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class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early plans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_plans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Construction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Construction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Construction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Construction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Expansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Expansion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Later history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Critical_reception_and_landmark_designations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Critical_reception_and_landmark_designations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Critical reception and landmark designations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Critical_reception_and_landmark_designations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" 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id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Park_Avenue_Viaduct&params=40_45_07_N_73_58_40_W_region:US-NY_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°45′07″N</span> <span class="longitude">73°58′40″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.75194°N 73.97778°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.75194; -73.97778</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. 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For the railroad line, see <a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_main_line" title="Park Avenue main line">Park Avenue main line</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">United States historic place</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-spacing:1px;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="padding:0; border:none;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; font-size:110%; font-weight:bold;color: #202122; background: #A8EDEF; line-height:1.5">Park Avenue Viaduct</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.5;color: #202122; background: #A8EDEF;"><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">U.S. National Register of Historic Places</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.5;color: #202122; background: #FFC94B"><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="New York State Register of Historic Places">New York State Register of Historic Places</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.5;color: #202122; background: #FFE978"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Landmarks_Preservation_Commission" title="New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission">New York City Landmark</a> <abbr title="number">No.</abbr> 1127</div> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GCT_PAV_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/GCT_PAV_2.jpg/325px-GCT_PAV_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="325" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/GCT_PAV_2.jpg/488px-GCT_PAV_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/GCT_PAV_2.jpg/650px-GCT_PAV_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5993" data-file-height="3996" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A portion of the viaduct crosses <a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="42nd Street (Manhattan)">42nd Street</a> at <a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Terminal" title="Grand Central Terminal">Grand Central Terminal</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 325px; height: 325px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="325" data-height="325" data-zoom="14" data-lat="40.751944" data-lon="-73.977778" data-overlays="["_e6e7e28110e783522c5d6eaa917d8630d016ac2e"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/14/40.751944/-73.977778/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,14,40.751944,-73.977778,325x325.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Park_Avenue_Viaduct&revid=1228373264&groups=_e6e7e28110e783522c5d6eaa917d8630d016ac2e" width="325" height="325" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,14,40.751944,-73.977778,325x325@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Park_Avenue_Viaduct&revid=1228373264&groups=_e6e7e28110e783522c5d6eaa917d8630d016ac2e 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">Park Avenue</a> between East 40th and 46th Streets<br /><a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, New York</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Park_Avenue_Viaduct&params=40_45_07_N_73_58_40_W_region:US-NY_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°45′07″N</span> <span class="longitude">73°58′40″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.75194°N 73.97778°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.75194; -73.97778</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Built</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">1919 (western roadway and south leg)<br />1928 (eastern roadway)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Architect</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">Warren & Wetmore; <a href="/wiki/Reed_%26_Stem" class="mw-redirect" title="Reed & Stem">Reed & Stem</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Architectural style</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><a href="/wiki/Beaux-Arts_architecture" title="Beaux-Arts architecture">Beaux-Arts</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">NRHP reference <abbr title="number">No.</abbr></th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/83001726">83001726</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">NYSRHP <abbr title="number">No.</abbr></th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">06101.006478</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">NYCL <abbr title="number">No.</abbr></th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">1127</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background: #A8EDEF">Significant dates</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Added to NRHP</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">August 11, 1983<sup id="cite_ref-nris_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nris-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Designated NYSRHP</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">July 6, 1983<sup id="cite_ref-Cultural_Resource_Information_System_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cultural_Resource_Information_System-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Designated NYCL</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">September 23, 1980<sup id="cite_ref-NYCL_(1980)_p._1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYCL_(1980)_p._1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Park Avenue Viaduct</b>, also known as the <b>Pershing Square Viaduct</b>, is a roadway in <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, New York City. It carries vehicular traffic on <a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">Park Avenue</a> from <a href="/wiki/40th_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="40th Street (Manhattan)">40th</a> to <a href="/wiki/46th_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="46th Street (Manhattan)">46th</a> Streets. The viaduct is composed of two sections: a steel viaduct with two roadways from 40th to <a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="42nd Street (Manhattan)">42nd</a> Streets, as well as a pair of roadways between 42nd and 46th Streets. The section from 40th to 42nd Streets was designated a <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Landmarks_Preservation_Commission" title="New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission">New York City landmark</a> in 1980 and was listed on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a> in 1983. The street-level service roads of Park Avenue, which flank the viaduct between 40th and 42nd Streets, are called <a href="/wiki/Pershing_Square,_Manhattan" title="Pershing Square, Manhattan">Pershing Square</a>. The section of the viaduct between 42nd and 46th Streets travels around <a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Terminal" title="Grand Central Terminal">Grand Central Terminal</a> and the <a href="/wiki/MetLife_Building" title="MetLife Building">MetLife Building</a>, then through the <a href="/wiki/Helmsley_Building" title="Helmsley Building">Helmsley Building</a>; all three buildings lie across the north–south axis of the avenue. </p><p>The viaduct was first proposed by <a href="/wiki/New_York_Central_Railroad" title="New York Central Railroad">New York Central Railroad</a> president <a href="/wiki/William_J._Wilgus" title="William J. Wilgus">William J. Wilgus</a> in 1900 as part of the <a href="/wiki/Construction_of_Grand_Central_Terminal" class="mw-redirect" title="Construction of Grand Central Terminal">construction of Grand Central Terminal</a>. Construction on the viaduct's western leg began in 1917, after the terminal had opened, and was completed in 1919. The western leg initially carried two-way traffic, so the eastern leg was completed for northbound traffic in 1928, and the western leg was reconfigured to carry southbound traffic only. An information booth was established in 1939 beneath the viaduct, and the city renovated the viaduct in the early 1990s. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Park_Avenue_Viaduct&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The viaduct is used by automobile traffic between 40th Street to the south and 46th Street to the north. It is composed of two sections: the steel viaduct between 40th and 42nd Streets, and the pair of roadways between 42nd and 46th Streets. Immediately to the south of 40th Street is the portal of the <a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Tunnel_(roadway)" title="Park Avenue Tunnel (roadway)">Park Avenue Tunnel</a>, which carries northbound traffic from 33rd Street directly onto the viaduct.<sup id="cite_ref-maps_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maps-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The posted weight limit for the viaduct is 15 short tons (13 long tons; 14 t), and commercial traffic is prohibited.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pedestrian and bicycle traffic is generally also prohibited,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Walsh_2010_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Walsh_2010-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> except during "<a href="/wiki/Summer_Streets" title="Summer Streets">Summer Streets</a>", when Park Avenue is closed to vehicular traffic on selected summer weekends.<sup id="cite_ref-Walsh_2010_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Walsh_2010-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Route">Route</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Park_Avenue_Viaduct&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Route"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Southern_section">Southern section</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Park_Avenue_Viaduct&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Southern section"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Park_Avenue_Viaduct_plaque_1919_jeh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Park_Avenue_Viaduct_plaque_1919_jeh.jpg/240px-Park_Avenue_Viaduct_plaque_1919_jeh.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Park_Avenue_Viaduct_plaque_1919_jeh.jpg/360px-Park_Avenue_Viaduct_plaque_1919_jeh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Park_Avenue_Viaduct_plaque_1919_jeh.jpg/480px-Park_Avenue_Viaduct_plaque_1919_jeh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2608" data-file-height="1671" /></a><figcaption>Plaque on the viaduct</figcaption></figure> <p>From the south, traffic from Park Avenue, 40th Street, or the Park Avenue Tunnel enters the steel viaduct. The viaduct rises to a T-intersection just north of <a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="42nd Street (Manhattan)">42nd Street</a>, over the street-level entrance to <a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Terminal" title="Grand Central Terminal">Grand Central Terminal</a> below.<sup id="cite_ref-maps_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maps-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NPS_p._4_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPS_p._4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This segment of the viaduct is 600 feet (180 m) long and consists of a granite approach ramp with stone <a href="/wiki/Baluster" title="Baluster">balustrades</a>, as well as three steel arches, which are separated by granite <a href="/wiki/Pier_(architecture)" title="Pier (architecture)">piers</a> with foliate <a href="/wiki/Frieze" title="Frieze">friezes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NPS_p._4_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPS_p._4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYCL_(1980)_p._5_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYCL_(1980)_p._5-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The central arch has been infilled to create <a href="#Later_history">a restaurant space</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NPS_p._4_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPS_p._4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYCL_(1980)_p._6_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYCL_(1980)_p._6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The arches were included because of "aesthetic considerations", but are actually cantilever beams, because true arches would have required excessively large abutments.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt19891029_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19891029-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The girders over each pier are each 136 feet (41 m) long by 12 feet (3.7 m) deep, weighing 73 short tons (65 long tons; 66 t) each. They were made in New Jersey and shipped from Delaware to New York, then pulled by 52 horses from the <a href="/wiki/East_River" title="East River">East River</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Architecture_p._44_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Architecture_p._44-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The deck of the viaduct, above the steel arches, contains railings with plain and foliate panels, as well as lampposts atop each granite pier.<sup id="cite_ref-NPS_p._4_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPS_p._4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYCL_(1980)_p._5_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYCL_(1980)_p._5-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nyt19891029_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19891029-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The deck is 60 feet (18 m) wide.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt19180721_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19180721-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The arches of the Pershing Square Viaduct are based on the <a href="/wiki/Pont_Alexandre_III" title="Pont Alexandre III">Pont Alexandre III</a> in Paris,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and contain plaques with the words "Pershing Square" at their centers.<sup id="cite_ref-NYCL_(1980)_p._6_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYCL_(1980)_p._6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Northern_section">Northern section</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Park_Avenue_Viaduct&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Northern section"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the T-intersection north of 42nd Street, the viaduct splits into two legs.<sup id="cite_ref-maps_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maps-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Terminal_art#Vanderbilt_statue" title="Grand Central Terminal art">A statue</a> of <a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Vanderbilt" title="Cornelius Vanderbilt">Cornelius Vanderbilt</a>, longtime owner of New York Central, is at the T-intersection.<sup id="cite_ref-Durante_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Durante-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Morrison_Diehl_2019_p._20_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morrison_Diehl_2019_p._20-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The legs of the viaduct surround the terminal building and the <a href="/wiki/MetLife_Building" title="MetLife Building">MetLife Building</a> to the north before passing through a pair of portals under the <a href="/wiki/Helmsley_Building" title="Helmsley Building">Helmsley Building</a> between 45th and 46th Streets. Northbound traffic uses the eastern leg, which runs above a private road called Depew Place, while southbound traffic uses the western leg, which runs above the eastern sidewalk of <a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_Avenue" title="Vanderbilt Avenue">Vanderbilt Avenue</a>. Both roadways pass above 45th Street without intersection.<sup id="cite_ref-maps_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maps-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The roadways then take sharp S-curves into the Helmsley Building, where they descend into triple-story arches that exit onto 46th Street.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The western leg is 35 feet (11 m) wide; the eastern leg is 33 feet (10 m) wide between 42nd and 44th Streets, widening to 53 feet (16 m) north of 44th Street. The roadway above 42nd Street, which connects the two legs, is 40 feet (12 m) wide.<sup id="cite_ref-sun19180526_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sun19180526-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The portion of the viaduct immediately surrounding the terminal's building has a masonry balustrade with an additional metal guardrail.<sup id="cite_ref-maps_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maps-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is a <a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Terminal_art#Eagles" title="Grand Central Terminal art">cast-iron eagle</a> atop the balustrade where the western leg curves onto the connecting roadway above 42nd Street.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A sidewalk, accessible from the Grand Hyatt hotel, runs along the section of the viaduct that is parallel to 42nd Street.<sup id="cite_ref-Durante_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Durante-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pershing_Square">Pershing Square</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Park_Avenue_Viaduct&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Pershing Square"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Park_Avenue_Viaduct_Pershing_Square_from_west.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Park_Avenue_Viaduct_Pershing_Square_from_west.jpg/240px-Park_Avenue_Viaduct_Pershing_Square_from_west.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Park_Avenue_Viaduct_Pershing_Square_from_west.jpg/360px-Park_Avenue_Viaduct_Pershing_Square_from_west.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Park_Avenue_Viaduct_Pershing_Square_from_west.jpg/480px-Park_Avenue_Viaduct_Pershing_Square_from_west.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3219" data-file-height="2082" /></a><figcaption>The viaduct crosses over Pershing Square</figcaption></figure> <p>The street-level service roads of Park Avenue between 40th and 42nd Streets are called <a href="/wiki/Pershing_Square,_Manhattan" title="Pershing Square, Manhattan">Pershing Square</a>. The service roads between 41st and 42nd Streets are open only to bicycles and pedestrians.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The square is named after General <a href="/wiki/John_J._Pershing" title="John J. Pershing">John J. Pershing</a>. Consequently, the southern portion of the viaduct between 40th and 42nd Streets is also known as the Pershing Square Viaduct.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Park_Avenue_Viaduct&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/New_York_Central_Railroad" title="New York Central Railroad">New York Central Railroad</a> built the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Depot" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Central Depot">Grand Central Depot</a> in 1869 as the southern terminus of the <a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_main_line" title="Park Avenue main line">Park Avenue main line</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fitch_Waite_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fitch_Waite-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The depot was located along the axis of <a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">Fourth Avenue</a> (later Park Avenue), splitting the avenue into two parts: a section south of 42nd Street and another north of 45th Street.<sup id="cite_ref-nyh19190413_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyh19190413-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The southern section of Park Avenue was a quiet road running through the upscale enclave of <a href="/wiki/Murray_Hill,_Manhattan" title="Murray Hill, Manhattan">Murray Hill</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the northern section contained an open <a href="/wiki/Cut_(earthworks)" title="Cut (earthworks)">cut</a> (later covered over), which carried the Park Avenue main line.<sup id="cite_ref-Fitch_Waite_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fitch_Waite-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further, the northern end of the Park Avenue Tunnel rose to ground level between 40th and 42nd Streets, splitting 41st Street into two sections at Park Avenue.<sup id="cite_ref-sun19180526_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sun19180526-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Depew Place ran along the eastern side of the depot, while <a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_Avenue_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanderbilt Avenue (Manhattan)">Vanderbilt Avenue</a> ran along the western side.<sup id="cite_ref-nyht19270918_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyht19270918-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_plans">Early plans</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Park_Avenue_Viaduct&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Early plans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:At_New_York,_USA_2017_019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/At_New_York%2C_USA_2017_019.jpg/240px-At_New_York%2C_USA_2017_019.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/At_New_York%2C_USA_2017_019.jpg/360px-At_New_York%2C_USA_2017_019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/At_New_York%2C_USA_2017_019.jpg/480px-At_New_York%2C_USA_2017_019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Grand Central Terminal as seen from the southern end of the viaduct</figcaption></figure> <p>The Park Avenue Viaduct was first proposed by New York Central president <a href="/wiki/William_J._Wilgus" title="William J. Wilgus">William J. Wilgus</a> in 1900, when he suggested replacing Grand Central Depot with Grand Central Terminal.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During a design competition for the terminal in 1903, <a href="/wiki/Reed_and_Stem" title="Reed and Stem">Reed and Stem</a> proposed vehicular viaducts around the terminal building. New York Central ultimately selected Reed and Stem, as well as <a href="/wiki/Warren_and_Wetmore" title="Warren and Wetmore">Warren and Wetmore</a>, to construct Grand Central Terminal.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYCL-1099_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYCL-1099-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two architectural firms had a tense relationship. Over Wilgus's objections, Warren and Wetmore modified Reed and Stem's plan, eliminating a proposed 12-story tower and vehicular viaducts.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The elevated viaducts were restored, as were several of Reed and Stem's other design elements, as part of an agreement between the two firms in 1909.<sup id="cite_ref-NYCL-1099_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYCL-1099-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYCL_(1980)_p._4_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYCL_(1980)_p._4-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The railroad also bought Depew Place, over which the eastern leg of the viaduct would run.<sup id="cite_ref-sun19180526_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sun19180526-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nyht19270918_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyht19270918-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two years later, the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Board_of_Estimate" title="New York City Board of Estimate">New York City Board of Estimate</a> approved New York Central's plans for a viaduct carrying Park Avenue over 42nd Street.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The present plans for the Park Avenue Viaduct were devised in 1912 by Warren and Wetmore.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The terminal's construction already provided for roadways to either side of the terminal building, in preparation for the viaduct's eventual completion.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt19180721_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19180721-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The terminal was opened in 1913,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the viaduct could not be built yet because the <a href="/wiki/Interborough_Rapid_Transit_Company" title="Interborough Rapid Transit Company">Interborough Rapid Transit Company</a>, one of the operators of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">city's subway system</a>, had not even decided whether to build the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Central%E2%80%9342nd_Street_station_(IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Central–42nd Street station (IRT Lexington Avenue Line)">Grand Central–42nd Street station</a> under the viaduct's site.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The IRT ultimately decided to build the station diagonally under 42nd Street, connecting its new <a href="/wiki/IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Lexington Avenue Line">Lexington Avenue Line</a> to the north with the <a href="/wiki/Early_history_of_the_IRT_subway" title="Early history of the IRT subway">existing subway under Park Avenue</a> to the south, and by mid-1917, subway construction had progressed to the extent that work on the viaduct could commence.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bidding for the viaduct's construction was opened in August 1917. At that time, <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">Fifth Avenue</a> and <a href="/wiki/Madison_Avenue" title="Madison Avenue">Madison Avenue</a> (which ran parallel to Park Avenue) were heavily congested, and the viaduct was expected to alleviate some of that traffic.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Construction">Construction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Park_Avenue_Viaduct&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Construction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:342px;max-width:342px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:180px;max-width:180px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:116px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GCT_Hyatt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/GCT_Hyatt.jpg/178px-GCT_Hyatt.jpg" decoding="async" width="178" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/GCT_Hyatt.jpg/267px-GCT_Hyatt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/GCT_Hyatt.jpg/356px-GCT_Hyatt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5915" data-file-height="3879" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Taxi stand on the viaduct, outside the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Hyatt_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Hyatt New York">Grand Hyatt</a> hotel</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:158px;max-width:158px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:116px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Park_Av_high_west_jeh.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Park_Av_high_west_jeh.JPG/156px-Park_Av_high_west_jeh.JPG" decoding="async" width="156" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Park_Av_high_west_jeh.JPG/234px-Park_Av_high_west_jeh.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Park_Av_high_west_jeh.JPG/312px-Park_Av_high_west_jeh.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The western leg of the viaduct during "<a href="/wiki/Summer_Streets" title="Summer Streets">Summer Streets</a>", temporarily closed to cars</div></div></div></div></div> <p>Construction on the viaduct began in November 1917.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, further progress was hindered due to the difficulty in securing ornamental steel during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nyh19190413_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyh19190413-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Work resumed in July 1918 when an order for the necessary steel was placed, and builders began erecting the masonry foundation and wall.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt19180721_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19180721-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The viaduct opened on April 16, 1919; the project had cost $768,032, including related infrastructure projects, such as the opening of 41st Street and the relocation of both of the Park Avenue Tunnel's portals.