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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnoreligious community of Hindu Brahmins</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Tamil Brahmin</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Tamil_Brahmin_Hindu_Marriage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Tamil_Brahmin_Hindu_Marriage.jpg/220px-Tamil_Brahmin_Hindu_Marriage.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Tamil_Brahmin_Hindu_Marriage.jpg/330px-Tamil_Brahmin_Hindu_Marriage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Tamil_Brahmin_Hindu_Marriage.jpg/440px-Tamil_Brahmin_Hindu_Marriage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A Tamil Brahmin wedding ceremony</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Tamil_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamil people">Tamil people</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Tamil Brahmins</b> are an ethnoreligious community of <a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a>-speaking <a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindu</a> <a href="/wiki/Brahmin" title="Brahmin">Brahmins</a>, predominantly living in <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>, though they number significantly in <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a> in addition to other regions of <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. They can be broadly divided into two denominations: <a href="/wiki/Iyengar" title="Iyengar">Iyengars</a>, who are adherents of <a href="/wiki/Sri_Vaishnavism" title="Sri Vaishnavism">Sri Vaishnavism</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Iyers" class="mw-redirect" title="Iyers">Iyers</a>, who follow the <a href="/wiki/Srauta" class="mw-redirect" title="Srauta">Srauta</a> and <a href="/wiki/Smarta_tradition" title="Smarta tradition">Smarta traditions</a>. </p><p>They also constitute nowadays an important portion of the <a href="/wiki/South_Indian_Tamil_diaspora" class="mw-redirect" title="South Indian Tamil diaspora">South Indian Tamil diaspora</a> worldwide. </p><p>Although they form a tiny minority within their society, the Ceylonese Tamil Brahmins have been integral part of <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_Tamil" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Lankan Tamil">Sri Lankan Tamil</a> community since the foundation of the <a href="/wiki/Jaffna_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaffna Kingdom">Jaffna Kingdom</a> by a family of Tamil Brahmins, namely the <a href="/wiki/Aryacakravarti" class="mw-redirect" title="Aryacakravarti">Aryacakravarti</a> dynasty.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their community was mainly strengthened by the more recent settlement of Tamil Brahmins from the Iyer caste in <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>, mostly from the second half of the 18th century.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Denominations">Denominations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tamil_Brahmin&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Denominations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tamil Brahmins are divided into two major denominations: Iyers, who follow the <a href="/wiki/Smarta_tradition" title="Smarta tradition">Smarta tradition</a>, and Iyengars, who adhere to the tradition of <a href="/wiki/Sri_Vaishnavism" title="Sri Vaishnavism">Sri Vaishnavism</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iyer">Iyer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tamil_Brahmin&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Iyer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Iyer" title="Iyer">Iyer</a></div> <p>Iyers are <i><a href="/wiki/Srauta" class="mw-redirect" title="Srauta">Shrauta</a>-<a href="/wiki/Smartha" class="mw-redirect" title="Smartha">Smarta</a></i> Brahmins, whose members follow the <i><a href="/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta" title="Advaita Vedanta">Advaita</a></i> philosophy propounded by <a href="/wiki/Adi_Shankara" title="Adi Shankara">Adi Shankara</a>. They are concentrated mainly along the <a href="/wiki/Cauvery" class="mw-redirect" title="Cauvery">Cauvery</a> Delta <a href="/wiki/Districts" class="mw-redirect" title="Districts">districts</a> of <a href="/wiki/Nagapattinam_district" title="Nagapattinam district">Nagapattinam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thanjavur_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Thanjavur District">Thanjavur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tiruvarur_district" title="Tiruvarur district">Tiruvarur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tiruchirapalli_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiruchirapalli District">Tiruchirapalli</a> where they form almost 10% of the total population. However the largest population reside in <a href="/wiki/Nagercoil" title="Nagercoil">Nagercoil</a>, making up to 13% of the city's population.