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Antikoagulansi – Wikipedija
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id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Podjela_antikoagulansa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Podjela_antikoagulansa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Podjela antikoagulansa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Podjela_antikoagulansa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Upotreba_antikoagulantnih_spojeva_kao_lijekova" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Upotreba_antikoagulantnih_spojeva_kao_lijekova"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Upotreba antikoagulantnih spojeva kao lijekova</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Upotreba_antikoagulantnih_spojeva_kao_lijekova-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaz sadržaja stranice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaz sadržaja stranice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Antikoagulansi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupan je na 47 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AB%D8%B1" title="مضاد تخثر – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مضاد تخثر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Антикоагулант – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Антикоагулант" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikoagulans" title="Antikoagulans – bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Antikoagulans" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticoagulant" title="Anticoagulant – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Anticoagulant" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikoagulans" title="Antikoagulans – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Antikoagulans" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikoagulans" title="Antikoagulans – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Antikoagulans" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%80%CE%B7%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CF%86%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%BF" title="Αντιπηκτικό φάρμακο – grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αντιπηκτικό φάρμακο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticoagulant" title="Anticoagulant – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Anticoagulant" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikoagulanto" title="Antikoagulanto – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Antikoagulanto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticoagulante" title="Anticoagulante – španjolski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Anticoagulante" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španjolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikoagulant" title="Antikoagulant – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Antikoagulant" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikoagulatzaile" title="Antikoagulatzaile – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Antikoagulatzaile" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B6%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="ضدانعقاد – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ضدانعقاد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikoagulantit" title="Antikoagulantit – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Antikoagulantit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticoagulant" title="Anticoagulant – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Anticoagulant" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antaith%C3%A9achtach" title="Antaithéachtach – irski" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Antaithéachtach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F" title="एंटीकौयगुलांट – hindski" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एंटीकौयगुलांट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%B9%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Հակամակարդիչներ – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հակամակարդիչներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikoagulan" title="Antikoagulan – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Antikoagulan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticoagulante" title="Anticoagulante – talijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Anticoagulante" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="talijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E5%87%9D%E5%9B%BA%E8%96%AC" title="抗凝固薬 – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="抗凝固薬" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Антикоагулянттар – kazaški" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Антикоагулянттар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%AD%EC%9D%91%EA%B3%A0%EC%A0%9C" title="항응고제 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="항응고제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Антикоагулянттар – kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Антикоагулянттар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antitrombotikai" title="Antitrombotikai – litavski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Antitrombotikai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litavski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikoagulants" title="Antikoagulants – latvijski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Antikoagulants" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Антикоагуланс – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Антикоагуланс" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikoagulatschoon" title="Antikoagulatschoon – donjonjemački" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Antikoagulatschoon" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="donjonjemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticoagulantia" title="Anticoagulantia – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Anticoagulantia" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikoagulant" title="Antikoagulant – norveški nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Antikoagulant" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveški nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leki_przeciwzakrzepowe" title="Leki przeciwzakrzepowe – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Leki przeciwzakrzepowe" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticoagulante" title="Anticoagulante – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Anticoagulante" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticoagulant" title="Anticoagulant – rumunjski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Anticoagulant" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Антикоагулянты – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Антикоагулянты" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikoagulans" title="Antikoagulans – srpsko-hrvatski" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Antikoagulans" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srpsko-hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticoagulant" title="Anticoagulant – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Anticoagulant" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikoagulans" title="Antikoagulans – slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Antikoagulans" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikoagulant" title="Antikoagulant – slovenski" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Antikoagulant" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Антикоагуланс – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Антикоагуланс" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikoagulantia" title="Antikoagulantia – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Antikoagulantia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1" title="สารกันเลือดเป็นลิ่ม – tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สารกันเลือดเป็นลิ่ม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antikoag%C3%BClan" title="Antikoagülan – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Antikoagülan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Izgled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Izgled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Izvor: Wikipedija</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="hr" dir="ltr"><p><b>Antikoagulansi</b> su sredstva koja sprječavaju zgrušavanje <a href="/wiki/Krv" title="Krv">krvi</a>. Zgrušavanje krvi je proces koji se zbiva kada krv dođe u dodir sa stranom površinom. Za zgrušavanje krvi potreban je čitav niz faktora koji se nalaze u <a href="/wiki/Krvna_plazma" title="Krvna plazma">plazmi</a> i nazivaju se faktori zgrušavanja. Uklanjanjem samo jednog od njih do zgrušavanja neće doći. Jedini od faktora zgrušavanja koji nije <a href="/wiki/Protein" class="mw-redirect" title="Protein">protein</a> je <a href="/wiki/Ion" title="Ion">ionizirani</a> <a href="/wiki/Kalcij" title="Kalcij">kalcij</a>. Vezivanjem kalcija ili njegovim prevođenjem u neionizirani oblik prekinut će se proces zgrušavanja. Također, inaktiviranjem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trombin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trombin (stranica ne postoji)">trombina</a>, koji je jedan od faktora zgrušavanja, prekinut će se proces zgrušavanja. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Podjela_antikoagulansa">Podjela antikoagulansa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antikoagulansi&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak: Podjela antikoagulansa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antikoagulansi&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Podjela antikoagulansa"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Antikoagulansi se mogu podijeliti na više načina, a jedan od njih je prema djelovanju. Pa s obzirom na djelovanje razlikujemo: </p> <ul><li>Antikoagulansi koji prevode <a href="/wiki/Kalcij" title="Kalcij">kalcij</a> u neionizirani oblik ili ga vežu. To su <a href="/wiki/Sol" class="mw-redirect" title="Sol">soli</a>: trinatrijev <a href="/wiki/Citrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrat">citrat</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oksalat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oksalat (stranica ne postoji)">oksalati</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluorid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fluorid (stranica ne postoji)">fluorid</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=EDTA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EDTA (stranica ne postoji)">EDTA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalij" title="Kalij">kalijeva</a> i <a href="/wiki/Natrij" title="Natrij">natrijeva</a> sol.</li> <li>Aktikoagulans koji inaktivira trombin, a to je <a href="/wiki/Heparin" title="Heparin">heparin</a>.</li></ul> <p>Antikoagulansi se mogu podijeliti i prema načinu korištenja, i to na: </p> <ul><li><b>Tekući</b> antikoagulansi su oni koji razrijeđuju uzorak i to su npr. ACD (acid-citrat-dekstroza) koji se koristi u <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transfuziologija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transfuziologija (stranica ne postoji)">transfuziologiji</a> i to u količini od 28,6 mL za 100 mL <a href="/wiki/Krv" title="Krv">krvi</a>. U <a href="/wiki/Laboratorij" title="Laboratorij">laboratorijskoj</a> <a href="/wiki/Hematologija" title="Hematologija">hematologiji</a> najčešće korišteni tekući antikoagulans je trinatrijev citrat.</li> <li><b>Kruti</b> antikoagulansi su takvi koji ne razrjeđuju uzorak. Ovamo ubrajamo smjesu oksalata (tri dijela <a href="/wiki/Amonijak" title="Amonijak">amonijevog</a> oksalata i jedan dio <a href="/wiki/Kalij" title="Kalij">kalijevog</a> oksalata). Koristi se u količini 2,0 mg za 1 mL krvi. Jedan od krutih antikoagulansa je heparin, on se koristi u količini 0,1 do 0,2 mg za 1 mL krvi. Heparin je prikladan za kvantitativne pretrage.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Upotreba_antikoagulantnih_spojeva_kao_lijekova">Upotreba antikoagulantnih spojeva kao lijekova</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antikoagulansi&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak: Upotreba antikoagulantnih spojeva kao lijekova" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antikoagulansi&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Upotreba antikoagulantnih spojeva kao lijekova"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Antikoagulantni lijekovi se koriste u medicini za liječenje stanja u kojemu je došlo do nastanka ugruška krvi (tromba) u <a href="/wiki/Krvna_%C5%BEila" title="Krvna žila">krvnim žilama</a> ili za sprečavanje nastanka ugrušaka krvi u krvnim žilama u stanjima i bolestima u kojima je povećan rizik za nastanak ugruška krvi. </p><p>Neke od primjera bolest u kojemu je nastao ugrušak krvi koji se antikoagulatnim lijekovima pokušava razgraditi su venska tromboza dubokih <a href="/wiki/Vena" title="Vena">vena</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plu%C4%87na_embolija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plućna embolija (stranica ne postoji)">plućna embolija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sr%C4%8Dani_udar" class="mw-redirect" title="Srčani udar">srčani udar</a> i ishemijski <a href="/wiki/Mo%C5%BEdani_udar" title="Moždani udar">moždani udar</a>. </p><p>Primjer bolesti u kojoj se pokušava antikoagulatnim lijekovima spriječiti nastanak ugrušak krvi je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fibrilacija_atrija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fibrilacija atrija (stranica ne postoji)">fibrilacija atrija</a> srca, dok se antikoagulantni lijekovi u istu svrhu koriste prije i nakon operativnog liječenja. </p><p>U medicine se koriste: </p> <ul><li>derivati <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumarin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kumarin (stranica ne postoji)">kumarina</a> (npr. varfarin, fenprokumon) - antagonisti <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_K" title="Vitamin K">vitamina K</a> (VKA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heparin" title="Heparin">heparin</a> i derivati heparina (niskomolekularni heparin)</li> <li>sintetski pentasaharid, inhibitor faktora X (fondaparinuks)</li> <li>izravno djelujući oralni antikoagulanti lijekovi - uvedeni u liječenje nakon 2008., a često se u koristi skupni naziv tj. kratica NOAK (novi oralni antikoagulantni lijekovi ili ne-vitamin K antagonisti oralni antikoagulanti). Prema mehanizmu djelovanja mogu se podijeliti na: <ul><li>izravni inhibitori faktora Xa (rivaroksaban, apiksaban, edoksaban)</li> <li>izravni inhibitori trombina (dabigatran)</li></ul></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div id="spoiler" style="border-top: 2px solid #DDDDDD; border-bottom: 2px solid #DDDDDD; background-color:white; padding:1px 0px 2px 3px; margin: 10px 0px 10px 0px; font-size:90%; text-align:left; padding-left:3px;"><table style="margin: 0 auto;"><tbody><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Esculaap4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Esculaap4.svg/24px-Esculaap4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Esculaap4.svg/36px-Esculaap4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Esculaap4.svg/48px-Esculaap4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="300" /></a></span>    </td><td><span style="white-space:nowrap">Molimo pročitajte <a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Wikipedija_ne_daje_medicinske_savjete" title="Wikipedija:Wikipedija ne daje medicinske savjete"><i><b>upozorenje o korištenju medicinskih informacija</b></i></a>.</span><br />Ne provodite liječenje bez savjetovanja s liječnikom!</td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐xdsfl Cached time: 20241123120256 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.013 seconds Real time usage: 0.020 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 38/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 741/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 131/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 4/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 0/5000000 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 5.436 1 -total 100.00% 5.436 1 Predložak:Upozorenje-medicina 47.75% 2.596 1 Predložak:Nowrap --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key hrwiki:pcache:idhash:458062-0!canonical and timestamp 20241123120256 and revision id 6276956. 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