<sup id="cite_ref-nyh19190413_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyh19190413-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When it opened, only automobiles and taxicabs used the Park Avenue Viaduct.<sup id="cite_ref-Morrison_Diehl_2019_p._20_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morrison_Diehl_2019_p._20-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original viaduct took two-way traffic from Park Avenue at 40th Street and carried it around the west side of Grand Central Terminal, terminating at the T-intersection of 45th Street and Vanderbilt Avenue.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An elevated service driveway ran to the east of the terminal, above Depew Place; it was used by baggage and mail vans, and provided parking space and an entrance to the Commodore Hotel.<sup id="cite_ref-NYCL_(1980)_p._5_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYCL_(1980)_p._5-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nyh19190413_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyh19190413-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-New_Viaduct_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_Viaduct-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The driveway served the Grand Central post office at <a href="/wiki/450_Lexington_Avenue" title="450 Lexington Avenue">450 Lexington Avenue</a>, as well as a since-demolished baggage building north of the terminal.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shortly after the viaduct's opening, the area at the bottom of the viaduct was renamed <a href="/wiki/Pershing_Square,_Manhattan" title="Pershing Square, Manhattan">Pershing Square</a> in 1919 to honor <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> General <a href="/wiki/John_J._Pershing" title="John J. Pershing">John J. Pershing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lot immediately to the east had been occupied by Grand Union Hotel, which was condemned via <a href="/wiki/Eminent_domain" title="Eminent domain">eminent domain</a> in 1914 and subsequently demolished.<sup id="cite_ref-NYCL_(1980)_p._4_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYCL_(1980)_p._4-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That space was proposed for use as an open plaza<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with a three-story memorial called "Victory Hall".<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 1920, a realty consortium headed by investor Henry Mandel bought the site.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mandel gave the <a href="/wiki/Bowery_Savings_Bank" title="Bowery Savings Bank">Bowery Savings Bank</a> the eastern portion of the site, which would be developed into an office building at <a href="/wiki/110_East_42nd_Street" title="110 East 42nd Street">110 East 42nd Street</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> completed in 1923.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The western portion of the site became the <a href="/wiki/Pershing_Square_Building" title="Pershing Square Building">Pershing Square Building</a>, also completed in 1923.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The "Pershing Square" name subsequently applied to the service roads of the Park Avenue Viaduct between 40th and 42nd Streets.<sup id="cite_ref-NYCL_(1980)_p._5_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYCL_(1980)_p._5-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Expansion">Expansion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Park_Avenue_Viaduct&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Expansion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portal_to_Park_Avenue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Portal_to_Park_Avenue.jpg/170px-Portal_to_Park_Avenue.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Portal_to_Park_Avenue.jpg/255px-Portal_to_Park_Avenue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Portal_to_Park_Avenue.jpg/340px-Portal_to_Park_Avenue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1446" data-file-height="1827" /></a><figcaption>The exit of the eastern leg of the viaduct through the <a href="/wiki/Helmsley_Building" title="Helmsley Building">Helmsley Building</a> back to ground level</figcaption></figure> <p>Soon after the viaduct's opening, traffic at 45th Street and Vanderbilt Avenue started to accumulate, causing <a href="/wiki/Gridlock" title="Gridlock">gridlock</a> at that intersection, since thirteen lanes of traffic converged there.<sup id="cite_ref-New_Viaduct_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_Viaduct-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYCL_(1987)_p._6_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYCL_(1987)_p._6-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1920, business associations were advocating for the eastern leg of the viaduct to be opened to public use.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city started negotiating with New York Central to open the eastern leg of the viaduct, although the railroad was <a href="/wiki/Holdout_(real_estate)" title="Holdout (real estate)">holding out</a> unless it was granted property on Park Avenue.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city proposed building a ramp from the viaduct that would descend to ground level at 46th Street, while keeping Park Avenue open to traffic between 45th and 46th Streets; however, New York Central's proposal would altogether close off that block of Park Avenue.<sup id="cite_ref-New_Viaduct_45-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_Viaduct-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Manhattan <a href="/wiki/Borough_president" title="Borough president">borough president</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julius_Miller" title="Julius Miller">Julius Miller</a>, proposed giving New York Central the right to erect a building over Park Avenue, in exchange for the railroad giving Depew Place back to the city so that the eastern leg of the viaduct could be built.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt19261209_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19261209-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By November 1922, Miller and the New York Central reached an agreement to submit a proposal for the viaduct to city authorities,<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Board of Estimate approved the proposal in January 1923.<sup id="cite_ref-New_Viaduct_45-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_Viaduct-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>New York Central had made a revised agreement by the city by 1924, which gave the railroad the right to erect a building over Park Avenue.<sup id="cite_ref-nyht19270918_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyht19270918-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYCL_(1987)_p._6_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYCL_(1987)_p._6-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nydn19240414_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nydn19240414-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As part of the project, the section of Park Avenue between 45th and 46th Streets would be closed, the eastern leg of the viaduct would be completed, and traffic would be carried around both sides of the terminal and through the New York Central Building before being deposited at Park Avenue and 46th Street. The plans also called for a roadway running above 45th Street's southern sidewalk, connecting the two directions of traffic, as well as the extension of Vanderbilt Avenue north to 47th Street and the widening of Park Avenue.<sup id="cite_ref-nyht19270918_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyht19270918-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nydn19240414_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nydn19240414-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Initial plans called for the viaduct to run across 46th Street so that viaduct traffic did not interfere with traffic on 45th and 46th Streets.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt19240413_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19240413-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was later changed to allow the viaduct's roadways to descend to street level between 45th and 46th Streets. The roadways were placed on S-curves supported by stanchions that did not touch the New York Central Building's frame.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 1924, the revised plan was sent to the Board of Estimate, which approved the project.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt19240413_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19240413-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Work could start upon the approval of <a href="/wiki/Charles_L._Craig" title="Charles L. Craig">Charles L. Craig</a>, the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Comptroller" title="New York City Comptroller">city controller</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt19251229_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19251229-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Craig initially refused to certify the plan, stating that the city had paid much more for Depew Place than the land was worth.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After more than a year of re-negotiations, Craig finally certified the plan in December 1925.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt19251229_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19251229-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The next year, work on the New York Central Building's foundations commenced,<sup id="cite_ref-nyt19261209_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19261209-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the block of Park Avenue between 45th and 46th Streets was closed. The eastern leg along Depew Place was opened in February 1928, and northbound traffic was diverted there.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Construction was complete by September of that year, with the completion of the western leg, which had been extended to Park Avenue and 46th Street with an overpass over 45th Street.<sup id="cite_ref-New_Viaduct_45-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_Viaduct-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 1928, the Vanderbilt statue was installed at the T-intersection above 42nd Street.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_history">Later history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Park_Avenue_Viaduct&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Later history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pershing_Square_Cafe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Pershing_Square_Cafe.jpg/240px-Pershing_Square_Cafe.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Pershing_Square_Cafe.jpg/360px-Pershing_Square_Cafe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Pershing_Square_Cafe.jpg/480px-Pershing_Square_Cafe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>The entrance to the Pershing Square Cafe, which extends to <a href="/wiki/41st_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="41st Street (Manhattan)">41st Street</a> under the viaduct</figcaption></figure> <p>The space under the viaduct between 41st and 42nd Streets was originally used as a trolley barn.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1938, the city announced that it would build a tourist information center within that space in advance of the <a href="/wiki/1939_New_York_World%27s_Fair" title="1939 New York World's Fair">1939 New York World's Fair</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city subsequently built a steel and glass-brick structure under the center arch of the viaduct.<sup id="cite_ref-NPS_p._4_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPS_p._4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYCL_(1980)_p._6_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYCL_(1980)_p._6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NY2000_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY2000-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The structure, located at 90 East 42nd Street,<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> opened in December 1939 and was initially used to provide tourist information.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the space was used by <a href="/wiki/United_Service_Organizations" title="United Service Organizations">United Service Organizations</a>, and after the war, became an outpost of the New York Convention and Visitors Bureau.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1960, leaks from the viaduct had damaged the information center. That year, a reconstruction project for the viaduct was announced, which involved repairing trusses as well as installing drainage and a nonskid deck.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The former tourist-information center had become an unemployment office by the 1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-NPS_p._4_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPS_p._4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYCL_(1980)_p._6_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYCL_(1980)_p._6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The viaduct had also become dilapidated, with potholes, leaks, and rusted steel supports,<sup id="cite_ref-nyt19840719_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19840719-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so the city government undertook the first major renovations in the viaduct's history.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt19850909_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19850909-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The southbound roadway was closed in July 1984,<sup id="cite_ref-nyt19840719_80-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19840719-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> reopening that November.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt19850909_81-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19850909-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The northbound roadway was then closed from May 1985<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to September 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt19850909_81-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19850909-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The viaduct's original lamps were removed in a 1986 repaving project.<sup id="cite_ref-NY2000_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY2000-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nyt19921008_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19921008-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An $8 million restoration of the viaduct was announced three years later.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt19891029_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19891029-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As part of the renovation, the Grand Central Partnership would turn the space between 41st and 42nd Streets into a restaurant.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Seven of the original lamps were also restored in 1992.<sup id="cite_ref-NY2000_74-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY2000-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nyt19921008_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19921008-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1995, the city and the Grand Central Partnership unveiled plans to restore the space under the viaduct at a cost of $2 million, then lease it as a restaurant.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The restaurant space would be located in the former site of the World's Fair information center.<sup id="cite_ref-NY2000_74-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY2000-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_85-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Pershing Square Cafe signed a lease at the space in 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The owner of the renovated space, Michael O'Keeffe, placed so much attention to the renovation of the space that the project's costs increased to $5 million, and the cafe's opening date was pushed back by several months.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Critical_reception_and_landmark_designations">Critical reception and landmark designations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Park_Avenue_Viaduct&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Critical reception and landmark designations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When the Park Avenue Viaduct opened, it was praised as a solution to the traffic congestion around Grand Central Terminal. In 1922, the <i><a href="/wiki/New-York_Tribune" title="New-York Tribune">New-York Tribune</a></i> called it one of several works of "engineering magic".<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Gray_(architectural_historian)" title="Christopher Gray (architectural historian)">Christopher Gray</a>, architecture critic at <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, wrote that "the completion of the viaduct suddenly changed Park Avenue from an inconvenient local street to the most modern highway in New York."<sup id="cite_ref-nyt19891029_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt19891029-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building's design in relation to Grand Central Terminal was also lauded. <i><a href="/wiki/Architecture_(magazine,_1900%E2%80%931936)" title="Architecture (magazine, 1900–1936)">Architecture</a></i> magazine said that the design "has produced a beautiful and satisfying work of truly monumental character."<sup id="cite_ref-Architecture_p._44_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Architecture_p._44-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Park Avenue Viaduct was designated a <a href="/wiki/Lists_of_New_York_City_landmarks" title="Lists of New York City landmarks">New York City landmark</a> in 1980.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYCL_(1980)_p._1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYCL_(1980)_p._1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In its report, the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Landmarks_Preservation_Commission" title="New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission">New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission</a> wrote that the viaduct "is an integral part of the complex circulation system of Grand Central Terminal".<sup id="cite_ref-NYCL_(1980)_p._6_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYCL_(1980)_p._6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The viaduct was listed on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a> in 1983, technically as a "boundary increase" to the Grand Central Terminal's listing, but carrying a separate reference number.<sup id="cite_ref-nris_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nris-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both designations apply only to the section of the viaduct between 40th and 42nd Streets.<sup id="cite_ref-NYCL_(1980)_p._1_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYCL_(1980)_p._1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Park_Avenue_Viaduct&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Tunnel_(roadway)" title="Park Avenue Tunnel (roadway)">Park Avenue Tunnel (roadway)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_Designated_Landmarks_in_Manhattan_from_14th_to_59th_Streets" title="List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan from 14th to 59th Streets">List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan from 14th to 59th Streets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_from_14th_to_59th_Streets" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan from 14th to 59th Streets">National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan from 14th to 59th Streets</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Park_Avenue_Viaduct&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Informational notes</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vanderbilt Avenue continued as a private roadway north of 45th Street; it was opened to the public when the viaduct was extended in 1928.<sup id="cite_ref-New_Viaduct_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_Viaduct-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><b>Citations</b> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Cultural_Resource_Information_System-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cultural_Resource_Information_System_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cris.parks.ny.gov/">"Cultural Resource Information System (CRIS)"</a>. <a 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July 21, 1918. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607175651/https://www.nytimes.com/1918/07/21/archives/new-park-avenue-viaduct-work-started-last-week-to-be-completed-by.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Park+Avenue+Viaduct%3B+Work+Started+Last+Week+to+Be+Completed+by+Next+Spring.&rft.date=1918-07-21&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1918%2F07%2F21%2Farchives%2Fnew-park-avenue-viaduct-work-started-last-week-to-be-completed-by.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRobinsNew_York_Transit_Museum2013">Robins & New York Transit Museum 2013</a>, p. 83.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Durante-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Durante_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Durante_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDurante2007" class="citation book cs1">Durante, Dianne L. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1nMnB-2HgbwC"><i>Outdoor Monuments of Manhattan: A Historical Guide</i></a>. NYU Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780814719862" title="Special:BookSources/9780814719862"><bdi>9780814719862</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200422192357/https://books.google.com/books?id=1nMnB-2HgbwC">Archived</a> from the original on April 22, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 19,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Outdoor+Monuments+of+Manhattan%3A+A+Historical+Guide&rft.pub=NYU+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780814719862&rft.aulast=Durante&rft.aufirst=Dianne+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1nMnB-2HgbwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Morrison_Diehl_2019_p._20-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Morrison_Diehl_2019_p._20_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Morrison_Diehl_2019_p._20_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorrisonDiehl2019" class="citation book cs1">Morrison, D.D.; Diehl, L.B. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cBueDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA20"><i>Grand Central Terminal and Penn Station: Statuary and Sculptures</i></a>. Images of Rail. Arcadia Publishing Incorporated. pp. 20–21. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4396-6741-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4396-6741-5"><bdi>978-1-4396-6741-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506014613/https://books.google.com/books?id=cBueDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA20">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Grand+Central+Terminal+and+Penn+Station%3A+Statuary+and+Sculptures&rft.series=Images+of+Rail&rft.pages=20-21&rft.pub=Arcadia+Publishing+Incorporated&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1-4396-6741-5&rft.aulast=Morrison&rft.aufirst=D.D.&rft.au=Diehl%2C+L.B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcBueDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLandmarks_Preservation_Commission1987">Landmarks Preservation Commission 1987</a>, p. 19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sun19180526-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sun19180526_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sun19180526_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sun19180526_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52970462/">"Park Avenue Viaduct to End Traffic Snarl"</a>. <i>The Sun</i>. May 26, 1918. p. 52. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506014615/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52970462/park-avenue-viaduct-to-end-traffic-snarl/">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span> – via newspapers.com <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sun&rft.atitle=Park+Avenue+Viaduct+to+End+Traffic+Snarl&rft.pages=52&rft.date=1918-05-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F52970462%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerguson2018" class="citation news cs1">Ferguson, Colleen (August 8, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lohud.com/story/news/transit/2018/08/08/learn-more-grand-central-terminals-hidden-gems/915089002/">"Secrets of Grand Central Terminal: missing decorations, hidden staircases and a tiny acorn"</a>. <i>The Journal News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181220232408/https://www.lohud.com/story/news/transit/2018/08/08/learn-more-grand-central-terminals-hidden-gems/915089002/">Archived</a> from the original on December 20, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 19,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+News&rft.atitle=Secrets+of+Grand+Central+Terminal%3A+missing+decorations%2C+hidden+staircases+and+a+tiny+acorn&rft.date=2018-08-08&rft.aulast=Ferguson&rft.aufirst=Colleen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lohud.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Ftransit%2F2018%2F08%2F08%2Flearn-more-grand-central-terminals-hidden-gems%2F915089002%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalsh2018" class="citation web cs1">Walsh, Kevin (May 22, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forgotten-ny.com/2018/05/grand-central-eagle/">"Grand Central Eagle"</a>. <i>Forgotten New York</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200608143330/https://forgotten-ny.com/2018/05/grand-central-eagle/">Archived</a> from the original on June 8, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 8,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forgotten+New+York&rft.atitle=Grand+Central+Eagle&rft.date=2018-05-22&rft.aulast=Walsh&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforgotten-ny.com%2F2018%2F05%2Fgrand-central-eagle%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarerkar2018" class="citation web cs1">Warerkar, Tanay (February 16, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ny.curbed.com/2018/2/16/17020862/pedestrian-plaza-grand-central-midtown-east">"Busy block near Grand Central Terminal will transform into a pedestrian plaza"</a>. <i>Curbed NY</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181206102246/https://ny.curbed.com/2018/2/16/17020862/pedestrian-plaza-grand-central-midtown-east">Archived</a> from the original on December 6, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 5,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Curbed+NY&rft.atitle=Busy+block+near+Grand+Central+Terminal+will+transform+into+a+pedestrian+plaza&rft.date=2018-02-16&rft.aulast=Warerkar&rft.aufirst=Tanay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fny.curbed.com%2F2018%2F2%2F16%2F17020862%2Fpedestrian-plaza-grand-central-midtown-east&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLandmarks_Preservation_Commission1980">Landmarks Preservation Commission 1980</a>, p. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fitch_Waite-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fitch_Waite_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fitch_Waite_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFitchWaite1974" class="citation book cs1">Fitch, James Marston; Waite, Diana S. (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/grandcentralterm00fitc"><i>Grand Central Terminal and Rockefeller Center: A Historic-critical Estimate of Their Significance</i></a>. Albany, New York: The Division. p. 3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Grand+Central+Terminal+and+Rockefeller+Center%3A+A+Historic-critical+Estimate+of+Their+Significance&rft.place=Albany%2C+New+York&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=The+Division&rft.date=1974&rft.aulast=Fitch&rft.aufirst=James+Marston&rft.au=Waite%2C+Diana+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fgrandcentralterm00fitc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyh19190413-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyh19190413_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyh19190413_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyh19190413_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyh19190413_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52966774/">"Park Ave. Viaduct Opens Wednesday"</a>. <i>The Sun</i>. April 13, 1919. p. 17. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506014615/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52966774/park-ave-viaduct-opens-wednesday/">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span> – via newspapers.com <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sun&rft.atitle=Park+Ave.+Viaduct+Opens+Wednesday&rft.pages=17&rft.date=1919-04-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F52966774%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGray2011" class="citation news cs1">Gray, Christopher (July 21, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/24/realestate/putting-the-park-in-park-avenue-Streetscapesmidtown.html">"Putting the Park in Park Avenue"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220427150748/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/24/realestate/putting-the-park-in-park-avenue-streetscapesmidtown.