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United States Bureau of Reclamation - Wikipedia
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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">United States Bureau of Reclamation</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"USBR" redirects here. For the network of long-distance cycling routes, see <a href="/wiki/United_States_Bicycle_Route_System" title="United States Bicycle Route System">United States Bicycle Route System</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Office_of_Surface_Mining,_Reclamation,_and_Enforcement" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of Surface Mining, Reclamation, and Enforcement">Office of Surface Mining, Reclamation, and Enforcement</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Government agency</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size: 125%;">Bureau of Reclamation</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:USBR_logo_oct_2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/USBR_logo_oct_2019.jpg/220px-USBR_logo_oct_2019.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/USBR_logo_oct_2019.jpg/330px-USBR_logo_oct_2019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ca/USBR_logo_oct_2019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="433" data-file-height="507" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Agency overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">1902</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category">Office</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Main_Interior_Building" title="Main Interior Building">Main Interior Building</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employees</th><td class="infobox-data">5,425<sup id="cite_ref-quickfacts_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quickfacts-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annual budget</th><td class="infobox-data">$1.17 billion<sup id="cite_ref-FY2013_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FY2013-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Agency executives</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/M._Camille_Calimlim_Touton" title="M. Camille Calimlim Touton">M. Camille Calimlim Touton</a>, Commissioner</li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">(Vacant), Deputy Commissioner</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent agency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">United States Department of the Interior</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usbr.gov/">www.usbr.gov</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Bureau of Reclamation</b>, formerly the <b>United States Reclamation Service</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_federal_agencies" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States federal agencies">federal agency</a> under the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_the_Interior" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of the Interior">U.S. Department of the Interior</a>, which oversees water resource management, specifically as it applies to the oversight and operation of the diversion, delivery, and storage projects that it has built throughout the western United States for <a href="/wiki/Irrigation" title="Irrigation">irrigation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Water_supply" title="Water supply">water supply</a>, and attendant <a href="/wiki/Hydroelectric" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydroelectric">hydroelectric</a> <a href="/wiki/Power_generation" class="mw-redirect" title="Power generation">power generation</a>. It is currently the U.S.'s largest wholesaler of water, bringing water to more than 31 million people, and providing one in five Western farmers with irrigation water for 10 million acres of farmland, which produce 60% of the nation's vegetables and 25% of its fruits and nuts. The Bureau is also the second largest producer of hydroelectric power in the western U.S.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On June 17, 1902, in accordance with the <a href="/wiki/Reclamation_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Reclamation Act">Reclamation Act</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">Secretary of the Interior</a> <a href="/wiki/Ethan_A._Hitchcock_(Interior)" title="Ethan A. Hitchcock (Interior)">Ethan Allen Hitchcock</a> established the U.S. Reclamation Service within the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Geological_Survey" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Geological Survey">U.S. Geological Survey</a> (USGS). The new Reclamation Service studied potential water development projects in each western state with federal lands. Revenue from sale of federal lands was the initial source of the program's funding. Because <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> had no federal lands, it did not become a Reclamation state until 1906, when Congress passed a law including it in the provisions of the Reclamation Act. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Bureau_of_Reclamation&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bureau_of_Reclamation_regions.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Bureau_of_Reclamation_regions.png/220px-Bureau_of_Reclamation_regions.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Bureau_of_Reclamation_regions.png/330px-Bureau_of_Reclamation_regions.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Bureau_of_Reclamation_regions.png/440px-Bureau_of_Reclamation_regions.png 2x" data-file-width="1428" data-file-height="1514" /></a><figcaption>Bureau of Reclamation regions</figcaption></figure> <p>From 1902 to 1907, Reclamation began about 30 projects in Western states.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then, in 1907, the Secretary of the Interior separated the Reclamation Service from the USGS and created an independent bureau within the Department of the Interior. <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Haynes_Newell" title="Frederick Haynes Newell">Frederick Haynes Newell</a> was appointed the first director of the new bureau. Beginning with the third person to take over the direction of Reclamation in 1923, David W. Davis, the title was changed from Director to Commissioner.