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Sulaiman</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Normah Sulaiman"> <meta name="keywords" content="Normah Sulaiman"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Normah Sulaiman"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 90</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Normah Sulaiman</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">90</span> Study of Structural Styles and Hydrocarbon Potential of Rajan Pur Area, Middle Indus Basin, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakiullah%20Kalwar">Zakiullah Kalwar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shabeer%20Abbassi"> Shabeer Abbassi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research encompasses the study of structural styles and evaluation of the hydrocarbon potential of Kotrum and Drigri anticlines located in Rajanpur Area, Midddle Indus Basin of Pakistan with the approach of geophysical data integration. The study area is situated between the Sulaiman Foldbelt on the west and Indus River in the east. It is an anticlinal fold, located to the southeast of Sakhi Sarwar anticline and separated from a prominent syncline. The structure has a narrow elongated crest, with the axis running in SSW-NNE direction. In the east, the structure is bounded by a gentle syncline. Structural Styles are trending East-West and perpendicular to tectonic transport and stress direction and the base of the structures gradually dipping Eastward beneath the deformation frontal part in Eastern Sulaiman Fold Belt. Middle Indus Basin can be divided into Foreland, Sulaiman fold belt and a broad foredeep. Sulaiman represents a blind thrust front, which suggests that all frontal folds of the fold belt are cored by blind thrust. The deformation of frontal part of Sulaiman Lobe represents the passive roof duplex stacked beneath the frontal passive roof thrust. The passive roof thrust, which has a back thrust sense of motion and extends into the interior of Fold belt. Left lateral Kingri Fault separates Eastern and Central Sulaiman fold belt. In Central Sulaiman fold belt the deformation front moved further towards fore deep as compared to Eastern Sulaiman. Two wells (Kotrum-01, Drigri-01) have been drilled in the study area with the objective to determine the potential of oil and gas in Habib Rahi Limestone of Eocene age, Dunghan Limestone of Paleocene age and Pab Sandstone of cretaceous age and role of structural styles in hydrocarbon potential of study area. Kotrum-01 well was drilled to its T.D of 4798m. Besides fishing and side tracking, tight whole conditions, high pressure, and losses of circulation were also encountered. During production, testing Pab sandstone were tested but abandoned found. Drigri-01 well was drilled to its T.D 3250 m. RFT was carried out at different points, but all points showed no pressure / seal failure and the well was plugged and declared abandoned. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrocarbon%20potential" title="hydrocarbon potential">hydrocarbon potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20style" title=" structural style"> structural style</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reserve%20calculation" title=" reserve calculation"> reserve calculation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enhance%20production" title=" enhance production"> enhance production</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39878/study-of-structural-styles-and-hydrocarbon-potential-of-rajan-pur-area-middle-indus-basin-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39878.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">89</span> Heritage Landmark of Penang: Segara Ninda, a Mix of Culture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Normah%20Sulaiman">Normah Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Zhi%20Kang"> Yong Zhi Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nor%20Hayati%20Hussain"> Nor Hayati Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Rehman%20Khalid"> Abdul Rehman Khalid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Segara Ninda owned by Din Ku Meh, the governor of the province Satul, a Malay man with a big role liaising with Thailand. This mansion is part of the legacy he left behind among other properties in George Town, Penang, besides his family. The island’s geographical location is strategic which has benefitted it through important trade routes for Europe, Middle, East, India, and China in the past. Due to this reasoning, various architectural styles were introduced in Penang; Late Straits Eclectic style is one of the forms of the Colonial Architectural style widely spread as vernacular shophouses in George Town. Segara Ninda is located among the mixture of nouveau-riche, historical and heritage sites at the most important street; Penang Road, which dated back to the late 18th century. This paper examines the strait eclectic style that Segara Ninda encompasses. Acknowledging the mixture of colonial architecture in Georgetown, we argue that the mansion faces challenging issues in conservation processes to be vindicated. This is reflected by analysing the spatial layout, visual elements quality, and its activity through interviews with the occupants of the mansion. The focus will be on the understanding of building form, features, and functions; respecting the architectural spaces and their activity. The methodology applied is to promote our understanding of the mix of culture that the mansion holds through documentation, observation and measuring exercises. This offers a positional interpretation of the mix of culture that the mansion holds. This conservation effort will further contribute exposure to the public and recognize it in the society as its essence is a deficiency character to the existing built environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eclectic" title="eclectic">eclectic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage" title=" heritage"> heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20organization" title=" spatial organization"> spatial organization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93452/heritage-landmark-of-penang-segara-ninda-a-mix-of-culture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93452.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">88</span> The Sembar Cretaceous Shale Gas Bearing Formation at Hajipur</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakiullah%20Kalwar">Zakiullah Kalwar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shabeer%20Ahmed%20Abbasi"> Shabeer Ahmed Abbasi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research encompasses the study of Cretaceous Sembar Formation Shale Gas potential at Hajipur area. This study has been done with the approach of geophysical data integration. The structure is NE – SW trending anticline with two map able compartments at Cretaceous Sembar level. The study area is located within proven petroleum system. Cretaceous Sembar/Goru formation is in a Wet gas window and Tertiary source is possibly in the oil window. Potential seals are present in Upper Ranikot shale beds and Intra-Lower Ranikot shales. The effectiveness and presence of source and reservoir rocks are favorable in the area of interest. Cretaceous Sembar Shale and Goru Shale beds with good organic content (TOC upto 4%, Type II/III) are currently in gas generation window in the area. Source rock intervals are also reported in Eocene Kirthar Group (TOC upto 8%, Type –II). Good reservoir quality Paleocene Lower Ranikot and Cretaceous Sembar shale beds exist in the area. The collision between Indian and Eurasian Plates during Tertiary initiated folding and thrusting. The first phase of thrusting involved ophiolite emplacement along the western margins of the Indian Plate (west of the area under review). The main phase of thrusting in the Sulaiman region was from Late Miocene to the present. The study area contains Permian to Recent clastics and carbonates. The succession generally is younger in the southeast than in northwest. Intraformational sedimentation breaks are pronounced in Permian and Jurassic. Sulaiman Range is bounded by the Western Sulaiman Transform Fault Zone (of which the Kingri Fault is the major fault) to the west and by the Domanda Fault to the east. The Domanda Fault also constitutes the western boundary of the Sulaiman Foredeep, lies in sulaiman foredeep where subsurface having prominent independent closure. Several reservoir horizons of Jurassic to Eocene are established hydrocarbon producers in the Hajipur area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enough%20size" title="enough size">enough size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=good%20potential" title=" good potential"> good potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shale%20gas" title=" shale gas"> shale gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structure%20closure" title=" structure closure"> structure closure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40150/the-sembar-cretaceous-shale-gas-bearing-formation-at-hajipur" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40150.