<sup id="cite_ref-hindu.com_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hindu.com-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ghuryep393_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ghuryep393-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-migrationp5_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-migrationp5-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are also found in significant numbers in <a href="/wiki/Chennai" title="Chennai">Chennai</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-migrationp15_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-migrationp15-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Coimbatore" title="Coimbatore">Coimbatore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madurai" title="Madurai">Madurai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thiruchirappalli" class="mw-redirect" title="Thiruchirappalli">Thiruchirappalli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thanjavur" title="Thanjavur">Thanjavur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palakkad" title="Palakkad">Palakkad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alappuzha" title="Alappuzha">Alappuzha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kozhikode" title="Kozhikode">Kozhikode</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ernakulam" title="Ernakulam">Ernakulam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kannur" title="Kannur">Kannur</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Thiruvananthapuram" title="Thiruvananthapuram">Thiruvananthapuram</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iyengar">Iyengar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tamil_Brahmin&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Iyengar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Iyengar" title="Iyengar">Iyengar</a></div> <p>The Iyengars subscribe to the <a href="/wiki/Visishtadvaita" class="mw-redirect" title="Visishtadvaita">Visishtadvaita</a> philosophy propounded by <a href="/wiki/Sri_Ramanujacharya" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Ramanujacharya">Ramanuja.</a> They are divided into two denominations: Vadakalai (Northern art) and Tenkalai (Southern art), each with minor differences in religious rites and traditions. They adhere to the tradition of Sri Vaishnavism.<sup id="cite_ref-Dutta2007_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dutta2007-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Adi_Saivas/Gurukkal"><span id="Adi_Saivas.2FGurukkal"></span>Adi Saivas/Gurukkal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tamil_Brahmin&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Adi Saivas/Gurukkal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Brahmins who serve as priests in temples following the Vaishnavite and Shaivite tradition and perform <a href="/wiki/Puja_(Hinduism)" title="Puja (Hinduism)">pujas</a> are offered a distinct category classified outside the community by the Government of Tamil Nadu as '703.Adi Saivar' and '754.Saiva Sivachariyar' as distinct from the '713.Brahmanar' (Brahmin) in the list of forward castes. These priests are called "Bhattar" in the Vaishnavite tradition and in the Pandya regions of Tamil Nadu, and "Ayyan" or "Gurukkal" in the shaivite tradition and in northern ones. In <a href="/wiki/Kongu_Nadu" title="Kongu Nadu">Kongu Nadu</a>, they are called Adi Saivas (among other spellings Asishaivas, Adi-Shaivas, etc.; from Sanskrit <span title="Sanskrit-language text"><i lang="sa-Latn">Ādiśaiva</i></span>, <span title="Sanskrit-language text"><span lang="sa">आदिशैव</span></span>), or the Sivacharyas. They follow the <a href="/wiki/Agama_(Hinduism)" title="Agama (Hinduism)">Agamas</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tamil_Brahmin&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agastya" title="Agastya">Sage Agastya</a>, revered Indian sage of <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, Tamil Siddhar in the <a href="/wiki/Shaivism" title="Shaivism">Shaivism</a> tradition, and author of <a href="/wiki/Agattiyam" title="Agattiyam">Agattiyam</a>, an early grammar of the Tamil language<sup id="cite_ref-zvelebil_companion_agathiar_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zvelebil_companion_agathiar-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rukmini_Devi_Arundale" title="Rukmini Devi Arundale">Rukmini Devi Arundale</a>, Indian classical <a href="/wiki/Bharatanatyam" title="Bharatanatyam">Bharatanatyam</a> dancer, theosophist, choreographer and an activist for <a href="/wiki/Animal_welfare" title="Animal welfare">animal welfare</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subramania_Bharati" title="Subramania Bharati">Subramania Bharati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_independence_movement" title="Indian independence movement">Indian independence</a> activist and poet<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subrahmanyan_Chandrasekhar" title="Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar">Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar</a>, Nobel Prize-winning Indian astrophysicist<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Sai_Deepak" title="J. Sai Deepak">J. Sai Deepak</a>, eminent Supreme Court lawyer most famous for his representations in the case on the entry of women to Sabarimala Temple.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shyamala_Gopalan" title="Shyamala Gopalan">Shyamala Gopalan</a>, American-Indian biomedical scientist, Mother of U.S. Vice President <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alladi_Krishnaswamy_Iyer" title="Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer">Alladi Krishnaswamy Iyer</a>, Indian lawyer and member of the <a href="/wiki/Constituent_Assembly_of_India" title="Constituent Assembly of India">Constituent Assembly of India</a> responsible for framing the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_India" title="Constitution of India">Constitution of India</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanuja" title="Ramanuja">Ramanuja</a> (c. 1077–1157 CE), Indian Hindu philosopher, guru and a social reformer.