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plasma</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: RF plasma"> <meta name="keywords" content="RF plasma"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="RF plasma"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1023</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: RF plasma</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">753</span> Transient Phenomena in a 100 W Hall Thrusters: Experimental Measurements of Discharge Current and Plasma Parameter Evolution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cl%C3%A9mence%20Royer">Clémence Royer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=St%C3%A9phane%20Mazouffre"> Stéphane Mazouffre</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, electric propulsion systems play a crucial role in space exploration missions due to their high specific impulse and long operational life. The Hall thrusters are one of the most mature EP technologies. It is a gridless ion thruster that has proved reliable and high-performance for decades in various space missions. Operation of HT relies on electron emissions through a cathode placed outside a hollow dielectric channel that includes an anode at the back. Negatively charged particles are trapped in a magnetic field and efficiently slow down. By collisions, the electron cloud ionizes xenon atoms. A large electric field is generated in the axial direction due to the low electron transverse mobility in the region of a strong magnetic field. Positive particles are pulled out of the chamber at high velocity and are neutralized directly at the exhaust area. This phenomenon leads to the acceleration of the spacecraft system at a high specific impulse. While HT’s architecture and operating principle are relatively simple, the physics behind thrust is complex and still partly unknown. Current and voltage oscillations, as well as electron properties, have been captured over a 30 mn time period after ignition. The observed low-frequency oscillations exhibited specific frequency ranges, amplitudes, and stability patterns. Correlations between the oscillations and plasma characteristics we analyzed. The impact of these instabilities on thruster performance, including thrust efficiency, has been evaluated as well. Moreover, strategies for mitigating and controlling these instabilities have been developed, such as filtering. In this contribution, in addition to presenting a summary of the results obtained in the transient regime, we will present and discuss recent advances in Hall thruster plasma discharge filtering and control. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20propulsion" title="electric propulsion">electric propulsion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hall%20Thruster" title=" Hall Thruster"> Hall Thruster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20diagnostics" title=" plasma diagnostics"> plasma diagnostics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-frequency%20oscillations" title=" low-frequency oscillations"> low-frequency oscillations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168470/transient-phenomena-in-a-100-w-hall-thrusters-experimental-measurements-of-discharge-current-and-plasma-parameter-evolution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168470.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">752</span> Problems and Solutions in the Application of ICP-MS for Analysis of Trace Elements in Various Samples</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B%C3%A9la%20Kov%C3%A1cs">Béla Kovács</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%89va%20B%C3%B3di"> Éva Bódi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzaneh%20Garousi"> Farzaneh Garousi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Szilvia%20V%C3%A1rallyay"> Szilvia Várallyay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%81ron%20So%C3%B3s"> Áron Soós</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=X%C3%A9nia%20V%C3%A1g%C3%B3"> Xénia Vágó</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D%C3%A1vid%20Andr%C3%A1si"> Dávid Andrási</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In agriculture for analysis of elements in different food and food raw materials, moreover environmental samples generally flame atomic absorption spectrometers (FAAS), graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometers (GF-AAS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometers (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers (ICP-MS) are routinely applied. An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) is capable for analysis of 70-80 elements in multielemental mode, from 1-5 cm3 volume of a sample, moreover the detection limits of elements are in µg/kg-ng/kg (ppb-ppt) concentration range. All the analytical instruments have different physical and chemical interfering effects analysing the above types of samples. The smaller the concentration of an analyte and the larger the concentration of the matrix the larger the interfering effects. Nowadays there is very important to analyse growingly smaller concentrations of elements. From the above analytical instruments generally the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer is capable of analysing the smallest concentration of elements. The applied ICP-MS instrument has Collision Cell Technology (CCT) also. Using CCT mode certain elements have better (smaller) detection limits with 1-3 magnitudes comparing to a normal ICP-MS analytical method. The CCT mode has better detection limits mainly for analysis of selenium, arsenic, germanium, vanadium and chromium. To elaborate an analytical method for trace elements with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer the most important interfering effects (problems) were evaluated: 1) Physical interferences; 2) Spectral interferences (elemental and molecular isobaric); 3) Effect of easily ionisable elements; 4) Memory interferences. Analysing food and food raw materials, moreover environmental samples an other (new) interfering effect emerged in ICP-MS, namely the effect of various matrixes having different evaporation and nebulization effectiveness, moreover having different quantity of carbon content of food and food raw materials, moreover environmental samples. In our research work the effect of different water-soluble compounds furthermore the effect of various quantity of carbon content (as sample matrix) were examined on changes of intensity of the applied elements. So finally we could find “opportunities” to decrease or eliminate the error of the analyses of applied elements (Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ge, As, Se, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, Te, Hg, Pb, Bi). To analyse these elements in the above samples, the most appropriate inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer is a quadrupole instrument applying a collision cell technique (CCT). The extent of interfering effect of carbon content depends on the type of compounds. The carbon content significantly affects the measured concentration (intensities) of the above elements, which can be corrected using different internal standards. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elements" title="elements">elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20and%20food%20samples" title=" environmental and food samples"> environmental and food samples</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICP-MS" title=" ICP-MS"> ICP-MS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interference%20effects" title=" interference effects"> interference effects</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27512/problems-and-solutions-in-the-application-of-icp-ms-for-analysis-of-trace-elements-in-various-samples" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27512.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">504</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">751</span> Role of SiOx Interlayer on Lead Oxide Electrodeposited on Stainless Steel for Promoting Electrochemical Treatment of Wastewater Containing Textile Dye</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanene%20Akrout">Hanene Akrout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ines%20Elaissaoui"> Ines Elaissaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabrina%20Grassini"> Sabrina Grassini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniele%20Fulginiti"> Daniele Fulginiti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Latifa%20Bousselmi"> Latifa Bousselmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main objective of this work is to investigate the efficiency of depollution power related to PbO₂ layer deposited onto a stainless steel (SS) substrate with SiOx as interlayer. The elaborated electrode was used as anode for anodic oxidation of wastewater containing Amaranth dye, as recalcitrant organic pollutant model. SiOx interlayer was performed using Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition ‘PECVD’ in plasma fed with argon, oxygen, and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS, Si precursor) in different ratios, onto the SS substrate. PbO₂ layer was produced by pulsed electrodeposition on SS/SiOx. The morphological of different surfaces are depicted with Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and the composition of the lead oxide layer was investigated by X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD). The results showed that the SiOx interlayer with more rich oxygen content improved better the nucleation of β-PbO₂ form. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) measurements undertaken on different interfaces (at optimized conditions) revealed a decrease of Rfilm while CPE film increases for SiOx interlayer, characterized by a more inorganic nature and deposited in a plasma fed by higher O2-to-TEOS ratios. Quantitative determinations of the Amaranth dye degradation rate were performed in terms of colour and COD removals, reaching a 95% and an 80% respectively removal at pH = 2 in 300 min. Results proved the improvement of the degradation wastewater containing the amaranth dye. During the electrolysis, the Amaranth dye solution was sampled at 30 min intervals and analyzed by ‘High-performance Liquid Chromatography’ HPLC. The gradual degradation of the Amaranth dye confirmed by the decrease in UV absorption using the SS/SiOx(20:20:1)/PbO₂ anode, the reaction exhibited an apparent ﬁrst-order kinetic for electrolysis time of 5 hours, with an initial rate constant of about 0.02 min⁻¹. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20treatment" title="electrochemical treatment">electrochemical treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PbO%E2%82%82%20anodes" title=" PbO₂ anodes"> PbO₂ anodes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COD%20removal" title=" COD removal"> COD removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma" title=" plasma"> plasma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73914/role-of-siox-interlayer-on-lead-oxide-electrodeposited-on-stainless-steel-for-promoting-electrochemical-treatment-of-wastewater-containing-textile-dye" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73914.