Newsletter-Übersicht | heise online

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="de" data-responsive data-consentmanagement > <head> <script>performance.mark('HEAD Anfang');</script> <script> var config = JSON.parse(window.localStorage["akwaConfig-v2"] || '{}') var scheme = config.colorScheme ? config.colorScheme.scheme : 'auto' if (scheme === 'dark' || (scheme === 'auto' && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches)) { document.documentElement.classList.add('dark') } </script> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title> Newsletter-Übersicht | heise online </title>  <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//heise.cloudimg.io"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//cmp.heise.de"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//data-fb7f8b3ae8.heise.de"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//responder.wt.heise.de"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//prophet.heise.de"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//heise.cloudimg.io"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//cmp.heise.de"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//data-fb7f8b3ae8.heise.de"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//responder.wt.heise.de"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//prophet.heise.de"> <script>performance.mark('CSS-Crit Anfang');</script> <style type="text/css" > a-img{box-sizing:border-box;display:block;overflow:hidden;width:100%}a-img *,a-img :after,a-img :before{box-sizing:inherit}a-img[box] img{height:100%;margin:auto;max-height:100%;width:auto}a-img img{height:auto;max-width:100%;width:100%}@supports not (aspect-ratio:1/1){a-img{height:0;padding-top:calc(var(--aspect-ratio-height, 9)/var(--aspect-ratio-width, 16)*100%);position:relative;will-change:padding}a-img img{left:0;position:absolute;top:0}}</style> <script> performance.mark('CSS-Crit Ende'); performance.measure('CSS-Crit', 'CSS-Crit Anfang', 'CSS-Crit Ende'); </script> <link as="font" crossorigin href="/assets/fonts/v1/source-sans-variable/ss3vf.woff2" rel="preload" type="font/woff2" > <link as="image" href="/icons/common-icons.svg" rel="preload" > <link as="style" href="/assets/styles/index.css?.ltc.d15e4ccee99af191ff58" rel="preload" > <script>performance.mark('JS-Inline Anfang');</script> <script>!function(e){var t={};function o(n){if(t[n])return t[n].exports;var i=t[n]={i:n,l:!1,exports:{}};return e[n].call(i.exports,i,i.exports,o),i.l=!0,i.exports}o.m=e,o.c=t,o.d=function(e,t,n){o.o(e,t)||Object.defineProperty(e,t,{configurable:!1,enumerable:!0,get:n})},o.n=function(e){var t=e&&e.__esModule?function(){return e.default}:function(){return e};return o.d(t,"a",t),t},o.o=function(e,t){return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t)},o.p="/assets/heise/",o(o.s=474)}({342:function(e,t,o){"use strict";(function(t){var o=function(){function e(e,t){for(var o=0;o<t.length;o++){var n=t[o];n.enumerable=n.enumerable||!1,n.configurable=!0,"value"in n&&(n.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(e,n.key,n)}}return function(t,o,n){return o&&e(t.prototype,o),n&&e(t,n),t}}();e.exports=function(){function e(){!function(e,t){if(!(e instanceof t))throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function")}(this,e),this.desktopUserAgents=/(Macintosh|X11|Windows NT|iPad|Tablet|Nexus 10|KF.*Silk)/i}return o(e,[{key:"forceDesktop",value:function(){return 1===parseInt(this.store.mobile_detect_force_desktop)}},{key:"forceMobile",value:function(){return 1===parseInt(this.store.mobile_detect_force_mobile)}},{key:"isDesktop",value:function(){return!/Windows Phone 10/.test(this.userAgent)&&(this.portraitWidth>640||!(!this.desktopUserAgents.test(this.userAgent)||/(ZuneWP7|Mobile Safari)/.test(this.userAgent)))}},{key:"isMobile",value:function(){return!!/Windows Phone 10/.test(this.userAgent)||!(this.portraitWidth>640)&&(!!/(Android|Phone|Mobile|iPod|ZuneWP7|NokiaN97)/i.test(this.userAgent)||!this.desktopUserAgents.test(this.userAgent))}},{key:"persistForce",value:function(){var e=t.window.document.location;"mobile_detect_force_desktop"===e.hash.slice(1)?(this.store.mobile_detect_force_desktop=1,this.store.mobile_detect_force_mobile=0):"unset_mobile_detect_force_desktop"===e.hash.slice(1)&&(this.store.mobile_detect_force_desktop=0),"mobile_detect_force_mobile"===e.hash.slice(1)?(this.store.mobile_detect_force_mobile=1,this.store.mobile_detect_force_desktop=0):"unset_mobile_detect_force_mobile"===e.hash.slice(1)&&(this.store.mobile_detect_force_mobile=0)}},{key:"userAgent",get:function(){return t.window.navigator.userAgent}},{key:"width",get:function(){return t.window.screen.width}},{key:"height",get:function(){return t.window.screen.height}},{key:"portraitWidth",get:function(){return Math.min(this.width,this.height)}},{key:"store",get:function(){return t.window.localStorage}}]),e}()}).call(t,o(43))},43:function(e,t,o){"use strict";var n,i="function"==typeof Symbol&&"symbol"==typeof Symbol.iterator?function(e){return typeof e}:function(e){return e&&"function"==typeof Symbol&&e.constructor===Symbol&&e!==Symbol.prototype?"symbol":typeof e};n=function(){return this}();try{n=n||Function("return this")()||(0,eval)("this")}catch(e){"object"===("undefined"==typeof window?"undefined":i(window))&&(n=window)}e.exports=n},474:function(e,t,o){"use strict";var n=function(e){return e&&e.__esModule?e:{default:e}}(o(475));document.documentElement.setAttribute("data-device",n.default)},475:function(e,t,o){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(t,"__esModule",{value:!0});var n=new(function(e){return e&&e.__esModule?e:{default:e}}(o(342)).default),i="desktop",r=window.matchMedia("(max-width: 768px)").matches,s=document.querySelector("html[data-responsive]");(n.isMobile()||r&&s)&&(i="mobile"),t.default=i}});</script> <script>performance.mark('JS-Kamel Anfang');</script> <script id="kameleoon-js"> var ls = JSON.parse(window.localStorage.getItem('akwaConfig-v2')) if (ls.consent && ls.consent[820]) { (function(){var a=1000;window.kameleoonQueue=window.kameleoonQueue||[];window.kameleoonStartLoadTime=new Date().getTime();if(!document.getElementById("kameleoonLoadingStyleSheet")&&!window.kameleoonDisplayPageTimeOut){var b=document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];var c="* { visibility: hidden !important; background-image: none !important; }";var d=document.createElement("style");d.type="text/css";d.id="kameleoonLoadingStyleSheet";if(d.styleSheet){d.styleSheet.cssText=c}else{d.appendChild(document.createTextNode(c))}b.parentNode.insertBefore(d,b);window.kameleoonDisplayPage=function(e){if(!e){window.kameleoonTimeout=true}if(d.parentNode){d.parentNode.removeChild(d)}};window.kameleoonDisplayPageTimeOut=window.setTimeout(window.kameleoonDisplayPage,a)}; window.kameleoonIframeURL="https://www.heise.de/kameleoon-iframe.html";var f=document.createElement("a");window.kameleoonLightIframe=false;f.href=window.kameleoonIframeURL;window.kameleoonIframeOrigin=f.origin||(f.protocol+"//"+f.hostname);if(location.href.indexOf(window.kameleoonIframeOrigin)!=0){window.kameleoonLightIframe=true;var g=function(event){if(window.kameleoonIframeOrigin==event.origin&&event.data.slice&&event.data.slice(0,9)=="Kameleoon"){window.removeEventListener("message",g);window.kameleoonExternalIFrameLoaded=true;if(window.Kameleoon){eval(event.data);Kameleoon.Analyst.load()}else{window.kameleoonExternalIFrameLoadedData=event.data}}};if(window.addEventListener){window.addEventListener("message",g,false)}var h=document.createElement("iframe");h.src=kameleoonIframeURL;h.id="kameleoonExternalIframe";h.style="float: left !important; opacity: 0.0 !important; width: 0px !important; height: 0px !important;";document.head.appendChild(h)};})(); var kameleoonScript = document.createElement('script'); kameleoonScript.async = true; kameleoonScript.src = '//yxsu5ufd2m.kameleoon.eu/kameleoon.js'; document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(kameleoonScript); } </script> <script> performance.mark('JS-Kamel Ende'); performance.measure('JS-Kamel', 'JS-Kamel Anfang', 'JS-Kamel Ende'); </script> <script>performance.mark('JS-Cmp Anfang');</script> <script>function _typeof(t){return(_typeof="function"==typeof Symbol&&"symbol"==typeof Symbol.iterator?function(t){return typeof t}:function(t){return t&&"function"==typeof Symbol&&t.constructor===Symbol&&t!==Symbol.prototype?"symbol":typeof t})(t)}!function(){for(var t,e,o=[],n=window,r=n;r;){try{if(r.frames.__tcfapiLocator){t=r;break}}catch(t){}if(r===n.top)break;r=n.parent}t||(function t(){var e=n.document,o=!!n.frames.__tcfapiLocator;if(!o)if(e.body){var r=e.createElement("iframe");r.style.cssText="display:none",r.name="__tcfapiLocator",e.body.appendChild(r)}else setTimeout(t,5);return!o}(),n.__tcfapi=function(){for(var t=arguments.length,n=new Array(t),r=0;r<t;r++)n[r]=arguments[r];if(!n.length)return o;"setGdprApplies"===n[0]?n.length>3&&2===parseInt(n[1],10)&&"boolean"==typeof n[3]&&(e=n[3],"function"==typeof n[2]&&n[2]("set",!0)):"ping"===n[0]?"function"==typeof n[2]&&n[2]({gdprApplies:e,cmpLoaded:!1,cmpStatus:"stub"}):o.push(n)},n.addEventListener("message",(function(t){var e="string"==typeof t.data,o={};if(e)try{o=JSON.parse(t.data)}catch(t){}else o=t.data;var n="object"===_typeof(o)?o.__tcfapiCall:null;n&&window.__tcfapi(n.command,n.version,(function(o,r){var a={__tcfapiReturn:{returnValue:o,success:r,callId:n.callId}};t&&t.source&&t.source.postMessage&&t.source.postMessage(e?JSON.stringify(a):a,"*")}),n.parameter)}),!1))}();</script> <script> window._sp_queue = []; window._sp_ = { config: { accountId: 1603, baseEndpoint: 'https://cmp.heise.de', propertyId: 14602, gdpr: { }, events: { onMessageChoiceSelect: function() { console.log('[event] onMessageChoiceSelect', arguments); }, onMessageReady: function() { console.log('[event] onMessageReady', arguments); }, onMessageChoiceError: function() { console.log('[event] onMessageChoiceError', arguments); }, onPrivacyManagerAction: function() { console.log('[event] onPrivacyManagerAction', arguments); }, onPMCancel: function() { console.log('[event] onPMCancel', arguments); }, onMessageReceiveData: function() { console.log('[event] onMessageReceiveData', arguments); }, onSPPMObjectReady: function() { console.log('[event] onSPPMObjectReady', arguments); }, onConsentReady: function (consentUUID, euconsent) { console.log('[event] onConsentReady', arguments); }, onError: function() { console.log('[event] onError', arguments); }, } } } </script> <script src='https://cmp.heise.de/unified/wrapperMessagingWithoutDetection.js' async></script> <script> performance.mark('JS-Cmp Ende'); performance.measure('JS-Cmp', 'JS-Cmp Anfang', 'JS-Cmp Ende'); </script> <script type="application/json" data-akwa-config> { "channel": "ho", "contentId": "16", "isHeisePlus": false, "upscore": { "recommendations": { "config": { "config": { "reco_key": "FCD54E2B52", "template_selector": { "item_free": "#upscore-reco-template-free", "item_premium": "#upscore-reco-template-premium", "wrapper": "#upscore-reco-template-wrapper-article" } } } } }, "clickPerformance": { "keywords": [], "pagetype": "Sonstige" , "language": "de" } } </script> <script> performance.mark('JS-Inline Ende'); performance.measure('JS-Inline', 'JS-Inline Anfang', 'JS-Inline Ende'); </script> <script>performance.mark('CSS Anfang');</script> <link href="/assets/akwa/v24/css/akwa.css?.ltc.265130057e079c6d70fe" media="print" onload="this.media='all';this.onload='null'" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" > <noscript> <link href="/assets/akwa/v24/css/akwa.css?.ltc.265130057e079c6d70fe" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" > </noscript> <noscript> </noscript> <link href="/assets/styles/index.css?.ltc.d15e4ccee99af191ff58" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" > <link href="/assets/heise/ho/css/ho.css?.ltc.1dfd71ffa25c7c64520b" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" > <noscript> </noscript> <script> performance.mark('CSS Ende'); performance.measure('CSS', 'CSS Anfang', 'CSS Ende'); </script> <script>performance.mark('JS Anfang');</script> <script defer src="/assets/akwa/v24/js/akwa.js?.ltc.d47e8698fe42c129fc6e"></script> <script defer src="/assets/heise/ho/js/ho.js?.ltc.36b262355a47af75e397" ></script> <script> performance.mark('JS Ende'); performance.measure('JS', 'JS Anfang', 'JS Ende'); </script> <script>performance.mark('Meta Anfang');</script> <link rel="author" title="Kontakt" href="mailto:kontakt%40heise.de?subject=heise%20online"> <link rel="search" title="Suche" href="https://www.heise.de/suche/"> <link href="/icons/ho/touch-icons/manifest.json" rel="manifest" > <link color="#323232" href="/icons/ho/touch-icons/safari-pinned-tab.svg" rel="mask-icon" > <link href="/icons/ho/touch-icons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" > <link href="https://www.heise.de/rss/heise-atom.xml" rel="alternate" title="Aktuelle News von heise online" type="application/atom+xml" > <link href="https://www.heise.de/rss/heise.rdf" rel="alternate" title="Aktuelle News von heise online (für ältere RSS-Reader)" type="application/rss+xml" > <link href="/favicon.ico?v=JykvN0w9Yf" rel="icon" > <link href="/icons/ho/favicon/favicon-32x32.png" rel="icon" sizes="32x32" type="image/png" > <link href="/icons/ho/favicon/favicon-16x16.png" rel="icon" sizes="16x16" type="image/png" > <link href="/icons/ho/favicon/favicon.svg" rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" > <meta content="heise online" name="application-name" > <meta content="heise online" name="msapplication-tooltip" > <meta content="https://www.heise.de" name="msapplication-starturl" > <meta content="#323232" name="msapplication-TileColor" > <meta content="/icons/ho/touch-icons/mstile-144x144.png" name="msapplication-TileImage" > <meta content="/icons/ho/touch-icons/browserconfig.xml" name="msapplication-config" > <meta content="#ffffff" name="theme-color" > <meta content="heise online" name="DC.creator" > <meta content="app-id=333214314" name="apple-itunes-app" > <meta name="publisher" content="Heise Medien"> <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="ie=edge"> <meta property="article:content_tier" content="free"> <meta property="article:opinion" content="false"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="description" content="News und Foren zu Computer, IT, Wissenschaft, Medien und Politik. Preisvergleich von Hardware und Software sowie Downloads bei Heise Medien."> <meta property="fb:pages" content="333992367317"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://heise.cloudimg.io/bound/1200x1200/q85.png-lossy-85.webp-lossy-85.foil1/_www-heise-de_/icons/ho/opengraph/opengraph.png"> <meta property="og:locale" content="de_DE"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="heise online"> <meta property="og:title" content="Newsletter-Übersicht"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.heise.de/newsletter/"> <meta property="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta property="twitter:image" content="https://heise.cloudimg.io/bound/1200x1200/q85.png-lossy-85.webp-lossy-85.foil1/_www-heise-de_/icons/ho/opengraph/opengraph.png"> <meta property="twitter:site" content="@heiseonline"> <meta property="twitter:title" content="Newsletter-Übersicht"> <link rel="home" type="text/html" title="Startseite" href="/"> <link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="/impressum.html"> <meta name="generator" content="InterRed V24.2.9, http://www.interred.de/, InterRed GmbH" /> <meta data-embetty-server="https://api.heise.de/svc/embetty"> <link rel="me" href="https://social.heise.de/@heiseonline"> <script> performance.mark('Meta Ende'); performance.measure('Meta', 'Meta Anfang', 'Meta Ende'); </script> <style type="text/css"> @media screen and (min-width: 768px) { a-collapse .header__content { height: auto !important; } a-menu:not([disabled]) [data-collapse-target]:not([is-open]) { height: 0; overflow: hidden; } .perf-cls-reduc-leaderboard { min-height: 90px; } .perf-cls-reduc-rectangle { min-height: 350px; margin-bottom: 3rem; } } a-pur-indicator { display: block; border-top-width: 5px; border-top-style: solid; } a-pur-indicator .close { display: none; } a-pur-indicator:not([disabled]) [data-collapse-target]:not([is-open]) { height: 0; } .a-login__link:link { color: var(--akwa-link-color); text-decoration: none; } body { overflow-y: scroll; } @media screen and (max-width: 767px) { a-collapse:not([disabled]) [data-collapse-target]:not([is-open]) { height: 0; overflow: hidden; } } .inread-cls-reduc:has(.ad) { min-height: 230px; } @media screen and (max-width: 767px) { .incontent3-cls-reduc:has(.ad) { min-height: 300px; } } @media screen and (min-width: 768px) { .inread-cls-reduc:has(.ad) { min-height: 350px; } } @media screen and (min-width: 992px) { #wtma_teaser_ho_vertrieb_mini_1 { min-height: 500px; } } .legacy-img { max-width: 100%; width: 100%; height: auto; } .article-image { display: block; margin-bottom: 1.5rem; } a-paid-content-teaser { display: none; } </style> <script> performance.mark('HEAD Ende'); performance.measure('HEAD', 'HEAD Anfang', 'HEAD Ende'); </script> </head> <body class="ho a-theme a-theme--ho" data-mapp-branding="HEISE_ONLINE" data-ad-unit="/6514/www.heise.de/newsticker/newsticker-general" > <script>performance.mark('BODY Anfang');</script> <a-android-native-app-prompt></a-android-native-app-prompt> <a-analytics type="webtrekk"> <script type="application/json"> {"options":{},"vars":{"contentGroup":{"1":"www.heise.de","10":"index","2":"newsletter","3":"index","9":"index"},"contentId":"www.heise.de.newsletter.index","customEcommerceParameter":{},"customParameter":{"1":"1\/1","17":"undefiniert","26":"v5"},"launchLiveaccount":"1","tiDomain":"responder.wt.heise.de","tiId":"288689636920174"}} </script> </a-analytics> <a-analytics type="infonline-base"> <script type="application/json"> { "vars": { "cp":"unt_komm", "co":"%2Fnewsletter%2F", "dg": true }, "options": { "disableSurvey": false } } </script> </a-analytics> <a-analytics type="upscore"> <script type="application/json"> { "options": { "enableRecommendations": true, "enablePaywall": true }, "vars": { "config": { "article": "", "track_positions": true }, "data": { "section": "heise online", "object_id": "4310130", "pubdate": "", "object_type": "landingpage", "content_type":0} } } </script> </a-analytics> <script> (window.