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 27, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Putting+the+Park+in+Park+Avenue&rft.date=2011-07-21&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F07%2F24%2Frealestate%2Fputting-the-park-in-park-avenue-Streetscapesmidtown.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1911/03/05/archives/want-41st-street-opened-eliminate-tunnel-obstructions-at-park.html">"Want 41st Street Opened; Eliminate Tunnel Obstructions at Park Avenue as Relief to Traffic Congestion"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. March 5, 1911. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607184221/https://www.nytimes.com/1911/03/05/archives/want-41st-street-opened-eliminate-tunnel-obstructions-at-park.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Want+41st+Street+Opened%3B+Eliminate+Tunnel+Obstructions+at+Park+Avenue+as+Relief+to+Traffic+Congestion&rft.date=1911-03-05&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1911%2F03%2F05%2Farchives%2Fwant-41st-street-opened-eliminate-tunnel-obstructions-at-park.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyht19270918-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyht19270918_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyht19270918_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyht19270918_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyht19270918_29-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/1115124426/1E428BDCF06A47AEPQ">"Central Tells Plans for New Skyscraper"</a></span>. <i>New York Herald-Tribune</i>. September 18, 1927. p. C1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200329223851/https://search.proquest.com/docview/1115124426/1E428BDCF06A47AEPQ">Archived</a> from the original on March 29, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 11,</span> 2020</span> – via ProQuest.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Herald-Tribune&rft.atitle=Central+Tells+Plans+for+New+Skyscraper&rft.pages=C1&rft.date=1927-09-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fdocview%2F1115124426%2F1E428BDCF06A47AEPQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchlichting2001">Schlichting 2001</a>, pp. 60–62.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRobinsNew_York_Transit_Museum2013">Robins & New York Transit Museum 2013</a>, p. 53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchlichting2001">Schlichting 2001</a>, pp. 118–120.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYCL-1099-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYCL-1099_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYCL-1099_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/lp/1099.pdf">"Grand Central Terminal Interior"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Landmarks Preservation Commission. September 23, 1980. p. 5. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171208122401/http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/lp/1099.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on December 8, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 25,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grand+Central+Terminal+Interior&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=Landmarks+Preservation+Commission&rft.date=1980-09-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fs-media.nyc.gov%2Fagencies%2Flpc%2Flp%2F1099.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchlichting2001">Schlichting 2001</a>, p. 123.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYCL_(1980)_p._4-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYCL_(1980)_p._4_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYCL_(1980)_p._4_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLandmarks_Preservation_Commission1980">Landmarks Preservation Commission 1980</a>, p. 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1911/06/16/archives/elevated-roadway-arounda-newstati0n-centrals-plan-to-carry-park.html">"Elevated Roadway Around a New Station; Central's Plan to Carry Park Avenue Over Forty-second Street Approved"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. June 16, 1911. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607175423/https://www.nytimes.com/1911/06/16/archives/elevated-roadway-arounda-newstati0n-centrals-plan-to-carry-park.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Elevated+Roadway+Around+a+New+Station%3B+Central%27s+Plan+to+Carry+Park+Avenue+Over+Forty-second+Street+Approved.&rft.date=1911-06-16&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1911%2F06%2F16%2Farchives%2Felevated-roadway-arounda-newstati0n-centrals-plan-to-carry-park.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNational_Park_Service1983">National Park Service 1983</a>, p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/svc/tmach/v1/refer?pdf=true&res=9D04EEDD133BE633A25751C0A9649C946296D6CF">"Modern Terminal Supplies Patrons with Home Comforts"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. February 2, 1913. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220424164513/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1913/02/02/100252911.pdf?pdf_redirect=true&ip=0">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on April 24, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 2,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Modern+Terminal+Supplies+Patrons+with+Home+Comforts&rft.date=1913-02-02&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Fsvc%2Ftmach%2Fv1%2Frefer%3Fpdf%3Dtrue%26res%3D9D04EEDD133BE633A25751C0A9649C946296D6CF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52975330/">"Park Avenue Viaduct Scheme"</a>. <i>The Sun</i>. April 4, 1913. p. 7. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506014615/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52975330/park-avenue-viaduct-scheme/">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span> – via newspapers.com <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sun&rft.atitle=Park+Avenue+Viaduct+Scheme&rft.pages=7&rft.date=1913-04-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F52975330%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1917/07/29/archives/park-avenue-viaduct-bids-for-improvement-to-be-opened-tomorrow.html">"Park Avenue Viaduct.; Bids for Improvement to be Opened Tomorrow"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. July 29, 1917. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607175425/https://www.nytimes.com/1917/07/29/archives/park-avenue-viaduct-bids-for-improvement-to-be-opened-tomorrow.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Park+Avenue+Viaduct.%3B+Bids+for+Improvement+to+be+Opened+Tomorrow.&rft.date=1917-07-29&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1917%2F07%2F29%2Farchives%2Fpark-avenue-viaduct-bids-for-improvement-to-be-opened-tomorrow.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1917/08/05/archives/bids-opened-for-the-new-park-avenue-viaduct-over-fortysecond-street.html">"Bids Opened for the New Park Avenue Viaduct Over Forty-second Street; an Ornamental Structure Landing on Upper Level of Grand Central Terminal Planned to Relieve Traffic on Fifth and Madison Avenues-- Estimated to Cost About $700,000"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. August 5, 1917. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607175805/https://www.nytimes.com/1917/08/05/archives/bids-opened-for-the-new-park-avenue-viaduct-over-fortysecond-street.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Bids+Opened+for+the+New+Park+Avenue+Viaduct+Over+Forty-second+Street%3B+an+Ornamental+Structure+Landing+on+Upper+Level+of+Grand+Central+Terminal+Planned+to+Relieve+Traffic+on+Fifth+and+Madison+Avenues--+Estimated+to+Cost+About+%24700%2C000.&rft.date=1917-08-05&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1917%2F08%2F05%2Farchives%2Fbids-opened-for-the-new-park-avenue-viaduct-over-fortysecond-street.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1917/11/04/archives/new-fortysecond-street-viaduct-work-started-on-structure-to-connect.html">"New Forty-second Street Viaduct; Work Started on Structure to Connect Park Avenue with Grand Central Terminal"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. November 4, 1917. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200606185306/https://www.nytimes.com/1917/11/04/archives/new-fortysecond-street-viaduct-work-started-on-structure-to-connect.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 6, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Forty-second+Street+Viaduct%3B+Work+Started+on+Structure+to+Connect+Park+Avenue+with+Grand+Central+Terminal.&rft.date=1917-11-04&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1917%2F11%2F04%2Farchives%2Fnew-fortysecond-street-viaduct-work-started-on-structure-to-connect.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52976534/">"Start Park Avenue Viaduct"</a>. <i>The Sun</i>. November 2, 1917. p. 9. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506014615/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52976534/start-park-avenue-viaduct/">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span> – via newspapers.com <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sun&rft.atitle=Start+Park+Avenue+Viaduct&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1917-11-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F52976534%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1919/04/17/archives/link-up-park-av-to-ease-congestion-civic-bodies-celebrate-opening.html">"Link Up Park Av. To Ease Congestion; Civic Bodies Celebrate Opening of Viaduct at 42d Street and Ramp at 33d Street"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. April 17, 1919. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200818094806/https://www.nytimes.com/1919/04/17/archives/link-up-park-av-to-ease-congestion-civic-bodies-celebrate-opening.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Link+Up+Park+Av.+To+Ease+Congestion%3B+Civic+Bodies+Celebrate+Opening+of+Viaduct+at+42d+Street+and+Ramp+at+33d+Street&rft.date=1919-04-17&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1919%2F04%2F17%2Farchives%2Flink-up-park-av-to-ease-congestion-civic-bodies-celebrate-opening.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-New_Viaduct-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-New_Viaduct_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-New_Viaduct_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-New_Viaduct_45-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-New_Viaduct_45-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-New_Viaduct_45-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-New_Viaduct_45-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1928/09/02/105202500.pdf">"New Viaduct Thoroughfare Relieves Park Avenue Traffic Congestion; Result of Many Years' Work"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The New York Times</i>. September 2, 1928. p. 123. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220424164515/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1928/09/02/105202500.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false">Archived</a> from the original on April 24, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 7,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Viaduct+Thoroughfare+Relieves+Park+Avenue+Traffic+Congestion%3B+Result+of+Many+Years%27+Work.&rft.pages=123&rft.date=1928-09-02&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1928%2F09%2F02%2F105202500.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchlichting2001">Schlichting 2001</a>, pp. 62–63.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1918/12/03/archives/name-street-for-pershing-space-in-front-of-grand-central-becomes.html">"Name Street For Pershing; Space in Front of Grand Central Becomes Pershing Square"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. December 3, 1918. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191020001550/https://www.nytimes.com/1918/12/03/archives/name-street-for-pershing-space-in-front-of-grand-central-becomes.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 20, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Name+Street+For+Pershing%3B+Space+in+Front+of+Grand+Central+Becomes+Pershing+Square.&rft.date=1918-12-03&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1918%2F12%2F03%2Farchives%2Fname-street-for-pershing-space-in-front-of-grand-central-becomes.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rerecord.library.columbia.edu/pdf_files/ldpd_7031148_053_45.pdf">"The Passing of Old Hotels"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Real Estate Record: Real Estate Record and Builders' Guide</i>. Vol. 93, no. 2407. May 5, 1914. p. 818. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191020000103/https://rerecord.library.columbia.edu/pdf_files/ldpd_7031148_053_45.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on October 20, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">columbia.edu</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Real+Estate+Record%3A+Real+Estate+Record+and+Builders%27+Guide&rft.atitle=The+Passing+of+Old+Hotels&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=2407&rft.pages=818&rft.date=1914-05-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frerecord.library.columbia.edu%2Fpdf_files%2Fldpd_7031148_053_45.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1919/02/09/archives/plan-to-create-new-public-square-on-east-fortysecond-street.html">"Plan To Create New Public Square On East Forty-second Street"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. February 9, 1919. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191020001548/https://www.nytimes.com/1919/02/09/archives/plan-to-create-new-public-square-on-east-fortysecond-street.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 20, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Plan+To+Create+New+Public+Square+On+East+Forty-second+Street&rft.date=1919-02-09&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1919%2F02%2F09%2Farchives%2Fplan-to-create-new-public-square-on-east-fortysecond-street.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1919/06/13/archives/plans-for-victory-hall-board-of-estimate-to-consider-proposed.html">"Plans for Victory Hall; Board of Estimate to Consider Proposed Pershing Square Building"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. June 13, 1919. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191020001546/https://www.nytimes.com/1919/06/13/archives/plans-for-victory-hall-board-of-estimate-to-consider-proposed.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 20, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Plans+for+Victory+Hall%3B+Board+of+Estimate+to+Consider+Proposed+Pershing+Square+Building.&rft.date=1919-06-13&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1919%2F06%2F13%2Farchives%2Fplans-for-victory-hall-board-of-estimate-to-consider-proposed.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1920/07/21/archives/bids-2900000-for-grand-union-site-henry-mandel-offers-upset-city.html">"Bids $2,900,000 for Grand Union Site; Henry Mandel Offers Upset City Price for Valuable Pershing Square Plot"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. July 21, 1920. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191020022235/https://www.nytimes.com/1920/07/21/archives/bids-2900000-for-grand-union-site-henry-mandel-offers-upset-city.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 20, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Bids+%242%2C900%2C000+for+Grand+Union+Site%3B+Henry+Mandel+Offers+Upset+City+Price+for+Valuable+Pershing+Square+Plot&rft.date=1920-07-21&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1920%2F07%2F21%2Farchives%2Fbids-2900000-for-grand-union-site-henry-mandel-offers-upset-city.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rerecord.library.columbia.edu/pdf_files/ldpd_7031148_066_6.pdf">"Builders Buy Grand Union Site"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Real Estate Record: Real Estate Record and Builders' Guide</i>. Vol. 106, no. 6. August 7, 1920. p. 787. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191020022234/https://rerecord.library.columbia.edu/pdf_files/ldpd_7031148_066_6.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on October 20, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">columbia.edu</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Real+Estate+Record%3A+Real+Estate+Record+and+Builders%27+Guide&rft.atitle=Builders+Buy+Grand+Union+Site&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=787&rft.date=1920-08-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frerecord.library.columbia.edu%2Fpdf_files%2Fldpd_7031148_066_6.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/lp/2556.pdf">"Pershing Square Building"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Landmarks_Preservation_Commission" title="New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission">New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission</a>. November 25, 2016. p. 7. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170208093329/http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/lp/2556.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on February 8, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pershing+Square+Building&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=New+York+City+Landmarks+Preservation+Commission&rft.date=2016-11-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fs-media.nyc.gov%2Fagencies%2Flpc%2Flp%2F2556.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1923/06/24/archives/move-202000000-in-crowded-Streets-train-of-armored-cars-machine.html">"Move $202,000,000 In Crowded Streets; Train of Armored Cars, Machine Guns Bristling, Transfers the Bowery Bank's Wealth"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. June 24, 1923. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191028193344/https://www.nytimes.com/1923/06/24/archives/move-202000000-in-crowded-Streets-train-of-armored-cars-machine.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 28, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 28,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Move+%24202%2C000%2C000+In+Crowded+Streets%3B+Train+of+Armored+Cars%2C+Machine+Guns+Bristling%2C+Transfers+the+Bowery+Bank%27s+Wealth&rft.date=1923-06-24&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1923%2F06%2F24%2Farchives%2Fmove-202000000-in-crowded-Streets-train-of-armored-cars-machine.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bklyn.newspapers.com/clip/38056567/">"Bowery Savings Opens New Home"</a>. <i>Brooklyn Daily Eagle</i>. June 22, 1923. p. 22. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506014616/https://bklyn.newspapers.com/clip/38056567/bowery-savings-opens-new-home/">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 28,</span> 2019</span> – via Brooklyn Public Library; newspapers.com <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brooklyn+Daily+Eagle&rft.atitle=Bowery+Savings+Opens+New+Home&rft.pages=22&rft.date=1923-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbklyn.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F38056567%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeward1924" class="citation news cs1">Seward, Anne (June 22, 1924). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1924/06/22/archives/banking-one-flight-up-new-city-business-feature.html">"Banking, One Flight up, New City Business Feature"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191027161107/https://www.nytimes.com/1924/06/22/archives/banking-one-flight-up-new-city-business-feature.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 27, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 27,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Banking%2C+One+Flight+up%2C+New+City+Business+Feature&rft.date=1924-06-22&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Seward&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1924%2F06%2F22%2Farchives%2Fbanking-one-flight-up-new-city-business-feature.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYCL_(1987)_p._6-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYCL_(1987)_p._6_58-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYCL_(1987)_p._6_58-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLandmarks_Preservation_Commission1987">Landmarks Preservation Commission 1987</a>, p. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1922/09/15/archives/city-likely-to-gain-use-of-depew-place-negotiations-with-new-york.html">"City Likely to Gain Use of Depew Place; Negotiations With New York Central for Roadway East of Terminal"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. September 15, 1922. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607182339/https://www.nytimes.com/1922/09/15/archives/city-likely-to-gain-use-of-depew-place-negotiations-with-new-york.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=City+Likely+to+Gain+Use+of+Depew+Place%3B+Negotiations+With+New+York+Central+for+Roadway+East+of+Terminal&rft.date=1922-09-15&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1922%2F09%2F15%2Farchives%2Fcity-likely-to-gain-use-of-depew-place-negotiations-with-new-york.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52977712/">"Ask New Roadway at Grand Central"</a>. <i>New York Evening World</i>. August 30, 1920. p. 3. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506014616/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52977712/ask-new-roadway-at-grand-central/">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span> – via newspapers.com <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Evening+World&rft.atitle=Ask+New+Roadway+at+Grand+Central&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1920-08-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F52977712%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52977059/">"Viaduct East of Grand Central Planned by City"</a>. <i>New-York Tribune</i>. August 1, 1922. p. 8. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220424164514/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52977059/viaduct-east-of-grand-central-planned/">Archived</a> from the original on April 24, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span> – via newspapers.com <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New-York+Tribune&rft.atitle=Viaduct+East+of+Grand+Central+Planned+by+City&rft.pages=8&rft.date=1922-08-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F52977059%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt19261209-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyt19261209_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt19261209_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1926/12/09/archives/ny-central-starts-35story-building-wants-bids-on-40000-tons-of.html">"N.Y. Central Starts 35-story Building; Wants Bids on 40,000 Tons of Steel for Structure to Span Park Avenue"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. December 9, 1926. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607190129/https://www.nytimes.com/1926/12/09/archives/ny-central-starts-35story-building-wants-bids-on-40000-tons-of.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=N.Y.+Central+Starts+35-story+Building%3B+Wants+Bids+on+40%2C000+Tons+of+Steel+for+Structure+to+Span+Park+Avenue.&rft.date=1926-12-09&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1926%2F12%2F09%2Farchives%2Fny-central-starts-35story-building-wants-bids-on-40000-tons-of.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52977892/">"Traffic Plan Ready for Grand Central"</a>. <i>New York Herald</i>. November 5, 1922. p. 8. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506014617/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52977892/traffic-plan-ready-for-grand-central/">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span> – via newspapers.com <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Herald&rft.atitle=Traffic+Plan+Ready+for+Grand+Central&rft.pages=8&rft.date=1922-11-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F52977892%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nydn19240414-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nydn19240414_64-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nydn19240414_64-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52978933/">"Traffic Jam Relief"</a>. <i>New York Daily News</i>. April 14, 1924. p. 36. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506014616/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52978933/traffic-jam-relief/">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span> – via newspapers.com <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Traffic+Jam+Relief&rft.pages=36&rft.date=1924-04-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F52978933%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1927/09/18/archives/park-av-traffic-to-flow-through-35story-building-with-second-ramp.html">"Park Av. Traffic to Flow Through 35-story Building; With Second Ramp on East Side of Grand Central Congestion Will Be Greatly Eased"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. September 18, 1927. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607001532/https://www.nytimes.com/1927/09/18/archives/park-av-traffic-to-flow-through-35story-building-with-second-ramp.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Park+Av.+Traffic+to+Flow+Through+35-story+Building%3B+With+Second+Ramp+on+East+Side+of+Grand+Central+Congestion+Will+Be+Greatly+Eased.&rft.date=1927-09-18&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1927%2F09%2F18%2Farchives%2Fpark-av-traffic-to-flow-through-35story-building-with-second-ramp.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt19240413-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyt19240413_66-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt19240413_66-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1924/04/13/101589678.pdf">"City Soon to Start Depew Place Work"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The New York Times</i>. April 13, 1924. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506014618/http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1924/04/13/101589678.html?pdf_redirect=true&site=false">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 18,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=City+Soon+to+Start+Depew+Place+Work&rft.date=1924-04-13&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1924%2F04%2F13%2F101589678.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLandmarks_Preservation_Commission1987">Landmarks Preservation Commission 1987</a>, p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt19251229-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyt19251229_68-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt19251229_68-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1925/12/29/archives/park-av-roadway-plan-goes-through-craig-certifies-contract-for.html">"Park Av. Roadway Plan Goes Through; Craig Certifies Contract for Great Improvement Around Grand Central Terminal"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. December 29, 1925. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200608161847/https://www.nytimes.com/1925/12/29/archives/park-av-roadway-plan-goes-through-craig-certifies-contract-for.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 8, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Park+Av.+Roadway+Plan+Goes+Through%3B+Craig+Certifies+Contract+for+Great+Improvement+Around+Grand+Central+Terminal&rft.date=1925-12-29&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1925%2F12%2F29%2Farchives%2Fpark-av-roadway-plan-goes-through-craig-certifies-contract-for.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52978677/">"Craig Turns Down Mayor's Contract with N.Y. Central"</a>. <i>Brooklyn Times-Union</i>. October 12, 1924. p. 5. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506014617/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52978677/craig-turns-down-mayors-contract-with/">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2020</span> – via newspapers.com <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brooklyn+Times-Union&rft.atitle=Craig+Turns+Down+Mayor%27s+Contract+with+N.Y.+Central&rft.pages=5&rft.date=1924-10-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F52978677%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1928/02/05/archives/depew-place-open-to-public-traffic-miller-draws-aside-cord-which.html">"Depew Place Open to Public Traffic; Miller Draws Aside Cord Which Permits First Cars to Use Grand Central Viaduct"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. February 5, 1928. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607204802/https://www.nytimes.com/1928/02/05/archives/depew-place-open-to-public-traffic-miller-draws-aside-cord-which.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Depew+Place+Open+to+Public+Traffic%3B+Miller+Draws+Aside+Cord+Which+Permits+First+Cars+to+Use+Grand+Central+Viaduct&rft.date=1928-02-05&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1928%2F02%2F05%2Farchives%2Fdepew-place-open-to-public-traffic-miller-draws-aside-cord-which.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1928/11/29/archives/grand-central-gets-vanderbilt-statue-huge-figure-from-freight.html">"Grand Central Gets Vanderbilt Statue; Huge Figure From Freight Station to Face Automobile Viaduct From Park Avenue"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. November 29, 1928. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607183708/https://www.nytimes.com/1928/11/29/archives/grand-central-gets-vanderbilt-statue-huge-figure-from-freight.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Grand+Central+Gets+Vanderbilt+Statue%3B+Huge+Figure+From+Freight+Station+to+Face+Automobile+Viaduct+From+Park+Avenue.&rft.date=1928-11-29&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1928%2F11%2F29%2Farchives%2Fgrand-central-gets-vanderbilt-statue-huge-figure-from-freight.