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class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Enciclopedia Britannica</span></h1> <div class="tagline"> enciclopedia generalista in lingua inglese </div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Lingua" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Lingua</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" 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</a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p>L'<i><b>Enciclopedia Britannica</b></i> (nome originale, in <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lingua_latina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lingua latina">latino</a>, <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>) è una delle principali enciclopedie in <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lingua_inglese?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lingua inglese">lingua inglese</a>; la sua prima edizione è datata al 1768-71 a <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edimburgo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edimburgo">Edimburgo</a>, in <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Scozia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Scozia">Scozia</a>, come <i>Encyclopædia Britannica, or, A dictionary of Arts and Sciences, Compiled upon a New Plan</i>.</p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:Volumes_of_the_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_(9th_edition,_1875%E2%80%931889).jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Volumes_of_the_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_%289th_edition%2C_1875%E2%80%931889%29.jpg/220px-Volumes_of_the_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_%289th_edition%2C_1875%E2%80%931889%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Volumes_of_the_Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica_%25289th_edition%252C_1875%25E2%2580%25931889%2529.jpg/330px-Volumes_of_the_Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica_%25289th_edition%252C_1875%25E2%2580%25931889%2529.jpg 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Volumes_of_the_Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica_%25289th_edition%252C_1875%25E2%2580%25931889%2529.jpg/440px-Volumes_of_the_Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica_%25289th_edition%252C_1875%25E2%2580%25931889%2529.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5050" data-file-height="3360"></a> <figcaption> Volumi dell'<i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Nonostante il nome, la sua casa editrice, la Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., risiede dal <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1901?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1901">1901</a> a <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chicago?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, nel nord degli <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stati_Uniti_d%27America?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stati Uniti d'America">Stati Uniti</a>.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="it" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Indice</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Descrizione"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Descrizione</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Storia"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Storia</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#1768%E2%80%931826"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">1768–1826</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#1827%E2%80%931901"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">1827–1901</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#1901%E2%80%931973"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">1901–1973</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#1974%E2%80%931994"><span class="tocnumber">2.4</span> <span class="toctext">1974–1994</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Dal_1994_in_poi"><span class="tocnumber">2.5</span> <span class="toctext">Dal 1994 in poi</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Note"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Note</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Bibliografia"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliografia</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Voci_correlate"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Voci correlate</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Altri_progetti"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Altri progetti</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Collegamenti_esterni"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Collegamenti esterni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Descrizione">Descrizione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Enciclopedia_Britannica&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la sezione Descrizione" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifica</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>A partire dal tardo <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XVIII_secolo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XVIII secolo">Settecento</a> fino ai primi del <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XX_secolo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XX secolo">Novecento</a> le voci della Britannica furono spesso citate da molti come la principale autorità su un dato argomento, e talvolta comprendevano nuove teorie o ricerche rivolte a un pubblico di studiosi. Durante quest'epoca la Britannica si guadagnò un'alta reputazione ed ebbe una posizione unica nella cultura di lingua inglese. Il ruolo dell'enciclopedia cambiò comunque in modo sostanziale agli inizi del <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XX_secolo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XX secolo">XX secolo</a>, e ciò si riflette nelle edizioni della Britannica a partire dall'undicesima. Le enciclopedie sono diventate opere più generaliste e rivolte a un pubblico più ampio, con voci più brevi e facilmente leggibili. Non servono più come riferimento autorevole su un argomento: nell'era moderna, un'ampia gamma di riviste accademiche, libri di testo, pubblicazioni specializzate e fonti digitali hanno preso il posto dell'enciclopedia.</p> <p>Oggi la Britannica si è evoluta anche nelle versioni digitali disponibili su <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/CD-ROM?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="CD-ROM">CD-ROM</a>, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/DVD-ROM?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="DVD-ROM">DVD-ROM</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> e attraverso il <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/World_Wide_Web?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a>. È sopravvissuta a una feroce competizione da parte di un sempre crescente numero di fonti informative. Nel <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2012?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2012">2012</a> Jorge Cauz, presidente di Encyclopaedia Britannica Inc., ha annunciato che l'edizione del 2010 sarà l'ultima ad essere pubblicata in forma cartacea e che dalla stampa derivavano solo l'1/100 delle vendite della compagnia.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Le voci della Britannica sono comunemente considerate accurate, affidabili e ben scritte, e l'enciclopedia continua a essere consultata come opera di riferimento generale.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Storia">Storia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Enciclopedia_Britannica&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la sezione Storia" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifica</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>La Britannica è stata pubblicata in 15 edizioni, con supplementi multi-volume nella terza e quinta edizione. La 10ª edizione era solo un supplemento della 9ª, così come le edizioni 12ª e 13ª integravano l'undicesima. La 15ª edizione subì una massiccia riorganizzazione nel <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1985?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1985">1985</a> e la versione aggiornata attuale è ancora riconosciuta come la 15ª.</p> <p>Nel corso della storia, la Britannica ha avuto due obiettivi: essere una fonte di riferimento eccellente e fornire materiale didattico.<sup id="cite_ref-EB_encyclopedia_3-0" class="reference"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-EB_encyclopedia-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nel <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1974?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1974">1974</a>, la 15ª edizione si prefisse un terzo obiettivo: sistematizzare tutte le conoscenze umane.<sup id="cite_ref-propedia_preface_4-0" class="reference"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-propedia_preface-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La storia della <i>Britannica</i> può essere suddivisa in cinque periodi, intervallate da cambiamenti nella gestione e/o riorganizzazione e reindicizzazione del dizionario.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="1768–1826"><span id="1768.E2.80.931826"></span>1768–1826</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Enciclopedia_Britannica&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la sezione 1768–1826" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifica</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Frutto dell'<a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Illuminismo_scozzese?