__ba = window.__ba || {}).publisher = window.__ba.publisher || {}; window.__ba.publisher.section = "rotation"; window.__ba.publisher.keywords = ""; </script> <a-script src="https://www.heise.de/assets/ad/adlib.js" needs-consent name='["GoogleAdvertisingProduct", "Stroer", "DoubleVerify"]' event-after-loading="__baCMPReady" ></a-script> <a-click-performance></a-click-performance> <a-script src="/js/ho/mbmedien-reporting.js" needs-consent name="Mbmedien" ></a-script> <div class=" topnavigation " > <header role="banner" class="topnavigation__header"> <div class="topnavigation__content"> <div class="topnavigation__logo"> <a href="/" title="heise online" name="topnavi.ho.news" data-google-interstitial=false class="topnavigation__logo-link topnavigation__item"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 1504 214" role="img" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" class="heise-online-logo topnavigation__heiseonline-logo" > <style> .heise-online-logo-svg-path-online { fill: #6f7d93; } .heise-online-logo-svg-path-heise { fill: #14315b; } .dark .heise-online-logo-svg-path-online, .dark .heise-online-logo-svg-path-heise { fill: #f2f2f2; } </style> <title>heise online Logo</title> <path class="heise-online-logo-svg-path-online" d="M869.84 139.56c0-43.75 29.74-69 62.47-69s62.47 25.25 62.47 69-29.74 68.79-62.47 68.79-62.47-25.25-62.47-68.79m93.29 0c0-26.32-11.55-43.86-30.81-43.86s-30.81 17.54-30.81 43.86 11.55 43.65 30.81 43.65 30.81-17.33 30.81-43.65m49.9-65.79h25.25l2.35 17.76h.86c11.77-11.45 25.14-20.97 43.11-20.97 28.13 0 40.44 19.04 40.44 52.2v82.37h-30.81v-78.41c0-21.61-6.2-29.74-20.43-29.74-11.55 0-19.15 5.67-29.95 16.37v91.78h-30.81V73.77Zm135.54 97.56V16.22h30.81v156.72c0 7.6 3.42 10.27 6.63 10.27 1.39 0 2.46 0 4.81-.54l3.85 23c-3.74 1.5-8.88 2.67-16.26 2.67-21.82 0-29.85-14.12-29.85-37.01Zm52.93-138c0-10.38 8.13-17.44 19.04-17.44s19.04 7.06 19.04 17.44-8.13 17.44-19.04 17.44-19.04-7.27-19.04-17.44m3.53 40.44h30.81v131.37h-30.81zm54.66 0h25.25l2.35 17.76h.86c11.77-11.45 25.14-20.97 43.11-20.97 28.13 0 40.44 19.04 40.44 52.2v82.37h-30.81v-78.41c0-21.61-6.2-29.74-20.43-29.74-11.55 0-19.15 5.67-29.95 16.37v91.78h-30.81V73.77Zm129.52 65.79c0-42.68 29.63-69 60.55-69 35.52 0 54.24 25.67 54.24 62.37 0 5.88-.64 11.77-1.34 14.98h-83.39c2.57 23.32 17.54 36.59 38.73 36.59 11.23 0 20.86-3.53 30.49-9.52l10.48 19.15c-12.52 8.45-28.35 14.23-45.04 14.23-36.26 0-64.72-25.46-64.72-68.79Zm88.15-12.62c0-20.22-8.99-32.52-26.96-32.52-15.3 0-28.78 11.45-31.45 32.52z"/><path class="heise-online-logo-svg-path-heise" d="M258.47 15.22h30.81v48.89L288 89.46c11.02-10.38 24.07-19.9 42.04-19.9 28.13 0 40.44 19.04 40.44 52.2v82.37h-30.81v-78.41c0-21.61-6.2-29.74-20.43-29.74-11.55 0-19.15 5.67-29.95 16.37v91.78h-30.81V15.22Zm129.58 123.34c0-42.68 29.63-69 60.55-69 35.52 0 54.24 25.67 54.24 62.37 0 5.88-.64 11.77-1.34 14.98h-83.39c2.57 23.32 17.54 36.59 38.73 36.59 11.23 0 20.86-3.53 30.49-9.52l10.48 19.15c-12.52 8.45-28.35 14.23-45.04 14.23-36.26 0-64.72-25.46-64.72-68.79Zm88.14-12.62c0-20.22-8.99-32.52-26.96-32.52-15.3 0-28.78 11.45-31.45 32.52zm41.46-93.6c0-10.38 8.13-17.44 19.04-17.44s19.04 7.06 19.04 17.44-8.13 17.44-19.04 17.44-19.04-7.27-19.04-17.44m3.53 40.43h30.81v131.37h-30.81zm44.04 116.29 14.33-19.58c11.66 9.09 22.95 14.66 36.26 14.66 14.33 0 21.07-6.74 21.07-15.72 0-11.02-14.23-15.94-28.24-21.29-17.22-6.47-36.91-16.37-36.91-38.3s18.4-39.26 47.82-39.26c18.29 0 32.95 7.43 43.65 15.73l-14.12 18.93c-9.2-6.74-18.45-11.45-28.78-11.45-13.21 0-19.47 6.31-19.47 14.55 0 10.38 13.27 14.33 27.49 19.58 17.76 6.63 37.65 15.19 37.65 39.69 0 22.57-17.86 40.76-51.03 40.76-17.97 0-36.91-7.7-49.74-18.29Zm111.39-50.5c0-42.68 29.63-69 60.55-69 35.52 0 54.24 25.67 54.24 62.37 0 5.88-.64 11.77-1.34 14.98h-83.39c2.57 23.32 17.54 36.59 38.73 36.59 11.23 0 20.86-3.53 30.49-9.52l10.48 19.15c-12.52 8.45-28.35 14.23-45.04 14.23-36.26 0-64.72-25.46-64.72-68.79Zm88.15-12.62c0-20.22-8.99-32.52-26.96-32.52-15.3 0-28.78 11.45-31.45 32.52zM114.88 2.89c15.41 7.19 22.08 25.51 14.89 40.92l-71.06 152.4c-7.19 15.41-25.51 22.08-40.92 14.9C2.38 203.92-4.29 185.6 2.9 170.18L73.95 17.79C81.14 2.38 99.46-4.29 114.88 2.9m49.2 97.26c-15.41-7.18-33.73-.52-40.92 14.9l-25.7 55.12c-7.19 15.41-.52 33.74 14.89 40.93s33.73.52 40.92-14.89l25.71-55.12c7.19-15.42.52-33.74-14.9-40.93"/> </svg> </a> <a href="/api/accountservice/subscribe/plus?affiliateId=32501_HP000028_21806_3_57&wt_mc=intern.abo.plus.hp_nk.navilink.desktop1.desktop1" class="abo-link " data-google-interstitial=false > <span class="abo-link"> heise+ gratis testen </span> </a> </div> <div class="topnavigation__actions"> <section class=" topnavigation-login topnavigation__item topnavigation__item " > <svg class="topnavigation-login__icon"> <use href="/icons/common-icons.svg#login"></use> </svg> <a-login label="" class="topnavigation-login__link" > <a href="/sso/login/" class="a-login__link a-login__link--sso" rel="nofollow">Anmelden</a> </a-login> </section> <form accept-charset="utf-8" method="get" action="/suche/" class="topnavigation-search" role="search" id="heisetopnavi_search" rel="nofollow" > <fieldset class="topnavigation-search__container"> <input type="text" class="topnavigation-search__input" value="" name="q" placeholder="Suchen" data-autocomplete="true" autocomplete="on" spellcheck="false" data-searchpath="/suche/" role="textbox" aria-autocomplete="list" aria-label="Suchen" > <input type="hidden" name="sort_by" value="date" > <button class="topnavigation-search__button" type="submit" aria-label="suchen" > <svg class="topnavigation-search__search-icon"> <use href="/icons/common-icons.svg#search"></use> </svg> </button> <input type="hidden" class="search_hidden" value="search" name="rm" > </fieldset> </form> <a href="#topnavigation__sub" class=" topnavigation-menu js-topnavigation-menu topnavigation-menu " aria-controls="topnavigation__sub" > <svg class="topnavigation-menu__icon js-topnavigation-menu__icon"> <use href="/icons/common-icons.svg#menu"></use> </svg> </a> </div> </div> <div id="topnavigation__sub" class="topnavigation__sub js-topnavigation__sub" > <div class="magazine-nav a-u-mb-3"> <ul class="magazine-nav__items a-u-remove-list-style"> <li class=" magazine-nav__item magazine-nav__item--ct a-theme a-theme--ct " > <a href="/ct/" title="c't – Magazin für Computertechnik" name="topnavi.ho.magazine-nav.ct" data-google-interstitial=false class="magazine-nav__link magazine-nav__link--ct" > <svg preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 500 370" class="ct-logo magazin-nav__svg" > <title>c't Magazin Logo</title> <path d="M329,0H429.54L406.65,93.08H500L477.72,183.7H384.29l-10.5,42.73s-3.22,10.79-2.08,17.61a26.5,26.5,0,0,0,5.07,12.62c3.63,5.13,6.81,7.56,12.56,10.09,5.46,2.39,15.07,2.51,15.07,2.51h73L452.6,370h-76c-66.62.67-108.38-45.12-108.38-101.55,0-12.32,3.53-32,11-66.06L284,183,329,0ZM231.46,0,211.65,80.56h42.5L228.78,183.7h43L317,0Zm-57.8,93.08C75.55,92.93,0,188.15,0,268.08,0,324.52,41.32,371.47,108.08,370H211.86l24.76-100.71H130.27c-21.92-.12-28.59-22.21-28.59-35.61,0-23.49,26.37-49.88,51.77-49.95H216.8l22.28-90.62Z" fill="#2288c6"/> </svg> <span class="magazine-nav__title"> c't – Magazin für Computertechnik </span> </a> </li> <li class=" magazine-nav__item magazine-nav__item--ix a-theme a-theme--ix " > <a href="/ix/" title="iX – Magazin für professionelle Informationstechnik" name="topnavi.ho.magazine-nav.ix" data-google-interstitial=false class="magazine-nav__link magazine-nav__link--ix" > <svg preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 600 610" class="ix-logo magazin-nav__svg" > <title>iX Magazin Logo</title> <path d="M238.41,610h-139L346.17,248.34,294.41,69.72H421.75l12.81,45.67,31.26-45.67H600L475.16,252.6l70.42,242.66H418.23L387.41,385.48Zm-100-20.61h89.17L395.36,337.6l38.47,137h84.33L452.68,249,561,90.34H476.67l-50,73.08-20.5-73.08H321.82l46.83,161.6Zm-2.07-95.46H0L186.69,220.48H323ZM39,473.31h86.47L284,241.1h-86.4ZM260.28,183.12A91.56,91.56,0,1,1,323,25l2,1.89L306.87,46.13l-2-1.88a65,65,0,1,0-21.15,108l2.56-1L295.83,176l-2.56,1A91,91,0,0,1,260.28,183.12Z" fill="#4c5c64"/> </svg> <span class="magazine-nav__title"> iX – Magazin für professionelle Informationstechnik </span> </a> </li> <li class=" magazine-nav__item magazine-nav__item--foto a-theme a-theme--foto " > <a href="/foto/" title="c't Fotografie - Das Magazin rund ums digitale Bild" name="topnavi.ho.magazine-nav.foto" data-google-interstitial=false class="magazine-nav__link magazine-nav__link--foto" > <svg preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 300 140" class="foto-logo magazin-nav__svg" > <title>c't Fotografie Logo</title> <path fill="#0a0a0a" d="M2 75.8h28.95v4.36H6.79v16.01h17.52v4.36H6.79v21.58H2zm27.75 29.53c0-2.57.44-4.93 1.31-7.08s2.08-4.02 3.63-5.59 3.41-2.8 5.59-3.67 4.55-1.31 7.12-1.31 4.93.44 7.08 1.31 4.02 2.1 5.59 3.67 2.8 3.44 3.67 5.59c.87 2.16 1.31 4.52 1.31 7.08s-.44 4.93-1.31 7.08c-.87 2.16-2.1 4.02-3.67 5.59s-3.44 2.8-5.59 3.67c-2.16.87-4.52 1.31-7.08 1.31s-4.94-.44-7.12-1.31-4.04-2.09-5.59-3.67c-1.55-1.57-2.76-3.44-3.63-5.59s-1.31-4.52-1.31-7.08m4.36 0c0 1.89.3 3.67.91 5.34s1.49 3.12 2.65 4.36c1.16 1.23 2.57 2.22 4.21 2.94 1.65.73 3.49 1.09 5.52 1.09s3.87-.36 5.52-1.09 3.05-1.71 4.21-2.94 2.05-2.69 2.65-4.36c.61-1.67.91-3.45.91-5.34s-.3-3.67-.91-5.34-1.49-3.12-2.65-4.36c-1.16-1.23-2.57-2.22-4.21-2.94-1.65-.73-3.49-1.09-5.52-1.09s-3.88.36-5.52 1.09c-1.65.73-3.05 1.71-4.21 2.94s-2.05 2.69-2.65 4.36c-.61 1.67-.91 3.45-.91 5.34m52.63-12.86h-8.96v21.87c0 1.5.41 2.66 1.23 3.49.82.82 1.96 1.23 3.41 1.23.82 0 1.66-.11 2.51-.33q1.275-.33 2.43-.84l.36 3.92c-.82.29-1.77.56-2.83.8-1.07.24-2.01.36-2.83.36-1.55 0-2.88-.23-4-.69-1.11-.46-2.01-1.08-2.69-1.85s-1.17-1.68-1.49-2.72-.47-2.17-.47-3.38V92.46h-6.64v-3.92h6.64V75.8h4.36v12.74h8.96v3.92Zm2.75 12.86c0-2.57.44-4.93 1.31-7.08s2.08-4.02 3.63-5.59 3.41-2.8 5.59-3.67 4.55-1.31 7.12-1.31 4.93.44 7.08 1.31 4.02 2.1 5.59 3.67 2.8 3.44 3.67 5.59c.87 2.16 1.31 4.52 1.31 7.08s-.44 4.93-1.31 7.08c-.87 2.16-2.1 4.02-3.67 5.59s-3.44 2.8-5.59 3.67c-2.16.87-4.52 1.31-7.08 1.31s-4.94-.44-7.12-1.31-4.04-2.09-5.59-3.67c-1.55-1.57-2.76-3.44-3.63-5.59s-1.31-4.52-1.31-7.08m4.35 0c0 1.89.3 3.67.91 5.34s1.49 3.12 2.65 4.36c1.16 1.23 2.57 2.22 4.21 2.94 1.65.73 3.49 1.09 5.52 1.09s3.87-.36 5.52-1.09 3.05-1.71 4.21-2.94 2.05-2.69 2.65-4.36.91-3.45.91-5.34-.3-3.67-.91-5.34-1.49-3.12-2.65-4.36c-1.16-1.23-2.57-2.22-4.21-2.94-1.65-.73-3.49-1.09-5.52-1.09s-3.88.36-5.52 1.09c-1.65.73-3.05 1.71-4.21 2.94s-2.05 2.69-2.65 4.36c-.61 1.67-.91 3.45-.91 5.34m72.1 13.45c0 4.18-.61 7.56-1.82 10.13-1.21 2.58-2.72 4.57-4.54 5.98s-3.77 2.36-5.85 2.84c-2.08.49-3.97.73-5.67.73s-3.35-.16-4.98-.47a23.7 23.7 0 0 1-4.61-1.39q-2.175-.915-3.96-2.22c-1.19-.87-2.22-1.87-3.09-2.99l3.41-3.21c1.55 2.19 3.49 3.79 5.81 4.81q3.48 1.53 7.41 1.53c2.23 0 4.1-.29 5.63-.87s2.78-1.35 3.78-2.3c.99-.95 1.77-1.99 2.32-3.13.56-1.14.97-2.29 1.23-3.43.27-1.14.42-2.22.47-3.24s.07-1.85.07-2.48v-3.4h-.15c-1.26 2.04-2.97 3.65-5.12 4.81-2.16 1.17-4.69 1.75-7.59 1.75-2.47 0-4.79-.45-6.97-1.35q-3.27-1.35-5.7-3.72a17.8 17.8 0 0 1-3.85-5.5c-.94-2.09-1.42-4.33-1.42-6.71s.47-4.62 1.42-6.71a17.5 17.5 0 0 1 3.85-5.47q2.43-2.325 5.7-3.72c2.18-.92 4.5-1.39 6.97-1.39 2.91 0 5.44.58 7.59 1.75s3.86 2.77 5.12 4.81h.15v-5.69h4.36v30.23Zm-4.22-13.89q0-2.76-1.05-5.19c-.7-1.62-1.65-3.03-2.83-4.21-1.19-1.19-2.59-2.13-4.21-2.83q-2.43-1.05-5.19-1.05c-2.76 0-3.57.35-5.19 1.05s-3.03 1.65-4.21 2.83c-1.19 1.19-2.13 2.59-2.83 4.21q-1.05 2.43-1.05 5.19c0 2.76.35 3.57 1.05 5.19s1.65 3.03 2.83 4.21c1.19 1.19 2.59 2.13 4.21 2.83q2.43 1.05 5.19 1.05c2.76 0 3.57-.35 5.19-1.05s3.03-1.65 4.21-2.83c1.19-1.19 2.13-2.59 2.83-4.21q1.05-2.43 1.05-5.19m13.36-6.9c0-.63-.03-1.39-.07-2.29-.05-.9-.09-1.8-.11-2.72-.03-.92-.06-1.78-.11-2.58s-.07-1.42-.07-1.85h4.36c.05 1.26.08 2.47.11 3.63q.03 1.74.18 2.25c1.11-1.99 2.54-3.61 4.29-4.87q2.61-1.89 6.39-1.89c.44 0 .86.04 1.27.11s.84.16 1.27.25l-.51 4.29c-.58-.19-1.14-.29-1.67-.29-1.89 0-3.52.3-4.9.91s-2.52 1.44-3.41 2.51c-.9 1.07-1.56 2.31-2 3.74s-.65 2.97-.65 4.61v18.31h-4.36V97.99Zm48.04 10.03c0 1.65.01 3.12.04 4.43a122 122 0 0 0 .29 6.75q.105 1.455.33 2.91h-4.07c-.29-1.65-.44-3.46-.44-5.45h-.15c-1.26 2.18-2.82 3.78-4.69 4.79q-2.805 1.53-7.08 1.53c-1.45 0-2.88-.18-4.29-.55-1.41-.36-2.66-.94-3.78-1.74a9.35 9.35 0 0 1-2.72-3.09c-.7-1.26-1.05-2.78-1.05-4.58 0-2.57.65-4.6 1.96-6.1s2.92-2.63 4.83-3.38 3.95-1.23 6.1-1.45 4.06-.33 5.7-.33h5.09v-2.03c0-2.91-.9-4.99-2.69-6.25s-4.04-1.89-6.76-1.89c-3.88 0-7.29 1.26-10.24 3.78l-2.54-2.98c1.6-1.55 3.58-2.72 5.96-3.52 2.37-.8 4.65-1.2 6.83-1.2 4.07 0 7.31.96 9.73 2.87s3.63 5 3.63 9.26v8.21Zm-8.72-2.76q-2.76 0-5.34.36t-4.65 1.23c-2.07.87-2.48 1.36-3.31 2.32q-1.23 1.455-1.23 3.63c0 1.02.23 1.93.69 2.72.46.8 1.05 1.45 1.78 1.96s1.54.9 2.43 1.16c.9.27 1.8.4 2.72.4 2.32 0 4.24-.34 5.74-1.02s2.7-1.56 3.6-2.65a9.14 9.14 0 0 0 1.85-3.71c.34-1.38.51-2.77.51-4.18v-2.25h-4.79Zm19.85-12.79h-6.36v-3.92h6.36v-5.14c0-2.18.33-3.98.98-5.41q.975-2.145 2.43-3.45c.97-.87 2.05-1.49 3.23-1.85 1.19-.36 2.31-.54 3.38-.54q3.045 0 5.01.87l-.87 3.78c-.97-.48-2.28-.73-3.92-.73q-5.88 0-5.88 8.94v3.54h8.46v3.92h-8.46v29.64h-4.36V92.48Zm18.54-13.71c0-.92.31-1.69.94-2.32s1.4-.94 2.32-.94 1.69.32 2.32.94c.63.63.94 1.41.94 2.32s-.32 1.7-.94 2.32c-.63.63-1.41.94-2.32.94s-1.7-.31-2.32-.94c-.63-.63-.94-1.4-.94-2.32m1.09 9.79h4.36v33.56h-4.36zm43.1 27.24c-1.7 2.57-3.79 4.41-6.28 5.52s-5.24 1.67-8.24 1.67c-2.57 0-4.89-.44-6.97-1.31s-3.87-2.09-5.38-3.67c-1.5-1.57-2.65-3.44-3.45-5.59s-1.2-4.54-1.2-7.16.41-4.84 1.24-6.97c.82-2.13 1.99-3.98 3.49-5.56 1.5-1.57 3.27-2.81 5.3-3.7 2.03-.9 4.29-1.34 6.76-1.34s4.83.45 6.79 1.34c1.96.9 3.61 2.08 4.94 3.56s2.34 3.16 3.01 5.05c.68 1.89 1.02 3.8 1.02 5.74v3.05h-28.19c0 .92.18 2.1.55 3.52.36 1.43 1.03 2.82 2 4.18s2.26 2.52 3.89 3.49c1.62.97 3.72 1.45 6.28 1.45 2.23 0 4.38-.53 6.47-1.6 2.08-1.06 3.68-2.52 4.79-4.36l3.2 2.69Zm-3.34-13.29c0-1.5-.3-2.91-.91-4.21-.61-1.31-1.43-2.46-2.47-3.45s-2.28-1.78-3.7-2.36c-1.43-.58-2.94-.87-4.54-.87-2.37 0-4.35.48-5.92 1.45s-2.82 2.08-3.74 3.34-1.57 2.48-1.96 3.67-.58 2-.58 2.43h23.83Z"/><path fill="#c3172e" d="M114.59 2v66.41h69.09V2zm31.36 62.44H133.5c-7.26 0-12.88-4.63-12.88-12.17 0-9.54 9.04-20.92 20.71-20.92h7.83l-2.63 10.82h-7.54c-3.06 0-6.19 3.2-6.19 5.98 0 1.64.78 4.27 3.42 4.27h12.67l-2.92 12.03Zm2.71-22.27 2.99-12.31h-5.76l2.35-9.61h9.54l-5.41 21.92h-3.7Zm28.96 0h-11.1l-1.28 5.12s-.36 1.28-.21 2.13c.36 2.06 1.92 2.99 3.84 2.99h8.75l-2.99 12.03h-9.04c-7.12 0-12.95-4.63-12.95-12.03 0-1.57.43-3.91 1.28-7.97l5.98-24.19h12.03l-2.78 11.1h11.17z"/> </svg> <span class="magazine-nav__title"> c't Fotografie - Das Magazin rund ums digitale Bild </span> </a> </li> <li class=" magazine-nav__item magazine-nav__item--macandi a-theme a-theme--macandi " > <a href="/mac-and-i/" title="Mac & i – Nachrichten, Tests, Tipps und Meinungen rund um Apple" name="topnavi.ho.magazine-nav.macandi" data-google-interstitial=false class="magazine-nav__link magazine-nav__link--macandi" > <svg preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 600 145" class="mac-logo magazin-nav__svg" > <title>Mac an i Logo</title> <path d="M115.67,142.81l8.41-57c2.33-15.42,4.66-29.45,7.1-42.59-6.78,15.58-13.49,30.1-19.25,41.61L84,140.61H59.55l-4.9-55.72c-.89-11-1.75-25.1-2.56-42q-1,4.95-2.07,9.94c-2.56,12.32-5,24-7.2,33.5L29.2,142.81H0L34.41,5.59H75.26l4.3,52.33c.2,3.22.44,6.59.69,10.1.62,8.54,1.3,18,1.59,27.5C87.05,81.44,93.6,67.27,98.27,57.44L123.59,5.59h41.35L146.41,142.81Zm115.07-16c-.07,1.09-.15,2.18-.22,3.25-.28,4-.55,7.77-.67,11.29l0,1.43H259l-.05-1.43c-.41-12.63,1.74-31.88,4-43.57l10.41-52.29-1.18-.37a115.86,115.86,0,0,0-32.73-4.86c-48.93,0-71.21,36-71.21,69.41,0,21.12,12.42,35.3,30.91,35.3C211.76,145,222.84,138.59,230.74,126.84Zm7-61.49L233.67,86.5c-4.61,24.06-14.94,32.59-22.38,32.59-9,0-10.39-9.25-10.39-14.77,0-18.27,13.43-39.51,30.74-39.51A38.56,38.56,0,0,1,237.79,65.35Zm115,74.12.79-.38-.23-24.64-1.88.75a47.9,47.9,0,0,1-18.83,3.89c-8.59,0-17.77-4.93-17.77-18.77C314.85,78,331.2,66,346.58,66a31.81,31.81,0,0,1,12.64,2.28l1.38.58L368.66,44l-1.26-.46A61.37,61.37,0,0,0,347,40.29c-37.07,0-65,27.19-65,63.23,0,25.08,16.67,41.28,42.48,41.28C335.29,144.8,345.88,142.81,352.77,139.47Zm222.05,3.34L593.9,42.49H562.36L543.28,142.81Zm6.84-109.72c10.62,0,18.34-7.38,18.34-17.54,0-9.3-6.41-15.55-16-15.55a17.65,17.65,0,0,0-17.94,17.74c0,9,6.23,15.35,15.15,15.35ZM510,140.52l2,2.29H474.44l-.41-.44a72.72,72.72,0,0,1-5.6-7l-.86-1.17c-10.26,7.29-22,10.83-35.81,10.83-26.17,0-43.07-14.48-43.07-36.89,0-17.69,10.88-31.92,32.36-42.3-4.79-8.23-7-15.42-7-22.53C414,20.16,432.3,3.39,457.5,3.39,478.73,3.39,493,16,493,34.7c0,15.14-10.48,27.18-33,37.82,5,7.75,11.49,16.76,16.31,23.38A88.38,88.38,0,0,0,489,74.78h29.56c-7.19,17.43-15.84,30.6-27.31,41.69A293,293,0,0,0,510,140.52Zm-55.62-25C447,105.82,438.81,94.22,432.2,84c-5.22,4-11.42,10.16-11.42,19.14,0,10.67,7.52,17.57,19.16,17.57A22,22,0,0,0,454.4,115.49ZM464.69,34.9c0-2.39-.71-10.19-9.79-10.19-6.94,0-12.38,6.84-12.38,15.57a25.7,25.7,0,0,0,5,15C455.61,51.41,464.69,44.82,464.69,34.9Z" fill="#2a2521"/> </svg> <span class="magazine-nav__title"> Mac & i – Nachrichten, Tests, Tipps und Meinungen rund um Apple </span> </a> </li> <li class=" magazine-nav__item magazine-nav__item--make a-theme a-theme--make " > <a href="/make/" title="Make – Kreativ mit Technik" name="topnavi.ho.magazine-nav.make" data-google-interstitial=false class="magazine-nav__link magazine-nav__link--make" > <svg preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 