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">278</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">87</span> Spectrophotometric Determination of Phenylephrine Hydrochloride by Coupling with Diazotized 2,4-Dinitroaniline</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sulaiman%20Gafar%20Muhamad">Sulaiman Gafar Muhamad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A rapid spectrophotometric method for the micro-determination of phenylephrine-HCl (PHE) has been developed. The proposed method involves the coupling of phenylephrine-HCl with diazotized 2,4-dinitroaniline in alkaline medium at λmax 455 nm. Under the present optimum condition, Beer’s law was obeyed in the range of 1.0-20 μg/ml of PHE with molar absorptivity of 1.915 ×104 l. mol-1.cm-1, with a relative error of 0.015 and a relative standard deviation of 0.024%. The current method has been applied successfully to estimate phenylephrine-HCl in pharmaceutical preparations (nose drop and syrup). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diazo-coupling" title="diazo-coupling">diazo-coupling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2" title=" 2"> 2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=4-dinitroaniline" title="4-dinitroaniline">4-dinitroaniline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenylephrine-HCl" title=" phenylephrine-HCl"> phenylephrine-HCl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectrophotometry" title=" spectrophotometry"> spectrophotometry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53006/spectrophotometric-determination-of-phenylephrine-hydrochloride-by-coupling-with-diazotized-24-dinitroaniline" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">257</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">86</span> Characterization of Fish Bone Catalyst for Biodiesel Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarina%20Sulaiman">Sarina Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.Khairudin"> N.Khairudin </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.Jamal"> P.Jamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.Z.%20Alam"> M.Z. Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaki%20Zainudin"> Zaki Zainudin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Azmi"> S. Azmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, fish bone waste was used as a new catalyst for biodiesel production. Instead of discarding the fish bone waste, it will be utilized as a source for catalyst that can provide significant benefit to the environment. Also, it can be substitute as a calcium oxide source instead of using eggshell, crab shell and snail shell. The XRD and SEM analysis proved that calcined fish bone contains calcium oxide, calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite. The catalyst was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcinations" title="calcinations">calcinations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20bone" title=" fish bone"> fish bone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transesterification" title=" transesterification"> transesterification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20catalyst" title=" waste catalyst"> waste catalyst</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7717/characterization-of-fish-bone-catalyst-for-biodiesel-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7717.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">85</span> Students’ Perception of Their M-Learning Readiness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sulaiman%20Almutairy">Sulaiman Almutairy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trevor%20Davies"> Trevor Davies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yota%20Dimitriadi"> Yota Dimitriadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents study investigating how to understand better the psychological readiness for mobile learning (m-learning) among Saudi students, while also evaluating m-learning in Saudi Arabia-a topic that has not yet received adequate attention from researchers. Data was acquired through a questionnaire administered to 131 Saudi students at UK universities, in July 2013. The study confirmed that students are confident using mobile devices in their daily lives and that they would welcome more opportunities for mobile learning. The findings indicated that Saudi higher education students are highly familiar with, and are psychologically ready for, m-learning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=m-learning" title="m-learning">m-learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20technologies" title=" mobile technologies"> mobile technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychological%20readiness" title=" psychological readiness"> psychological readiness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education" title=" higher education"> higher education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22842/students-perception-of-their-m-learning-readiness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22842.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">520</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">84</span> Valuation on MEMS Pressure Sensors and Device Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20Amziah%20Md%20Yunus">Nurul Amziah Md Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izhal%20Abdul%20Halin"> Izhal Abdul Halin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasri%20Sulaiman"> Nasri Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noor%20Faezah%20Ismail"> Noor Faezah Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ong%20Kai%20Sheng"> Ong Kai Sheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The MEMS pressure sensor has been introduced and presented in this paper. The types of pressure sensor and its theory of operation are also included. The latest MEMS technology, the fabrication processes of pressure sensor are explored and discussed. Besides, various device applications of pressure sensor such as tire pressure monitoring system, diesel particulate filter and others are explained. Due to further miniaturization of the device nowadays, the pressure sensor with nanotechnology (NEMS) is also reviewed. The NEMS pressure sensor is expected to have better performance as well as lower in its cost. It has gained an excellent popularity in many applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20sensor" title="pressure sensor">pressure sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diaphragm" title=" diaphragm"> diaphragm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEMS" title=" MEMS"> MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive%20application" title=" automotive application"> automotive application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomedical%20application" title=" biomedical application"> biomedical application</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NEMS" title=" NEMS"> NEMS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28395/valuation-on-mems-pressure-sensors-and-device-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28395.