Wilson Center

<!doctype html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#" style="--col-width: 20px; --scrollbar-width: 15px;"> <head> <link rel="preload" crossorigin="anonymous" as="font" href="https://www.wilsoncenter.org/themes/custom/wilson/assets/fonts/icomoon.woff2?t3k0yi"> <link rel="preconnect" crossorigin="anonymous" href="//use.typekit.net"> <link rel="preconnect" crossorigin="anonymous" href="//p.typekit.net"> <link rel="preconnect" crossorigin="anonymous" href="//www.google-analytics.com"> <link rel="preconnect" crossorigin="anonymous" href="//www.google.com"> <link rel="preconnect" crossorigin="anonymous" href="//stats.g.doubleclick.net"> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_K1wu8MVky909qL1Kvo0whd2plXtXy4AFF1xDRmM8td8.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=wilson&include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpz8wpzs_Th1AwXm5qcXFiemqxTmppfHJ-fnZmKpDKLcjJTMxLTtXHJhiflFiUCgAR9SMA" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://use.typekit.net/xqj3oyw.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_9sM-uTQLzla94loiOKB6065b9PNTMTo1wlVWwLXGOG0.css?delta=2&language=en&theme=wilson&include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpz8wpzs_Th1AwXm5qcXFiemqxTmppfHJ-fnZmKpDKLcjJTMxLTtXHJhiflFiUCgAR9SMA" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//use.typekit.net/waq7naz.css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//cloud.typenetwork.com/projects/3888/fontface.css/" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_eRCncosyROSQ8vH3WWTCL7tVS3RWMiTYl_priCP-Cfo.css?delta=5&language=en&theme=wilson&include=eJwrriwuSc3VT0osTtUpz8wpzs_Th1AwXm5qcXFiemqxTmppfHJ-fnZmKpDKLcjJTMxLTtXHJhiflFiUCgAR9SMA" /> <title>Wilson Center</title> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta name="description" content="Independent Research, Open Dialogue & Actionable Ideas" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.wilsoncenter.org/" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.wilsoncenter.org/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Wilson Center" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.wilsoncenter.org/home" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Wilson Center" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Independent Research, Open Dialogue & Actionable Ideas" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.wilsoncenter.org/themes/custom/wilson/assets/images/og-image-wilson-center.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="630" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge" /> <link rel="icon" href="/core/misc/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/108849","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":true,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"eu_cookie_compliance":{"cookie_policy_version":"1.0.0","popup_enabled":true,"popup_agreed_enabled":false,"popup_hide_agreed":false,"popup_clicking_confirmation":false,"popup_scrolling_confirmation":false,"popup_html_info":"\u003Cdiv class=\u0022gdpr-alert -show-alert\u0022 data-bg-color=\u0022blue-800\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cp\u003EThis website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. View our \u003Ca href=\u0022\/privacy-policy\u0022\u003Eprivacy policy\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022agree-button eu-cookie-compliance-secondary-button btn-ghost -xsmall gdpr-alert-accept btn\u0022\u003EAccept\u003C\/button\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","use_mobile_message":false,"mobile_popup_html_info":"\u003Cdiv class=\u0022gdpr-alert -show-alert\u0022 data-bg-color=\u0022blue-800\u0022\u003E\n \n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022agree-button eu-cookie-compliance-secondary-button btn-ghost -xsmall gdpr-alert-accept btn\u0022\u003EAccept\u003C\/button\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","mobile_breakpoint":768,"popup_html_agreed":false,"popup_use_bare_css":true,"popup_height":"auto","popup_width":"100%","popup_delay":0,"popup_link":"\/privacy-policy","popup_link_new_window":true,"popup_position":false,"fixed_top_position":true,"popup_language":"en","store_consent":false,"better_support_for_screen_readers":true,"cookie_name":"wilson-gdpr-agreed","reload_page":false,"domain":"","domain_all_sites":false,"popup_eu_only":false,"popup_eu_only_js":false,"cookie_lifetime":100,"cookie_session":0,"set_cookie_session_zero_on_disagree":0,"disagree_do_not_show_popup":false,"method":"opt_in","automatic_cookies_removal":true,"allowed_cookies":"Drupal.visitor\r\nalert","withdraw_markup":"\u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-tab\u0022\u003EPrivacy policy\u003C\/button\u003E\n\u003Cdiv aria-labelledby=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-banner\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info eu-cookie-compliance-content\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-message\u0022 role=\u0022document\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cp\u003EThis website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. View our \u003Ca href=\u0022\/privacy-policy\u0022\u003Eprivacy policy\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003C\/p\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-button \u0022\u003EWithdraw consent\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","withdraw_enabled":false,"reload_options":0,"reload_routes_list":"","withdraw_button_on_info_popup":false,"cookie_categories":[],"cookie_categories_details":[],"enable_save_preferences_button":true,"cookie_value_disagreed":"0","cookie_value_agreed_show_thank_you":"1","cookie_value_agreed":"2","containing_element":"body","settings_tab_enabled":false,"olivero_primary_button_classes":"","olivero_secondary_button_classes":"","close_button_action":"close_banner","open_by_default":true,"modules_allow_popup":true,"hide_the_banner":false,"geoip_match":true},"wilson":{"services":{"googleTagManagerKey":"GTM-5DH9QL","googleOptimizeKey":false,"googleOptimizeKeyUA":false,"googleMapsKey":false,"siteImproveScript":false},"events":{"event-129136":{"debug":false,"id":"129136","title":"CANCELED - Documentary Screening: Artifact War","url":"\/event\/canceled-documentary-screening-artifact-war","hasVideo":false,"dtOffset":-14400000,"dtNowOverride":false,"dtStart":1743777000000,"dtEnd":1743784200000,"live":false,"liveOffset":300000}}},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"3223e3153a4258e521a13a4b5128fe5ba7a6ac6c191619d5c6267e50a68876d1"}}</script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_Q-zzYEg7Flb0RZk5whZpJNay7hTZfMAfYC3LyIz4EiQ.js?scope=header&delta=0&language=en&theme=wilson&include=eJwrz8wpzs_TLwdTOqml8cn5-dmZqUAqtyAnMzEvOVUfmyAAbAQWHQ"></script> <link rel="manifest" href="/themes/custom/wilson/assets/pwa/manifest.json?v=20210907" crossorigin="use-credentials"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/themes/custom/wilson/assets/pwa/icons/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/themes/custom/wilson/assets/pwa/icons/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/themes/custom/wilson/assets/pwa/icons/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/themes/custom/wilson/assets/pwa/icons/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#0e6ea6"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/themes/custom/wilson/assets/pwa/icons/favicon.ico"> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="/themes/custom/wilson/assets/pwa/browserconfig.xml"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#0e6ea6"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> </head> <body> <noscript> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5DH9QL" height="0" width="0" style="display:none; visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript> <a class="skiplink" href="#maincontent">Skip to main content</a> <div class="page-container"> <article class="live-now-alert js-live-now-alert js-live-now-alert-129136" role="dialog" data-hidden="true" data-bg-color="blue-800"> <div class="live-now-alert-inner"> <div class="live-now-alert-content"> <div class="live-now">Streaming</div> <div class="live-now-alert-title h5"><a href="/event/canceled-documentary-screening-artifact-war">CANCELED - Documentary Screening: Artifact War</a></div> </div> </div> <button type="button" class="btn-ghost -xsmall live-now-alert-expander js-live-now-alert-expander">More</button> </article> <header class="site-header js-site-header js-navigation" data-bp-desktop="1200"> <nav class="site-header-super-nav" aria-label="Media links & user actions"> <ul class="nav-list -flex--rw --r-gap-3"> <li class="item"> <a href="/events" class="line-link-thin--hover-only -white" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/10">Events</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/podcasts" class="line-link-thin--hover-only -white" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/114848">Podcasts</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/videos" class="line-link-thin--hover-only -white" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/125768">Videos</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/press-room" class="line-link-thin--hover-only -white" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/95625">Press Room</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="site-header-action-buttons -flex--rnw"> <li class="item subscribe"> <a href="https://engage.wilsoncenter.org/onlineactions/WpUYj9S_MkydZEXxsyWeYw2" target="_blank" class="btn-primary -bleed">Subscribe</a> </li> <li class="item support"> <a href="https://engage.wilsoncenter.org/onlineactions/KxzFKo0YTk2W8uYVKK5HKg2" target="_blank" class="btn-primary -bleed">Support</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <div class="site-header-main"> <nav class="site-header-main-nav js-site-header-main-nav" aria-label="Primary horizontal"> <ul data-level="1" class="nav-list js-nav-list"> <li class="item js-submenu-parent" data-children="true" data-expandable="true" data-expanded="false"> <button class="no-link js-no-link" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="menu">Topics & Regions</button> <button class="js-submenu-btn submenu-toggle-btn icon-chevron-down" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="submenu-toggle-1-1"> <span class="sr-text">Toggle sub-menu</span> </button> <ul data-level="2" class="nav-list js-nav-list js-submenu" id="submenu-toggle-1-1" data-dropdown-layout="4-col-text" aria-hidden="true" > <li