a>. <i>www.ohchr.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130222060625/https://www.ohchr.org/En/HRBodies/HRC/IICISyria/Pages/IndependentInternationalCommission.aspx">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2013-02-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2020-10-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ohchr.org&rft.atitle=OHCHR+%7C+IICISyria+Independent+International+Commission+of+Inquiry+on+the+Syrian+Arab+Republic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ohchr.org%2FEn%2FHRBodies%2FHRC%2FIICISyria%2FPages%2FIndependentInternationalCommission.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Humanity, Vision of. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://visionofhumanity.org/indexes/global-peace-index/">"Global Peace Index"</a>. <i>Vision of Humanity</i> (dalam bahasa Inggris). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190619080402/http://visionofhumanity.org/indexes/global-peace-index/">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2019-06-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2019-10-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vision+of+Humanity&rft.atitle=Global+Peace+Index&rft.aulast=Humanity&rft.aufirst=Vision+of&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvisionofhumanity.org%2Findexes%2Fglobal-peace-index%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=120851">"More than 570 thousand people were killed on the Syrian territory within 8 years of revolution demanding freedom, democracy, justice, and equality • The Syrian Observatory For Human Rights"</a>. 15 March 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191012115333/http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=120851">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2019-10-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2022-04-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=More+than+570+thousand+people+were+killed+on+the+Syrian+territory+within+8+years+of+revolution+demanding+freedom%2C+democracy%2C+justice%2C+and+equality+%E2%80%A2+The+Syrian+Observatory+For+Human+Rights&rft.date=2019-03-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.syriahr.com%2Fen%2F%3Fp%3D120851&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">(UNHCR), United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180219072255/http://www.data.unhcr.org/syrianrefugees/regional.php">"UNHCR Syria Regional Refugee Response"</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.unhcr.org/syrianrefugees/regional.php">versi asli</a> tanggal 19 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UNHCR+Syria+Regional+Refugee+Response&rft.aulast=%28UNHCR%29&rft.aufirst=United+Nations+High+Commissioner+for+Refugees&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.unhcr.org%2Fsyrianrefugees%2Fregional.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Media, Kompas Cyber (2024-12-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kompas.com/global/read/2024/12/08/112813970/pemerintahan-presiden-suriah-bashar-al-assad-tumbang-damaskus-dikuasai">"Pemerintahan Presiden Suriah Bashar al Assad Tumbang, Damaskus Dikuasai Pemberontak"</a>. <i>KOMPAS.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2024-12-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KOMPAS.com&rft.atitle=Pemerintahan+Presiden+Suriah+Bashar+al+Assad+Tumbang%2C+Damaskus+Dikuasai+Pemberontak&rft.date=2024-12-08&rft.aulast=Media&rft.aufirst=Kompas+Cyber&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kompas.com%2Fglobal%2Fread%2F2024%2F12%2F08%2F112813970%2Fpemerintahan-presiden-suriah-bashar-al-assad-tumbang-damaskus-dikuasai&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Redaksi, Tim. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20241208201924-4-594295/kronologi-pemberontak-kuasai-suriah-bikin-presiden-assad-kabur">"Kronologi Pemberontak Kuasai Suriah, Bikin Presiden Assad Kabur"</a>. <i>CNBC Indonesia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2024-12-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNBC+Indonesia&rft.atitle=Kronologi+Pemberontak+Kuasai+Suriah%2C+Bikin+Presiden+Assad+Kabur&rft.aulast=Redaksi&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbcindonesia.com%2Fnews%2F20241208201924-4-594295%2Fkronologi-pemberontak-kuasai-suriah-bikin-presiden-assad-kabur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Purwanti, Teti. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20241208131311-4-594246/detik-detik-presiden-suriah-assad-kabur-naik-pesawat">"Detik-Detik Presiden Suriah Assad Kabur Naik Pesawat"</a>. <i>CNBC Indonesia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2024-12-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNBC+Indonesia&rft.atitle=Detik-Detik+Presiden+Suriah+Assad+Kabur+Naik+Pesawat&rft.aulast=Purwanti&rft.aufirst=Teti&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbcindonesia.com%2Fnews%2F20241208131311-4-594246%2Fdetik-detik-presiden-suriah-assad-kabur-naik-pesawat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Climate_in_Syria-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Climate_in_Syria_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Climate_in_Syria_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Climate_in_Syria_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.syriagate.com/Syria/about/geography/climate.htm">"<span style="padding-left:0.2em;">"</span>Climate in Syria<span style="padding-right:0.2em;">"</span>"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/URL" class="mw-redirect" title="URL">URL</a>)</span>. 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal 19 Juni</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Climate+in+Syria%22&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.syriagate.com%2FSyria%2Fabout%2Fgeography%2Fclimate.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|accessdate=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_date" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIA_-_The_World_Factbook-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CIA_-_The_World_Factbook_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171229122345/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sy.html">"The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency"</a>. <i>www.cia.gov</i>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sy.