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Illuminismo scozzese">illuminismo scozzese</a>, la <i>Britannica</i> venne pubblicata originariamente a <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edimburgo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edimburgo">Edimburgo</a> nella seconda metà del XVIII secolo. La prima <i>Britannica</i> nacque dalla mente di <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Colin_Macfarquhar&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Colin Macfarquhar (la pagina non esiste)">Colin Macfarquhar</a>, un libraio e stampatore, e di <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andrew_Bell?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Andrew Bell">Andrew Bell</a>, un incisore, che pubblicarono l'opera sotto lo pseudonimo <i>Society of Gentlemen</i> (Società di gentiluomini). Il redattore fu lo studioso <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=William_Smellie_(enciclopedista)&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="William Smellie (enciclopedista) (la pagina non esiste)">William Smellie</a>, all'epoca ventottenne, cui vennero offerte 200 <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sterlina_inglese?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Sterlina inglese">sterline</a> per produrre l'enciclopedia in 100 parti e tre volumi. La prima parte apparve nel dicembre 1768, al prezzo di sei <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Penny?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Penny">pence</a>. Nel <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1771?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1771">1771</a> l'enciclopedia venne completata, con 2 391 pagine e 160 illustrazioni incise. Si stima ne vennero vendute 3 000 copie.</p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r143194400">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-citazione{margin-bottom:.5em;font-size:95%;padding-left:2.4em;padding-right:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-citazione-doppia{display:flex;gap:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-citazione-doppia>div{width:0;flex:1 1 0}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-citazione-footer{padding:0 1.2em 0 0;margin:-0.8em 0 0 0;font-size:smaller}</style> <div class="itwiki-template-citazione"> <div class="itwiki-template-citazione-singola"> <p>«Venne compilata, come recita il titolo, con un progetto di nuovo tipo. Le diverse scienze e arti vennero "classificate in distinti trattati o sistemi", dei quali 45 sono con titoli che attraversano la pagina e altri 30 articoli di tre pagine. I più lunghi sono "Anatomia", 166 pagine e "Chirurgia", 238 pagine. I vari termini tecnici sono spiegati nell'ordine alfabetico in cui si trovano. Anziché smembrare le scienza, tentando di trattarle in maniera comprensibile in una moltitudine di termini tecnici, hanno raccolto i principi di ogni scienza nella forma di sistemi o trattati distinti, e spiegato i termini nell'ordine alfabetico in cui si trovano, con il riferimento alla scienza a cui appartengono. Questo piano, come dicono i redattori, differisce da quello di tutti i precedenti dizionari di arti e scienza. Il suo merito e la sua novità consiste in… da una parte mantenere insieme importanti materie, e dall'altra agevolare il riferimento con numerosi articoli separati.»</p> </div> <p class="itwiki-template-citazione-footer">(Citazione da: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/EMS_EUD/ENCYCLOPAEDIA.html">Online Encyclopedia article on encyclopaedia</a>)</p> </div> <p>Grazie al successo della prima edizione, una seconda edizione, più ambiziosa, ne seguì. Questa volta Smellie rifiutò il ruolo di redattore, e Macfarquhar ne prese egli stesso il posto, aiutato da <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=James_Tytler&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="James Tytler (la pagina non esiste)">James Tytler</a>. La seconda edizione fu alla fine pubblicata dal <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1777?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1777">1777</a> al <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1784?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1784">1784</a> in 10 volumi, per un totale di 8 595 pagine.</p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r143194400"> <div class="itwiki-template-citazione"> <div class="itwiki-template-citazione-singola"> <p>«Il piano dell'opera venne allargato con l'aggiunta della storia e della biografia, che le enciclopedie in generale avevano a lungo trascurato. "Dal momento della seconda edizione di questo lavoro, ogni enciclopedia degna di nota, in Inghilterra e altrove, è stata un'enciclopedia, non solamente di arti e scienze, ma di tutta la cerchia generale del sapere e delle informazioni varie"»</p> </div> <p class="itwiki-template-citazione-footer">(<i>Quarterly Review</i>, cxiii, 362)</p> </div> <p>Fu comunque la terza edizione, pubblicata <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1788?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1788">1788</a>–<a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1797?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1797">1797</a> e redatta da Macfarquhar e dopo la sua morte da <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=George_Gleig&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="George Gleig (la pagina non esiste)">George Gleig</a>, che finalmente realizzò la visione enciclopedica. La terza edizione non coprì solo un ambito più ampio, con 18 volumi più due volumi di supplementi, per un totale di oltre 16 000 pagine, ma fu anche la prima a comprendere voci scritte specificamente per la <i>Britannica</i> da esperti e accademici, molti reclutati da Greig. La terza edizione stabilì la base della <i>Britannica</i> come un importante, e in molti casi definitivo, riferimento su molti argomenti per gran parte del secolo successivo.</p> <p>In generale, le voci principali nelle edizioni fino alla decima erano molto più lunghe e più scolastiche delle voci nelle enciclopedie moderne.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nelle edizioni ottocentesche della <i>Britannica</i> erano regolarmente comprese le nuove opere dei suoi autori, o quelle principali.</p> <p>La straordinaria <i><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A9die?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Encyclopédie">Encyclopédie</a></i> <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Francia">francese</a> è da molti considerata l'ispiratrice della pubblicazione della <i>Britannica</i>. Ma diversamente dall'<i>Encyclopédie</i>, la <i>Britannica</i> era una pubblicazione estremamente conservatrice. Le edizioni successive venivano solitamente dedicate al <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monarca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monarca">monarca</a> in quel momento sul trono. Nella dedica al re contenuta nel supplemento alla terza edizione, Gleig scrisse:</p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r143194400"> <div class="itwiki-template-citazione"> <div class="itwiki-template-citazione-singola"> <p>«L'Enciclopedia Francese è stata accusata, e giustamente, di aver disseminato in lungo e in largo i semi dell'anarchia e dell'ateismo. Se l'Encyclopaedia Britannica potrà in qualsiasi modo controbilanciare la tendenza di quest'opera pestifera, anche questi due volumi non saranno completamente indegni dell'attenzione di vostra Maestà.»</p> </div> </div> <p><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Archibald_Constable?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Archibald Constable">Archibald Constable</a> fu coinvolto nella pubblicazione in vario modo dal 1788 e dopo la morte di Macfarquhar nel 1793. Nel 1812 acquistò la <i>Britannica</i> dai suoi soci e la pubblicò fino al 1826. La quarta, la quinta e la sesta edizione, con i relativi supplementi, comprendevano contributi di numerosi autori e scienziati, sia inglesi che scozzesi, di grande prestigio: <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/William_Hazlitt?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="William Hazlitt">William Hazlitt</a>, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/John_Stuart_Mill?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="John Stuart Mill">John Stuart Mill</a>, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thomas_Robert_Malthus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thomas Robert Malthus">Thomas Robert Malthus</a>, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/David_Ricardo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="David Ricardo">David Ricardo</a>, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Walter_Scott?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Walter Scott">Walter Scott</a>, e <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thomas_Young?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thomas Young">Thomas Young</a>, il cui contributo sull'Egitto includeva la traduzione dei <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Geroglifico_egizio?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Geroglifico egizio">geroglifici</a> della <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stele_di_Rosetta?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stele di Rosetta">Stele di Rosetta</a>.</p> <p>Al termine del <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1820?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1820">1820</a>, i diritti per la <i>Britannica</i> vennero acquistati dalla società di <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edimburgo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edimburgo">Edimburgo</a> di <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Adam_Black&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Adam Black (la pagina non esiste)">Adam</a> & Charles Black, che ne pubblicarono la settima e l'ottava edizione, con l'inclusione di nuovi capitoli dedicati all'Architettura di <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=William_Hosking&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="William Hosking (la pagina non esiste)">William Hosking</a>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="1827–1901"><span id="1827.E2.80.931901"></span>1827–1901</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Enciclopedia_Britannica&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la sezione 1827–1901" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifica</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Durante il secondo periodo (settima e ottava edizione, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1827?