600 178" class="make-logo magazin-nav__svg" > <title>Make Logo</title> <path d="M559.08,49.1H600V85.87H559.08Zm0,89.6H600v36.77H559.08ZM430,112.34c0-49.1,37.39-66,63.39-66s58,13,58,70.41v5.76H467.76c1.92,20.91,13.51,28.89,29.33,28.89,14.92,0,28.83-7.37,37.4-15.15L549.2,159c-14.71,12.52-32.86,19-54.93,19C461.41,178,430,161.13,430,112.34ZM517.15,100c-1.91-17.78-9.88-26.26-24.19-26.26-11.89,0-22,7.77-24.79,26.26ZM319.3,0h38.1V96.17L396.71,49h40.92L396.41,96.17,440,175.37H400.74l-27.92-51.52L357.4,141.13v34.14H319.3V0ZM188.68,143.15c0-29.2,24.59-45.26,79.92-49.81V90.21c0-9.29-4.73-15.15-17-15.15-16,0-29.73,6.57-41.42,15.66l-16-21.82c12.5-11.32,31.45-22.53,62.89-22.53,34.47,0,48.79,17.07,48.79,49.5v48.69c0,15.16,1,24.45,3.52,30.81H271.43a61.15,61.15,0,0,1-2.83-18.48c-11.59,13-25.29,20.4-44,20.4C205.31,177.19,188.68,164.67,188.68,143.15Zm79.92-5.56V114.26c-30,3.13-42.83,10.7-42.83,22.22,0,8.08,5.74,12.12,13.91,12.12C253.08,148.6,262.25,144.06,268.6,137.59ZM0,0H50.8l39,129h.41L126.69,0h52V175.47H141.61V55.66h-.4c-2.62,15.16-6,26.27-9.68,39.1l-26.2,80.61H71.16l-26-80.61A322.28,322.28,0,0,1,35,53.74h-.4V175.37H0V0Z" fill="#e2001a"/> </svg> <span class="magazine-nav__title"> Make – Kreativ mit Technik </span> </a> </li> <li class=" magazine-nav__item magazine-nav__item--select a-theme a-theme--select " > <a href="/select/" title="Alle Magazine im Browser lesen" name="topnavi.ho.magazine-nav.select" data-google-interstitial=false class="magazine-nav__link magazine-nav__link--select" > <span class="magazine-nav__title"> Alle Magazine im Browser lesen </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <nav class="sitemap topnavigation__sitemap" aria-label="Sitemap"> <a-collapse class="sitemap-group " has-indicator media="(max-width: 929px)" toggle-attr-on-media="disabled" > <div class=" sitemap-group__header " data-collapse-trigger > IT News </div> <div class="sitemap-group__content" data-collapse-target > <ul class="sitemap-group__items "> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--newsticker"> <a href="/newsticker/" title="heise online - Newsticker" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.newsticker" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Newsticker</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Hintergründe"> <a href="/hintergrund" title="heise online - Hintergründe" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.Hintergründe" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Hintergründe</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Ratgeber"> <a href="/ratgeber" title="heise online - Ratgeber" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.Ratgeber" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Ratgeber</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Tests"> <a href="/tests" title="heise online - Testberichte" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.Tests" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Tests</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Meinung"> <a href="/meinung" title="heise online - Meinungen" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.Meinung" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Meinungen</a> </li> </ul> </div> </a-collapse> <a-collapse class="sitemap-group " has-indicator media="(max-width: 929px)" toggle-attr-on-media="disabled" > <div class=" sitemap-group__header " data-collapse-trigger > Online-Magazine </div> <div class="sitemap-group__content" data-collapse-target > <ul class="sitemap-group__items "> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heiseplus"> <a href="/plus/" title="heise+ - Immer mehr Wissen." name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.heiseplus" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link sitemap-group__link--heiseplus" >heise<span class="sitemap_group__heiseplus-icon">+</span></a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--tp"> <a href="https://www.telepolis.de" title="Telepolis" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.tp" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Telepolis</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--autos"> <a href="/autos/" title="heise autos – News, Tests, Technik, Service rund ums Auto" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.autos" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise autos</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--bestenlisten"> <a href="/bestenlisten" title="bestenlisten by TechStage" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.bestenlisten" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >bestenlisten</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--tipps-tricks"> <a href="/tipps-tricks/" title="tipps+tricks" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.tipps-tricks" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >tipps+tricks</a> </li> </ul> </div> </a-collapse> <a-collapse class="sitemap-group sitemap-group--2-col" has-indicator media="(max-width: 929px)" toggle-attr-on-media="disabled" > <div class=" sitemap-group__header " data-collapse-trigger > Services </div> <div class="sitemap-group__content" data-collapse-target > <ul class="sitemap-group__items "> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Shop"> <a href="https://shop.heise.de/" title="heise shop – IT-Zeitschriften, Fachbücher, eBooks, digitale Magazine und Gadgets" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.Shop" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise shop</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Arbeiten bei Heise"> <a href="https://jobs.heise.de/" title="heise jobs – Jobbörse für qualifizierte Fach- und Führungskräfte aus der IT-Branche" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.Arbeiten bei Heise" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise jobs</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise academy"> <a href="https://heise-academy.de/" title="heise academy - Weiterbildung für IT-Profis von heise medien" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.heise academy" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise academy</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--download"> <a href="/download/" title="heise download – Software, Apps & Spiele sicher herunterladen" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.download" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise download</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise preisvergleich"> <a href="https://preisvergleich.heise.de" title="heise preisvergleich – Günstige Preise, Meinungen und Bewertungen zu vielen Produkten" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.heise preisvergleich" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise preisvergleich</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Tarifrechner"> <a href="https://www.heise.de/tarifrechner" title="Tarifrechner" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.Tarifrechner" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Tarifrechner</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise compaliate"> <a href="https://compaliate.heise.de/" title="heise compaliate – Entdecke die heise Affiliate Plattform" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.heise compaliate" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise compaliate</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Abo bestellen"> <a href="https://shop.heise.de/zeitschriften-abo/" title="Abo – c't, iX, c't Fotografie, Mac & i, Make" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.Abo bestellen" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Abo bestellen</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Mein Abo"> <a href="https://www.heise.de/meinabo" title="Abo verwalten - Mein persönlicher Abo-Bereich" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.Mein Abo" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Mein Abo</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Netzwerktools"> <a href="https://www.heise.de/tools" title="heise online - Netzwerktools" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.Netzwerktools" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Netzwerktools</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--iMonitor"> <a href="https://www.heise.de/netze/netzwerk-tools/imonitor-internet-stoerungen/" title="heise iMonitor" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.iMonitor" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >iMonitor</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--loseblattwerke"> <a href="/loseblattwerke/" title="Loseblattwerke" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.loseblattwerke" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Loseblattwerke</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--spiele"> <a href="https://spiele.heise.de" title="heise Spiele" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.spiele" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Spiele</a> </li> </ul> </div> </a-collapse> <a-collapse class="sitemap-group " has-indicator media="(max-width: 929px)" toggle-attr-on-media="disabled" > <div class=" sitemap-group__header " data-collapse-trigger > Über Uns </div> <div class="sitemap-group__content" data-collapse-target > <ul class="sitemap-group__items "> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise medien"> <a href="https://www.heisegroup.de/artikel/heise-medien-3904998.html" title="heise medien - Hochwertiger und unabhängiger Journalismus" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.heise medien" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise medien</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise regioconcept"> <a href="https://www.heise-regioconcept.de/" title="heise regioconcept - Regionales Marketing für Unternehmen" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.heise regioconcept" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise regioconcept</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise business services"> <a href="https://business-services.heise.de/" title="heise business services – Produkte und Lösungen namhafter IT-Hersteller" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.heise business services" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise business services</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise96"> <a href="https://www.heisegroup.de" title="Sponsoring Hannover 96" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.heise96" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Sponsoring<img src="/icons/ho/h96-logo.svg" width="48" height="55" alt="Logo Hannover 96" class="sitemap-group__img sitemap-group__img--h96" loading="lazy" /></a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--mediadaten"> <a href="https://mediadaten.heise.de/" title="Mediadaten heise medien" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.mediadaten" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Mediadaten</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Karriere"> <a href="https://www.heisegroup.de/artikel/heise-als-Arbeitgeber-1812545.html" title="Arbeiten bei heise – Heise als Arbeitgeber" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.Karriere" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Karriere</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--presse"> <a href="https://www.heisegroup.de/presse/" title="Pressemitteilungen und Interviews" name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.presse" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Presse</a> </li> </ul> </div> </a-collapse> </nav> <div class="topnavigation__footer"> <div class="topnavigation__brandworld"> <span class="wrbg-note topnavigation__brandworld-label"> Anzeige </span> <a href="https://it-kenner.heise.de/it-summit-by-heise/" class=" topnavigation__brandworld-link a-tag a-tag--ad " name="dachzeile.ho.nativelink" title="IT Summit" > IT Summit </a> <a href="https://it-kenner.heise.de/secure-it-fuer-unternehmen/" class=" topnavigation__brandworld-link a-tag a-tag--ad " name="dachzeile.ho.nativelink" title="Secure IT für Unternehmen" > Secure IT für Unternehmen </a> </div> <div class=" notification-links " > <a href="/newsletter/" class=" link notification-links__link " name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.newsletter" data-google-interstitial=false > <svg class="link__svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path id="paper-plane-outline" d="M24,3,0,10l7.92,4.4L8,20l3.78-3.46L18,20ZM17,17.34l-5.48-3L20.85,6.4ZM20.46,5.9,9.6,13.25,4.66,10.51Z" transform="translate(0)"/> </svg> <span > Newsletter </span> </a> <a href="/benachrichtigungen/heise-bot/" class=" link notification-links__link " name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.heisebotti" data-google-interstitial=false > <svg id="logo-botti" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="link__svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" > <title>heise-Bot</title> <path d="M9.3,17.66c-.24.56-.62,1.21-1.32,1.21A.89.89,0,0,1,7.05,18a3,3,0,0,1,.36-1.14l3.18-7.26c.24-.55.55-.95,1.18-.95a.86.86,0,0,1,.89.89A3.36,3.36,0,0,1,12.25,11Zm2.76,1.21c.71,0,1.08-.63,1.34-1.2L14.58,15A3.74,3.74,0,0,0,15,13.59a.86.86,0,0,0-.89-.89c-.64,0-.94.43-1.19,1l-1.42,3.2A2.65,2.65,0,0,0,11.16,18,.86.86,0,0,0,12.06,18.87ZM23.64,8.3a1,1,0,0,0-1.53,1.08A9.42,9.42,0,0,1,19,10.68c-.52-4.49-4.34-7.14-8.87-7.14A10.33,10.33,0,0,0,4.4,5.22,11.49,11.49,0,0,1,2.09,1.78,1,1,0,0,0,2.51.91,1,1,0,0,0,.56,1a1,1,0,0,0,1,.91,15.71,15.71,0,0,1,1,4.84,10.36,10.36,0,0,0-2.58,7c0,5.77,4.64,9.85,10.27,9.85a10.08,10.08,0,0,0,7.47-3.53l-.42-.63a7.92,7.92,0,0,1-1,.86,10.65,10.65,0,0,1-6.16,1.94A7.51,7.51,0,0,1,2.7,14.53c0-4.82,1.92-9.13,7.37-9.13,4.07,0,7.37,2.74,7.37,7a6.65,6.65,0,0,1-1.46,4l.72.62a7.79,7.79,0,0,0,2.23-3.91,16,16,0,0,1,3.51-3.27,1,1,0,0,0,1.35-.17A1,1,0,0,0,23.64,8.3ZM10.08,21c.39.09.18-.36.48-.56s.75-.39.81-.69a1.58,1.58,0,0,1-.93.05,6.43,6.43,0,0,1-1.27-.49,2,2,0,0,0,.15,1A1,1,0,0,0,10.08,21Z" transform="translate(0 0)"/> </svg> <span > heise-Bot </span> </a> <a href="/benachrichtigungen/" class=" link notification-links__link " name="topnavi.ho.sitemap.pushnachrichten" data-google-interstitial=false > <svg id="cp-bell-outline" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="link__svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" > <title>Push Nachrichten</title> <path d="M15,20.9c0,1.6-1.3,2.9-3,3c-1.6-0.1-2.9-1.4-3-3h1.7c0,0,0,0,0,0.1c0,0.7,0.6,1.3,1.3,1.3 c0.7,0,1.3-0.6,1.3-1.3c0,0,0,0,0-0.1H15z M21.9,17.2v1.7H2.1v-1.7C6.9,15.6,4.2,6.7,8.9,4c0.6-0.4,1-1.1,1-1.8l0,0 c0-1,0.7-2,1.7-2.2C11.9,0,12.1,0,12.4,0c1,0.2,1.7,1.1,1.7,2.1l0,0c0,0.7,0.4,1.4,1,1.8C19.7,6.7,17.1,15.6,21.9,17.2z M19.2,16.9 c-4-2-1.4-9.6-5.8-12.2c-0.1-0.1-0.2-0.1-0.4-0.2c-0.3-0.2-0.6-0.3-1-0.3c-0.3,0-0.6,0.1-0.9,0.2c-0.2,0.1-0.3,0.1-0.5,0.2 C6.1,7.4,8.8,14.9,4.8,16.9H19.2z"/> </svg> <span class="a-u-hide-from-tablet"> Push </span> <span class="a-u-show-from-tablet"> Push-Nachrichten </span> </a> <a-color-scheme class="a-u-show-from-tablet a-cholor-scheme-tablet"></a-color-scheme> </div> </div> </div> </header> </div> <template id="upscore-reco-template-free"> <article class=" a-article-teaser a-article-teaser--mobile-in-list a-theme " data-upscore-object-id="${object_id}" data-cid="${object_id}" > <a href="${url}" title="${title}" class=" a-article-teaser__link " data-upscore-url > <figure class=" a-article-teaser__image-container" > <div > <a-img width="16" height="9" layout="responsive" src="${image}" alt="${title}" quality="70" high-dpi-quality="50" style=" aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;" > <img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='696px' height='391px' viewBox='0 0 696 391'%3E%3Crect x='0' y='0' width='696' height='391' fill='%23f2f2f2'%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/svg%3E" width="16" height="9" alt="${title}" style="aspect-ratio: 16 / 9; object-fit: cover;" > </a-img> <noscript> <img src="https://heise.cloudimg.io/width/16/q50.png-lossy-50.webp-lossy-50.foil1/_www-heise-de_/$%7Bimage%7D" srcset=" https://heise.cloudimg.io/width/336/q30.png-lossy-30.webp-lossy-30.foil1/_www-heise-de_/$%7Bimage%7D 336w, https://heise.cloudimg.io/width/1008/q30.png-lossy-30.webp-lossy-30.foil1/_www-heise-de_/$%7Bimage%7D 1008w, https://heise.cloudimg.io/width/16/q30.png-lossy-30.webp-lossy-30.foil1/_www-heise-de_/$%7Bimage%7D 16w, https://heise.cloudimg.io/width/32/q30.png-lossy-30.webp-lossy-30.foil1/_www-heise-de_/$%7Bimage%7D 32w " sizes="" alt="${title}" width="16" height="9" class="legacy-img " loading="lazy" decoding="async" style="background-color: #f2f2f2;" onload="this.style=null;" > </noscript> </div> </figure> <div class=" a-article-teaser__content-container " > <header> <h3 class=" a-article-teaser__title " > <span class=" a-article-teaser__kicker " > ${intro} </span> <span class="a-article-teaser__title-text" data-upscore-title>${title} </span> </h3> </header> <p class=" a-article-teaser__synopsis " >${lead} </p> </div> </a> </article> </template> <template id="upscore-reco-template-premium"> <article class=" a-article-teaser a-article-teaser--mobile-in-list a-theme " data-upscore-object-id="${object_id}" data-cid="${object_id}" > <a href="${url}" title="${title}" class=" a-article-teaser__link " data-upscore-url data-google-interstitial=false > <figure class=" a-article-teaser__image-container" > <div > <a-img width="16" height="9" layout="responsive" src="${image}" alt="${title}" quality="70" high-dpi-quality="50" style=" aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;" > <img src="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='696px' height='391px' viewBox='0 0 696 391'%3E%3Crect x='0' y='0' width='696' height='391' fill='%23f2f2f2'%3E%3C/rect%3E%3C/svg%3E" width="16" height="9" alt="${title}" style="aspect-ratio: 