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2017-12-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.cia.gov&rft.atitle=The+World+Factbook+%E2%80%94+Central+Intelligence+Agency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fsy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zirulnick-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zirulnick_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zirulnick_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2011/0429/Syria-101-4-attributes-of-Assad-s-authoritarian-regime/What-type-of-government-does-Syria-have">Syria 101: 4 attributes of Assad's authoritarian regime</a> - Ariel Zirulnick</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/insidestory/2011/04/201141811610800805.html">Syria's state of emergency</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130524170237/http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/insidestory/2011/04/201141811610800805.html">Diarsipkan</a> 2013-05-24 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., Al Jazeera, 17 April 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geonames.org/img/country/400/SY.png">"Syria Map With 1S0-3166-2 Country Code"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/URL" class="mw-redirect" title="URL">URL</a>)</span>. 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120119094548/http://www.geonames.org/img/country/400/SY.png">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2012-01-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal 19 Juni</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syria+Map+With+1S0-3166-2+Country+Code&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geonames.org%2Fimg%2Fcountry%2F400%2FSY.png&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Periksa nilai tanggal di: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|accessdate=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_date" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bacaan_lebih_lanjut">Bacaan lebih lanjut</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Bacaan lebih lanjut" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suriah&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Bacaan lebih lanjut"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFvan_Dam2011" class="citation">van Dam, Nikolaos (2011), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.themontrealreview.com/2009/The-struggle-for-power-in-Syria-Nikolaos-van-Dam.php"><i>The Struggle for Power in Syria: Politics and Society under Asad and the Ba'ath Party</i></a>, I. B. Tauris</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Struggle+for+Power+in+Syria%3A+Politics+and+Society+under+Asad+and+the+Ba%27ath+Party&rft.pub=I.+B.+Tauris&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=van+Dam&rft.aufirst=Nikolaos&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.themontrealreview.com%2F2009%2FThe-struggle-for-power-in-Syria-Nikolaos-van-Dam.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite class="citation book">Dawisha, A. I. (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/syrialebanesecri0000dawi"><i>Syria and the Lebanese Crisis</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-312-78203-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-312-78203-0">978-0-312-78203-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Syria+and+the+Lebanese+Crisis&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=978-0-312-78203-0&rft.aulast=Dawisha&rft.aufirst=A.+I.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsyrialebanesecri0000dawi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLawson2010" class="citation">Lawson, Fred H (2010), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.themontrealreview.com/2009/Demystifying-Syria.php"><i>Demystifying Syria</i></a>, Saqi</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Demystifying+Syria&rft.pub=Saqi&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Lawson&rft.aufirst=Fred+H&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.themontrealreview.com%2F2009%2FDemystifying-Syria.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite class="citation book">Maoz, M. (1986). Yaniv, A, ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/syriaunderassadd0000unse"><i>Syria Under Assad</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-312-78206-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-312-78206-1">978-0-312-78206-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Syria+Under+Assad&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-0-312-78206-1&rft.aulast=Maoz&rft.aufirst=M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsyriaunderassadd0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Paton, L. B. (1981). <i>The Early History of Syria and Palestine</i>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-113-53822-2" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-113-53822-2">978-1-113-53822-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Early+History+of+Syria+and+Palestine&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=978-1-113-53822-2&rft.aulast=Paton&rft.aufirst=L.+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Sahner, Christian C. (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://global.oup.com/academic/product/among-the-ruins-9780199396702;jsessionid=096DE7B7596EB6555D9A4B94D99A8333?cc=us&lang=en&"><i>Among the Ruins: Syria Past and Present</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-19-939670-2" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-19-939670-2">978-0-19-939670-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Among+the+Ruins%3A+Syria+Past+and+Present&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-19-939670-2&rft.aulast=Sahner&rft.aufirst=Christian+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fglobal.oup.com%2Facademic%2Fproduct%2Famong-the-ruins-9780199396702%3Bjsessionid%3D096DE7B7596EB6555D9A4B94D99A8333%3Fcc%3Dus%26lang%3Den%26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSchlicht1980" class="citation">Schlicht, Alfred (1980), "The role of foreign powers in the history of Lebanon and Syria from 1799 to 1861", <i>Journal of Asian History</i>, <b>14</b></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Asian+History&rft.atitle=The+role+of+foreign+powers+in+the+history+of+Lebanon+and+Syria+from+1799+to+1861&rft.volume=14&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Schlicht&rft.aufirst=Alfred&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite class="citation book">Seale, Patrick (1987). <i>The Struggle for Syria</i>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-300-03944-3" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-300-03944-3">978-0-300-03944-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Struggle+for+Syria&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-300-03944-3&rft.aulast=Seale&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ASuriah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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