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin1995" class="citation news cs1">Martin, Douglas (November 16, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/11/16/nyregion/plan-for-pershing-square-would-yield-new-park.html">"Plan for Pershing Square Would Yield New Park"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607210218/https://www.nytimes.com/1995/11/16/nyregion/plan-for-pershing-square-would-yield-new-park.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Plan+for+Pershing+Square+Would+Yield+New+Park&rft.date=1995-11-16&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F11%2F16%2Fnyregion%2Fplan-for-pershing-square-would-yield-new-park.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52980935/">"Information Aid for World's Fair"</a>. <i>New York Daily News</i>. December 19, 1938. p. 279. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506014638/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52980935/information-aid-for-worlds-fair/">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span> – via newspapers.com <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Information+Aid+for+World%27s+Fair&rft.pages=279&rft.date=1938-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F52980935%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NY2000-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NY2000_74-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NY2000_74-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NY2000_74-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NY2000_74-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSternFishmanTilove2006" class="citation book cs1">Stern, Robert A. M.; Fishman, David; Tilove, Jacob (2006). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newyork2000archi0000ster"><i>New York 2000: Architecture and Urbanism Between the Bicentennial and the Millennium</i></a></span>. New York: Monacelli Press. p. 485. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58093-177-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58093-177-9"><bdi>978-1-58093-177-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/70267065">70267065</a>. <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL22741487M">22741487M</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+York+2000%3A+Architecture+and+Urbanism+Between+the+Bicentennial+and+the+Millennium&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=485&rft.pub=Monacelli+Press&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F70267065&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL22741487M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=978-1-58093-177-9&rft.aulast=Stern&rft.aufirst=Robert+A.+M.&rft.au=Fishman%2C+David&rft.au=Tilove%2C+Jacob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnewyork2000archi0000ster&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.nyc.gov/doitt/nycitymap/?z=8&p=990365,213165&c=GISBasic&s=a:90,EAST+42+STREET,MANHATTAN">"90 East 42nd Street"</a>. <i>NYC.gov</i>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Department_of_Information_Technology_and_Telecommunications" class="mw-redirect" title="New York City Department of Information Technology and Telecommunications">New York City Department of Information Technology and Telecommunications</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210901013232/http://maps.nyc.gov/doitt/nycitymap/?z=8&p=990365,213165&c=GISBasic&s=a:90,EAST+42+STREET,MANHATTAN">Archived</a> from the original on September 1, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 20,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NYC.gov&rft.atitle=90+East+42nd+Street&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmaps.nyc.gov%2Fdoitt%2Fnycitymap%2F%3Fz%3D8%26p%3D990365%2C213165%26c%3DGISBasic%26s%3Da%3A90%2CEAST%2B42%2BSTREET%2CMANHATTAN&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFederal_Writers'_Project1939" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Writers%27_Project" title="Federal Writers' Project">Federal Writers' Project</a> (1939). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newyorkcityguide00federich"><i>New York City Guide</i></a>. New York: Random House. p. 222. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60354-055-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60354-055-1"><bdi>978-1-60354-055-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+York+City+Guide&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=222&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=1939&rft.isbn=978-1-60354-055-1&rft.au=Federal+Writers%27+Project&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnewyorkcityguide00federich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span> (Reprinted by Scholarly Press, 1976; often referred to as <i>WPA Guide to New York City</i>.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52979619/">"1,200 an Hour Jam City's New Information Booth to Play Quiz"</a>. <i>New York Daily News</i>. December 19, 1939. p. 277. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506014619/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52979619/1200-an-hour-jam-citys-new/">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span> – via newspapers.com <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=1%2C200+an+Hour+Jam+City%27s+New+Information+Booth+to+Play+Quiz&rft.pages=277&rft.date=1939-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F52979619%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSlatin1993" class="citation news cs1">Slatin, Peter (August 22, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/22/realestate/al-fresco-dining-facing-grand-central.html">"Al Fresco Dining Facing Grand Central?"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607214530/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/22/realestate/al-fresco-dining-facing-grand-central.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Al+Fresco+Dining+Facing+Grand+Central%3F&rft.date=1993-08-22&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Slatin&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F08%2F22%2Frealestate%2Fal-fresco-dining-facing-grand-central.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1960/01/24/archives/viaduct-to-be-closed-repairs-will-be-made-on-park-avenue-segment.html">"Viaduct to Be Closed; Repairs Will Be Made on Park Avenue Segment"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. January 24, 1960. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607214534/https://www.nytimes.com/1960/01/24/archives/viaduct-to-be-closed-repairs-will-be-made-on-park-avenue-segment.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Viaduct+to+Be+Closed%3B+Repairs+Will+Be+Made+on+Park+Avenue+Segment&rft.date=1960-01-24&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1960%2F01%2F24%2Farchives%2Fviaduct-to-be-closed-repairs-will-be-made-on-park-avenue-segment.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt19840719-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyt19840719_80-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt19840719_80-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRimer1984" class="citation news cs1">Rimer, Sara (July 19, 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1984/07/19/nyregion/park-avenue-viaduct-new-battle-in-traffic-wars.html">"Park Avenue Viaduct: New Battle in Traffic Wars"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607214537/https://www.nytimes.com/1984/07/19/nyregion/park-avenue-viaduct-new-battle-in-traffic-wars.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Park+Avenue+Viaduct%3A+New+Battle+in+Traffic+Wars&rft.date=1984-07-19&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Rimer&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1984%2F07%2F19%2Fnyregion%2Fpark-avenue-viaduct-new-battle-in-traffic-wars.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt19850909-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyt19850909_81-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt19850909_81-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt19850909_81-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1985/09/09/nyregion/the-city-park-ave-viaduct-to-reopen-today.html">"The City; Park Ave. Viaduct To Reopen Today"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. September 9, 1985. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607214537/https://www.nytimes.com/1985/09/09/nyregion/the-city-park-ave-viaduct-to-reopen-today.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+City%3B+Park+Ave.+Viaduct+To+Reopen+Today&rft.date=1985-09-09&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1985%2F09%2F09%2Fnyregion%2Fthe-city-park-ave-viaduct-to-reopen-today.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1985/05/01/nyregion/northbound-park-ave-shut-at-grand-central-for-repairs.html">"Northbound Park Ave. Shut at Grand Central for Repairs"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. May 1, 1985. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607214554/https://www.nytimes.com/1985/05/01/nyregion/northbound-park-ave-shut-at-grand-central-for-repairs.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Northbound+Park+Ave.+Shut+at+Grand+Central+for+Repairs&rft.date=1985-05-01&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1985%2F05%2F01%2Fnyregion%2Fnorthbound-park-ave-shut-at-grand-central-for-repairs.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt19921008-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyt19921008_83-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt19921008_83-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLouie1992" class="citation news cs1">Louie, Elaine (October 8, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/10/08/garden/currents-1919-lights-return-to-a-viaduct.html">"Currents; 1919 Lights Return to A Viaduct"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190409091838/https://www.nytimes.com/1992/10/08/garden/currents-1919-lights-return-to-a-viaduct.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 9, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Currents%3B+1919+Lights+Return+to+A+Viaduct&rft.date=1992-10-08&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Louie&rft.aufirst=Elaine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F10%2F08%2Fgarden%2Fcurrents-1919-lights-return-to-a-viaduct.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShepard1989" class="citation news cs1">Shepard, Joan (November 29, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52980028/">"42d Street plan may get a nibble"</a>. <i>New York Daily News</i>. p. 661. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506014618/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52980028/42d-street-plan-may-get-a-nibble/">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span> – via newspapers.com <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Daily+News&rft.atitle=42d+Street+plan+may+get+a+nibble&rft.pages=661&rft.date=1989-11-29&rft.aulast=Shepard&rft.aufirst=Joan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F52980028%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_85-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_85-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin1995" class="citation news cs1">Martin, Douglas (November 16, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/11/16/nyregion/plan-for-pershing-square-would-yield-new-park.html">"Plan for Pershing Square Would Yield New Park"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607210218/https://www.nytimes.com/1995/11/16/nyregion/plan-for-pershing-square-would-yield-new-park.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Plan+for+Pershing+Square+Would+Yield+New+Park&rft.date=1995-11-16&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F11%2F16%2Fnyregion%2Fplan-for-pershing-square-would-yield-new-park.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRothstein1997" class="citation news cs1">Rothstein, Mervyn (May 14, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1997/05/14/nyregion/restaurant-to-fill-niche-under-park-ave-viaduct.html">"Restaurant to Fill Niche Under Park Ave. Viaduct"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607210217/https://www.nytimes.com/1997/05/14/nyregion/restaurant-to-fill-niche-under-park-ave-viaduct.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 7, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Restaurant+to+Fill+Niche+Under+Park+Ave.+Viaduct&rft.date=1997-05-14&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Rothstein&rft.aufirst=Mervyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1997%2F05%2F14%2Fnyregion%2Frestaurant-to-fill-niche-under-park-ave-viaduct.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVarner1999" class="citation news cs1">Varner, Bill (August 15, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52980219/">"Cafe to call attention to Pershing Square"</a>. <i>The Journal-News</i>. p. 3. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220506014618/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52980219/cafe-to-call-attention-to-pershing/">Archived</a> from the original on May 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 4,</span> 2020</span> – via newspapers.com <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal-News&rft.atitle=Cafe+to+call+attention+to+Pershing+Square&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1999-08-15&rft.aulast=Varner&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F52980219%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSparkes1922" class="citation news cs1">Sparkes, Boyden (August 6, 1922). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52976693/">"Making New York Safe for Pedestrians"</a>. <i>New-York Tribune</i>. p. 50<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 7,</span> 2020</span> – via newspapers.com <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"><img alt="Open access icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/9px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/14px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg/18px-Open_Access_logo_PLoS_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New-York+Tribune&rft.atitle=Making+New+York+Safe+for+Pedestrians&rft.pages=50&rft.date=1922-08-06&rft.aulast=Sparkes&rft.aufirst=Boyden&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F52976693%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNew_York_City_Landmarks_Preservation_CommissionDolkartPostal2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Landmarks_Preservation_Commission" title="New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission">New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission</a>; <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Dolkart" title="Andrew Dolkart">Dolkart, Andrew S.</a>; Postal, Matthew A. (2009). Postal, Matthew A. (ed.). <i>Guide to New York City Landmarks</i> (4th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. p. 101. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-470-28963-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-28963-1"><bdi>978-0-470-28963-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guide+to+New+York+City+Landmarks&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=101&rft.edition=4th&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-470-28963-1&rft.au=New+York+City+Landmarks+Preservation+Commission&rft.au=Dolkart%2C+Andrew+S.&rft.au=Postal%2C+Matthew+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNational_Park_Service1983">National Park Service 1983</a>, p. 11.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><b>Sources</b> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLandmarks_Preservation_Commission1987" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/lp/1297.pdf">"Helmsley Building"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Landmarks_Preservation_Commission" title="New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission">New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission</a>. March 31, 1987.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Helmsley+Building&rft.pub=New+York+City+Landmarks+Preservation+Commission&rft.date=1987-03-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fs-media.nyc.gov%2Fagencies%2Flpc%2Flp%2F1297.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Park_Service1983" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_NY/83001726.pdf">"Historic Structures Report: Park Avenue Viaduct"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a>. August 11, 1983.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historic+Structures+Report%3A+Park+Avenue+Viaduct&rft.pub=National+Register+of+Historic+Places%2C+National+Park+Service&rft.date=1983-08-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2FNARAprodstorage%2Flz%2Felectronic-records%2Frg-079%2FNPS_NY%2F83001726.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLandmarks_Preservation_Commission1980" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/lp/1127.pdf">"Park Avenue Viaduct"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Landmarks_Preservation_Commission" title="New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission">New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission</a>. September 23, 1980.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Park+Avenue+Viaduct&rft.pub=New+York+City+Landmarks+Preservation+Commission&rft.date=1980-09-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fs-media.nyc.gov%2Fagencies%2Flpc%2Flp%2F1127.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArchitecture1919" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101082993195&view=1up&seq=137">"The Park Avenue Viaduct, New York City"</a>. <i>Architecture</i>. Vol. 39. 1919.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Architecture&rft.atitle=The+Park+Avenue+Viaduct%2C+New+York+City&rft.volume=39&rft.date=1919&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbabel.hathitrust.org%2Fcgi%2Fpt%3Fid%3Dnjp.32101082993195%26view%3D1up%26seq%3D137&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobinsNew_York_Transit_Museum2013" class="citation book cs1">Robins, A.W.; New York Transit Museum (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GnKxDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT98"><i>Grand Central Terminal: 100 Years of a New York Landmark</i></a>. ABRAMS. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61312-387-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61312-387-4"><bdi>978-1-61312-387-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Grand+Central+Terminal%3A+100+Years+of+a+New+York+Landmark&rft.pub=ABRAMS&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-61312-387-4&rft.aulast=Robins&rft.aufirst=A.W.&rft.au=New+York+Transit+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGnKxDQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT98&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchlichting2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kurt_C._Schlichting" title="Kurt C. Schlichting">Schlichting, Kurt C.</a> (2001). <i>Grand Central Terminal: Railroads, Architecture and Engineering in New York</i>. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8018-6510-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-8018-6510-7"><bdi>0-8018-6510-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Grand+Central+Terminal%3A+Railroads%2C+Architecture+and+Engineering+in+New+York&rft.place=Baltimore&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-8018-6510-7&rft.aulast=Schlichting&rft.aufirst=Kurt+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APark+Avenue+Viaduct" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Park_Avenue_Viaduct&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Park_Avenue_Viaduct" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Park Avenue Viaduct">Park Avenue Viaduct</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Midtown_(42nd–59th_Streets)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Midtown_North,_Manhattan" title="Template:Midtown North, Manhattan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Midtown_North,_Manhattan" title="Template talk:Midtown North, Manhattan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Midtown_North,_Manhattan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Midtown North, Manhattan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Midtown_(42nd–59th_Streets)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Midtown_Manhattan" title="Midtown Manhattan">Midtown (42nd–59th Streets)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Buildings" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Buildings</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West of<br />5th Av</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_Worldwide_Plaza" title="One Worldwide Plaza">1 Worldwide Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_Columbus_Circle" title="2 Columbus Circle">2 Columbus Cir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_Columbus_Circle" title="5 Columbus Circle">5 Columbus Cir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_West_54th_Street" title="5 West 54th Street">5 W 54th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7_West_54th_Street" title="7 West 54th Street">7 W 54th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_West_56th_Street" title="10 West 56th Street">10 W 56th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11_West_54th_Street" title="11 West 54th Street">11 W 54th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_West_56th_Street" title="12 West 56th Street">12 W 56th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13_and_15_West_54th_Street" title="13 and 15 West 54th Street">13–15 W 54th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30_West_44th_Street" title="30 West 44th Street">30 W 44th St (Penn Club)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30_West_56th_Street" title="30 West 56th Street">30 W 56th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/46_West_55th_Street" title="46 West 55th Street">46 W 55th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53W53" title="53W53">53W53</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/111_West_57th_Street" title="111 West 57th Street">111 W 57th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_of_Performing_Arts" title="High School of Performing Arts">120 W 46th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/125_West_55th_Street" title="125 West 55th Street">125 W 55th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/130_West_57th_Street" title="130 West 57th Street">130 W 57th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/140_West_57th_Street" title="140 West 57th Street">140 W 57th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/165_West_57th_Street" title="165 West 57th Street">165 W 57th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/200_Central_Park_South" title="200 Central Park South">200 Central Park S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/218_West_57th_Street" title="218 West 57th Street">218 W 57th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/220_Central_Park_South" title="220 Central Park South">220 Central Park S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/224_West_57th_Street" title="224 West 57th Street">224 W 57th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/240_Central_Park_South" title="240 Central Park South">240 Central Park S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/500_Fifth_Avenue" title="500 Fifth Avenue">500 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/520_Fifth_Avenue" title="520 Fifth Avenue">520 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/608_Fifth_Avenue" title="608 Fifth Avenue">608 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/650_Fifth_Avenue" title="650 Fifth Avenue">650 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/660_Fifth_Avenue" title="660 Fifth Avenue">660 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/712_Fifth_Avenue" title="712 Fifth Avenue">712 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/740_Eighth_Avenue" title="740 Eighth Avenue">740 8th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/750_Seventh_Avenue" title="750 Seventh Avenue">750 7th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/810_Seventh_Avenue" title="810 Seventh Avenue">810 7th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/888_Seventh_Avenue" title="888 Seventh Avenue">888 7th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1166_Avenue_of_the_Americas" title="1166 Avenue of the Americas">1166 6th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1301_Avenue_of_the_Americas" title="1301 Avenue of the Americas">1301 6th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1345_Avenue_of_the_Americas" title="1345 Avenue of the Americas">1345 6th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1717_Broadway" title="1717 Broadway">1717 Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1740_Broadway" title="1740 Broadway">1740 Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeolian_Building_(42nd_Street)" title="Aeolian Building (42nd Street)">Aeolian Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alwyn_Court" title="Alwyn Court">Alwyn Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americas_Tower" title="Americas Tower">Americas Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARO_(building)" title="ARO (building)">ARO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axa_Equitable_Center" title="Axa Equitable Center">Axa Equitable Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_America_Tower_(Manhattan)" title="Bank of America Tower (Manhattan)">Bank of America Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergdorf_Goodman_Building" title="Bergdorf Goodman Building">Bergdorf Goodman Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Briarcliffe" title="The Briarcliffe">The Briarcliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brill_Building" title="Brill Building">Brill Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvary_Baptist_Church_(Manhattan)" title="Calvary Baptist Church (Manhattan)">Calvary Baptist Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Hall_Tower" title="Carnegie Hall Tower">Carnegie Hall Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Park_Place" title="Central Park Place">Central Park Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Park_Tower" title="Central Park Tower">Central Park Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBS_Building" title="CBS Building">CBS Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Mary_the_Virgin_(Manhattan)" title="Church of St. Mary the Virgin (Manhattan)">Church of St. Mary the Virgin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Building_(Manhattan)" title="Crown Building (Manhattan)">Crown Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coty_Building" title="Coty Building">Coty Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Bank_Center" title="Deutsche Bank Center">Deutsche Bank Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Michelangelo" title="The Michelangelo">Executive Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue_Presbyterian_Church" title="Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church">Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gainsborough_Studios_(Manhattan)" title="Gainsborough Studios (Manhattan)">Gainsborough Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampshire_House" title="Hampshire House">Hampshire House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hearst_Tower_(Manhattan)" title="Hearst Tower (Manhattan)">Hearst Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manufacturers_Trust_Company_Building" title="Manufacturers Trust Company Building">Manufacturers Trust Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Hellinger_Theatre" title="Mark Hellinger Theatre">Mark Hellinger Theatre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Times_Square_Church" title="Times Square Church">Times Square Church</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Tower_(Manhattan)" title="Metropolitan Tower (Manhattan)">Metropolitan Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_the_New_York_City_Bar_Association" title="House of the New York City Bar Association">New York City Bar Association Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Yacht_Club_Building" title="New York Yacht Club Building">New York Yacht Club Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One57" title="One57">One57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Osborne" title="The Osborne">The Osborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramount_Plaza" title="Paramount Plaza">Paramount Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_House_(New_York_City)" title="Park House (New York City)">Park House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Center" title="Philippine Center">Philippine Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Random_House_Tower" title="Random House Tower">Random House Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Apartments" title="Rockefeller Apartments">Rockefeller Apts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodin_Studios" title="Rodin Studios">Rodin Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Malachy_Roman_Catholic_Church" title="St. Malachy Roman Catholic Church">St. Malachy Roman Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Thomas_Church_(Manhattan)" title="Saint Thomas Church (Manhattan)">St. Thomas Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmon_Tower_Building" title="Salmon Tower Building">Salmon Tower Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solow_Building" title="Solow Building">Solow Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_49" title="Tower 49">Tower 49</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_Fifth" title="Tower Fifth">Tower Fifth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_Parc" title="Trump Parc">Trump Parc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._R._Grace_Building" title="W. R. Grace Building">W. R. Grace Bldg</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Center" title="Rockefeller Center">Rockefeller Center</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1_Rockefeller_Plaza" title="1 Rockefeller Plaza">1 