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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Storia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Storia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Storia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Storia</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Storia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Costituzione_del_Ducato" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Costituzione_del_Ducato"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Costituzione del Ducato</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Costituzione_del_Ducato-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modificazione_dello_status_e_soppressione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modificazione_dello_status_e_soppressione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Modificazione dello <i>status</i> e soppressione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modificazione_dello_status_e_soppressione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> 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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ducato di Lituania</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 16 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Літоўская дзяржава - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Літоўская дзяржава" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litevsk%C3%A9_kn%C3%AD%C5%BEectv%C3%AD" title="Litevské knížectví - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Litevské knížectví" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fyrstend%C3%B8mmet_Litauen" title="Fyrstendømmet Litauen - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fyrstendømmet Litauen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herzogtum_Litauen" title="Herzogtum Litauen - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Herzogtum Litauen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duchy_of_Lithuania" title="Duchy of Lithuania - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Duchy of Lithuania" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princlando_Litovio" title="Princlando Litovio - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Princlando Litovio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liettuan_herttuakunta" title="Liettuan herttuakunta - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Liettuan herttuakunta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadipaten_Lituania" title="Kadipaten Lituania - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kadipaten Lituania" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%83%88%E3%82%A2%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A2%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%BD" title="リトアニア公国 - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リトアニア公国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lietuvos_kunigaik%C5%A1tyst%C4%97" title="Lietuvos kunigaikštystė - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Lietuvos kunigaikštystė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ducado_da_Litu%C3%A2nia" title="Ducado da Lituânia - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ducado da Lituânia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ducatul_Lituaniei" title="Ducatul Lituaniei - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ducatul Lituaniei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_(%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0)" title="Литовское княжество (гипотеза) - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Литовское княжество (гипотеза)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dukati_i_Lituanis%C3%AB" title="Dukati i Lituanisë - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Dukati i Lituanisë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litvanya_D%C3%BCkal%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Litvanya Dükalığı - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Litvanya Dükalığı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Литовське князівство - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Литовське князівство" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3270263#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> 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Aggiorna i preferiti del tuo browser e usa semmai la funzione ordinaria di stampa del tuo browser.</div></div><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume le principali caratteristiche di uno Stato non più esistente"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="background:#e9967a; color:#000;">Ducato di Lituania</th></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#e9967a; color:#000;">Dati amministrativi</th></tr><tr><th>Nome ufficiale</th><td><i>Lietuvos kunigaikštystė</i> o <i>Ducatus Lithuaniae</i> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Lingua_(linguistica)" title="Lingua (linguistica)">Lingue parlate</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Lingua_lituana" title="Lingua lituana">lituano medievale</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Capitale_(citt%C3%A0)" title="Capitale (città)">Capitale</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Voruta" title="Voruta">Voruta</a>? </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#e9967a; color:#000;">Politica</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Forma_di_governo" title="Forma