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<button aria-controls="toc-Varieties-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Varieties subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Varieties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Possible_non-hybrids" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Possible_non-hybrids"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Possible non-hybrids</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Possible_non-hybrids-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hybrids" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hybrids"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Hybrids</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hybrids-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" 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Available in 26 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-26" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">26 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7" title="برتقال ساتسوما – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="برتقال ساتسوما" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Сацума – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сацума" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_unshiu" title="Citrus unshiu – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Citrus unshiu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%83_(%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD)" title="Уншиу (мандарин) – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Уншиу (мандарин)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satsuma_(Frucht)" title="Satsuma (Frucht) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Satsuma (Frucht)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_unshiu" title="Citrus unshiu – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Citrus unshiu" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikano" title="Mikano – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mikano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarine_satsuma" title="Mandarine satsuma – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mandarine satsuma" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A8%EC%A3%BC%EA%B7%A4" title="온주귤 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="온주귤" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_%C3%97_unshiu" title="Citrus × unshiu – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Citrus × unshiu" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="حمضيات – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="حمضيات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88" title="اونشو – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اونشو" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satsuma_(vrucht)" title="Satsuma (vrucht) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Satsuma (vrucht)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%82%A6%E3%83%9F%E3%82%AB%E3%83%B3" title="ウンシュウミカン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウンシュウミカン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satsuma" title="Satsuma – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Satsuma" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandarynka_Satsuma" title="Mandarynka Satsuma – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mandarynka Satsuma" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikan" title="Mikan – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mikan" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikan" title="Mikan – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mikan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%83" title="Мандарин уншиу – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мандарин уншиу" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satsuma" title="Satsuma – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Satsuma" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liin_Beydarin" title="Liin Beydarin – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Liin Beydarin" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satsuma_(frukt)" title="Satsuma (frukt) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Satsuma (frukt)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satsuma" title="Satsuma – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Satsuma" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A3%D0%BD%D1%88%D1%96%D1%83" title="Мандарин Уншіу – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мандарин Уншіу" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satsuma" title="Satsuma – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Satsuma" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%B7%9E%E8%9C%9C%E6%9F%91" title="温州蜜柑 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="温州蜜柑" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q875262#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satsuma_(fruit)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Satsuma (fruit)">Satsuma (fruit)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Citrus fruit and plant</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Naartjie" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Naartjie_(clothing_retailer)" title="Naartjie (clothing retailer)">Naartjie (clothing retailer)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Mikan" redirects here. For the basketball player, see <a href="/wiki/George_Mikan" title="George Mikan">George Mikan</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Mikan_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Mikan (disambiguation)">Mikan (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><i>Citrus unshiu</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Citrus_unshiu_20101127_c.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Citrus_unshiu_20101127_c.jpg/220px-Citrus_unshiu_20101127_c.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Citrus_unshiu_20101127_c.jpg/330px-Citrus_unshiu_20101127_c.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Citrus_unshiu_20101127_c.jpg/440px-Citrus_unshiu_20101127_c.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Citrus" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">Eudicots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rosids" title="Rosids">Rosids</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sapindales" title="Sapindales">Sapindales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rutaceae" title="Rutaceae">Rutaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Citrus" title="Citrus"><i>Citrus</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>C. unshiu</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Citrus unshiu</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">(Yu.Tanaka ex <a href="/wiki/Walter_Tennyson_Swingle" title="Walter Tennyson Swingle">Swingle</a>) Marcow.</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><i><b>Citrus unshiu</b></i> is a semi-seedless and easy-peeling <a href="/wiki/Citrus" title="Citrus">citrus</a> species, also known as the <b>satsuma mandarin</b> or <b>Japanese mandarin</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-sortingcitrus_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sortingcitrus-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Edo_period" title="Edo period">Edo period</a> of Japan, <a href="/wiki/Kishu_mikan" title="Kishu mikan">kishu mikans</a> were more popular because there was a popular superstition that eating <i>Citrus unshiu</i> without seeds made people prone to infertility. <i>Citrus unshiu</i> became popular in Japan after modernization started in the <a href="/wiki/Meiji_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Meiji period">Meiji period</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-jbp_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jbp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was introduced to the West from the <a href="/wiki/Satsuma_province" class="mw-redirect" title="Satsuma province">Satsuma region</a> of Japan in 1878.<sup id="cite_ref-florida_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-florida-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Citrus unshiu</i> was named after <a href="/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou">Unshu (Wenzhou)</a>, a famous production area of <i>Citrus</i> species in China, in the late Edo period of Japan. Before the name <i>unshu mikan</i> was established in Japan, it was called <i>nakajima mikain</i> or <i>nagashima mikan</i> after the place name of Nishi-Nakajima in Amakusa District of the <a href="/wiki/Higo_Province" title="Higo Province">Higo Province</a> (later <a href="/wiki/Nagashima,_Kagoshima" title="Nagashima, Kagoshima">Nagashima, Kagoshima</a>), where the species is said to have been born.