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searchaux" style="display:none">New construction on a site that has preexisting uses</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2110_19th_Street,_NW.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/2110_19th_Street%2C_NW.JPG/220px-2110_19th_Street%2C_NW.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/2110_19th_Street%2C_NW.JPG/330px-2110_19th_Street%2C_NW.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/2110_19th_Street%2C_NW.JPG/440px-2110_19th_Street%2C_NW.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3138" data-file-height="2190" /></a><figcaption>An abandoned building in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> being converted into luxury condominiums.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Redevelopment</b> is any new <a href="/wiki/Construction" title="Construction">construction</a> on a site that has pre-existing uses. It represents a process of <a href="/wiki/Land_development" title="Land development">land development</a> uses to revitalize the physical, economic and social fabric of <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">urban space</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Redevelopment&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Variations on redevelopment include: </p> <ul><li>Urban <a href="/wiki/Infill" title="Infill">infill</a> on vacant parcels that have no existing activity but were previously developed, especially on <a href="/wiki/Brownfield_land" title="Brownfield land">brownfield land</a>, such as the redevelopment of an industrial site into a <a href="/wiki/Mixed-use_development" title="Mixed-use development">mixed-use development</a>.</li> <li>Constructing with a denser land usage, such as the redevelopment of a block of townhouses into a large apartment building.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_reuse" title="Adaptive reuse">Adaptive reuse</a>, where older structures are converted for improved current market use, such as an industrial mill into housing lofts.</li></ul> <p>Redevelopment projects can be small or large ranging from a single building to entire new neighborhoods or "new town in town" projects. </p><p>Redevelopment also refers to state and federal statutes which give cities and counties the authority to establish redevelopment agencies and give the agencies the authority to attack problems of <a href="/wiki/Urban_decay" title="Urban decay">urban decay</a>. The fundamental tools of a redevelopment agency include the authority to acquire real property, the power of eminent domain, to develop and sell property without bidding and the authority and responsibility of relocating persons who have interests in the property acquired by the agency. The financing/funding of such operations might come from government grants, borrowing from federal or state governments and selling bonds and from <a href="/wiki/Tax_increment_financing" title="Tax increment financing">tax increment financing</a>. </p><p>Other terms sometimes used to describe redevelopment include <a href="/wiki/Urban_renewal" title="Urban renewal">urban renewal</a> (urban revitalization). While efforts described as urban revitalization often involve redevelopment, they do not always involve redevelopment as they do not always involve the demolition of any existing structures but may instead describe the rehabilitation of existing buildings or other neighborhood improvement initiatives. </p><p>A new example of other neighborhood improvement initiatives is the funding mechanism associated with high <a href="/wiki/Carbon_footprint" title="Carbon footprint">carbon footprint</a> <a href="/wiki/Air_quality" class="mw-redirect" title="Air quality">air quality</a> <a href="/wiki/Urban_blight" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban blight">urban blight</a>. Assembly Bill <a href="/wiki/AB811" class="mw-redirect" title="AB811">AB811</a> is the <a href="/wiki/State_of_California" class="mw-redirect" title="State of California">State of California</a>'s answer to funding <a href="/wiki/Renewable_energy" title="Renewable energy">renewable energy</a> and allows cities to craft their own sustainability action plans. These cutting edge action plans needs the funding structure; which can easily come forward through redevelopment funding. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Urban_renewal">Urban renewal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Redevelopment&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Urban renewal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Urban_renewal" title="Urban renewal">Urban renewal</a></div> <p>Some redevelopment projects and programs have been incredibly controversial including the <a href="/wiki/Urban_Renewal" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban Renewal">Urban Renewal</a> program in the United States in the mid-twentieth century or the <a href="/wiki/Urban_regeneration" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban regeneration">urban regeneration</a> program in Great Britain. Controversy usually results either from the use of <a href="/wiki/Eminent_domain" title="Eminent domain">eminent domain</a>, from objections to the change in use or increases in density and intensity on the site or from disagreement on the appropriate use of taxpayer funds to pay for some element of the project. Urban redevelopment in the United States has been controversial because it can displace poor and lower middle class residents, often transferring residents' land and homes to developers for free or a below-market-value price. This is done on the condition that the developer will use that land to construct new commercial and residential developments. </p><p>The residents displaced by redevelopment are often undercompensated,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and some (notably month-to-month tenants and business owners) are not compensated at all. Historically, redevelopment agencies have been buying many properties in redevelopment areas for prices below fair market value, or even below the agencies' own appraisal figures because the displaced people are often unaware of their legal rights and lack the will and the funds to mount a proper legal defense in a valuation trial.