class="item"> <span class="no-link">Topics</span> <ul data-level="3" class="nav-list" > <li class="item"> <a href="https://www.wilsonquarterly.com/quarterly/in-search-of-our-narratives" class="link">Winter WQ | In Search of Our Narratives</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/issue/artificial-intelligence" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/496">AI</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/issue/critical-minerals" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/1024">Critical Minerals</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/issue/great-power-competition" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/1244">Great Power Competition</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="https://www.wilsoncenter.org/ivan-duque-center-prosperity-and-freedom" class="link">Iván Duque Center for Prosperity and Freedom</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/refugee-and-forced-displacement-initiative" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/1031">Refugees and Forced Displacement</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/issue/supply-chains" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/1027">Supply Chains</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="https://ukraine.wilsoncenter.org/" class="link">Ukraine</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/issue/naftausmca" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/132">USMCA</a> </li> <li class="item -outro"> <a href="/topics-regions" class="link icon-arrow-forward--after" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2">View all topics</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item"> <span class="no-link">Regions</span> <ul data-level="3" class="nav-list" > <li class="item"> <a href="/region/arcticantarctic" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/362">Arctic/Antarctic</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/region/africa" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/285">Africa</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/region/asia" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/278">Asia</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/region/europe" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/266">Europe</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/region/latin-america" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/239">Latin America</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/region/middle-east-and-north-africa" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/231">Middle East and North Africa</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/region/north-america" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/212">North America</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/region/russia-and-eurasia" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/209">Russia and Eurasia</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item -outro"> <a href="/programs" class="link icon-arrow-forward--after" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/4">Our programs cover every region of the world</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item js-submenu-parent" data-children="true" data-expandable="true" data-expanded="false"> <button class="no-link js-no-link" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="menu">Events</button> <button class="js-submenu-btn submenu-toggle-btn icon-chevron-down" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="submenu-toggle-1-2"> <span class="sr-text">Toggle sub-menu</span> </button> <ul data-level="2" class="nav-list js-nav-list js-submenu" id="submenu-toggle-1-2" data-dropdown-layout="4-col-cards" aria-hidden="true" > <li class="item"><span class="no-link">Upcoming Events</span> <ul data-level="3" class="nav-list"> <li class="item"> <article class="card js-link-event" data-card-bg-color="blue-100"> <div class="card-inner"> <div class="card-main"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="tags"> <ul class="tags-list"> <li class="tag" data-category="online">Online</li> </ul> </div> <h2 class="title h5 -blue-600"> <a href="/event/protecting-maritime-security-and-stability-indo-pacific-challenges-united-states-and-japan" class="js-link-event-link">Protecting Maritime Security and Stability in the Indo-Pacific: Challenges for the United States and Japan </a> </h2> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li><li class="item"> <article class="card js-link-event" data-card-bg-color="blue-100"> <div class="card-inner"> <div class="card-main"> <div class="card-text"> <h2 class="title h5 -blue-600"> <a href="/event/behind-headlines-debunking-misconceptions-cryptocurrency-and-crime" class="js-link-event-link">Behind the Headlines: Debunking Misconceptions of Cryptocurrency and Crime</a> </h2> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item -outro"><a href="/events" class="link icon-arrow-forward--after" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/10">See all events</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="item" data-children="false" data-expandable="false" data-expanded="false"> <a href="/experts" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/11">Experts</a> </li> <li class="logo"> <a href="/" aria-label="Wilson Center"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 160 46"> <path class="pipe" d="m66.31.49h-1.74v45.16h1.74V.49Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <g class="text"> <path d="m129.45,16.04c0-5.34-7.68-4.05-7.68-6.3,0-.96.52-1.29,1.61-1.29.92,0,1.77.43,1.84,1.39l3.58-.03c-.2-3.15-2.62-4.21-5.45-4.21-2.36,0-5.74,1.33-5.74,4.31,0,3.35,2.4,3.91,4.96,4.58.79.2,2.72.7,2.72,1.82.03,1.09-.82,1.59-1.9,1.59-1.18,0-2.1-.63-2.2-1.72h-3.71c.07,3.28,2.79,4.58,5.91,4.58,2.49,0,6.07-1.59,6.07-4.71Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m137.85,20.71c4.4,0,7.02-3.08,7.02-7.59-.03-4.51-2.66-7.56-7.06-7.56s-6.99,3.08-6.99,7.59,2.62,7.56,7.02,7.56Zm-.03-12.33c2.46,0,2.89,2.45,2.89,4.74s-.39,4.74-2.85,4.74c-2.46.03-2.89-2.42-2.89-4.74s.39-4.74,2.85-4.74Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m159.93,11.26c0-.22,0-.55-.04-.93-.03-.46-.08-.86-.15-1.16-.05-.23-.15-.44-.26-.63-.21-.46-.52-.86-.91-1.19,0,0,0,0-.01-.01-.12-.1-.24-.2-.37-.29-.03-.02-.06-.04-.09-.06-.96-.65-2.13-.99-2.89-.99-2.07.03-3.35.86-4.17,2.12-.07.07-.07-.07-.07-.07l.03-1.89h-4v14.19h4s-.03-7.29-.03-8.36c0-.56.08-1.04.21-1.44.02-.04.03-.08.05-.12.01-.04.03-.07.05-.11.17-.35.39-.62.75-.88.49-.36,1.08-.53,1.71-.53.4,0,.74.1,1.05.26.87.57,1.09,1.75,1.12,2.82l-.03,8.36h4.04s.03,0,.03,0v-8.69s0-.05,0-.07v-.32Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m85.87,42.53c-2.92,0-3.68-4.41-3.68-7.16s.72-7.2,3.64-7.2c2.46,0,3.71,1.66,3.68,3.71h4.33c-.2-4.91-3.64-6.73-8.04-6.73-5.55.03-8.04,4.51-8.01,10.25.03,5.7,2.53,10.21,8.07,10.18,4.4-.03,7.84-1.89,8.01-6.8h-4.36c.03,2.09-1.18,3.75-3.64,3.75Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m108.22,36.56c-.1-.86-.29-1.72-.66-2.49-1.12-2.45-3.18-3.35-5.68-3.35-4.07,0-6.4,3.22-6.4,7.43,0,4.68,1.84,7.36,6.4,7.36,3.08,0,5.68-1.13,6-4.58h-3.58c-.36,1.29-1.05,1.82-2.43,1.82-2.07,0-2.3-1.69-2.3-3.51h8.73c0-.93,0-1.82-.1-2.69Zm-8.63-.1c.03-1.53.43-2.95,2.26-2.95,1.94,0,2.33,1.43,2.33,2.95h-4.59Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m131.48,27.21l-4,1.49v2.72l-2.69-.03v2.72h2.69l.03,6.76c0,2.98.69,4.64,3.81,4.64.56,0,2.69-.2,3.15-.43v-2.42c-.43.03-.85.1-1.28.1-1.41,0-1.67-.5-1.67-2.29l-.03-6.37h3.02v-2.72h-3.02v-4.18Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m148.84,36.53c-.1-.86-.29-1.72-.66-2.49-1.12-2.45-3.18-3.32-5.68-3.32-4.04.03-6.37,3.25-6.37,7.46,0,4.68,1.84,7.36,6.4,7.36,3.08,0,5.68-1.16,6.01-4.61h-3.58c-.36,1.29-1.05,1.82-2.43,1.82-2.04,0-2.3-1.69-2.3-3.51l8.7-.03c0-.93,0-1.82-.1-2.69Zm-8.56-.1c.03-1.53.43-2.95,2.26-2.95,1.94,0,2.33,1.43,2.33,2.95h-4.59Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m155.17,33.91h-.07l-.1-2.59h-3.74c.03,1.03.13,2.22.13,2.82l.07,11.37h4.1l-.03-7.03c.03-.93.13-1.72.56-2.52.39-.6,1.31-.99,2-1.06h1.8v-3.75c-2.07-.07-3.84.53-4.72,2.75Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <rect x="104.28" y=".52" width="3.9" height="3.51" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <rect x="104.28" y="5.99" width="3.9" height="14.36" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <rect x="111.33" y=".52" width="3.77" height="19.83" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <polygon points="85.48 20.35 89.41 5.53 93.35 20.35 97.62 20.35 102.44 .52 98.4 .52 95.35 14.35 91.87 .52 87.08 .52 83.44 14.15 80.46 .52 76.35 .52 81.11 20.35 85.48 20.35" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m122.29,32.85c-.36-.46-1.02-.9-1.67-1.19-.66-.3-1.38-.43-2.2-.43-1.84,0-2.82.66-4.04,2.25v-2.16h-3.9v14.19h3.87v-6.33c0-1.56-.03-2.72.16-3.28.2-.56.43-.93.92-1.29.49-.36,1.08-.53,1.71-.53.49,0,.92.13,1.28.36.36.23.59.6.76,1.03.16.43.23,1.39.23,2.92v7.13h3.94v-8.69c0-1.09-.07-1.92-.2-2.49-.13-.6-.53-1.03-.85-1.49Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> </g> <g class="mark"> <polygon points="47.31 .49 33.86 32.95 27.86 18.52 21.85 32.68 8.46 .49 -.07 .49 20.73 45.61 27.89 30.29 35.04 45.61 55.85 .49 47.31 .49" fill="#006caf"/> <polygon points="25.79 13.52 20.34 .49 12.83 .49 21.92 23.27 25.79 13.52" fill="#006caf"/> <polygon points="33.79 23.27 42.88 .49 35.37 .49 29.92 13.52 33.79 23.27" fill="#006caf"/> <polygon points="30.97 .49 24.7 .49 27.86 8.31 30.97 .49" fill="#006caf"/> </g> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="item js-submenu-parent" data-children="true" data-expandable="true" data-expanded="false"> <button class="no-link js-no-link" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="menu">Programs</button> <button class="js-submenu-btn submenu-toggle-btn icon-chevron-down" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="submenu-toggle-1-1"> <span class="sr-text">Toggle sub-menu</span> </button> <ul data-level="2" class="nav-list js-nav-list js-submenu" id="submenu-toggle-1-1" data-dropdown-layout="2-col-text" aria-hidden="true" > <li class="item"> <a href="/program/africa-program" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/25">Africa Program</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/canada-institute" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/29">Canada Institute</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/environmental-change-and-security-program" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/103">Environmental