<sup id="cite_ref-Misaki_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Misaki-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jbp_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jbp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-maff_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maff-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ehime_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ehime-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are two theories about the origin of the <i>Citrus unshiu</i>. One is that <i>Citrus unshiu</i> originated in Japan, while the other is that it originated in China.<sup id="cite_ref-florida_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-florida-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-crosscurrents.hawaii.edu_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crosscurrents.hawaii.edu-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the Japanese origin theory, several species that would serve as the parents of <i>Citrus unshiu</i> were introduced from China, and in the 1600s, they were born in Nishi-Nakajima, Higo Province (later Nagashima, Kagoshima) in Japan. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Agriculture,_Forestry_and_Fisheries_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Japan)">The Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-maff_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maff-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ehime_Prefecture" title="Ehime Prefecture">Ehime Prefecture</a><sup id="cite_ref-ehime_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ehime-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Japanese scientists support this theory of Japanese origin.<sup id="cite_ref-plos_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plos-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Misaki_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Misaki-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jbp_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jbp-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Genetic studies conducted in the 2010s suggest that the maternal species of <i>Citrus unshiu</i> is kishu (<i>Citrus kinokuni</i>) and the paternal species is kunenbo (<i>Citrus nobilis</i> Lour. var. <i>kunip</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-plos_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plos-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-naro_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-naro-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Various <a href="/wiki/Cultivars" class="mw-redirect" title="Cultivars">cultivars</a> have been developed based on the <i>Citrus unshiu</i>, and in Japan, three cultivars, namely miyagawa wase, okitsu wase, and aoshima unshu, account for nearly half of the production volume of <i>Citrus unshiu</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nomenclature">Nomenclature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citrus_unshiu&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Nomenclature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The unshiu is known as <span title="Chinese-language romanization"><i lang="zh-Latn">wēnzhōu mìgān</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">simplified Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">温州蜜柑</span>; <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">traditional Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">溫州蜜柑</span>) in China, and <span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">mikan</i></span> in Japan (or formally <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">unshū mikan</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">温州蜜柑</span></span>)</span>, the <a href="/wiki/Sino-Japanese_vocabulary" title="Sino-Japanese vocabulary">Japanese reading</a> of the characters used in Chinese). In both languages, the name means "honey citrus of <a href="/wiki/Wenzhou" title="Wenzhou">Wenzhou</a>" (a city in <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a> province, China). An alternative Chinese name, <span title="Chinese-language romanization"><i lang="zh-Latn">wúhé jú</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">simplified Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">无核橘</span>; <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">traditional Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">無核橘</span>), means "seedless <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_orange" title="Mandarin orange">mandarin</a>". </p><p>One of the English names for the fruit, <i>satsuma</i>, is derived from the former <a href="/wiki/Satsuma_Province" title="Satsuma Province">Satsuma Province</a> in Japan, from which these fruits were first exported to the West.<sup id="cite_ref-florida_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-florida-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a> name <span title="Afrikaans-language text"><i lang="af">naartjie</i></span> is also used in <a href="/wiki/South_African_English" title="South African English">South African English</a>. It came originally from the <a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a> word <span title="Tamil-language romanization"><i lang="ta-Latn">nartei</i></span>, meaning citrus.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classification">Classification</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citrus_unshiu&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Classification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under the <a href="/wiki/Citrus_taxonomy" title="Citrus taxonomy">Tanaka classification system</a>, <i>Citrus unshiu</i> is considered a separate species from the <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_orange" title="Mandarin orange">mandarin</a>. Under the <a href="/wiki/Citrus_taxonomy" title="Citrus taxonomy">Swingle system</a>, unshius are considered to be a group of mandarin varieties.<sup id="cite_ref-identification_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-identification-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Genetic analysis has shown the Satsuma to be a highly inbred mandarin-<a href="/wiki/Pomelo" title="Pomelo">pomelo</a> hybrid, with 22% of its genome, a larger proportion than seen in most mandarins, coming from pomelo. It arose when a mandarin of the low-pomelo Huanglingmiao or kishumikan variety (placed in <i>C. reticulata</i> by Tanaka) was crossed with a pomelo or pomelo hybrid, then the resulting cultivar was <a href="/wiki/Backcross" class="mw-redirect" title="Backcross">backcrossed</a> with another Huanglingmiao or kishumikan mandarin.<sup id="cite_ref-naro_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-naro-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Talon_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Talon-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Shimizu_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shimizu-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citrus_unshiu&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chenpi,%E9%99%B3%E7%9A%AE,Citrus_unshiu_5026687.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Chenpi%2C%E9%99%B3%E7%9A%AE%2CCitrus_unshiu_5026687.JPG/220px-Chenpi%2C%E9%99%B3%E7%9A%AE%2CCitrus_unshiu_5026687.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Chenpi%2C%E9%99%B3%E7%9A%AE%2CCitrus_unshiu_5026687.JPG/330px-Chenpi%2C%E9%99%B3%E7%9A%AE%2CCitrus_unshiu_5026687.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Chenpi%2C%E9%99%B3%E7%9A%AE%2CCitrus_unshiu_5026687.JPG/440px-Chenpi%2C%E9%99%B3%E7%9A%AE%2CCitrus_unshiu_5026687.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>The dried peel is used in <a href="/wiki/Chinese_cuisine" title="Chinese cuisine">Chinese cuisine</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E3%81%BF%E3%81%8B%E3%82%93_(311974839).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/%E3%81%BF%E3%81%8B%E3%82%93_%28311974839%29.jpg/220px-%E3%81%BF%E3%81%8B%E3%82%93_%28311974839%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/%E3%81%BF%E3%81%8B%E3%82%93_%28311974839%29.jpg/330px-%E3%81%BF%E3%81%8B%E3%82%93_%28311974839%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/%E3%81%BF%E3%81%8B%E3%82%93_%28311974839%29.jpg/440px-%E3%81%BF%E3%81%8B%E3%82%93_%28311974839%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a><figcaption>Satsuma orange trees in Izunokuni, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Citrus_unshiu_20101118_b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Citrus_unshiu_20101118_b.jpg/220px-Citrus_unshiu_20101118_b.