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You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details.</div></div><hr /> <p>Anda dapat melihat atau menyalin sumber halaman ini. </p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="id" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1"> {{Tanda baca}} '''Interobang'''<ref>{{Cite book|title=Istilah Teknologi Informasi Bahasa Indonesia|year=2003|url=https://archive.org/details/bahasaindonesia00baha|last=Pusat Bahasa|first=|publisher=|isbn=|location=Rawamangun, Jakarta Timur|pages=|url-status=live}}</ref> (bahasa Inggris: ''interrobang''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/interrobang|title=Interrobang|last=|first=|date=|website=|access-date=2020-06-10}}</ref>), ('''‽''', juga sering ditulis '''?!''', '''!?''', '''?!?''', atau '''!?!'''), adalah tanda baca tidak konvensional yang digunakan dalam berbagai bahasa dan bertujuan menggabungkan fungsi [[tanda tanya]] (tanda interogatif) dengan [[tanda seru]] (dalam [[istilah]] [[percetakan]] dan [[pemrograman]], disebut "bang").<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=4t4NAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA44&lpg=PA44&dq=%22interrogative+point%22&redir_esc=y&hl=id#v=onepage&q=%22interrogative%20point%22&f=false|title=A Course of Reading for Common Schools and the Lower Classes of Academies|last=Mandeville|first=Henry|date=1851|website=|access-date=2020-06-10}}</ref> Simbolnya berupa tanda seru dan tanda tanya yang bertumpuk.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://speechcode.com/jargon/jargon.info.Top.html|title=The Jargon File|last=Gleckler|first=Arthur|date=|website=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426091238/http://speechcode.com/jargon/jargon.info.Top.html|access-date=2020-06-10}}</ref> Tanda baca ini pertama kali diusulkan Martin K. Speckter pada 1962.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/02/16/obituaries/martin-k-speckter-73-creator-of-interrobang.html|title=Martin K. Speckter, 73, Creator of Interrobang|last=|first=|date=1988-02-16|work=|access-date=2020-06-10|publisher=The New York Times}}</ref> == Penggunaan == Kalimat yang diakhiri tanda interobang menandakan pertanyaan dengan seruan, menyatakan kegembiraan atau ketidakpercayaan, serta [[Retoris|pertanyaan retoris]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thoughtco.com/interrobang-punctuation-term-1691181|title=Interrobang (Punctuation)|last=Nordquist|first=Richard|date=2019-03-16|website=ThoughtCo.|access-date=2020-06-10}}</ref> Contoh: * Kamu sebut itu topi‽ * Kamu sekarat‽ * Apa itu‽ Penulis yang menggunakan bahasa nonformal mungkin memakai beberapa tanda tanya dan tanda seru bergantian sebagai penekanan; tetapi ini dianggap gaya yang kurang baik dalam tulisan formal.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/qanda/data/faq/topics/Punctuation.html?page=2|title=Chicago Style Q&A. Chicago Manual of Style Online (15th ed.)|last=|first=|date=|website=Punctuation|access-date=2020-06-10}}</ref> == Sejarah == [[Berkas:Interrobang.svg|kiri|jmpl|145x145px|Interobang dalam fon [[Palatino]] Linotype]] Secara sejarah, penulis telah menggunakan beberapa tanda baca di akhir kalimat untuk mengungkapkan rasa terkejut dan pertanyaan. {{Kutipan|What the...?! Neves, Called Dead in Fall, Denies It|judul berita dari San Francisco Examiner, 9 Mei 1936}} === Penemuan === Martin K. Speckter (1915 – 1988),<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/02/16/obituaries/martin-k-speckter-73-creator-of-interrobang.html|title=Martin K. Speckter, 73, Creator of Interrobang|last=|first=|date=1988-02-16|work=|access-date=2020-06-10|publisher=The New York Times}}</ref> asal AS, menggagas interobang pada 1962. Sebagai kepala [[agen periklanan]], Speckter berpendapat bahwa iklan akan terlihat lebih bagus jika penulis [[naskah iklan]] menyampaikan pertanyaan retoris kejutan dengan satu tanda baca. Dia mengusulkan konsep tanda baca tunggal ini dalam sebuah artikel di majalah ''TYPEtalks''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=|title=Making a New Point, or, How About That …|last=Spekter|first=Martin K.