Rockefeller Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_Rockefeller_Plaza" title="10 Rockefeller Plaza">10 Rockefeller Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30_Rockefeller_Plaza" title="30 Rockefeller Plaza">30 Rockefeller Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50_Rockefeller_Plaza" title="50 Rockefeller Plaza">50 Rockefeller Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/75_Rockefeller_Plaza" title="75 Rockefeller Plaza">75 Rockefeller Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1211_Avenue_of_the_Americas" title="1211 Avenue of the Americas">1211 6th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1221_Avenue_of_the_Americas" title="1221 Avenue of the Americas">1221 6th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1251_Avenue_of_the_Americas" title="1251 Avenue of the Americas">1251 6th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1271_Avenue_of_the_Americas" title="1271 Avenue of the Americas">1271 6th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Empire_Building" title="British Empire Building">British Empire Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Building_(Rockefeller_Center)" title="International Building (Rockefeller Center)">International Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Maison_Francaise_(Rockefeller_Center)" title="La Maison Francaise (Rockefeller Center)">La Maison Francaise</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Times_Square" title="Times Square">Times Square</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_Astor_Plaza" title="One Astor Plaza">1 Astor Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Times_Square" title="One Times Square">1 Times Sq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_Times_Square" title="3 Times Square">3 Times Sq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Times_Square" title="4 Times Square">4 Times Sq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleven_Times_Square" title="Eleven Times Square">11 Times Sq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20_Times_Square" title="20 Times Square">20 Times Sq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/229_West_43rd_Street" title="229 West 43rd Street">229 W 43rd St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Times_Square_Hotel" title="Times Square Hotel">255 W 43rd St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1500_Broadway" title="1500 Broadway">1500 Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1501_Broadway" title="1501 Broadway">1501 Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1540_Broadway" title="1540 Broadway">1540 Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1552_Broadway" title="1552 Broadway">1552 Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1585_Broadway" title="1585 Broadway">1585 Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSX_Broadway" title="TSX Broadway">TSX Broadway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East of<br />5th Av</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_Vanderbilt" title="One Vanderbilt">One Vanderbilt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_East_57th_Street" title="3 East 57th Street">3 E 57th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hale_Building" title="Hale Building">7 E 44th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_East_53rd_Street" title="12 East 53rd Street">12 E 53rd St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18_East_50th_Street" title="18 East 50th Street">18 E 50th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19_East_54th_Street" title="19 East 54th Street">19 E 54th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selene_(building)" title="Selene (building)">100 E 53rd St (Selene)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/138_East_50th_Street" title="138 East 50th Street">138 E 50th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/175_Park_Avenue" title="175 Park Avenue">175 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/252_East_57th_Street" title="252 East 57th Street">252 E 57th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/245_Park_Avenue" title="245 Park Avenue">245 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/270_Park_Avenue_(2021%E2%80%93present)" title="270 Park Avenue (2021–present)">270 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/277_Park_Avenue" title="277 Park Avenue">277 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/299_Park_Avenue" title="299 Park Avenue">299 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/345_Park_Avenue" title="345 Park Avenue">345 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/383_Madison_Avenue" title="383 Madison Avenue">383 Madison Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/399_Park_Avenue" title="399 Park Avenue">399 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/400_Madison_Avenue" title="400 Madison Avenue">400 Madison Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/425_Park_Avenue" title="425 Park Avenue">425 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/432_Park_Avenue" title="432 Park Avenue">432 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/450_Lexington_Avenue" title="450 Lexington Avenue">450 Lexington Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/450_Park_Avenue" title="450 Park Avenue">450 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/488_Madison_Avenue" title="488 Madison Avenue">488 Madison Av (Look Bldg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/500_Park_Avenue" title="500 Park Avenue">500 Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/525_Lexington_Avenue" title="525 Lexington Avenue">525 Lexington Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/550_Madison_Avenue" title="550 Madison Avenue">550 Madison Av (Sony Bldg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/569_Lexington_Avenue" title="569 Lexington Avenue">569 Lexington Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/590_Madison_Avenue" title="590 Madison Avenue">590 Madison Av (IBM Bldg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/599_Lexington_Avenue" title="599 Lexington Avenue">599 Lexington Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/647_Fifth_Avenue" title="647 Fifth Avenue">647 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/689_Fifth_Avenue" title="689 Fifth Avenue">689 5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/731_Lexington_Avenue" title="731 Lexington Avenue">731 Lexington Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/919_Third_Avenue" title="919 Third Avenue">919 3rd Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Fifth_Avenue" title="Apple Fifth Avenue">Apple Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartier_Building" title="Cartier Building">Cartier Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBS_Studio_Building" title="CBS Studio Building">CBS Studio Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Synagogue_(Manhattan)" title="Central Synagogue (Manhattan)">Central Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Scribner%27s_Sons_Building" title="Charles Scribner's Sons Building">Charles Scribner's Sons Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Building" title="Chrysler Building">Chrysler Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Sweden_in_New_York" title="Church of Sweden in New York">Church of Sweden in New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citigroup_Center" title="Citigroup Center">Citigroup Ctr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CitySpire" title="CitySpire">CitySpire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DuMont_Building" title="DuMont Building">DuMont Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Church_of_Christ,_Scientist_(New_York_City)" title="Fifth Church of Christ, Scientist (New York City)">Fifth Church of Christ, Scientist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_F._French_Building" title="Fred F. French Building">Fred F. French Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuller_Building" title="Fuller Building">Fuller Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Electric_Building" title="General Electric Building">General Electric Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Motors_Building_(Manhattan)" title="General Motors Building (Manhattan)">General Motors Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graybar_Building" title="Graybar Building">Graybar Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmsley_Building" title="Helmsley Building">Helmsley Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lever_House" title="Lever House">Lever House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipstick_Building" title="Lipstick Building">Lipstick Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LVMH_Tower" title="LVMH Tower">LVMH Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MetLife_Building" title="MetLife Building">MetLife Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modulightor_Building" title="Modulightor Building">Modulightor Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Moore_House" title="William H. Moore House">William H. Moore House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_Tower" title="Olympic Tower">Olympic Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Plaza" title="Park Avenue Plaza">Park Avenue Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Tower" title="Park Avenue Tower">Park Avenue Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritz_Tower" title="Ritz Tower">Ritz Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saks_Fifth_Avenue_flagship_store" title="Saks Fifth Avenue flagship store">Saks Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Agnes_Church_(New_York_City)" title="St. Agnes Church (New York City)">St. Agnes Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Bartholomew%27s_Episcopal_Church_(Manhattan)" title="St. Bartholomew's Episcopal Church (Manhattan)">St. Bartholomew's Episcopal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Patrick%27s_Cathedral_(Midtown_Manhattan)" title="St. Patrick's Cathedral (Midtown Manhattan)">St. Patrick's Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seagram_Building" title="Seagram Building">Seagram Bldg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutton_58" title="Sutton 58">Sutton 58</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffany_%26_Co._flagship_store" title="Tiffany & Co. flagship store">Tiffany & Co.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_Tower" title="Trump Tower">Trump Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villard_Houses" title="Villard Houses">Villard Houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_and_Helen_Ziegler_House" title="William and Helen Ziegler House">William and Helen Ziegler House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Palace" title="Grand Central Palace">Grand Central Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Marguery" title="Hotel Marguery">Hotel Marguery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrs._O._H._P._Belmont_House" title="Mrs. O. H. P. Belmont House">Mrs. O. H. P. Belmont House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherwood_Studio_Building" title="Sherwood Studio Building">Sherwood Studio Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Nicholas_Collegiate_Reformed_Protestant_Dutch_Church" title="St. Nicholas Collegiate Reformed Protestant Dutch Church">St. Nicholas Collegiate Reformed Protestant Dutch Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studebaker_Building_(Midtown_Manhattan)" title="Studebaker Building (Midtown Manhattan)">Studebaker Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Emanu-El_(New_York,_1868)" title="Temple Emanu-El (New York, 1868)">Temple Emanu-El</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/270_Park_Avenue_(1960%E2%80%932021)" title="270 Park Avenue (1960–2021)">Union Carbide Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_Triple_Palace" title="Vanderbilt Triple Palace">Vanderbilt Triple Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_K._Vanderbilt_House" title="William K. Vanderbilt House">William K. Vanderbilt House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Presbyterian_Church" title="West Presbyterian Church">West Presbyterian Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Theaters" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Theaters</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Broadway_theaters" title="List of Broadway theaters">Broadway theaters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambassador_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Ambassador Theatre (New York City)">Ambassador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Wilson_Theatre" title="August Wilson Theatre">August Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belasco_Theatre" title="Belasco Theatre">Belasco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_B._Jacobs_Theatre" title="Bernard B. Jacobs Theatre">Bernard B. Jacobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booth_Theatre" title="Booth Theatre">Booth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadhurst_Theatre" title="Broadhurst Theatre">Broadhurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_Theatre_(53rd_Street)" title="Broadway Theatre (53rd Street)">Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circle_in_the_Square_Theatre" title="Circle in the Square Theatre">Circle in the Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethel_Barrymore_Theatre" title="Ethel Barrymore Theatre">Ethel Barrymore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_O%27Neill_Theatre" title="Eugene O'Neill Theatre">Eugene O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Schoenfeld_Theatre" title="Gerald Schoenfeld Theatre">Gerald Schoenfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gershwin_Theatre" title="Gershwin Theatre">Gershwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayes_Theater" title="Hayes Theater">Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Theatre" title="Hudson Theatre">Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Theatre" title="Imperial Theatre">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones_Theatre" title="James Earl Jones Theatre">James Earl Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Golden_Theatre" title="John Golden Theatre">John Golden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lena_Horne_Theatre" title="Lena Horne Theatre">Lena Horne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longacre_Theatre" title="Longacre Theatre">Longacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunt-Fontanne_Theatre" title="Lunt-Fontanne Theatre">Lunt-Fontanne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyceum_Theatre_(Broadway)" title="Lyceum Theatre (Broadway)">Lyceum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyric_Theatre_(New_York_City,_1998)" title="Lyric Theatre (New York City, 1998)">Lyric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majestic_Theatre_(Broadway)" title="Majestic Theatre (Broadway)">Majestic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_Theatre" title="Marquis Theatre">Marquis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minskoff_Theatre" title="Minskoff Theatre">Minskoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_Box_Theatre" title="Music Box Theatre">Music Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Simon_Theatre" title="Neil Simon Theatre">Neil Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Palace Theatre (New York City)">Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rodgers_Theatre" title="Richard Rodgers Theatre">Richard Rodgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._James_Theatre" title="St. James Theatre">St. James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Friedman_Theatre" title="Samuel J. Friedman Theatre">Samuel J. Friedman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shubert_Theatre_(Broadway)" title="Shubert Theatre (Broadway)">Shubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Sondheim_Theatre" title="Stephen Sondheim Theatre">Stephen Sondheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studio_54" title="Studio 54">Studio 54</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Haimes_Theatre" title="Todd Haimes Theatre">Todd Haimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Kerr_Theatre" title="Walter Kerr Theatre">Walter Kerr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_Garden_Theatre" title="Winter Garden Theatre">Winter Garden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/55th_Street_Playhouse" title="55th Street Playhouse">55th Street Playhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Hall" title="Carnegie Hall">Carnegie Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Sullivan_Theater" title="Ed Sullivan Theater">Ed Sullivan Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_ImaginAsian" title="The ImaginAsian">The ImaginAsian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Victory_Theater" title="New Victory Theater">New Victory Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Center" title="New York City Center">New York City Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Theater_(Manhattan)" title="Paris Theater (Manhattan)">Paris Theater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_City_Music_Hall" title="Radio City Music Hall">Radio City Music Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sony_Hall" title="Sony Hall">Sony Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Theater_Center" title="The Theater Center">The Theater Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Town_Hall_(New_York_City)" title="The Town Hall (New York City)">The Town Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_Theatre" title="York Theatre">York Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closed/demolished</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/44th_Street_Theatre" title="44th Street Theatre">44th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/48th_Street_Theatre" title="48th Street Theatre">48th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Theatre_(42nd_Street)" title="Apollo Theatre (42nd Street)">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Center Theatre (New York City)">Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitol_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Capitol Theatre (New York City)">Capitol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Carroll_Theatre" title="Earl Carroll Theatre">Earl Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edison_Theatre" title="Edison Theatre">Edison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Embassy Theatre (New York City)">Embassy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulton_Theatre" title="Fulton Theatre">Fulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Cohan%27s_Theatre" title="George M. Cohan's Theatre">George M. Cohan's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loew%27s_State_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Loew's State Theatre (New York City)">Loew's State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyric_Theatre_(New_York_City,_1998)" title="Lyric Theatre (New York City, 1998)">Lyric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Century_Theatre" title="New Century Theatre">New Century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympia_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Olympia Theatre (New York City)">Olympia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxy_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Roxy Theatre (New York City)">Roxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strand_Theatre_(Manhattan)" title="Strand Theatre (Manhattan)">Strand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Times_Square_Theater" title="Times Square Theater">Times Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Theatre_(Hammerstein%27s)" title="Victoria Theatre (Hammerstein's)">Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Theatre_(1927)" title="Ziegfeld Theatre (1927)">Ziegfeld (1927)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziegfeld_Theatre_(1969)" title="Ziegfeld Theatre (1969)">Ziegfeld (1969)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Hotels" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Hotels</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algonquin_Hotel" title="Algonquin Hotel">Algonquin Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allerton_Hotel_for_Women" title="Allerton Hotel for Women">Allerton Hotel for Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Benjamin_Royal_Sonesta_New_York" title="The Benjamin Royal Sonesta New York">The Benjamin Royal Sonesta New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassa_Hotel_%26_Residences" title="Cassa Hotel & Residences">Cassa Hotel & Residences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Chatwal_New_York" title="The Chatwal New York">The Chatwal New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webster_Hotel" title="Webster Hotel">Club Quarters, Midtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowne_Plaza_Times_Square_Manhattan" title="Crowne Plaza Times Square Manhattan">Crowne Plaza Times Square Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Seasons_Hotel_New_York" title="Four Seasons Hotel New York">Four Seasons Hotel New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Edison" title="Hotel Edison">Hotel Edison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Elys%C3%A9e" title="Hotel Elysée">Hotel Elysée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Gerard" title="Hotel Gerard">Hotel Gerard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyatt_Grand_Central_New_York" title="Hyatt Grand Central New York">Hyatt Grand Central New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InterContinental_New_York_Barclay_Hotel" title="InterContinental New York Barclay Hotel">InterContinental New York Barclay Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JW_Marriott_Essex_House" title="JW Marriott Essex House">JW Marriott Essex House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Iroquois_New_York" title="The Iroquois New York">The Iroquois New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Hotel_(New_York_City)" title="Lexington Hotel (New York City)">Lexington Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombardy_Hotel" title="Lombardy Hotel">Lombardy Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotte_New_York_Palace_Hotel" title="Lotte New York Palace Hotel">Lotte New York Palace Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxor_Hotel_(New_York_City)" title="Luxor Hotel (New York City)">Luxor Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansfield_Hotel" title="Mansfield Hotel">Mansfield Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Michelangelo" title="The Michelangelo">The Michelangelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennium_Times_Square_New_York" title="Millennium Times Square New York">Millennium Times Square New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Hilton_Midtown" title="New York Hilton Midtown">New York Hilton Midtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Marriott_Marquis" title="New York Marriott Marquis">New York Marriott Marquis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramount_Hotel" title="Paramount Hotel">Paramount Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Central_Hotel" title="Park Central Hotel">Park Central Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Lane_Hotel_(Manhattan)" title="Park Lane Hotel (Manhattan)">Park Lane Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Peninsula_New_York" title="The Peninsula New York">The Peninsula New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaza_Hotel" title="Plaza Hotel">Plaza Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Quin" title="The Quin">The Quin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_St._Moritz" title="Hotel St. Moritz">The Ritz-Carlton New York, Central Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Smith_Hotel" title="Roger Smith Hotel">Roger Smith Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Row_NYC_Hotel" title="Row NYC Hotel">Row NYC Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royalton_Hotel" title="Royalton Hotel">Royalton Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Regis_New_York" title="St. Regis New York">St. Regis New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheraton_New_York_Times_Square_Hotel" title="Sheraton New York Times Square Hotel">Sheraton New York Times Square Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofitel_New_York_Hotel" title="Sofitel New York Hotel">Sofitel New York Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompson_Central_Park_New_York_Hotel" title="Thompson Central Park New York Hotel">Thompson Central Park New York Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldorf_Astoria_New_York" title="Waldorf Astoria New York">Waldorf Astoria New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warwick_New_York_Hotel" title="Warwick New York Hotel">Warwick New York Hotel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/569_Lexington_Avenue" title="569 Lexington Avenue">DoubleTree by Hilton Hotel Metropolitan New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Carter" title="Hotel Carter">Hotel Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Claridge" title="Hotel Claridge">Hotel Claridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Manhattan" title="Hotel Manhattan">Hotel Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Metropole_(New_York_City)" title="Hotel Metropole (New York City)">Hotel Metropole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Biltmore_Hotel" title="New York Biltmore Hotel">New York Biltmore Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/525_Lexington_Avenue" title="525 Lexington Avenue">New York Marriott East Side</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omni_Berkshire_Place" title="Omni Berkshire Place">Omni Berkshire Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pabst_Hotel" title="Pabst Hotel">Pabst Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritz-Carlton_Hotel_(New_York_City)" title="Ritz-Carlton Hotel (New York City)">Ritz-Carlton Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Hotel_(Manhattan)" title="Roosevelt Hotel (Manhattan)">Roosevelt Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savoy-Plaza_Hotel" title="Savoy-Plaza Hotel">Savoy-Plaza Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Times_Square_Hotel" title="Times Square Hotel">Times Square Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weylin_Hotel" title="Weylin Hotel">Weylin Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor_Hotel_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Windsor Hotel (Manhattan)">Windsor Hotel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other_points_of_interest" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other points of interest</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Restaurants/<br />nightlife</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/21_Club" title="21 Club">21 Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/54_Below" title="54 Below">54 Below</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alto_(restaurant)" title="Alto (restaurant)">Alto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthos_(restaurant)" title="Anthos (restaurant)">Anthos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aureole_(restaurant)" title="Aureole (restaurant)">Aureole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burger_Heaven" title="Burger Heaven">Burger Heaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Bernardin" title="Le Bernardin">Le Bernardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cafe_Chambord" title="Cafe Chambord">Cafe Chambord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campbell_Apartment" title="Campbell Apartment">Campbell Apartment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Caravelle_(New_York_City)" title="La Caravelle (New York City)">La Caravelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caviar_Russe" title="Caviar Russe">Caviar Russe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Del_Pezzo_Restaurant" title="Del Pezzo Restaurant">Del Pezzo Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen%27s_Stardust_Diner" title="Ellen's Stardust Diner">Ellen's Stardust Diner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Twenty_Five" title="Four Twenty Five">Four Twenty Five</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Kreuther" title="Gabriel Kreuther">Gabriel Kreuther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallagher%27s_Steakhouse" title="Gallagher's Steakhouse">Gallagher's Steakhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Oyster_Bar_%26_Restaurant" title="Grand Central Oyster Bar & Restaurant">Grand Central Oyster Bar & Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Grenouille_(restaurant)" title="La Grenouille (restaurant)">La Grenouille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iridium_Jazz_Club" title="Iridium Jazz Club">Iridium Jazz Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Jardinier" title="Le Jardinier">Le Jardinier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Cole_Bar" class="mw-redirect" title="King Cole Bar">King Cole Bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurumazushi" title="Kurumazushi">Kurumazushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Quarter_(nightclub)" title="Latin Quarter (nightclub)">Latin Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lespinasse_(restaurant)" title="Lespinasse (restaurant)">Lespinasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marea_(restaurant)" title="Marea (restaurant)">Marea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naro_(restaurant)" title="Naro (restaurant)">Naro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Seasons_Restaurant" title="Four Seasons Restaurant">The Pool and the Grill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oceana_(restaurant)" title="Oceana (restaurant)">Oceana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Original_Soupman" title="The Original Soupman">The Original