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the early years, many projects encountered problems: lands or soils included in projects were unsuitable for <a href="/wiki/Irrigation" title="Irrigation">irrigation</a>; land speculation sometimes resulted in poor settlement patterns; proposed repayment schedules could not be met by irrigators who had high land-preparation and facilities-construction costs; settlers were inexperienced in irrigation farming; <a href="/wiki/Waterlogging_(agriculture)" title="Waterlogging (agriculture)">waterlogging</a> of irrigable lands required expensive drainage projects; and projects were built in areas which could only grow low-value crops. In 1923 the agency was renamed the "Bureau of Reclamation".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1924, however, in the face of increasing settler unrest and financial woes, the "Fact Finder's Report" spotlighted major problematic issues; the Fact Finders Act in late 1924 sought to resolve some of these problems.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1928 Congress authorized the Boulder Canyon (<a href="/wiki/Hoover_Dam" title="Hoover Dam">Hoover Dam</a>) Project, and large appropriations began, for the first time, to flow to Reclamation from the general funds of the United States. The authorization came only after a hard-fought debate about the pros and cons of public power versus private power.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (December 2017)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The heyday of Reclamation construction of water facilities occurred during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Depression</a> and the 35 years after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. From 1941 to 1947, <a href="/wiki/Civilian_Public_Service" title="Civilian Public Service">Civilian Public Service</a> labor was used to carry on projects otherwise interrupted by the war effort. The last major authorization for construction projects occurred in the late 1960s, while a parallel evolution and development of the American environmental movement began to result in strong opposition to water development projects. Even the 1976 failure of <a href="/wiki/Teton_Dam" title="Teton Dam">Teton Dam</a> as it filled for the first time did not diminish Reclamation's strong international reputation in water development circles.<sup id="cite_ref-teton_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-teton-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, this first and only failure of a major Reclamation Bureau dam led to subsequent strengthening of its dam-safety program to avoid similar problems. Even so, the failure of Teton Dam, the environmental movement, and the announcement of <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">President Carter</a>'s "hit list" on water projects profoundly affected the direction of Reclamation's programs and activities.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Reclamation operates about 180 projects in the 17 western states. The total Reclamation investment for completed project facilities in September 1992 was about $11 billion. Reclamation projects provide agricultural, household, and industrial water to about one‑third of the population of the American West. About 5% of the land area of the West is irrigated, and Reclamation provides water to about one-fifth of that area, some 9,120,000 acres (37,000 km<sup>2</sup>) in 1992. Reclamation is a major American generator of <a href="/wiki/Electricity" title="Electricity">electricity</a>. As of 2007<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_Bureau_of_Reclamation&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Reclamation had 58 power plants on‑line and generated 125,000 GJ of electricity. </p><p>From 1988 to 1994, Reclamation underwent major reorganization as construction on projects authorized in the 1960s and earlier drew to an end. Reclamation wrote that "The arid West essentially has been reclaimed. The major rivers have been harnessed and facilities are in place or are being completed to meet the most pressing current water demands and those of the immediate future". Emphasis in Reclamation programs shifted from construction to operation and maintenance of existing facilities. Reclamation's redefined official mission is to "manage, develop, and protect water and related resources in an environmentally and economically sound manner in the interest of the American public". In redirecting its programs and responsibilities, Reclamation substantially reduced its staff levels and budgets but remains a significant federal agency in the West.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Willard_Bay_State_Park.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Willard_Bay_State_Park.jpg/250px-Willard_Bay_State_Park.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Willard_Bay_State_Park.jpg/375px-Willard_Bay_State_Park.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Willard_Bay_State_Park.jpg/500px-Willard_Bay_State_Park.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>On October 1, 2017, the <a href="/wiki/Hoover_Dam_Police" title="Hoover Dam Police">Hoover Dam Police Department</a> was closed and the <a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a> took over law enforcement duties for the Hoover Dam. The Hoover Dam Police Department existed for more than 80 years.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leadership">Leadership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Bureau_of_Reclamation&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Reclamation commissioners that have had a strong impact and molding of the Bureau have included <a href="/wiki/Elwood_Mead" title="Elwood Mead">Elwood Mead</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_W._Straus" title="Michael W. Straus">Michael W. Straus</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Floyd_Dominy" title="Floyd Dominy">Floyd Dominy</a>, with the latter two being public-power boosters who ran the Bureau during its heyday. Mead guided the bureau during the development, planning, and construction of the Hoover Dam, the United States' first multiple-purpose dam.