<sup id="cite_ref-Sydnor2012p20_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sydnor2012p20-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U._V._Swaminatha_Iyer" title="U. V. Swaminatha Iyer">U. V. Swaminatha Iyer</a>, Indian researcher and Tamil scholar<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kachiyapper" class="mw-redirect" title="Kachiyapper">Kachiyapper</a> (8th century), Indian poet and <a href="/wiki/Vedanta" title="Vedanta">Vedantist</a> and the author of <a href="/wiki/Kanda_Puranam" class="mw-redirect" title="Kanda Puranam">Kanda Puranam</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._S._Krishnan" title="K. S. Krishnan">K. S. Krishnan</a>, Indian physicist, co-discoverer of the <a href="/wiki/Raman_scattering" title="Raman scattering">Raman scattering</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iravatham_Mahadevan" title="Iravatham Mahadevan">Iravatham Mahadevan</a>, Indian <a href="/wiki/Epigraphist" class="mw-redirect" title="Epigraphist">epigraphist</a> and civil servant<sup id="cite_ref-mahadevan_interview_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mahadevan_interview-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paridhiyaar" class="mw-redirect" title="Paridhiyaar">Paridhiyaar</a>, medieval Tamil scholar and <a href="/wiki/Tirukkural" class="mw-redirect" title="Tirukkural">Kural</a> commentator<sup id="cite_ref-MVAravindan_Commentators_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MVAravindan_Commentators-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parimelalhagar" title="Parimelalhagar">Parimelalhagar</a>, medieval Tamil scholar and Kural commentator<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._S._Ramachandran" title="V. S. Ramachandran">V. S. Ramachandran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian-American">Indian-American</a> <a href="/wiki/Neuroscientist" title="Neuroscientist">neuroscientist</a> specializing in <a href="/wiki/Behavioral_neurology" title="Behavioral neurology">behavioral neurology</a> and known for inventing the <a href="/wiki/Mirror_box" class="mw-redirect" title="Mirror box">mirror box</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Colapinto_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Colapinto-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._V._Raman" title="C. V. Raman">C. V. Raman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a>-winning Indian physicist<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srinivasa_Ramanujan" title="Srinivasa Ramanujan">Srinivasa Ramanujan</a>, Indian <a href="/wiki/Mathematician" title="Mathematician">mathematician</a><sup id="cite_ref-Kanigel1991_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kanigel1991-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alladi_Ramakrishnan" title="Alladi Ramakrishnan">Alladi Ramakrishnan</a>, Indian physicist and founder of the <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Mathematical_Sciences,_Chennai" title="Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai">Institute of Mathematical Sciences</a> (Matscience) in <a href="/wiki/Chennai" title="Chennai">Chennai</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivek_Ramaswamy" title="Vivek Ramaswamy">Vivek Ramaswamy</a>, candidate in the USA 2024 Republican Party presidential primaries<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sivananda_Saraswati" title="Sivananda Saraswati">Sivananda Saraswati</a>, Indian <a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">yoga</a> guru, Hindu spiritual teacher, and proponent of <a href="/wiki/Vedanta" title="Vedanta">Vedanta</a><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._S._Seshadri" title="C. S. Seshadri">C. S. Seshadri</a>, mathematician.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T.N.Seshan" class="mw-redirect" title="T.N.Seshan">T.N.Seshan</a>, Chief Election Commissioner</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkappiyar" class="mw-redirect" title="Tolkappiyar">Tolkappiyar</a>, earliest known author and grammarian in Tamil language<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._R._Srinivasa_Varadhan" title="S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan">S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan</a>, Indian mathematician and <a href="/wiki/Abel_Prize" title="Abel Prize">Abel Prize</a> laureate<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramaswamy_Venkataraman" title="Ramaswamy Venkataraman">Ramaswamy Venkataraman</a>, Indian lawyer, independence activist and politician, who served as the eighth president of India<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tamil_Brahmin&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" 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priesthood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Brahmins" title="List of Brahmins">List of Brahmins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Iyengars" title="List of Iyengars">List of Iyengars</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tamil_Brahmin&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Madras+Miscellany%3A+The+Aiyar+from+Jaffna&rft.date=2016-10-22&rft.issn=0971-751X&rft.aulast=Muthiah&rft.aufirst=Subbiah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Ffeatures%2Fmetroplus%2FMadras-Miscellany-The-Aiyar-from-Jaffna%2Farticle16078721.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATamil+Brahmin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hindu.com-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hindu.com_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/Brahmins-seek-reservation-in-education-and-employment/article15305880.ece">"Brahmins seek reservation in education and employment"</a>. <i>The Hindu</i>. 