Soupman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._J._Clarke%27s" title="P. J. Clarke's">P. J. Clarke's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patsy%27s" title="Patsy's">Patsy's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Pavillon_(Daniel_Boulud_restaurant)" title="Le Pavillon (Daniel Boulud restaurant)">Le Pavillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Burger" title="Prime Burger">Prime Burger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Quilted_Giraffe" title="The Quilted Giraffe">The Quilted Giraffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_Room" title="Rainbow Room">Rainbow Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restaurant_Aquavit" title="Restaurant Aquavit">Restaurant Aquavit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumpelmayer%27s_(New_York_City)" title="Rumpelmayer's (New York City)">Rumpelmayer's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Tea_Room" title="Russian Tea Room">Russian Tea Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardi%27s" title="Sardi's">Sardi's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satsuki_(restaurant)" title="Satsuki (restaurant)">Satsuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shun_Lee_Palace" title="Shun Lee Palace">Shun Lee Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_Deli" title="Stage Deli">Stage Deli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Campbell" class="mw-redirect" title="The Campbell">The Campbell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums/<br />cultural centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Cultural_Forum_New_York" title="Austrian Cultural Forum New York">Austrian Cultural Forum New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girl_Scout_Museum_and_Archives" title="Girl Scout Museum and Archives">Girl Scout Museum and Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Mossman_Lock_Museum" title="John M. Mossman Lock Museum">John M. Mossman Lock Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Cultural_Center_New_York" title="Korean Cultural Center New York">Korean Cultural Center New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madame_Tussauds_New_York" title="Madame Tussauds New York">Madame Tussauds New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Arts_and_Design" title="Museum of Arts and Design">Museum of Arts and Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Broadway" title="Museum of Broadway">Museum of Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="Museum of Modern Art">Museum of Modern Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Transit_Museum" title="New York Transit Museum">New York Transit Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paley_Center_for_Media#New_York" title="Paley Center for Media">Paley Center for Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Museum" title="Rose Museum">Rose Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spyscape" title="Spyscape">Spyscape</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stores</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argosy_Book_Store" title="Argosy Book Store">Argosy Book Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotham_Book_Mart" title="Gotham Book Mart">Gotham Book Mart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Clubhouses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Fine_Arts_Society" title="American Fine Arts Society">American Fine Arts Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Brook" title="The Brook">The Brook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Century_Association" title="Century Association">Century Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornell_Club_of_New_York" title="Cornell Club of New York">Cornell Club of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Club_of_New_York_City" title="Harvard Club of New York City">Harvard Club of New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Athletic_Club" title="New York Athletic Club">New York Athletic Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Bar_Association" title="New York City Bar Association">New York City Bar Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Friars_Club" title="New York Friars Club">New York Friars Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Yacht_Club" title="New York Yacht Club">New York Yacht Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penn_Club_of_New_York" title="Penn Club of New York">Penn Club of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racquet_and_Tennis_Club" title="Racquet and Tennis Club">Racquet and Tennis Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Club_of_New_York" title="University Club of New York">University Club of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_National_Republican_Club" title="Women's National Republican Club">Women's National Republican Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Yale_Club_of_New_York_City" title="The Yale Club of New York City">Yale Club of New York City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Clubhouses (former)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Princeton_Club_of_New_York" title="Princeton Club of New York">Princeton Club of New York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Green spaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abby_Aldrich_Rockefeller_Sculpture_Garden" title="Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Sculpture Garden">Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Sculpture Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Park" title="Central Park">Central Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Army_Plaza_(Manhattan)" title="Grand Army Plaza (Manhattan)">Grand Army Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenacre_Park" title="Greenacre Park">Greenacre Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paley_Park" title="Paley Park">Paley Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Educational<br />institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/53rd_Street_Library" title="53rd Street Library">53rd Street Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circle_in_the_Square_Theatre_School" title="Circle in the Square Theatre School">Circle in the Square Theatre School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CUNY_School_of_Labor_and_Urban_Studies" title="CUNY School of Labor and Urban Studies">CUNY School of Labor and Urban Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_of_Performing_Arts" title="High School of Performing Arts">High School of Performing Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy_Onassis_High_School_for_International_Careers" title="Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis High School for International Careers">Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis High School for International Careers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Thomas_Choir_School" title="Saint Thomas Choir School">Saint Thomas Choir School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_University_of_New_York_College_of_Optometry" title="State University of New York College of Optometry">SUNY College of Optometry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Art galleries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_St._Etienne" title="Galerie St. Etienne">Galerie St. Etienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehs_Galleries" title="Rehs Galleries">Rehs Galleries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Transportation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Transportation</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">Subway</a> stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue/53rd_Street_station" title="Fifth Avenue/53rd Street station">Fifth Avenue/53rd Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue%E2%80%9359th_Street_station" title="Fifth Avenue–59th Street station">Fifth Avenue–59th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Avenue_station_(IND_lines)" title="Seventh Avenue station (IND lines)">Seventh Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42nd_Street%E2%80%93Bryant_Park/Fifth_Avenue_station" title="42nd Street–Bryant Park/Fifth Avenue station">42nd Street–Bryant Park/Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42nd_Street%E2%80%93Port_Authority_Bus_Terminal_station" title="42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal station">42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/47th%E2%80%9350th_Streets%E2%80%93Rockefeller_Center_station" title="47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center station">47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/49th_Street_station_(BMT_Broadway_Line)" title="49th Street station (BMT Broadway Line)">49th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50th_Street_station_(IND_lines)" title="50th Street station (IND lines)">50th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50th_Street_station_(IRT_Broadway%E2%80%93Seventh_Avenue_Line)" title="50th Street station (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line)">50th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/57th_Street%E2%80%93Seventh_Avenue_station" title="57th Street–Seventh Avenue station">57th Street–Seventh Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/57th_Street_station_(IND_Sixth_Avenue_Line)" title="57th Street station (IND Sixth Avenue Line)">57th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/59th_Street%E2%80%93Columbus_Circle_station" title="59th Street–Columbus Circle station">59th Street–Columbus Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central%E2%80%9342nd_Street_station" title="Grand Central–42nd Street station">Grand Central–42nd Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue/51st_Street_station" title="Lexington Avenue/51st Street station">Lexington Avenue/51st Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue/59th_Street_station" title="Lexington Avenue/59th Street station">Lexington Avenue/59th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Times_Square%E2%80%9342nd_Street_station" title="Times Square–42nd Street station">Times Square–42nd Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Railroad stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Madison" title="Grand Central Madison">Grand Central Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Terminal" title="Grand Central Terminal">Grand Central Terminal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Streets and<br />intersections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Third_Avenue" title="Third Avenue">Third Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">Fifth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Avenue" title="Sixth Avenue">Sixth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6%C2%BD_Avenue" title="6½ Avenue">Six and a Half Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Seventh Avenue (Manhattan)">Seventh Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)">Eighth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="42nd Street (Manhattan)">42nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/47th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="47th Street (Manhattan)">47th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="50th Street (Manhattan)">50th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/51st_Street_(Manhattan)" title="51st Street (Manhattan)">51st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/52nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="52nd Street (Manhattan)">52nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53rd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="53rd Street (Manhattan)">53rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/54th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="54th Street (Manhattan)">54th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/55th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="55th Street (Manhattan)">55th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/57th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="57th Street (Manhattan)">57th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/59th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="59th Street (Manhattan)">59th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway (Manhattan)">Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Circle" title="Columbus Circle">Columbus Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duffy_Square" title="Duffy Square">Duffy Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Army_Plaza_(Manhattan)" title="Grand Army Plaza (Manhattan)">Grand Army Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Abbott_Way" title="George Abbott Way">George Abbott Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue" title="Lexington Avenue">Lexington Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Avenue" title="Madison Avenue">Madison Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Park Avenue Viaduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pershing_Square,_Manhattan" title="Pershing Square, Manhattan">Pershing Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shubert_Alley" title="Shubert Alley">Shubert Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Times_Square" title="Times Square">Times Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_Avenue_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanderbilt Avenue (Manhattan)">Vanderbilt Avenue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Related_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related topics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Billionaires%27_Row" title="Billionaires' Row">Billionaires' Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Brazil,_Manhattan" title="Little Brazil, Manhattan">Little Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midtown_South" title="Midtown South">Midtown South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Strip" title="Minnesota Strip">Minnesota Strip</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>See also:</i> <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Community_Board_5" title="Manhattan Community Board 5">Manhattan Community Board 5</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Structures_on_Park_Avenue_in_Manhattan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Park_Avenue" title="Template:Park Avenue"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Park_Avenue" title="Template talk:Park Avenue"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Park_Avenue" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Park Avenue"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Structures_on_Park_Avenue_in_Manhattan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Structures on <a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">Park Avenue</a> in <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Below <a href="/wiki/32nd_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="32nd Street (Manhattan)">32nd Street</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/770_Broadway" title="770 Broadway">770 Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daryl_Roth_Theatre" title="Daryl Roth Theatre">Daryl Roth Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/44_Union_Square" title="44 Union Square">44 Union Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett_Building_(Manhattan)" title="Everett Building (Manhattan)">200 South (Everett)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W_New_York_Union_Square" title="W New York Union Square">201 South (W New York)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/225_Park_Avenue_South" title="225 Park Avenue South">225 South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Missions_House" title="Church Missions House">281 South (Church Missions House)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fotografiska_New_York" title="Fotografiska New York">Fotografiska New York</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Charities_Building" title="United Charities Building">287 South (United Charities Building)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/300_Park_Avenue_South" title="300 Park Avenue South">300 South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Life_Insurance_Company_Tower" title="Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Tower">316 South (Met Life South Building)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Life_North_Building" title="Metropolitan Life North Building">324 South (Met Life North Building)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Giraffe" title="Hotel Giraffe">365 South (Hotel Giraffe)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Life_Building" title="New York Life Building">370 South (New York Life Building)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">32nd–<a href="/wiki/59th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="59th Street (Manhattan)">59th Streets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2_Park_Avenue" title="2 Park Avenue">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_Park_Avenue" title="3 Park Avenue">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Park_Avenue" title="4 Park Avenue">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robb_House_(New_York_City)" title="Robb House (New York City)">41 (Robb House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_L._T._Douglas_House" title="Adelaide L. T. Douglas House">57 (Douglas House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavia_House_%E2%80%93_The_Nordic_Center_in_America" title="Scandinavia House – The Nordic Center in America">58 (Scandinavia House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Saviour_Roman_Catholic_Church_(Manhattan)" title="Our Saviour Roman Catholic Church (Manhattan)">59 (Our Saviour Roman Catholic Church)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_League_Club" title="Union League Club">Union League Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/101_Park_Avenue" title="101 Park Avenue">101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pershing_Square_Building" title="Pershing Square Building">125 (Pershing Square Building)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/175_Park_Avenue" title="175 Park Avenue">175</a> <i>(proposed)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MetLife_Building" title="MetLife Building">200 (MetLife Building)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmsley_Building" title="Helmsley Building">230 (Helmsley Building)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/245_Park_Avenue" title="245 Park Avenue">245</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/270_Park_Avenue_(2021%E2%80%93present)" title="270 Park Avenue (2021–present)">270</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/277_Park_Avenue" title="277 Park Avenue">277</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/299_Park_Avenue" title="299 Park Avenue">299</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldorf_Astoria_New_York" title="Waldorf Astoria New York">301 (Waldorf Astoria)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Bartholomew%27s_Episcopal_Church_(Manhattan)" title="St. Bartholomew's Episcopal Church (Manhattan)">St. Bartholomew's Episcopal Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/345_Park_Avenue" title="345 Park Avenue">345</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/350_Park_Avenue" title="350 Park Avenue">350</a> <i>(proposed)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Plaza" title="Park Avenue Plaza">Park Avenue Plaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racquet_and_Tennis_Club" title="Racquet and Tennis Club">370 (Racquet and Tennis Club)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seagram_Building" title="Seagram Building">375 (Seagram Building)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lever_House" title="Lever House">390 (Lever House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/399_Park_Avenue" title="399 Park Avenue">399</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Tower" title="Park Avenue Tower">Park Avenue Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/425_Park_Avenue" title="425 Park Avenue">425</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/432_Park_Avenue" title="432 Park Avenue">432</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/450_Park_Avenue" title="450 Park Avenue">450</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritz_Tower" title="Ritz Tower">465 (Ritz Tower)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/500_Park_Avenue" title="500 Park Avenue">500</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Above 59th Street</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trump_Park_Avenue" title="Trump Park Avenue">502 (Trump Park Avenue)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/520_Park_Avenue" title="520 Park Avenue">520</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/535_Park_Avenue" title="535 Park Avenue">535</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/550_Park_Avenue" title="550 Park Avenue">550</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Presbyterian_Church_(Manhattan)" title="Central Presbyterian Church (Manhattan)">593 (Central Presbyterian Church)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/620_Park_Avenue" title="620 Park Avenue">620</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/625_Park_Avenue" title="625 Park Avenue">625</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Armory" title="Park Avenue Armory">643 (Park Avenue Armory)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/655_Park_Avenue" title="655 Park Avenue">655</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Pratt_House" title="Harold Pratt House">Harold Pratt House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Houses" title="Park Avenue Houses">Park Avenue Houses</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Percy_R._Pyne_House" title="Percy R. Pyne House">680 (Percy R. Pyne House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_D._Filley_House" title="Oliver D. Filley House">684 (Oliver D. Filley House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sloane_House" title="William Sloane House">686 (William Sloane House)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_P._Davison_House" title="Henry P. Davison House">690 (Henry P. Davison House)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/720_Park_Avenue" title="720 Park Avenue">720</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/730_Park_Avenue" title="730 Park Avenue">730</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/737_Park_Avenue" title="737 Park Avenue">737</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/740_Park_Avenue" title="740 Park Avenue">740</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/903_Park_Avenue" title="903 Park Avenue">903</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/970_Park_Avenue" title="970 Park Avenue">970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Ignatius_Loyola_(New_York_City)" title="Church of St. Ignatius Loyola (New York City)">980 (Church of St. Ignatius Loyola)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1000_Park_Avenue" title="1000 Park Avenue">1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_G._Morris_House" title="Lewis G. Morris House">Lewis G. Morris House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Christian_Church" title="Park Avenue Christian Church">1010 (Park Avenue Christian Church)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brick_Presbyterian_Church_(New_York_City)" title="Brick Presbyterian Church (New York City)">Brick Presbyterian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_F._Baker_Jr._Houses" title="George F. Baker Jr. Houses">George F. Baker Jr. Houses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transportation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">Subway stations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/18th_Street_station_(IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line)" title="18th Street station (IRT Lexington Avenue Line)">18th Street</a> (former)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/23rd_Street_station_(IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line)" title="23rd Street station (IRT Lexington Avenue Line)">23rd Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/28th_Street_station_(IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line)" title="28th Street station (IRT Lexington Avenue Line)">28th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/33rd_Street_station_(IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line)" title="33rd Street station (IRT Lexington Avenue Line)">33rd Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central%E2%80%9342nd_Street_station" title="Grand Central–42nd Street station">Grand Central–42nd Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Railroad stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Terminal" title="Grand Central Terminal">Grand Central Terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Madison" title="Grand Central Madison">Grand Central Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/59th_Street_station_(New_York_Central_Railroad)" title="59th Street station (New York Central Railroad)">59th Street</a> (unused)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/72nd_Street_station_(New_York_Central_Railroad)" title="72nd Street station (New York Central Railroad)">72nd Street</a> (former)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/86th_Street_station_(New_York_Central_Railroad)" title="86th Street station (New York Central Railroad)">86th Street</a> (former)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/110th_Street_station_(New_York_Central_Railroad)" title="110th Street station (New York Central Railroad)">110th Street</a> (former)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlem%E2%80%93125th_Street_station" title="Harlem–125th Street station">Harlem–125th Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bridges and tunnels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IRT_Lexington_Avenue_Line" title="IRT Lexington Avenue Line">Subway tunnel (14th–42nd)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Tunnel_(roadway)" title="Park Avenue Tunnel (roadway)">Road tunnel (30th–42nd)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Road viaduct (40th–46th)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_main_line" title="Park Avenue main line">Railroad tunnel and viaduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlem_River_Lift_Bridge" title="Harlem River Lift Bridge">Railroad bridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former/unbuilt</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belmont_Hotel_(New_York_City)" title="Belmont Hotel (New York City)">Belmont Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_Airlines_Terminal" title="42nd Street Airlines Terminal">42nd Street Airlines Terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Tower" title="Grand Central Tower">175 (Grand Central Tower)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Hill_Hotel_(New_York_City)" title="Murray Hill Hotel (New York City)">112 South (Murray Hill Hotel)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Marguery" title="Hotel Marguery">270 (Hotel Marguery)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/270_Park_Avenue_(1960%E2%80%932021)" title="270 Park Avenue (1960–2021)">270 (Union Carbide Building)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoffman_Auto_Showroom" title="Hoffman Auto Showroom">430 (Hoffman Auto Showroom)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Streets_of_Manhattan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Manhattan_streets" title="Template:Manhattan streets"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Manhattan_streets" title="Template talk:Manhattan streets"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Manhattan_streets" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Manhattan streets"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Streets_of_Manhattan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Streets_in_Manhattan" title="Category:Streets in Manhattan">Streets</a> of <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commissioners%27_Plan_of_1811" title="Commissioners' Plan of 1811">Commissioners' Plan of 1811</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_eponymous_streets_in_New_York_City" title="List of eponymous streets in New York City">List of eponymous streets in New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan" title="List of numbered streets in Manhattan">List of numbered streets in Manhattan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North–south</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major avenues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="First Avenue (Manhattan)">1st Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Second Avenue (Manhattan)">2nd Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Avenue" title="Third Avenue">3rd Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue" title="Lexington Avenue">Lexington Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">Park Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Avenue" title="Madison Avenue">Madison Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">5th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway (Manhattan)">Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Avenue" title="Sixth Avenue">6th Av (Av of the Americas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenox_Avenue" title="Lenox Avenue">Lenox Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Seventh Avenue (Manhattan)">7th Av (Fashion Av)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)">8th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Ninth Avenue (Manhattan)">9th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Tenth Avenue (Manhattan)">10th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Eleventh Avenue (Manhattan)">11th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Side_Highway" title="West Side Highway">12th Av</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_Manhattan" title="Financial