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/John_W._Keys" title="John W. Keys">John W. Keys</a>, the 16th Commissioner of the Bureau of Reclamation who served from July 2001 to April 2006, was killed two years after his retirement on May 30, 2008, when the airplane he was piloting crashed in <a href="/wiki/Canyonlands_National_Park" title="Canyonlands National Park">Canyonlands National Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">Utah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On June 26, 2017, President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> nominated <a href="/wiki/Brenda_Burman" title="Brenda Burman">Brenda Burman</a> to serve as the Commissioner of the United States Bureau of Reclamation. She was confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> on November 16, 2017. Burman is the first woman to ever lead the Bureau of Reclamation. David Murillo was serving as the acting commissioner of the bureau. Burman resigned on January 20 after the inauguration of the <a href="/wiki/Biden_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Biden Administration">Biden Administration</a>. </p><p>The current Commissioner is <a href="/wiki/M._Camille_Calimlim_Touton" title="M. Camille Calimlim Touton">Camille Calimlim Touton</a>, the first Filipino American to head the agency. She was confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> on November 4, 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_reclamation_projects">List of reclamation projects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Bureau_of_Reclamation&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: List of reclamation projects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animas-La_Plata_Water_Project" title="Animas-La Plata Water Project">Animas-La Plata Water Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boise_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Boise Project">Boise Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulder_Canyon_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Boulder Canyon Project">Boulder Canyon Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Arizona_Project_Aqueduct" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Arizona Project Aqueduct">Central Arizona Project Aqueduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Utah_Project" title="Central Utah Project">Central Utah Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Valley_Project" title="Central Valley Project">Central Valley Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado-Big_Thompson_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Colorado-Big Thompson Project">Colorado-Big Thompson Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_River_Storage_Project" title="Colorado River Storage Project">Colorado River Storage Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Basin_Project" title="Columbia Basin Project">Columbia Basin Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elwha_Ecosystem_Restoration" class="mw-redirect" title="Elwha Ecosystem Restoration">Elwha River Dam Removal Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fryingpan-Arkansas_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Fryingpan-Arkansas Project">Fryingpan-Arkansas Project</a></li> <li>Gila Project</li> <li>High Plains Cooperative Pilot Project</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntley_Project" title="Huntley Project">Huntley Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klamath_Project" title="Klamath Project">Klamath Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minidoka_Project" title="Minidoka Project">Minidoka Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_Lake_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Moon Lake Project">Moon Lake Project</a></li> <li>Navajo-Gallup Water Supply Project</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Platte_Project" title="North Platte Project">North Platte Project</a></li> <li>Palo Verde Diversion Project</li> <li>Pojoaque Basin Regional Water System Project</li> <li>Project Skywater</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande_Project" title="Rio Grande Project">Rio Grande Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshone_Project" title="Shoshone Project">Shoshone Project</a></li> <li>Sierra Cooperative Pilot Project</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strawberry_Valley_Project" title="Strawberry Valley Project">Strawberry Valley Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washita_Basin_Project" title="Washita Basin Project">Washita Basin Project</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yuma_Auxiliary_Project&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yuma Auxiliary Project (page does not exist)">Yuma Auxiliary Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuma_Project" title="Yuma Project">Yuma Project</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Bureau_of_Reclamation&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_River_Aqueduct" title="Colorado River Aqueduct">Colorado River Aqueduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_Terminal_Lakes_Program" title="Desert Terminal Lakes Program">Desert Terminal Lakes Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Coulee_Dam" title="Grand Coulee Dam">Grand Coulee Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Bureau_of_Reclamation_dams" title="List of United States Bureau of Reclamation dams">List of United States Bureau of Reclamation dams</a></li> <li>Refuge Water Supply Program</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside_Canal_(El_Paso)" title="Riverside Canal (El Paso)">Riverside Canal (El Paso)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuma_Valley_Railway" title="Yuma Valley Railway">Yuma Valley Railway</a>, a predecessor of the Yuma Valley Railroad that was owned by USG along Colorado River in Yuma, Arizona</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Bureau_of_Reclamation&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-quickfacts-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-quickfacts_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usbr.gov/facts.html">"Bureau of Reclamation Quickfacts"</a>. <i>under "TOPIC: Employees"</i>. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. 3 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=under+%22TOPIC%3A+Employees%22&rft.atitle=Bureau+of+Reclamation+Quickfacts&rft.date=2012-05-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usbr.gov%2Ffacts.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Bureau+of+Reclamation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FY2013-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FY2013_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usbr.gov/budget/2013/FY13_Budget_Justifications.pdf"><i>Budget Justifications and Performance Information, Fiscal Year 2013</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. U.S. Department of the Interior. 2012. p. 11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Budget+Justifications+and+Performance+Information%2C+Fiscal+Year+2013&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+the+Interior&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usbr.gov%2Fbudget%2F2013%2FFY13_Budget_Justifications.