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1827">1827</a>-<a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1901?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1901">1901</a>), la Britannica fu gestita dalla casa editrice di Edimburgo <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=A_%26_C_Black&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="A & C Black (la pagina non esiste)">A & C Black</a>. Anche se alcuni dei redattori erano stati nuovamente reclutati attraverso conoscenze dei caporedattori, in particolare <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Macvey_Napier&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Macvey Napier (la pagina non esiste)">Macvey Napier</a>, altri furono attratti dalla fama dell'enciclopedia. I collaboratori spesso provenivano da altri paesi e includevano gli studiosi più rispettati al mondo nei loro campi. Un indice generale di tutti gli articoli fu incluso per la prima volta nella settima edizione, una pratica mantenuta fino al <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1974?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1974">1974</a>. Il caporedattore di origine inglese era <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Spencer_Baynes&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Thomas Spencer Baynes (la pagina non esiste)">Thomas Spencer Baynes</a>, che aveva poi curato la produzione della nona edizione, soprannominata la "Scholar Edition".<sup id="cite_ref-ref_A_6-0" class="reference"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ref_A-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dopo il <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1880?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1880">1880</a>, Baynes fu assistito da <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/William_Robertson_Smith?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="William Robertson Smith">William Robertson Smith</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Non erano presenti <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biografia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biografia">biografie</a> di persone viventi.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/James_Clerk_Maxwell?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="James Clerk Maxwell">James Clerk Maxwell</a> e <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thomas_Huxley?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Huxley">Thomas Huxley</a> erano consiglieri speciali nelle materie scientifiche.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tuttavia, entro la fine del <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/XIX_secolo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="XIX secolo">XIX secolo</a>, la nona edizione si rivelò superata e la Britannica incontrò difficoltà finanziarie.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="1901–1973"><span id="1901.E2.80.931973"></span>1901–1973</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Enciclopedia_Britannica&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la sezione 1901–1973" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifica</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:EncycBrit1913.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/EncycBrit1913.jpg/220px-EncycBrit1913.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="433" data-file-height="256"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 130px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/EncycBrit1913.jpg/220px-EncycBrit1913.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="130" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/EncycBrit1913.jpg/330px-EncycBrit1913.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/EncycBrit1913.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1913?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1913">1913</a>, manifesto per l'<a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">undicesima edizione</a>, con lo slogan <i>"When in doubt — 'look it up' in the Encyclopædia Britannica"</i> </figcaption> </figure> <p>Nel terzo periodo (10ª-14ª edizione, 1901-1973), la<i> Britannica</i> cominciò ad essere gestita da uomini d'affari statunitensi che introdussero pratiche come il <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Direct_marketing?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Direct marketing">direct marketing</a> e la <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vendita_porta_a_porta?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Vendita porta a porta">vendita porta a porta</a>. I proprietari statunitensi a poco a poco tesero a semplificare gli articoli, rendendoli meno scientifici e più adatti per un mercato di massa. La 10ª edizione era un supplemento di 9 volumi della nona edizione ma l'<a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">11ª edizione</a> si presentò come un lavoro completamente nuovo, ancora oggi ricordata per la sua eccellenza; il suo proprietario, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Horace_Everett_Hooper&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Horace Everett Hooper (la pagina non esiste)">Horace Hooper</a>, profuse enormi sforzi nella sua cura.<sup id="cite_ref-ref_A_6-1" class="reference"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-ref_A-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Quando Hooper cadde in difficoltà finanziarie, la <i> Britannica</i> fu gestita da <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sears?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sears">Sears Roebuck</a> per 18 anni (<a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1920?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1920">1920</a>-<a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1923?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1923">1923</a>, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1928?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1928">1928</a>-<a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1943?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1943">1943</a>). Nel <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1932?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1932">1932</a>, il vicepresidente di <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sears?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sears">Sears</a>, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Elkan_Harrison_Powell&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Elkan Harrison Powell (la pagina non esiste)">Elkan Harrison Powell</a>, assunse la presidenza e nel 1936 cominciò una politica di continua revisione delle voci diversamente dalla prassi precedente, in cui gli articoli non venivano modificati fino a quando una nuova edizione non veniva pubblicata, con circa 25 anni di intervallo, mentre alcuni articoli restavano invariati rispetto alle edizioni precedenti.<sup id="cite_ref-encyclopaedia_1954_10-0" class="reference"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-encyclopaedia_1954-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nel <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1943?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1943">1943</a>, la proprietà passò a William Benton, che gestì la <i>Britannica</i> fino alla sua morte nel <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1973?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1973">1973</a>. Benton istituì il <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Benton_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Benton Foundation (la pagina non esiste)">Benton Foundation</a>, che gestì poi l'opera fino al <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1996?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1996">1996</a>. Nel <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1968?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1968">1968</a>, la <i>Britannica</i> celebrò <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Bicentenario_dell'Enciclopedia_Britannica&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Bicentenario dell'Enciclopedia Britannica (la pagina non esiste)">il suo bicentenario</a>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="1974–1994"><span id="1974.E2.80.931994"></span>1974–1994</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Enciclopedia_Britannica&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la sezione 1974–1994" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifica</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Nel quarto periodo (<a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1974?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1974">1974</a>-<a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1994?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1994">1994</a>), la <i>Britannica</i> pubblicò la sua 15ª edizione, riorganizzata in tre parti: <i>Micropædia</i>, <i>Macropædia</i> e <i>Propædia</i>. Sotto <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Mortimer_J._Adler&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Mortimer J. Adler (la pagina non esiste)">Mortimer J. Adler</a> (membro del comitato di redazione della <i>Britannica</i> sin dal <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1949?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1949">1949</a>, presidente dal <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1974?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1974">1974</a> e direttore della pianificazione editoriale per la 15ª edizione dal <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1965?