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Citrus_unshiu_20101118_b.jpg/330px-Citrus_unshiu_20101118_b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Citrus_unshiu_20101118_b.jpg/440px-Citrus_unshiu_20101118_b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2773" data-file-height="2080" /></a><figcaption>Satsuma orange fruits</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Citrus unshiu</i> is one of the sweetest citrus varieties.<sup id="cite_ref-sweetest_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sweetest-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is usually seedless, and is about the size of other <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_orange" title="Mandarin orange">mandarin oranges</a> (<i>Citrus reticulata</i>). Satsumas are known for their loose, leathery skin; the fruit is very easily peeled in comparison to other citrus fruits.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rind is often smooth to slightly rough with the shape of a medium to small flattened sphere.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ufl_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ufl-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Satsumas usually have 10 to 12 easily separable segments with tough membranes.<sup id="cite_ref-ufl_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ufl-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The flesh is particularly delicate, and cannot withstand the effects of careless handling.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Coloring of the fruit is often dependent on climate; satsumas grown in humid areas may be ripe while the skin is still green while those grown in areas with cool night temperatures may see a brilliant reddish orange skin at peak.<sup id="cite_ref-ufl_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ufl-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Satsumas are cold-hardy, and when planted in colder locations, the fruit becomes sweeter from the colder temperatures. A mature satsuma tree can survive down to −9 °C (15 °F) or even −11 °C (12 °F) for a few hours.<sup id="cite_ref-stein_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stein-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the edible citrus varieties, only the <a href="/wiki/Kumquat" title="Kumquat">kumquat</a> is more cold-hardy. Satsumas rarely have any thorns, an attribute that also makes them popular.<sup id="cite_ref-ufl_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ufl-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They can be grown from seed, which takes about eight years until the first fruits are produced, or grafted onto other <a href="/wiki/Citrus_rootstock" title="Citrus rootstock">citrus rootstocks</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Trifoliate_orange" title="Trifoliate orange">trifoliate orange</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ufl_20-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ufl-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citrus_unshiu&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States_of_America">United States of America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citrus_unshiu&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: United States of America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Jesus">Jesuits</a> brought the fruit from Asia to North America in the 18th century, starting groves in the Jesuit Plantation upriver from <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans,_Louisiana" class="mw-redirect" title="New Orleans, Louisiana">New Orleans, Louisiana</a> (then a part of <a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">New Spain</a>). The municipal street "Orange" in New Orleans, was originally named "Rue Des Orangers" and the site of the Jesuit grove. The groves were later re-cultivated farther south in <a href="/wiki/Plaquemines_Parish,_Louisiana" title="Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana">Plaquemines Parish</a> to provide greater protection from harmful frosts, and have continued to the present day. The Becnel family are the largest growers of Louisiana citrus.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The fruit became much more common in the United States starting in the late 19th century. In 1878 during the <a href="/wiki/Meiji_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Meiji period">Meiji period</a>, Owari mikans were brought to the United States from the <a href="/wiki/Satsuma_Province" title="Satsuma Province">Satsuma Province</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%ABsh%C5%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyūshū">Kyūshū</a>, Japan, by Anna Van Valkenburgh,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the spouse of the US Minister to Japan, General <a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Van_Valkenburgh" title="Robert B. Van Valkenburgh">Van Valkenburgh</a>, who renamed them satsumas.<sup id="cite_ref-florida_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-florida-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 1908 and 1911 about a million Owari mikan trees were imported throughout the lower Gulf Coast states.<sup id="cite_ref-stein_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stein-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Owari is still commonly grown in <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ufl_20-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ufl-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The towns of <a href="/wiki/Satsuma,_Alabama" title="Satsuma, Alabama">Satsuma, Alabama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Satsuma,_Florida" title="Satsuma, Florida">Satsuma, Florida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Satsuma,_Texas" title="Satsuma, Texas">Satsuma, Texas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Satsuma,_Louisiana" title="Satsuma, Louisiana">Satsuma, Louisiana</a> were named after this fruit. By 1920 <a href="/wiki/Jackson_County,_Florida" title="Jackson County, Florida">Jackson County</a> in the Florida Panhandle had billed itself as the "Satsuma Capital of the World". However, the commercial industry was damaged by a −13.3 °C (8.1 °F) cold snap in 1911, a hurricane in 1915,<sup id="cite_ref-stein_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stein-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a very cold period in the late 1930s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution">Distribution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citrus_unshiu&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Citrus unshiu</i> is amongst others grown in Japan, Spain, central China, Korea, the US, South Africa, South America, New Zealand, and around the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ufl_20-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ufl-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Varieties">Varieties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citrus_unshiu&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Varieties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Unshiu</i> varieties cluster among the <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_orange" title="Mandarin orange">mandarin</a> family.