19 September 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Ghurye</a>, Pg 393</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-migrationp5-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-migrationp5_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Migration_and_Urbanization_among_Tamil_Brahmans">Migration and Urbanization among Tamil Brahmans</a>, Pg 5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-migrationp15-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-migrationp15_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Migration_and_Urbanization_among_Tamil_Brahmans">Migration and Urbanization among Tamil Brahmans</a>, Pg 15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180520193405/https://www.dtnext.in/Lifestyle/Culture/2017/04/09210907/1030961/Approaching-societal-issues-through-the-eyes-of-Ambedkar.vpf">"Approaching societal issues through the eyes of Ambedkar"</a>. <i>dtNext.in</i>. 10 April 2017. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=dtNext.in&rft.atitle=Approaching+societal+issues+through+the+eyes+of+Ambedkar&rft.date=2017-04-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dtnext.in%2FLifestyle%2FCulture%2F2017%2F04%2F09210907%2F1030961%2FApproaching-societal-issues-through-the-eyes-of-Ambedkar.vpf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATamil+Brahmin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dutta2007-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dutta2007_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDutta2007" class="citation journal cs1">Dutta, Ranjeeta (September–October 2007). 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She Could Have Been India's First Female President!"</a>. <i>The Better India</i>. 8 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Pearson Education India. 2005. pp. 125–126. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788131705209" title="Special:BookSources/9788131705209"><bdi>9788131705209</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Literature%3A+An+Introduction&rft.pages=125-126&rft.pub=Pearson+Education+India&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9788131705209&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dmivv3p-msd8C%26pg%3DPA125&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATamil+Brahmin" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianexpress.com/article/who-is/who-is-subrahmanyan-chandrasekhar-nobel-prize-winner-physics-4897568/">"Who was S Chandrasekhar?"</a>. <i>The Indian Express</i>. 19 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2021</span>. <q>Ms. Harris's mother also figures in another tale told less often: of India's small and successful Tamil Brahmin diaspora</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=What+Kamala+Harris+Isn%27t+Saying+About+Her+Mother%27s+Background+-+WSJ&rft.date=2020-08-20&rft.aulast=Dhume&rft.aufirst=Sadanand&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fwhat-kamala-harris-isnt-saying-about-her-mothers-background-11597944590&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATamil+Brahmin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGopal1990" class="citation book cs1">Gopal, Madan (1990). K.S. 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Coimbatore: Ramakrishna Mission Vidhyalayam.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D%2C+%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D+%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81+%5BTirukkural%2C+Aaraicchi+Pathippu%5D&rft.place=Coimbatore&rft.edition=3&rft.pub=Ramakrishna+Mission+Vidhyalayam&rft.date=1963&rft.au=Ki.+Vaa.+Jagannathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATamil+Brahmin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Colapinto-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Colapinto_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColapinto2009" class="citation magazine cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Colapinto" title="John Colapinto">Colapinto, John</a> (4 May 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2009/05/11/brain-games">"Brain Games: The Marco Polo of neuroscience"</a>. <i>The New Yorker</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2022</span>. <q>In 1991, he became interested in the work of Tim Pons, a neuroscientist at the National Institute of Mental Health, who had been investigating the ability of neurons in the sensory cortex to adapt to change.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=Brain+Games%3A+The+Marco+Polo+of+neuroscience&rft.date=2009-05-04&rft.aulast=Colapinto&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fmagazine%2F2009%2F05%2F11%2Fbrain-games&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATamil+Brahmin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ndtv.com/education/cv-raman-birth-anniversary-2020-interesting-facts-about-nobel-laureate">"CV Raman Birth Anniversary 2020: Interesting Facts About The Nobel Laureate"</a>. <i>NDTV.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=India+Journal&rft.atitle=Alladi+Ramakrishnan%2C+85%2C+Scientist%2C+Passes+Away&rft.date=2008-07-13&rft.au=Staff+Reporter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiajournal.com%2Fpages%2Fevent.php%3Fid%3D3846&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATamil+Brahmin" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCelarier2022" class="citation news cs1">Celarier, Michelle (5 August 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theinformation.com/articles/the-making-of-a-conservative-culture-warrior">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'He's Making Up a World He Wants to Attack': How Vivek Ramaswamy Became a Right-Wing Culture Warrior"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Information_(website)" title="The Information (website)">The Information</a></i>. <q>The Ramaswamy family belongs to India's elite Brahmin caste, a fact he mentions several times in his book. 