Change and Security Program</a> <ul data-level="3" class="nav-list" > <li class="item"> <a href="/program/china-environment-forum" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/99">China Environment Forum</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/maternal-health-initiative" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/105">Maternal Health Initiative</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/global-europe-program" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/104">Global Europe Program</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/history-and-public-policy-program" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/106">History and Public Policy Program</a> <ul data-level="3" class="nav-list" > <li class="item"> <a href="/program/cold-war-international-history-project" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/100">Cold War International History Project</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/indo-pacific-program" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/27">Indo-Pacific Program</a> <ul data-level="3" class="nav-list" > <li class="item"> <a href="/program/hyundai-motor-korea-foundation-center-korean-history-and-public-policy" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/426">Hyundai Motor-Korea Foundation Center for Korean History and Public Policy</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/kennan-institute" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/108">Kennan Institute</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/kissinger-institute-china-and-united-states" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/109">Kissinger Institute on China and the United States</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/latin-america-program" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/110">Latin America Program</a> <ul data-level="3" class="nav-list" > <li class="item"> <a href="/program/argentina-project" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/546">Argentina Project</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/brazil-institute" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/28">Brazil Institute</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/mexico-institute" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/111">Mexico Institute</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/middle-east-program" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/112">Middle East Program</a> <ul data-level="3" class="nav-list" > <li class="item"> <a href="/program/islamists" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/322">The Islamists</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/middle-east-womens-initiative" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/631">Middle East Women's Initiative</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/mena-workforce-development-initiative" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/616">The Middle East and North Africa Workforce Development Initiative</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/polar-institute" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/359">Polar Institute</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/refugee-and-forced-displacement-initiative" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/1031">Refugee and Forced Displacement Initiative</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/science-and-technology-innovation-program" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/116">Science and Technology Innovation Program</a> <ul data-level="3" class="nav-list" > <li class="item"> <a href="/program/serious-games-initiative" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/526">Serious Games Initiative</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/wahba-institute-strategic-competition" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/1028">Wahba Institute for Strategic Competition</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item" data-children="false" data-expandable="false" data-expanded="false"> <a href="/congress" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/125771">For Congress</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <a href="/" class="logo mobile-only" aria-label="Wilson Center"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 160 46"> <path class="pipe" d="m66.31.49h-1.74v45.16h1.74V.49Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <g class="text"> <path d="m129.45,16.04c0-5.34-7.68-4.05-7.68-6.3,0-.96.52-1.29,1.61-1.29.92,0,1.77.43,1.84,1.39l3.58-.03c-.2-3.15-2.62-4.21-5.45-4.21-2.36,0-5.74,1.33-5.74,4.31,0,3.35,2.4,3.91,4.96,4.58.79.2,2.72.7,2.72,1.82.03,1.09-.82,1.59-1.9,1.59-1.18,0-2.1-.63-2.2-1.72h-3.71c.07,3.28,2.79,4.58,5.91,4.58,2.49,0,6.07-1.59,6.07-4.71Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m137.85,20.71c4.4,0,7.02-3.08,7.02-7.59-.03-4.51-2.66-7.56-7.06-7.56s-6.99,3.08-6.99,7.59,2.62,7.56,7.02,7.56Zm-.03-12.33c2.46,0,2.89,2.45,2.89,4.74s-.39,4.74-2.85,4.74c-2.46.03-2.89-2.42-2.89-4.74s.39-4.74,2.85-4.74Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m159.93,11.26c0-.22,0-.55-.04-.93-.03-.46-.08-.86-.15-1.16-.05-.23-.15-.44-.26-.63-.21-.46-.52-.86-.91-1.19,0,0,0,0-.01-.01-.12-.1-.24-.2-.37-.29-.03-.02-.06-.04-.09-.06-.96-.65-2.13-.99-2.89-.99-2.07.03-3.35.86-4.17,2.12-.07.07-.07-.07-.07-.07l.03-1.89h-4v14.19h4s-.03-7.29-.03-8.36c0-.56.08-1.04.21-1.44.02-.04.03-.08.05-.12.01-.04.03-.07.05-.11.17-.35.39-.62.75-.88.49-.36,1.08-.53,1.71-.53.4,0,.74.1,1.05.26.87.57,1.09,1.75,1.12,2.82l-.03,8.36h4.04s.03,0,.03,0v-8.69s0-.05,0-.07v-.32Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m85.87,42.53c-2.92,0-3.68-4.41-3.68-7.16s.72-7.2,3.64-7.2c2.46,0,3.71,1.66,3.68,3.71h4.33c-.2-4.91-3.64-6.73-8.04-6.73-5.55.03-8.04,4.51-8.01,10.25.03,5.7,2.53,10.21,8.07,10.18,4.4-.03,7.84-1.89,8.01-6.8h-4.36c.03,2.09-1.18,3.75-3.64,3.75Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m108.22,36.56c-.1-.86-.29-1.72-.66-2.49-1.12-2.45-3.18-3.35-5.68-3.35-4.07,0-6.4,3.22-6.4,7.43,0,4.68,1.84,7.36,6.4,7.36,3.08,0,5.68-1.13,6-4.58h-3.58c-.36,1.29-1.05,1.82-2.43,1.82-2.07,0-2.3-1.69-2.3-3.51h8.73c0-.93,0-1.82-.1-2.69Zm-8.63-.1c.03-1.53.43-2.95,2.26-2.95,1.94,0,2.33,1.43,2.33,2.95h-4.59Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m131.48,27.21l-4,1.49v2.72l-2.69-.03v2.72h2.69l.03,6.76c0,2.98.69,4.64,3.81,4.64.56,0,2.69-.2,3.15-.43v-2.42c-.43.03-.85.1-1.28.1-1.41,0-1.67-.5-1.67-2.29l-.03-6.37h3.02v-2.72h-3.02v-4.18Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m148.84,36.53c-.1-.86-.29-1.72-.66-2.49-1.12-2.45-3.18-3.32-5.68-3.32-4.04.03-6.37,3.25-6.37,7.46,0,4.68,1.84,7.36,6.4,7.36,3.08,0,5.68-1.16,6.01-4.61h-3.58c-.36,1.29-1.05,1.82-2.43,1.82-2.04,0-2.3-1.69-2.3-3.51l8.7-.03c0-.93,0-1.82-.1-2.69Zm-8.56-.1c.03-1.53.43-2.95,2.26-2.95,1.94,0,2.33,1.43,2.33,2.95h-4.59Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m155.17,33.91h-.07l-.1-2.59h-3.74c.03,1.03.13,2.22.13,2.82l.07,11.37h4.1l-.03-7.03c.03-.93.13-1.72.56-2.52.39-.6,1.31-.99,2-1.06h1.8v-3.75c-2.07-.07-3.84.53-4.72,2.75Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <rect x="104.28" y=".52" width="3.9" height="3.51" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <rect x="104.28" y="5.99" width="3.9" height="14.36" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <rect x="111.33" y=".52" width="3.77" height="19.83" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <polygon points="85.48 20.35 89.41 5.53 93.35 20.35 97.62 20.35 102.44 .52 98.4 .52 95.35 14.35 91.87 .52 87.08 .52 83.44 14.15 80.46 .52 76.35 .52 81.11 20.35 85.48 20.35" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m122.29,32.85c-.36-.46-1.02-.9-1.67-1.19-.66-.3-1.38-.43-2.2-.43-1.84,0-2.82.66-4.04,2.25v-2.16h-3.9v14.19h3.87v-6.33c0-1.56-.03-2.72.16-3.28.2-.56.43-.93.92-1.29.49-.36,1.08-.53,1.71-.53.49,0,.92.13,1.28.36.36.23.59.6.76,1.03.16.43.23,1.39.23,2.92v7.13h3.94v-8.69c0-1.09-.07-1.92-.2-2.49-.13-.6-.53-1.03-.85-1.49Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> </g> <g class="mark"> <polygon points="47.31 .49 33.86 32.95 27.86 18.52 21.85 32.68 8.46 .49 -.07 .49 20.73 45.61 27.89 30.29 35.04 45.61 55.85 .49 47.31 .49" fill="#006caf"/> <polygon points="25.79 13.52 20.34 .49 12.83 .49 21.92 23.27 25.79 13.52" fill="#006caf"/> <polygon points="33.79 23.27 42.88 .49 35.37 .49 29.92 13.52 33.79 23.27" fill="#006caf"/> <polygon points="30.97 .49 24.7 .49 27.86 8.31 30.97 .49" fill="#006caf"/> </g> </svg> </a> <a href="https://engage.wilsoncenter.org/onlineactions/WpUYj9S_MkydZEXxsyWeYw2" target="_blank" class="btn-primary subscribe mobile-only">Subscribe</a> <button class="search-toggle-btn icon-search js-site-header-search-overlay-toggle" aria-controls="js-site-header-search-overlay-form" aria-expanded="false"><span class="sr-text">Show/Hide sitewide search field</span></button> <button class="menu-toggle-btn icon-menu js-site-header-hamburger-nav-toggle" aria-controls="js-site-header-hamburger-nav" aria-expanded="false"><span class="sr-text">Open vertical navigation</span></button> </div> <div class="site-header-search-overlay js-site-header-search-overlay"> <div class="modal-accent-watermark"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="wc-logo-svg" aria-hidden="1" viewBox="0 2 56 42" > <path class="pipe" d="m66.31.49h-1.74v45.16h1.74V.49Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <g class="text"> <path