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Those who do so usually recover more in compensation than what is offered by the redevelopment agencies. </p><p>The controversy over misuse of eminent domain for redevelopment reached a climax in the wake of the U.S. Supreme Court's 2005 decision in <i><a href="/wiki/Kelo_v._City_of_New_London" title="Kelo v. City of New London">Kelo v. City of New London</a></i>, which ruled that the general benefits a community enjoyed from economic growth qualified private redevelopment plans as a permissible "<a href="/wiki/Public_use" title="Public use">public use</a>" under the <a href="/wiki/Takings_Clause" class="mw-redirect" title="Takings Clause">Takings Clause of the Fifth Amendment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-citation_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-citation-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Kelo</i> decision was widely denounced and remains the subject of severe criticism. Remedial legislation to restrict the use of eminent domain for private development has been enacted or introduced in a number of states. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Golf_course_redevelopment">Golf course redevelopment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Redevelopment&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Golf course redevelopment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Golf course redevelopment</b>, also known as golf course conversion is a <a href="/wiki/Real_estate" title="Real estate">real estate</a> niche, in which investors purchase failing golf courses. Investors then subdivide the golf course into individual plots of lands. They then resell the plots of land for builders, or build on the plots then resell it to residential home buyers. This process is usually done with the assistance of a <a href="/wiki/Real_estate_broker" class="mw-redirect" title="Real estate broker">real estate broker</a>. </p><p>The main challenge of this niche is the difficulties that investors face in requesting a <a href="/wiki/Variance_(land_use)" title="Variance (land use)">variance</a> from cities.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_examples">Notable examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Redevelopment&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notable examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Category:Redeveloped_ports_and_waterfronts" title="Category:Redeveloped ports and waterfronts">Category:Redeveloped ports and waterfronts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Canada_Lands_Company" title="Canada Lands Company">Canada Lands Company</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid 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auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Redevelopment&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2010</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>North America: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Station,_Atlanta" title="Atlantic Station, Atlanta">Atlantic Station</a>, Atlanta, Georgia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Yards" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic Yards">Atlantic Yards</a>, Brooklyn, New York</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Tobacco_Historic_District" title="American Tobacco Historic District">American Tobacco Historic District</a>, Durham, North Carolina</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFB_Downsview" class="mw-redirect" title="CFB Downsview">CFB Downsview</a> -> <a href="/wiki/Downsview_Park" title="Downsview Park">Downsview Park</a>, Toronto, Ontario</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFB_Griesbach" title="CFB Griesbach">CFB Griesbach</a> -> <a href="/wiki/Griesbach,_Edmonton" title="Griesbach, Edmonton">Griesbach, Edmonton</a>, Alberta</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Canadian_National_rail_yard" title="Old Canadian National rail yard">CN rail yard</a> -> <a href="/wiki/Station_Lands_(Edmonton)" class="mw-redirect" title="Station Lands (Edmonton)">Station Lands (Edmonton)</a>, <a href="/wiki/MacEwan_University" title="MacEwan University">MacEwan University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edmonton_downtown_arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Edmonton downtown arena">Edmonton downtown arena</a>; Edmonton, Alberta</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmonton_City_Centre_(Blatchford_Field)_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Edmonton City Centre (Blatchford Field) Airport">Edmonton City Centre (Blatchford Field) Airport</a> -> <a href="/wiki/Blatchford,_Edmonton" title="Blatchford, Edmonton">Blatchford, Edmonton</a>, Alberta</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HOPE_VI" title="HOPE VI">HOPE VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Yards_(development)" title="Hudson Yards (development)">Hudson Yards</a>, New York, New York</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Center_for_the_Performing_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts">Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts</a>, New York, New York</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midtown_Detroit" title="Midtown Detroit">Midtown Detroit</a>, Michigan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_Bay,_San_Francisco" title="Mission Bay, San Francisco">Mission Bay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treasure_Island_development" class="mw-redirect" title="Treasure Island development">Treasure Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Western_Addition,_San_Francisco,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Addition, San Francisco, California">Western Addition</a>, and the part of South of Market that become <a href="/wiki/Moscone_Center" title="Moscone Center">Moscone Center</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yerba_Buena_Gardens" title="Yerba Buena Gardens">Yerba Buena Gardens</a> in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco, California">San Francisco, California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearl_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Pearl District">Pearl District</a>, Portland, Oregon</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Port_of_Montreal" title="Old Port of Montreal">Old Port of Montreal</a>, Quebec</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_San_Diego" title="Downtown San Diego">Downtown San Diego</a>, California</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Park,_Denver" title="Central Park, Denver">Central Park, Denver, Colorado</a>, on a former airport site</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Waterfront" class="mw-redirect" title="Toronto Waterfront">Toronto Waterfront</a>, Toronto, Canada</li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End,_Boston,_Massachusetts" class="mw-redirect" title="West