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Bureau+of+Reclamation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160224074309/http://www.usbr.gov/main/about/fact.html">"Bureau of Reclamation – About Us"</a>. 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Page">Page, Arthur W.</a> (December 1907). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hKPvxXgBN1oC&pg=PA9691">"The Real Conquest of the West: The Work of the United States REclamation Service"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/World%27s_Work" class="mw-redirect" title="World's Work">The World's Work: A History of Our Time</a></i>. <b>XV</b>: 9691–9704<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bureau+of+Reclamation&rft.atitle=Reclamation+History&rft.au=Bureau+of+Reclamation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usbr.gov%2Fhistory%2Fcommiss.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Bureau+of+Reclamation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usbr.gov/history/borhist.html">The Bureau of Reclamation: A Very Brief History</a>, Bureau of Reclamation</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kleinsorge, Paul L. (1941). The Boulder Canyon Project: Historical and Economic Aspects (Stanford: Stanford University Press).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-teton-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-teton_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usbr.gov/pmts/sediment/projects/TetonRiver/TetonRiver.htm">"Teton Dam Failure"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-05-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Teton+Dam+Failure&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usbr.gov%2Fpmts%2Fsediment%2Fprojects%2FTetonRiver%2FTetonRiver.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Bureau+of+Reclamation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paul E. Scheele Presidential Studies Quarterly Vol. 8, No. 4, Presidential Power and the Values and Processes of Democracy (Fall, 1978), pp. 348–364</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bouldercityreview.com/news/dam-police-department-dissolved-park-rangers-now-patrol-facility/">"Dam police department dissolved; park rangers now patrol facility"</a>. 13 December 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dam+police+department+dissolved%3B+park+rangers+now+patrol+facility&rft.date=2017-12-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbouldercityreview.com%2Fnews%2Fdam-police-department-dissolved-park-rangers-now-patrol-facility%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Bureau+of+Reclamation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSutton1968" class="citation journal cs1">Sutton, Imre (1968). "Geographical Aspects of Construction Planning: Hoover Dam Revisited". <i>Journal of the West</i>. <b>7</b> (3): 301–344.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+West&rft.atitle=Geographical+Aspects+of+Construction+Planning%3A+Hoover+Dam+Revisited&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=301-344&rft.date=1968&rft.aulast=Sutton&rft.aufirst=Imre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Bureau+of+Reclamation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReclamation" class="citation web cs1">Reclamation, Bureau of. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usbr.gov/history/CommissBios/keys.html">"Bureau of Reclamation"</a>. <i>www.usbr.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.usbr.gov&rft.atitle=Bureau+of+Reclamation&rft.aulast=Reclamation&rft.aufirst=Bureau+of&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usbr.gov%2Fhistory%2FCommissBios%2Fkeys.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Bureau+of+Reclamation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.watereducation.org/aquafornia-news/aquafornia-breaking-news-camille-calimlim-touton-nominated-bureau-reclamation">"AQUAFORNIA BREAKING NEWS: Camille Calimlim Touton nominated as Bureau of Reclamation Commissioner"</a>. 22 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AQUAFORNIA+BREAKING+NEWS%3A+Camille+Calimlim+Touton+nominated+as+Bureau+of+Reclamation+Commissioner&rft.date=2020-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.watereducation.org%2Faquafornia-news%2Faquafornia-breaking-news-camille-calimlim-touton-nominated-bureau-reclamation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Bureau+of+Reclamation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Bureau_of_Reclamation&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Beard, Daniel P. <i>Deadbeat Dams: Why We Should Abolish the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation and Tear Down Glen Canyon Dam</i>, (Johnson Books, 2015).</li></ul> <ul><li>Börk, Karrigan S. <span style="padding-right:.15em;">"</span>'The Wilderness and the Dry Land Will Be Glad; and the Desert Will Rejoice and Blossom like a Rose': The Origins of the Bureau of Reclamation", <i>Journal of the West</i> 50 (Spring 2011), 60–74.</li> <li>Lee, Lawrence B. "100 years of reclamation historiography." <i>Pacific Historical Review</i> 47.4 (1978): 507-564.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3637371">online</a>; Covers 1) irrigation , 1878-1902, 2) reclamation service, 3) agricultural settlement, 1902-28, 4) engineering 1887-1953, 5) Department of Agriculture, 1898-1938, 6) historians, 1898-1978, and 7) challenges to Bureau</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Reisner" title="Marc Reisner">Marc Reisner</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Cadillac_Desert" title="Cadillac Desert">Cadillac Desert</a>: The American West and Its Disappearing Water.</i> Revised edition (Penguin, 1993). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-017824-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-017824-4">0-14-017824-4</a>.</li> <li>Pisani, Donald J. <i>Water and American Government: The Reclamation Bureau, National Water Policy, and the West, 1902-1935</i>, (University of California Press, 2002).</li> <li>Rowley, William D. <i>The Bureau of Reclamation: Origins and Growth to 1945, vol. 1</i>, (US Department of the Interior, 2006).</li></ul> <ul><li>Sneddon, Christopher. <i>Concrete Revolution: Large Dams, Cold War Geopolitics, and the US Bureau of Reclamation</i>, (University of Chicago Press, 2015).