|date=1962 (Maret–April)|work=TYPEtalks|access-date=}}</ref> Speckter menyebutkan beberapa usulan nama untuk tanda baca baru tersebut dari pembaca, seperti ''exclamaquest, QuizDing, rhet,'' dan ''exclatorive,''<ref>{{Cite book|title=Just My Type: A Book About Fonts|url=https://archive.org/details/justmytypebookab0000garf|last=Garfield|first=Simon|date=2010|publisher=Profile.|isbn=978-1-84668-301-5|location=London|pages=[https://archive.org/details/justmytypebookab0000garf/page/269 269]|url-status=live}}</ref> tapi akhirnya memilih ''interobang''. Dia memilih nama tersebut sebagai rujukan pada dua tanda baca yang menginspirasinya: ''interrogatio'', 'pertanyaan retoris' atau 'pengujian silang' dalam bahasa Latin;<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://humanities.byu.edu/rhetoric/Figures/I/interrogatio.htm|title=Interrogatio|last=Burton|first=Gideon O.|date=|work=Silva Rhetoricae: The Forest of Rhetoric. Brigham Young University|access-date=2020-06-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051119182734/http://humanities.byu.edu/rhetoric/figures/I/interrogatio.htm|archive-date=2005-11-19}}</ref> dan ''bang,'' [[Slang|istilah slang]] percetakan untuk tanda seru. Desain grafis untuk tanda baca baru itu juga diusulkan sebagai balasan artikel tersebut.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fonthaus.com/xheight/interrobang.cfm|title=The Interrobang Is Back|last=Haley|first=Allan|date=2001|website=fonthaus.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080507055249/http://www.fonthaus.com/xheight/interrobang.cfm|archive-date=2008-05-07|access-date=2020-06-10}}</ref> === Ketertarikan awal === Pada 1965, Richard Isbell membuat [[rupa huruf]] [[Americana (rupa huruf)|Americana]] untuk [[American Type Founders]] dan memasukkan interobang sebagai salah satu karakternya.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Shady Characters: The Secret Life of Punctuation, Symbols, & Other Typographical Marks|url=https://archive.org/details/shadycharacterss0000hous|last=Houston|first=Keith|date=2013|publisher=W. W. Norton|isbn=|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/shadycharacterss0000hous/page/29 29]|url-status=live}}</ref> Pada 1968, tombol interobang tersedia di beberapa [[Mesin ketik|mesin tik]] [[Remington Rand|Remington]]. Pada 1970-an, suku cadang tombol dan rupa huruf interobang tersedia untuk beberapa mesin tik [[Smith-Corona]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sites.google.com/site/rpforwarded/Home/interrobang1.jpg|title=Smith-Corona flyer illustrating the Changeable Type system with an exclamation mark / interrobang unit|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090326214527/http://sites.google.com/site/rpforwarded/Home/interrobang1.jpg|archive-date=2009-03-26|access-date=2020-06-10}}</ref> Interobang menjadi mode selama 1960-an; kata interrobang muncul di beberapa kamus, dan tanda baca (‽) digunakan dalam majalah dan artikel koran.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fonthaus.com/xheight/interrobang.cfm|title=The Interrobang Is Back|last=Haley|first=Allan|date=2001|website=fonthaus.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080507055249/http://www.fonthaus.com/xheight/interrobang.cfm|archive-date=2008-05-07|access-date=2020-06-10}}</ref> === Dukungan berkelanjutan === Kebanyakan [[Fon (tipografi)|fon]] tidak mencakup interobang, tapi tanda baca ini tetap ada. Lucida Grande, fon asali untuk banyak unsur [[antarmuka]] versi lama [[sistem operasi]] [[Os x|OS X]] [[Apple Inc.|Apple]], mencakup interobang, dan [[Microsoft]] menyediakan beberapa versi interobang dalam set karakter [[Wingdings 2]] termasuk dalam [[Microsoft Office]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.interrobang-mks.com/|title=The INTERROBANG: A twentieth century punctuation mark.