16 / 9; object-fit: cover;" > </a-img> <noscript> <img src="https://heise.cloudimg.io/width/16/q50.png-lossy-50.webp-lossy-50.foil1/_www-heise-de_/$%7Bimage%7D" srcset=" https://heise.cloudimg.io/width/336/q30.png-lossy-30.webp-lossy-30.foil1/_www-heise-de_/$%7Bimage%7D 336w, https://heise.cloudimg.io/width/1008/q30.png-lossy-30.webp-lossy-30.foil1/_www-heise-de_/$%7Bimage%7D 1008w, https://heise.cloudimg.io/width/16/q30.png-lossy-30.webp-lossy-30.foil1/_www-heise-de_/$%7Bimage%7D 16w, https://heise.cloudimg.io/width/32/q30.png-lossy-30.webp-lossy-30.foil1/_www-heise-de_/$%7Bimage%7D 32w " sizes="" alt="${title}" width="16" height="9" class="legacy-img " loading="lazy" decoding="async" style="background-color: #f2f2f2;" onload="this.style=null;" > </noscript> </div> </figure> <div class=" a-article-teaser__content-container " > <header> <h3 class=" a-article-teaser__title " > <span class=" a-article-teaser__kicker " > ${intro} </span> <span class="a-article-teaser__title-text" data-upscore-title> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" role="img" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" class="heise-plus-logo a-article-teaser__plus-icon" > <style> .plus-icon-svg-rec { fill: #14315b; } .plus-icon-svg-path { fill: #f2f2f2; } .dark .plus-icon-svg-rec { fill: #f2f2f2; } .dark .plus-icon-svg-path { fill: #323232; } </style> <rect class="plus-icon-svg-rec" width="32" height="32" rx="12" ry="12"/> <path class="plus-icon-svg-path" d="M24 14.3h-6.3V8h-3.4v6.3H8v3.4h6.3V24h3.4v-6.3H24z"/> </svg>${title} </span> </h3> </header> <p class=" a-article-teaser__synopsis " >${lead} </p> </div> </a> </article> </template> <template id="upscore-reco-template-wrapper-homepage"> <div class="teaser-grid teaser-grid--3 top-stage__row">${content}</div> </template> <template id="upscore-reco-template-wrapper-article-premium"> <aside class="stage stage--channel a-u-grid-pullout-mobile a-u-grid-pushin-mobile" aria-role="complementary"> <header class="a-container-header stage__header stage__header--no-mobile-padding a-container-header--bordered a-container-header--one-row"> <a href="/plus/" class="a-container-header__link"> <h2 class=" a-container-header__heading a-container-header__heading--small "> <span class=" a-container-header__logo a-container-header__logo--heiseplus a-container-header__logo--margin "> heise+ </span> <span class="a-container-header__slug"> Das Beste aus heise+ </span> </h2> <nav class="a-container-header__more"> <span class=" a-container-header__more-text a-u-show-from-tablet "> Zur heise+ Startseite </span> <span class="a-container-header__more-icon"></span> </nav> </a> </header> <div class=" teaser-grid teaser-grid--h-gutter teaser-grid--4 channel_ho "> ${content} </div> </aside> </template> <template id="upscore-reco-template-wrapper-article"> <aside class="stage stage--channel a-u-grid-pullout-mobile a-u-grid-pushin-mobile" aria-role="complementary"> <header class="a-container-header stage__header stage__header--no-mobile-padding a-container-header--bordered a-container-header--one-row"> <a href="/" class="a-container-header__link"> <h2 class=" a-container-header__heading a-container-header__heading--small "> <span class=" a-container-header__logo a-container-header__logo--ho a-container-header__logo--margin "> heise online </span> <span class="a-container-header__slug"> Top-Beiträge von heise online </span> </h2> <nav class="a-container-header__more"> <span class=" a-container-header__more-text a-u-show-from-tablet "> Zur heise online Startseite </span> <span class="a-container-header__more-icon"></span> </nav> </a> </header> <div class=" teaser-grid teaser-grid--h-gutter teaser-grid--4 channel_ho "> ${content} </div> </aside> </template> <template id="upscore-reco-template-wrapper-article-en"> <aside class="stage stage--channel a-u-grid-pullout-mobile a-u-grid-pushin-mobile" aria-role="complementary"> <header class="a-container-header stage__header stage__header--no-mobile-padding a-container-header--bordered a-container-header--one-row"> <a href="/" class="a-container-header__link"> <h2 class=" a-container-header__heading a-container-header__heading--small "> <span class=" a-container-header__logo a-container-header__logo--ho a-container-header__logo--margin "> heise online </span> <span class="a-container-header__slug"> Most popular articles by heise online </span> </h2> </a> </header> <div class=" teaser-grid teaser-grid--h-gutter teaser-grid--4 channel_ho "> ${content} </div> </aside> </template> <div class="a-layout a-layout--transparent a-u-no-margin-bottom"> <div class=" a-layout__container a-layout__container--full-width" > <div class="a-layout__item a-layout__item--full-width"> <div class="ad-ldb-container"> <script>performance.mark('FRAME-Ads Anfang');</script> <div class="perf-cls-reduc-leaderboard"> <div> <div id="HEI_D_Top" class="" ></div> </div> </div> <div class="ad ad--skyscraper a-u-show-from-tablet"> <div> <div id="HEI_D_Right" class="" ></div> </div> </div> <script> performance.mark('FRAME-Ads Ende'); performance.measure('FRAME-Ads', 'FRAME-Ads Anfang', 'FRAME-Ads Ende'); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="a-layout a-u-mb-4" id="bottom-up"> <script>performance.mark('HEADER Anfang');</script> <div class=" a-layout__container a-layout__container--full-width a-layout__container--mobile-offset "> <div class="a-layout__item a-layout__item--full-width"> <header class="header "> <a-collapse media="(max-width: 767px)" toggle-attr-on-media="disabled" > <div class="header__menu"> <figure class="header-logo "> <a href="/" title="heise online" data-google-interstitial=false > <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 1504 214" role="img" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" class="heise-online-logo header-logo__svg header-logo__svg--mobile" > <style> .heise-online-logo-svg-path-online { fill: #6f7d93; } .heise-online-logo-svg-path-heise { fill: #14315b; } .dark .heise-online-logo-svg-path-online, .dark .heise-online-logo-svg-path-heise { fill: #f2f2f2; } </style> <title>heise online Logo</title> <path class="heise-online-logo-svg-path-online" d="M869.84 139.56c0-43.75 29.74-69 62.47-69s62.47 25.25 62.47 69-29.74 68.79-62.47 68.79-62.47-25.25-62.47-68.79m93.29 0c0-26.32-11.55-43.86-30.81-43.86s-30.81 17.54-30.81 43.86 11.55 43.65 30.81 43.65 30.81-17.33 30.81-43.65m49.9-65.79h25.25l2.35 17.76h.86c11.77-11.45 25.14-20.97 43.11-20.97 28.13 0 40.44 19.04 40.44 52.2v82.37h-30.81v-78.41c0-21.61-6.2-29.74-20.43-29.74-11.55 0-19.15 5.67-29.95 16.37v91.78h-30.81V73.77Zm135.54 97.56V16.22h30.81v156.72c0 7.6 3.42 10.27 6.63 10.27 1.39 0 2.46 0 4.81-.54l3.85 23c-3.74 1.5-8.88 2.67-16.26 2.67-21.82 0-29.85-14.12-29.85-37.01Zm52.93-138c0-10.38 8.13-17.44 19.04-17.44s19.04 7.06 19.04 17.44-8.13 17.44-19.04 17.44-19.04-7.27-19.04-17.44m3.53 40.44h30.81v131.37h-30.81zm54.66 0h25.25l2.35 17.76h.86c11.77-11.45 25.14-20.97 43.11-20.97 28.13 0 40.44 19.04 40.44 52.2v82.37h-30.81v-78.41c0-21.61-6.2-29.74-20.43-29.74-11.55 0-19.15 5.67-29.95 16.37v91.78h-30.81V73.77Zm129.52 65.79c0-42.68 29.63-69 60.55-69 35.52 0 54.24 25.67 54.24 62.37 0 5.88-.64 11.77-1.34 14.98h-83.39c2.57 23.32 17.54 36.59 38.73 36.59 11.23 0 20.86-3.53 30.49-9.52l10.48 19.15c-12.52 8.45-28.35 14.23-45.04 14.23-36.26 0-64.72-25.46-64.72-68.79Zm88.15-12.62c0-20.22-8.99-32.52-26.96-32.52-15.3 0-28.78 11.45-31.45 32.52z"/><path class="heise-online-logo-svg-path-heise" d="M258.47 15.22h30.81v48.89L288 89.46c11.02-10.38 24.07-19.9 42.04-19.9 28.13 0 40.44 19.04 40.44 52.2v82.37h-30.81v-78.41c0-21.61-6.2-29.74-20.43-29.74-11.55 0-19.15 5.67-29.95 16.37v91.78h-30.81V15.22Zm129.58 123.34c0-42.68 29.63-69 60.55-69 35.52 0 54.24 25.67 54.24 62.37 0 5.88-.64 11.77-1.34 14.98h-83.39c2.57 23.32 17.54 36.59 38.73 36.59 11.23 0 20.86-3.53 30.49-9.52l10.48 19.15c-12.52 8.45-28.35 14.23-45.04 14.23-36.26 0-64.72-25.46-64.72-68.79Zm88.14-12.62c0-20.22-8.99-32.52-26.96-32.52-15.3 0-28.78 11.45-31.45 32.52zm41.46-93.6c0-10.38 8.13-17.44 19.04-17.44s19.04 7.06 19.04 17.44-8.13 17.44-19.04 17.44-19.04-7.27-19.04-17.44m3.53 40.43h30.81v131.37h-30.81zm44.04 116.29 14.33-19.58c11.66 9.09 22.95 14.66 36.26 14.66 14.33 0 21.07-6.74 21.07-15.72 0-11.02-14.23-15.94-28.24-21.29-17.22-6.47-36.91-16.37-36.91-38.3s18.4-39.26 47.82-39.26c18.29 0 32.95 7.43 43.65 15.73l-14.12 18.93c-9.2-6.74-18.45-11.45-28.78-11.45-13.21 0-19.47 6.31-19.47 14.55 0 10.38 13.27 14.33 27.49 19.58 17.76 6.63 37.65 15.19 37.65 39.69 0 22.57-17.86 40.76-51.03 40.76-17.97 0-36.91-7.7-49.74-18.29Zm111.39-50.5c0-42.68 29.63-69 60.55-69 35.52 0 54.24 25.67 54.24 62.37 0 5.88-.64 11.77-1.34 14.98h-83.39c2.57 23.32 17.54 36.59 38.73 36.59 11.23 0 20.86-3.53 30.49-9.52l10.48 19.15c-12.52 8.45-28.35 14.23-45.04 14.23-36.26 0-64.72-25.46-64.72-68.79Zm88.15-12.62c0-20.22-8.99-32.52-26.96-32.52-15.3 0-28.78 11.45-31.45 32.52zM114.88 2.89c15.41 7.19 22.08 25.51 14.89 40.92l-71.06 152.4c-7.19 15.41-25.51 22.08-40.92 14.9C2.38 203.92-4.29 185.6 2.9 170.18L73.95 17.79C81.14 2.38 99.46-4.29 114.88 2.9m49.2 97.26c-15.41-7.18-33.73-.52-40.92 14.9l-25.7 55.12c-7.19 15.41-.52 33.74 14.89 40.93s33.73.52 40.92-14.89l25.71-55.12c7.19-15.42.52-33.74-14.9-40.93"/> </svg> </a> </figure> <div class="header_menu-group"> <a href="/plus" title="Jetzt heise+ abonnieren" name="header.ho.heiseplus" data-google-interstitial=false class="header_abo-link"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 32 32" role="img" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" class="heise-plus-logo navigation__heiseplus-logo" > <style> .plus-icon-svg-rec { fill: #14315b; } .plus-icon-svg-path { fill: #f2f2f2; } .dark .plus-icon-svg-rec { fill: #f2f2f2; } .dark .plus-icon-svg-path { fill: #323232; } </style> <rect class="plus-icon-svg-rec" width="32" height="32" rx="12" ry="12"/> <path class="plus-icon-svg-path" d="M24 14.3h-6.3V8h-3.4v6.3H8v3.4h6.3V24h3.4v-6.3H24z"/> </svg> Abo </a> <div class="header__collapse-toggle" data-collapse-trigger title="Menü auf-/zuklappen" > <svg class="menu-icon header__menu_mobile-icon"> <use href="/icons/common-icons.svg#menu-mobile"></use> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header__content" data-collapse-target> <form accept-charset="utf-8" method="get" action="/suche/" class="a-form header__search" role="search" id="volltextsuche" > <fieldset class="header__search-container"> <input type="search" class=" a-form__input header__search-input " value="" name="q" placeholder="Suchen" data-autocomplete="true" data-searchpath="/suche/" autocomplete="off" role="textbox" aria-autocomplete="list" aria-haspopup="true" aria-label="Suchen" spellcheck="false" > <button class="header__search-button" type="submit" aria-label="suchen"> <svg class="header__search-icon"> <use href="/icons/common-icons.svg#search"></use> </svg> </button> <input type="hidden" name="sort_by" value="relevance" > </fieldset> </form> <a-collapse-group target="a-menu"> <div class="header__nav"> <div class="magazine-nav header__magazine-nav"> <ul class="magazine-nav__items a-u-remove-list-style"> <li class=" magazine-nav__item magazine-nav__item--ct a-theme a-theme--ct " > <a href="/ct/" title="c't – Magazin für Computertechnik" name="topnavi.ho.magazine-nav.ct" data-google-interstitial=false class="magazine-nav__link magazine-nav__link--ct" > <svg preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 500 370" class="ct-logo magazin-nav__svg" > <title>c't Magazin Logo</title> <path d="M329,0H429.54L406.65,93.08H500L477.72,183.7H384.29l-10.5,42.73s-3.22,10.79-2.08,17.61a26.5,26.5,0,0,0,5.07,12.62c3.63,5.13,6.81,7.56,12.56,10.09,5.46,2.39,15.07,2.51,15.07,2.51h73L452.6,370h-76c-66.62.67-108.38-45.12-108.38-101.55,0-12.32,3.53-32,11-66.06L284,183,329,0ZM231.46,0,211.65,80.56h42.5L228.78,183.7h43L317,0Zm-57.8,93.08C75.55,92.93,0,188.15,0,268.08,0,324.52,41.32,371.47,108.08,370H211.86l24.76-100.71H130.27c-21.92-.12-28.59-22.21-28.59-35.61,0-23.49,26.37-49.88,51.77-49.95H216.8l22.28-90.62Z" fill="#2288c6"/> </svg> <span class="magazine-nav__title"> c't – Magazin für Computertechnik </span> </a> </li> <li class=" magazine-nav__item magazine-nav__item--ix a-theme a-theme--ix " > <a href="/ix/" title="iX – Magazin für professionelle Informationstechnik" name="topnavi.ho.magazine-nav.ix" data-google-interstitial=false class="magazine-nav__link magazine-nav__link--ix" > <svg preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 600 610" class="ix-logo magazin-nav__svg" > <title>iX Magazin Logo</title> <path d="M238.41,610h-139L346.17,248.34,294.41,69.72H421.75l12.81,45.67,31.26-45.67H600L475.16,252.6l70.42,242.66H418.23L387.41,385.48Zm-100-20.61h89.17L395.36,337.6l38.47,137h84.33L452.68,249,561,90.34H476.67l-50,73.08-20.5-73.08H321.82l46.83,161.6Zm-2.07-95.46H0L186.69,220.48H323ZM39,473.31h86.47L284,241.1h-86.4ZM260.28,183.12A91.56,91.56,0,1,1,323,25l2,1.89L306.87,46.13l-2-1.88a65,65,0,1,0-21.15,108l2.56-1L295.83,176l-2.56,1A91,91,0,0,1,260.28,183.12Z" fill="#4c5c64"/> </svg> <span class="magazine-nav__title"> iX – Magazin für professionelle Informationstechnik </span> </a> </li> <li class=" magazine-nav__item magazine-nav__item--foto a-theme a-theme--foto " > <a href="/foto/" title="c't Fotografie - Das Magazin rund ums digitale Bild" name="topnavi.ho.magazine-nav.foto" data-google-interstitial=false class="magazine-nav__link magazine-nav__link--foto" > <svg preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 300 140" class="foto-logo magazin-nav__svg" > <title>c't Fotografie Logo</title> <path fill="#0a0a0a" d="M2 75.8h28.95v4.36H6.79v16.01h17.52v4.36H6.79v21.58H2zm27.75 29.53c0-2.57.44-4.93 1.31-7.08s2.08-4.02 3.63-5.59 3.41-2.8 5.59-3.67 4.55-1.31 7.12-1.31 4.93.44 7.08 1.31 4.02 2.1 5.59 3.67 2.8 3.44 3.67 5.59c.87 2.16 1.31 4.52 1.31 7.08s-.44 4.93-1.31 7.08c-.87 2.16-2.1 4.02-3.67 5.59s-3.44 2.8-5.59 3.67c-2.16.87-4.52 1.31-7.08 1.31s-4.94-.44-7.12-1.31-4.04-2.09-5.59-3.67c-1.55-1.57-2.76-3.44-3.63-5.59s-1.31-4.52-1.31-7.08m4.36 0c0 1.89.3 3.67.91 5.34s1.49 3.12 2.65 4.36c1.16 1.23 2.57 2.22 4.21 2.94 1.65.73 3.49 1.09 5.52 1.09s3.87-.36 5.52-1.09 3.05-1.71 4.21-2.94 2.05-2.69 2.65-4.36c.61-1.67.91-3.45.91-5.34s-.3-3.67-.91-5.34-1.49-3.12-2.65-4.36c-1.16-1.23-2.57-2.22-4.21-2.94-1.65-.73-3.49-1.09-5.52-1.09s-3.88.36-5.52 1.09c-1.65.73-3.05 1.71-4.21 2.94s-2.05 2.69-2.65 4.36c-.61 1.67-.91 3.45-.91 5.34m52.63-12.86h-8.96v21.87c0 1.5.41 2.66 1.23 3.49.82.82 1.96 1.23 3.41 1.23.82 0 1.66-.11 2.51-.33q1.275-.33 2.43-.84l.36 3.92c-.82.29-1.77.56-2.83.8-1.07.24-2.01.36-2.83.36-1.55 0-2.88-.23-4-.69-1.11-.46-2.01-1.08-2.69-1.85s-1.17-1.68-1.49-2.72-.47-2.17-.47-3.38V92.46h-6.64v-3.92h6.64V75.8h4.36v12.74h8.96v3.92Zm2.75 12.86c0-2.57.44-4.93 1.31-7.08s2.08-4.02 3.63-5.59 3.41-2.8 5.59-3.67 4.55-1.31 7.12-1.31 4.93.44 7.08 1.31 4.02 2.1 5.59 3.67 2.8 3.44 3.67 5.59c.87 2.16 1.31 4.52 1.31 7.08s-.44 4.93-1.31 7.08c-.87 2.16-2.1 4.02-3.67 5.59s-3.44 2.8-5.59 3.67c-2.16.87-4.52 1.31-7.08 1.31s-4.94-.44-7.12-1.31-4.04-2.09-5.59-3.67c-1.55-1.57-2.76-3.44-3.63-5.59s-1.31-4.52-1.31-7.08m4.35 0c0 1.89.3 3.67.91 5.34s1.49 3.12 2.65 4.36c1.16 1.23 2.57 2.22 4.21 2.94 1.65.73 3.49 1.09 5.52 1.09s3.87-.36 5.52-1.09 3.05-1.71 4.21-2.94 2.05-2.69 2.65-4.36.91-3.45.91-5.34-.3-3.67-.91-5.34-1.49-3.12-2.65-4.36c-1.16-1.23-2.57-2.22-4.21-2.94-1.65-.73-3.49-1.09-5.52-1.09s-3.88.36-5.52 1.09c-1.65.73-3.05 1.71-4.21 2.94s-2.05 2.69-2.65 4.36c-.61 1.67-.91 3.45-.91 5.34m72.1 13.45c0 4.18-.61 7.56-1.82 10.13-1.21 2.58-2.72 4.57-4.54 5.98s-3.77 2.36-5.85 2.84c-2.08.49-3.97.73-5.67.73s-3.35-.16-4.98-.47a23.7 23.7 0 0 1-4.61-1.39q-2.175-.915-3.96-2.22c-1.19-.87-2.22-1.87-3.09-2.99l3.41-3.21c1.55 2.19 3.49 3.79 5.81 4.81q3.48 1.53 7.41 1.53c2.23 0 4.1-.29 5.63-.87s2.78-1.35 3.78-2.3c.99-.95 1.77-1.99 2.32-3.13.56-1.14.97-2.29 1.23-3.43.27-1.14.42-2.22.47-3.24s.07-1.85.07-2.48v-3.4h-.15c-1.26 2.04-2.97 3.65-5.12 4.81-2.16 1.17-4.69 1.75-7.59 1.75-2.47 0-4.79-.45-6.97-1.35q-3.27-1.35-5.7-3.72a17.8 17.8 0 0 1-3.85-5.5c-.94-2.09-1.42-4.33-1.42-6.71s.47-4.62 1.42-6.71a17.5 17.5 0 0 1 3.85-5.47q2.43-2.325 5.7-3.72c2.18-.92 4.5-1.39 6.97-1.39 2.91 0 5.44.58 7.59 1.75s3.86 2.77 5.12 4.81h.15v-5.69h4.36v30.23Zm-4.22-13.89q0-2.76-1.05-5.19c-.7-1.62-1.65-3.03-2.83-4.21-1.19-1.19-2.59-2.13-4.21-2.83q-2.43-1.05-5.19-1.05c-2.76 0-3.57.35-5.19 1.05s-3.03 1.65-4.21 2.83c-1.19 1.19-2.13 2.59-2.83 4.21q-1.05 2.43-1.05 5.19c0 2.76.35 3.57 1.05 5.19s1.65 3.03 2.83 4.21c1.19 1.19 2.59 2.13 4.21 2.83q2.43 1.05 5.19 1.05c2.76 0 3.57-.35 5.19-1.05s3.03-1.65 4.21-2.83c1.19-1.19 2.13-2.59 2.83-4.21q1.05-2.43 1.05-5.19m13.36-6.9c0-.63-.03-1.39-.07-2.29-.05-.9-.09-1.8-.11-2.72-.03-.92-.06-1.78-.11-2.58s-.07-1.42-.07-1.85h4.36c.05 1.26.08 2.47.11 3.63q.03 1.74.18 2.25c1.11-1.99 2.54-3.61 4.29-4.87q2.61-1.89 6.39-1.89c.44 0 .86.04 1.27.11s.84.16 1.27.25l-.51 4.29c-.58-.19-1.14-.29-1.67-.29-1.89 0-3.52.3-4.9.91s-2.52 1.44-3.41 2.51c-.9 1.07-1.56 2.31-2 3.74s-.65 2.97-.65 4.61v18.31h-4.36V97.99Zm48.04 10.03c0 1.65.01 3.12.04 4.43a122 122 0 0 0 .29 6.75q.105 1.455.33 2.91h-4.07c-.29-1.65-.44-3.46-.44-5.45h-.15c-1.26 2.18-2.82 3.78-4.69 4.79q-2.805 1.53-7.08 1.53c-1.45 0-2.88-.18-4.29-.55-1.41-.36-2.66-.94-3.78-1.74a9.35 9.35 0 0 1-2.72-3.09c-.7-1.26-1.05-2.78-1.05-4.58 0-2.57.65-4.6 1.96-6.1s2.92-2.63 4.83-3.38 3.95-1.23 6.1-1.45 4.06-.33 5.7-.33h5.09v-2.03c0-2.91-.9-4.99-2.69-6.25s-4.04-1.89-6.76-1.89c-3.88 0-7.29 1.26-10.24 3.78l-2.54-2.98c1.6-1.55 3.58-2.72 5.96-3.52 2.37-.8 4.65-1.2 6.83-1.2 4.07 0 7.31.96 9.73 2.87s3.63 5 3.63 9.26v8.21Zm-8.72-2.76q-2.76 0-5.34.36t-4.65 1.23c-2.07.87-2.48 1.36-3.31 2.32q-1.23 1.455-1.23 3.63c0 1.02.23 1.93.69 2.72.46.8 1.05 1.45 1.78 1.96s1.54.9 2.43 1.16c.9.27 1.8.4 2.72.4 2.32 0 4.24-.34 5.74-1.02s2.7-1.56 3.6-2.65a9.14 9.14 0 0 0 1.85-3.71c.34-1.38.51-2.77.51-4.18v-2.25h-4.79Zm19.85-12.79h-6.36v-3.92h6.36v-5.14c0-2.18.33-3.98.98-5.41q.975-2.145 2.43-3.45c.97-.87 2.05-1.49 3.23-1.85 1.19-.36 2.31-.54 3.38-.54q3.045 0 5.01.87l-.87 3.78c-.97-.48-2.28-.73-3.92-.73q-5.88 