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1965">1965</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> l'Enciclopedia Britannica cercò non solo di essere un riferimento e uno strumento educativo, ma cercò di sistematizzare tutte le conoscenze umane. L'assenza di un indice separato e il raggruppamento di articoli in enciclopedie parallele (le micro e macropædia) provocarono però una "tempesta di critiche".<sup id="cite_ref-15th_criticism_12-0" class="reference"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15th_criticism-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In risposta, la 15ª edizione fu completamente riorganizzata e reindicizzata per una nuova edizione pubblicata nel <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1985?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1985">1985</a>. Questa seconda versione della 15ª edizione continuò ad essere pubblicata, con successive revisioni, fino alla versione del <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2010?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2010">2010</a>. Il titolo ufficiale della 15ª edizione è <i>New Encyclopædia Britannica</i> ma è ricordata anche come <i>Britannica 3</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-kister_1994_13-0" class="reference"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-kister_1994-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Dal_1994_in_poi">Dal 1994 in poi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Enciclopedia_Britannica&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la sezione Dal 1994 in poi" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifica</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Nel quinto periodo, successivo al <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1994?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1994">1994</a>, furono sviluppate le versioni digitali e l'intera enciclopedia fu immessa su supporti ottici e poi su Internet. Nel 1996, la <i>Britannica</i> fu acquistata da <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Jacqui_Safra&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Jacqui Safra (la pagina non esiste)">Jacqui Safra</a> ben al di sotto del suo valore stimato, a causa delle difficoltà finanziarie della società. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. si divise nel <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1999?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1999">1999</a>. Una parte ha mantenuto il nome della società e ha sviluppato la versione cartacea, e l'altra, Britannica.com Inc., ha sviluppato le versioni digitali. Dal <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2001?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2001">2001</a> le due società hanno in comune un amministratore delegato, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ilan_Yeshua&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ilan Yeshua (la pagina non esiste)">Ilan Yeshua</a>, che ha continuato la strategia di Powell introducendo nuovi prodotti culturali ed educativi con il nome <i>Britannica</i>. Nel marzo del <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2012?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2012">2012</a> il presidente di <i>Britannica</i>, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jorge_Cauz?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jorge Cauz">Jorge Cauz</a>, ha annunciato che non sarebbero state prodotte altre versioni cartacee dell'enciclopedia e che l'edizione del 2010 sarebbe stata l'ultima in forma cartacea. La società si focalizzerà solo sull'edizione online e su altri strumenti didattici.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn-stop_14-0" class="reference"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-cnn-stop-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>L'ultima versione cartacea (la quindicesima, 1985-2010) era di 32 volumi.</p> <p>Alcune ricerche scientifiche hanno confrontato questa con <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> e diverse polemiche sono sorte nel tempo sulla presunta equivalenza in termini qualitativi tra le due enciclopedie.<sup id="cite_ref-Giles-2005_15-0" class="reference"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Giles-2005-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Enciclopedia_Britannica&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifica</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Le versioni su CD e DVD-ROM non sono disponibili per tutti i <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sistema_operativo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sistema operativo">sistemi operativi</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.repubblica.it/tecnologia/2012/03/14/news/enciclopedia_britannica_web-31494091/?ref%3DHREC2-10"><span style="font-style:italic;">Enciclopedia Britannica solo sul web, dopo 244 anni lo stop alle rotative</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">la Repubblica</span>, 14 marzo 2012. <small>URL consultato il 5 novembre 2016</small>.</cite></span></li> <li id="cite_note-EB_encyclopedia-3"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-EB_encyclopedia_3-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <span style="font-style:italic;">Encyclopedias and Dictionaries</span>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Encyclopædia Britannica</span>, vol. 18, 15ª ed., Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2007, pp. 257–286.</cite></span></li> <li id="cite_note-propedia_preface-4"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-propedia_preface_4-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <span style="font-style:italic;">The New Encyclopædia Britannica</span>, 15th edition, <i><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Prop%C3%A6dia&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Propædia (la pagina non esiste)">Propædia</a></i>, 2007, pp. 5–8.</cite></span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Si veda per esempio la versione online su ELIOHS dell'articolo Storia dalla terza edizione (nella sezione <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</a> sotto).</span></li> <li id="cite_note-ref_A-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b>^</b> <sup><i><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ref_A_6-0">a</a></i></sup> <sup><i><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-ref_A_6-1">b</a></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Herman Kogan, <span style="font-style:italic;">The Great EB: The Story of the Encyclopædia Britannica</span>, Chicago, The <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a>, 1958, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://lccn.loc.gov/58008379">58008379</a>.</cite></span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Cousin, John William (1910). <i>A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature</i>. London: J. M. Dent & Sons.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">"<i>Editor's Advertisement</i>". <i>Encyclopaedia Britannica</i>. 1 (9th ed.). 1878.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">"<i>Prefatory Notice</i>". <i>Encyclopaedia Britannica</i> (9th ed.). 1875–1889.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-encyclopaedia_1954-10"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-encyclopaedia_1954_10-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <span style="font-style:italic;">Encyclopaedia</span>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Encyclopædia Britannica</span>, 14ª ed., 1954.</cite></span></li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-11"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Mortimer J. Adler, <i>A Guidebook to Learning: for the lifelong pursuit of wisdom</i>. MacMillan Publishing Company, New York, 1986. p.88</span></li> <li id="cite_note-15th_criticism-12"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-15th_criticism_12-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> John F. Baker, <span style="font-style:italic;">A New Britannica Is Born</span>, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Publishers_Weekly?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Publishers Weekly">Publishers Weekly</a>, 14 gennaio 1974, pp. 64–65.</cite><br> * <cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> Geoffrey Wolff, <span style="font-style:italic;">Britannica 3, History of</span>, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Atlantic_Monthly?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="The Atlantic Monthly">The Atlantic</a>, giugno 1974, pp. 37–47.</cite><br> * <cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> Dorothy Ethlyn Cole, <span style="font-style:italic;">Britannica 3 as a Reference Tool: A Review</span>, Wilson Library Bulletin, giugno 1974, pp. 821–825.<br> <div class="cite-q"> «<i>Britannica 3</i> is difficult to use ... the division of content between <i>Micropædia</i> and <i>Macropædia</i> makes it necessary to consult another volume in the majority of cases; indeed, it was our experience that even simple searches might involve eight or nine volumes.» </div></cite><br> * <cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> Robert Gorham Davi s, <span style="font-style:italic;">Subject: The Universe</span>, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Book_Review?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="The New York Times Book Review">The New York Times Book Review</a>, 1º dicembre 1974, pp. 98–100.</cite><br> * <cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> Robert G. Hazo, <span style="font-style:italic;">The Guest Word</span>, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Book_Review?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="The New York Times Book Review">The New York Times Book Review</a>, 9 marzo 1975, p. 31.