d="m129.45,16.04c0-5.34-7.68-4.05-7.68-6.3,0-.96.52-1.29,1.61-1.29.92,0,1.77.43,1.84,1.39l3.58-.03c-.2-3.15-2.62-4.21-5.45-4.21-2.36,0-5.74,1.33-5.74,4.31,0,3.35,2.4,3.91,4.96,4.58.79.2,2.72.7,2.72,1.82.03,1.09-.82,1.59-1.9,1.59-1.18,0-2.1-.63-2.2-1.72h-3.71c.07,3.28,2.79,4.58,5.91,4.58,2.49,0,6.07-1.59,6.07-4.71Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m137.85,20.71c4.4,0,7.02-3.08,7.02-7.59-.03-4.51-2.66-7.56-7.06-7.56s-6.99,3.08-6.99,7.59,2.62,7.56,7.02,7.56Zm-.03-12.33c2.46,0,2.89,2.45,2.89,4.74s-.39,4.74-2.85,4.74c-2.46.03-2.89-2.42-2.89-4.74s.39-4.74,2.85-4.74Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m159.93,11.26c0-.22,0-.55-.04-.93-.03-.46-.08-.86-.15-1.16-.05-.23-.15-.44-.26-.63-.21-.46-.52-.86-.91-1.19,0,0,0,0-.01-.01-.12-.1-.24-.2-.37-.29-.03-.02-.06-.04-.09-.06-.96-.65-2.13-.99-2.89-.99-2.07.03-3.35.86-4.17,2.12-.07.07-.07-.07-.07-.07l.03-1.89h-4v14.19h4s-.03-7.29-.03-8.36c0-.56.08-1.04.21-1.44.02-.04.03-.08.05-.12.01-.04.03-.07.05-.11.17-.35.39-.62.75-.88.49-.36,1.08-.53,1.71-.53.4,0,.74.1,1.05.26.87.57,1.09,1.75,1.12,2.82l-.03,8.36h4.04s.03,0,.03,0v-8.69s0-.05,0-.07v-.32Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m85.87,42.53c-2.92,0-3.68-4.41-3.68-7.16s.72-7.2,3.64-7.2c2.46,0,3.71,1.66,3.68,3.71h4.33c-.2-4.91-3.64-6.73-8.04-6.73-5.55.03-8.04,4.51-8.01,10.25.03,5.7,2.53,10.21,8.07,10.18,4.4-.03,7.84-1.89,8.01-6.8h-4.36c.03,2.09-1.18,3.75-3.64,3.75Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m108.22,36.56c-.1-.86-.29-1.72-.66-2.49-1.12-2.45-3.18-3.35-5.68-3.35-4.07,0-6.4,3.22-6.4,7.43,0,4.68,1.84,7.36,6.4,7.36,3.08,0,5.68-1.13,6-4.58h-3.58c-.36,1.29-1.05,1.82-2.43,1.82-2.07,0-2.3-1.69-2.3-3.51h8.73c0-.93,0-1.82-.1-2.69Zm-8.63-.1c.03-1.53.43-2.95,2.26-2.95,1.94,0,2.33,1.43,2.33,2.95h-4.59Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m131.48,27.21l-4,1.49v2.72l-2.69-.03v2.72h2.69l.03,6.76c0,2.98.69,4.64,3.81,4.64.56,0,2.69-.2,3.15-.43v-2.42c-.43.03-.85.1-1.28.1-1.41,0-1.67-.5-1.67-2.29l-.03-6.37h3.02v-2.72h-3.02v-4.18Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m148.84,36.53c-.1-.86-.29-1.72-.66-2.49-1.12-2.45-3.18-3.32-5.68-3.32-4.04.03-6.37,3.25-6.37,7.46,0,4.68,1.84,7.36,6.4,7.36,3.08,0,5.68-1.16,6.01-4.61h-3.58c-.36,1.29-1.05,1.82-2.43,1.82-2.04,0-2.3-1.69-2.3-3.51l8.7-.03c0-.93,0-1.82-.1-2.69Zm-8.56-.1c.03-1.53.43-2.95,2.26-2.95,1.94,0,2.33,1.43,2.33,2.95h-4.59Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m155.17,33.91h-.07l-.1-2.59h-3.74c.03,1.03.13,2.22.13,2.82l.07,11.37h4.1l-.03-7.03c.03-.93.13-1.72.56-2.52.39-.6,1.31-.99,2-1.06h1.8v-3.75c-2.07-.07-3.84.53-4.72,2.75Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <rect x="104.28" y=".52" width="3.9" height="3.51" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <rect x="104.28" y="5.99" width="3.9" height="14.36" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <rect x="111.33" y=".52" width="3.77" height="19.83" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <polygon points="85.48 20.35 89.41 5.53 93.35 20.35 97.62 20.35 102.44 .52 98.4 .52 95.35 14.35 91.87 .52 87.08 .52 83.44 14.15 80.46 .52 76.35 .52 81.11 20.35 85.48 20.35" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m122.29,32.85c-.36-.46-1.02-.9-1.67-1.19-.66-.3-1.38-.43-2.2-.43-1.84,0-2.82.66-4.04,2.25v-2.16h-3.9v14.19h3.87v-6.33c0-1.56-.03-2.72.16-3.28.2-.56.43-.93.92-1.29.49-.36,1.08-.53,1.71-.53.49,0,.92.13,1.28.36.36.23.59.6.76,1.03.16.43.23,1.39.23,2.92v7.13h3.94v-8.69c0-1.09-.07-1.92-.2-2.49-.13-.6-.53-1.03-.85-1.49Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> </g> <g class="mark"> <polygon points="47.31 .49 33.86 32.95 27.86 18.52 21.85 32.68 8.46 .49 -.07 .49 20.73 45.61 27.89 30.29 35.04 45.61 55.85 .49 47.31 .49" fill="#006caf"/> <polygon points="25.79 13.52 20.34 .49 12.83 .49 21.92 23.27 25.79 13.52" fill="#006caf"/> <polygon points="33.79 23.27 42.88 .49 35.37 .49 29.92 13.52 33.79 23.27" fill="#006caf"/> <polygon points="30.97 .49 24.7 .49 27.86 8.31 30.97 .49" fill="#006caf"/> </g> </svg> </div> <div class="inner -flex--rw --c-gap-6 --jc-center --ac-center --ai-center"> <header class="keyline-box--blue--xl"> <h1 class="h4 title -white">Explore more than 27,000 insights and analysis, 160 experts, and hundreds of events each year.</h1> </header> <form id="js-site-header-search-overlay-form" class="form -flex--rw --r-gap-4 --jc-center --ac-center --ai-center keyline-overlap" role="search" method="GET" action="/search"> <input class="field js-site-header-search-overlay-input" type="search" name="keywords" aria-label="Search Term(s)" placeholder="Search Wilson Center…"> <button class="submit btn-primary js-site-header-search-overlay-submit" type="submit" disabled>Search</button> </form> <div class="trending-link-lists -flex--rw --flex-layout-2up --c-gridgap-1 --r-gap-8 --jc-center --ac-center --ai-center"> <section class="col"> <h2 class="h6 -white">Trending topics</h2> <ul class="trending-link-list"> <li class="p"><a href="/issue/artificial-intelligence" class="link--arrow-hover-l -white" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/496">AI</a></li> <li class="p"><a href="/issue/great-power-competition" class="link--arrow-hover-l -white" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/1244">Great Power Competition</a></li> <li class="p"><a href="https://www.wilsoncenter.org/collection/nafta-and-usmca-resource-page" class="link--arrow-hover-l -white">USMCA</a></li> <li class="p"><a href="/issue/migration" class="link--arrow-hover-l -white" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/165">Migration</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="site-header-hamburger-nav js-site-header-hamburger-nav" id="js-site-header-hamburger-nav" aria-label="Primary vertical"> <div class="scrollable js-scrollable"> <div class="inner"> <div class="top desktop-only"> <a href="/" class="logo" aria-label="Wilson Center"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 160 46"> <path class="pipe" d="m66.31.49h-1.74v45.16h1.74V.49Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <g class="text"> <path d="m129.45,16.04c0-5.34-7.68-4.05-7.68-6.3,0-.96.52-1.29,1.61-1.29.92,0,1.77.43,1.84,1.39l3.58-.03c-.2-3.15-2.62-4.21-5.45-4.21-2.36,0-5.74,1.33-5.74,4.31,0,3.35,2.4,3.91,4.96,4.58.79.2,2.72.7,2.72,1.82.03,1.09-.82,1.59-1.9,1.59-1.18,0-2.1-.63-2.2-1.72h-3.71c.07,3.28,2.79,4.58,5.91,4.58,2.49,0,6.07-1.59,6.07-4.71Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m137.85,20.71c4.4,0,7.02-3.08,7.02-7.59-.03-4.51-2.66-7.56-7.06-7.56s-6.99,3.08-6.99,7.59,2.62,7.56,7.02,7.56Zm-.03-12.33c2.46,0,2.89,2.45,2.89,4.74s-.39,4.74-2.85,4.74c-2.46.03-2.89-2.42-2.89-4.74s.39-4.74,2.85-4.74Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m159.93,11.26c0-.22,0-.55-.04-.93-.03-.46-.08-.86-.15-1.16-.05-.23-.15-.44-.26-.63-.21-.46-.52-.86-.91-1.19,0,0,0,0-.01-.01-.12-.1-.24-.2-.37-.29-.03-.02-.06-.04-.09-.06-.96-.65-2.13-.99-2.89-.99-2.07.03-3.35.86-4.17,2.12-.07.07-.07-.07-.07-.07l.03-1.89h-4v14.19h4s-.03-7.29-.03-8.36c0-.56.08-1.04.21-1.44.02-.04.03-.08.05-.12.01-.04.03-.07.05-.11.17-.35.39-.62.75-.88.49-.36,1.08-.53,1.71-.53.4,0,.74.1,1.05.26.87.57,1.09,1.75,1.12,2.82l-.03,8.36h4.04s.03,0,.03,0v-8.69s0-.05,0-.07v-.32Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m85.87,42.53c-2.92,0-3.68-4.41-3.68-7.16s.72-7.2,3.64-7.2c2.46,0,3.71,1.66,3.68,3.71h4.33c-.2-4.91-3.64-6.73-8.04-6.73-5.55.03-8.04,4.51-8.01,10.25.03,5.7,2.53,10.21,8.07,10.18,4.4-.03,7.84-1.89,8.01-6.8h-4.36c.03,2.09-1.18,3.75-3.64,3.75Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m108.22,36.56c-.1-.86-.29-1.72-.66-2.49-1.12-2.45-3.18-3.35-5.68-3.35-4.07,0-6.4,3.22-6.4,7.43,0,4.68,1.84,7.36,6.4,7.36,3.08,0,5.68-1.13,6-4.58h-3.58c-.36,1.29-1.05,1.82-2.43,1.82-2.07,0-2.3-1.69-2.3-3.51h8.73c0-.93,0-1.82-.1-2.69Zm-8.63-.1c.03-1.53.43-2.95,2.26-2.95,1.94,0,2.33,1.43,2.33,2.95h-4.59Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m131.48,27.21l-4,1.49v2.72l-2.69-.03v2.72h2.69l.03,6.76c0,2.98.69,4.64,3.81,4.64.56,0,2.69-.2,3.15-.43v-2.42c-.43.03-.85.1-1.28.1-1.41,0-1.67-.5-1.67-2.29l-.03-6.37h3.02v-2.72h-3.02v-4.18Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m148.84,36.53c-.1-.86-.29-1.72-.66-2.49-1.12-2.45-3.18-3.32-5.68-3.32-4.04.03-6.37,3.25-6.37,7.46,0,4.68,1.84,7.36,6.4,7.36,3.08,0,5.68-1.16,6.01-4.61h-3.58c-.36,1.29-1.05,1.82-2.43,1.82-2.04,0-2.3-1.69-2.3-3.51l8.7-.03c0-.93,0-1.82-.1-2.69Zm-8.56-.1c.03-1.53.43-2.95,2.26-2.95,1.94,0,2.33,1.43,2.33,2.95h-4.59Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m155.17,33.91h-.07l-.1-2.59h-3.74c.03,1.03.13,2.22.13,2.82l.07,11.37h4.1l-.03-7.03c.03-.93.13-1.72.56-2.52.39-.6,1.31-.99,2-1.06h1.8v-3.75c-2.07-.07-3.84.53-4.72,2.75Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <rect x="104.28" y=".52" width="3.9" height="3.51" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <rect x="104.28" y="5.99" width="3.9" height="14.36" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <rect x="111.33" y=".52" width="3.77" height="19.83" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <polygon points="85.48 20.35 89.41 5.53 93.35 20.35 97.62 20.35 102.44 .52 98.4 .52 95.35 14.35 91.87 .52 87.08 .52 83.44 14.15 80.46 .52 76.35 .52 81.11 20.35 85.48 20.35" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m122.29,32.85c-.36-.46-1.02-.9-1.67-1.19-.66-.3-1.38-.43-2.2-.43-1.84,0-2.82.66-4.04,2.25v-2.16h-3.9v14.19h3.87v-6.33c0-1.56-.03-2.72.16-3.28.2-.56.43-.93.92-1.29.49-.36,1.08-.53,1.71-.53.49,0,.92.13,1.28.36.36.23.59.6.76,1.03.16.43.23,1.39.23,2.92v7.13h3.94v-8.69c0-1.09-.07-1.92-.2-2.49-.13-.6-.53-1.03-.85-1.49Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> </g> <g class="mark"> <polygon points="47.31 .49 33.86 32.95 27.86 18.52 21.85 32.68 8.46 .49 -.07 .49 20.73 45.61 27.89 30.29 35.04 45.61 55.85 .49 47.31 .49" fill="#006caf"/> <polygon points="25.79 13.52 20.34 .49 12.83 .49 21.92 23.27 25.79 13.52" fill="#006caf"/> <polygon points="33.79 23.27 42.88 .49 35.37 .49 29.92 13.52 33.79 23.27" fill="#006caf"/> <polygon points="30.97 .49 24.7 .49 27.86 8.31 30.97 .49" fill="#006caf"/> </g> </svg> </a> <button class="menu-close-btn icon-close js-site-header-hamburger-nav-toggle" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="js-site-header-hamburger-nav" aria-label="Close vertical navigation"></button> </div> <ul data-level="1" class="nav-list js-nav-list"> <li class="item js-submenu-parent" data-children="true" data-expandable="true" data-expanded="false"> <button class="no-link js-no-link" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="menu">Topics & Regions</button> <button class="js-submenu-btn submenu-toggle-btn icon-chevron-down" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="submenu-toggle-1-1"> <span class="sr-text">Toggle sub-menu</span> </button> <ul data-level="2" class="nav-list js-nav-list js-submenu" id="submenu-toggle-1-1" data-dropdown-layout="4-col-text" aria-hidden="true" > <li class="item"> <span class="no-link">Topics</span> <ul data-level="3" class="nav-list" > <li class="item"> <a href="https://www.wilsonquarterly.com/quarterly/in-search-of-our-narratives" class="link">Winter WQ | In Search of Our Narratives</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/issue/artificial-intelligence" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/496">AI</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/issue/critical-minerals" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/1024">Critical Minerals</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/issue/great-power-competition" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/1244">Great