0-5.88 8.94v3.54h8.46v3.92h-8.46v29.64h-4.36V92.48Zm18.54-13.71c0-.92.31-1.69.94-2.32s1.4-.94 2.32-.94 1.69.32 2.32.94c.63.63.94 1.41.94 2.32s-.32 1.7-.94 2.32c-.63.63-1.41.94-2.32.94s-1.7-.31-2.32-.94c-.63-.63-.94-1.4-.94-2.32m1.09 9.79h4.36v33.56h-4.36zm43.1 27.24c-1.7 2.57-3.79 4.41-6.28 5.52s-5.24 1.67-8.24 1.67c-2.57 0-4.89-.44-6.97-1.31s-3.87-2.09-5.38-3.67c-1.5-1.57-2.65-3.44-3.45-5.59s-1.2-4.54-1.2-7.16.41-4.84 1.24-6.97c.82-2.13 1.99-3.98 3.49-5.56 1.5-1.57 3.27-2.81 5.3-3.7 2.03-.9 4.29-1.34 6.76-1.34s4.83.45 6.79 1.34c1.96.9 3.61 2.08 4.94 3.56s2.34 3.16 3.01 5.05c.68 1.89 1.02 3.8 1.02 5.74v3.05h-28.19c0 .92.18 2.1.55 3.52.36 1.43 1.03 2.82 2 4.18s2.26 2.52 3.89 3.49c1.62.97 3.72 1.45 6.28 1.45 2.23 0 4.38-.53 6.47-1.6 2.08-1.06 3.68-2.52 4.79-4.36l3.2 2.69Zm-3.34-13.29c0-1.5-.3-2.91-.91-4.21-.61-1.31-1.43-2.46-2.47-3.45s-2.28-1.78-3.7-2.36c-1.43-.58-2.94-.87-4.54-.87-2.37 0-4.35.48-5.92 1.45s-2.82 2.08-3.74 3.34-1.57 2.48-1.96 3.67-.58 2-.58 2.43h23.83Z"/><path fill="#c3172e" d="M114.59 2v66.41h69.09V2zm31.36 62.44H133.5c-7.26 0-12.88-4.63-12.88-12.17 0-9.54 9.04-20.92 20.71-20.92h7.83l-2.63 10.82h-7.54c-3.06 0-6.19 3.2-6.19 5.98 0 1.64.78 4.27 3.42 4.27h12.67l-2.92 12.03Zm2.71-22.27 2.99-12.31h-5.76l2.35-9.61h9.54l-5.41 21.92h-3.7Zm28.96 0h-11.1l-1.28 5.12s-.36 1.28-.21 2.13c.36 2.06 1.92 2.99 3.84 2.99h8.75l-2.99 12.03h-9.04c-7.12 0-12.95-4.63-12.95-12.03 0-1.57.43-3.91 1.28-7.97l5.98-24.19h12.03l-2.78 11.1h11.17z"/> </svg> <span class="magazine-nav__title"> c't Fotografie - Das Magazin rund ums digitale Bild </span> </a> </li> <li class=" magazine-nav__item magazine-nav__item--macandi a-theme a-theme--macandi " > <a href="/mac-and-i/" title="Mac & i – Nachrichten, Tests, Tipps und Meinungen rund um Apple" name="topnavi.ho.magazine-nav.macandi" data-google-interstitial=false class="magazine-nav__link magazine-nav__link--macandi" > <svg preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 600 145" class="mac-logo magazin-nav__svg" > <title>Mac an i Logo</title> <path d="M115.67,142.81l8.41-57c2.33-15.42,4.66-29.45,7.1-42.59-6.78,15.58-13.49,30.1-19.25,41.61L84,140.61H59.55l-4.9-55.72c-.89-11-1.75-25.1-2.56-42q-1,4.95-2.07,9.94c-2.56,12.32-5,24-7.2,33.5L29.2,142.81H0L34.41,5.59H75.26l4.3,52.33c.2,3.22.44,6.59.69,10.1.62,8.54,1.3,18,1.59,27.5C87.05,81.44,93.6,67.27,98.27,57.44L123.59,5.59h41.35L146.41,142.81Zm115.07-16c-.07,1.09-.15,2.18-.22,3.25-.28,4-.55,7.77-.67,11.29l0,1.43H259l-.05-1.43c-.41-12.63,1.74-31.88,4-43.57l10.41-52.29-1.18-.37a115.86,115.86,0,0,0-32.73-4.86c-48.93,0-71.21,36-71.21,69.41,0,21.12,12.42,35.3,30.91,35.3C211.76,145,222.84,138.59,230.74,126.84Zm7-61.49L233.67,86.5c-4.61,24.06-14.94,32.59-22.38,32.59-9,0-10.39-9.25-10.39-14.77,0-18.27,13.43-39.51,30.74-39.51A38.56,38.56,0,0,1,237.79,65.35Zm115,74.12.79-.38-.23-24.64-1.88.75a47.9,47.9,0,0,1-18.83,3.89c-8.59,0-17.77-4.93-17.77-18.77C314.85,78,331.2,66,346.58,66a31.81,31.81,0,0,1,12.64,2.28l1.38.58L368.66,44l-1.26-.46A61.37,61.37,0,0,0,347,40.29c-37.07,0-65,27.19-65,63.23,0,25.08,16.67,41.28,42.48,41.28C335.29,144.8,345.88,142.81,352.77,139.47Zm222.05,3.34L593.9,42.49H562.36L543.28,142.81Zm6.84-109.72c10.62,0,18.34-7.38,18.34-17.54,0-9.3-6.41-15.55-16-15.55a17.65,17.65,0,0,0-17.94,17.74c0,9,6.23,15.35,15.15,15.35ZM510,140.52l2,2.29H474.44l-.41-.44a72.72,72.72,0,0,1-5.6-7l-.86-1.17c-10.26,7.29-22,10.83-35.81,10.83-26.17,0-43.07-14.48-43.07-36.89,0-17.69,10.88-31.92,32.36-42.3-4.79-8.23-7-15.42-7-22.53C414,20.16,432.3,3.39,457.5,3.39,478.73,3.39,493,16,493,34.7c0,15.14-10.48,27.18-33,37.82,5,7.75,11.49,16.76,16.31,23.38A88.38,88.38,0,0,0,489,74.78h29.56c-7.19,17.43-15.84,30.6-27.31,41.69A293,293,0,0,0,510,140.52Zm-55.62-25C447,105.82,438.81,94.22,432.2,84c-5.22,4-11.42,10.16-11.42,19.14,0,10.67,7.52,17.57,19.16,17.57A22,22,0,0,0,454.4,115.49ZM464.69,34.9c0-2.39-.71-10.19-9.79-10.19-6.94,0-12.38,6.84-12.38,15.57a25.7,25.7,0,0,0,5,15C455.61,51.41,464.69,44.82,464.69,34.9Z" fill="#2a2521"/> </svg> <span class="magazine-nav__title"> Mac & i – Nachrichten, Tests, Tipps und Meinungen rund um Apple </span> </a> </li> <li class=" magazine-nav__item magazine-nav__item--make a-theme a-theme--make " > <a href="/make/" title="Make – Kreativ mit Technik" name="topnavi.ho.magazine-nav.make" data-google-interstitial=false class="magazine-nav__link magazine-nav__link--make" > <svg preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 600 178" class="make-logo magazin-nav__svg" > <title>Make Logo</title> <path d="M559.08,49.1H600V85.87H559.08Zm0,89.6H600v36.77H559.08ZM430,112.34c0-49.1,37.39-66,63.39-66s58,13,58,70.41v5.76H467.76c1.92,20.91,13.51,28.89,29.33,28.89,14.92,0,28.83-7.37,37.4-15.15L549.2,159c-14.71,12.52-32.86,19-54.93,19C461.41,178,430,161.13,430,112.34ZM517.15,100c-1.91-17.78-9.88-26.26-24.19-26.26-11.89,0-22,7.77-24.79,26.26ZM319.3,0h38.1V96.17L396.71,49h40.92L396.41,96.17,440,175.37H400.74l-27.92-51.52L357.4,141.13v34.14H319.3V0ZM188.68,143.15c0-29.2,24.59-45.26,79.92-49.81V90.21c0-9.29-4.73-15.15-17-15.15-16,0-29.73,6.57-41.42,15.66l-16-21.82c12.5-11.32,31.45-22.53,62.89-22.53,34.47,0,48.79,17.07,48.79,49.5v48.69c0,15.16,1,24.45,3.52,30.81H271.43a61.15,61.15,0,0,1-2.83-18.48c-11.59,13-25.29,20.4-44,20.4C205.31,177.19,188.68,164.67,188.68,143.15Zm79.92-5.56V114.26c-30,3.13-42.83,10.7-42.83,22.22,0,8.08,5.74,12.12,13.91,12.12C253.08,148.6,262.25,144.06,268.6,137.59ZM0,0H50.8l39,129h.41L126.69,0h52V175.47H141.61V55.66h-.4c-2.62,15.16-6,26.27-9.68,39.1l-26.2,80.61H71.16l-26-80.61A322.28,322.28,0,0,1,35,53.74h-.4V175.37H0V0Z" fill="#e2001a"/> </svg> <span class="magazine-nav__title"> Make – Kreativ mit Technik </span> </a> </li> <li class=" magazine-nav__item magazine-nav__item--select a-theme a-theme--select " > <a href="/select/" title="Alle Magazine im Browser lesen" name="topnavi.ho.magazine-nav.select" data-google-interstitial=false class="magazine-nav__link magazine-nav__link--select" > <span class="magazine-nav__title"> Alle Magazine im Browser lesen </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <nav class="navigation " aria-label="heiseonline-Navigation" role="navigation" > <ul class="navigation__list navigation__list--two-cols"> <li> <a href="/plus" title="heise+ - Immer mehr Wissen." name="header.ho.heiseplus" data-google-interstitial=false class="navigation__logo-link navigation__head"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 860 200" role="img" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" class="heise-plus-logo navigation__heiseplus-logo" > <style> .plus-logo-svg-path-heise { fill: #6f7d93; } .plus-logo-svg-path-plus { fill: #14315b; } .dark .plus-logo-svg-path-heise, .dark .plus-logo-svg-path-plus { fill: #f2f2f2; } </style> <path class="plus-logo-svg-path-heise" d="M786.24 179.42v-45.19h-43.23v-25.54h43.23V63.5h26.53v45.19H856v25.54h-43.23v45.19z" /> <path class="plus-logo-svg-path-plus" d="M234.56 191.7V17.43h28.39v44.93l-.99 23.45c5.1-4.77 10.78-9.01 17.04-12.71 6.25-3.7 13.49-5.55 21.73-5.55 13 0 22.47 4.2 28.39 12.59 5.93 8.39 8.89 20.24 8.89 35.55v76.03h-28.39V119.4c0-10.04-1.48-17.11-4.44-21.23-2.96-4.11-7.82-6.17-14.57-6.17-5.27 0-9.92 1.28-13.95 3.83-4.04 2.55-8.6 6.29-13.7 11.23v84.67h-28.39ZM412 194.66c-11.19 0-21.32-2.51-30.37-7.53q-13.575-7.53-21.48-21.72c-5.27-9.46-7.9-20.86-7.9-34.19s2.67-24.52 8.02-34.06 12.3-16.87 20.86-21.97q12.84-7.65 26.91-7.65c11.02 0 20.24 2.43 27.65 7.28 7.41 4.86 13 11.6 16.79 20.24 3.78 8.64 5.68 18.64 5.68 29.99 0 5.92-.41 10.53-1.23 13.82H379.9c1.32 10.7 5.18 19.01 11.6 24.93s14.48 8.89 24.19 8.89c5.27 0 10.16-.78 14.69-2.35 4.52-1.56 9.01-3.74 13.46-6.54l9.63 17.77c-5.76 3.79-12.18 6.91-19.26 9.38s-14.49 3.7-22.22 3.7Zm-32.35-75.04h53.82c0-9.38-2.06-16.74-6.17-22.09-4.12-5.35-10.29-8.02-18.52-8.02-7.08 0-13.37 2.59-18.89 7.78-5.52 5.18-8.93 12.63-10.25 22.34Zm107.62-70.35c-5.1 0-9.22-1.48-12.34-4.44-3.13-2.96-4.69-6.91-4.69-11.85s1.56-8.64 4.69-11.6c3.12-2.96 7.24-4.44 12.34-4.44s9.22 1.48 12.34 4.44 4.69 6.83 4.69 11.6-1.57 8.89-4.69 11.85c-3.13 2.96-7.24 4.44-12.34 4.44M472.95 191.7V70.5h28.39v121.2zm85.47 2.96c-8.23 0-16.46-1.6-24.69-4.81s-15.31-7.2-21.23-11.97l13.33-18.27q8.145 6.18 16.29 9.87c8.145 3.69 11.19 3.7 17.28 3.7 6.58 0 11.44-1.4 14.57-4.2 3.12-2.8 4.69-6.25 4.69-10.37 0-3.46-1.28-6.29-3.83-8.52-2.55-2.22-5.8-4.2-9.75-5.92-3.95-1.73-8.07-3.41-12.34-5.06-5.27-1.97-10.49-4.4-15.68-7.28-5.18-2.88-9.42-6.58-12.71-11.11-3.29-4.52-4.94-10.16-4.94-16.91 0-10.7 3.95-19.42 11.85-26.17s18.6-10.12 32.1-10.12c8.56 0 16.21 1.48 22.96 4.44s12.59 6.34 17.53 10.12l-13.09 17.28q-6.42-4.68-12.96-7.53a34.1 34.1 0 0 0-13.7-2.84c-6.09 0-10.62 1.28-13.58 3.83s-4.44 5.72-4.44 9.5q0 7.155 7.41 10.86c4.94 2.47 10.7 4.86 17.28 7.16 5.59 1.97 11.02 4.4 16.29 7.28s9.67 6.63 13.21 11.23q5.31 6.915 5.31 18.27c0 10.37-4.03 19.22-12.1 26.54s-19.75 10.98-35.06 10.98Zm113.24 0c-11.19 0-21.32-2.51-30.37-7.53q-13.575-7.53-21.48-21.72c-5.27-9.46-7.9-20.86-7.9-34.19s2.67-24.52 8.02-34.06 12.3-16.87 20.86-21.97q12.84-7.65 26.91-7.65c11.02 0 20.24 2.43 27.65 7.28 7.41 4.86 13 11.6 16.79 20.24 3.78 8.64 5.68 18.64 5.68 29.99 0 5.92-.41 10.53-1.24 13.82h-77.03c1.32 10.7 5.18 19.01 11.6 24.93s14.48 8.89 24.19 8.89c5.27 0 10.16-.78 14.69-2.35 4.53-1.56 9.01-3.74 13.46-6.54l9.63 17.77c-5.76 3.79-12.18 6.91-19.26 9.38s-14.49 3.7-22.22 3.7Zm-32.34-75.04h53.82c0-9.38-2.06-16.74-6.17-22.09-4.12-5.35-10.29-8.02-18.52-8.02-7.08 0-13.37 2.59-18.89 7.78-5.52 5.18-8.93 12.63-10.25 22.34ZM107.25 4.65c14.12 6.58 20.23 23.36 13.65 37.48L55.79 181.71c-6.59 14.12-23.37 20.22-37.49 13.64-14.12-6.59-20.23-23.37-13.65-37.48l65.1-139.58C76.34 4.17 93.12-1.93 107.24 4.65m45.08 89.09c-14.12-6.58-30.91-.47-37.49 13.64l-23.55 50.48c-6.59 14.12-.48 30.9 13.65 37.48 14.12 6.58 30.91.47 37.49-13.64l23.55-50.49c6.59-14.12.47-30.9-13.65-37.48" /> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="navigation__item "> <a href="/newsticker/it/" class="navigation__head " name="rubriknavi.ho.it" >IT</a> </li> <li class="navigation__item "> <a href="/newsticker/wissen/" class="navigation__head " name="rubriknavi.ho.wissen" >Wissen</a> </li> <li class="navigation__item "> <a href="/newsticker/mobiles/" class="navigation__head " name="rubriknavi.ho.mobiles" >Mobiles</a> </li> <li class="navigation__item "> <a href="/security" class="navigation__head " name="rubriknavi.ho.security" >Security</a> </li> <li class="navigation__item "> <a href="/developer/" class="navigation__head " name="rubriknavi.ho.developer" >Developer</a> </li> <li class="navigation__item "> <a href="/newsticker/entertainment/" class="navigation__head " name="rubriknavi.ho.entertainment" >Entertainment</a> </li> <li class="navigation__item "> <a href="/newsticker/netzpolitik/" class="navigation__head " name="rubriknavi.ho.netzpolitik" >Netzpolitik</a> </li> <li class="navigation__item "> <a href="/newsticker/wirtschaft/" class="navigation__head " name="rubriknavi.ho.wirtschaft" >Wirtschaft</a> </li> <li class="navigation__item "> <a href="/newsticker/journal/" class="navigation__head " name="rubriknavi.ho.journal" >Journal</a> </li> </ul> <div class="navigation__list navigation__list--horizontal"> <a href="/newsticker/" class=" link navigation__item " name="header.ho.newstickerdropdown.siebentage" > <span > Newsticker </span> </a> <a href="/forum/" class=" link navigation__item " name="header.ho.forum" > <span > Foren </span> </a> </div> </nav> </div> <nav class="top-topics"> <div class="top-topics__section"> <ul class="topics top-topics__list" > <li class="topics__item top-topics__item"> <a class="a-tag" href="/thema/K%C3%BCnstliche-Intelligenz" name="themen.ho.Künstliche Intelligenz 🤖" title="News und Artikel zum Thema Künstliche Intelligenz 🤖" > Künstliche Intelligenz 🤖 </a> </li> <li class="topics__item top-topics__item"> <a class="a-tag" href="/thema/Windows" name="themen.ho.Windows 🪟" title="News und Artikel zum Thema Windows 🪟" > Windows 🪟 </a> </li> <li class="topics__item top-topics__item"> <a class="a-tag" href="/thema/Energie" name="themen.ho.Energie 🔥" title="News und Artikel zum Thema Energie 🔥" > Energie 🔥 </a> </li> <li class="topics__item top-topics__item"> <a class="a-tag" href="/thema/elektronische-Patientenakte-%28ePA%29" name="themen.ho.ePA für alle 📂" title="News und Artikel zum Thema ePA für alle 📂" > ePA für alle 📂 </a> </li> <li class="topics__item top-topics__item"> <a class="a-tag" href="/thema/Raumfahrt" name="themen.ho.Raumfahrt 🚀" title="News und Artikel zum Thema Raumfahrt 🚀" > Raumfahrt 🚀 </a> </li> <li class="topics__item top-topics__item"> <a class="a-tag" href="https://www.heise.de/Hoeren-Sie-von-uns-unsere-Podcasts-4206659.html" name="themen.ho.Podcasts 🎙" title="News und Artikel zum Thema Podcasts 🎙" > Podcasts 🎙 </a> </li>  </ul> </div> <div class="top-topics__section top-topics__ad"> <span class="wrbg-note top-topics__label"> Anzeige </span> <a href="https://it-kenner.heise.de/it-summit-by-heise/" class=" a-tag top-topics__item a-tag--ad " name="themen.ho.nativelink" title="IT Summit" > IT Summit </a> <a href="https://it-kenner.heise.de/secure-it-fuer-unternehmen/" class=" a-tag top-topics__item a-tag--ad " name="themen.ho.nativelink" title="Secure IT für Unternehmen" > Secure IT für Unternehmen </a> </div> </nav> </a-collapse-group> <div class=" notification-links navigation__list navigation__list--horizontal a-u-hide-from-tablet " > <a href="/newsletter/" class=" link navigation__item notification-links__link " name="header.ho.newstickerdropdown.newsletter" data-google-interstitial=false > <svg class="link__svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path id="paper-plane-outline" d="M24,3,0,10l7.92,4.4L8,20l3.78-3.46L18,20ZM17,17.34l-5.48-3L20.85,6.4ZM20.46,5.9,9.6,13.25,4.66,10.51Z" transform="translate(0)"/> </svg> <span > Newsletter </span> </a> <a href="/benachrichtigungen/heise-bot/" class=" link navigation__item notification-links__link " name="header.ho.newstickerdropdown.heisebotti" data-google-interstitial=false > <svg id="logo-botti" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="link__svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" > <title>heise-Bot</title> <path d="M9.3,17.66c-.24.56-.62,1.21-1.32,1.21A.89.89,0,0,1,7.05,18a3,3,0,0,1,.36-1.14l3.18-7.26c.24-.55.55-.95,1.18-.95a.86.86,0,0,1,.89.89A3.36,3.36,0,0,1,12.25,11Zm2.76,1.21c.71,0,1.08-.63,1.34-1.2L14.58,15A3.74,3.74,0,0,0,15,13.59a.86.86,0,0,0-.89-.89c-.64,0-.94.43-1.19,1l-1.42,3.2A2.65,2.65,0,0,0,11.16,18,.86.86,0,0,0,12.06,18.87ZM23.64,8.3a1,1,0,0,0-1.53,1.08A9.42,9.42,0,0,1,19,10.68c-.52-4.49-4.34-7.14-8.87-7.14A10.33,10.33,0,0,0,4.4,5.22,11.49,11.49,0,0,1,2.09,1.78,1,1,0,0,0,2.51.91,1,1,0,0,0,.56,1a1,1,0,0,0,1,.91,15.71,15.71,0,0,1,1,4.84,10.36,10.36,0,0,0-2.58,7c0,5.77,4.64,9.85,10.27,9.85a10.08,10.08,0,0,0,7.47-3.53l-.42-.63a7.92,7.92,0,0,1-1,.86,10.65,10.65,0,0,1-6.16,1.94A7.51,7.51,0,0,1,2.7,14.53c0-4.82,1.92-9.13,7.37-9.13,4.07,0,7.37,2.74,7.37,7a6.65,6.65,0,0,1-1.46,4l.72.62a7.79,7.79,0,0,0,2.23-3.91,16,16,0,0,1,3.51-3.27,1,1,0,0,0,1.35-.17A1,1,0,0,0,23.64,8.3ZM10.08,21c.39.09.18-.36.48-.56s.75-.39.81-.69a1.58,1.58,0,0,1-.93.05,6.43,6.43,0,0,1-1.27-.49,2,2,0,0,0,.15,1A1,1,0,0,0,10.08,21Z" transform="translate(0 0)"/> </svg> <span > heise-Bot </span> </a> <a href="/benachrichtigungen/" class=" link navigation__item notification-links__link " name="header.ho.newstickerdropdown.pushnachrichten" data-google-interstitial=false > <svg id="cp-bell-outline" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="link__svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" > <title>Push Nachrichten</title> <path d="M15,20.9c0,1.6-1.3,2.9-3,3c-1.6-0.1-2.9-1.4-3-3h1.7c0,0,0,0,0,0.1c0,0.7,0.6,1.3,1.3,1.3 c0.7,0,1.3-0.6,1.3-1.3c0,0,0,0,0-0.1H15z M21.9,17.2v1.7H2.1v-1.7C6.9,15.6,4.2,6.7,8.9,4c0.6-0.4,1-1.1,1-1.8l0,0 c0-1,0.7-2,1.7-2.2C11.9,0,12.1,0,12.4,0c1,0.2,1.7,1.1,1.7,2.1l0,0c0,0.7,0.4,1.4,1,1.8C19.7,6.7,17.1,15.6,21.9,17.2z M19.2,16.9 c-4-2-1.4-9.6-5.8-12.2c-0.1-0.1-0.2-0.1-0.4-0.2c-0.3-0.2-0.6-0.3-1-0.3c-0.3,0-0.6,0.1-0.9,0.2c-0.2,0.1-0.3,0.1-0.5,0.2 C6.1,7.4,8.8,14.9,4.8,16.9H19.2z"/> </svg> <span class="a-u-hide-from-tablet"> Push </span> <span class="a-u-show-from-tablet"> Push-Nachrichten </span> </a> <a-color-scheme class="a-u-show-from-tablet a-cholor-scheme-tablet"></a-color-scheme> </div> <nav class="sitemap sitemap-group--in-navigation" aria-label="Sitemap"> <a-collapse class="sitemap-group " has-indicator media="(max-width: 929px)" toggle-attr-on-media="disabled" > <div class=" sitemap-group__header navigation__head " data-collapse-trigger > IT News </div> <div class="sitemap-group__content" data-collapse-target > <ul class="sitemap-group__items "> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--newsticker"> <a href="/newsticker/" title="heise online - Newsticker" name="header.ho.sitemap.newsticker" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Newsticker</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Hintergründe"> <a href="/hintergrund" title="heise online - Hintergründe" name="header.ho.sitemap.Hintergründe" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Hintergründe</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Ratgeber"> <a href="/ratgeber" title="heise online - Ratgeber" name="header.ho.sitemap.Ratgeber" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Ratgeber</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Tests"> <a href="/tests" title="heise online - Testberichte" name="header.ho.sitemap.Tests" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Tests</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Meinung"> <a href="/meinung" title="heise online - Meinungen" name="header.ho.sitemap.Meinung" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Meinungen</a> </li> </ul> </div> </a-collapse> <a-collapse class="sitemap-group " has-indicator media="(max-width: 929px)" toggle-attr-on-media="disabled" > <div class=" sitemap-group__header navigation__head " data-collapse-trigger > Online-Magazine </div> <div