<sup id="cite_ref-ident1_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ident1-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are, however, some <a href="/wiki/Citrus_hybrids" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus hybrids">hybrids</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Possible_non-hybrids">Possible non-hybrids</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citrus_unshiu&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Possible non-hybrids"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kishu_mikan" title="Kishu mikan">Kishu mikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cgonkan" title="Ōgonkan">Ōgonkan</a> or <a href="/wiki/Ki-mikan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ki-mikan">Ki-mikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komikan_(fruit)" title="Komikan (fruit)">Komikan</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hybrids">Hybrids</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citrus_unshiu&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Hybrids"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amanatsu" title="Amanatsu">Amanatsu</a> (pomelo hybrid)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinkoji_unshiu" title="Kinkoji unshiu">Kinkoji unshiu</a> (<i>C. obovoidea</i>(kinkoji) × <i>C. unshiu</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiyomi" title="Kiyomi">Kiyomi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dekopon" title="Dekopon">Dekopon</a> is a kiyomi hybrid</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobayashi_mikan" title="Kobayashi mikan">Kobayashi mikan</a> (<i>C. natsudaidai</i> × <i>C.unshiu</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-ident2_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ident2-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shonan_Gold" title="Shonan Gold">Shonan Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iyokan" title="Iyokan">Iyokan</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Citrus_unshiu&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-sortingcitrus-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sortingcitrus_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMichel_H._Porcher" class="citation web cs1">Michel H. Porcher (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Citrus_2.html">"Sorting Citrus names"</a>. <i>Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database</i>. The University of Melbourne.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Multilingual+Multiscript+Plant+Name+Database&rft.atitle=Sorting+Citrus+names&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au%2FSorting%2FCitrus_2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitrus+unshiu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jbp-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jbp_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jbp_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jbp_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190205134213/http://jbpress.ismedia.jp/articles/-/55347?page=3">"日本と世界の食事情「こたつでミカン」の光景はなぜ生まれたのか"</a> [Food situation in Japan and the world. How did the scene of eating mikan at a kotatsu come about?]. <i>Narumi Sato</i> (in Japanese). Japan Business Press Co., Ltd. February 1, 2019. p. 3. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jbpress.ismedia.jp/articles/-/55347?page=3">the original</a> on February 5, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2021</span>. <q>During the Edo period, when Kishu mikan were being cultivated, unshu mikan were already being cultivated. However, they were not yet called unshu mikan, but Nakajima mikan. Although mandarins were a luxury, unshu mikan were not the most popular. The unshu mikan is unique in that it is ready to peel and has no seeds. The lack of seeds is good because they are easy to eat, but in the Edo period, the lack of seeds was a factor that made them unpopular. It was believed that eating seedless fruit meant that one could no longer produce offspring, thus ending one's family lineage. When the fruit was named "unshu mikan" in the late Edo period, it was finally recognized. Wenzhou is a mandarin production area in China, and the name "unshu mikan" means "a mandarin comparable to the one produced in Wenzhou". The unshu mikan is often mistaken for a mandarin imported from China, but it is a genuine Japanese mandarin. It was not until the Meiji period that the cultivation of unshu mikan became popular.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Narumi+Sato&rft.atitle=%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E3%81%A8%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E3%81%AE%E9%A3%9F%E4%BA%8B%E6%83%85%E3%80%8C%E3%81%93%E3%81%9F%E3%81%A4%E3%81%A7%E3%83%9F%E3%82%AB%E3%83%B3%E3%80%8D%E3%81%AE%E5%85%89%E6%99%AF%E3%81%AF%E3%81%AA%E3%81%9C%E7%94%9F%E3%81%BE%E3%82%8C%E3%81%9F%E3%81%AE%E3%81%8B&rft.pages=3&rft.date=2019-02-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjbpress.ismedia.jp%2Farticles%2F-%2F55347%3Fpage%3D3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitrus+unshiu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-florida-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-florida_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-florida_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-florida_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-florida_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210630081931/https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/publication/ch116">The Satsuma Mandarin</a> University of Florida</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Misaki-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Misaki_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Misaki_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMisaki1999" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Misaki, Akira (November 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20020701101052/http://www.mikan.gr.jp/report/kigen/page7.html">"紀州有田みかんの起源と発達史"</a> [The Origin and the Development-Process of "Kisyu Arida Mikan (Arida Mandarin)"]. <i>経済理論 [The Wakayama Economic Review]</i> (in Japanese). <b>292</b>. University of Wakayama: <span class="nowrap">97–</span>118. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mikan.gr.jp/report/kigen/page7.html">the original</a> on 2002-07-01. <q>(After the many years of research, <a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dzabur%C5%8D_Tanaka" title="Chōzaburō Tanaka">Dr. Tanaka</a> has concluded the place of origin of Satsuma is <a href="/wiki/Azuma,_Kagoshima" title="Azuma, Kagoshima">Nagashima, Kagoshima</a>. Satsuma is a <a href="/wiki/Chance_seedling" title="Chance seedling">chance seedling</a> of Sōkitsu, Mankitsu, or Tendaisankitsu introduced from Huangyan Zhejiang, China. It appeared in the early Edo period. The place where Satsuma was born by mutation was Nishi-nakajima, Amakusa District, Higo Province (later Nagashima, Kagoshima), and was called Nakajima Mikan or Nagashima Mikan.)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E7%B5%8C%E6%B8%88%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96+%5BThe+Wakayama+Economic+Review%5D&rft.atitle=%E7%B4%80%E5%B7%9E%E6%9C%89%E7%94%B0%E3%81%BF%E3%81%8B%E3%82%93%E3%81%AE%E8%B5%B7%E6%BA%90%E3%81%A8%E7%99%BA%E9%81%94%E5%8F%B2&rft.volume=292&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E97-%3C%2Fspan%3E118&rft.date=1999-11&rft.aulast=Misaki&rft.aufirst=Akira&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mikan.gr.jp%2Freport%2Fkigen%2Fpage7.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitrus+unshiu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-maff-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-maff_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-maff_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230317032238/https://www.maff.go.jp/j/pr/aff/1701/spe1_01.html"><bdi lang="ja">特集1 みかん(1)</bdi></a> (in Japanese). <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Agriculture,_Forestry_and_Fisheries_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Japan)">The Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.maff.go.jp/j/pr/aff/1701/spe1_01.html">the original</a> on 17 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E7%89%B9%E9%9B%861+%E3%81%BF%E3%81%8B%E3%82%93%281%29&rft.pub=The+Japanese+Ministry+of+Agriculture%2C+Forestry+and+Fisheries&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.maff.go.jp%2Fj%2Fpr%2Faff%2F1701%2Fspe1_01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitrus+unshiu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ehime-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ehime_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ehime_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230201160857/https://www.pref.ehime.jp/h35500/7757/documents/page6-7.pdf"><bdi lang="ja">みかんの歴史</bdi></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Japanese). <a href="/wiki/Ehime_Prefecture" title="Ehime Prefecture">Ehime Prefecture</a>. p. 6. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pref.ehime.jp/h35500/7757/documents/page6-7.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 1 February 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E3%81%BF%E3%81%8B%E3%82%93%E3%81%AE%E6%AD%B4%E5%8F%B2&rft.pages=6&rft.pub=Ehime+Prefecture&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pref.ehime.jp%2Fh35500%2F7757%2Fdocuments%2Fpage6-7.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitrus+unshiu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchlegel2009" class="citation book cs1">Schlegel, Rolf (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6DxOeqhXUMcC&pg=PA437"><i>Dictionary of Plant Breeding</i></a> (2nd ed.). CRC Press. p. 437. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781439802434" title="Special:BookSources/9781439802434"><bdi>9781439802434</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Plant+Breeding&rft.pages=437&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9781439802434&rft.aulast=Schlegel&rft.aufirst=Rolf&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6DxOeqhXUMcC%26pg%3DPA437&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitrus+unshiu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-crosscurrents.hawaii.edu-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-crosscurrents.hawaii.edu_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crosscurrents.hawaii.edu/content.aspx?lang=eng&site=cc&theme=work&subtheme=AGRIC&unit=CCWORK022">"Japanese Mikan and Satsuma Oranges"</a>. <i>hawaii.edu</i>. <q>Mikan is a tangerine-like citrus fruit that is grown in warmer regions of Japan in large quantities. Many different varieties have been introduced to Japan from China since the eighth century, but since the late 19th century the most important variety has been the unshu.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hawaii.edu&rft.atitle=Japanese+Mikan+and+Satsuma+Oranges&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crosscurrents.hawaii.edu%2Fcontent.aspx%3Flang%3Deng%26site%3Dcc%26theme%3Dwork%26subtheme%3DAGRIC%26unit%3DCCWORK022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitrus+unshiu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-plos-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-plos_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-plos_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190426103836/https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2433/217793/1/journal.pone.0166969.pdf">"Hybrid Origins of Citrus Varieties Inferred from DNA Marker Analysis of Nuclear and Organelle Genomes"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Shimizu Tokurou; Kitajima Akira; Nonaka Keisuke; Yoshioka Terutaka; Ohta Satoshi; Goto Shingo; Toyoda Atsushi; Fujiyama Asao; Mochizuki Takako; Nagasaki Hideki; Kaminuma Eli; Nakamura Yasukazu</i>. November 30, 2016. p. 50. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2433/217793/1/journal.pone.0166969.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on April 26, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2021</span>. <q>Therefore, it is likely that kunenbo was backcrossed to Kishu in the Kagoshima region of Japan several times and Satsuma and Yatsushiro were selected from their offspring.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Shimizu+Tokurou%3B+Kitajima+Akira%3B+Nonaka+Keisuke%3B+Yoshioka+Terutaka%3B+Ohta+Satoshi%3B+Goto+Shingo%3B+Toyoda+Atsushi%3B+Fujiyama+Asao%3B+Mochizuki+Takako%3B+Nagasaki+Hideki%3B+Kaminuma+Eli%3B+Nakamura+Yasukazu&rft.atitle=Hybrid+Origins+of+Citrus+Varieties+Inferred+from+DNA+Marker+Analysis+of+Nuclear+and+Organelle+Genomes.&rft.pages=50&rft.date=2016-11-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frepository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp%2Fdspace%2Fbitstream%2F2433%2F217793%2F1%2Fjournal.pone.0166969.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitrus+unshiu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210630023854/https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsbbs/advpub/0/advpub_16060/_pdf">"Parental diagnosis of satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) revealed by nuclear and cytoplasmic markers"</a>. <i>Hiroshi Fujii, Satoshi Ohta, Keisuke Nonaka, Yuichi Katayose, Toshimi Matsumoto, etc</i>. November 30, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsbbs/advpub/0/advpub_16060/_pdf">the original</a> on June 30, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Norwich, England: Sinclair International Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1872960014" title="Special:BookSources/1872960014"><bdi>1872960014</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/45130256">45130256</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Citrus+varieties+of+the+world+%3A+an+illustrated+guide&rft.place=Norwich%2C+England&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Sinclair+International+Ltd&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F45130256&rft.isbn=1872960014&rft.aulast=Saunt&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitrus+unshiu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ident1-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ident1_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarkleyRooseKruegerFederici2006" class="citation journal cs1">Barkley, NA; Roose, ML; Krueger, RR; Federici, CT (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210309064039/https://naldc-legacy.nal.usda.gov/naldc/download.xhtml?id=11065&content=PDF">"Assessing genetic diversity and population structure in a citrus germplasm collection utilizing simple sequence repeat markers (SSRS)"</a>. <i>Theoretical and Applied Genetics</i>. <b>112</b> (8): <span class="nowrap">1519–</span>1531. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00122-006-0255-9">10.1007/s00122-006-0255-9</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16699791">16699791</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:7667126">7667126</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://naldc-legacy.nal.usda.gov/naldc/download.xhtml?id=11065&content=PDF">the original</a> on 2021-03-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-12-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Theoretical+and+Applied+Genetics&rft.atitle=Assessing+genetic+diversity+and+population+structure+in+a+citrus+germplasm+collection+utilizing+simple+sequence+repeat+markers+%28SSRS%29&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1519-%3C%2Fspan%3E1531&rft.date=2006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A7667126%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16699791&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs00122-006-0255-9&rft.aulast=Barkley&rft.aufirst=NA&rft.au=Roose%2C+ML&rft.au=Krueger%2C+RR&rft.au=Federici%2C+CT&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnaldc-legacy.nal.usda.gov%2Fnaldc%2Fdownload.xhtml%3Fid%3D11065%26content%3DPDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitrus+unshiu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://citrusvariety.ucr.edu/citrus/kinkoji_unshiu.html">"Kinkoji unshiu mandarin (graft) hybrid <i>Citrus neo-aurantium</i>"</a>. <i>Citrus Variety Collection</i>. University of California Riverside.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Citrus+Variety+Collection&rft.atitle=Kinkoji+unshiu+mandarin+%28graft%29+hybrid+Citrus+neo-aurantium&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcitrusvariety.ucr.edu%2Fcitrus%2Fkinkoji_unshiu.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitrus+unshiu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ident2-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ident2_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKuniaki_SugawaraAtsushi_OowadaTakaya_Moriguchi1Mitsuo_Omura1995" class="citation journal cs1">Kuniaki Sugawara; Atsushi Oowada; Takaya Moriguchi1; Mitsuo Omura (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hortsci.ashspublications.org/content/30/6/1276.full.pdf">"Identification of <i>Citrus</i> Chimeras by RAPD Markers"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>HortScience</i>. <b>30</b> (6): <span class="nowrap">1276–</span>1278. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.21273%2FHORTSCI.30.6.1276">10.21273/HORTSCI.30.6.1276</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HortScience&rft.atitle=Identification+of+Citrus+Chimeras+by+RAPD+Markers&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1276-%3C%2Fspan%3E1278&rft.date=1995&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.21273%2FHORTSCI.30.6.1276&rft.au=Kuniaki+Sugawara&rft.au=Atsushi+Oowada&rft.au=Takaya+Moriguchi1&rft.au=Mitsuo+Omura&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhortsci.ashspublications.org%2Fcontent%2F30%2F6%2F1276.full.