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Bureau_of_Reclamation&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:United_States_Bureau_of_Reclamation" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:United States Bureau of Reclamation">United States Bureau of Reclamation</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usbr.gov/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1010548#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="http://video.idahoptv.org/video/2187914639">Bureau that Changed the West</a> Documentary produced by <a href="/wiki/Idaho_Public_Television" title="Idaho Public Television">Idaho Public Television</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/United_States_Deputy_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Deputy Secretary of the Interior">Deputy Secretary of the Interior</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs" title="Bureau of Indian Affairs">Bureau of Indian Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Indian_Education" title="Bureau of Indian Education">Bureau of Indian Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Land_Management" title="Bureau of Land Management">Bureau of Land Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Ocean_Energy_Management" title="Bureau of Ocean Energy Management">Bureau of Ocean Energy Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Safety_and_Environmental_Enforcement" title="Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement">Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bureau of Reclamation</a></li> <li>Bureau of Trust Funds Administration</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Indian_Gaming_Commission" title="National Indian Gaming Commission">National Indian Gaming Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Surface_Mining" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of Surface Mining">Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Fish_and_Wildlife_Service" title="United States Fish and Wildlife Service">United States Fish and Wildlife Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Insular_Affairs" title="Office of Insular Affairs">Office of the Assistant Secretary for Insular and International Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">Office of the Solicitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Natural_Resources_Revenue" title="Office of Natural Resources Revenue">Office of Natural Resources Revenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Utah_Project_Completion_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Utah Project Completion Act">Central Utah Project Completion Act Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Arts_and_Crafts_Board" title="Indian Arts and Crafts Board">Indian Arts and Crafts Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Invasive_Species_Act" title="National Invasive Species Act">National Invasive Species Council</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Interior.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="252" data-file-height="251" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_government_agencies_involved_in_environmental_science" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_government_agencies_involved_in_environmental_science" title="Template:United States government agencies involved in environmental science"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_government_agencies_involved_in_environmental_science" title="Template talk:United States government agencies involved in environmental science"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_government_agencies_involved_in_environmental_science" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States government agencies involved in environmental science"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_government_agencies_involved_in_environmental_science" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_agencies_in_the_United_States" title="List of federal agencies in the United States">United States government agencies</a> involved in <a href="/wiki/Environmental_science" title="Environmental science">environmental science</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="United States Environmental Protection Agency">Environmental Protection Agency</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/U.S._Global_Change_Research_Program" title="U.S. Global Change Research Program">Global Change Research Program</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">National Aeronautics and Space Administration</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/National_Science_Foundation" title="National Science Foundation">National Science Foundation</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_Institution" title="Smithsonian Institution">Smithsonian Institution</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">Department of the Interior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs" title="Bureau of Indian Affairs">Bureau of Indian Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Land_Management" title="Bureau of Land Management">Bureau of Land Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Ocean_Energy_Management" title="Bureau of Ocean Energy Management">Bureau of Ocean Energy Management</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bureau of Reclamation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Park_Service" title="National Park Service">National Park Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Fish_and_Wildlife_Service" title="United States Fish and Wildlife Service">United States Fish and Wildlife Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Geological_Survey" title="United States Geological Survey">United States Geological Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Insular_Affairs" title="Office of Insular Affairs">Office of the Assistant Secretary for Insular and International Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Surface_Mining" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of Surface Mining">Office of Surface Mining, Reclamation, and Enforcement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Commerce" title="United States Department of Commerce">Department of Commerce</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U.S._National_Geodetic_Survey" title="U.S. National Geodetic Survey">Geodetic Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Marine_Fisheries_Service" title="National Marine Fisheries Service">Marine Fisheries Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Ocean_Service" title="National Ocean Service">Ocean Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Research" title="Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research">Oceanic and Atmospheric Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Weather_Service" title="National Weather Service">Weather Service</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy" title="United States Department of