</cite><br> * <cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> Samuel McCracken, <span style="font-style:italic;">The Scandal of 'Britannica 3'<span></span></span>, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Commentary?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Commentary">Commentary</a>, febbraio 1976, pp. 63–68.<br> <div class="cite-q"> «This arrangement has nothing to recommend it except commercial novelty.» </div></cite><br> * <cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> Dennis V. Waite, <span style="font-style:italic;">Encyclopædia Britannica: EB 3, Two Years Later</span>, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Publishers_Weekly?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Publishers Weekly">Publishers Weekly</a>, 21 giugno 1976, pp. 44–45.</cite><br> * <cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> Geoffrey Wolff, <span style="font-style:italic;">Britannica 3, Failures of</span>, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Atlantic_Monthly?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="The Atlantic Monthly">The Atlantic</a>, novembre 1976, pp. 107–110.<br> <div class="cite-q"> «It is called the <i>Micropædia</i>, for 'little knowledge', and little knowledge is what it provides. It has proved to be grotesquely inadequate as an index, radically constricting the utility of the <i>Macropædia</i>.» </div></cite></span></li> <li id="cite_note-kister_1994-13"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-kister_1994_13-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Kenneth_Kister&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Kenneth Kister (la pagina non esiste)">KF Kister</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/kistersbestencyc00kist"><span style="font-style:italic;">Kister's Best Encyclopedias: A Comparative Guide to General and Specialized Encyclopedias</span></a>, 2nd, Phoenix, Arizona, Oryx Press, 1994, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-89774-744-5?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/0-89774-744-5">0-89774-744-5</a>.</cite></span></li> <li id="cite_note-cnn-stop-14"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-cnn-stop_14-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> Julianne Pepitone, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://money.cnn.com/2012/03/13/technology/encyclopedia-britannica-books/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Encyclopedia Britannica to stop printing books</span></a>, CNN, 13 marzo 2012. <small>URL consultato il 14 marzo 2012</small>.</cite></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Giles-2005-15"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-Giles-2005_15-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> J. Giles, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oadoi.org/10.1038/438900a"><span style="font-style:italic;">Internet encyclopaedias go head to head.</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nature?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nature">Nature</a></span>, vol. 438, n. 7070, dicembre 2005, pp. 900-901, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Digital_object_identifier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%252F438900a">10.1038/438900a</a>, <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/PMID?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16355180">16355180</a>.</cite></span></li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Enciclopedia_Britannica&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifica</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <ul> <li>Herman Kogan, <i>The Great EB: The Story of the Encyclopedia Britannica</i> (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1958)</li> <li>H. Einbinder, <i>The Myth of the Britannica</i> (New York: Grove Press, 1964)</li> <li>A.J. Jacobs, <i>The Know-It-All: One Man's Humble Quest to Become the Smartest Person in the World</i> (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2004)</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Enciclopedia_Britannica&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifica</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <ul> <li><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Undicesima edizione dell'Encyclopædia Britannica</a></li> <li><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_%C3%81lvarez?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Enciclopedia Álvarez">Enciclopedia Álvarez</a></li> <li><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Brockhaus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Enciclopedia Brockhaus">Enciclopedia Brockhaus</a></li> <li><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_cattolica?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Enciclopedia cattolica">Enciclopedia cattolica</a></li> <li><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_Treccani?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Enciclopedia Treccani">Enciclopedia Treccani</a></li> <li><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enciclopedia_universal_ilustrada_europeo-americana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Enciclopedia universal ilustrada europeo-americana">Enciclopedia universal ilustrada europeo-americana</a></li> <li><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Meyers_Konversations-Lexikon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Meyers Konversations-Lexikon">Meyers Konversations-Lexikon</a></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Enciclopedia_Britannica&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifica</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"> <p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p> <ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Encyclopædia Britannica">Wikisource</a></li> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" class="extiw" title="q:Enciclopedia Britannica">Wikiquote</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Encyclopædia Britannica"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica?uselang%3Dit">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="wikispecies:The Encyclopaedia Britannica"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/The_Encyclopaedia_Britannica?uselang%3Dit">Wikispecies</a></span></li> </ul> </div> <ul> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikisource"> <noscript> <img alt="Collabora a Wikisource" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="19" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 19px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" data-alt="Collabora a Wikisource" data-width="18" data-height="19" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/27px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/36px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikisource:">Wikisource</a> contiene una pagina dedicata a <b><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Encyclopædia Britannica"><span style="font-style:italic;">Enciclopedia Britannica</span></a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikiquote"> <noscript> <img alt="Collabora a Wikiquote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/18px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="21" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 21px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/18px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" data-alt="Collabora a Wikiquote" data-width="18" data-height="21" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/36px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="q:">Wikiquote</a> contiene citazioni di o su <b><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" class="extiw" title="q:Enciclopedia Britannica"><span style="font-style:italic;">Enciclopedia Britannica</span></a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang%3Dit" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"> <noscript> <img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 24px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" data-width="18" data-height="24" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang%3Dit">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica?uselang%3Dit"><span style="font-style:italic;">Enciclopedia Britannica</span></a></span></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang%3Dit" title="Collabora a Wikispecies"> <noscript> <img alt="Collabora a Wikispecies" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/WikiSpecies_notext.svg/18px-WikiSpecies_notext.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="22" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="129"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 18px;height: 22px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/WikiSpecies_notext.svg/18px-WikiSpecies_notext.svg.png" data-alt="Collabora a Wikispecies" data-width="18" data-height="22" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/WikiSpecies_notext.svg/27px-WikiSpecies_notext.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/WikiSpecies_notext.svg/36px-WikiSpecies_notext.