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">671</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">83</span> A Comparative Study of Virus Detection Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sulaiman%20Al%20amro">Sulaiman Al amro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Alkhalifah"> Ali Alkhalifah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The growing number of computer viruses and the detection of zero day malware have been the concern for security researchers for a large period of time. Existing antivirus products (AVs) rely on detecting virus signatures which do not provide a full solution to the problems associated with these viruses. The use of logic formulae to model the behaviour of viruses is one of the most encouraging recent developments in virus research, which provides alternatives to classic virus detection methods. In this paper, we proposed a comparative study about different virus detection techniques. This paper provides the advantages and drawbacks of different detection techniques. Different techniques will be used in this paper to provide a discussion about what technique is more effective to detect computer viruses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20viruses" title="computer viruses">computer viruses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virus%20detection" title=" virus detection"> virus detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signature-based" title=" signature-based"> signature-based</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behaviour-based" title=" behaviour-based"> behaviour-based</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heuristic-based" title=" heuristic-based "> heuristic-based </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28688/a-comparative-study-of-virus-detection-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28688.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">484</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">82</span> Sustainability as a Platform in Microfinance Industry for Developing Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nor%20Azlina%20Ab.Rahman">Nor Azlina Ab.Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salwana%20Hassan"> Salwana Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuraeda%20Ibrahim"> Zuraeda Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Normah%20Omar"> Normah Omar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamaliah%20Said"> Jamaliah Said</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Revolution in the business environment has crucial growing changes on most globalized markets. Numerous of organizations are necessitating towards producing more proactive entrepreneurs with a dynamic teams, who can run and steer their business to victory. Revolutionizing on business strategy and entrepreneurial skills, also implementing innovation and practices to enhance its performance is necessary for these organizations to be more cost-efficient and increase their efficiency. The study aims to clarify issues of whether measurement has a positive effect on different aspects of innovation and best practices. The study contributes to the current understanding in three ways; first by presenting the important aspects of organizational innovation and best practices. Second by showing the importance of measurement in promoting different aspects of innovation and best practices. Third is to examine the link between innovation, best practices and sustainability in microfinance. The study has been executed by conducting a qualitative study toward the microfinance industry. A representative of management and employees in each company was selected through an invitation to participate in getting information for data collection purpose in the study. The study contains a comprehensive description of the impacts of measurement on different aspects of innovation and best practices towards sustainability in both microfinance industries and SMEs. Findings from this study shows that performance measurement has positive effects on issues related to innovation and best practices. The measurement for several aspects of innovation and best practices is good potential in microfinance industries. Additionally, measurement on innovation and best practices shows a positively related with each other to enhance organization performance. The study suggests that both academics and practitioners should focus on the development of new methods and practices to describe and scrutinize further understanding for measuring issues which is related to innovation and best practices, in order to better develop innovation and best practices towards sustainability. This effort would not only contribute to firm’s success, but also toward the development of the nation in the developing countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=best%20practices" title="best practices">best practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation" title=" innovation"> innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microfinance" title=" microfinance"> microfinance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability "> sustainability </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23518/sustainability-as-a-platform-in-microfinance-industry-for-developing-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23518.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">522</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">81</span> Packaging Improvement for Unit Cell Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (V-RFB)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20C.%20Khor">A. C. Khor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Mohamed"> M. R. Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20H.%20Sulaiman"> M. H. Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Daud"> M. R. Daud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Packaging for vanadium redox flow battery is one of the key elements for successful implementation of flow battery in the electrical energy storage system. Usually the bulky battery size and low energy densities make this technology not available for mobility application. Therefore RFB with improved packaging size and energy capacity are highly desirable. This paper focuses on the study of packaging improvement for unit cell V-RFB to the application on Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle. Two different designs of 25 cm2 and 100 cm2 unit cell V-RFB at same current density are used for the sample in this investigation. Further suggestions on packaging improvement are highlighted. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20vehicle" title="electric vehicle">electric vehicle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=redox%20flow%20battery" title=" redox flow battery"> redox flow battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=packaging" title=" packaging"> packaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vanadium" title=" vanadium"> vanadium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10696/packaging-improvement-for-unit-cell-vanadium-redox-flow-battery-v-rfb" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10696.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">80</span> A Compilation of Nanotechnology in Thin Film Solar Cell Devices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20Amziah%20Md%20Yunus">Nurul Amziah Md Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izhal%20Abdul%20Halin"> Izhal Abdul Halin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasri%20Sulaiman"> Nasri Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noor%20Faezah%20Ismail"> Noor Faezah Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nik%20Hasniza%20Nik%20Aman"> Nik Hasniza Nik Aman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nanotechnology has become the world attention in various applications including the solar cells devices due to the uniqueness and benefits of achieving low cost and better performances of devices. Recently, thin film solar cells such as cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper-indium-gallium-diSelenide (CIGS), copper-zinc-tin-sulphide (CZTS), and dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) enhanced by nanotechnology have attracted much attention. Thus, a compilation of nanotechnology devices giving the progress in the solar cells has been presented. It is much related to nanoparticles or nanocrystallines, carbon nanotubes, and nanowires or nanorods structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanotechnology" title="nanotechnology">nanotechnology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocrystalline" title=" nanocrystalline"> nanocrystalline</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanowires" title=" nanowires"> nanowires</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20nanotubes" title=" carbon nanotubes"> carbon nanotubes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanorods" title=" nanorods"> nanorods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20film%20solar%20cells" title=" thin film solar cells"> thin film solar cells</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27188/a-compilation-of-nanotechnology-in-thin-film-solar-cell-devices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27188.