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACitrus+unshiu" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint 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title="Orange (fruit)">Orange</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Citrus_%C3%97_sinensis" title="Citrus × sinensis">sweet orange</a>)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">True and hybrid<br /><a href="/wiki/Cultivar" title="Cultivar">cultivars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_macrophylla" title="Citrus macrophylla">Alemow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amanatsu" title="Amanatsu">Amanatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assam_lemon" title="Assam lemon">Assam lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergamot_orange" title="Bergamot orange">Bergamot orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bizzarria" title="Bizzarria">Bizzarria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitter_orange" title="Bitter orange">Bitter orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood_lime" title="Blood lime">Blood lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood_orange" title="Blood orange">Blood orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byeonggyul" title="Byeonggyul">Byeonggyul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biasong" class="mw-redirect" title="Biasong">Biasong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cam_s%C3%A0nh" title="Cam sành">Cam sành</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cara_Cara_navel_orange" title="Cara Cara navel orange">Cara Cara navel orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrange" title="Citrange">Citrange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrumelo" title="Citrumelo">Citrumelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clementine" title="Clementine">Clementine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coorg_orange" title="Coorg orange">Coorg orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daidai" title="Daidai">Daidai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dekopon" title="Dekopon">Dekopon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27Encore%27_mandarin" title="'Encore' mandarin">Encore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairchild_tangerine" title="Fairchild tangerine">Fairchild tangerine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florentine_citron" title="Florentine citron">Florentine citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forbidden_fruit_(citrus)" title="Forbidden fruit (citrus)">Forbidden fruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_assamensis" title="Citrus assamensis">Ginger lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haruka_(citrus)" title="Haruka (citrus)">Haruka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassaku" title="Hassaku">Hassaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebesu" title="Hebesu">Hebesu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heen_naran" title="Heen naran">Heen naran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyuganatsu" title="Hyuganatsu">Hyuganatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_lemon" title="Imperial lemon">Imperial lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_indica" title="Citrus indica">Indian wild orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iyokan" title="Iyokan">Iyokan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabara_(citrus)" title="Jabara (citrus)">Jabara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaffa_orange" title="Jaffa orange">Jaffa orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_tangelo" title="Jamaican tangelo">Jamaican tangelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabbad" title="Kabbad">Kabbad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabosu" title="Kabosu">Kabosu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaji_Nemu" title="Kaji Nemu">Kaji Nemu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_gracilis" title="Citrus gracilis">Kakadu lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpi_(fruit)" title="Kalpi (fruit)">Kalpi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanpei" title="Kanpei">Kanpei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawachi_bankan" title="Kawachi bankan">Kawachi bankan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Key_lime" title="Key lime">Key lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_latipes" title="Citrus latipes">Khasi papeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinkoji_unshiu" title="Kinkoji unshiu">Kinkoji unshiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinnow" title="Kinnow">Kinnow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishu_mikan" title="Kishu mikan">Kishu mikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiyomi" title="Kiyomi">Kiyomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobayashi_mikan" title="Kobayashi mikan">Kobayashi mikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koji_orange" title="Koji orange">Koji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komikan_(fruit)" title="Komikan (fruit)">Komikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laraha" title="Laraha">Laraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemonade_fruit" title="Lemonade fruit">Lemonade fruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lim%C3%B3n_de_Pica" title="Limón de Pica">Limón de Pica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumia_(citrus)" title="Lumia (citrus)">Lumia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandelo" title="Mandelo">Mandelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandora_(fruit)" title="Mandora (fruit)">Mandora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_macroptera" title="Citrus macroptera">Melanesian papeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melogold" title="Melogold">Melogold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meyer_lemon" title="Meyer lemon">Meyer lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micrantha_(citrus)" title="Micrantha (citrus)">Micrantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midknight_Valencia_Orange" title="Midknight Valencia Orange">Midknight Valencia Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murcott_(fruit)" title="Murcott (fruit)">Murcott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_myrtifolia" title="Citrus myrtifolia">Myrtle-leaved orange tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagpur_orange" title="Nagpur orange">Nagpur orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_%C3%97_amblycarpa" title="Citrus × amblycarpa">Nasnaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_grapefruit" title="New Zealand grapefruit">New Zealand grapefruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cgonkan" title="Ōgonkan">Ōgonkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orangelo" title="Orangelo">Orangelo/Chironja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oroblanco" title="Oroblanco">Oroblanco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_sweet_lime" title="Palestinian sweet lime">Palestinian sweet lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_lime" title="Persian lime">Persian lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixie_mandarin" title="Pixie mandarin">Pixie mandarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompia" title="Pompia">Pompia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponderosa_lemon" title="Ponderosa lemon">Ponderosa lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponkan" title="Ponkan">Ponkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangpur_(fruit)" title="Rangpur (fruit)">Rangpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reikou" title="Reikou">Reikou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhobs_el_Arsa" title="Rhobs el Arsa">Rhobs el Arsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rough_lemon" title="Rough lemon">Rough lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuyao" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuyao">Samuyao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanbokan" title="Sanbokan">Sanbokan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Satsuma mandarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setoka" title="Setoka">Setoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shangjuan" title="Shangjuan">Shangjuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shonan_Gold" title="Shonan Gold">Shonan Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_Red_Valencia" title="Smith Red Valencia">Smith Red Valencia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudachi" title="Sudachi">Sudachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koji_orange#Varieties" title="Koji orange">Suruga yuko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_lemon" title="Sweet lemon">Sweet lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_limetta" title="Citrus limetta">Sweet limetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangelo" title="Tangelo">Tangelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangerine" title="Tangerine">Tangerine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangor" title="Tangor">Tangor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsunonozomi" title="Tsunonozomi">Tsunonozomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valencia_orange" title="Valencia