di governo">Forma di governo</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Ducato_(circoscrizione)" title="Ducato (circoscrizione)">ducato</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Capo di Stato</th><td><a href="/wiki/Sovrani_di_Lituania" title="Sovrani di Lituania">Granduchi di Lituania</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Nascita</th><td><a href="/wiki/1236" title="1236">1236</a> circa con <a href="/wiki/Mindaugas" title="Mindaugas">Mindaugas</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Causa</th><td>Unione di comunità lituane </td></tr><tr><th>Fine</th><td><a href="/wiki/1413" title="1413">1413</a> con <a href="/wiki/Vitoldo" title="Vitoldo">Vitoldo</a> </td></tr><tr><th>Causa</th><td><a href="/wiki/Unione_di_Horod%C5%82o" title="Unione di Horodło">Unione di Horodło</a> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#e9967a; color:#000;">Territorio e popolazione</th></tr><tr><th>Bacino geografico</th><td><a href="/wiki/Lituania" title="Lituania">Lituania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polonia" title="Polonia">Polonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bielorussia" title="Bielorussia">Bielorussia</a> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#e9967a; color:#000;">Religione e società</th></tr><tr><th>Religioni preminenti</th><td><a href="/wiki/Mitologia_lituana" title="Mitologia lituana">paganesimo lituano</a> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Mindaugas_Lithuania_(Voruta).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Mindaugas_Lithuania_%28Voruta%29.png/260px-Mindaugas_Lithuania_%28Voruta%29.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Mindaugas_Lithuania_%28Voruta%29.png/390px-Mindaugas_Lithuania_%28Voruta%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Mindaugas_Lithuania_%28Voruta%29.png/520px-Mindaugas_Lithuania_%28Voruta%29.png 2x" data-file-width="775" data-file-height="597" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>I possedimenti di re <a href="/wiki/Mindaugas" title="Mindaugas">Mindaugas</a> sono quelli in giallo scuro: costituirono la base territoriale del Ducato di Lituania. </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background:#e9967a; color:#000;">Evoluzione storica</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Successione_di_Stati" title="Successione di Stati">Preceduto da</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Lituani" title="Lituani">Lituani</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Balti_(popolo_europeo)" title="Balti (popolo europeo)">Balti</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Selonici" title="Selonici">Selonici</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Successione_di_Stati" title="Successione di Stati">Succeduto da</a></th><td><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_mi%C5%84skie_IRP_COA.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_mi%C5%84skie_IRP_COA.svg/20px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_mi%C5%84skie_IRP_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_mi%C5%84skie_IRP_COA.svg/30px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_mi%C5%84skie_IRP_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_mi%C5%84skie_IRP_COA.svg/40px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_mi%C5%84skie_IRP_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="754" data-file-height="923" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Voivodato_di_Vilnius" title="Voivodato di Vilnius">Voivodato di Vilnius</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Stati_del_mondo" title="Stati del mondo">Ora parte di</a></th><td><span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Belarus.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bielorussia (bandiera)"><img alt="Bielorussia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/20px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/30px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bielorussia" title="Bielorussia">Bielorussia</a> <br /> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Latvia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lettonia (bandiera)"><img alt="Lettonia (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/20px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/30px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lettonia" title="Lettonia">Lettonia</a> <br /> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Lithuania.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lituania (bandiera)"><img alt="Lituania (bandiera)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/20px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/30px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lituania" title="Lituania">Lituania</a> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_piede2 noprint nomobile metadata" colspan="2"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3270263" class="extiw" title="d:Q3270263"><span title="Modifica i dati della voce Ducato di Lituania su Wikidata">Modifica dati su Wikidata</span></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Template:Stato_storico/man" title="Template:Stato storico/man"><span title="Manuale del template Stato storico">Manuale</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Il <b>Ducato di Lituania</b> (in <a href="/wiki/Lingua_latina" title="Lingua latina">latino</a> <span dir="ltr" lang="la"><i>Ducatus