Energy">Department of Energy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Energy_Efficiency_and_Renewable_Energy" title="Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy">Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy</a></li> <li>Office of Environmental Management</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Science" title="Office of Science">Office of Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy_national_laboratories" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Department of Energy national laboratories">National Laboratories and Technology Centers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Agriculture" title="United States Department of Agriculture">Department of Agriculture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_Research_Service" title="Agricultural Research Service">Agricultural Research Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_and_Plant_Health_Inspection_Service" title="Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service">Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farm_Service_Agency" title="Farm Service Agency">Farm Service Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_Nutrition_Service" title="Food and Nutrition Service">Food and Nutrition Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Agricultural_Service" title="Foreign Agricultural Service">Foreign Agricultural Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service" title="Natural Resources Conservation Service">Natural Resources Conservation Service</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Water_and_Climate_Center" title="National Water and Climate Center">National Water and Climate Center</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rural_Utilities_Service" title="Rural Utilities Service">Rural Utilities Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Forest_Service" title="United States Forest Service">Forest Service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Department of Homeland Security">Department of Homeland Security</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DHS_Directorate_for_Science_and_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="DHS Directorate for Science and Technology">Science and Technology Directorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">United States Coast Guard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Health_and_Human_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="Department of Health and Human Services">Department of Health <br />and Human Services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agency_for_Toxic_Substances_and_Disease_Registry" title="Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry">Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention" title="Centers for Disease Control and Prevention">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Environmental_Health_Sciences" title="National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences">National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">Department of Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Research_Laboratory" title="Air Force Research Laboratory">Air Force Research Laboratory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Advanced_Research_Projects_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency">Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Typhoon_Warning_Center" title="Joint Typhoon Warning Center">Joint Typhoon Warning Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Naval_Research" title="Office of Naval Research">Office of Naval Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Research,_Development_and_Engineering_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Army Research, Development and Engineering Command">Combat Capabilities Development Command</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Executive_Office_of_the_President_of_the_United_States" title="Executive Office of the President of the United States">Executive Office of the President</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Domestic_Climate_Policy" title="White House Office of Domestic Climate Policy">Climate Policy Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_on_Clean_Energy_Innovation_and_Implementation" title="White House Office on Clean Energy Innovation and Implementation">Clean Energy Innovation and Implementation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Special_Presidential_Envoy_for_Climate" title="U.S. Special Presidential Envoy for Climate">U.S. Special Presidential Envoy for Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_on_Environmental_Quality" title="Council on Environmental Quality">Council on Environmental Quality</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_Science_Services_Administration" title="Environmental Science Services Administration">Environmental Science Services Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Fish_Commission" title="United States Fish Commission">United States Fish Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_and_Geodetic_Survey" title="United States Coast and Geodetic Survey">United States Coast and Geodetic Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Office_of_Energy_and_Climate_Change_Policy" title="White House Office of Energy and Climate Change Policy">White House Office of Energy and Climate Change Policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1010548#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1010548#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1010548#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000122856529">ISNI</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000404060289">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/128924906">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/117371-6">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80126148">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120662987">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120662987">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35563939">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/139751">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90098694">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=242396">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007599168305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA02187933?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500269183">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/997311">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" 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