Power Competition</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="https://www.wilsoncenter.org/ivan-duque-center-prosperity-and-freedom" class="link">Iván Duque Center for Prosperity and Freedom</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/refugee-and-forced-displacement-initiative" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/1031">Refugees and Forced Displacement</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/issue/supply-chains" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/1027">Supply Chains</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="https://ukraine.wilsoncenter.org/" class="link">Ukraine</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/issue/naftausmca" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/132">USMCA</a> </li> <li class="item -outro"> <a href="/topics-regions" class="link icon-arrow-forward--after" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2">View all topics</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item"> <span class="no-link">Regions</span> <ul data-level="3" class="nav-list" > <li class="item"> <a href="/region/arcticantarctic" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/362">Arctic/Antarctic</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/region/africa" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/285">Africa</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/region/asia" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/278">Asia</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/region/europe" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/266">Europe</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/region/latin-america" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/239">Latin America</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/region/middle-east-and-north-africa" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/231">Middle East and North Africa</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/region/north-america" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/212">North America</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/region/russia-and-eurasia" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/209">Russia and Eurasia</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item -outro"> <a href="/programs" class="link icon-arrow-forward--after" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/4">Our programs cover every region of the world</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item js-submenu-parent" data-children="true" data-expandable="true" data-expanded="false"> <button class="no-link js-no-link" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="menu">Events</button> <button class="js-submenu-btn submenu-toggle-btn icon-chevron-down" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="submenu-toggle-1-2"> <span class="sr-text">Toggle sub-menu</span> </button> <ul data-level="2" class="nav-list js-nav-list js-submenu" id="submenu-toggle-1-2" data-dropdown-layout="4-col-cards" aria-hidden="true" > <li class="item"><span class="no-link">Upcoming Events</span> <ul data-level="3" class="nav-list"> <li class="item"> <article class="card js-link-event" data-card-bg-color="blue-100"> <div class="card-inner"> <div class="card-main"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="tags"> <ul class="tags-list"> <li class="tag" data-category="online">Online</li> </ul> </div> <h2 class="title h5 -blue-600"> <a href="/event/protecting-maritime-security-and-stability-indo-pacific-challenges-united-states-and-japan" class="js-link-event-link">Protecting Maritime Security and Stability in the Indo-Pacific: Challenges for the United States and Japan </a> </h2> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li><li class="item"> <article class="card js-link-event" data-card-bg-color="blue-100"> <div class="card-inner"> <div class="card-main"> <div class="card-text"> <h2 class="title h5 -blue-600"> <a href="/event/behind-headlines-debunking-misconceptions-cryptocurrency-and-crime" class="js-link-event-link">Behind the Headlines: Debunking Misconceptions of Cryptocurrency and Crime</a> </h2> </div> </div> </div> </article> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item -outro"><a href="/events" class="link icon-arrow-forward--after" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/10">See all events</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="item" data-children="false" data-expandable="false" data-expanded="false"> <a href="/experts" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/11">Experts</a> </li> <li class="item js-submenu-parent" data-children="true" data-expandable="true" data-expanded="false"> <button class="no-link js-no-link" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="menu">Programs</button> <button class="js-submenu-btn submenu-toggle-btn icon-chevron-down" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="submenu-toggle-1-4"> <span class="sr-text">Toggle sub-menu</span> </button> <ul data-level="2" class="nav-list js-nav-list js-submenu" id="submenu-toggle-1-4" data-dropdown-layout="2-col-text" aria-hidden="true" > <li class="item"> <a href="/program/africa-program" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/25">Africa Program</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/canada-institute" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/29">Canada Institute</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/environmental-change-and-security-program" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/103">Environmental Change and Security Program</a> <ul data-level="3" class="nav-list" > <li class="item"> <a href="/program/china-environment-forum" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/99">China Environment Forum</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/maternal-health-initiative" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/105">Maternal Health Initiative</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/global-europe-program" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/104">Global Europe Program</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/history-and-public-policy-program" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/106">History and Public Policy Program</a> <ul data-level="3" class="nav-list" > <li class="item"> <a href="/program/cold-war-international-history-project" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/100">Cold War International History Project</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/indo-pacific-program" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/27">Indo-Pacific Program</a> <ul data-level="3" class="nav-list" > <li class="item"> <a href="/program/hyundai-motor-korea-foundation-center-korean-history-and-public-policy" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/426">Hyundai Motor-Korea Foundation Center for Korean History and Public Policy</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/kennan-institute" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/108">Kennan Institute</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/kissinger-institute-china-and-united-states" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/109">Kissinger Institute on China and the United States</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/latin-america-program" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/110">Latin America Program</a> <ul data-level="3" class="nav-list" > <li class="item"> <a href="/program/argentina-project" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/546">Argentina Project</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/brazil-institute" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/28">Brazil Institute</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/mexico-institute" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/111">Mexico Institute</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/middle-east-program" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/112">Middle East Program</a> <ul data-level="3" class="nav-list" > <li class="item"> <a href="/program/islamists" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/322">The Islamists</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/middle-east-womens-initiative" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/631">Middle East Women's Initiative</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/mena-workforce-development-initiative" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/616">The Middle East and North Africa Workforce Development Initiative</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/polar-institute" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/359">Polar Institute</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/refugee-and-forced-displacement-initiative" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/1031">Refugee and Forced Displacement Initiative</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/science-and-technology-innovation-program" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/116">Science and Technology Innovation Program</a> <ul data-level="3" class="nav-list" > <li class="item"> <a href="/program/serious-games-initiative" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/526">Serious Games Initiative</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/program/wahba-institute-strategic-competition" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/1028">Wahba Institute for Strategic Competition</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item" data-children="false" data-expandable="false" data-expanded="false"> <a href="/congress" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/125771">For Congress</a> </li> </ul> <ul data-level="1" class="nav-list js-nav-list link-list-1"> <li class="item" data-children="false" data-expandable="false" data-expanded="false"> <a href="/insight-analysis" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/95532">Insight & Analysis</a> </li> <li class="item" data-children="false" data-expandable="false" data-expanded="false"> <a href="/scholars-alumni" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/89182">Scholars & Alumni</a> </li> <li class="item" data-children="false" data-expandable="false" data-expanded="false"> <a href="/press-room" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/95625">Press Room</a> </li> <li