orange">Valencia orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variegated_pink_lemon" title="Variegated pink lemon">Variegated pink lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkamer_lemon" title="Volkamer lemon">Volkamer lemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_longispina" title="Citrus longispina">Winged lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X%C3%A3_%C4%90o%C3%A0i_orange" title="Xã Đoài orange">Xã Đoài orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%ABk%C5%8D" title="Yūkō">Yūkō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuzu" title="Yuzu">Yuzu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Citron" title="Citron">Citrons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balady_citron" title="Balady citron">Balady citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corsican_citron" title="Corsican citron">Corsican citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamante_citron" title="Diamante citron">Diamante citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fingered_citron" class="mw-redirect" title="Fingered citron">Fingered citron/Buddha's hand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_citron" title="Greek citron">Greek citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_citron" title="Moroccan citron">Moroccan citron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemenite_citron" title="Yemenite citron">Yemenite citron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_orange_varieties" title="Mandarin orange varieties">Mandarin oranges</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_reshni" title="Citrus reshni">Cleopatra mandarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_depressa" title="Citrus depressa">Shīkwāsā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanfengmiju" title="Nanfengmiju">Nanfengmiju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tachibana_orange" title="Tachibana orange">Tachibana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_x_deliciosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus x deliciosa">Willowleaf orange</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Papeda_(citrus)" title="Papeda (citrus)">Papedas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_celebica" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus celebica">Celebes papeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_halimii" title="Citrus halimii">Mountain "citron"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_ichangensis" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus ichangensis">Ichang papeda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pomelos" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomelos">Pomelos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banpeiyu" title="Banpeiyu">Banpeiyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dangyuja" title="Dangyuja">Dangyuja</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kumquat" title="Kumquat">Kumquats</a> group</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kumquat species</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_hindsii" title="Citrus hindsii">Hong Kong kumquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_crassifolia" title="Citrus crassifolia">Meiwa kumquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_margarita" title="Citrus margarita">Oval kumquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_japonica" title="Citrus japonica">Round kumquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_obovata" title="Citrus obovata">Jiangsu kumquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_swinglei" title="Citrus swinglei">Malayan kumquat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kumquat hybrids <br />(<a href="/wiki/Hybrid_name" title="Hybrid name">×</a> <a href="/wiki/Citrofortunella" title="Citrofortunella">Citrofortunella</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calamansi" title="Calamansi">Calamansi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrangequat" title="Citrangequat">Citrangequat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limequat" title="Limequat">Limequat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandarinquat" title="Mandarinquat">Mandarinquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procimequat" title="Procimequat">Procimequat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunquat" title="Sunquat">Sunquat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuzuquat" title="Yuzuquat">Yuzuquat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Australian_lime" title="Australian lime">Australian<br />and Papuan<br />wild limes group</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Eromocitrus</i> <br /> <small>(former genera)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_glauca" title="Citrus glauca">Desert lime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Microcitrus</i> <br /> <small>(former genera)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_warburgiana" title="Citrus warburgiana">New Guinea wild lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_australis" title="Citrus australis">Australian round lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_inodora" title="Citrus inodora">Russell River lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_maideniana" class="mw-redirect" title="Citrus maideniana">Maiden's wild lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_garrawayi" title="Citrus garrawayi">Mount White lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_australasica" title="Citrus australasica">Australian finger lime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_wintersii" title="Citrus wintersii">Brown River finger lime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Clymenia_(plant)" title="Clymenia (plant)">Clymenia</a></i> <br /> <small>(former genera)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clymenia_platypoda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clymenia platypoda (page does not exist)">Clymenia platypoda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clymenia_polyandra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clymenia polyandra (page does not exist)">Clymenia polyandra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/False_orange" title="False orange">Oxanthera</a></i> <br /> <small>(former genera)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_oxanthera" title="Citrus oxanthera">Orange-flowered oxanthera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_neocaledonica" title="Citrus neocaledonica">Large-leaf oxanthera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_undulata" title="Citrus undulata">Wavy-leaf oxanthera</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oxanthera_brevipes" title="Oxanthera brevipes">Oxanthera brevipes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Citrus_taxonomy#Trifoliate_orange" title="Citrus taxonomy">Related genera</a><br />(perhaps<br />properly <i>Citrus</i>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Trifoliate_orange" title="Trifoliate orange">Poncirus</a></i>/<a href="/wiki/Trifoliate_orange" title="Trifoliate orange">Trifoliate orange</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Drinks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calamansi_juice" class="mw-redirect" title="Calamansi juice">Calamansi juice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%ABhai" title="Chūhai">Chūhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao_(liqueur)" title="Curaçao (liqueur)">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dried_lime_tea" title="Dried lime tea">Dried lime tea (noomi basra)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grapefruit_juice" title="Grapefruit juice">Grapefruit juice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemonade" title="Lemonade">Lemonade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limeade" title="Limeade">Limeade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_juice" title="Orange juice">Orange juice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuja-hwachae" title="Yuja-hwachae">Yuja-hwachae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuja_tea" title="Yuja tea">Yuja tea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcium_citrate" title="Calcium citrate">Calcium citrate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citric_acid" title="Citric acid">Citric acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biphenyl" title="Biphenyl">Lemonene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limonene" title="Limonene">Limonene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neroli" title="Neroli">Neroli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_flower_water" title="Orange