End, Boston, Massachusetts">West End, Boston, Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Center_site" title="World Trade Center site">World Trade Center site</a> in Lower Manhattan following the <a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a></li></ul> <p>Europe: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canary_Wharf,_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Canary Wharf, London">Canary Wharf, London</a> (<a href="/wiki/UK" class="mw-redirect" title="UK">UK</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Waterfront" class="mw-redirect" title="Edinburgh Waterfront">Edinburgh Waterfront</a>, UK</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redevelopment_of_Norrmalm" title="Redevelopment of Norrmalm">Redevelopment of Norrmalm</a> (Sweden)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_One" title="Liverpool One">Liverpool One, Liverpool</a> (UK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Millennium_Village,_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenwich Millennium Village, London">Greenwich Millennium Village, London</a> (UK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tign%C3%A9_Point,_Sliema" class="mw-redirect" title="Tigné Point, Sliema">Tigné Point, Sliema</a> (Malta)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_Nuova_(Milan)" title="Porta Nuova (Milan)">Porta Nuova, Milan</a> (Italy)</li></ul> <p>Asia: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taichung%27s_seventh_Redevelopment_Zone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taichung's seventh Redevelopment Zone (page does not exist)">Taichung's seventh Redevelopment Zone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taichung" title="Taichung">Taichung</a>, Taiwan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Olympic_Village" title="Beijing Olympic Village">Beijing Olympic Village</a>, Beijing, China</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheung_Wan,_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheung Wan, Hong Kong">Sheung Wan, Hong Kong</a>, China</li></ul> <p>Central America: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> in Casco Antiguo (Casco Viejo)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Redevelopment&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_reuse" title="Adaptive reuse">Adaptive reuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Renewal" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban Renewal">Urban Renewal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_development" title="Community development">Community development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_redevelopment_agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Community redevelopment agency">Community redevelopment agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megaproject" title="Megaproject">Megaproject</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infill" title="Infill">Infill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_use_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Land use conflict">Land use conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_improvement_district" title="Business improvement district">Business improvement district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_redevelopment" title="Sustainable redevelopment">Sustainable redevelopment</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Redevelopment&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCaves2004" class="citation book cs1">Caves, R. W. (2004). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediacity00cave"><i>Encyclopedia of the City</i></a></span>. Routledge. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediacity00cave/page/n596">556</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415252256" title="Special:BookSources/9780415252256"><bdi>9780415252256</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+City&rft.pages=556&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780415252256&rft.aulast=Caves&rft.aufirst=R.+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopediacity00cave&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARedevelopment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlexandre2008" class="citation journal cs1">Alexandre, Michele (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1113605">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Love Don't Live Here Anymore': Economic Incentives for a More Equitable Model of Urban Redevelopment"</a>. Rochester, NY. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1113605">1113605</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%27Love+Don%27t+Live+Here+Anymore%27%3A+Economic+Incentives+for+a+More+Equitable+Model+of+Urban+Redevelopment&rft.date=2008&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D1113605%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft.aulast=Alexandre&rft.aufirst=Michele&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fabstract%3D1113605&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARedevelopment" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-citation-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-citation_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Kelo_v._City_of_New_London" title="Kelo v. City of New London">Kelo v. City of New London</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Supreme_Court_cases,_volume_545" title="List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 545">545</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Reports" title="United States Reports">U.S.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/545/469/">469</a> (2005).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalkin2007" class="citation journal cs1">Salkin, Patricia E. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitalcommons.tourolaw.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1553&context=scholarlyworks">"Ensuring Continuing Community Amenities Through Golf Course Redevelopment"</a>. <i>Real Estate Law Journal</i>. <b>35</b>: 628.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Real+Estate+Law+Journal&rft.atitle=Ensuring+Continuing+Community+Amenities+Through+Golf+Course+Redevelopment&rft.volume=35&rft.pages=628&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Salkin&rft.aufirst=Patricia+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcommons.tourolaw.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1553%26context%3Dscholarlyworks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARedevelopment" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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