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang%3Dit">Wikispecies</a></span> contiene informazioni su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/The_Encyclopaedia_Britannica?uselang%3Dit"><span style="font-style:italic;">Enciclopedia Britannica</span></a></span></b></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Enciclopedia_Britannica&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifica</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <ul> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.britannica.com"><span style="font-style:italic;">Sito ufficiale</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">britannica.com</span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q455%23P856" title="Modifica su Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Modifica su Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.eb.com/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Sito ufficiale</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">eb.com</span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q455%23P856" title="Modifica su Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Modifica su Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com_topic/Encyclopaedia-Britannica-print-encyclopaedia" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Encyclopaedia-Britannica-print-encyclopaedia"><span style="font-style:italic;">Encyclopædia Britannica</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q455%23P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Modifica su Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com_topic/Encyclopaedia-Britannica-English-language-reference-work" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Michael Levy, Donald E. Stewart e Christopher Hardy Wise Kent, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Encyclopaedia-Britannica-English-language-reference-work"><span style="font-style:italic;">Encyclopædia Britannica</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q455%23P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Modifica su Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com_topic/Britannica-CD" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Britannica-CD"><span style="font-style:italic;">Britannica CD</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q455%23P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" data-alt="Modifica su Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></li> </ul> <p><b>Storia dell'enciclopedia:</b></p> <ul> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070516205919/http://heritage.scotsman.com/ingenuity.cfm?id%3D634942005%2620050610140559"><span style="font-style:italic;">The history of the encylopaedia on <i>The Scotsman's</i> Heritage and Culture pages</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">heritage.scotsman.com</span>. <small>URL consultato l'8 marzo 2006</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://heritage.scotsman.com/ingenuity.cfm?id=634942005&20050610140559">url originale</abbr> il 16 maggio 2007)</small>.</cite></li> </ul> <dl> <dt> Prime edizioni </dt> <dd></dd> </dl> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024031224/http://www.eliohs.unifi.it/testi/700/history3/">The article History</a> from the third edition.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/">Scanned version of <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i> 1911</a>, including the article <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20060709120734/http://encyclopedia.jrank.org/EMS_EUD/ENCYCLOPAEDIA.html">Encyclopaedia</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.gutenberg.org/etext/13600">Slice of the 1911</a> Encyclopædia Britannica, as <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Public_domain?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Public domain">public domain</a> text on <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Project_Gutenberg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080917002440/http://www.mdx.ac.uk/WWW/STUDY/xmilgov.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">James Mill's essay on government, 1820</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">mdx.ac.uk</span>. <small>URL consultato l'8 marzo 2006</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.mdx.ac.uk/www/study/xmilgov.htm">url originale</abbr> il 17 settembre 2008)</small>.</cite></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.infidels.org/library/historical/joseph_mccabe/lies_of_britannica.html">The Lies And Fallacies Of The Encyclopædia Britannica. How Powerful And Shameless Clerical Forces Castrated A Famous Work Of Reference</a> by <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Joseph_McCabe?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Joseph McCabe">Joseph McCabe</a>, c. 1947. Tract that claims to show systematic religious bias in the <i>Britannica</i> of the time.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20060618205317/http://www.britannica.com/original?content_id%3D1395">Vintage Britannica</a> or "Evolving Knowledge" — excerpts on a single topic selected from various Britannica editions since 1768</li> <li><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.10161/page/n398/mode/1up"><span style="font-style:italic;">The Encyclopaedia Britannica</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internet_Archive?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></span>, voll. 32 <small>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.is/wip/CYa0v">archiviato</a> il 23 luglio 2020)</small>.</cite></li> </ul> <dl> <dt> Edizioni moderne </dt> <dd></dd> </dl> <ul> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.britannica.com/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Official website for the current version of <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span></span></span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">britannica.com</span>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20080506075724/http://members.cox.net/kevin82/eberrors.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">One reader's catalogue of errors in the Encyclopædia Britannica</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">members.cox.net</span>. <small>URL consultato il 22 luglio 2007</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://members.cox.net/kevin82/eberrors.htm">url originale</abbr> il 6 maggio 2008)</small>.</cite></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20060411181702/http://ifets.ieee.org/periodical/vol_1_2002/alevizou.html">To wire or not to wire? Encyclopædia Britannica vs. Microsoft Encarta</a> A comparison of the two encyclopedias, by Panagiota Alevizou, published by the <i><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Educational_Technology_%26_Society&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Educational Technology & Society (la pagina non esiste)">Educational Technology & Society</a></i> journal</li> </ul> <dl> <dt> Storia commerciale </dt> <dd></dd> </dl> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.businessweek.com/1997/42/b3549124.htm">"Dusting off the Britannica"</a> article from <i>Business Week</i> (1997)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20060527031047/http://www.salon.com/media/media960510.html">"Death of a salesforce"</a> from Salon (1996)</li> </ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style> <table class="CdA"> <tbody> <tr> <th><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th> <td><a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://viaf.org/viaf/182582870">182582870</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/nr89013909">nr89013909</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://d-nb.info/gnd/4284672-9">4284672-9</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Francia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia">BNF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12294436q">cb12294436q</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12294436q">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Israele?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Israele">J9U</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="ebraico">HE</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007260861905171">987007260861905171</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="https://it-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Biblioteca_della_Dieta_nazionale_del_Giappone?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Biblioteca della Dieta nazionale del Giappone">NDL</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>, <abbr title="giapponese">JA</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00627915">00627915</a></span></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <div class="noprint" style="width:100%; padding: 3px 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; row-gap: 4px; column-gap: 8px; box-sizing: border-box;"> <div style="flex-basis: calc( 100% / 2 - 8px / 2 );"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140555418">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{width:100%;line-height:25px;border:1px solid #CCF;background-color:#F0EEFF;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#FAFAFA}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello{background-color:#202122;border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-occhiello-progetto{background-color:#282929}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output 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data-timestamp="1738595588"> <span>Ultima modifica il 3 feb 2025 alle 16:13</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Lingue</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - tedesco svizzero" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="tedesco svizzero" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D9%2588%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A9_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25A8%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D8%25B7%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9" title="الموسوعة البريطانية - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الموسوعة البريطانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D9%2588%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A9_%25D9%2584%25D8%25A8%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D8%25B7%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9" title="لموسوعة لبريطانية - arabo marocchino" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لموسوعة لبريطانية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabo marocchino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D8%25B3%25D9%258A%25D9%2583%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D8%25A8%25D9%258A%25D8%25AF%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7_%25D8%25A8%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D8%25AA%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D9%258A%25D9%2583%25D8%25A7" title="انسيكلوبيديا بريتانيكا - arabo