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">627</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">79</span> The Role of International Organizations in Educational Reform in Iraq</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thanaa%20M.%20Sulaiman">Thanaa M. Sulaiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Iraqi education system has suffered greatly as a result of wars, political instability, and economic problems. After the fall of Saddam’s regime in 2003, the Iraqi education system was proportionally the most impacted sector. The new administration prioritized educational reforms. International organizations, as well as foreign countries, were in the lead to achieve educational reforms. The current study aims to shed light on the reformation process and the roles of different stakeholders, especially international organizations. It also aims to explore the current problems facing the Iraqi education system. Additionally, it aims to explore the different programs and projects that are funded and implemented by international organizations and the impact of these programs and projects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iraqi%20education%20system" title=" Iraqi education system"> Iraqi education system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20reform" title=" educational reform"> educational reform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20organizations" title=" international organizations"> international organizations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148575/the-role-of-international-organizations-in-educational-reform-in-iraq" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148575.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">78</span> Bismuth-Inhibitory Effects on Bacteria and Stimulation of Fungal Growth In vitro</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sulaiman%20B.%20Ali%20Alharbi">Sulaiman B. Ali Alharbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bassam%20H.%20Mashat"> Bassam H. Mashat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naif%20Abdullah%20Al-Harbi"> Naif Abdullah Al-Harbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milton%20Wainwright"> Milton Wainwright</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abeer%20S.%20Aloufi"> Abeer S. Aloufi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sulamain%20Alnaimat"> Sulamain Alnaimat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bismuth salicylate was found to inhibit the growth of a range of bacteria and yeast, Candida albican. In general the growth of bacteria did not result in the increase in bismuth solubilisation, in contrast, bismuth solubilisation increased following the growth of C. albicans. A significant increase in the biomass (dry weight) of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae occurred in vitro when these fungi were grown in the presence of bismuth salicylate. Biomass increase occurred over a range of bismuth compound additions, which in the case of A. oryzae was associated with the increase in the solubilisation of the insoluble bismuth compounds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacterial%20inhibition" title="bacterial inhibition">bacterial inhibition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fungal%20growth%20stimulation" title=" fungal growth stimulation"> fungal growth stimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20uses%20of%20bismuth" title=" medical uses of bismuth"> medical uses of bismuth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yeast%20inhibition" title=" yeast inhibition"> yeast inhibition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51668/bismuth-inhibitory-effects-on-bacteria-and-stimulation-of-fungal-growth-in-vitro" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51668.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">77</span> Street Begging: A Loss of Human Resource in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sulaiman%20Kassim%20Ibrahim">Sulaiman Kassim Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human Resource is one of the most important elements in any country. They are very important in actualizing the potential of every sector in the country, i.e Agric, Education, Finance, Judiciary and all formal and informal sectors. The purpose of this study is to investigate the loss of human resource in Nigeria through street begging. The study used intensive literature review. Finding from the review indicate that a significant number of human resource are into street begging in the country undeveloped and untapped. The paper recommend that policy should be initiated to discourage street begging, develop this resource through education and empowerment, stop rural-urban migration by providing infrastructure in the rural areas and abolish informal (Almajiri or beggars school) and transform it into formal school. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20resource" title="human resource">human resource</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20begging" title=" street begging"> street begging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Almajiri" title=" Almajiri"> Almajiri</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78702/street-begging-a-loss-of-human-resource-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78702.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">76</span> Graphene-Oxide-Supported Coal-Layered Double Hydroxides: Synthesis and Characterizations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaeel%20A.%20Al%20Thabaiti">Shaeel A. Al Thabaiti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sulaiman%20N.%20Basahel"> Sulaiman N. Basahel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salem%20M.%20Bawaked"> Salem M. Bawaked</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Mokhtar"> Mohamed Mokhtar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nanosheets for cobalt-layered double hydroxide (Co-Al-LDH)/GO were successfully synthesized with different Co:M g:Al ratios (0:3:1, 1.5:1.5:1, and 3:0:1). The layered double hydroxide structure and morphology were determined using x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Temperature prgrammed reduction (TPR) of Co-Al-LDH showed reduction peaks at lower temperature which indicates the ease reducibility of this particular sample. The thermal behaviour was studied using thermal graviemetric technique (TG), and the BET-surface area was determined using N2 physisorption at -196°C. The C-C coupling reaction was carried out over all the investigated catalysts. The Mg–Al LDH catalyst without Co ions is inactive, but the isomorphic substitution of Mg by Co ions (Co:Mg:Al = 1.5:1.5:1) in the cationic sheet resulted in 88% conversion of iodobenzene under reflux. LDH/GO hybrid is up to 2 times higher activity than for the unsupported LDH. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title="adsorption">adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-precipitation" title=" co-precipitation"> co-precipitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene%20oxide" title=" graphene oxide"> graphene oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=layer%20double%20hydroxide" title=" layer double hydroxide"> layer double hydroxide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67980/graphene-oxide-supported-coal-layered-double-hydroxides-synthesis-and-characterizations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">75</span> Transient Analysis of Laminated Rubber Bearing Bridge during High Intensity Earthquake</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20M.