class="sitemap-group__content" data-collapse-target > <ul class="sitemap-group__items "> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heiseplus"> <a href="/plus/" title="heise+ - Immer mehr Wissen." name="header.ho.sitemap.heiseplus" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link sitemap-group__link--heiseplus" >heise<span class="sitemap_group__heiseplus-icon">+</span></a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--tp"> <a href="https://www.telepolis.de" title="Telepolis" name="header.ho.sitemap.tp" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Telepolis</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--autos"> <a href="/autos/" title="heise autos – News, Tests, Technik, Service rund ums Auto" name="header.ho.sitemap.autos" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise autos</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--bestenlisten"> <a href="/bestenlisten" title="bestenlisten by TechStage" name="header.ho.sitemap.bestenlisten" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >bestenlisten</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--tipps-tricks"> <a href="/tipps-tricks/" title="tipps+tricks" name="header.ho.sitemap.tipps-tricks" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >tipps+tricks</a> </li> </ul> </div> </a-collapse> <a-collapse class="sitemap-group sitemap-group--2-col" has-indicator media="(max-width: 929px)" toggle-attr-on-media="disabled" > <div class=" sitemap-group__header navigation__head " data-collapse-trigger > Services </div> <div class="sitemap-group__content" data-collapse-target > <ul class="sitemap-group__items "> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Shop"> <a href="https://shop.heise.de/" title="heise shop – IT-Zeitschriften, Fachbücher, eBooks, digitale Magazine und Gadgets" name="header.ho.sitemap.Shop" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise shop</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Arbeiten bei Heise"> <a href="https://jobs.heise.de/" title="heise jobs – Jobbörse für qualifizierte Fach- und Führungskräfte aus der IT-Branche" name="header.ho.sitemap.Arbeiten bei Heise" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise jobs</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise academy"> <a href="https://heise-academy.de/" title="heise academy - Weiterbildung für IT-Profis von heise medien" name="header.ho.sitemap.heise academy" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise academy</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--download"> <a href="/download/" title="heise download – Software, Apps & Spiele sicher herunterladen" name="header.ho.sitemap.download" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise download</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise preisvergleich"> <a href="https://preisvergleich.heise.de" title="heise preisvergleich – Günstige Preise, Meinungen und Bewertungen zu vielen Produkten" name="header.ho.sitemap.heise preisvergleich" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise preisvergleich</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Tarifrechner"> <a href="https://www.heise.de/tarifrechner" title="Tarifrechner" name="header.ho.sitemap.Tarifrechner" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Tarifrechner</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise compaliate"> <a href="https://compaliate.heise.de/" title="heise compaliate – Entdecke die heise Affiliate Plattform" name="header.ho.sitemap.heise compaliate" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise compaliate</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Abo bestellen"> <a href="https://shop.heise.de/zeitschriften-abo/" title="Abo – c't, iX, c't Fotografie, Mac & i, Make" name="header.ho.sitemap.Abo bestellen" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Abo bestellen</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Mein Abo"> <a href="https://www.heise.de/meinabo" title="Abo verwalten - Mein persönlicher Abo-Bereich" name="header.ho.sitemap.Mein Abo" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Mein Abo</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Netzwerktools"> <a href="https://www.heise.de/tools" title="heise online - Netzwerktools" name="header.ho.sitemap.Netzwerktools" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Netzwerktools</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--iMonitor"> <a href="https://www.heise.de/netze/netzwerk-tools/imonitor-internet-stoerungen/" title="heise iMonitor" name="header.ho.sitemap.iMonitor" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >iMonitor</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--loseblattwerke"> <a href="/loseblattwerke/" title="Loseblattwerke" name="header.ho.sitemap.loseblattwerke" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Loseblattwerke</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--spiele"> <a href="https://spiele.heise.de" title="heise Spiele" name="header.ho.sitemap.spiele" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Spiele</a> </li> </ul> </div> </a-collapse> <a-collapse class="sitemap-group " has-indicator media="(max-width: 929px)" toggle-attr-on-media="disabled" > <div class=" sitemap-group__header navigation__head " data-collapse-trigger > Über Uns </div> <div class="sitemap-group__content" data-collapse-target > <ul class="sitemap-group__items "> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise medien"> <a href="https://www.heisegroup.de/artikel/heise-medien-3904998.html" title="heise medien - Hochwertiger und unabhängiger Journalismus" name="header.ho.sitemap.heise medien" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise medien</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise regioconcept"> <a href="https://www.heise-regioconcept.de/" title="heise regioconcept - Regionales Marketing für Unternehmen" name="header.ho.sitemap.heise regioconcept" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise regioconcept</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise business services"> <a href="https://business-services.heise.de/" title="heise business services – Produkte und Lösungen namhafter IT-Hersteller" name="header.ho.sitemap.heise business services" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise business services</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise96"> <a href="https://www.heisegroup.de" title="Sponsoring Hannover 96" name="header.ho.sitemap.heise96" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Sponsoring<img src="/icons/ho/h96-logo.svg" width="48" height="55" alt="Logo Hannover 96" class="sitemap-group__img sitemap-group__img--h96" loading="lazy" /></a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--mediadaten"> <a href="https://mediadaten.heise.de/" title="Mediadaten heise medien" name="header.ho.sitemap.mediadaten" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Mediadaten</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Karriere"> <a href="https://www.heisegroup.de/artikel/heise-als-Arbeitgeber-1812545.html" title="Arbeiten bei heise – Heise als Arbeitgeber" name="header.ho.sitemap.Karriere" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Karriere</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--presse"> <a href="https://www.heisegroup.de/presse/" title="Pressemitteilungen und Interviews" name="header.ho.sitemap.presse" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Presse</a> </li> </ul> </div> </a-collapse> </nav> <div class="header__login"> <svg class="header__login-icon"> <use href="/icons/common-icons.svg#login"></use> </svg> <a-login label="" class="header__login-link"></a-login> </div> <a-color-scheme class="a-u-hide-from-tablet a-cholor-scheme-mobile"></a-color-scheme> </div> </a-collapse> </header> </div> </div> <script> performance.mark('HEADER Ende'); performance.measure('HEADER', 'HEADER Anfang', 'HEADER Ende'); </script> <div class="a-layout__container a-layout__container--full-width"> <div class="a-layout__item a-layout__item--full-width"> <div> <div id="HEI_D_Stage-label" style="display: none;" class="ad-label" >Anzeige</div> <div id="HEI_D_Stage" class="ad ad--stage" ></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class=" a-layout__container a-layout__container--center" > <div class=" a-layout__main a-layout__main--small " > <script>performance.mark('CONTENT Anfang');</script> <section class="article-content newsletter-index a-theme"> <header class="article-header"> <h1 class="a-article-header__title"> Newsletter-Übersicht </h1> </header> <div class="newsletter-index__teaser-group"> <h2 class="newsletter-index__heading"></h2> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=ho" name="newsletter.index.heise_online_daily" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link newsletter-index-teaser__with-image" > <figure class="newsletter-index-teaser__image-container"> <img src="/icons/svg/logos/svg/heise_online.svg" alt="newsticker-Logo" class="newsletter-index-teaser__image" > </figure> <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="ho" > heise online daily </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Unsere Redaktion schickt Ihnen an jedem Werktag frühmorgens eine Zusammenfassung und Einordnung der wichtigsten Ereignisse und Meldungen aus der Nacht und ausgewählte Top-Stories des heise+ Teams. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=newsticker" name="newsletter.index.heise_online_newsticker" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="newsticker" > heise online newsticker </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Jeden Morgen erhalten Sie eine Liste aller Newsticker-Meldungen der vergangenen 24 Stunden. Mit einem Mausklick können Sie auf einzelne Meldungen zugreifen. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=heiseplus" name="newsletter.index.heise+_update" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link newsletter-index-teaser__with-image" > <figure class="newsletter-index-teaser__image-container"> <img src="/icons/svg/logos/svg/heise_plus_positiv.svg" alt="heiseplus-Logo" class="newsletter-index-teaser__image" > </figure> <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="heiseplus" > heise+ Update </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Jeden Freitag gibt die heise-online-Chefredaktion in diesem Newsletter persönliche Lesetipps aus dem Universum von heise+, unser digitales Abo für IT und Technik. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=topnewsletter-ho" name="newsletter.index.top-newsletter" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="topnewsletter-ho" > Top-Newsletter </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Zweimal die Woche am Dienstag früh und Donnerstag Mittag erhalten Sie eine Auswahl von redaktionell empfohlenen sowie meist gelesenen und kommentierten Meldungen, die jeweils seit dem letzten Versandtermin im Newsticker auf heise online (heise.de) erschienen sind. </p> </div> </a> </article> </div> <div class="newsletter-index__teaser-group"> <h2 class="newsletter-index__heading">Themen-Newsletter</h2> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=digital-health" name="newsletter.index.digital_health" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="digital-health" > Digital Health </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Alle 14 Tage bieten wir Ihnen eine Übersicht der neuesten Entwicklungen in der Digitalisierung des Gesundheitswesens und beleuchten deren Auswirkungen. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=heise-meets" name="newsletter.index.heise_meets" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="heise-meets" > heise meets </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Unser Newsletter informiert Sie über kommende Podcast-Themen. Jetzt anmelden, mitmachen und keine Folge verpassen! </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=hardware" name="newsletter.index.heise_online_hardware_&_netze" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="hardware" > heise online hardware & netze </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Jeweils am Dienstag und Freitag informiert Sie dieser Themen-Newsletter über alle Newsticker-Meldungen, die in den vergangenen Tagen zu den Themen Computer-Komplettsysteme, Prozessoren, Speicher, Mainboards, Grafikkarten und Netzwerke erschienen sind. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=karriere" name="newsletter.index.heise_online_karriere" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="karriere" > heise online Karriere </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Der neue Karriere-Newsletter von heise online - Alle zwei Wochen beantworten wir zahlreiche Fragen zu den Themen Karriere, Bewerbung und Gehalt in der IT. Dazu gibt es aktuelle Karriere-News aus dem IT-Bereich. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=ki-update" name="newsletter.index.ki-update" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="ki-update" > KI-Update </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Werktägliches Update zu den wichtigsten KI-Entwicklungen, freitags immer mit Deep Dive. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=windows" name="newsletter.index.windows" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="windows" > Windows </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Jeden Montag erhalten Sie eine Übersicht über alle Newsticker-Meldungen, die in den vergangenen Tagen zum Thema Windows erschienen sind. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=wirtschaft" name="newsletter.index.wirtschaft" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="wirtschaft" > Wirtschaft </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Jeweils am Dienstag und Freitag informiert Sie der Themen-Newsletter Wirtschaft über alle Nachrichten, die in den vergangenen Tagen zu diesem Thema im Newsticker erschienen sind. </p> </div> </a> </article> </div> <div class="newsletter-index__teaser-group"> <h2 class="newsletter-index__heading">Verlagsnewsletter</h2> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=events" name="newsletter.index.heise_academy" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link newsletter-index-teaser__with-image" > <figure class="newsletter-index-teaser__image-container"> <img src="/icons/svg/logos/svg/heise_academy.svg" alt="academy-Logo" class="newsletter-index-teaser__image" > </figure> <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="events" > heise academy </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Lassen Sie sich über neue Events und Videokurse für IT-Professionals informieren und profitieren Sie von exklusiven Frühbucherrabatten. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=heise-shop" name="newsletter.index.heise_shop" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link newsletter-index-teaser__with-image" > <figure class="newsletter-index-teaser__image-container"> <img src="/icons/svg/logos/svg/heise_shop.svg" alt="shop-Logo" class="newsletter-index-teaser__image" > </figure> <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="heise-shop" > heise shop </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Holen Sie sich mit dem Newsletter des heise shop regelmäßig die aktuellen Infos über neue Sonderhefte, Fachbücher, E-Books oder spannende Produkte für Bastler und c’t-Fans ins Postfach. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=verlagsnachrichten" name="newsletter.index.verlagsnachrichten" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link newsletter-index-teaser__with-image" > <figure class="newsletter-index-teaser__image-container"> <img src="/icons/svg/logos/svg/heise_group.svg" alt="hmg-Logo" class="newsletter-index-teaser__image" > </figure> <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="verlagsnachrichten" > Verlagsnachrichten </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Mit diesem Newsletter erhalten Sie in monatlichen Abständen einen kleinen Einblick in den heise-Alltag und Infos über neue Produkte, Sonderhefte, Spezialaktionen und Veranstaltungen des Verlags direkt nach Hause. </p> </div> </a> </article> </div> <div class="newsletter-index__teaser-group"> <h2 class="newsletter-index__heading">Newsletter der Themen-Sites</h2> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=ct-foto-abo-newsletter" name="newsletter.index.c't_fotografie_zoom_in" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link newsletter-index-teaser__with-image" > <figure class="newsletter-index-teaser__image-container"> <img src="/icons/svg/logos/svg/foto.svg" alt="foto-Logo" class="newsletter-index-teaser__image" > </figure> <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="ct-foto-abo-newsletter" > c't Fotografie Zoom In </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Jeden Samstag senden wir Ihnen eine E-Mail mit einem redaktionellen Beitrag (Fotografie-Workshop, News, Buchtipp etc.). Dazu präsentieren wir Ihnen die wichtigsten Fotonews der Woche und Interessantes aus dem weiten Feld der Fotografie. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=heise-autos" name="newsletter.index.heise_autos" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link newsletter-index-teaser__with-image" > <figure class="newsletter-index-teaser__image-container"> <img src="/icons/svg/logos/svg/heise_autos.svg" alt="autos-Logo" class="newsletter-index-teaser__image" > </figure> <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="heise-autos" > heise autos </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Zweimal pro Woche, jeweils am Montag und Donnerstag, erhalten Sie eine Zusammenfassung aller Newsmeldungen der letzten Tage von heise autos. So verpassen Sie keine wichtige Nachricht, auch wenn Sie nicht täglich die aktuellen News lesen. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=developer" name="newsletter.index.heise_developer" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link newsletter-index-teaser__with-image" > <figure class="newsletter-index-teaser__image-container"> <img src="/icons/svg/logos/svg/heise_developer.svg" alt="developer-Logo" class="newsletter-index-teaser__image" > </figure> <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="developer" > heise developer </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Jeweils am Montag und Donnerstag informiert Sie der Themen-Newsletter Development über alle Nachrichten, die in den vergangenen Tagen zum Thema Software-Entwicklung im Newsticker erschienen sind. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=heisec-summary" name="newsletter.index.heise_security" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link newsletter-index-teaser__with-image" > <figure class="newsletter-index-teaser__image-container"> <img src="/icons/svg/logos/svg/heise_security.svg" alt="security-Logo" class="newsletter-index-teaser__image" > </figure> <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="heisec-summary" > heise security </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Zweimal die Woche, Montags und Donnerstags, erhalten Sie eine Zusammenstellung aller sicherheitsrelevanten Ticker-Meldungen und Hintergrundberichte von heise security. Dieser Newsletter wendet sich an alle, die nicht in Echtzeit informiert sein müssen, aber dennoch keine wichtige Info verpassen wollen. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=maker-faire" name="newsletter.index.maker_faire" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link newsletter-index-teaser__with-image" > <figure class="newsletter-index-teaser__image-container"> <img src="/icons/svg/logos/svg/maker_faire.svg" alt="makerfaire-Logo" class="newsletter-index-teaser__image" > </figure> <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="maker-faire" > Maker Faire </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Bleiben Sie über alle Maker Faires in der D/A/CH-Region sowie Themen rund herum stets auf dem Laufenden und abonnieren Sie unseren zweimal im Monat erscheinenden Newsletter. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="https://www.techstage.de/info/newsletter/d74jmgr" name="newsletter.index.techstage" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link newsletter-index-teaser__with-image" > <figure class="newsletter-index-teaser__image-container"> <img src="/icons/svg/logos/svg/TechStage.svg" alt="techstage-Logo" class="newsletter-index-teaser__image" > </figure> <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="techstage" > TechStage </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Wir informieren täglich über die Highlights aus der mobilen Welt rund um Tablets, Smartphones und Apps. </p> </div> </a> </article> </div> <div class="newsletter-index__teaser-group"> <h2 class="newsletter-index__heading">Magazin-Newsletter</h2> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=ct3003" name="newsletter.index.c't_3003_hype" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="ct3003" > c't 3003 Hype </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Was bleibt vom Hype? Jeden Donnerstag beleuchten Jonathan, Keno und Lukas von c't 3003 aktuelle Trends und schätzen ein, wie es mit ihnen weitergehen könnte. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=ct-club" name="newsletter.index.c't_club" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="ct-club" > c't Club </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Nur für c't-Abonnenten: Erhalten Sie jeden Dienstag nerdiges Fachwissen und exklusive Hintergründe aus der Redaktion. Willkommen im c't Club! </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=ct-ddigital" name="newsletter.index.c't_d.digital" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="ct-ddigital" > c't D.digital </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Alle News und Debatten zum Thema Digitalisierung: Abonnieren Sie jetzt den kostenlosen c't-Newsletter D.digital. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=ct-magazin" name="newsletter.index.c't_exklusiv" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link newsletter-index-teaser__with-image" > <figure class="newsletter-index-teaser__image-container"> <img src="/icons/svg/logos/svg/ct_flat.svg" alt="ct-Logo" class="newsletter-index-teaser__image" > </figure> <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="ct-magazin" > c't exklusiv </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Wir holen Sie ab – zumindest thematisch: Die c't-Redaktion führt Sie durch jede neue Ausgabe und gibt Ihnen persönliche Einschätzungen. Jeden zweiten Donnerstag. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=ct-opensource" name="newsletter.index.c't_open_source_spotlight" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="ct-opensource" > c't Open Source Spotlight </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> NEU von c't: Innovative Software, spannende Projekte - erweitern Sie Ihre Möglichkeiten und werden Sie Teil der Open Source Community - jeden zweiten Freitag neu. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=ct-specials" name="newsletter.index.c't_specials" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="ct-specials" > c't Specials </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Mehrmals im Jahr erhalten Sie jeweils zum Erscheinen von c't-Sonderheften Informationen zum Inhalt und zu den Bezugsquellen. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=ct-techcheck" name="newsletter.index.c't_tech-check" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="ct-techcheck" > c't Tech-Check </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> NEU von c’t: Ihr Wissensvorsprung für die Welt der Technik: Unsere Analyse zu neuen Entwicklungen in Hardware und Software. Jeden zweiten Montag. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=ct-vorsichtkunde" name="newsletter.index.c't_vorsicht,_kunde!" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="ct-vorsichtkunde" > c't Vorsicht, Kunde! </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Lassen Sie sich nicht austricksen! Ihr Wissensvorsprung mit Verbrauchertipps, News und echten Fällen – jeden zweiten Freitag neu. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=ix-sofortlesen" name="newsletter.index.ix_sofortlesen" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="ix-sofortlesen" > iX Sofortlesen </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Dieser Newsletter informiert Sie in unregelmäßigen Abständen, wenn aktuelle Artikel aus der kommenden iX bereits vorab digital zum Lesen verfügbar sind. Der Sofortlesen-Service ist exklusiv den Abonnenten von iX vorbehalten und setzt einen Account bei heise online voraus, der mit dem Abonnement verknüpft werden muss. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=ix-inhalt" name="newsletter.index.ix-newsletter" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link newsletter-index-teaser__with-image" > <figure class="newsletter-index-teaser__image-container"> <img src="/icons/svg/logos/svg/ix.svg" alt="ix-Logo" class="newsletter-index-teaser__image" > </figure> <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="ix-inhalt" > iX-Newsletter </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Die iX-Inhalt-Mailingliste informiert ein Mal pro Monat über alle Themen des kommenden Heftes - in der Regel einen Tag vor dem Erscheinen am Kiosk. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=mac-and-i" name="newsletter.index.mac_&_i_news" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link newsletter-index-teaser__with-image" > <figure class="newsletter-index-teaser__image-container"> <img src="/icons/svg/logos/svg/mac.svg" alt="mac-and-i-Logo" class="newsletter-index-teaser__image" > </figure> <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="mac-and-i" > Mac & i News </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Jeden Morgen informiert Sie der Newsletter "Mac & i" über alle Nachrichten, die in den vergangenen 24 Stunden zum Thema "Apple" erschienen sind. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=hardware-hacks" name="newsletter.index.make-newsletter" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link newsletter-index-teaser__with-image" > <figure class="newsletter-index-teaser__image-container"> <img src="/icons/svg/logos/svg/make.svg" alt="make-Logo" class="newsletter-index-teaser__image" > </figure> <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="hardware-hacks" > Make-Newsletter </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Jeden Montag erhalten Sie eine Übersicht aller Neuigkeiten, aktueller Projekte und Hintergrund-Artikel rund um den kreativen Umgang mit Technik. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=technology-review" name="newsletter.index.mit_technology_review_–_weekly_briefing" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link newsletter-index-teaser__with-image" > <figure class="newsletter-index-teaser__image-container"> <img src="/icons/svg/logos/svg/mit_technology_review.svg" alt="tr-Logo" class="newsletter-index-teaser__image" > </figure> <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="technology-review" > MIT Technology Review – Weekly Briefing </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Jeden Freitag erhalten Sie eine Übersicht der wichtigsten Themen aus der Wissenschaft- und Tech-Welt – kuratiert und bewertet von TR-Chefredakteur Luca Caracciolo. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=tp-aktuell-tgl" name="newsletter.index.telepolis_-_täglich" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link newsletter-index-teaser__with-image" > <figure class="newsletter-index-teaser__image-container"> <img src="/icons/svg/logos/svg/telepolis.svg" alt="tp-Logo" class="newsletter-index-teaser__image" > </figure> <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="tp-aktuell-tgl" > Telepolis - täglich </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Dieser Newsletter informiert Sie tagesaktuell per E-Mail über neue Artikel und Themen des Online-Magazins Telepolis. Sobald bei Telepolis ein neuer Beitrag erscheint – als eingeschriebenes Mitglied dieser Mailingliste erfahren Sie es zuerst. </p> </div> </a> </article> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=tp-aktuell-whl" name="newsletter.index.telepolis_-_wöchentlich" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="tp-aktuell-whl" > Telepolis - wöchentlich </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Dieser Newsletter informiert Sie wöchentlich per E-Mail über die erschienenen Artikel und Themen des Online-Magazins Telepolis. Als eingeschriebenes Mitglied dieser Mailingliste bekommen Sie alle sieben Tage die komplette Auflistung aller Beiträge. </p> </div> </a> </article> </div> <div class="newsletter-index__teaser-group"> <h2 class="newsletter-index__heading">Allgemeines Werbeeinverständnis</h2> <article class="newsletter-index-teaser"> <a href="/newsletter/anmeldung.html?id=werbung" name="newsletter.index.werbeeinverständnis_für_heise_medien_abgeben" title="Zur Newsletter-Anmeldung" class="newsletter-index-teaser__link" > <div class="newsletter-index-teaser__content-container"> <header> <h3 class="newsletter-index-teaser__title" id="werbung" > Werbeeinverständnis für Heise Medien abgeben </h3> </header> <p class="newsletter-index-teaser__synopsis"> Hier können Sie Ihr allgemeines Werbeeinverständnis abgeben, damit sie von uns aktuelle Angebote zu den Produkten von Heise Medien erhalten </p> </div> </a> </article> </div> </section> <script> performance.mark('CONTENT Ende'); performance.measure('CONTENT', 'CONTENT Anfang', 'CONTENT Ende'); </script> </div> </div> </div> <div id="article-page-upscore" class="a-layout" data-include-in-outbrain-smart-feed-upscore></div> <div class="a-layout a-layout--bg-grey"> <div class="a-layout__container"> <div class="a-layout__item"> <div class="ad-desktop-group-2"> <div id="HEI_D_Footer-label" style="display: none;" class="ad-label" >Anzeige</div> <div id="HEI_D_Footer" class="ad ad--footer" ></div> </div> <div class="ad-mobile-group-3"> <div id="HEI_M_Footer-label" style="display: none;" class="ad-label" >Anzeige</div> <div id="HEI_M_Footer" class="ad ad--sticky" ></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="a-layout a-layout--transparent a-u-no-margin-bottom"> <div class=" a-layout__container a-layout__container--full-width" > <div class="a-layout__item a-layout__item--full-width"> <div class="nav-bottom"> <a-collapse class="sitemap-group nav-bottom__collapse-trigger" has-indicator media="(max-width: 929px)" toggle-attr-on-media="disabled" > <header class="nav-bottom__collapse-toggle a-u-grid-pushin-mobile" data-collapse-trigger> Alle Angebote </header> <div data-collapse-target class="nav-bottom__content"> <nav class="sitemap nav-bottom__sitemap" aria-label="Sitemap"> <a-collapse class="sitemap-group " has-indicator media="(max-width: 929px)" toggle-attr-on-media="disabled" > <div class=" sitemap-group__header a-u-grid-pushin-mobile " data-collapse-trigger > IT News </div> <div class="sitemap-group__content" data-collapse-target > <ul class="sitemap-group__items "> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--newsticker"> <a href="/newsticker/" title="heise online - Newsticker" name="footer.ho.sitemap.newsticker" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Newsticker</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Hintergründe"> <a href="/hintergrund" title="heise online - Hintergründe" name="footer.ho.sitemap.Hintergründe" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Hintergründe</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Ratgeber"> <a href="/ratgeber" title="heise online - Ratgeber" name="footer.ho.sitemap.Ratgeber" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Ratgeber</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Tests"> <a href="/tests" title="heise online - Testberichte" name="footer.ho.sitemap.Tests" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Tests</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Meinung"> <a href="/meinung" title="heise online - Meinungen" name="footer.ho.sitemap.Meinung" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Meinungen</a> </li> </ul> </div> </a-collapse> <a-collapse class="sitemap-group " has-indicator media="(max-width: 929px)" toggle-attr-on-media="disabled" > <div class=" sitemap-group__header a-u-grid-pushin-mobile " data-collapse-trigger > Online-Magazine </div> <div class="sitemap-group__content" data-collapse-target > <ul class="sitemap-group__items "> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heiseplus"> <a href="/plus/" title="heise+ - Immer mehr Wissen." name="footer.ho.sitemap.heiseplus" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link sitemap-group__link--heiseplus" >heise<span class="sitemap_group__heiseplus-icon">+</span></a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--tp"> <a href="https://www.telepolis.de" title="Telepolis" name="footer.ho.sitemap.tp" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Telepolis</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--autos"> <a href="/autos/" title="heise autos – News, Tests, Technik, Service rund ums Auto" name="footer.ho.sitemap.autos" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise autos</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--bestenlisten"> <a href="/bestenlisten" title="bestenlisten by TechStage" name="footer.ho.sitemap.bestenlisten" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >bestenlisten</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--tipps-tricks"> <a href="/tipps-tricks/" title="tipps+tricks" name="footer.ho.sitemap.tipps-tricks" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >tipps+tricks</a> </li> </ul> </div> </a-collapse> <a-collapse class="sitemap-group sitemap-group--2-col" has-indicator media="(max-width: 929px)" toggle-attr-on-media="disabled" > <div class=" sitemap-group__header a-u-grid-pushin-mobile " data-collapse-trigger > Services </div> <div class="sitemap-group__content" data-collapse-target > <ul class="sitemap-group__items "> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Shop"> <a href="https://shop.heise.de/" title="heise shop – IT-Zeitschriften, Fachbücher, eBooks, digitale Magazine und Gadgets" name="footer.ho.sitemap.Shop" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise shop</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Arbeiten bei Heise"> <a href="https://jobs.heise.de/" title="heise jobs – Jobbörse für qualifizierte Fach- und Führungskräfte aus der IT-Branche" name="footer.ho.sitemap.Arbeiten bei Heise" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise jobs</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise academy"> <a href="https://heise-academy.de/" title="heise academy - Weiterbildung für IT-Profis von heise medien" name="footer.ho.sitemap.heise academy" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise academy</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--download"> <a href="/download/" title="heise download – Software, Apps & Spiele sicher herunterladen" name="footer.ho.sitemap.download" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise download</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise preisvergleich"> <a href="https://preisvergleich.heise.de" title="heise preisvergleich – Günstige Preise, Meinungen und Bewertungen zu vielen Produkten" name="footer.ho.sitemap.heise preisvergleich" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise preisvergleich</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Tarifrechner"> <a