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">193</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">750</span> The Effect of Acute Muscular Exercise and Training Status on Haematological Indices in Adult Males</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Musa">Ibrahim Musa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Abdul-Aziz%20%20Mabrouk"> Mohammed Abdul-Aziz Mabrouk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Tanko"> Yusuf Tanko</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Long term physical training affect the performance of athletes especially the females. Soccer which is a team sport, played in an outdoor field, require adequate oxygen transport system for the maximal aerobic power during exercise in order to complete 90 minutes of competitive play. Suboptimal haematological status has often been recorded in athletes with intensive physical activity. It may be due to the iron depletion caused by hemolysis or haemodilution results from plasma volume expansion. There is lack of data regarding the dynamics of red blood cell variables, in male football players. We hypothesized that, a long competitive season involving frequent matches and intense training could influence red blood cell variables, as a consequence of applying repeated physical loads when compared with sedentary. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried on 40 adult males (20 athletes and 20 non athletes) between 18-25 years of age. The 20 apparently healthy male non athletes were taken as sedentary and 20 male footballers comprise the study group. The university institutional review board (ABUTH/HREC/TRG/36) gave approval for all procedures in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Red blood cell (RBC) concentration, packed cell volume (PCV), and plasma volume were measured in fasting state and immediately after exercise. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS/ win.20.0 for comparison within and between the groups, using student’s paired and unpaired “t” test respectively. Results: The finding from our study shows that, immediately after termination of exercise, the mean RBC counts and PCV significantly (p<0.005) decreased with significant increased (p<0.005) in plasma volume when compared with pre-exercised values in both group. In addition the post exercise RBC was significantly higher in untrained (261.10±8.5) when compared with trained (255.20±4.5). However, there was no significant differences in the post exercise hematocrit and plasma volume parameters between the sedentary and the footballers. Moreover, beside changes in pre-exercise values among the sedentary and the football players, the resting red blood cell counts and Plasma volume (PV %) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the sedentary group (306.30±10.05 x 104 /mm3; 58.40±0.54%) when compared with football players (293.70±4.65 x 104 /mm3; 55.60±1.18%). On the other hand, the sedentary group exhibited significant (p < 0.05) decrease in PCV (41.60±0.54%) when compared with the football players (44.40±1.18%). Conclusions: It is therefore proposed that the acute football exercise induced reduction in RBC and PCV is entirely due to plasma volume expansion, and not of red blood cell hemolysis. In addition, the training status also influenced haematological indices of male football players differently from the sedentary at rest due to adaptive response. This is novel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haematological%20Indices" title="Haematological Indices">Haematological Indices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Performance%20Status" title=" Performance Status"> Performance Status</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sedentary" title=" Sedentary"> Sedentary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Male%20Football%20Players" title=" Male Football Players"> Male Football Players</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66089/the-effect-of-acute-muscular-exercise-and-training-status-on-haematological-indices-in-adult-males" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66089.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">257</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">749</span> Correlation between Copper Uptake and Decrease of Copper (Hypocupremia) in Burn Patients-Infected Pseudomonas aeruginosa </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20M.%20Khleifat">Khaled M. Khleifat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from infected burn patients and characterized by standard biochemical tests. The in vitro copper uptake was compared between this isolated pathogenic strain and two non-pathogenic control strains of Gram-positive bacteria Bacillusthuringiensis strain Israelisas well as Gram-negative bacteria Enterobacter aerogenes. Maximum copper uptake of 470 ppm/g biomass was obtained by P. aeruginosa strain, while the control strains B. thuringiensis and Enterobacter aerogenes had copper uptake of 350 and 383 ppm/g biomass, respectively. However, the lowest copper uptake (60 ppm/g biomass) was observed with another control the saprophytic strain Pseudomonas (Shewanella) putrefaciens. A further investigation regarding the effect of copper toxicity on bacterial growth, gave an MIC score of 600 ppm for P. aeruginosa strain compared to 460 and 300 ppm for the two Gram positive and Gram negative control strains, respectively. In tandem with these in vitro findings, blood analysis on burn patients infected with P. aeruginosa has indicated a selective decrease of copper (hypocupremia) and ceruloplasmin plasma levels. The iron metabolism was also affected by this copper deprivation leading to a similar decrease in plasma levels of PCV, iron, total iron-binding capacity, and transferrin. All these hematological changes were significantly different (P < 0.05) from the matched group of non-infected burn patients. The observed hypocupremia in infected burn patients was attributed to demanding scavenger ability by P. aeruginosa strain for the copper of plasma. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pseudomonas%20aeruginosa" title="Pseudomonas aeruginosa">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypocupremia" title=" hypocupremia"> hypocupremia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correlation" title=" correlation"> correlation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCV" title=" PCV"> PCV</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51802/correlation-between-copper-uptake-and-decrease-of-copper-hypocupremia-in-burn-patients-infected-pseudomonas-aeruginosa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51802.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">748</span> Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) With Activating Mutations Considering ctDNA Fluctuations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moiseenko%20F.%20V.">Moiseenko F. V.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Volkov%20N.%20M."> Volkov N. M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhabina%20A.%20S."> Zhabina A. S.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stepanova%20E.%20O."> Stepanova E. O.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kirillov%20A.%20V."> Kirillov A. V.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Myslik%20A.%20V."> Myslik A. V.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Artemieva%20E.%20V."> Artemieva E. V.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agranov%20I.%20R."> Agranov I. R.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oganesyan%20A.%20P."> Oganesyan A. P.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egorenkov%20V.%20V."> Egorenkov V. V.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abduloeva%20N.%20H."> Abduloeva N. H.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksakhina%20S.%20Yu."> Aleksakhina S. Yu.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivantsov%20A.%20O."> Ivantsov A. O.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuligina%20E.%20S."> Kuligina E. S.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imyanitov%20E.%20N."> Imyanitov E. N.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moiseyenko%20V.%20M."> Moiseyenko V. M.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Analysis of ctDNA in patients with NSCLC is an emerging biomarker. Multiple research efforts of quantitative or at least qualitative analysis before and during the first periods of treatment with TKI showed the prognostic value of ctDNA clearance. Still, these important results are not incorporated in clinical standards. We evaluated the role of ctDNA in EGFR-mutated NSCLC receiving first-line TKI. Firstly, we analyzed sequential plasma samples from 30 patients that were collected before intake of the first tablet (at baseline) and at 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours after the “starting point.” EGFR-M+ allele was measured by ddPCR. Afterward, we included sequential qualitative analysis of ctDNA with cobas® EGFR Mutation Test v2 from 99 NSCLC patients before the first dose, after 2 and 4 months of treatment, and on progression. Early response analysis showed the decline of EGFR-M+ level in plasma within the first 48 hours of treatment in 11 subjects. All these patients showed objective tumor response. 10 patients showed either elevation of EGFR-M+ plasma concentration (n = 5) or stable content of circulating EGFR-M+ after the start of the therapy (n = 5); only 3 of these patients achieved an objective response (p = 0.026) when compared to the former group). The rapid decline of plasma EGFR-M+ DNA concentration also predicted for longer PFS (13.7 vs. 11.4 months, p = 0.030). Long-term ctDNA monitoring showed clinically significant heterogeneity of EGFR-mutated NSCLC treated with 1st line TKIs in terms of progression-free and overall survival. Patients without detectable ctDNA at baseline (N = 32) possess the best prognosis on the duration of treatment (PFS: 24.07 [16.8-31.3] and OS: 56.2 [21.8-90.7] months). Those who achieve clearance after two months of TKI (N = 42) have indistinguishably good PFS (19.0 [13.7 – 24.2]). Individuals who retain ctDNA after 2 months (N = 25) have the worst prognosis (PFS: 10.3 [7.0 – 13.5], p = 0.000). 9/25 patients did not develop ctDNA clearance at 4 months with no statistical difference in PFS from those without clearance at 2 months. Prognostic heterogeneity of EGFR-mutated NSCLC should be taken into consideration in planning further clinical trials and optimizing the outcomes of patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NSCLC" title="NSCLC">NSCLC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EGFR" title=" EGFR"> EGFR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=targeted%20therapy" title=" targeted therapy"> targeted therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ctDNA" title=" ctDNA"> ctDNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prognosis" title=" prognosis"> prognosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182095/treatment-of-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-nsclc-with-activating-mutations-considering-ctdna-fluctuations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182095.