%20Amin">N. M. Amin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20N.%20A.%20W.%20Sulaiman"> W. N. A. W. Sulaiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effectiveness of the seismic response between 3D solid elements model and simplified beam elements model has been investigated. At present, the studies of the numerical modelling using 3D solid element are minimal due to numerical software constraint. The finite element analysis using 3D solid element was chosen to study displacement response of laminated rubber bearing (LRB) during high intensity Kobe earthquake. In this research a simply supported bridge (single span), fixed at support was analysed by using transient analysis subjected to real time history loading of Kobe earthquake. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laminated%20rubber%20bearing" title="laminated rubber bearing">laminated rubber bearing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20element" title=" solid element"> solid element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simplified%20beam%20element" title=" simplified beam element"> simplified beam element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transient%20analysis" title=" transient analysis"> transient analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6045/transient-analysis-of-laminated-rubber-bearing-bridge-during-high-intensity-earthquake" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6045.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">74</span> Sustainable Transformative Approaches to Reuse the Built Heritage of Erbil Citadel Houses as Part of Restoration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wafaa%20Anwar%20Sulaiman%20Goriel">Wafaa Anwar Sulaiman Goriel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The historiography of the Revival heritage aims to breathe a wider spirit of historical building back into life. This paper reflects an approach to revitalizing architectural antiquities through unusual methodologies elsewhere unknown in the renovation heritage sphere using the Erbil Citadel houses as a example. The 6000-year-old, continuously occupied site of Erbil Citadel embodies the challenges and mutual opportunities in ensuring that historical context is preserved during modern redevelopment. It shows how these principles can engage traditional construction systems with modern materials and technologies. It is an approach that champions the age and integrity of restored heritage sites, containing within its vernacular style elements which add to a sense of relevance when contextually re-set in modern settings. Some Citadel’s houses will be discussed in the paper and the restoration method has been processed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erbil%20Citadel%20houses" title="Erbil Citadel houses">Erbil Citadel houses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preservation" title=" preservation"> preservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage" title=" heritage"> heritage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=historical%20sites" title=" historical sites"> historical sites</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192657/sustainable-transformative-approaches-to-reuse-the-built-heritage-of-erbil-citadel-houses-as-part-of-restoration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192657.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">18</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">73</span> IoT: State-of-the-Art and Future Directions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bashir%20Abdu%20Muzakkari">Bashir Abdu Muzakkari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aisha%20Umar%20Sulaiman"> Aisha Umar Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Afendee%20Muhamad"> Mohamed Afendee Muhamad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanah%20Abdullahi%20Muaz"> Sanah Abdullahi Muaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The field of the Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly expanding and has the potential to completely change how we work, live, and interact with the world. The Internet of Things (IoT) is the term used to describe a network of networked physical objects, including machinery, vehicles, and buildings, which are equipped with electronics, software, sensors, and network connectivity. This review paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of IoT, including its definition, key components, development history, and current applications. The paper will also discuss the challenges and opportunities presented by IoT, as well as its potential impact on various industries, such as healthcare, agriculture, and transportation. In addition, this paper will highlight the ethical and security concerns associated with IoT and the need for effective solutions to address these challenges. The paper concludes by highlighting the prospects of IoT and the directions for future research in this field. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet%20of%20things" title="internet of things">internet of things</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IoT" title=" IoT"> IoT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensors" title=" sensors"> sensors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network" title=" network"> network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170950/iot-state-of-the-art-and-future-directions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170950.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">174</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">72</span> Design of Residential Geothermal Cooling System in Kuwait</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tebah%20KH%20A%20AlFouzan">Tebah KH A AlFouzan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meznah%20Dahlous%20Ali%20Alkreebani"> Meznah Dahlous Ali Alkreebani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemah%20Salem%20Dekheel%20Alrasheedi"> Fatemah Salem Dekheel Alrasheedi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanadi%20Bandar%20Rughayan%20AlNomas"> Hanadi Bandar Rughayan AlNomas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muneerah%20Mohammad%20Sulaiman%20ALOjairi"> Muneerah Mohammad Sulaiman ALOjairi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Article spotlights the heat transfer process based beneath the earth’s surface. The process starts by exchanging the heat found in the building as fluid in the pipes absorbs it, then transports it down the soil consuming cool temperature exchange, recirculating, and rebounding to deliver cool air. This system is a renewable energy that is reliable and sustainable. The analysis showed the disposal of fossil fuels, energy preservation, 400% efficiency, long lifespan, and lower maintenance. Investigation displays the system’s types of design, whether open or closed loop and piping layout. Finally, the geothermal cooling study presents the challenges of creating a prototype in Kuwait, as constraints are applicable due to geography. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooling%20system" title="cooling system">cooling system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering" title=" engineering"> engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geothermal%20cooling" title=" geothermal cooling"> geothermal cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20ventilation" title=" natural ventilation"> natural ventilation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160260/design-of-residential-geothermal-cooling-system-in-kuwait" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160260.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">71</span> Good Corporate Governance and Accountability in Microfinance Institutions </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20R.%20Nor%20Azlina">A. R. Nor Azlina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Salwana"> H. Salwana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Zuraeda"> I. Zuraeda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20R.