|last=|first=|date=1962|website=|access-date=2020-06-10}}</ref> Tanda baca ini dimasukkan dalam Unicode<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U2000.pdf|title=Unicode Code Charts, General Punctuation, 2000–206F|last=|first=|date=|website=|access-date=2020-06-10}}</ref> dan beberapa fon, seperti Lucida Sans Unicode, Arial Unicode MS, dan Calibri, fon asali untuk Office 2007, 2010, dan [[Microsoft Office 2013|2013]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.msdn.com/fontblog/archive/2005/12/22/506936.aspx|title=fontblog|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100307025631/http://blogs.msdn.com/fontblog/archive/2005/12/22/506936.aspx|archive-date=2010-03-07|access-date=}}</ref> == Interobang terbalik == Interobang yang terbalik dan dicerminkan (gabungan tanda baca '''¿''' dan '''¡''', menjadi '''⸘'''), untuk awal kalimat bahasa [[Bahasa Spanyol|Spanyol]], [[Bahasa Galisia|Galisia]], dan [[Bahasa Asturia|Asturia]] yang menggunakan tanda tanya dan tanda seru terbalik, disebut "interobang terbalik" atau "gnaboretni" (''interobang'' ditulis terbalik), tapi lebih umum yang pertama.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U2E00.pdf|title=Unicode Code Charts, Supplemental Punctuation, 2E00–2E7F|last=|first=|date=|website=|access-date=2020-06-10}}</ref> Sekarang, keambiguan penekanan seperti interobang dalam bahasa Hispanik dinyatakan dengan menulis kedua pasang tanda baca berturut-turut (''¿¡De verdad!?'' atau ''¡¿De verdad?!'', [''Benarkah!?'']).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rae.es/dpd/interrogación|title=interrogación, exclamación, interrogación y exclamación, signos de interrogación y exclamación {{!}} Diccionario panhispánico de dudas|last=RAE|last2=RAE|website=«Diccionario panhispánico de dudas»|language=es|access-date=2020-06-10}}</ref> Dalam cara penulisan yang lebih tua dan resmi namun tidak lazim, disarankan mencampurkan tanda baca (''¡Verdad?'' atau ''¿Verdad!'').<ref>{{Cite book|title=Manual de diseño editorial (3rd ed.)|last=de Buen|first=Jorge|date=2008|publisher=Trea|isbn=978-84-9704-378-6|location=Gijón|pages=|url-status=live}}</ref> == Input dan tampilan == Sedikit rupa huruf atau fon yang memiliki karakter interobang. Interobang standar memiliki kode Unicode {{unichar|203D|Interrobang}}, serta interobang terbalik dengan kode {{unichar|2E18|inverted interrobang}}.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/wg2/docs/n2935.pdf|title=Proposal to add INVERTED INTERROBANG to the UCS|last=Everson|first=Michael|date=2005|website=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524202155/http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/wg2/docs/n2935.pdf|archive-date=2011-05-24|access-date=}}</ref> Karakter tunggal untuk versi dua [[glif]] juga tersedia dengan kode {{unichar|2048|question exclamation mark}} dan {{unichar|2049|exclamation question mark}}.<ref name=":0" /> Tergantung jenis [[Penjelajah web|peramban]] dan fon yang diinstalasi oleh pengguna, beberapa karakter berikut mungkin tidak muncul atau diganti dengan karakter dari fon berbeda. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" !Gambar !Fon Asali ![[Arial]] ![[Calibri]] !Code2000 !Courier !Fixed ![[Helvetica]] ![[Palatino]] ![[Times New Roman]] ! class="noprint" |[[Unicode]]{{Efn|The Unicode column uses one of a selection of wide coverage Unicode fonts depending on what is installed on the user's system}} |- style="font-size: 4em;" |[[File:Interrobang.svg|39x39px]] |‽ | style="font-family: 'Arial';" |‽ | style="font-family: Calibri;" |‽ | style="font-family: Code2000;" |‽ | style="font-family: 'Courier Prime', Courier, 'Courier New';" |‽ | style="font-family: Fixed;" |‽ | style="font-family: Helvetica;" |‽ | style="font-family: 'Palatino Linotype';" |‽ | style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';" |‽ | class="noprint" |‽ |- | colspan="10" class="noprint" | <references group="lower-alpha" responsive="1"></references> <br /> |} Interobang dapat dimunculkan di beberapa [[Pengolah kata|program pengolah kata]] Windows dengan {{key press|Alt|8253}}.{{Butuh rujukan|date=March 2020}} Pada sistem Linux yang mendukung tombol ''Compose'', interobang dapat dimunculkan dengan {{Key press|Compose|!|?|chain=}}; membalikkan urutannya ({{Key press|Compose|?|!