class="item" data-children="false" data-expandable="false" data-expanded="false"> <a href="/videos" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/125768">Videos</a> </li> <li class="item" data-children="false" data-expandable="false" data-expanded="false"> <a href="/about" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/119">About the Wilson Center</a> </li> <li class="item js-submenu-parent" data-children="true" data-expandable="true" data-expanded="false"> <button class="no-link js-no-link" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="menu">Careers, Fellowships, and Internships</button> <button class="js-submenu-btn submenu-toggle-btn icon-chevron-down" tabindex="0" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="submenu-toggle-1-6"> <span class="sr-text">Toggle sub-menu</span> </button> <ul data-level="2" class="nav-list js-nav-list js-submenu" id="submenu-toggle-1-6" data-dropdown-layout="" aria-hidden="true" > <li class="item"> <a href="/job-openings-the-wilson-center" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34995">Jobs</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/fellowship-application" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/276">Wilson Center Fellowship</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/the-wilson-china-fellowship" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/88916">China Fellowship</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/foreignpolicyfellowship" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/26031">Foreign Policy Fellowship</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/tech-labs" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/92756">Congressional Technology Labs</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/internships" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/34923">Internships</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="item" data-children="false" data-expandable="false" data-expanded="false"> <a href="/support-the-wilson-center" class="link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/130">Support the Wilson Center</a> </li> </ul> <ul data-level="1" class="nav-list js-nav-list link-list-3"> <li class="item" data-children="false" data-expandable="false" data-expanded="false"> <a href="https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/" class="link">Digital Archive</a> </li> <li class="item" data-children="false" data-expandable="false" data-expanded="false"> <a href="https://www.wilsonquarterly.com" class="link">The Wilson Quarterly</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="site-header-action-buttons -flex--rnw"> <li class="item subscribe"> <a href="https://engage.wilsoncenter.org/onlineactions/WpUYj9S_MkydZEXxsyWeYw2" target="_blank" class="btn-primary -bleed">Subscribe</a> </li> <li class="item support"> <a href="https://engage.wilsoncenter.org/onlineactions/KxzFKo0YTk2W8uYVKK5HKg2" target="_blank" class="btn-primary -bleed">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </header> <main id="maincontent"> <article class="grid-container"> <article class="trending-nav"> <nav class="inner" aria-label="Trending Topics"> <ul class="trending-nav-list"> <li class="trending-nav-item"> <a href="/region/ukraine?_page=1&keywords=&_tab=insight-analysis&_limit=10&_order=desc&_sort=date" class="trending-nav-link" data-drupal-link-query="{"_limit":"10","_order":"desc","_page":"1","_sort":"date","_tab":"insight-analysis","keywords":""}" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/195">Ukraine</a> </li> <li class="trending-nav-item"> <a href="/issue/supply-chains" class="trending-nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/1027">Supply Chains</a> </li> <li class="trending-nav-item"> <a href="/issue/naftausmca" class="trending-nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/132">USMCA</a> </li> <li class="trending-nav-item"> <a href="/insight-analysis" class="trending-nav-link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/95532">Latest Analysis</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </article> <header class="hero-home"> <div class="inner"> <div class="hero-home-content"> <article class="hero-home-feature" data-video="true"> <div class="hero-home-feature-img"> <a href="/article/video-the-life-living-memorial" class="hero-home-feature-img-link" data-animation="wipe-up" data-animation-duration="1250"> <picture class="hero-home-feature-img--standard"><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1320x650/public/media/uploads/images/wilsoncenter-building-1_0.webp" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/1320x650/public/media/uploads/images/wilsoncenter-building-1_0.jpg" width="1320" height="650" alt="Wilson Center Memorial"> </picture> </a> </div> <div class="hero-home-feature-article"> <div class="hero-home-feature-article-inner"> <div class="eyebrow">Wilson@50</div> <h1 class="h1 -white title -line-accent -extended" data-animation="custom"> <a href="/article/video-the-life-living-memorial"> The Life of a Living Memorial </a> </h1> <div class="published-info"><span class="post-time-item"><span class="sr-text">Posted date/time:</span><time class="post-time js-post-time" datetime="2018-10-24T15:43:57-04:00" data-posted-time="2018-10-24T15:43:57-04:00">October 24, 2018</time></span></div> </div> </div> </article> <div class="hero-home-events"> <div class="hero-home-events-inner" data-animation="fadeInLeft" data-animation-duration="500" data-animation-delay="500"> <div class="hero-home-events-title">Events</div> <div class="hero-home-event-items"> <article class="card js-link-event" data-card-bg-color="white"> <div class="card-inner"> <div class="card-main"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="tags"> <ul class="tags-list"> <li class="tag" data-category="past-event">Past event</li> <li class="tag" data-category="trade">Trade</li> </ul> </div> <h2 class="title h4 -blue-600"> <a href="/event/protecting-maritime-security-and-stability-indo-pacific-challenges-united-states-and-japan" class="js-link-event-link">Protecting Maritime Security and Stability in the Indo-Pacific: Challenges for the United States and Japan </a> </h2> <div class="published-info"><span class="event-datetime js-event-datetime"><time class="item-date" datetime="2025-03-05">March 5, 2025</time></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article class="card js-link-event" data-card-bg-color="white"> <div class="card-inner"> <div class="card-main"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="tags"> <ul class="tags-list"> <li class="tag" data-category="past-event">Past event</li> <li class="tag" data-category="science-and-technology">Science and Technology</li> </ul> </div> <h2 class="title h4 -blue-600"> <a href="/event/behind-headlines-debunking-misconceptions-cryptocurrency-and-crime" class="js-link-event-link">Behind the Headlines: Debunking Misconceptions of Cryptocurrency and Crime</a> </h2> <div class="published-info"><span class="event-datetime js-event-datetime"><time class="item-date" datetime="2025-02-27">February 27, 2025</time></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="hero-home-events-link"> <a href="/events" class="arrow-link">All events</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <article class="four-up-featured-insights" data-has-intro="false"> <div class="inner" data-animation="fadeInUp" data-animation-duration="1000" data-animation-delay="500"> <div class="-flex--rw --c-gap-6 --r-gap-6"> <article class="card js-link-event" data-card-bg-color="white"> <div class="card-inner"> <picture class="image"><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/415x256/public/media/uploads/images/shutterstock_2433650985.webp" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/415x256/public/media/uploads/images/shutterstock_2433650985.jpg" width="415" height="256" alt="Le Pen"> </picture> <div class="card-main"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="tags"> <ul class="tags-list"> <li class="tag" data-category="elections">Elections</li> </ul> </div> <h2 class="title h5 -blue-600"> <a href="/article/future-frances-far-right-party" class="js-link-event-link">The Future of France's Far-Right Party</a> </h2> <div class="published-info"><span class="post-time-item"><span class="sr-text">Posted date/time:</span><time class="post-time js-post-time" datetime="2025-03-31T15:07:52-04:00" data-posted-time="2025-03-31T15:07:52-04:00">March 31, 2025</time></span><ul class="authors"><li class="by" aria-hidden="true">By</li><li><a href="/person/william-drozdiak">William Drozdiak</a></li></ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article class="card js-link-event" data-card-bg-color="white"> <div class="card-inner"> <picture class="image"><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/415x256/public/media/uploads/images/thumnail.webp" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/415x256/public/media/uploads/images/thumnail.jpg" width="415" height="256" alt="Myanmar protest"> </picture> <div class="card-main"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="tags"> <ul class="tags-list"> <li class="tag" data-category="--need-to-know "> Need to Know </li> </ul> </div> <h2 class="title h5 -blue-600"> <a href="/audio/myanmars-junta-and-2026-elections-fig-leaf-legitimacy" class="js-link-event-link">Myanmar’s Junta and the 2026 Elections: A Fig Leaf for Legitimacy?</a> </h2> <div class="published-info"><span class="post-time-item"><span class="sr-text">Posted date/time:</span><time class="post-time js-post-time" datetime="2025-03-28T17:48:03-04:00" data-posted-time="2025-03-28T17:48:03-04:00">March 28, 2025</time></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article class="card js-link-event" data-card-bg-color="white"> <div class="card-inner"> <picture class="image"><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/415x256/public/media/uploads/images/shutterstock_2491975971.webp" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/415x256/public/media/uploads/images/shutterstock_2491975971.jpg" width="415" height="256" alt="Gaza War"> </picture> <div class="card-main"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="tags"> <ul class="tags-list"> <li class="tag" data-category="--now "> NOW </li> </ul> </div> <h2 class="title h5 -blue-600"> <a href="/video/israel-escalates-attacks-gaza-whats-next" class="js-link-event-link">Israel Escalates Attacks in Gaza: What’s Next?