%20Rashidah"> A. R. Rashidah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Normah"> O. Normah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Transitioning towards globalization in the business environment has necessitated more essential growing changes such as competition, business strategy, innovation in technology and effectiveness of societal trends on adopting corporate governance are seen to be drivers of the future. This transformations on business environment has a significant impact to organizations’ performances. Many organizations are demanding for more proactive entrepreneurs with dynamic team, who can run and steer their business to success. Changing on strategy, roles, tasks, entrepreneurial skills and implementing corporate governance in relationship development is important to enhance the organization’s performance towards being more cost-efficient and subsequently increase its efficiency. Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in most developing countries are contributors to the economic growth of a nation. However, the potential of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) is always overlooked in contributing towards SMEs development. The adoption of corporate governance and accountability in MFIs as driving forces for these SMEs is not incorporated in measurements of organization performance. This paper attempts to address some of the governance issues associated with dimensions of accountability in improving performances of microfinance institutions. Qualitative approach was adopted in this study to analyze the data collected. The qualitative approach emerges as contributing factor in understanding and critiquing accountability processes, as well as addressing the concerns of practitioners and policymakers. A close researcher engagement with the field which concerns process, embracing of situational complexity, as well as critical and reflective understandings of organizational phenomena remain as hallmarks of the tradition. It is concluded that in describing and scrutinizing an understanding of managerial behavior, organizational factors and macro-economic relationship in SMEs firm need to be improved. This is also the case in MFIs. A framework is developed to explore the linkage of corporate governance and accountability issues related to entrepreneurship as factors affecting MFIs performances in facing ongoing transformation of organization performance within Malaysian SMEs industries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accountability" title="accountability">accountability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title=" corporate governance"> corporate governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microfinance" title=" microfinance"> microfinance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organization%20performance" title=" organization performance"> organization performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23516/good-corporate-governance-and-accountability-in-microfinance-institutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23516.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">391</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">70</span> Effect of Pulse Duration and Current to the EDM Process on Allegheny Ludlum D2 Tool Steel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Sulaiman">S. Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Razak"> M. A. Razak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Ibrahim"> M. R. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Khan"> A. A. Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An experimental work on the effect of different current and pulse duration on performance of EDM process of Allegheny Ludlum D2 Tool Steel (UNS T30402). The effect of varying the machining parameters on the machining responses such as material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear rate (EWR), and surface roughness (Ra) have been investigated. In this study, triangular shape and circular shape of copper was used as an electrode with surface area of 100 mm². The experiments were repeated for three different values of pulse duration (100 µs, 200 µs and 400 µs) with combination of three different values of discharge current (12 A, 16 A and 24 A). It was found that the pulse duration and current have significant effect on MRR, EWR and Ra. An increase in the pulse durations causes an increase in the MRR and Ra, but a decrease in the EWR. Meanwhile, the effect of currents on EDM performance shows that the increasing currents lead to an increase in the MRR, EWR and Ra. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=allegheny%20ludlum%20D2%20tool%20steel" title="allegheny ludlum D2 tool steel">allegheny ludlum D2 tool steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=current" title=" current"> current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EDM" title=" EDM"> EDM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20roughness" title=" surface roughness"> surface roughness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulse%20duration" title=" pulse duration"> pulse duration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7844/effect-of-pulse-duration-and-current-to-the-edm-process-on-allegheny-ludlum-d2-tool-steel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7844.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">69</span> The Impact of Election Observation on Electoral Reforms in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Sulaiman">Abubakar Sulaiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper examines how election observation influences electoral reforms in Nigeria. Over the years, election observation continues to play critical role in the electoral process specifically in Nigeria and Africa at large. Election observation keeps an eye on the electoral process and all the stakeholders during elections, to ensure that the process is fair to all contestants. While literature abound on this role of election observation on electoral process in Nigeria, scanty scholarly efforts have been made to appraise how election observation influences electoral reforms in Nigeria. Also, while election observation may play a role in ensuring that the electoral process is credible, specifically, its role in prvoking and eliciting various electoral reforms in the country has not been explored. The paper adopts the explanatory research design using secondary data and document analysis. Preliminary findings show that election observation has influenced electoral reforms in Nigeria in no small measure. The paper concludes that election observation is critical for result oriented electoral reforms in Nigeria, albeit, such reforms have to be implemented to the latter. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electoral%20reforms" title="electoral reforms">electoral reforms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=election%20observation" title=" election observation"> election observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electoral%20process" title=" electoral process"> electoral process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=developing%20country" title=" developing country"> developing country</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123813/the-impact-of-election-observation-on-electoral-reforms-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123813.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">68</span> Health Status and Psychology Wellbeing of Street Children in Kuala Lumpur</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabri%20Sulaiman">Sabri Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20Hajar%20Abu%20Bakar%20Ah"> Siti Hajar Abu Bakar Ah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haris%20Abd%20Wahab"> Haris Abd Wahab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Street children is a global phenomenon and declared as a social problem by social researcher and scholars across the world. The insecure street environment exposes street children into various risk factors. One of them is the health and psychological problem. The objective of this study is to assess the health problem and psychological wellbeing of street children in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The cross-sectional study involved 303 street children in Chow Kit, Kuala Lumpur. The study confirmed that the majority (95.7%) of street children who participated in the study have a health problem. The findings also demonstrated that the majority of them have issues related to their psychological wellbeing. The inputs from this study are instrumental for the suggestion of specific intervention to improve the health and psychology wellbeing of street children in Malaysia. Agencies which are responsible for the street children well-being can utilise the inputs to framing and improving the social care programmes for the children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20children" title="street children">street children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20status" title=" health status"> health status</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychology%20wellbeing" title=" psychology wellbeing"> psychology wellbeing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homeless" title=" homeless"> homeless</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107193/health-status-and-psychology-wellbeing-of-street-children-in-kuala-lumpur" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107193.