District, Manhattan">Financial District</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Street_(Manhattan)" title="South Street (Manhattan)">South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Pearl Street (Manhattan)">Pearl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broad_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Broad Street (Manhattan)">Broad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Street_(Manhattan)" title="William Street (Manhattan)">William</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nassau_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Nassau Street (Manhattan)">Nassau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_Alley" title="Theatre Alley">Theatre Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitehall_Street" title="Whitehall Street">Whitehall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway (Manhattan)">Canyon of Heroes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Street_(Manhattan)" title="State Street (Manhattan)">State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Street" class="mw-redirect" title="West Street">West</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lower_East_Side" title="Lower East Side">Lower East Side</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Street" title="Allen Street">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_Street" title="Allen Street">Pike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baxter_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baxter Street (Manhattan)">Baxter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_Market_Place" title="Centre Market Place">Centre Market Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowery" title="Bowery">Bowery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Centre Street (Manhattan)">Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Division_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Division Street (Manhattan)">Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrystie_Street" title="Chrystie Street">Chrystie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coenties_Slip" title="Coenties Slip">Coenties Slip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldridge_Street" title="Eldridge Street">Eldridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Elizabeth Street (Manhattan)">Elizabeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex_Street" title="Essex Street">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forsyth_Street" title="Forsyth Street">Forsyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_Street" title="Lafayette Street">Lafayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doyers_Street" title="Doyers Street">Doyers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivington_Street" title="Rivington Street">Rivington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludlow_Street" title="Ludlow Street">Ludlow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mott_Street" title="Mott Street">Mott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulberry_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Mulberry Street (Manhattan)">Mulberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchard_Street" title="Orchard Street">Orchard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Row_(Manhattan)" title="Park Row (Manhattan)">Park Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Spring Street (Manhattan)">Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherry_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Cherry Street (Manhattan)">Cherry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lower_West_Side,_Manhattan" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower West Side, Manhattan">Lower West Side</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cortlandt_Alley" title="Cortlandt Alley">Cortlandt Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Street_and_Trinity_Place" title="Church Street and Trinity Place">Trinity Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Street_and_Trinity_Place" title="Church Street and Trinity Place">Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Street" title="Greenwich Street">Greenwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Hudson Street (Manhattan)">Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jones_Street" title="Jones Street">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacDougal_Street" title="MacDougal Street">MacDougal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patchin_Place" title="Patchin Place">Patchin Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sullivan_Street" title="Sullivan Street">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gay_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Gay Street (Manhattan)">Gay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompson_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Thompson Street (Manhattan)">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varick_Street" title="Varick Street">Varick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Washington Street (Manhattan)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Broadway" title="West Broadway">W Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Broadway" title="West Broadway">LaGuardia Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weehawken_Street" title="Weehawken Street">Weehawken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Side_Highway" title="West Side Highway">West Side Hwy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Bank Street (Manhattan)">Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Thirteenth Avenue (Manhattan)">13th Av</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Village,_Manhattan" title="East Village, Manhattan">East Village</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gramercy_Park" title="Gramercy Park">Gramercy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_D_(Manhattan)" title="Avenue D (Manhattan)">Ave D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_C_(Manhattan)" title="Avenue C (Manhattan)">Ave C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_B_(Manhattan)" title="Avenue B (Manhattan)">Ave B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_A_(Manhattan)" title="Avenue A (Manhattan)">Ave A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_A_(Manhattan)" title="Avenue A (Manhattan)">Asser Levy Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taras_Shevchenko_Place" title="Taras Shevchenko Place">Shevchenko Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue" title="Lexington Avenue">Irving Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">4th Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">Union Square E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue" title="Park Avenue">Park Av S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Place_(Manhattan)" title="University Place (Manhattan)">University Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Place_(Manhattan)" title="University Place (Manhattan)">Union Square W</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Midtown_Manhattan" title="Midtown Manhattan">Midtown</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beekman_Place" title="Beekman Place">Beekman Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_Avenue_and_Sutton_Place" title="York Avenue and Sutton Place">Sutton Pl</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Park Av Viaduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Tunnel_(roadway)" title="Park Avenue Tunnel (roadway)">Park Av Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanderbilt_Avenue" title="Vanderbilt Avenue">Vanderbilt Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Plaza" class="mw-redirect" title="Rockefeller Plaza">Rockefeller Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6%C2%BD_Avenue" title="6½ Avenue">6½ Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway (Manhattan)">Great White Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shubert_Alley" title="Shubert Alley">Shubert Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyer_Avenue" title="Dyer Avenue">Dyer Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Boulevard" title="Hudson Boulevard">Hudson Blvd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Upper_East_Side" title="Upper East Side">Upper East</a> / <a href="/wiki/Upper_West_Side" title="Upper West Side">Upper West</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_B_(Manhattan)" title="Avenue B (Manhattan)">East End Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_Avenue_and_Sutton_Place" title="York Avenue and Sutton Place">York Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">Museum Mile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Drive_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="East Drive (Manhattan)">East Dr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_Drive_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Center Drive (Manhattan)">Center Dr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Drive_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="West Drive (Manhattan)">West Dr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)">Central Park W</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Ninth Avenue (Manhattan)">Columbus Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Tenth Avenue (Manhattan)">Amsterdam Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Eleventh Avenue (Manhattan)">West End Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside_Drive_(Manhattan)" title="Riverside Drive (Manhattan)">Riverside Dr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Harlem" title="Harlem">Harlem</a> / <a href="/wiki/Washington_Heights,_Manhattan" title="Washington Heights, Manhattan">Wash. Hts.</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pleasant_Avenue" title="Pleasant Avenue">Pleasant Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenox_Avenue" title="Lenox Avenue">Lenox Av (Malcolm X Blvd)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Seventh Avenue (Manhattan)">Powell Blvd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" title="Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)">Douglass Blvd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morningside_Drive_(Manhattan)" title="Morningside Drive (Manhattan)">Morningside Dr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audubon_Avenue" title="Audubon Avenue">Audubon Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Nicholas_Avenue" title="St. Nicholas Avenue">St. Nicholas Av (Duarte Blvd)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claremont_Avenue" title="Claremont Avenue">Claremont Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Washington_Avenue" title="Fort Washington Avenue">Ft. Washington Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabrini_Boulevard" title="Cabrini Boulevard">Cabrini Blvd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvan_Place" title="Sylvan Place">Sylvan Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_F._Tiemann#Legacy" title="Daniel F. Tiemann">Tiemann Pl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East–west</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Financial_District,_Manhattan" title="Financial District, Manhattan">Financial District</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bridge_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Bridge Street (Manhattan)">Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Stone Street (Manhattan)">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marketfield_Street" title="Marketfield Street">Marketfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaver_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Beaver Street (Manhattan)">Beaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exchange_Place_(Manhattan)" title="Exchange Place (Manhattan)">Exchange Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wall_Street" title="Wall Street">Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albany_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Albany Street (Manhattan)">Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Liberty Street (Manhattan)">Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortlandt_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Cortlandt Street (Manhattan)">Cortlandt St/Wy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maiden_Lane_(Manhattan)" title="Maiden Lane (Manhattan)">Maiden La</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dey_Street" title="Dey Street">Dey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulton_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Fulton Street (Manhattan)">Fulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vesey_Street" title="Vesey Street">Vesey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Ann Street (Manhattan)">Ann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lower_Manhattan" title="Lower Manhattan">Downtown</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spruce_Street" title="Spruce Street">Spruce</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Street" title="Roosevelt Street">Roosevelt</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambers_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Chambers Street (Manhattan)">Chambers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Broadway_(Manhattan)" title="East Broadway (Manhattan)">E Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Henry Street (Manhattan)">Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Madison Street (Manhattan)">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherry_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Cherry Street (Manhattan)">Cherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worth_Street" title="Worth Street">Worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Moore_Street" title="North Moore Street">N Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broome_Street" title="Broome Street">Broome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canal_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Canal Street (Manhattan)">Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hester_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Hester Street (Manhattan)">Hester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Grand Street (Manhattan)">Grand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delancey_Street" title="Delancey Street">Delancey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanton_Street" title="Stanton Street">Stanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston_Street" title="Houston Street">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vandam_Street" title="Vandam Street">Vandam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleecker_Street" title="Bleecker Street">Bleecker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bond_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Bond Street (Manhattan)">Bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Jones_Street" title="Great Jones Street">Great Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="4th Street (Manhattan)">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waverly_Place" title="Waverly Place">Waverly Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waverly_Place" title="Waverly Place">Washington Square N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astor_Place" title="Astor Place">Astor Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Mews" title="Washington Mews">Washington Mews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuyvesant_Street" title="Stuyvesant Street">Stuyvesant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacDougal_Street" title="MacDougal Street">Macdougal Alley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_Street_and_St._Mark%27s_Place" title="8th Street and St. Mark's Place">8th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_Street_and_St._Mark%27s_Place" title="8th Street and St. Mark's Place">St. Mark's Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Avenue" title="Greenwich Avenue">Greenwich Av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Street" title="Christopher Street">Christopher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Street_(Manhattan)" title="Charles Street (Manhattan)">Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="14th Street (Manhattan)">14th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Midtown_Manhattan" title="Midtown Manhattan">Midtown</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/23rd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="23rd Street (Manhattan)">23rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/34th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="34th Street (Manhattan)">34th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="42nd Street (Manhattan)">42nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Abbott_Way" title="George Abbott Way">45th (George Abbott Way)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/47th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="47th Street (Manhattan)">47th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="50th Street (Manhattan)">50th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/51st_Street_(Manhattan)" title="51st Street (Manhattan)">51st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/52nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="52nd Street (Manhattan)">52nd (Swing Alley / St of Jazz)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53rd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="53rd Street (Manhattan)">53rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/54th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="54th Street (Manhattan)">54th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/55th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="55th Street (Manhattan)">55th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/57th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="57th Street (Manhattan)">57th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/59th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="59th Street (Manhattan)">59th (Central Park S)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Upper_Manhattan" title="Upper Manhattan">Uptown</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/66th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="66th Street (Manhattan)">66th / Peter Jennings Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/72nd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="72nd Street (Manhattan)">72nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/74th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="74th Street (Manhattan)">74th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/79th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="79th Street (Manhattan)">79th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/85th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="85th Street (Manhattan)">85th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/86th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="86th Street (Manhattan)">86th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/89th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="89th Street (Manhattan)">89th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/93rd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="93rd Street (Manhattan)">93rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/95th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="95th Street (Manhattan)">95th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/96th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="96th Street (Manhattan)">96th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/110th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="110th Street (Manhattan)">110th (Cathedral Pkwy / Central Park N)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/116th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="116th Street (Manhattan)">116th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/125th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="125th Street (Manhattan)">125th (Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astor_Row" title="Astor Row">130th (Astor Row)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/132nd_Street_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="132nd Street (Manhattan)">132nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/133rd_Street_(Manhattan)" title="133rd Street (Manhattan)">133rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Nicholas_Historic_District" title="St. Nicholas Historic District">139th (Strivers' Row)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/145th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="145th Street (Manhattan)">145th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/155th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="155th Street (Manhattan)">155th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogardus_Place" title="Bogardus Place">Bogardus Pl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyckman_Street" title="Dyckman Street">Dyckman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaza_Lafayette" title="Plaza Lafayette">Plaza Lafayette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Intersections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Circles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Circle" title="Columbus Circle">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Ellington_Circle" title="Duke Ellington Circle">Duke Ellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Douglass_Circle" title="Frederick Douglass Circle">Frederick Douglass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Squares</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chatham_Square" title="Chatham Square">Chatham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooper_Square" title="Cooper Square">Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duarte_Square" title="Duarte Square">Duarte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duffy_Square" title="Duffy Square">Duffy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foley_Square" title="Foley Square">Foley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gramercy_Park" title="Gramercy Park">Gramercy Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Army_Plaza_(Manhattan)" title="Grand Army Plaza (Manhattan)">Grand Army Plz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanover_Square_(Manhattan)" title="Hanover Square (Manhattan)">Hanover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herald_Square" title="Herald Square">Herald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_Park" title="St. John's Park">Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Square_Park" title="Jackson Square Park">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Square,_Manhattan" title="Lincoln Square, Manhattan">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Square_and_Madison_Square_Park" title="Madison Square and Madison Square Park">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulry_Square" title="Mulry Square">Mulry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pershing_Square,_Manhattan" title="Pershing Square, Manhattan">Pershing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrosino_Square" title="Petrosino Square">Petrosino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman_Square" title="Sherman Square">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuyvesant_Square" title="Stuyvesant Square">Stuyvesant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Times_Square" title="Times Square">Times</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tompkins_Square_Park" title="Tompkins Square Park">Tompkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Square,_Manhattan" title="Union Square, Manhattan">Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verdi_Square" title="Verdi Square">Verdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Square_Park" title="Washington Square Park">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuccotti_Park" title="Zuccotti Park">Zuccotti Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> indicate streets no longer in existence.</li> <li>All entries are streets, circles, or squares unless otherwise noted</li> <li><i>See also:</i> <a href="/wiki/Manhattan_address_algorithm" title="Manhattan address algorithm">Manhattan address algorithm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Grand_Central_Terminal" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Grand_Central_Terminal" title="Template:Grand Central Terminal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Grand_Central_Terminal" title="Template talk:Grand Central Terminal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Grand_Central_Terminal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Grand Central Terminal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Grand_Central_Terminal" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Terminal" title="Grand Central Terminal">Grand Central Terminal</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Interior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agern" title="Agern">Agern</a> (closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campbell_Apartment" title="Campbell Apartment">Campbell Apartment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBS_Broadcast_Center" title="CBS Broadcast Center">CBS Broadcast Center</a> (closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M42_(sub-basement)" title="M42 (sub-basement)">M42 sub-basement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Concourse" title="Main Concourse">Main Concourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Jordan%27s_Steak_House" title="Michael Jordan's Steak House">Michael Jordan's Steak House</a> (closed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Transit_Museum" title="New York Transit Museum">New York Transit Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Oyster_Bar_%26_Restaurant" title="Grand Central Oyster Bar & Restaurant">Oyster Bar and Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Track_61_(New_York_City)" title="Track 61 (New York City)">Track 61</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Image-Grand_central_Station_Outside_Night_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Exterior of the terminal building" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Image-Grand_central_Station_Outside_Night_2.jpg/140px-Image-Grand_central_Station_Outside_Night_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Image-Grand_central_Station_Outside_Night_2.jpg/210px-Image-Grand_central_Station_Outside_Night_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Image-Grand_central_Station_Outside_Night_2.jpg/280px-Image-Grand_central_Station_Outside_Night_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4726" data-file-height="3805" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GCT_in_Blizzard_of_2015.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Main Concourse, facing east" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/GCT_in_Blizzard_of_2015.jpg/140px-GCT_in_Blizzard_of_2015.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/GCT_in_Blizzard_of_2015.jpg/210px-GCT_in_Blizzard_of_2015.