</a> </h2> <div class="published-info"><span class="post-time-item"><span class="sr-text">Posted date/time:</span><time class="post-time js-post-time" datetime="2025-03-27T14:23:12-04:00" data-posted-time="2025-03-27T14:23:12-04:00">March 27, 2025</time></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article class="card js-link-event" data-card-bg-color="white"> <div class="card-inner"> <picture class="image"><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/415x256/public/media/uploads/images/EkremImamoglu_Video_0.webp" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/415x256/public/media/uploads/images/EkremImamoglu_Video_0.png" width="415" height="256" alt="Ekrem Imamoglu"> </picture> <div class="card-main"> <div class="card-text"> <div class="tags"> <ul class="tags-list"> <li class="tag" data-category="civil-society">Civil Society</li> </ul> </div> <h2 class="title h5 -blue-600"> <a href="/video/imamoglus-arrest-sparks-nationwide-unrest-and-raises-fears-turkish-democracy" class="js-link-event-link">Imamoglu’s Arrest Sparks Nationwide Unrest and Raises Fears for Turkish Democracy</a> </h2> <div class="published-info"><span class="post-time-item"><span class="sr-text">Posted date/time:</span><time class="post-time js-post-time" datetime="2025-03-25T19:38:22-04:00" data-posted-time="2025-03-25T19:38:22-04:00">March 25, 2025</time></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </article> <article class="featured-experts js-match-height-parent" data-bg-color="white"> <div class="inner" data-animation="fadeInUp" data-animation-duration="1000" data-animation-delay="500" > <div class="component-header"> <h2 class="title"> Experts </h2> </div> <div class="-flex--rw --c-gap-6 --r-gap-6"> <div class="expert-card"> <div class="expert-card-inner js-link-event"> <div class="expert-card-name js-match-height-target"> <a href="/person/bruna-santos" class="js-link-event-link">Bruna Santos</a> </div> <div class="expert-card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/342x305/public/media/uploads/images/Screenshot%202022-09-19%20100342.webp" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/342x305/public/media/uploads/images/Screenshot%202022-09-19%20100342.png" width="342" height="305" alt="Bruna Santos"> </picture> </div> </div> <div class="expert-card-content"> <div class="expert-card-title js-match-height-target -line-accent -extended"><a href="/publication/promoting-convergence-us-brazil-relations">Promoting Convergence in US-Brazil Relations</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="expert-card"> <div class="expert-card-inner js-link-event"> <div class="expert-card-name js-match-height-target"> <a href="/person/yusuf-can" class="js-link-event-link">Yusuf Can</a> </div> <div class="expert-card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/342x305/public/media/uploads/images/IMG_3071.webp" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/342x305/public/media/uploads/images/IMG_3071.JPG" width="342" height="305" alt="Yusuf Can"> </picture> </div> </div> <div class="expert-card-content"> <div class="expert-card-title js-match-height-target -line-accent -extended"><a href="/article/reactions-mena-governments-fall-assad-regime">Reactions from MENA Governments on the Fall of the Assad Regime</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="expert-card"> <div class="expert-card-inner js-link-event"> <div class="expert-card-name js-match-height-target"> <a href="/person/lucas-myers" class="js-link-event-link">Lucas Myers</a> </div> <div class="expert-card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/342x305/public/media/uploads/images/2023_LucasMyers_person.webp" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/342x305/public/media/uploads/images/2023_LucasMyers_person.jpg" width="342" height="305" alt="A photo of Lucas Myers speaking at a conference with the Wilson Center logo in the background."> </picture> </div> </div> <div class="expert-card-content"> <div class="expert-card-title js-match-height-target -line-accent -extended"><a href="/external-link/indonesias-foreign-policy-under-prabowo-still-free-more-active">Indonesia’s Foreign Policy Under Prabowo: Still Free But More Active?</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="expert-card"> <div class="expert-card-inner js-link-event"> <div class="expert-card-name js-match-height-target"> <a href="/person/michael-kimmage" class="js-link-event-link">Michael Kimmage</a> </div> <div class="expert-card-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/342x305/public/media/uploads/images/Michael_Kimmage_person.webp" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/342x305/public/media/uploads/images/Michael_Kimmage_person.jpg" width="342" height="305" alt="Michael_Kimmage"> </picture> </div> </div> <div class="expert-card-content"> <div class="expert-card-title js-match-height-target -line-accent -extended"><a href="/external-link/michael-kimmage-and-maxim-trudolyubov-ukraine-needs-peace-inches-not-miles">Michael Kimmage and Maxim Trudolyubov: Ukraine Needs a Peace of Inches, Not Miles</a></div> <p class="expert-card-company">Foreign Policy</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article class="feature-carousel" data-bg-color="white"> <div class="inner"> <div class="intro"> <h2 class="h2"> Wilson Center Series </h2> </div> <div class="feature-carousel-main"> <div class="feature-carousel-slides swiper js-feature-carousel" data-slide-count="4"> <div class="swiper-wrapper"> <article class="swiper-slide feature-carousel-slide js-link-event"> <div class="feature-carousel-slide-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/340x460/public/media/uploads/images/smart%20talk%20banner2b.webp" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/340x460/public/media/uploads/images/smart%20talk%20banner2b.jpg" width="340" height="460" alt="Smart Takes"> </picture> </div> <div class="feature-carousel-slide-content"> <div class="feature-carousel-slide-content-inner"> <div class="feature-carousel-slide-content-text"> <h3 class="h5">Smart Takes</h3> <a href="/collection/wilson-smart-takes" class="js-link-event-link"> Experts respond and react to recent news events </a> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article class="swiper-slide feature-carousel-slide js-link-event"> <div class="feature-carousel-slide-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/340x460/public/media/uploads/images/nowheader_1400.webp" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/340x460/public/media/uploads/images/nowheader_1400.jpg" width="340" height="460" alt="NOW Series Header"> </picture> </div> <div class="feature-carousel-slide-content"> <div class="feature-carousel-slide-content-inner"> <div class="feature-carousel-slide-content-text"> <h3 class="h5">Wilson NOW</h3> <a href="/collection/now-series" class="js-link-event-link"> Making sense of today's headlines and the forces behind them </a> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article class="swiper-slide feature-carousel-slide js-link-event"> <div class="feature-carousel-slide-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/340x460/public/media/uploads/images/shutterstock_245768287.webp" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/340x460/public/media/uploads/images/shutterstock_245768287.jpg" width="340" height="460" alt="US Capitol Building dome detail with waving national flag - Washington DC, United States of America"> </picture> </div> <div class="feature-carousel-slide-content"> <div class="feature-carousel-slide-content-inner"> <div class="feature-carousel-slide-content-text"> <h3 class="h5">Need to Know Podcast</h3> <a href="/podcast-series/need-know" class="js-link-event-link"> A podcast for policymakers, available to everyone </a> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article class="swiper-slide feature-carousel-slide js-link-event"> <div class="feature-carousel-slide-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/340x460/public/media/uploads/images/shutterstock_1995135977.webp" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/340x460/public/media/uploads/images/shutterstock_1995135977.jpg" width="340" height="460" alt="Peruvian Square"> </picture> </div> <div class="feature-carousel-slide-content"> <div class="feature-carousel-slide-content-inner"> <div class="feature-carousel-slide-content-text"> <h3 class="h5">Plaza Central</h3> <a href="/podcast-series/plaza-central" class="js-link-event-link"> A podcast about Latin America’s most pressing political, economic, and social developments. </a> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="feature-carousel-navigation"> <button type="button" class="swiper-nav-btn js-swiper-prev btn -prev" aria-label="Previous"></button> <button type="button" class="swiper-nav-btn js-swiper-next btn -next" aria-label="Next"></button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article class="single-promo -has-image"> <div class="inner"> <div class="single-promo-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/2up_multimedia/public/media/uploads/images/UNAmidgreenleaves.webp" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/2up_multimedia/public/media/uploads/images/UNAmidgreenleaves.png" width="700" height="450" alt="Amin Ismail, UNAMID"> </picture> </div> <div class="single-promo-content"> <h2 class="single-promo-title h3"> Stubborn Things Blog </h2> <p class="single-promo-text -serif"> As Founding Father John Adams said two and a half centuries ago, “facts are stubborn things.” Our task is to identify and elevate those stubborn things. </p> <a href="/stubbornthings" class="btn-ghost">Browse the blog</a> </div> </div> </article> <article class="multimedia-50-50" data-layout="right"> <div class="inner"> <a class="multimedia-50-50-image js-video-modal-open" href="#" data-video="https://youtu.be/lg_B1B99l-g"> <picture title="Woodrow Wilson Center Memorial Hallway"><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/2up_multimedia/public/media/images/misc/memorial_hallway.webp" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/2up_multimedia/public/media/images/misc/memorial_hallway.jpg" width="700" height="450" alt="Woodrow Wilson Center Memorial Hallway"> </picture> <div class="play-btn"><span class="sr-text">Play Video</span></div> </a> <div class="multimedia-50-50-content"> <h4 class="eyebrow h5"> About the Wilson Center </h4> <h3 class="multimedia-50-50-title h2"> A Marketplace of Ideas </h3> <p class="multimedia-50-50-text"> The Wilson Center occupies a unique place in US foreign policy—we are congressionally chartered, scholarship driven, and fiercely nonpartisan. It is our mission to help policymakers and stakeholders make sense of global developments. We are driven to offer the insights and analysis that can inform decision-making and forge a stronger America and more secure world. </p> <a href="https://youtu.be/lg_B1B99l-g" class="btn-ghost">Learn More</a> </div> </div> </article> <article class="split-70-30" data-bg-color="blue-800"> <div class="inner"> <div class="split-70-30-optional-title eyebrow"> ICYMI </div> <div class="split-70-30-container"> <div class="split-70-30-text"> <div class="eyebrow"> Interactive Map </div> <h2 class="h2 title -line-accent -line-animate -left" data-animation="custom"><a href="/article/mapping-undersea-infrastructure-attacks-baltic-sea" hreflang="en"> Mapping Undersea Infrastructure Attacks in the Baltic Sea </a></h2> <p>An increasingly frequent number of cases of damage to undersea infrastructure in the Baltic Sea have been reported since the start of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The Wilson Center has mapped these cases, and put together a timeline covering what happened, where it happened, and who is suspected.