flower water">Orange flower water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_oil" title="Orange oil">Orange oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orangeat" class="mw-redirect" title="Orangeat">Orangeat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Succade" title="Succade">Succade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zest_(ingredient)" title="Zest (ingredient)">Zest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_citrus_diseases" title="List of citrus diseases">Diseases</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_black_spot" title="Citrus black spot">Black spot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_canker" title="Citrus canker">Canker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_tristeza_virus" title="Citrus tristeza virus">CTV/Tristeza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_exocortis" title="Citrus exocortis">Exocortis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_greening_disease" title="Citrus greening disease">Greening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoma_tracheiphila" title="Phoma tracheiphila">Mal secco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phytophthora" title="Phytophthora">Phytophthora</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phytophthora_citricola" title="Phytophthora citricola">citricola</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Citrus botanists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clara_H._Hasse" title="Clara H. Hasse">Clara H. Hasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Willard_Hodgson" title="Robert Willard Hodgson">Robert Willard Hodgson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lena_B._Smithers_Hughes" title="Lena B. Smithers Hughes">Lena B. Smithers Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Mabberley" title="David Mabberley">David Mabberley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_Rodier" title="Clément Rodier">Clément Rodier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Soost" title="Robert Soost">Robert Soost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Tennyson_Swingle" title="Walter Tennyson Swingle">Walter Tennyson Swingle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C5%8Dzabur%C5%8D_Tanaka" title="Chōzaburō Tanaka">Chōzaburō Tanaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikuro_Takahashi_(botanist)" title="Ikuro Takahashi (botanist)">Ikuro Takahashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Christoph_Volkamer" title="Johann Christoph Volkamer">Johann Christoph Volkamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_John_Webber" title="Herbert John Webber">Herbert John Webber</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Citrus_Industry" title="The Citrus Industry">The Citrus Industry</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_production" title="Citrus production">Citrus production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_rootstock" title="Citrus rootstock">Citrus rootstock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrus_taxonomy" title="Citrus taxonomy">Citrus taxonomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold-hardy_citrus" title="Cold-hardy citrus">Cold-hardy citrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesperidium" title="Hesperidium">Hesperidium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_citrus" title="Japanese citrus">Japanese citrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_citrus_fruits" title="List of citrus fruits">List of citrus fruits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Orange_Tree" title="Mother Orange Tree">Mother Orange Tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orangery" title="Orangery">Orangery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Citrus_Experiment_Station" title="University of California Citrus Experiment Station">University of California Citrus Experiment Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Riverside_Citrus_Variety_Collection" class="mw-redirect" title="University of California, Riverside Citrus Variety Collection">University of California, Riverside Citrus Variety Collection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Citrus" title="Category:Citrus">Category</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Citrus_production" title="Category:Citrus production">Production</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Citrus" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Citrus">Commons</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers4434" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers4434" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Citrus unshiu</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875262" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q875262">Q875262</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Plant_Name_Index" title="Australian Plant Name Index">APNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/434919">434919</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bench.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=437751">437751</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/VMMN">VMMN</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ecocrop" title="Ecocrop">Ecocrop</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ecocrop.review.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropView?id=4646">4646</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/5619916">5619916</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/CIDUN">CIDUN</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_North_America" title="Flora of North America">FNA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=242412687">242412687</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/3837471">3837471</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=10793">10793</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/346627">346627</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/772094-1">772094-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=55188">55188</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/cafb2484-b18a-48b0-b40f-d8601536f9f7">cafb2484-b18a-48b0-b40f-d8601536f9f7</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Observation.org" title="Observation.org">Observation.org</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://observation.org/species/149185/">149185</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=1011450">1011450</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/The_Plant_List" title="The Plant List">Plant List</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2724413">kew-2724413</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A772094-1">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772094-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tropicos.org/name/28101459">28101459</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0000608314">wfo-0000608314</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Citrus nobilis <span style="font-style:normal;">var.</span> unshiu</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85213368" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q85213368">Q85213368</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/6711593">6711593</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=10762">10762</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/77107643-1">77107643-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A77107643-1">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77107643-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0000608195">wfo-0000608195</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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1 Template:Speciesbox"," 19.13% 190.010 1 Template:Taxobox/core"," 18.58% 184.544 1 Template:Taxonbar"," 14.62% 145.162 16 Template:Cite_web"," 9.46% 93.985 4 Template:Transliteration"," 8.82% 87.591 1 Template:Citrus"," 8.81% 87.517 3 Template:Navbox"," 6.23% 61.898 1 Template:Short_description"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.665","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":19981269,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-7878cd4448-sdb7z","timestamp":"20250211200543","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Citrus unshiu","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Citrus_unshiu","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q875262","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q875262","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, 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