|chain=}}) menghasilkan interobang terbalik. Pada Mac OS X, interobang tersedia di ''Character Palette'', yang diperoleh dengan menekan kombinasi {{keypress|Ctrl|cmd|Space}}. Interobang dapat dimasukkan pada [[HTML]] dengan {{code|&#8253;}}. Interobang dapat ditampilkan pada [[LaTeX]] dengat paket ''textcomp'' dan perintah {{code|\textinterrobang}}, sementara interobang terbalik dengan perintah {{code|\textinterrobangdown}}. == Penggunaan penting == [[Perpustakaan Negara Bagian New South Wales]] menggunakan interobang sebagai logonya,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sl.nsw.gov.au/about-library/library-executive|title=State Library of New South Wales|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201043014/http://www.sl.nsw.gov.au/about/organisation/executive.html|archive-date=2016-02-01|access-date=2020-06-10}}</ref> begitu pula perusahaan penerbit edukasi [[Pearson plc|Pearson]], yang bermaksud menyampaikan keseruan dan kesenangan dalam belajar.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pearson.com/content/dam/corporate/global/pearson-dot-com-v2/files/logos/Pearson_Guidelines_Logo.pdf|title=Pearson Brand Guidelines: Logo|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312102802/https://www.pearson.com/content/dam/corporate/global/pearson-dot-com-v2/files/logos/Pearson_Guidelines_Logo.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-12|access-date=2020-06-10}}</ref> Hakim, Frank H. Easterbrook, menggunakan interobang dalam opini pengadilan ''Robert F. Booth Trust v. Crowley'' tahun 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://99percentinvisible.org/episode/interrobang/|title=Interrobang|last=Mars|first=Roman|date=|website=99% Invisible|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180730035659/https://99percentinvisible.org/episode/interrobang/transcript/|archive-date=2018-07-30|access-date=2020-06-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCOURTS-ca7-10-03285/pdf/USCOURTS-ca7-10-03285-0.pdf|title=Robert F. Booth Trust v. Crowley|last=Easterbrook|first=Frank H.|date=|website=|access-date=}}</ref> Hakim Pengadilan Federal Australia, Michael Wigney menggunakan interobang pada paragraf pertama dalam keputusan kasus ''Faruqi v Latham [2018] FCA 1328''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.judgments.fedcourt.gov.au/judgments/Judgments/fca/single/2018/2018fca1328|title=Faruqi v Latham [2018] FCA 1328|last=Wigney J.|first=|date=|website=|access-date=}}</ref> [[Film cerita seru|Film tegang]] Italia berjudul ''[[Interrabang (film)|Interrabang]]'' dirilis pada 31 Desember 1969.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0064488/|title=Interrabang (1969)|last=IMDb|first=|date=|website=|access-date=2020-06-10}}</ref> Grup [[musik rok]] Bayside memberi judul album studio ke-8 mereka ''Interrobang.''<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.getalternative.com/interview-on-interrobang-bayside-have-more-statements-than-questions/|title=Interview: On ‘Interrobang,’ Bayside have more statements than questions|last=Bruton|first=Michelle|date=2019-10-17|website=|access-date=2020-06-10}}</ref> == Lihat juga == * Tanda ironi (⸮) * Tanda tanya dan tanda seru terbalik (¿¡) == Pranala luar == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20041013080952/http://www.interrobang-mks.com/ The Interrobang: A twentieth-century punctuation mark] * [http://fontfeed.com/archives/the-interrobang-and-national-punctuation-day National Punctuation Day Reignites: Interrobang Passion] * [https://99percentinvisible.org/episode/interrobang/ 99 Percent Invisible podcast episode and article about the interrobang] [[Kategori:Simbol tipografi]] [[Kategori:Tanda baca]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p>Templat yang digunakan di halaman ini: </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Aligned_table" title="Templat:Aligned table">Templat:Aligned table</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Templat:Aligned_table&action=edit" title="Templat:Aligned table">sunting</a>) </li><li><a 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