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/GCT_in_Blizzard_of_2015.jpg/280px-GCT_in_Blizzard_of_2015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1854" data-file-height="1261" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Connections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Madison" title="Grand Central Madison">LIRR terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central%E2%80%9342nd_Street_station" title="Grand Central–42nd Street station">Subway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_station_(IRT_42nd_Street_Branch)" title="Grand Central station (IRT 42nd Street Branch)">Elevated station</a> (former)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Terminal_art" title="Grand Central Terminal art">Art</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Art_Galleries" title="Grand Central Art Galleries">Art Galleries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_School_of_Art" title="Grand Central School of Art">School of Art</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Terminal_City_(Manhattan)" title="Terminal City (Manhattan)">Terminal City</a><br />and other nearby<br />buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/110_East_42nd_Street" title="110 East 42nd Street">110 East 42nd Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/270_Park_Avenue_(1960%E2%80%932021)" title="270 Park Avenue (1960–2021)">270 Park Avenue (1960–2021)</a> (former)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/270_Park_Avenue_(2021%E2%80%93present)" title="270 Park Avenue (2021–present)">270 Park Avenue (2021–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/277_Park_Avenue" title="277 Park Avenue">277 Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/383_Madison_Avenue" title="383 Madison Avenue">383 Madison Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/450_Lexington_Avenue" title="450 Lexington Avenue">450 Lexington Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chanin_Building" title="Chanin Building">Chanin Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Building" title="Chrysler Building">Chrysler Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Palace" title="Grand Central Palace">Grand Central Palace</a> (former)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graybar_Building" title="Graybar Building">Graybar Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmsley_Building" title="Helmsley Building">Helmsley Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_Marguery" title="Hotel Marguery">Hotel Marguery</a> (former)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyatt_Grand_Central_New_York" title="Hyatt Grand Central New York">Hyatt Grand Central New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InterContinental_New_York_Barclay_Hotel" title="InterContinental New York Barclay Hotel">InterContinental New York Barclay Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MetLife_Building" title="MetLife Building">MetLife Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Biltmore_Hotel" title="New York Biltmore Hotel">New York Biltmore Hotel</a> (former)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Grand_Central_Place" title="One Grand Central Place">One Grand Central Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Vanderbilt" title="One Vanderbilt">One Vanderbilt</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Park Avenue Viaduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pershing_Square,_Manhattan" title="Pershing Square, Manhattan">Pershing Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pershing_Square_Building" title="Pershing Square Building">Pershing Square Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Hotel_(Manhattan)" title="Roosevelt Hotel (Manhattan)">Roosevelt Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socony%E2%80%93Mobil_Building" title="Socony–Mobil Building">Socony–Mobil Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldorf_Astoria_New_York" title="Waldorf Astoria New York">Waldorf Astoria New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Yale_Club_of_New_York_City" title="The Yale Club of New York City">The Yale Club of New York City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Grand_Central_Terminal" title="History of Grand Central Terminal">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Grand_Central_Terminal" title="Timeline of Grand Central Terminal">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Side_Access" title="East Side Access">East Side Access</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Penn_Central_Transportation_Co._v._New_York_City" title="Penn Central Transportation Co. v. New York City">Penn Central Transportation Co. v. New York City</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated<br />entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argent_Ventures" title="Argent Ventures">Argent Ventures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Partnership" title="Grand Central Partnership">Grand Central Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metro-North_Railroad" title="Metro-North Railroad">Metro-North Railroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="Long Island Rail Road">Long Island Rail Road</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Central_Railroad" title="New York Central Railroad">New York Central Railroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York,_New_Haven_and_Hartford_Railroad" title="New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad">New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Wilgus" title="William J. Wilgus">William J. Wilgus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Vanderbilt" title="Cornelius Vanderbilt">Cornelius Vanderbilt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_T._Fellheimer" title="Alfred T. Fellheimer">Alfred T. Fellheimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradford_Gilbert" title="Bradford Gilbert">Bradford Gilbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Snook" title="John B. Snook">John B. Snook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reed_and_Stem" title="Reed and Stem">Reed and Stem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_and_Wetmore" title="Warren and Wetmore">Warren and Wetmore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related<br />topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kodak_Colorama" title="Kodak Colorama">Colorama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Terminal_in_popular_culture" title="Grand Central Terminal in popular culture">Grand Central Terminal in popular culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Tower" title="Grand Central Tower">Grand Central Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tournament_of_Champions_(squash)" title="Tournament of Champions (squash)">Tournament of Champions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bridges_and_tunnels_in_New_York_City" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bridges_and_tunnels_in_New_York_City" title="Template:Bridges and tunnels in New York City"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bridges_and_tunnels_in_New_York_City" title="Template talk:Bridges and tunnels in New York City"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bridges_and_tunnels_in_New_York_City" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bridges and tunnels in New York City"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bridges_and_tunnels_in_New_York_City" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_and_tunnels_in_New_York_City" title="List of bridges and tunnels in New York City">Bridges and tunnels</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vehicular</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bridges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton_Bridge" title="Alexander Hamilton Bridge">Alexander Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayonne_Bridge" title="Bayonne Bridge">Bayonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_Bridge_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway Bridge (Manhattan)">Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Bridge" title="Brooklyn Bridge">Brooklyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronx%E2%80%93Whitestone_Bridge" title="Bronx–Whitestone Bridge">Bronx–Whitestone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carroll_Street_Bridge" title="Carroll Street Bridge">Carroll Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Island_Bridge" title="City Island Bridge">City Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_Bay_Veterans_Memorial_Bridge" title="Cross Bay Veterans Memorial Bridge">Cross Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Street_Bridge" title="Grand Street Bridge">Grand Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Bridge" title="George Washington Bridge">George Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goethals_Bridge" title="Goethals Bridge">Goethals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goethals_Bridge_(1928%E2%80%932017)" title="Goethals Bridge (1928–2017)">1928–2017</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenpoint_Avenue_Bridge" title="Greenpoint Avenue Bridge">Greenpoint Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Hudson_Bridge" title="Henry Hudson Bridge">Henry Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_P._Addabbo_Memorial_Bridge" title="Joseph P. Addabbo Memorial Bridge">Joseph P. Addabbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosciuszko_Bridge" title="Kosciuszko Bridge">Kosciuszko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macombs_Dam_Bridge" title="Macombs Dam Bridge">Macombs Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_Avenue_Bridge" title="Madison Avenue Bridge">Madison Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Bridge" title="Manhattan Bridge">Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mill_Basin_Bridge" title="Mill Basin Bridge">Mill Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Parkway%E2%80%93Gil_Hodges_Memorial_Bridge" title="Marine Parkway–Gil Hodges Memorial Bridge">Marine Parkway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outerbridge_Crossing" title="Outerbridge Crossing">Outerbridge</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Park Avenue Viaduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelham_Bridge" title="Pelham Bridge">Pelham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulaski_Bridge" title="Pulaski Bridge">Pulaski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queensboro_Bridge" title="Queensboro Bridge">Queensboro (Ed Koch)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rikers_Island_Bridge" title="Rikers Island Bridge">Rikers Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Bridge" title="Robert F. Kennedy Bridge">Robert F. Kennedy (Triborough)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Island_Bridge" title="Roosevelt Island Bridge">Roosevelt Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Avenue_Bridge_(New_York_City)" title="Third Avenue Bridge (New York City)">Third Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throgs_Neck_Bridge" title="Throgs Neck Bridge">Throgs Neck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Street_Bridge" title="Union Street Bridge">Union Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Heights_Bridge" title="University Heights Bridge">University Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verrazzano-Narrows_Bridge" title="Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge">Verrazzano-Narrows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Bridge_(Harlem_River)" title="Washington Bridge (Harlem River)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williamsburg_Bridge" title="Williamsburg Bridge">Williamsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willis_Avenue_Bridge" title="Willis Avenue Bridge">Willis Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/145th_Street_Bridge" title="145th Street Bridge">145th Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tunnels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battery_Park_Underpass" title="Battery Park Underpass">Battery Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holland_Tunnel" title="Holland Tunnel">Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn%E2%80%93Battery_Tunnel" title="Brooklyn–Battery Tunnel">Brooklyn–Battery (Hugh L. Carey)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Tunnel" title="Lincoln Tunnel">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queens%E2%80%93Midtown_Tunnel" title="Queens–Midtown Tunnel">Queens–Midtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_Tunnel_(roadway)" title="Park Avenue Tunnel (roadway)">Park Avenue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pedestrian only</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Bridges" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bridges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bow_Bridge_(Central_Park)" title="Bow Bridge (Central Park)">Bow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Bridge_(New_York_City)" title="High Bridge (New York City)">High</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook_Creek_Bridge" title="Hook Creek Bridge">Hook Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squibb_Park_Bridge" title="Squibb Park Bridge">Squibb Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wards_Island_Bridge" title="Wards Island Bridge">Wards Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Street_pedestrian_bridges" title="West Street pedestrian bridges">West Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Railroad<br />and subway</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bridges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Kill_Vertical_Lift_Bridge" title="Arthur Kill Vertical Lift Bridge">Arthur Kill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadway_Bridge_(Manhattan)" title="Broadway Bridge (Manhattan)">Broadway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlem_River_Lift_Bridge" title="Harlem River Lift Bridge">Harlem River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hell_Gate_Bridge" title="Hell Gate Bridge">Hell Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Bridge" title="Manhattan Bridge">Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelham_Bay_Bridge" title="Pelham Bay Bridge">Pelham Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Channel_Bridge_(NYC_Subway)" class="mw-redirect" title="South Channel Bridge (NYC Subway)">South Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spuyten_Duyvil_Bridge" title="Spuyten Duyvil Bridge">Spuyten Duyvil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williamsburg_Bridge" title="Williamsburg Bridge">Williamsburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tunnels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/14th_Street_Tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="14th Street Tunnel">14th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53rd_Street_Tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="53rd Street Tunnel">53rd Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/60th_Street_Tunnel" title="60th Street Tunnel">60th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/63rd_Street_Tunnel" title="63rd Street Tunnel">63rd Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/149th_Street_Tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="149th Street Tunnel">149th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clark_Street_Tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Clark Street Tunnel">Clark Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concourse_Tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Concourse Tunnel">Concourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cranberry_Street_Tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Cranberry Street Tunnel">Cranberry Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Hudson_Tubes" title="Downtown Hudson Tubes">Downtown Hudson Tubes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_River_Tunnels" title="East River Tunnels">East River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Tunnel" title="Freedom Tunnel">Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joralemon_Street_Tunnel" title="Joralemon Street Tunnel">Joralemon Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexington_Avenue_Tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Lexington Avenue Tunnel">Lexington Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montague_Street_Tunnel" title="Montague Street Tunnel">Montague Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_River_Tunnels" title="North River Tunnels">North River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Avenue_main_line" title="Park Avenue main line">Park Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutgers_Street_Tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Rutgers Street Tunnel">Rutgers Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steinway_Tunnel" title="Steinway Tunnel">Steinway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uptown_Hudson_Tubes" title="Uptown Hudson Tubes">Uptown Hudson Tubes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Department_of_Transportation" title="New York City Department of Transportation">NYC Department of Transportation (NYCDOT)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Department_of_Transportation" title="New York State Department of Transportation">NYS Department of Transportation (NYSDOT)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Bridges_and_Tunnels" title="MTA Bridges and Tunnels">MTA Bridges and Tunnels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">MTA New York City Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Authority_of_New_York_and_New_Jersey" title="Port Authority of New York and New Jersey">Port Authority</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PATH_(rail_system)" title="PATH (rail system)">PATH Train</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="U.S._National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York" title="Template:National Register of Historic Places in New York"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:black">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York" title="Template talk:National Register of Historic Places in New York"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:black">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Register of Historic Places in New York"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:black">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="U.S._National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">U.S. National Register of Historic Places</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contributing_property" title="Contributing property">Contributing property</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keeper_of_the_Register" title="Keeper of the Register">Keeper of the Register</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_districts_in_the_United_States" title="Historic districts in the United States">Historic district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="History of the National Register of Historic Places">History of the National Register of Historic Places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_property_types" title="National Register of Historic Places property types">Property types</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg/50px-Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg/75px-Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg/100px-Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="720" /></span></span><br /><br /><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_USA_NY.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Map_of_USA_NY.svg/100px-Map_of_USA_NY.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Map_of_USA_NY.svg/151px-Map_of_USA_NY.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Map_of_USA_NY.svg/200px-Map_of_USA_NY.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="186" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black">Lists<br />by county</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Albany_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Albany County, New York">Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Allegany_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Allegany County, New York">Allegany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_the_Bronx" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in the Bronx">Bronx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Broome_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Broome County, New York">Broome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cattaraugus_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cattaraugus County, New York">Cattaraugus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cayuga_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cayuga County, New York">Cayuga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Chautauqua_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Chautauqua County, New York">Chautauqua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Chemung_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Chemung County, New York">Chemung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Chenango_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Chenango County, New York">Chenango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Clinton_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Clinton County, New York">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Columbia_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Columbia County, New York">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cortland_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cortland County, New York">Cortland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Delaware_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Delaware County, New York">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Dutchess_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Dutchess County, New York">Dutchess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Erie_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Erie County, New York">Erie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Essex_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Essex County, New York">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Franklin_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Franklin County, New York">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Fulton_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Fulton County, New York">Fulton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Genesee_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Genesee County, New York">Genesee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Greene_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Greene County, New York">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Hamilton_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Hamilton County, New York">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Herkimer_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Herkimer County, New York">Herkimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Jefferson_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Jefferson County, New York">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Brooklyn" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Brooklyn">Kings (Brooklyn)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Lewis_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Lewis County, New York">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Livingston_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Livingston County, New York">Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Madison_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Madison County, New York">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Monroe_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Monroe County, New York">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Montgomery_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Montgomery County, New York">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Nassau_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Nassau County, New York">Nassau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan">New York (Manhattan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Niagara_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Niagara County, New York">Niagara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Oneida_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Oneida County, New York">Oneida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Onondaga_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Onondaga County, New York">Onondaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Ontario_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Ontario County, New York">Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Orange_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Orange County, New York">Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Orleans_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Orleans County, New York">Orleans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Oswego_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Oswego County, New York">Oswego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Otsego_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Otsego County, New York">Otsego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Putnam_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Putnam County, New York">Putnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Queens,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Queens, New York">Queens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Rensselaer_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Rensselaer County, New York">Rensselaer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Staten_Island" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Staten Island">Richmond (Staten Island)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Rockland_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Rockland County, New York">Rockland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Saratoga_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Saratoga County, New York">Saratoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Schenectady_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Schenectady County, New York">Schenectady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Schoharie_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Schoharie County, New York">Schoharie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Schuyler_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Schuyler County, New York">Schuyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Seneca_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Seneca County, New York">Seneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_St._Lawrence_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Lawrence County, New York">St. Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Steuben_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Steuben County, New York">Steuben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Suffolk_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Suffolk County, New York">Suffolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Sullivan_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Sullivan County, New York">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Tioga_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Tioga County, New York">Tioga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Tompkins_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Tompkins County, New York">Tompkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Ulster_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Ulster County, New York">Ulster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Warren_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Warren County, New York">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Washington_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Washington County, New York">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Wayne_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Wayne County, New York">Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Westchester_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Westchester County, New York">Westchester</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_northern_Westchester_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in northern Westchester County, New York">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_southern_Westchester_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in southern Westchester County, New York">Southern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Wyoming_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Wyoming County, New York">Wyoming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Yates_County,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Yates County, New York">Yates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black">Lists<br />by city</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Albany,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Albany, New York">Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Buffalo,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Buffalo, New York">Buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_New_Rochelle,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in New Rochelle, New York">New Rochelle</a></li> <li>New York City <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_the_Bronx" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in the Bronx">Bronx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Brooklyn" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Queens,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Queens, New York">Queens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Staten_Island" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Staten Island">Staten Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan">Manhattan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_below_14th_Street" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan below 14th Street">Below 14th St.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_from_14th_to_59th_Streets" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan from 14th to 59th Streets">14th–59th St.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_from_59th_to_110th_Streets" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan from 59th to 110th Streets">59th–110th St.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_above_110th_Street" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan above 110th Street">Above 110th St.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Manhattan_on_islands" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan on islands">Minor islands</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Niagara_Falls,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Niagara Falls, New York">Niagara Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Peekskill,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Peekskill, New York">Peekskill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Poughkeepsie,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Poughkeepsie, New York"> Poughkeepsie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Rhinebeck,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Rhinebeck, New York">Rhinebeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Rochester,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Rochester, New York">Rochester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Syracuse,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Syracuse, New York">Syracuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Yonkers,_New_York" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Yonkers, New York">Yonkers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black">Other lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_and_tunnels_on_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York" title="List of bridges and tunnels on the National Register of Historic Places in New York">Bridges and tunnels</a></li> <li>National Historic Landmarks <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_New_York_City" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in New York City">New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_New_York" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in New York">Outside New York City</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black; font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_New_York_(state)" title="Category:National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" 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