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">53</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">747</span> Characterisation and in vitro Corrosion Resistance of Plasma Sprayed Hydroxyapatite and Hydroxyapatite: Silicon Oxide Coatings on 316L SS</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurpreet%20Singh">Gurpreet Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hazoor%20Singh"> Hazoor Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buta%20Singh%20Sidhu"> Buta Singh Sidhu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the current investigation plasma spray technique was used for depositing hydroxyapatite (HA) and HA – silicon oxide (SiO2) coatings on 316L SS substrate. In HA-SiO2 coating, 20 wt% SiO2 was mixed with HA. The feedstock and coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analyses. The corrosion resistance of the uncoated, HA coated and HA + 20 wt% SiO2 coated 316L SS was investigated by electrochemical corrosion testing in simulated human body fluid (Ringer’s solution). The influence of SiO2 (20 wt%) on corrosion resistance was determined. After the corrosion testing, the samples were analyzed by XRD and SEM/EDX analyses. The addition of SiO2 reduces the crystallinity of the coating. The corrosion resistance of the 316L SS was found to increase after the deposition of the HA + 20 wt% SiO2 and HA coatings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HA" title="HA">HA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SiO2" title=" SiO2"> SiO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title=" corrosion"> corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ringer%E2%80%99s%20solution" title=" Ringer’s solution"> Ringer’s solution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=316L%20SS" title=" 316L SS"> 316L SS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9141/characterisation-and-in-vitro-corrosion-resistance-of-plasma-sprayed-hydroxyapatite-and-hydroxyapatite-silicon-oxide-coatings-on-316l-ss" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9141.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">419</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">746</span> Modelling the Tensile Behavior of Plasma Sprayed Freestanding Yttria Stabilized Zirconia Coatings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Supriya%20Patibanda">Supriya Patibanda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaopeng%20Gong"> Xiaopeng Gong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krishna%20N.%20Jonnalagadda"> Krishna N. Jonnalagadda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ralph%20Abrahams"> Ralph Abrahams</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is used as a top coat in thermal barrier coatings in high-temperature turbine/jet engine applications. The mechanical behaviour of YSZ depends on the microstructural features like crack density and porosity, which are a result of coating method. However, experimentally ascertaining their individual effect is difficult due to the inherent challenges involved like material synthesis and handling. The current work deals with the development of a phenomenological model to replicate the tensile behavior of air plasma sprayed YSZ obtained from experiments. Initially, uniaxial tensile experiments were performed on freestanding YSZ coatings of ~300 µm thick for different crack densities and porosities. The coatings exhibited a nonlinear behavior and also a huge variation in strength values. With the obtained experimental tensile curve as a base and crack density and porosity as prime variables, a phenomenological model was developed using ABAQUS interface with new user material defined employing VUMAT sub routine. The relation between the tensile stress and the crack density was empirically established. Further, a parametric study was carried out to investigate the effect of the individual features on the non-linearity in these coatings. This work enables to generate new coating designs by varying the key parameters and predicting the mechanical properties with the help of a simulation, thereby minimizing experiments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crack%20density" title="crack density">crack density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20method" title=" finite element method"> finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20sprayed%20coatings" title=" plasma sprayed coatings"> plasma sprayed coatings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VUMAT" title=" VUMAT"> VUMAT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121761/modelling-the-tensile-behavior-of-plasma-sprayed-freestanding-yttria-stabilized-zirconia-coatings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121761.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">745</span> Examination of Internally and Externally Coated Cr3C2 Exhaust Pipe of a Diesel Engine via Plasma Spray Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Hazar">H. Hazar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Sap"> S. Sap</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this experimental study; internal and external parts of an exhaust pipe were coated with a chromium carbide (Cr<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>) material having a thickness of 100 micron by using the plasma spray method. A diesel engine was used as the test engine. Thus, the results of continuing chemical reaction in coated and uncoated exhaust pipes were investigated. Internally and externally coated exhaust pipe was compared with the standard exhaust system. External heat transfer occurring as a result of coating the internal and external parts of the exhaust pipe was reduced and its effects on harmful exhaust emissions were investigated. As a result of the experiments; a remarkable improvement was determined in emission values as a result of delay in cooling of exhaust gases due to the coating. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chrome%20carbide" title="chrome carbide">chrome carbide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diesel%20engine" title=" diesel engine"> diesel engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exhaust%20emission" title=" exhaust emission"> exhaust emission</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20barrier" title=" thermal barrier"> thermal barrier</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75156/examination-of-internally-and-externally-coated-cr3c2-exhaust-pipe-of-a-diesel-engine-via-plasma-spray-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75156.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">744</span> Studies on Corrosion Resistant Composite Coating for Metallic Surfaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navneetinder%20Singh">Navneetinder Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harprabhjot%20Singh"> Harprabhjot Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harpreet%20Singh"> Harpreet Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Supreet%20Singh"> Supreet Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many materials are known to mankind that is widely used for synthesis of corrosion resistant hydrophobic coatings. In the current work, novel hydrophobic composite was synthesized by mixing polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and 20 weight% ceria particles followed by sintering. This composite had same hydrophobic behavior as PTFE. Moreover, composite showed better scratch resistance than virgin PTFE. Pits of plasma sprayed Ni₃Al coating were exploited to hold PTFE composite on the substrate as Superni-75 alloy surface through sintering process. Plasma sprayed surface showed good adhesion with the composite coating during scratch test. Potentiodynamic corrosion test showed 100 fold decreases in corrosion rate of coated sample this may be attributed to inert and hydrophobic nature of PTFE and ceria. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polytetrafluoroethylene" title="polytetrafluoroethylene">polytetrafluoroethylene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PTFE" title=" PTFE"> PTFE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceria" title=" ceria"> ceria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coating" title=" coating"> coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title=" corrosion"> corrosion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94265/studies-on-corrosion-resistant-composite-coating-for-metallic-surfaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94265.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">743</span> Using Multiomic Plasma Profiling From Liquid Biopsies to Identify Potential Signatures for Disease Diagnostics in Late-Stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) in Trinidad and Tobago</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicole%20Ramlachan">Nicole Ramlachan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Mark%20West"> Samuel Mark West</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated deaths in North America, with the vast majority being non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with a five-year survival rate of only 24%. Non-invasive discovery of biomarkers associated with early-diagnosis of NSCLC can enable precision oncology efforts using liquid biopsy-based multiomics profiling of plasma. Although tissue biopsies are currently the gold standard for tumor profiling, this method presents many limitations since these are invasive, risky, and sometimes hard to obtain as well as only giving a limited tumor profile. Blood-based tests provides a less-invasive, more robust approach to interrogate both tumor- and non-tumor-derived signals. We intend to examine 30 stage III-IV NSCLC patients pre-surgery and collect plasma samples.Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) will be extracted from plasma, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) performed. Through the analysis of tumor-specific alterations, including single nucleotide variants (SNVs), insertions, deletions, copy number variations (CNVs), and methylation alterations, we intend to identify tumor-derived DNA—ctDNA among the total pool of cfDNA. This would generate data to be used as an accurate form of cancer genotyping for diagnostic purposes. Using liquid biopsies offer opportunities to improve the surveillance of cancer patients during treatment and would supplement current diagnosis and tumor profiling strategies previously not readily available in Trinidad and Tobago. It would be useful and advantageous to use this in diagnosis and tumour profiling as well as to monitor cancer patients, providing early information regarding disease evolution and treatment efficacy, and reorient treatment strategies in, timethereby improving clinical oncology outcomes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genomics" title="genomics">genomics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiomics" title=" multiomics"> multiomics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20genetics" title=" clinical genetics"> clinical genetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genotyping" title=" genotyping"> genotyping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oncology" title=" oncology"> oncology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnostics" title=" diagnostics"> diagnostics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150896/using-multiomic-plasma-profiling-from-liquid-biopsies-to-identify-potential-signatures-for-disease-diagnostics-in-late-stage-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-nsclc-in-trinidad-and-tobago" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150896.