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">67</span> Biogenic-Sedimentary Structures of the Ordovician-Khabour Formation from the Northern Thrust Zone, Kurdistan, Iraq</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waleed%20Sulaiman%20Shingaly">Waleed Sulaiman Shingaly</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Ordivician-Khabour Formation from the Northern Thrust Zone of Iraqi-Kurdistan comprises between 500 and 800 m of alternating predominantly greenish-grey sandstones, siltstones and shales. The succession has revealed an abundant ichnofossils characterized by 11 ichnogenus, namely: Helminthopsis, Gordia, Cruziana, Rusophycus, Monomorphichnus, Rhizocorallium, Thalassinoide, Planolite, Paleophycus, Deplocraterion and Skolithose. Ethologically these ichnogenera display dwelling and feeding activities of the infaunal organisms. This association of ichnofossils contains elements of the Skolithose and Cruziana ichnofacies. The presence of Skolithos ichnofacies indicates sandy shifting substrate and high energy conditions in foreshore zone while the Cruziana ichnofacies indicate unconsolidated, poorly sorted soft substrate and low energy condition in the shore face/offshore zone. These ichnogenera indicate shoreface-offshore zone of shallow-marine environment for the deposition of the rocks of the Khabour Formation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ichnofossils" title="Ichnofossils">Ichnofossils</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shoreface-offshore%20zone" title=" shoreface-offshore zone"> shoreface-offshore zone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khabour%20Formation" title=" Khabour Formation"> Khabour Formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iraq" title=" Iraq"> Iraq</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21587/biogenic-sedimentary-structures-of-the-ordovician-khabour-formation-from-the-northern-thrust-zone-kurdistan-iraq" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21587.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">524</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">66</span> Characterization of Banana (Musa spp.) Pseudo-Stem and Fruit-Bunch-Stem as a Potential Renewable Energy Resource</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurhayati%20Abdullah">Nurhayati Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fauziah%20Sulaiman"> Fauziah Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhamad%20Azman%20Miskam"> Muhamad Azman Miskam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahmad%20Mohd%20Taib"> Rahmad Mohd Taib </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Banana pseudo-stem and fruit-bunch-stem are agricultural residues that can be used for conversion to bio-char, bio-oil, and gases by using thermochemical process. The aim of this work is to characterize banana pseudo-stem and banana fruit-bunch-stem through proximate analysis, elemental analysis, chemical analysis, thermo-gravimetric analysis, and heating calorific value. The ash contents of the banana pseudo-stem and banana fruit-bunch-stem are 11.0 mf wt.% and 20.6 mf wt.%; while the carbon content of banana pseudo-stem and fruit-bunch-stem are 37.9 mf wt.% and 35.58 mf wt.% respectively. The molecular formulas for banana stem and banana fruit-bunch-stem are C24H33NO26 and C19H29NO33 respectively. The measured higher heating values of banana pseudo-stem and banana fruit-bunch-stem are 15.5MJ/kg and 12.7 MJ/kg respectively. By chemical analysis, the lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose contents in the samples will also be presented. The feasibility of the banana wastes to be a feedstock for thermochemical process in comparison with other biomass will be discussed in this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=banana%20waste" title="banana waste">banana waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass" title=" biomass"> biomass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermo-chemical%20characteristics" title=" thermo-chemical characteristics"> thermo-chemical characteristics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6876/characterization-of-banana-musa-spp-pseudo-stem-and-fruit-bunch-stem-as-a-potential-renewable-energy-resource" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6876.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">519</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">65</span> Performance of Phytogreen Zone for BOD5 and SS Removal for Refurbishment Conventional Oxidation Pond in an Integrated Phytogreen System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20R.%20Abdul%20Syukor">A. R. Abdul Syukor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20W.%20Zularisam"> A. W. Zularisam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Ideris"> Z. Ideris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Mohd%20Ismid"> M. S. Mohd Ismid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20M.%20Nakmal"> H. M. Nakmal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Sulaiman"> S. Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20H.%20Hasmanie"> A. H. Hasmanie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Siti%20Norsita"> M. R. Siti Norsita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Nasrullah"> M. Nasrullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the effectiveness of integrated aquatic plants in phytogreen zone was studied and statistical analysis for the promotional integrated phytogreen system approached was discussed. It was found that the effectiveness of using aquatic plant such as Typha angustifolia sp., Lepironia articulata sp., Limnocharis flava sp., Monochoria vaginalis sp., Pistia stratiotes sp., and Eichhornia crassipes sp. in the conventional oxidation pond process in order to comply the standard A according to Malaysia Environmental Quality Act 1974 (Act 127); Environmental Quality (Sewage) Regulation 2009 for effluent discharge into inland water near the residential area was successfully shown. It was concluded that the integrated phytogreen system developed in this study has great potential for refurbishment wastewater in conventional oxidation pond. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytoremediation" title="phytoremediation">phytoremediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrated%20phytogreen%20system" title=" integrated phytogreen system"> integrated phytogreen system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sewage%20treatment%20plant" title=" sewage treatment plant"> sewage treatment plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidation%20pond" title=" oxidation pond"> oxidation pond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20plants" title=" aquatic plants"> aquatic plants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6115/performance-of-phytogreen-zone-for-bod5-and-ss-removal-for-refurbishment-conventional-oxidation-pond-in-an-integrated-phytogreen-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6115.