'Kings were below us,' he wrote</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Information&rft.atitle=%27He%27s+Making+Up+a+World+He+Wants+to+Attack%27%3A+How+Vivek+Ramaswamy+Became+a+Right-Wing+Culture+Warrior&rft.date=2022-08-05&rft.aulast=Celarier&rft.aufirst=Michelle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theinformation.com%2Farticles%2Fthe-making-of-a-conservative-culture-warrior&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATamil+Brahmin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dlshq.org/saints/his-holiness-sri-swami-sivananda-saraswati-maharaj/">"His Holiness Sri Swami Sivananda Saraswati Maharaj"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Divine_Life_Society" title="Divine Life Society">Divine Life Society</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=His+Holiness+Sri+Swami+Sivananda+Saraswati+Maharaj&rft.pub=Divine+Life+Society&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dlshq.org%2Fsaints%2Fhis-holiness-sri-swami-sivananda-saraswati-maharaj%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATamil+Brahmin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bhavana.org.in/proofs-transcendence-cs-seshadri/">"From Proofs to Transcendence, via Theorems and Rāgas – Bhāvanā"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2020</span>. <q>We are a Shree Vaishnavite Brahmin family</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=From+Proofs+to+Transcendence%2C+via+Theorems+and+R%C4%81gas+%E2%80%93+Bh%C4%81van%C4%81&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbhavana.org.in%2Fproofs-transcendence-cs-seshadri%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATamil+Brahmin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKamil_Zvelebil1973" class="citation cs2">Kamil Zvelebil (1973), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=degUAAAAIAAJ"><i>The Smile of Murugan: On Tamil Literature of South India</i></a>, BRILL, p. 136, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-03591-5" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-03591-5"><bdi>90-04-03591-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Smile+of+Murugan%3A+On+Tamil+Literature+of+South+India&rft.pages=136&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=90-04-03591-5&rft.au=Kamil+Zvelebil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdegUAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATamil+Brahmin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161105070617/http://www.abelprisen.no/binfil/download.php?tid=56998">"Srinivasa Varadhan"</a>. <i>Abel Prisen</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abelprisen.no/binfil/download.php?tid=56998">the original</a> on 5 November 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2018</span>. <q> I came from a Brahmin community, viewed by the government as privileged, and there was reverse discrimination</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Abel+Prisen&rft.atitle=Srinivasa+Varadhan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abelprisen.no%2Fbinfil%2Fdownload.php%3Ftid%3D56998&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATamil+Brahmin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/lok-sabha-elections/tamil-nadu/news/how-brahmins-became-invisible-in-tamil-nadus-politics/articleshow/68842141.cms">"How Brahmins became invisible in Tamil Nadu's politics"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>. 12 April 2019. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257">0971-8257</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2024</span>. <q>Though many Brahmins like R Venkataraman, Mani Shankar Aiyar, and Subramanian Swamy shot into prominence in politics in later years, they chose to operate from Delhi.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=How+Brahmins+became+invisible+in+Tamil+Nadu%E2%80%99s+politics&rft.date=2019-04-12&rft.issn=0971-8257&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Felections%2Flok-sabha-elections%2Ftamil-nadu%2Fnews%2Fhow-brahmins-became-invisible-in-tamil-nadus-politics%2Farticleshow%2F68842141.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATamil+Brahmin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRajesh_Ramachandran2004" class="citation news cs1">Rajesh Ramachandran (2 April 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/take-2-for-tambrams/articleshow/595669.cms">"Take 2 for Tambrams"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257">0971-8257</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Take+2+for+Tambrams&rft.date=2004-04-02&rft.issn=0971-8257&rft.au=Rajesh+Ramachandran&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2Ftake-2-for-tambrams%2Farticleshow%2F595669.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATamil+Brahmin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWitzel1993" class="citation journal cs1">Witzel, Michael (1993). "Toward a History of the Brahmins". <i>Journal of the American Oriental Society</i>. <b>113</b> (2): 264–268. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F603031">10.2307/603031</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0003-0279">0003-0279</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/603031">603031</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Oriental+Society&rft.atitle=Toward+a+History+of+the+Brahmins&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=264-268&rft.date=1993&rft.issn=0003-0279&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F603031%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F603031&rft.aulast=Witzel&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATamil+Brahmin" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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