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">742</span> The Effect of Different Exercise Intensities on Plasma Endostatin in Healthy Volunteers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inayat%20Shah">Inayat Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Omar%20Malik"> Muhammad Omar Malik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghareeb%20Alshuwaier"> Ghareeb Alshuwaier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ronald%20H.%20Baxendale"> Ronald H. Baxendale</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The balance between angiogenesis and angiostasis is important in growth and developmental processes in the body. Angiogenic and angiostatic mediators control this balance. Endostatin is one of the prominent angiostatic mediators. The marked angiostatic effect of endostatin includes inhibiting endothelial cell migration, proliferation and apoptosis. Physical activity decreases the risk and development of many angiogenesis related health problems including atherosclerosis and numerous cancers. Physiological influences of different physical activities on plasma endostatin concentration are controversial and not completely clear. Moreover, correlation of physical characteristics and metabolic predictors during physical activity on circulating endostatin is indistinct and poorly speculated. The study aimed to determine the effects of mild, moderate and vigorous exercise on the concentration of endostatin in plasma. Methodology: 22 participants, 16 males (age = 30.6 ± 7.8 years) and 6 females (age = 26.5 ± 5 years) were recruited. Weekly session of different intensities exercise based on the predicted maximum heart of the participants [60%(low), 70% (moderate) and 80% (vigorous)] were carried out. The duration and work rate for each participant was determined through sub-maximal exercise. Standardization of the session was done on total energy expenditure of the participants per session. One pre exercise and two post exercise samples were taken at intervals of 10 and 60 minutes. Results: Pre-exercise mean endostatin was 101 ± 20 ng/dl. Low intensity exercise insignificantly decreased the endostatin concentration in plasma at 10 and 60 minutes 97 ± 20 ng/dl (p= 0.5), 98 ± 23 ng/dl (p= 0.8)). However, moderate (p= 0.022, 0.004) and vigorous intensities (p ≤ 0.001, 0.02) increased the endostatin concentrations significantly at both 10 and 60 minutes intervals respectively. The effects were not significantly influenced by gender, exercise mode (walking vs. running), components of exercise (HR, Speed, Gradients, distance, duration) or metabolism during exercise (VO₂ max, VCO₂, RER, energy expenditure, rate of carbohydrate or fats oxidation). Conclusion: Low intensity exercises did not influence endostatin concentration. However, moderate to high intensity exercises significantly increase endostatin concentration and may have potential benefits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angiogenesis" title="angiogenesis">angiogenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exercise" title=" exercise"> exercise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endostatin" title=" endostatin"> endostatin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20activity" title=" physical activity"> physical activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93156/the-effect-of-different-exercise-intensities-on-plasma-endostatin-in-healthy-volunteers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93156.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">741</span> Collection, Cryopreservation, and Fertilizing Potential of Bovine Spermatozoa Collected from the Epididymis Evaluated by Conventional Techniques and by Flow Cytometry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20H.%20Moreira%20da%20Silva">M. H. Moreira da Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Valadao"> L. Valadao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Moreira%20da%20Silva"> F. Moreira da Silva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, the fertilizing capacity of bovine spermatozoa was evaluated before and after its cryopreservation. For this, the testicles of 100 bulls slaughtered on Terceira Island were dissected, the epididymal tails were separated, and semen was recovered by the flotation method and then evaluated by phase contrast microscopy and by flow cytometry. For phase contrast microscopy, a drop of semen was used to evaluate the percentage of motile spermatozoa (from 0 to 100%) and motility (from 0 to 5). After determining the concentration and the abnormal forms, semen was diluted to a final concentration of 50 x 106 spz/ml and evaluated by flow cytometer for membrane and acrosome integrity using the conjugation of fluorescent probes propidium iodide (PI) and Arachis hypogea agglutinin (FITC-PNA). Freezing was carried out in a programmable semen freezer, using 0.25 ml straws, in a total of 20 x 106 viable sperm per straw with glycerol as a cryoprotectant in a final concentration of 0.58 M. It was observed that, on average, a total of 7.25 ml of semen was collected from each bull. The viability and vitality rates were respectively 83.22 ± 7.52% and 3.8 ± 0.4 before freezing, decreasing to 58.81 ± 11.99% and 3.6 ± 0.6, respectively, after thawing. Regarding cytoplasmic droplets, it was observed that a high percentage of spermatozoa had medial cytoplasmic droplets (38.47%), with only 3.32% and 0.15% presenting proximal and distal cytoplasmic drops, respectively. By flow cytometry, it was observed that before freezing, the percentage of sperm with the damaged plasma membrane and intact acrosome was 3.61 ± 0.99%, increasing slightly to 4.21 ± 1.86% after cryopreservation (p<0.05). Regarding spermatozoa with damaged plasma membrane and acrosome, the percentage before freezing was 3.37±1.87%, increasing to 4.34 ±1.16% after thawing, and no significant differences were observed between these two values. For the percentage of sperm with the intact plasma membrane and damaged acrosome, this value was 2.04 ± 2.34% before freezing, decreasing to 0.89 ± 0.48% after thawing (p<0.05). The percentage of sperm with the intact plasma membrane and acrosome before freezing was 90.99±2.75%, with a slight decrease to 90.57±3.15% after thawing (p<0.05). From this study, it can be clearly concluded that, after the slaughtering of bulls, the spermatozoa can be recovered from the epididymis and cryopreserved, maintaining an excellent rate of sperm viability and quality after thawing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bovine%20semen" title="bovine semen">bovine semen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epididymis" title=" epididymis"> epididymis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryopreservation" title=" cryopreservation"> cryopreservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertility%20assessment" title=" fertility assessment"> fertility assessment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158029/collection-cryopreservation-and-fertilizing-potential-of-bovine-spermatozoa-collected-from-the-epididymis-evaluated-by-conventional-techniques-and-by-flow-cytometry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158029.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">740</span> Functional Plasma-Spray Ceramic Coatings for Corrosion Protection of RAFM Steels in Fusion Energy Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen%20Jiang">Chen Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eric%20Jordan"> Eric Jordan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maurice%20Gell"> Maurice Gell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Balakrishnan%20Nair"> Balakrishnan Nair</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nuclear fusion, one of the most promising options for reliably generating large amounts of carbon-free energy in the future, has seen a plethora of ground-breaking technological advances in recent years. An efficient and durable “breeding blanket”, needed to ensure a reactor’s self-sufficiency by maintaining the optimal coolant temperature as well as by minimizing radiation dosage behind the blanket, still remains a technological challenge for the various reactor designs for commercial fusion power plants. A relatively new dual-coolant lead-lithium (DCLL) breeder design has exhibited great potential for high-temperature (>700oC), high-thermal-efficiency (>40%) fusion reactor operation. However, the structural material, namely reduced activation ferritic-martensitic (RAFM) steel, is not chemically stable in contact with molten Pb-17%Li coolant. Thus, to utilize this new promising reactor design, the demand for effective corrosion-resistant coatings on RAFM steels represents a pressing need. Solution Spray Technologies LLC (SST) is developing a double-layer ceramic coating design to address the corrosion protection of RAFM steels, using a novel solution and solution/suspension plasma spray technology through a US Department of Energy-funded project. Plasma spray is a coating deposition method widely used in many energy applications. Novel derivatives of the conventional powder plasma spray process, known as the solution-precursor and solution/suspension-hybrid plasma spray process, are powerful methods to fabricate thin, dense ceramic coatings with complex compositions necessary for the corrosion protection in DCLL breeders. These processes can be used to produce ultra-fine molten splats and to allow fine adjustment of coating chemistry. Thin, dense ceramic coatings with chosen chemistry for superior chemical stability in molten Pb-Li, low activation properties, and good radiation tolerance, is ideal for corrosion-protection of RAFM steels. A key challenge is to accommodate its CTE mismatch with the RAFM substrate through the selection and incorporation of appropriate bond layers, thus allowing for enhanced coating durability and robustness. Systematic process optimization is being used to define the optimal plasma spray conditions for both the topcoat and bond-layer, and X-ray diffraction and SEM-EDS are applied to successfully validate the chemistry and phase composition of the coatings. The plasma-sprayed double-layer corrosion resistant coatings were also deposited onto simulated RAFM steel substrates, which are being tested separately under thermal cycling, high-temperature moist air oxidation as well as molten Pb-Li capsule corrosion conditions. Results from this testing on coated samples, and comparisons with bare RAFM reference samples will be presented and conclusions will be presented assessing the viability of the new ceramic coatings to be viable corrosion prevention systems for DCLL breeders in commercial nuclear fusion reactors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breeding%20blanket" title="breeding blanket">breeding blanket</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion%20protection" title=" corrosion protection"> corrosion protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coating" title=" coating"> coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20spray" title=" plasma spray"> plasma spray</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65800/functional-plasma-spray-ceramic-coatings-for-corrosion-protection-of-rafm-steels-in-fusion-energy-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65800.