Lithuaniae</i></span>; in <a href="/wiki/Lingua_lituana" title="Lingua lituana">lituano</a> <span dir="ltr" lang="lt"><i>Lietuvos kunigaikštystė</i></span>) o talvolta <b>Ducato di Vilnius</b> fu uno Stato nato a seguito dell'unione di alcune <a href="/wiki/Lituani" title="Lituani">tribù lituane</a> nel corso del XIII secolo ed esistito fino al 1413, anno in cui la Lituania e la Polonia siglarono il <a href="/wiki/Unione_di_Horod%C5%82o" title="Unione di Horodło">Patto di Horodło</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I territori di tale ducato confluirono in seguito nel <a href="/wiki/Granducato_di_Lituania" title="Granducato di Lituania">Granducato di Lituania</a>. Gli altri nomi utilizzati per identificare il ducato, sia pur in epoche diverse tra di loro, furono <a href="/wiki/Auk%C5%A1taitija" title="Aukštaitija">Aukštaitija</a> o Terre di Lituania (XIII secolo), Ducato di <a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a> (XIV-inizio XV secolo),<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Lithuania_Propria" title="Lithuania Propria">Lithuania Propria</a></i> o semplicemente <a href="/wiki/Lituania" title="Lituania">Lituania</a> (in senso stretto). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storia">Storia</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Costituzione_del_Ducato">Costituzione del Ducato</h3></div> <p>Gruppi di popolazioni diverse tra loro iniziarono a costituirsi nelle aree orientali della Lituania (<a href="/wiki/Regioni_della_Lituania" title="Regioni della Lituania">regione storica</a> dell’<a href="/wiki/Auk%C5%A1taitija" title="Aukštaitija">Aukštaitija</a>, anche nota come <i>Terra Lituana</i> (in <a href="/wiki/Lingua_lituana" title="Lingua lituana">lituano</a> <span dir="ltr" lang="lt"><i>Lietuvos žemė</i></span>). Volendo essere ancora più precisi a livello geografico, si suppone che i primi gruppi si siano costituiti sulla riva sinistra del <a href="/wiki/Neris" title="Neris">fiume Neris</a>, per poi espandersi sempre più verso l’attuale <a href="/wiki/Contea_di_Utena" title="Contea di Utena">contea di Utena</a>, di <a href="/wiki/Contea_di_Vilnius" title="Contea di Vilnius">Vilnius</a> e di <a href="/wiki/Panev%C4%97%C5%BEys" title="Panevėžys">Panevėžys</a>. Queste aree in particolare venivano menzionate in un testo in latino di <a href="/wiki/Bruno_di_Querfurt" title="Bruno di Querfurt">Bruno di Querfurt</a> del 1009 col nome di <i><a href="/wiki/Nome_della_Lituania" class="mw-redirect" title="Nome della Lituania">Litua</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Il territorio era governato da capi tribù dei <a href="/wiki/Balti_(popolo_europeo)" title="Balti (popolo europeo)">balti</a>, dei <a href="/wiki/Lituani" title="Lituani">lituani</a> e degli <a href="/wiki/Dialetto_auk%C5%A1taiziano" title="Dialetto aukštaiziano">aukštaiziani</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modificazione_dello_status_e_soppressione">Modificazione dello <i>status</i> e soppressione</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_Trakai.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Old_Trakai.jpg/290px-Old_Trakai.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Old_Trakai.jpg/435px-Old_Trakai.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Old_Trakai.jpg/580px-Old_Trakai.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="760" /></a><figcaption>Il luogo dove a <a href="/wiki/Senieji_Trakai" title="Senieji Trakai">Senieji Trakai</a> sorgeva il <a href="/wiki/Castello_di_Senieji_Trakai" title="Castello di Senieji Trakai">castello</a>: ad oggi è possibile visitare la chiesa adiacente</figcaption></figure> <p>A seguito dell'espansione dello stato lituano nel XIII secolo, quando cioè quest’ultimo divenne noto come Granducato di Lituania dopo la cancellazione del <a href="/wiki/Regno_di_Lituania_(1251-1263)" title="Regno di Lituania (1251-1263)">Regno di Lituania</a>, il Ducato di Lituania divenne un'<a href="/wiki/Unit%C3%A0_amministrativa_locale" title="Unità amministrativa locale">unità amministrativa territoriale</a> governata dai Duchi di Lituania.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Veniva poi assegnata alla gestione di nobili locali. Se si dovesse identificare un centro amministrativo principale del Ducato, sarebbe sicuramente da tenere in considerazione <a href="/wiki/Kernav%C4%97" title="Kernavė">Kernavė</a> fino ai primi anni del XIV secolo. </p><p>È possibile che il Ducato di Lituania, noto poi come Ducato di Vilnius già dal XIV secolo, fosse formato dalle terre orientali dell'originario Ducato di Lituania nell'epoca in cui <a href="/wiki/Vytenis" title="Vytenis">Vytenis</a> era Granduca (fine tredicesimo secolo). La zona sudorientale divenne invece <a href="/wiki/Ducato_di_Trakai" title="Ducato di Trakai">Ducato di Trakai</a>, gestito da <a href="/wiki/Gediminas" title="Gediminas">Gediminas</a>, il quale si stabilì personalmente nel <a href="/wiki/Castello_di_Senieji_Trakai" title="Castello di Senieji Trakai">castello di Senieji Trakai</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Si sa per certo che il ducato di Trakai esistette nel 1337, quando veniva indicato come gestito da <a href="/wiki/K%C4%99stutis" title="Kęstutis">sovrano lituano Kęstutis</a>. Da questo distretto nascerà successivamente il <a href="/wiki/Voivodato_di_Trakai" class="mw-redirect" title="Voivodato di Trakai">voivodato di Trakai</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>L'ultima Duca di Lituania (in <a href="/wiki/Lingua_latina" title="Lingua latina">latino</a> <span dir="ltr" lang="la"><i>Dux Lithuaniae</i></span>) fu <a href="/wiki/Vitoldo" title="Vitoldo">Vitoldo il Grande</a>, che lo ricevette in gestione nel 1392 da suo padre <a href="/wiki/Algirdas" title="Algirdas">Algirdas</a> su ordine di <a href="/wiki/Jogaila" class="mw-redirect" title="Jogaila">Jogaila</a>, come sancito dal <a href="/wiki/Trattato_di_Astrava" title="Trattato di Astrava">trattato di Astrava</a>, che pose fine alla <a href="/wiki/Guerra_civile_lituana_(1389-1392)" title="Guerra civile lituana (1389-1392)">guerra civile lituana (1389-1392)</a>. Dal 1397, il Ducato assunse lo status di distretto, comparabile a quello posseduto dal <a href="/wiki/Samogizia" title="Samogizia">Ducato di Samogizia</a>. A seguito della riforma amministrativa operata nel 1413 da Vitoldo, sulla scia di quanto sancito dall'<a href="/wiki/Unione_di_Horod%C5%82o" title="Unione di Horodło">unione di Horodło</a>, il Ducato cessò ufficialmente d'esistere divenendo parte del neo-costituito <a href="/wiki/Voivodato_di_Vilnius" title="Voivodato di Vilnius">voivodato di Vilnius</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFRowell">Rowell</a>, p. 289</cite>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201026161021/https://translate.google.it/translate?hl=it&sl=lt&u=http%3A%2F%2Fviduramziu.istorija.net%2Fsocium%2Fprovincijos.htm&prev=search&pto=aue"><span style="font-style:italic;">Province lituane medievali</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">istorija.net</span>. <small>URL consultato il 24 ottobre 2019</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="https://translate.google.it/translate?hl=it&sl=lt&u=http%3A%2F%2Fviduramziu.istorija.net%2Fsocium%2Fprovincijos.htm&prev=search&pto=aue">url originale</abbr> il 26 ottobre 2020)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eacea.ec.europa.eu/national-policies/eurydice/content/historical-development-44_en"><span style="font-style:italic;">Historical Development</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">eacea.ec.europa.eu</span>, 9 ottobre 2017. <small>URL consultato il 7 settembre 2020</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Nota come <i>kunigaikštis</i> in lituano, termine derivato da <i>kunigas</i>: questo, a sua volta, derivava dall’arcinota parola in <a href="/wiki/Lingua_tedesca" title="Lingua tedesca">lingua tedesca</a> <i>künig</i>, ossia "re" (<i>king</i> in <a href="/wiki/Lingua_inglese" title="Lingua inglese">inglese</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal"><a href="#CITEREFRowell">Rowell</a>, p. 67</cite>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Zigmantas Kiaupa, Jūratė Kiaupienė e Albinas Kuncevičius, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.it/books?id=w3ppAAAAMAAJ&q=Only+in+1337+is+the+Duke+of+Trakai+first+mentioned+.+This+shows+that+at+least+the+domain+lands+were+divided+into+Vilnius+and+Trakai+sections+.+Following+the+death+of+Gediminas+in+1341+,+Lithuanian+lands+were+divided+into+four+sections&dq=Only+in+1337+is+the+Duke+of+Trakai+first+mentioned+.+This+shows+that+at+least+the+domain+lands+were+divided+into+Vilnius+and+Trakai+sections+.+Following+the+death+of+Gediminas+in+1341+,+Lithuanian+lands+were+divided+into+four+sections&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiipofej83sAhUDDuwKHfR_BcIQ6AEwAHoECAAQAg"><span style="font-style:italic;">The History of Lithuania Before 1795</span></a>, Istituto lituano di storia, 2000, p. 85, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-99-86-81013-1" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-99-86-81013-1">978-99-86-81013-1</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Algirdas M. Budreckis, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.it/books?id=ieNoAAAAMAAJ&q=The+separate+palatinates+of+Vilnius+and+Trakai+were+created+by+the+Act+of+Horodlo+(+October+2+,+1413+)&dq=The+separate+palatinates+of+Vilnius+and+Trakai+were+created+by+the+Act+of+Horodlo+(+October+2+,+1413+)&hl=it&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiTp_28kM3sAhXPsKQKHbRXASsQ6AEwAHoECAAQAg"><span style="font-style:italic;">Eastern Lithuania: A Collection of Historical and Ethnographic Studies</span></a>, Lithuanian Association of the Vilnius Region, 1985, p. 633.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2></div> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFRowell" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Christopher_Rowell" title="Stephen Christopher Rowell">Stephen C. Rowell</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.it/books?id=X1cHAwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=it#v=onepage&q&f=false"><span style="font-style:italic;">Lithuania Ascending</span></a>, 2014, Cambridge University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-11-07-65876-9" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-11-07-65876-9">978-11-07-65876-9</a>.</cite></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Storia_della_Lituania_(1219-1295)" title="Storia della Lituania (1219-1295)">Storia della Lituania (1219-1295)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Ducato di Lituania"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ducato_di_Lituania?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ducato_di_Lituania?uselang=it">Ducato di Lituania</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; 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