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There is usually an experienced dancer leading the circle. The dancers hold hands throughout the dance: arms down during the ''curts'' and raised to shoulder height during the ''llargs''. * The ''introit'' is a few introductory notes played freely by the flabiolist, typically ending with an upward scale and a tap of the ''tamborí'', signalling the other players and dancers to begin the ''curts''. * The first ''tirada'' played by the band, called the ''tirada de curts'' ("short steps"), is of length between 20 and 50 measures and has a two-measure pattern. The tempo is typically about {{music|crotchet}} =112 to 120, in {{music|time|2|4}} and/or {{music|time|6|8}} rhythm. It is danced with the arms down: (point-step-step-cross) to the right followed by (point-step-step-cross) to the left. The ''curts'' is usually repeated the first time it is played. * The ''tirada de llargs'' ("long steps") is of 50 to 100 measures and has a four-measure pattern. It is danced with the arms up to shoulder level, and is more lively than the ''curts''. However the tempo is typically slower than the ''curts'', about {{music|crotchet}} =100 to 108, with long lyrical tunes accompanied by variants of a [[dactyl (poetry)|dactyl]] rhythm. The ''llargs'' is usually repeated the first time it is played. * The ''contrapunt'' is played by the flabiolist, and is a two-measure break signalling the last repeat of the ''llargs''. *The ''cop final'' ("final beat") concludes the dance with a unified movement from all the dancers, still holding hands. * A modern sardana dance has the following typical pattern, which shows all the repeats of the ''curts'' and ''llargs'': # ''introit'' # 1st ''tirada'': ''curts'' # 2nd ''tirada'': ''curts'' # 3rd ''tirada'': ''llargs'' # 4th ''tirada'': ''llargs'' # 5th ''tirada'': ''curts'' # 6th ''tirada'': ''llargs'' # ''contrapunt'' # 7th ''tirada'': ''llargs'' # ''cop final'' The number of measures in the ''curts'' and ''llargs'', called the ''tiratge'' or "run", is important to the players, and may be indicated before the start of the dance (e.g. a "run" shown as 25x79 indicates 25 measures of ''curts'' and 79 measures of ''llargs'') in order to terminate the ''tirada'' correctly with the correct foot, though a method commonly used is to count the measures in the first ''tirada'' and not dance until the second has begun. A dancer is called a ''sardanista'' (plural: ''sardanistes''). As a relatively slow, non-performance dance, the sardana does not require special fitness. The dance circle can be opened to a highly variable number of dancers. When danced in the streets and town squares, small circles of dancers can be seen to form and grow: these are open circles called ''rotllanes obertes'', and passers-by can join, leaving their bags in the center of the circle. When a dance circle is too big it may split into smaller circles. The dancers are alternate men and women – with the man's partner on his right – and care must be taken by those joining not to split partners. Another kind of circle may be formed by members of organised sardana clubs called ''colles'', and each ''colla'' may wear its own costume. [[File:Espardenyes vetes.jpg|thumbnail|Espardenya: traditional shoes used to dance sardanes]] In order to dance sardanes comfortably the footwear must be flexible enough to allow the dancer to jump slightly when the ''llargs'' come. Traditionally ''sardanistes'' wear special dancing shoes called ''espardenyes'' made of esparto grass fabric and with two long fabric strips to tie them up around the ankle. Nowadays most people have replaced these with regular trainers. Many sardanes have sung versions, but mostly instrumental versions are used for dancing. Recordings of sardanes or sardanes played in concert usually contain the ''introit'', two ''curts'' and two ''llargs''. Sardanes may be recorded for dancing, having all the ''entrades'' in order. 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