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">739</span> Terahertz Surface Plasmon in Carbon Nanotube Dielectric Interface via Amplitude Modulated Laser</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monika%20Singh">Monika Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A carbon nanotube thin film coated on dielectric interface is employed to produce THz surface plasma wave (SPW). The carbon nanotube has its plasmon frequency in the THz range. The SPW field falls off away from the metal film both inside the dielectric as well as in free space. An amplitude modulated laser pulse normally incident, from free space on slow wave structure, exert a modulation frequency ponderomotive force on the free electrons of the CNT film and resonantly excite the THz surface plasma wave at the modulation frequency. Carbon nanotube based plasmonic nano-structure materials provides potentially more versatile approach to tightly confined surface modes in the THz range in comparison to noble metals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20plasmons" title="surface plasmons">surface plasmons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20waves" title=" surface waves"> surface waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20films" title=" thin films"> thin films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=THz%20radiation" title=" THz radiation"> THz radiation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65604/terahertz-surface-plasmon-in-carbon-nanotube-dielectric-interface-via-amplitude-modulated-laser" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65604.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">391</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">738</span> Optical Emission Studies of Laser Produced Lead Plasma: Measurements of Transition Probabilities of the 6P7S → 6P2 Transitions Array</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javed%20Iqbal">Javed Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Ahmed"> R. Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Baig"> M. A. Baig</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present new data on the optical emission spectra of the laser produced lead plasma using a pulsed Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm (pulse energy 400 mJ, pulse width 5 ns, 10 Hz repetition rate) in conjunction with a set of miniature spectrometers covering the spectral range from 200 nm to 720 nm. Well resolved structure due to the 6p7s → 6p2 transition array of neutral lead and a few multiplets of singly ionized lead have been observed. The electron temperatures have been calculated in the range (9000 - 10800) ± 500 K using four methods; two line ratio, Boltzmann plot, Saha-Boltzmann plot and Morrata method whereas, the electron number densities have been determined in the range (2.0 – 8.0) ± 0.6 ×1016 cm-3 using the Stark broadened line profiles of neutral lead lines, singly ionized lead lines and hydrogen Hα-line. Full width at half maximum (FWHM) of a number of neutral and singly ionized lead lines have been extracted by the Lorentzian fit to the experimentally observed line profiles. Furthermore, branching fractions have been deduced for eleven lines of the 6p7s → 6p2 transition array in lead whereas the absolute values of the transition probabilities have been calculated by combining the experimental branching fractions with the life times of the excited levels The new results are compared with the existing data showing a good agreement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LIBS" title="LIBS">LIBS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20parameters" title=" plasma parameters"> plasma parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transition%20probabilities" title=" transition probabilities"> transition probabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=branching%20fractions" title=" branching fractions"> branching fractions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stark%20width" title=" stark width"> stark width</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57111/optical-emission-studies-of-laser-produced-lead-plasma-measurements-of-transition-probabilities-of-the-6p7s-6p2-transitions-array" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57111.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">737</span> Association between Copper Uptake and Decrease of Copper (hypocupremia) in Burn Patients-Infected Pseudomonas aeruginosa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Khleifat">Khaled Khleifat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muayyad%20Abboud"> Muayyad Abboud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amjad%20Khleifat"> Amjad Khleifat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Humodi%20Saeed"> Humodi Saeed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from infected burn patients and characterized by standard biochemical tests. The in vitro copper uptake was compared between this isolated pathogenic strain and two non-pathogenic control strains of Gram positive bacteria Bacillusthuringiensis strain Israelisas well as Gram negative bacteria Enterobacter aerogenes. Maximum copper uptake of 470 ppm/g biomass was obtained by P. aeruginosa strain, while the control strains B. thuringiensis andEnterobacter aerogenes had copper uptake of 350 and 383 ppm/g biomass, respectively. However, the lowest copper uptake (60 ppm/g biomass) was observed with another control the saprophytic strain Pseudomonas (Shewanella) putrefaciens. A further investigation regarding the effect of copper toxicity on bacterial growth, gave an MIC score of 600 ppm for P. aeruginosa strain compared to 460 and 300 ppm for the two Gram positive and Gram negative control strains, respectively. In tandem with these in vitro findings, blood analysis on burn patients infected with P. aeruginosa has indicated a selective decrease of copper (hypocupremia) and ceruloplasmin plasma levels. The iron metabolism was also affected by this copper deprivation leading to a similar decrease in plasma levels of PCV, iron, total iron binding capacity, and transferrin. All these hematological changes were significantly different (P < 0.05) from the matched group of non-infected burn patients. The observed hypocupremia in infected burn patients was attributed to demanding scavenger ability by P. aeruginosa strain for the copper of plasma. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pseudomonas" title="pseudomonas">pseudomonas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cu%20uptake" title=" Cu uptake"> Cu uptake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=burn%20patients" title=" burn patients"> burn patients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosorption" title=" biosorption"> biosorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51304/association-between-copper-uptake-and-decrease-of-copper-hypocupremia-in-burn-patients-infected-pseudomonas-aeruginosa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51304.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">736</span> Trigonelline: A Promising Compound for The Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mai%20M.%20Farid">Mai M. Farid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ximeng%20Yang"> Ximeng Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomoharu%20Kuboyama"> Tomoharu Kuboyama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chihiro%20Tohda"> Chihiro Tohda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Trigonelline is a major alkaloid component derived from Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (fenugreek) and has been reported before as a potential neuroprotective agent, especially in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the previous data were unclear and used model mice were not well established. In the present study, the effect of trigonelline on memory function was investigated in Alzheimer’s disease transgenic model mouse, 5XFAD which overexpresses the mutated APP and PS1 genes. Oral administration of trigonelline for 14 days significantly enhanced object recognition and object location memories. Plasma and cerebral cortex were isolated at 30 min, 1h, 3h, and 6 h after oral administration of trigonelline. LC-MS/MS analysis indicated that trigonelline was detected in both plasma and cortex from 30 min after, suggesting good penetration of trigonelline into the brain. In addition, trigonelline significantly ameliorated axonal and dendrite atrophy in Amyloid β-treated cortical neurons. These results suggest that trigonelline could be a promising therapeutic candidate for AD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alzheimer%E2%80%99s%20disease" title="alzheimer’s disease">alzheimer’s disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cortical%20neurons" title=" cortical neurons"> cortical neurons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LC-MS%2FMS%20analysis" title=" LC-MS/MS analysis"> LC-MS/MS analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trigonelline" title=" trigonelline"> trigonelline</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116264/trigonelline-a-promising-compound-for-the-treatment-of-alzheimers-disease" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116264.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">735</span> The Combination of Porcine Plasma Protein and Maltodextrin as Wall Materials on Microencapsulated Turmeric Oil Powder Quality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Namfon%20Samsalee">Namfon Samsalee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rungsinee%20Sothornvit"> Rungsinee Sothornvit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Turmeric is a natural plant herb and generally extracted as essential oil and widely used in food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical products including insect repellent. However, turmeric oil is a volatile essential oil which is easy to be lost during storage or exposure to light. Therefore, biopolymers such as protein and polysaccharide can be used as wall materials to encapsulate the essential oil which will solve this drawback. Approximately 60% plasma from porcine blood contains 6-7% of protein content mainly albumin and globulin which can be a good source of animal protein at the low-cost biopolymer from by-product. Microencapsulation is a useful technique to entrap volatile compounds in the biopolymer matrix and protect them to degrade. The objective of this research was to investigate the different ratios of two biopolymers (PPP and maltodextrin; MD) as wall materials at 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100 at a fixed ratio of wall material: core material (turmeric oil) at 3:1 (oil in water) on the qualities of microencapsulated powder using freeze drying. It was found that the combination of PPP and MD showed higher solubility of microencapsules compared to the use of PPP alone (P < 0.05). Moreover, the different ratios of wall materials also affected on color (L*, a* and b*) of microencapsulated powder. Morphology of microencapsulated powder using a scanning electron microscope showed holes on the surface reflecting on free oil content and encapsulation efficiency of microencapsules. At least 50% of MD was needed to increase encapsulation efficiency of microencapsulates rather than using only PPP as the wall material (P < 0.05). Microencapsulated turmeric oil powder can be useful as food additives to improve food texture, as a biopolymer material for edible film and coating to maintain quality of food products. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microencapsulation" title="microencapsulation">microencapsulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turmeric%20oil" title=" turmeric oil"> turmeric oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porcine%20plasma%20protein" title=" porcine plasma protein"> porcine plasma protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maltodextrin" title=" maltodextrin"> maltodextrin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82590/the-combination-of-porcine-plasma-protein-and-maltodextrin-as-wall-materials-on-microencapsulated-turmeric-oil-powder-quality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82590.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">185</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">734</span> The Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors during Pregnancy and Relation to Steroid Hormones</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Kolatorova">L. Kolatorova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Vitku"> J. Vitku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Adamcova"> K. Adamcova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Simkova"> M. Simkova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Hill"> M. Hill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Parizek"> A. Parizek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Duskova"> M. Duskova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are substances leaching from various industrial products, which are able to interfere with the endocrine system. Their harmful effects on human health are generally well-known, and exposure during fetal development may have lasting effects. Fetal exposure and transplacental transport of bisphenol A (BPA) have been recently studied; however, less is known about alternatives such as bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol AF (BPAF), which have started to appear in consumer products. The human organism is usually exposed to the mixture of EDs, out of which parabens are otherwise known to transfer placenta. The usage of many cosmetic, pharmaceutical and consumer products during the pregnancy that may contain parabens and bisphenols has led to the need for investigation. The aim of the study was to investigate the transplacental transport of BPA, its alternatives, and parabens, and to study their relation to fetal steroidogenesis. BPA, BPS, BPF, BPAF, methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben, butylparaben, benzylparaben and 15 steroids including estrogens, corticoids, androgens and immunomodulatory ones were determined in 27 maternal (37th week of gestation) and cord plasma samples using liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry methods. The statistical evaluation of the results showed significantly higher levels of BPA (p=0.0455) in cord plasma compared to maternal plasma. The results from multiple regression models investigated that in cord plasma, methylparaben, propylparaben and the sum of all measured parabens were inversely associated with testosterone levels. To our best knowledge, this study is the first attempt to determine the levels of alternative bisphenols in the maternal and cord blood, and also the first study reporting the simultaneous detection of bisphenols, parabens, and steroids in these biological fluids. Our study confirmed the transplacental transport of BPA, with likely accumulation in the fetal compartment. The negative association of cord blood parabens and testosterone levels highlights their possible risks, especially for the development of male fetuses. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the project MH CR 17-30528 A from the Czech Health Research Council, MH CZ - DRO (Institute of Endocrinology - EÚ, 00023761) and by the MEYS CR (OP RDE, Excellent research - ENDO.CZ). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bisphenol" title="bisphenol">bisphenol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endocrine%20disruptor" title=" endocrine disruptor"> endocrine disruptor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paraben" title=" paraben"> paraben</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy" title=" pregnancy"> pregnancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steroid" title=" steroid"> steroid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83878/the-exposure-to-endocrine-disruptors-during-pregnancy-and-relation-to-steroid-hormones" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83878.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">733</span> Characterization of N+C, Ti+N and Ti+C Ion Implantation into Ti6Al4V Alloy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xingguo%20Feng">Xingguo Feng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hui%20Zhou"> Hui Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaifeng%20Zhang"> Kaifeng Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhao%20Jiang"> Zhao Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanjun%20Hu"> Hanjun Hu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun%20Zheng"> Jun Zheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Hao"> Hong Hao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> TiN and TiC films have been prepared on Ti6Al4V alloy substrates by plasma-based ion implantation. The effect of N+C and Ti+N hybrid ion implantation at 50 kV, and Ti+C hybrid ion implantation at 20 kV, 35 kV and 50 kV extraction voltages on mechanical properties at a dose of 2×10¹⁷ ions / cm² was studied. The chemical states and microstructures of the implanted samples were investigated using X-ray photoelectron (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), together with the mechanical and tribological properties of the samples were characterized using nano-indentation and ball-on-disk tribometer. It was found that the modified layer by Ti+C implanted at 50 kV was composed of mainly TiC and Ti-O bond and the layer of Ti+N implanted at 50 kV was observed to be TiN and Ti-O bond. Hardness tests have shown that the hardness values for N+C, Ti+N, and Ti+C hybrid ion implantation samples were much higher than the un-implanted ones. The results of wear tests showed that both Ti+C and Ti+N ion implanted samples had much better wear resistance compared un-implanted sample. The wear rate of Ti+C implanted at 50 kV sample was 6.7×10⁻⁵mm³ / N.m, which was decreased over one order than unimplanted samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20ion%20implantation" title="plasma ion implantation">plasma ion implantation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=x-ray%20photoelectron%20%28XPS%29" title=" x-ray photoelectron (XPS)"> x-ray photoelectron (XPS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardness" title=" hardness"> hardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wear" title=" wear"> wear</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71164/characterization-of-nc-tin-and-tic-ion-implantation-into-ti6al4v-alloy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71164.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">732</span> Meld of Lactobacillus and Rangiferinus for Emendation of Endotoxemia in Alcoholic Liver Damage in Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shukla%20Ila">Shukla Ila</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azmi%20Lubna"> Azmi Lubna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20S.%20Gupta"> S. S. Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ch.%20V.%20Rao"> Ch. V. Rao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oxidative stress has been increasingly associated with the induction and progression of liver damage. The current study was conducted to record the effect of combination of Lactobacillus and Lichen rangiferinus extract (LRE + Lac) on the severity of injury in experimental alcoholic liver disease and how it affects plasma levels of prostaglandin E2, endotoxin, thromboxane B2, and leukotriene B4. Male Wistar rats were grouped into five comprising six animals in each group. Group 1 served as negative control. Groups 2-5 were administered 10% ethanol for six weeks. Group 3 was administered with extract (200 mg/kg), group 4 received the diet containing 10% ethanol plus a bolus of lactobacilli GG (1010 CFU), and group 5 animals were given silymarin along with alcohol and it served as positive control. Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein content, γ-glutamyltransferase, glutathione S-transferase, oxidative stress markers, glutathione, malondialdehyde and glutathione reductase were determined using standard diagnostic kits. Histopathological analysis of liver tissue was also made. A positive relation was found between plasma endotoxin levels and degree of liver injury. The pathology records were also related positively with leukotriene B4 and thromboxane B2. But a negative correlation was obtained with PgE2 levels. This study led us to hypothesize that the increased endotoxin levels modulate liver metabolism of eicosanoid, which gradually leads to liver injury. Endotoxemia increases leukotriene and thromboxane levels in plasma. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactobacillus" title="lactobacillus">lactobacillus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lichen%20rangiferinus" title=" Lichen rangiferinus"> Lichen rangiferinus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endotoxemia" title=" endotoxemia"> endotoxemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silymarin" title=" silymarin"> silymarin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63465/meld-of-lactobacillus-and-rangiferinus-for-emendation-of-endotoxemia-in-alcoholic-liver-damage-in-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63465.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">324</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">731</span> The Effect of Nepodin-Enrich Plant on Dyslipidemia and Hyperglycemia in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6J Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mi%20Kyeong%20Yu">Mi Kyeong Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seon%20Jeong%20Lee"> Seon Jeong Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=So%20Young%20Kim"> So Young Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bora%20Choi"> Bora Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%20Mi%20Lee"> Young Mi Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Su-Jung%20Cho"> Su-Jung Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Je%20Tae%20Woo"> Je Tae Woo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Myung-Sook%20Choi"> Myung-Sook Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A high-fat diet (HFD) induces excessive fat accumulation in white adipose tissue (WAT), which increases metabolic disorders such as obesity, dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes. Many plants are known to have effects that improve metabolic disorders. Therefore, the aim of this present study is to investigate the effect of nepodin-enrich plant extract on dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia in high fat diet-induced C57BL/6J mice. Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into two groups, and fed HFD (20% fat, w/w) or HFD supplemented with nepodin-enrich plant extract (NPE 0.005%, w/w) for 16 weeks. Body weight and food intake were measured every week. And we also analysed metabolic rates (respiratory quotient), blood glucose level, and plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, free fatty acid, apolipoprotein (apo) A-1 and apo B levels. Food intakes and body weights were not different between NPE group and HFD group, while plasma apo B, free fatty acid levels, and blood glucose concentration were significantly decreased in NPE group than in HFD group. Furthermore, plasma apo A and HDL-cholesterol levels in NPE group were remarkably increased than in HFD group. Metabolic rates (respiratory quotient) were significantly increased in NPE group than in HFD group. These results indicate that NPE can alleviate dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia. Further studies are required to identify the effects of NPE on metabolic disorders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dyslipidemia" title="dyslipidemia">dyslipidemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperglycemia" title=" hyperglycemia"> hyperglycemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolic%20disorders" title=" metabolic disorders"> metabolic disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nepodin%20enrich%20plant%20extract" title=" nepodin enrich plant extract"> nepodin enrich plant extract</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60908/the-effect-of-nepodin-enrich-plant-on-dyslipidemia-and-hyperglycemia-in-high-fat-diet-induced-obese-c57bl6j-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60908.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">373</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">730</span> Novel Numerical Technique for Dusty Plasma Dynamics (Yukawa Liquids): Microfluidic and Role of Heat Transport</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aamir%20Shahzad">Aamir Shahzad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mao-Gang%20He"> Mao-Gang He</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Currently, dusty plasmas motivated the researchers' widespread interest. Since the last two decades, substantial efforts have been made by the scientific and technological community to investigate the transport properties and their nonlinear behavior of three-dimensional and two-dimensional nonideal complex (dusty plasma) liquids (NICDPLs). Different calculations have been made to sustain and utilize strongly coupled NICDPLs because of their remarkable scientific and industrial applications. Understanding of the thermophysical properties of complex liquids under various conditions is of practical interest in the field of science and technology. The determination of thermal conductivity is also a demanding question for thermophysical researchers, due to some reasons; very few results are offered for this significant property. Lack of information of the thermal conductivity of dense and complex liquids at different parameters related to the industrial developments is a major barrier to quantitative knowledge of the heat flux flow from one medium to another medium or surface. The exact numerical investigation of transport properties of complex liquids is a fundamental research task in the field of thermophysics, as various transport data are closely related with the setup and confirmation of equations of state. A reliable knowledge of transport data is also important for an optimized design of processes and apparatus in various engineering and science fields (thermoelectric devices), and, in particular, the provision of precise data for the parameters of heat, mass, and momentum transport is required. One of the promising computational techniques, the homogenous nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (HNEMD) simulation, is over viewed with a special importance on the application to transport problems of complex liquids. This proposed work is particularly motivated by the FIRST TIME to modify the problem of heat conduction equations leads to polynomial velocity and temperature proﬁles algorithm for the investigation of transport properties with their nonlinear behaviors in the NICDPLs. The aim of proposed work is to implement a NEMDS algorithm (Poiseuille ﬂow) and to delve the understanding of thermal conductivity behaviors in Yukawa liquids. The Yukawa system is equilibrated through the Gaussian thermostat in order to maintain the constant system temperature (canonical ensemble ≡ NVT)). The output steps will be developed between 3.0×105/ωp and 1.5×105/ωp simulation time steps for the computation of λ data. The HNEMD algorithm shows that the thermal conductivity is dependent on plasma parameters and the minimum value of lmin shifts toward higher G with an increase in k, as expected. New investigations give more reliable simulated data for the plasma conductivity than earlier known simulation data and generally the plasma λ0 by 2%-20%, depending on Γ and κ. It has been shown that the obtained results at normalized force field are in satisfactory agreement with various earlier simulation results. This algorithm shows that the new technique provides more accurate results with fast convergence and small size effects over a wide range of plasma states. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20dynamics%20simulation" title="molecular dynamics simulation">molecular dynamics simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20conductivity" title=" thermal conductivity"> thermal conductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonideal%20complex%20plasma" title=" nonideal complex plasma"> nonideal complex plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poiseuille%20%EF%AC%82ow" title=" Poiseuille ﬂow"> Poiseuille ﬂow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45431/novel-numerical-technique-for-dusty-plasma-dynamics-yukawa-liquids-microfluidic-and-role-of-heat-transport" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">274</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">729</span> The Effects of Eriocitrin on Obesity and Hepatic Steatosis in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6 Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=So%20Young%20Kim">So Young Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eun-Young%20Kwon"> Eun-Young Kwon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bora%20Choi"> Bora Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mi%20Kyeong%20Yu"> Mi Kyeong Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seon%20Jeong%20Lee"> Seon Jeong Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Myung-Sook%20Choi"> Myung-Sook Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lemon (Citrus limon) has various beneficial effect. Eriocitrin (eriodictyol 7-rutinoside) is the main ingredient of lemon fruit and is known to have antioxidative effects. However, there has been little research about the effects of eriocitrin on obesity and regulation of lipid profiles levels. In the present study, we investigated the anti-obesity and lipid-lowering effects of eriocitrin in mice fed high-fat diet (HFD). The 4 week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into two groups and were fed HFD (20% fat, w/w) and HFD supplemented with eriocitrin (0.005%, w/w, EC) for 16 weeks. Food intake, body weight and white adipose tissue weight (WAT) were measured and plasma free fatty acid (FFA), apolipoprotein (Apo) B100 level and hepatic enzyme activity were analyzed. No differences were shown between the HFD and EC groups in body weight and food intake. However EC supplementation significantly reduced the weights of epididymal, subcutaneous and total WAT. In addition, the levels of plasma FFA and Apo B100 were significantly decreased in the EC group compared with the HFD group. Moreover, the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and malic enzyme (ME) related to fatty acids synthesis were significantly lower in the EC group than in the HFD group in liver. Therefore, this study indicates that eriocitrin has beneficial effects on adiposity and nonalcholic fatty liver diseases by modulating hepatic lipid-regulating enzyme activities and plasma lipid profile. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antiobesity" title="antiobesity">antiobesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eriocitrin" title=" eriocitrin"> eriocitrin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20fat%20diet" title=" high fat diet"> high fat diet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipid%20lowering" title=" lipid lowering"> lipid lowering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60909/the-effects-of-eriocitrin-on-obesity-and-hepatic-steatosis-in-high-fat-diet-induced-obese-c57bl6-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60909.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">452</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">728</span> Performance of the Aptima® HIV-1 Quant Dx Assay on the Panther System </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siobhan%20O%E2%80%99Shea">Siobhan O’Shea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sangeetha%20Vijaysri%20Nair"> Sangeetha Vijaysri Nair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hee%20Cheol%20Kim"> Hee Cheol Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charles%20Thomas%20Nugent"> Charles Thomas Nugent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheuk%20Yan%20William%20Tong"> Cheuk Yan William Tong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sam%20Douthwaite"> Sam Douthwaite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Worlock"> Andrew Worlock</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Aptima® HIV-1 Quant Dx Assay is a fully automated assay on the Panther system. It is based on Transcription-Mediated Amplification and real time detection technologies. This assay is intended for monitoring HIV-1 viral load in plasma specimens and for the detection of HIV-1 in plasma and serum specimens. Nine-hundred and seventy nine specimens selected at random from routine testing at St Thomas’ Hospital, London were anonymised and used to compare the performance of the Aptima HIV-1 Quant Dx assay and Roche COBAS® AmpliPrep/COBAS® TaqMan® HIV-1 Test, v2.0. Two-hundred and thirty four specimens gave quantitative HIV-1 viral load results in both assays. The quantitative results reported by the Aptima Assay were comparable those reported by the Roche COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan HIV-1 Test, v2.0 with a linear regression slope of 1.04 and an intercept on -0.097. The Aptima assay detected HIV-1 in more samples than the Roche assay. This was not due to lack of specificity of the Aptima assay because this assay gave 99.83% specificity on testing plasma specimens from 600 HIV-1 negative individuals. To understand the reason for this higher detection rate a side-by-side comparison of low level panels made from the HIV-1 3rd international standard (NIBSC10/152) and clinical samples of various subtypes were tested in both assays. The Aptima assay was more sensitive than the Roche assay. The good sensitivity, specificity and agreement with other commercial assays make the HIV-1 Quant Dx Assay appropriate for both viral load monitoring and detection of HIV-1 infections. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HIV%20viral%20load" title="HIV viral load">HIV viral load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aptima" title=" Aptima"> Aptima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roche" title=" Roche"> Roche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Panther%20system" title=" Panther system"> Panther system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21163/performance-of-the-aptima-hiv-1-quant-dx-assay-on-the-panther-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21163.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">727</span> Effect of Synchronization Protocols on Serum Concentrations of Estrogen and Progesterone in Holstein Dairy Heifers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Shafiei">K. Shafiei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Pirestani"> A. Pirestani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Ghalamkari"> G. Ghalamkari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Safavipour"> S. Safavipour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Use of GnRH or its agonists to increase conception rates should be based on an understanding of GnRH-induced biological effects on the reproductive-endocrine system. This effect may occur through GnRH-stimulated LH surge stimulating production of progesterone by corpus luteum.the aim of this study was to compare the effects on reproductive efficiency of a luteolytic dose of a synthetic prostaglandin Cloprostenol Sodium versus ainjectable progesterone and Luliberin- A on Follicle estrogen and progesterone levels.In this study, we used45 head of holstein dairy heifersin the three treatments, with 15 replicates per treatment were performed in random groups. all the heifers before the projects is began in two steps injection 3 mL CloprostenolSodium with an interval of 11 days been synchronized and 10 days later, second injection of prostaglandin was conducted after that we started below protocol:Control group (daily sodium chloride serum injection 1 cc), Group B: Day Zero, intramuscular injection of 15 mg Luliberin- A + every other day injection of 3 cc progesterone + day 7, injection of Cloprostenol Sodium+ day 9, injection of 15 mg Luliberin- A.Group C: similar to Grop B + daily injection of progesterone after that blood samples was collected and centrifuged.plasma were analysed by ELISA.the analysis of this study uses SPSS data software package and compared between the mean and LS Means LSD test at 5% significance level was used.The results of this study shows that maximum of progesterone plasma levels were in the control gruop (P ≥ 0.05).Therefore, daily injection of progesterone inhibit the growth CL. the most estrogen levels in plasma were in Group C (P ≥ 0.05) thus it can be concluded, rise in endogenous estrogen concentrations normally stimulates the preovulatory LH release in heifers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luliberin-%20A" title="Luliberin- A">Luliberin- A</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cloprostenol%20Sodium" title=" Cloprostenol Sodium"> Cloprostenol Sodium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=estrogen" title=" estrogen"> estrogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=progesterone" title=" progesterone"> progesterone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dairy%20heifers" title=" dairy heifers"> dairy heifers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21752/effect-of-synchronization-protocols-on-serum-concentrations-of-estrogen-and-progesterone-in-holstein-dairy-heifers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">541</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">726</span> Food Waste Management in the Restaurant Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vijayakumar%20Karunamoothei">Vijayakumar Karunamoothei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephen%20Wylie"> Stephen Wylie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andy%20Shaw"> Andy Shaw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al%20Shamma%27A%20Ahmed"> Al Shamma'A Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main aim of this research is to investigate, analyse and provide solutions for the reduction of food waste in the restaurant industry. The amount of food waste that is sent to landfill by UK restaurants and food chains is considerably high, and also acts as an additional cost to the restaurants, as well as being a significant environmental issue. Food waste, for the most part, is disposed in landfill, but due to rising costs associated with waste disposal, it increases public concerns about the environmental issue. This makes conversion of food waste to energy an economic solution. The relevant properties, such as water content and calorific value, will vary considerably, depending on the particular type of food. This work, therefore, includes the collection and analysis of real data from restaurants on weekly basis. It will also investigate how the waste destined for landfill can be instead reused to produce fuels such as syngas or ethanol, or alternatively as fertilizer. The potential for syngas production will be tested using a microwave plasma reactor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertilizer" title="fertilizer">fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave" title=" microwave"> microwave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20reactor" title=" plasma reactor"> plasma reactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=syngas" title=" syngas"> syngas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58196/food-waste-management-in-the-restaurant-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58196.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">725</span> Porous Alumina-Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposite Membranes Processed via Spark Plasma Sintering for Heavy Metal Removal from Contaminated Water </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20K.%20Shahzad">H. K. Shahzad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Hussein"> M. A. Hussein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Patel"> F. Patel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Al-Aqeeli"> N. Al-Aqeeli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Laoui"> T. Laoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of the present study was to use the adsorption mechanism with microfiltration synergistically for efficient heavy metal removal from contaminated water. Alumina (Al2O3) is commonly used for ceramic membranes development while recently carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been considered among the best adsorbent materials for heavy metals. In this work, we combined both of these materials to prepare porous Al2O3-CNTs nanocomposite membranes via Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) technique. Alumina was used as a base matrix while CNTs were added as filler. The SPS process parameters i.e. applied pressure, temperature, heating rate, and holding time were varied to obtain the best combination of porosity (64%, measured according to ASTM c373-14a) and strength (3.2 MPa, measured by diametrical compression test) of the developed membranes. The prepared membranes were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission secondary electron microscopy (FE-SEM), contact angle and porosity measurements. The results showed that properties of the synthesized membranes were highly influenced by the SPS process parameters. FE-SEM images revealed that CNTs were reasonably dispersed in the alumina matrix. The porous membranes were evaluated for their water flux transport as well as their capacity to adsorb heavy metals ions. Selected membranes were able to remove about 97% cadmium from contaminated water. Further work is underway to enhance the removal efficiency of the developed membranes as well as to remove other heavy metals such as arsenic and mercury. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal%20removal" title="heavy metal removal">heavy metal removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inorganic%20membrane" title=" inorganic membrane"> inorganic membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocomposite" title=" nanocomposite"> nanocomposite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spark%20plasma%20sintering" title=" spark plasma sintering"> spark plasma sintering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69249/porous-alumina-carbon-nanotubes-nanocomposite-membranes-processed-via-spark-plasma-sintering-for-heavy-metal-removal-from-contaminated-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69249.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">724</span> Treatment of Coal-Water-Oil Slurry Using High Voltage Discharge and Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasmas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Song-Chol%20Pak">Song-Chol Pak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong-Jun%20Kim"> Yong-Jun Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hak-%20Chol%20Choe"> Hak- Chol Choe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong-Son%20Choe"> Yong-Son Choe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We converted the coal-water-oil slurry (CWOS) into an alternative fuel (AF) for internal combustion engines by high-voltage discharge (HVD) and dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasmas. After its treatments, the CWOS had the average coal size reduced from 12.95 to 8.26㎛, improved dispersibility, fewer deposits, and calorific value enhanced by 35%. The effects of some parameters were analyzed on the conversion of CWOS to AF, and the AF was characterized. The plasma-treated CWOS is similar to other liquid fuels in rheological properties and calorific value. It is therefore concluded that it can be directly employed in internal combustion engines with a little design modification. The suggested method may be an alternative way of converting CWOS to AF without any dispersant or stabilizer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coal-water-oil%20slurry" title="coal-water-oil slurry">coal-water-oil slurry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-voltage%20discharge" title=" high-voltage discharge"> high-voltage discharge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dielectric%20barrier%20discharge" title=" dielectric barrier discharge"> dielectric barrier discharge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20treatment" title=" plasma treatment"> plasma treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternative%20fuel" title=" alternative fuel"> alternative fuel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191431/treatment-of-coal-water-oil-slurry-using-high-voltage-discharge-and-dielectric-barrier-discharge-plasmas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RF%20plasma&page=9" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RF%20plasma&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RF%20plasma&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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