href="https://www.heise.de/tarifrechner" title="Tarifrechner" name="footer.ho.sitemap.Tarifrechner" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Tarifrechner</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise compaliate"> <a href="https://compaliate.heise.de/" title="heise compaliate – Entdecke die heise Affiliate Plattform" name="footer.ho.sitemap.heise compaliate" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise compaliate</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Abo bestellen"> <a href="https://shop.heise.de/zeitschriften-abo/" title="Abo – c't, iX, c't Fotografie, Mac & i, Make" name="footer.ho.sitemap.Abo bestellen" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Abo bestellen</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Mein Abo"> <a href="https://www.heise.de/meinabo" title="Abo verwalten - Mein persönlicher Abo-Bereich" name="footer.ho.sitemap.Mein Abo" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Mein Abo</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Netzwerktools"> <a href="https://www.heise.de/tools" title="heise online - Netzwerktools" name="footer.ho.sitemap.Netzwerktools" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Netzwerktools</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--iMonitor"> <a href="https://www.heise.de/netze/netzwerk-tools/imonitor-internet-stoerungen/" title="heise iMonitor" name="footer.ho.sitemap.iMonitor" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >iMonitor</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--loseblattwerke"> <a href="/loseblattwerke/" title="Loseblattwerke" name="footer.ho.sitemap.loseblattwerke" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Loseblattwerke</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--spiele"> <a href="https://spiele.heise.de" title="heise Spiele" name="footer.ho.sitemap.spiele" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Spiele</a> </li> </ul> </div> </a-collapse> <a-collapse class="sitemap-group " has-indicator media="(max-width: 929px)" toggle-attr-on-media="disabled" > <div class=" sitemap-group__header a-u-grid-pushin-mobile " data-collapse-trigger > Über Uns </div> <div class="sitemap-group__content" data-collapse-target > <ul class="sitemap-group__items "> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise medien"> <a href="https://www.heisegroup.de/artikel/heise-medien-3904998.html" title="heise medien - Hochwertiger und unabhängiger Journalismus" name="footer.ho.sitemap.heise medien" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise medien</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise regioconcept"> <a href="https://www.heise-regioconcept.de/" title="heise regioconcept - Regionales Marketing für Unternehmen" name="footer.ho.sitemap.heise regioconcept" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise regioconcept</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise business services"> <a href="https://business-services.heise.de/" title="heise business services – Produkte und Lösungen namhafter IT-Hersteller" name="footer.ho.sitemap.heise business services" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >heise business services</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--heise96"> <a href="https://www.heisegroup.de" title="Sponsoring Hannover 96" name="footer.ho.sitemap.heise96" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Sponsoring<img src="/icons/ho/h96-logo.svg" width="48" height="55" alt="Logo Hannover 96" class="sitemap-group__img sitemap-group__img--h96" loading="lazy" /></a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--mediadaten"> <a href="https://mediadaten.heise.de/" title="Mediadaten heise medien" name="footer.ho.sitemap.mediadaten" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Mediadaten</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--Karriere"> <a href="https://www.heisegroup.de/artikel/heise-als-Arbeitgeber-1812545.html" title="Arbeiten bei heise – Heise als Arbeitgeber" name="footer.ho.sitemap.Karriere" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Karriere</a> </li> <li class="sitemap-group__item sitemap-group__item--presse"> <a href="https://www.heisegroup.de/presse/" title="Pressemitteilungen und Interviews" name="footer.ho.sitemap.presse" data-google-interstitial=false class="sitemap-group__link " >Presse</a> </li> </ul> </div> </a-collapse> </nav> <div class=" notification-links nav-bottom__notification-links a-u-grid-pushin-mobile " > <a href="/newsletter/" class=" link notification-links__link " name="footer.ho.sitemap.newsletter" data-google-interstitial=false > <svg class="link__svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" viewBox="0 0 24 24"> <path id="paper-plane-outline" d="M24,3,0,10l7.92,4.4L8,20l3.78-3.46L18,20ZM17,17.34l-5.48-3L20.85,6.4ZM20.46,5.9,9.6,13.25,4.66,10.51Z" transform="translate(0)"/> </svg> <span > Newsletter </span> </a> <a href="/benachrichtigungen/heise-bot/" class=" link notification-links__link " name="footer.ho.sitemap.heisebotti" data-google-interstitial=false > <svg id="logo-botti" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="link__svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" > <title>heise-Bot</title> <path d="M9.3,17.66c-.24.56-.62,1.21-1.32,1.21A.89.89,0,0,1,7.05,18a3,3,0,0,1,.36-1.14l3.18-7.26c.24-.55.55-.95,1.18-.95a.86.86,0,0,1,.89.89A3.36,3.36,0,0,1,12.25,11Zm2.76,1.21c.71,0,1.08-.63,1.34-1.2L14.58,15A3.74,3.74,0,0,0,15,13.59a.86.86,0,0,0-.89-.89c-.64,0-.94.43-1.19,1l-1.42,3.2A2.65,2.65,0,0,0,11.16,18,.86.86,0,0,0,12.06,18.87ZM23.64,8.3a1,1,0,0,0-1.53,1.08A9.42,9.42,0,0,1,19,10.68c-.52-4.49-4.34-7.14-8.87-7.14A10.33,10.33,0,0,0,4.4,5.22,11.49,11.49,0,0,1,2.09,1.78,1,1,0,0,0,2.51.91,1,1,0,0,0,.56,1a1,1,0,0,0,1,.91,15.71,15.71,0,0,1,1,4.84,10.36,10.36,0,0,0-2.58,7c0,5.77,4.64,9.85,10.27,9.85a10.08,10.08,0,0,0,7.47-3.53l-.42-.63a7.92,7.92,0,0,1-1,.86,10.65,10.65,0,0,1-6.16,1.94A7.51,7.51,0,0,1,2.7,14.53c0-4.82,1.92-9.13,7.37-9.13,4.07,0,7.37,2.74,7.37,7a6.65,6.65,0,0,1-1.46,4l.72.62a7.79,7.79,0,0,0,2.23-3.91,16,16,0,0,1,3.51-3.27,1,1,0,0,0,1.35-.17A1,1,0,0,0,23.64,8.3ZM10.08,21c.39.09.18-.36.48-.56s.75-.39.81-.69a1.58,1.58,0,0,1-.93.05,6.43,6.43,0,0,1-1.27-.49,2,2,0,0,0,.15,1A1,1,0,0,0,10.08,21Z" transform="translate(0 0)"/> </svg> <span > heise-Bot </span> </a> <a href="/benachrichtigungen/" class=" link notification-links__link " name="footer.ho.sitemap.pushnachrichten" data-google-interstitial=false > <svg id="cp-bell-outline" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="link__svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" > <title>Push Nachrichten</title> <path d="M15,20.9c0,1.6-1.3,2.9-3,3c-1.6-0.1-2.9-1.4-3-3h1.7c0,0,0,0,0,0.1c0,0.7,0.6,1.3,1.3,1.3 c0.7,0,1.3-0.6,1.3-1.3c0,0,0,0,0-0.1H15z M21.9,17.2v1.7H2.1v-1.7C6.9,15.6,4.2,6.7,8.9,4c0.6-0.4,1-1.1,1-1.8l0,0 c0-1,0.7-2,1.7-2.2C11.9,0,12.1,0,12.4,0c1,0.2,1.7,1.1,1.7,2.1l0,0c0,0.7,0.4,1.4,1,1.8C19.7,6.7,17.1,15.6,21.9,17.2z M19.2,16.9 c-4-2-1.4-9.6-5.8-12.2c-0.1-0.1-0.2-0.1-0.4-0.2c-0.3-0.2-0.6-0.3-1-0.3c-0.3,0-0.6,0.1-0.9,0.2c-0.2,0.1-0.3,0.1-0.5,0.2 C6.1,7.4,8.8,14.9,4.8,16.9H19.2z"/> </svg> <span class="a-u-hide-from-tablet"> Push </span> <span class="a-u-show-from-tablet"> Push-Nachrichten </span> </a> <a-color-scheme class="a-u-show-from-tablet a-cholor-scheme-tablet"></a-color-scheme> </div> </div> </a-collapse> </div> <footer class="footer"> <div class="footer__top"> <a href="#top" class="footer__top-link"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" class="arrow-top footer__arrow-top " > <path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M4.5 10.5 12 3m0 0 7.5 7.5M12 3v18" /> </svg> nach oben </a> </div> <ul class="footer__list"> <li class="footer__item"> <a href="/kontakt/" class="footer__link" data-google-interstitial=false > Kontakt </a> </li> <li class="footer__item"> <a href="/impressum.html" class="footer__link" data-google-interstitial=false > Impressum </a> </li> <li class="footer__item"> <a href="https://www.heise.de/kontakt/?frage=3212474" class="footer__link" data-google-interstitial=false > Barriere melden </a> </li> <li class="footer__item"> <a href="/account/cancellation" class="footer__link" data-google-interstitial=false > Verträge kündigen </a> </li> <li class="footer__item"> <a href="javascript:window._sp_.gdpr.loadPrivacyManagerModal(756676);" class="footer__link" data-google-interstitial=false id="js-gdpr-pm-link" > Cookies & Tracking </a> </li> <li class="footer__item"> <a href="/Datenschutzerklaerung-der-Heise-Medien-GmbH-Co-KG-4860.html" class="footer__link" data-google-interstitial=false > Datenschutz </a> </li> <li class="footer__item"> <a href="https://mediadaten.heise.de/" class="footer__link" data-google-interstitial=false > Mediadaten </a> </li> <li class="footer__item"> <a href="http://www.interred.de/" target="_blank" class="footer__link"> Content Management by InterRed </a> </li> <li class="footer__item"> <a href="https://www.plusline.net/" class="footer__link" data-google-interstitial=false> Hosted by Plus.line </a> </li> <li class="footer__item"> <a href="https://www.heisegroup.de/artikel/heise-medien-3904998.html" class="footer__link" data-google-interstitial=false> Copyright © 2025 heise medien </a> </li> </ul> <div class="footer__bottom"> <a href="https://www.heisegroup.de/"> <div class="footer__heise-way"> <svg preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="heise-logo footer__heise-icon" width="114" height="36" viewBox="0 0 114 36" role="img" > <style> .heise-logo-svg-path { fill: #14315b; } .dark .heise-logo-svg-path { fill: #f2f2f2; } </style> <title>heise Logo</title> <path class="heise-logo-svg-path" d="m39,5.39h3.87v6.14l-.16,3.19c1.38-1.3,3.02-2.5,5.28-2.5,3.53,0,5.08,2.39,5.08,6.56v10.35h-3.87v-9.85c0-2.71-.78-3.74-2.57-3.74-1.45,0-2.41.71-3.76,2.06v11.53h-3.87V5.39Zm16.38,15.49c0-5.36,3.72-8.67,7.61-8.67,4.46,0,6.81,3.23,6.81,7.83,0,.74-.08,1.48-.17,1.88h-10.47c.32,2.93,2.2,4.6,4.86,4.6,1.41,0,2.62-.44,3.83-1.2l1.32,2.41c-1.57,1.06-3.56,1.79-5.66,1.79-4.55,0-8.13-3.2-8.13-8.64Zm11.07-1.59c0-2.54-1.13-4.09-3.39-4.09-1.92,0-3.61,1.44-3.95,4.09h7.34Zm5.19-11.76c0-1.3,1.02-2.19,2.39-2.19s2.39.89,2.39,2.19-1.02,2.19-2.39,2.19-2.39-.91-2.39-2.19Zm.44,5.08h3.87v16.5h-3.87V12.62Zm5.48,14.61l1.8-2.46c1.46,1.14,2.88,1.84,4.56,1.84,1.8,0,2.65-.85,2.65-1.98,0-1.38-1.79-2-3.55-2.67-2.16-.81-4.64-2.06-4.64-4.81s2.31-4.93,6.01-4.93c2.3,0,4.14.93,5.48,1.98l-1.77,2.38c-1.16-.85-2.32-1.44-3.61-1.44-1.66,0-2.45.79-2.45,1.83,0,1.3,1.67,1.8,3.45,2.46,2.23.83,4.73,1.91,4.73,4.99,0,2.84-2.24,5.12-6.41,5.12-2.26,0-4.64-.97-6.25-2.3Zm14.32-6.34c0-5.36,3.72-8.67,7.6-8.67,4.46,0,6.81,3.23,6.81,7.83,0,.74-.08,1.48-.17,1.88h-10.47c.32,2.93,2.2,4.6,4.86,4.6,1.41,0,2.62-.44,3.83-1.2l1.32,2.41c-1.57,1.06-3.56,1.79-5.66,1.79-4.56,0-8.13-3.2-8.13-8.64Zm11.07-1.59c0-2.54-1.13-4.09-3.39-4.09-1.92,0-3.61,1.44-3.95,4.09h7.34ZM21.03,3.86c1.95.91,2.79,3.22,1.88,5.16l-8.99,19.23c-.91,1.94-3.23,2.79-5.17,1.88-1.95-.91-2.79-3.22-1.88-5.16L15.85,5.74c.91-1.94,3.23-2.79,5.17-1.88h0m6.22,12.27h0c-1.95-.91-4.27-.07-5.17,1.88l-3.25,6.95c-.91,1.94-.07,4.26,1.88,5.16,1.95.91,4.27.07,5.17-1.88l3.25-6.95c.91-1.95.07-4.26-1.88-5.16" /> </svg> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 457 37.01" class="heise-way footer__heise-way-icon" > <rect x="0" y="0" width="457" height="37.01" rx="18.51" ry="18.51" fill="#719ed4"/> </svg> <svg preserveAspectRatio="xMinYMin" viewBox="0 0 581.4 407.3" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" class="heise-claim footer__heise-claim-icon" > <style> .heise-claim-svg-g { fill: #14315b; } .dark .heise-claim-svg-g { fill: #f2f2f2; } </style> <title>Eine Antwort weiter</title> <g class="heise-claim-svg-g"> <path d="m80.8,154.7h21.8l34.2,104.9h-19.7l-16-55.8c-3.3-11.1-6.4-23.1-9.5-34.6h-.6c-2.9,11.6-6,23.5-9.3,34.6l-16.1,55.8h-19l34.2-104.9Zm-14,61.9h49.4v14.6h-49.4v-14.6Z"/><path d="m143.3,180.8h15.1l1.4,10.6h.5c7.1-6.9,15.1-12.6,25.9-12.6,16.9,0,24.2,11.4,24.2,31.3v49.4h-18.5v-47c0-13-3.7-17.8-12.3-17.8-6.9,0-11.5,3.4-18,9.8v55h-18.5v-78.7h.2Z"/><path d="m229.4,233.1v-37.5h-11.2v-13.9l12.2-.8,2.2-21.5h15.3v21.5h20.1v14.7h-20.1v37.5c0,9.3,3.6,13.8,11.2,13.8,2.7,0,5.9-.9,8.2-1.8l3.1,13.6c-4.3,1.4-9.8,2.9-16.1,2.9-18.1-.1-24.9-11.5-24.9-28.5Z"/><path d="m275.1,180.8h18.5l9.6,40.9c1.5,7.6,2.7,15,4.1,22.7h.6c1.5-7.7,3.1-15.3,5-22.7l10.3-40.9h16.7l10.5,40.9c1.9,7.6,3.5,15,5.2,22.7h.6c1.5-7.7,2.7-15.1,4.2-22.7l9.4-40.9h17.3l-20,78.8h-21.9l-9.2-36.8c-1.7-7.4-3.1-14.6-4.7-22.9h-.5c-1.5,8.2-2.9,15.6-4.7,23l-8.9,36.6h-21.3l-20.8-78.7Z"/><path d="m389.4 220.3c0-26.2 17.8-41.4 37.5-41.4s37.5 15.1 37.5 41.4-17.8 41.2-37.5 41.2-37.5-15.1-37.5-41.2zm55.9 0c0-15.8-6.9-26.3-18.5-26.3s-18.5 10.5-18.5 26.3 6.9 26.2 18.5 26.2 18.5-10.4 18.5-26.2z"/><path d="m474.6,180.8h15.2l1.4,14h.5c5.6-10.3,14-16,22.4-16,4,0,6.5.5,8.9,1.6l-3.2,16c-2.8-.8-4.8-1.3-8.1-1.3-6.3,0-13.9,4.3-18.6,16.3v48h-18.5v-78.6h0Z"/><path d="m540.4,233.1v-37.5h-11.2v-13.9l12.2-.8,2.2-21.5h15.3v21.5h20.1v14.7h-20.1v37.5c0,9.3,3.6,13.8,11.2,13.8,2.7,0,5.9-.9,8.2-1.8l3.1,13.6c-4.3,1.4-9.8,2.9-16.1,2.9-18.2-.1-24.9-11.5-24.9-28.5Z"/><path d="m148.4 8.6h63.1v15.7h-44.5v26.9h37.7v15.7h-37.7v31h46.1v15.7h-64.7v-105z"/><path d="m224.5,10.5c0-6.2,4.9-10.5,11.4-10.5s11.4,4.2,11.4,10.5-4.9,10.5-11.4,10.5c-6.5-.1-11.4-4.4-11.4-10.5Zm2.2,24.2h18.5v78.8h-18.5V34.7Z"/><path d="m259.1,34.7h15.1l1.4,10.6h.5c7.1-6.9,15.1-12.6,25.9-12.6,16.9,0,24.2,11.4,24.2,31.3v49.4h-18.5v-47c0-13-3.7-17.8-12.3-17.8-6.9,0-11.5,3.4-18,9.8v55h-18.5V34.7h.2Z"/><path d="m337.3,74.2c0-25.6,17.8-41.4,36.3-41.4,21.3,0,32.5,15.4,32.5,37.4,0,3.5-.4,7.1-.8,9h-50c1.5,14,10.5,21.9,23.2,21.9,6.7,0,12.5-2.1,18.3-5.7l6.3,11.5c-7.5,5.1-17,8.5-27,8.5-21.8,0-38.8-15.2-38.8-41.2Zm52.8-7.6c0-12.1-5.4-19.5-16.2-19.5-9.2,0-17.3,6.9-18.9,19.5h35.1Z"/><path d="m0,326.6h18.5l9.6,40.9c1.5,7.6,2.7,15,4.1,22.7h.6c1.5-7.7,3.1-15.3,5-22.7l10.3-40.9h16.7l10.5,40.9c1.9,7.6,3.5,15,5.2,22.7h.6c1.5-7.7,2.7-15.1,4.2-22.7l9.4-40.9h17.3l-20,78.8h-21.9l-9.2-36.8c-1.7-7.4-3.1-14.6-4.7-22.9h-.6c-1.5,8.2-2.9,15.6-4.7,23l-8.9,36.6h-21.2L0,326.6Z"/><path d="m115.9,366.1c0-25.6,17.8-41.4,36.3-41.4,21.3,0,32.5,15.4,32.5,37.4,0,3.5-.4,7.1-.8,9h-50c1.5,14,10.5,21.9,23.2,21.9,6.7,0,12.5-2.1,18.3-5.7l6.3,11.5c-7.5,5.1-17,8.5-27,8.5-21.7,0-38.8-15.2-38.8-41.2Zm52.9-7.6c0-12.1-5.4-19.5-16.2-19.5-9.2,0-17.3,6.9-18.9,19.5h35.1Z"/><path d="m192.3,302.4c0-6.2,4.9-10.5,11.4-10.5s11.4,4.2,11.4,10.5-4.9,10.5-11.4,10.5c-6.5-.1-11.4-4.4-11.4-10.5Zm2.1,24.2h18.5v78.8h-18.5v-78.8Z"/><path d="m234.4,378.9v-37.5h-11.2v-13.9l12.2-.8,2.2-21.5h15.2v21.5h20.1v14.7h-20.1v37.5c0,9.3,3.6,13.8,11.2,13.8,2.7,0,5.9-.9,8.2-1.8l3.1,13.6c-4.3,1.4-9.8,2.9-16.1,2.9-18.1-.1-24.8-11.5-24.8-28.5Z"/><path d="m276.9,366.1c0-25.6,17.8-41.4,36.3-41.4,21.3,0,32.5,15.4,32.5,37.4,0,3.5-.4,7.1-.8,9h-50c1.5,14,10.5,21.9,23.2,21.9,6.7,0,12.5-2.1,18.3-5.7l6.3,11.5c-7.5,5.1-17,8.5-27,8.5-21.7,0-38.8-15.2-38.8-41.2Zm52.9-7.6c0-12.1-5.4-19.5-16.2-19.5-9.2,0-17.3,6.9-18.9,19.5h35.1Z"/><path d="m355.4,326.6h15.1l1.4,14h.5c5.6-10.3,14-16,22.4-16,4,0,6.5.5,8.9,1.6l-3.2,16c-2.8-.8-4.8-1.3-8.1-1.3-6.3,0-13.9,4.3-18.6,16.3v48h-18.5v-78.6h.1Z"/> </g> </svg> </div> </a> <img src="/assets/components/images/hauptpartner-heise-hannover-96.png" alt="Unser Hauptpartner Hannover 96" class="footer__partner-img" loading="lazy" width="86px" height="40px" > </div> </footer> <style type="text/css"> #consent-edit { position: fixed; bottom: 25px; right: 25px; height: 58px; max-width: 58px; } #consent-edit:empty { display: none; } .cmp-no-pur-privacy-wrapper { display: flex; margin: 0; border-width: 0; justify-content: center; align-items: center; flex-direction: column; box-sizing: border-box; width: 58px; height: 58px; border-radius: 50%; padding: 5px; background-color: #323232; } .cmp-no-pur-privacy-btn { border: none; display: inline-block; cursor: pointer; white-space: nowrap; width: 48px; height: 48px; background: transparent url(https://www.heise.de/icons/svg/icons/svg/pur-privacy-manager.svg) no-repeat center center !important; text-indent: -9999rem; padding: 0; margin: 0; border-width: 0; border-radius: 5px; } </style> <div id="consent-edit"></div> <script> var currentSite = window.location.href; var noPurUrls = [ 'https://spiele.heise.de', 'https://business-services.heise.de', 'https://www.heise.de/solutions', 'https://www.heise.de/brandworlds', 'https://www.heise.de/newsticker/sub/', 'https://www.heise.de/tarifrechner', 'https://preisvergleich.heise.de', ] var showNoPurConsentEditButton = noPurUrls.filter((url) => { return currentSite.startsWith(url) }).length > 0 if (showNoPurConsentEditButton) { var noPurPrivacyManagerId = '869074'; var consentEditContainer = document.querySelector('#consent-edit'); var gdprFooterLink = document.querySelector('#js-gdpr-pm-link'); var noPurPmJs = `javascript:window._sp_.gdpr.loadPrivacyManagerModal(${noPurPrivacyManagerId});` if (gdprFooterLink && gdprFooterLink.href) { gdprFooterLink.href = noPurPmJs; } else { consentEditContainer.innerHTML = ` <div class="cmp-no-pur-privacy-wrapper"> <button onclick="${noPurPmJs}" class="cmp-no-pur-privacy-btn" > Privacy-Manager öffnen </button> </div> ` } } </script> </div> </div> <div id="webperfinfos" hidden> <p></p> <button onclick="javascript:navigator.clipboard.writeText(document.querySelector('#webperfinfos p').innerText);">kopieren</button> </div> </div> <script>performance.mark('JS-Footer Anfang');</script> <a-script async src="https://static-eu.cleverpush.com/channel/loader/2et4HQsqBnH6ZMRXr.js?v=2" name="Cleverpush" needs-consent ></a-script> <script> performance.mark('JS-Footer Ende'); performance.measure('JS-Footer', 'JS-Footer Anfang', 'JS-Footer Ende'); </script> <div style="display: inline;"><img id="ivw_pixel_intern" src="/ivw-bin/ivw/CP/newsletter/" width="1" height="1" alt="" /></div>  <script> performance.mark('BODY Ende'); performance.measure('BODY', 'BODY Anfang', 'BODY Ende'); </script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Newsletter-Übersicht | heise online