egiziano" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="انسيكلوبيديا بريتانيكا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabo egiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britannika_Ensiklopediyas%25C4%25B1" title="Britannika Ensiklopediyası - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Britannika Ensiklopediyası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD_%25D1%258D%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F%25D2%25BB%25D1%258B" title="Британ энциклопедияһы - baschiro" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Британ энциклопедияһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baschiro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25AD%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D1%258B%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D1%258B%25D1%258F_%25D0%2591%25D1%2580%25D1%258B%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%2596%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0" title="Энцыклапедыя Брытаніка - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Энцыклапедыя Брытаніка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2595%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F_%25D0%2591%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0" title="Енциклопедия Британика - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Енциклопедия Британика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%258F%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%2587%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A5%2580%25E0%25A4%25A1%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25BE_%25E0%25A4%25AC%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A5%2588%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="एन्साइक्लोपीडिया ब्रिटैनिका - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="एन्साइक्लोपीडिया ब्रिटैनिका" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%258F%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%2587%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A7%258B%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25A1%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25BC%25E0%25A6%25BE_%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%259F%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%25BE" title="এনসাইক্লোপিডিয়া ব্রিটানিকা - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="এনসাইক্লোপিডিয়া ব্রিটানিকা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%258F%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%2587%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A7%258B%25E0%25A6%25AA%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25A1%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25BC%25E0%25A6%25BE_%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%259F%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%25BE" title="এনসাইক্লোপিডিয়া ব্রিটানিকা - bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="এনসাইক্লোপিডিয়া ব্রিটানিকা" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - bretone" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D9%2586%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25DB%2595%25DB%258C_%25D8%25A8%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D8%25AA%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DB%258C%25DA%25A9%25D8%25A7" title="زانیارینامەی بریتانیکا - curdo centrale" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زانیارینامەی بریتانیکا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo centrale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2584%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BA%25D1%25B7%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D1%2594%25D0%25B4%25D1%2597%25EA%2599%2597_%25D0%2591%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0" title="Єнкѷклопєдїꙗ Британника - slavo ecclesiastico" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Єнкѷклопєдїꙗ Британника" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="slavo ecclesiastico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enciclopedia_Brit%25C3%25A1nica" title="Enciclopedia Británica - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Enciclopedia Británica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D8%25B4%25D9%2586%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25D9%2587_%25D8%25A8%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D8%25AA%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DB%258C%25DA%25A9%25D8%25A7" title="دانشنامه بریتانیکا - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دانشنامه بریتانیکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - mannese" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mannese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%2590%25D7%25A0%25D7%25A6%25D7%2599%25D7%25A7%25D7%259C%25D7%2595%25D7%25A4%25D7%2593%25D7%2599%25D7%2594_%25D7%2591%25D7%25A8%25D7%2599%25D7%2598%25D7%25A0%25D7%2599%25D7%25A7%25D7%2594" title="אנציקלופדיה בריטניקה - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אנציקלופדיה בריטניקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AC%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A5%2588%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25BE_%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25B6%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25B7" title="ब्रिटैनिका विश्वकोष - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ब्रिटैनिका विश्वकोष" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25B2%25D6%2580%25D5%25AB%25D5%25BF%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B6%25D5%25AB%25D5%25AF%25D5%25A1_%25D5%25B0%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B6%25D6%2580%25D5%25A1%25D5%25A3%25D5%25AB%25D5%25BF%25D5%25A1%25D6%2580%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B6" title="Բրիտանիկա հանրագիտարան - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բրիտանիկա հանրագիտարան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2583%2596%25E3%2583%25AA%25E3%2582%25BF%25E3%2583%258B%25E3%2582%25AB%25E7%2599%25BE%25E7%25A7%2591%25E4%25BA%258B%25E5%2585%25B8" title="ブリタニカ百科事典 - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブリタニカ百科事典" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%25AA%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2599%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%259E%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2593%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2590_%25E1%2583%2591%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25A2%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2599%25E1%2583%2590" title="ენციკლოპედია ბრიტანიკა - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ენციკლოპედია ბრიტანიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0_%25D1%258D%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F%25D1%2581%25D1%258B" title="Британника энциклопедиясы - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Британника энциклопедиясы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B2%25AC%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25B0%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%259F%25E0%25B2%25BE%25E0%25B2%25A8%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%2595%25E0%25B2%25BE_%25E0%25B2%25B5%25E0%25B2%25BF%25E0%25B2%25B6%25E0%25B3%258D%25E0%25B2%25B5%25E0%25B2%2595%25E0%25B3%258B%25E0%25B2%25B6" title="ಬ್ರಿಟಾನಿಕಾ ವಿಶ್ವಕೋಶ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬ್ರಿಟಾನಿಕಾ ವಿಶ್ವಕೋಶ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EB%25B8%258C%25EB%25A6%25AC%25ED%2583%259C%25EB%258B%2588%25EC%25BB%25A4_%25EB%25B0%25B1%25EA%25B3%25BC%25EC%2582%25AC%25EC%25A0%2584" title="브리태니커 백과사전 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="브리태니커 백과사전" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2590%25D9%2586%25D8%25B3%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25DA%25A9%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D9%25BE%25DB%258C%25D9%2596%25DA%2588%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7_%25D8%25A8%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D9%25B9%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DB%258C%25DA%25A9%25D8%25A7" title="اِنسایکلوپیٖڈیا بریٹانیکا - kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="اِنسایکلوپیٖڈیا بریٹانیکا" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - curdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD_%25D1%258D%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F%25D1%2581%25D1%258B" title="Британ энциклопедиясы - kirghiso" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Британ энциклопедиясы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghiso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclopaedia_Britannica" title="Encyclopaedia Britannica - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Encyclopaedia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - malgascio" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2595%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D1%2598%25D0%25B0_%25D0%2591%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0" title="Енциклопедија Британика - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Енциклопедија Британика" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%258E%25E0%25B5%25BB%25E0%25B4%25B8%25E0%25B5%2588%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B2%25E0%25B5%258B%25E0%25B4%25AA%25E0%25B5%2580%25E0%25B4%25A1%25E0%25B4%25BF%25E0%25B4%25AF_%25E0%25B4%25AC%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B0%25E0%25B4%25BF%25E0%25B4%259F%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%259F%25E0%25B4%25BE%25E0%25B4%25A8%25E0%25B4%25BF%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%2595" title="എൻസൈക്ലോപീഡിയ ബ്രിട്ടാനിക്ക - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="എൻസൈക്ലോപീഡിയ ബ്രിട്ടാനിക്ക" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25BD%25D1%258D%25D0%25B2%25D1%2582%25D1%258D%25D1%2580%25D1%2585%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9_%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D1%258C" title="Британника нэвтэрхий толь - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Британника нэвтэрхий толь" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%258F%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A5%2580%25E0%25A4%25A1%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25BE_%25E0%25A4%25AC%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="एनसायक्लोपीडिया ब्रिटानिका - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="एनसायक्लोपीडिया ब्रिटानिका" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ensiklopedia_Britannica" title="Ensiklopedia Britannica - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ensiklopedia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A8%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D8%25AA%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DB%258C%25DA%25A9%25D8%25A7" title="بریتانیکا - mazandarani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="بریتانیکا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2587%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%2587%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25A1%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25AF%25E0%25A4%25BE_%25E0%25A4%25AC%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%259F%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="इन्साइक्लोपिडिया ब्रिटानिका - nepalese" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इन्साइक्लोपिडिया ब्रिटानिका" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%2587%25E0%25A8%25A8%25E0%25A8%25B8%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%2588%25E0%25A8%2595%25E0%25A8%25B2%25E0%25A9%258B%25E0%25A8%25AA%25E0%25A9%2580%25E0%25A8%25A1%25E0%25A9%2580%25E0%25A8%2586_%25E0%25A8%25AC%25E0%25A9%258D%25E0%25A8%25B0%25E0%25A8%25BF%25E0%25A8%259F%25E0%25A9%2588%25E0%25A8%25A8%25E0%25A8%25BF%25E0%25A8%2595%25E0%25A8%25BE" title="ਇਨਸਾਈਕਲੋਪੀਡੀਆ ਬ੍ਰਿਟੈਨਿਕਾ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਨਸਾਈਕਲੋਪੀਡੀਆ ਬ੍ਰਿਟੈਨਿਕਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyklopedia_Britannica" title="Encyklopedia Britannica - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Encyklopedia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A8%25D8%25B1%25DB%2590%25D8%25AA%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D9%258A%25DA%25A9%25D8%25A7_%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A6%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A9_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25D9%2581" title="برېتانيکا دائرة المعارف - pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="برېتانيکا دائرة المعارف" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F_%25D1%258D%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F" title="Британская энциклопедия - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Британская энциклопедия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entziclopedia_Britannica" title="Entziclopedia Britannica - sardo" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Entziclopedia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - scozzese" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D8%25B3%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A6%25D9%258A%25DA%25AA%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D9%25BE%25D9%258A%25DA%258A%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7_%25D8%25A8%25D8%25B1%25D9%25BD%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D9%258A%25DA%25AA%25D8%25A7" title="انسائيڪلوپيڊيا برٽانيڪا - sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="انسائيڪلوپيڊيا برٽانيڪا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B6%2591%25E0%25B6%25B1%25E0%25B7%258A%25E0%25B7%2583%25E0%25B6%25BA%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B6%259A%25E0%25B7%258A%25E0%25B6%25BD%25E0%25B7%259C%25E0%25B6%25B4%25E0%25B7%2593%25E0%25B6%25A9%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B6%25BA%25E0%25B7%258F_%25E0%25B6%25B6%25E0%25B7%258A%25E2%2580%258D%25E0%25B6%25BB%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B6%25A7%25E0%25B7%2590%25E0%25B6%25B1%25E0%25B7%2592%25E0%25B6%259A%25E0%25B7%258F" title="එන්සයික්ලොපීඩියා බ්‍රිටැනිකා - singalese" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="එන්සයික්ලොපීඩියා බ්‍රිටැනිකා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enciklopedija_Britannica" title="Enciklopedija Britannica - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Enciklopedija Britannica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2595%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D1%2598%25D0%25B0_%25D0%2591%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0" title="Енциклопедија Британика - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Енциклопедија Британика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25C3%2589nsiklop%25C3%25A9di_Britannica" title="Énsiklopédi Britannica - sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Énsiklopédi Britannica" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclopedia_Britannica" title="Encyclopedia Britannica - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Encyclopedia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%25AA%25E0%25AE%25BF%25E0%25AE%25B0%25E0%25AE%25BF%25E0%25AE%25A4%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%25A4%25E0%25AE%25BE%25E0%25AE%25A9%25E0%25AE%25BF%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AE%25BE_%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AE%25B2%25E0%25AF%2588%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%2595%25E0%25AE%25B3%25E0%25AE%259E%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%259A%25E0%25AE%25BF%25E0%25AE%25AF%25E0%25AE%25AE%25E0%25AF%258D" title="பிரித்தானிக்கா கலைக்களஞ்சியம் - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பிரித்தானிக்கா கலைக்களஞ்சியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%25AC%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25B0%25E0%25B0%25BF%25E0%25B0%259F%25E0%25B0%25BE%25E0%25B0%25A8%25E0%25B0%25BF%25E0%25B0%2595%25E0%25B0%25BE_%25E0%25B0%25B5%25E0%25B0%25BF%25E0%25B0%259C%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%259E%25E0%25B0%25BE%25E0%25B0%25A8_%25E0%25B0%25B8%25E0%25B0%25B0%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25B5%25E0%25B0%25B8%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25B5%25E0%25B0%2582" title="బ్రిటానికా విజ్ఞాన సర్వస్వం - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="బ్రిటానికా విజ్ఞాన సర్వస్వం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2594%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D1%2588%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B8_%25D0%2591%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE" title="Донишномаи Бритоннико - tagico" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Донишномаи Бритоннико" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tagico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%25B8%25E0%25B8%2581%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25A1%25E0%25B8%259A%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B9%2581%25E0%25B8%2597%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%2581%25E0%25B8%25B2" title="สารานุกรมบริแทนนิกา - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สารานุกรมบริแทนนิกา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - taliscio" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="taliscio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D1%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%2596%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0" title="Британіка - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Британіка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A6%25D8%25B1%25DB%2583_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25D9%2581_%25D8%25A8%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D9%25B9%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DB%258C%25DA%25A9%25D8%25A7" title="دائرۃ المعارف بریٹانیکا - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="دائرۃ المعارف بریٹانیکا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voce in vetrina"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - veneto" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="veneto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimbulang_bu_waa-Br%25C3%25ABtaa%25C3%25B1" title="Jimbulang bu waa-Brëtaañ - wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Jimbulang bu waa-Brëtaañ" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E4%25B8%258D%25E5%2588%2597%25E9%25A2%25A0%25E7%2599%25BE%25E7%25A7%2591%25E5%2585%25A8%25E4%25B9%25A6" title="不列颠百科全书 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="不列颠百科全书" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%25AA%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2599%25E1%2583%259A%25E1%2583%259D%25E1%2583%259E%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2593%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2590_%25E1%2583%2591%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%25A2%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2598%25E1%2583%2599%25E1%2583%2590" title="ენციკლოპედია ბრიტანიკა - mengrelio" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ენციკლოპედია ბრიტანიკა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mengrelio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E8%258B%25B1%25E7%2599%25BE%25E7%25A7%2591%25E5%2585%25A8%25E4%25B9%25A6" title="大英百科全书 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="大英百科全书" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E8%258B%25B1%25E7%2599%25BE%25E7%25A7%2591" title="大英百科 - cinese classico" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="大英百科" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="cinese classico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Encyclopædia Britannica" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E4%25B8%258D%25E5%2588%2597%25E9%25A1%259B%25E7%2599%25BE%25E7%25A7%2591%25E5%2585%25A8%25E6%259B%25B8" title="不列顛百科全書 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="不列顛百科全書" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> 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