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">64</span> Total Lipid of Mutant Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azlin%20S%20Azmi">Azlin S Azmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mus%E2%80%99ab%20Zainal"> Mus’ab Zainal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarina%20Sulaiman"> Sarina Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azura%20Amid"> Azura Amid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaki%20Zainudin"> Zaki Zainudin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microalgae lipid is a promising feedstock for biodiesel production. The objective of this work was to study growth factors affecting marine mutant Synechococcus sp. (PCC 7002) for high lipid production. Four growth factors were investigated; nitrogen-phosporus-potassium (NPK) concentration, light intensity, temperature and NaNO3 concentration on mutant strain growth and lipid production were studied. Design Expert v8.0 was used to design the experimental and analyze the data. The experimental design selected was Min-Run Res IV which consists of 12 runs and the response surfaces measured were specific growth rate and lipid concentration. The extraction of lipid was conducted by chloroform/methanol solvents system. Based on the study, mutant Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 gave the highest specific growth rate of 0.0014 h-1 at 0% NPK, 2500 lux, 40oC and 0% NaNO3. On the other hand, the highest lipid concentration was obtained at 0% NPK, 3500 lux, 30°C and 1% NaNO3. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cyanobacteria" title="Cyanobacteria">Cyanobacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipid" title=" lipid"> lipid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mutant" title=" mutant"> mutant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20Synechococcus%20sp.%20%28PCC%207002%29" title=" marine Synechococcus sp. (PCC 7002)"> marine Synechococcus sp. (PCC 7002)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specific%20growth%20rate" title=" specific growth rate"> specific growth rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8067/total-lipid-of-mutant-synechococcus-sp-pcc-7002" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8067.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">63</span> The Arab Spring Rebellion or Revolution: An Analysis of the Text</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sulaiman%20Ahmed">Sulaiman Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper will analyse the classical Islamic text in order to determine whether the Arab spring was a rebellion or a revolution. Commencing in 2010, we saw a series of revolutions or what some would call rebellions throughout the Arab peninsula. Many of the religious clergies came out emphatically in support of the people who wanted to overthrow the leaders. This brought forth the important question about the acceptability of rebelling against unjust leaders in Islamic theological texts. The paper will look to analyse the Islamic legal and theological position on the permissibility of rebelling, whether there is scholarly consensus on the issue, and how the texts are analysed in order to come to the current position we have today. The position of the clergy who supported the Arab spring will also be analysed in order to deduce if their position falls within the religious framework. An inquiry will be about to determine the ideology of those who joined the rebellion after the inception and whether these ideas can be found in classical Islamic texts. The nuances of these positions will be analysed in order to determine whether what we witnessed was a rebellion or a revolution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rebellion" title="rebellion">rebellion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=revolution" title=" revolution"> revolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arab%20spring" title=" Arab spring"> Arab spring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scholarly%20consensus" title=" scholarly consensus"> scholarly consensus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98300/the-arab-spring-rebellion-or-revolution-an-analysis-of-the-text" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98300.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">62</span> The Proactive Approach of Digital Forensics Methodology against Targeted Attack Malware</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Fadzlee%20Sulaiman">Mohamed Fadzlee Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Zabri%20Adil%20Talib"> Mohd Zabri Adil Talib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aswami%20Fadillah%20Mohd%20Ariffin"> Aswami Fadillah Mohd Ariffin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Each individual organization has their own mechanism to build up cyber defense capability in protecting their information infrastructures from data breaches and cyber espionage. But, we can not deny the possibility of failing to detect and stop cyber attacks especially for those targeting credential information and intellectual property (IP). In this paper, we would like to share the modern approach of effective digital forensic methodology in order to identify the artifacts in tracing the trails of evidence while mitigating the infection from the target machine/s. This proposed approach will suit the digital forensic investigation to be conducted while resuming the business critical operation after mitigating the infection and minimizing the risk from the identified attack to transpire. Therefore, traditional digital forensics methodology has to be improvised to be proactive which not only focusing to discover the root caused and the threat actor but to develop the relevant mitigation plan in order to prevent from the same attack. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20forensic" title="digital forensic">digital forensic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detection" title=" detection"> detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eradication" title=" eradication"> eradication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=targeted%20attack" title=" targeted attack"> targeted attack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malware" title=" malware"> malware</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73724/the-proactive-approach-of-digital-forensics-methodology-against-targeted-attack-malware" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73724.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">61</span> Role of Islamic Economic System for Sustainabe Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yahaya%20Sulaiman">Yahaya Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Muhammad%20Yakuba"> Ibrahim Muhammad Yakuba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Usman"> Abubakar Usman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we discuss that Sustainable Development Goals are in consonance with Islamic ethos and philosophy. Islam made emphasize on human well-being from spiritual, physiological, intellectual and economic perspectives. Islamic worldview and values framework strengthens moral consciousness, urge pro-social behaviour and engender environmental ethics which can help in influencing our attitudes towards meeting sustainable development challenges. Islamic social finance institutions like Zakat and Waqf can contribute towards scaling up efforts in commercially non-viable, but socially vital projects and programs. There is much potential for Islamic finance to promote sustainable economic development through such approaches as widening access to finance, financing infrastructure projects, and expanding the reach of Takaful. Real sector based productive enterprise in Islamic finance has positive implications for the ecosystem. Risk-sharing shifts the emphasis from credit-worthiness of the borrower to be placed on the value creation and economic viability of investments that create new wealth. Islamic social finance package can cater to the financially excluded households. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title="assessment">assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic" title=" Islamic"> Islamic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic" title=" economic"> economic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable" title=" sustainable"> sustainable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174301/role-of-islamic-economic-system-for-sustainabe-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174301.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right 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