</p> </div> <div class="split-70-30-image"> <picture><source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/1020x675/public/media/uploads/images/Picture_1.webp" type="image/webp"/><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/1020x675/public/media/uploads/images/Picture_1.png" width="1020" height="675" alt="Baltic sea cable break map"> </picture> </div> </div> </div> </article> </article> </main> <footer class="site-footer"> <div class="inner"> <div class="site-footer-email-sub"> <form class="form" method="get" action="https://engage.wilsoncenter.org/onlineactions/WpUYj9S_MkydZEXxsyWeYw2"> <div class="h3 -line-accent -line-accent" data-animation="custom">Bring context to your world</div> <div class="form-item"> <label for="subscribe-email" class="visually-hidden">Enter your email address</label> <input id="subscribe-email" type="email" placeholder="Enter your email address" name="em"> <button class="btn-primary btn" aria-invalid="false">Subscribe</button> </div> </form> </div> <div class="site-footer-content"> <div class="site-footer-grid-item"> <a class="site-footer-logo" href="/" aria-label="Wilson Center"> <img src="/themes/custom/wilson/assets/images/footer-logo.svg" alt="Wilson Center" width="100%" height="auto"> </a> <div class="h4 -white">Congressionally Chartered.<br>Scholarship Driven.<br>Fiercely Nonpartisan.</div> <a href="/about">Learn about us</a> <address> One Woodrow Wilson Plaza<br>1300 Pennsylvania Ave. NW<br>Washington, DC 20004-3027 </address> <a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/The+Wilson+Center/@38.8934628,-77.0325588,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x89b7b79762f518d1:0x3e73088a9489b574!8m2!3d38.8934586!4d-77.0303701" class="local" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">Map</a> </div> <div class="site-footer-grid-item"> <nav class="site-footer-nav" aria-label="Footer Navigation"> <ul> <li> <a href="/about" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/119">About the Wilson Center</a> </li> <li> <a href="/programs" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/4">Programs</a> </li> <li> <a href="/careers-fellowships-internships" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/16">Careers, Fellowships & Internships</a> </li> <li> <a href="/press-room" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/95625">For Media</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="site-footer-grid-item"> <nav class="site-footer-nav" aria-label="Footer Navigation"> <ul> <li> <a href="/events" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/10">Events</a> </li> <li> <a href="/contact-us" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/17">Contact</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.wilsonquarterly.com/" class="wilson-quarterly">Wilson Quarterly</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/">Digital Archive</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="site-footer-grid-item"> <div class="h5 -white">Support fiercely nonpartisan policy analysis</div> <a class="btn-primary -white" href="https://engage.wilsoncenter.org/onlineactions/KxzFKo0YTk2W8uYVKK5HKg2">Donate</a> <nav class="site-footer-social" aria-label="Social Media Links"> <ul> <li><a href="https://x.com/thewilsoncenter" class="icon-social-x"><span class="sr-text">X</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/woodrowwilsoncenter" class="icon-social-facebook"><span class="sr-text">Facebook</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/woodrowwilsoncenter" class="icon-social-youtube"><span class="sr-text">YouTube</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/woodrow-wilson-international-center-for-scholars" class="icon-social-linkedin"><span class="sr-text">LinkedIn</span></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.instagram.com/thewilsoncenter" class="icon-social-insta"><span class="sr-text">Instagram</span></a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="site-footer-grid-item site-footer-copyright"> <div>© 2025 The Wilson Center. All Rights Reserved</div> <nav class="site-footer-nav -legals" aria-label="Footer Navigation"> <ul> <li> <a href="/2023-donors">2023 Donors</a> </li> <li> <a href="/990-formsbudgets">990 Forms</a> </li> <li> <a href="/privacy-policy">Privacy Policy</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <div class="video-modal"> <div class="modal-accent-watermark"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="wc-logo-svg" aria-hidden="1" viewBox="0 2 56 42" > <path class="pipe" d="m66.31.49h-1.74v45.16h1.74V.49Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <g class="text"> <path d="m129.45,16.04c0-5.34-7.68-4.05-7.68-6.3,0-.96.52-1.29,1.61-1.29.92,0,1.77.43,1.84,1.39l3.58-.03c-.2-3.15-2.62-4.21-5.45-4.21-2.36,0-5.74,1.33-5.74,4.31,0,3.35,2.4,3.91,4.96,4.58.79.2,2.72.7,2.72,1.82.03,1.09-.82,1.59-1.9,1.59-1.18,0-2.1-.63-2.2-1.72h-3.71c.07,3.28,2.79,4.58,5.91,4.58,2.49,0,6.07-1.59,6.07-4.71Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m137.85,20.71c4.4,0,7.02-3.08,7.02-7.59-.03-4.51-2.66-7.56-7.06-7.56s-6.99,3.08-6.99,7.59,2.62,7.56,7.02,7.56Zm-.03-12.33c2.46,0,2.89,2.45,2.89,4.74s-.39,4.74-2.85,4.74c-2.46.03-2.89-2.42-2.89-4.74s.39-4.74,2.85-4.74Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m159.93,11.26c0-.22,0-.55-.04-.93-.03-.46-.08-.86-.15-1.16-.05-.23-.15-.44-.26-.63-.21-.46-.52-.86-.91-1.19,0,0,0,0-.01-.01-.12-.1-.24-.2-.37-.29-.03-.02-.06-.04-.09-.06-.96-.65-2.13-.99-2.89-.99-2.07.03-3.35.86-4.17,2.12-.07.07-.07-.07-.07-.07l.03-1.89h-4v14.19h4s-.03-7.29-.03-8.36c0-.56.08-1.04.21-1.44.02-.04.03-.08.05-.12.01-.04.03-.07.05-.11.17-.35.39-.62.75-.88.49-.36,1.08-.53,1.71-.53.4,0,.74.1,1.05.26.87.57,1.09,1.75,1.12,2.82l-.03,8.36h4.04s.03,0,.03,0v-8.69s0-.05,0-.07v-.32Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m85.87,42.53c-2.92,0-3.68-4.41-3.68-7.16s.72-7.2,3.64-7.2c2.46,0,3.71,1.66,3.68,3.71h4.33c-.2-4.91-3.64-6.73-8.04-6.73-5.55.03-8.04,4.51-8.01,10.25.03,5.7,2.53,10.21,8.07,10.18,4.4-.03,7.84-1.89,8.01-6.8h-4.36c.03,2.09-1.18,3.75-3.64,3.75Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m108.22,36.56c-.1-.86-.29-1.72-.66-2.49-1.12-2.45-3.18-3.35-5.68-3.35-4.07,0-6.4,3.22-6.4,7.43,0,4.68,1.84,7.36,6.4,7.36,3.08,0,5.68-1.13,6-4.58h-3.58c-.36,1.29-1.05,1.82-2.43,1.82-2.07,0-2.3-1.69-2.3-3.51h8.73c0-.93,0-1.82-.1-2.69Zm-8.63-.1c.03-1.53.43-2.95,2.26-2.95,1.94,0,2.33,1.43,2.33,2.95h-4.59Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m131.48,27.21l-4,1.49v2.72l-2.69-.03v2.72h2.69l.03,6.76c0,2.98.69,4.64,3.81,4.64.56,0,2.69-.2,3.15-.43v-2.42c-.43.03-.85.1-1.28.1-1.41,0-1.67-.5-1.67-2.29l-.03-6.37h3.02v-2.72h-3.02v-4.18Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m148.84,36.53c-.1-.86-.29-1.72-.66-2.49-1.12-2.45-3.18-3.32-5.68-3.32-4.04.03-6.37,3.25-6.37,7.46,0,4.68,1.84,7.36,6.4,7.36,3.08,0,5.68-1.16,6.01-4.61h-3.58c-.36,1.29-1.05,1.82-2.43,1.82-2.04,0-2.3-1.69-2.3-3.51l8.7-.03c0-.93,0-1.82-.1-2.69Zm-8.56-.1c.03-1.53.43-2.95,2.26-2.95,1.94,0,2.33,1.43,2.33,2.95h-4.59Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m155.17,33.91h-.07l-.1-2.59h-3.74c.03,1.03.13,2.22.13,2.82l.07,11.37h4.1l-.03-7.03c.03-.93.13-1.72.56-2.52.39-.6,1.31-.99,2-1.06h1.8v-3.75c-2.07-.07-3.84.53-4.72,2.75Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <rect x="104.28" y=".52" width="3.9" height="3.51" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <rect x="104.28" y="5.99" width="3.9" height="14.36" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <rect x="111.33" y=".52" width="3.77" height="19.83" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <polygon points="85.48 20.35 89.41 5.53 93.35 20.35 97.62 20.35 102.44 .52 98.4 .52 95.35 14.35 91.87 .52 87.08 .52 83.44 14.15 80.46 .52 76.35 .52 81.11 20.35 85.48 20.35" fill="#5d5d5d"/> <path d="m122.29,32.85c-.36-.46-1.02-.9-1.67-1.19-.66-.3-1.38-.43-2.2-.43-1.84,0-2.82.66-4.04,2.25v-2.16h-3.9v14.19h3.87v-6.33c0-1.56-.03-2.72.16-3.28.2-.56.43-.93.92-1.29.49-.36,1.08-.53,1.71-.53.49,0,.92.13,1.28.36.36.23.59.6.76,1.03.16.43.23,1.39.23,2.92v7.13h3.94v-8.69c0-1.09-.07-1.92-.2-2.49-.13-.6-.53-1.03-.85-1.49Z" fill="#5d5d5d"/> </g> <g class="mark"> <polygon points="47.31 .49 33.86 32.95 27.86 18.52 21.85 32.68 8.46 .49 -.07 .49 20.73 45.61 27.89 30.29 35.04 45.61 55.85 .49 47.31 .49" fill="#006caf"/> <polygon points="25.79 13.52 20.34 .49 12.83 .49 21.92 23.27 25.79 13.52" fill="#006caf"/> <polygon points="33.79 23.27 42.88 .49 35.37 .49 29.92 13.52 33.79 23.27" fill="#006caf"/> <polygon points="30.97 .49 24.7 .49 27.86 8.31 30.97 .49" fill="#006caf"/> </g> </svg> </div> <div class="video-modal-inner"> <div class="video-modal-embed-container"></div> <button class="video-modal-close btn-circle-border -white icon-close js-video-modal-close"><span class="sr-text">Close</span></button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="blocker js-blocker"></div> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_ffzSaPIPIODDYdgBwlCrMktcIp84SkzKkFAK3sPoZtg.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=wilson&include=eJwrz8wpzs_TLwdTOqml8cn5-dmZqUAqtyAnMzEvOVUfmyAAbAQWHQ"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/eu_cookie_compliance/js/eu_cookie_compliance.min.js?v=10.3.10" defer></script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Wilson Center