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<span>Referências</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referências-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ligações_externas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ligações_externas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Ligações externas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ligações_externas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Helene Schjerfbeck</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 39 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A8%D9%83" title="هيليني شييرفبك — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هيليني شييرفبك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%89_%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A8%D9%83" title="هيلينى شييرفبك — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هيلينى شييرفبك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A8%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Хелена Шэрфбек — bielorrusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хелена Шэрфбек" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Хелена Шерфбек — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хелена Шерфбек" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeckov%C3%A1" title="Helene Schjerfbecková — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Helene Schjerfbecková" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — galês" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — dinamarquês" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarquês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — estónio" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%84%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A8%DA%A9" title="هلنه شارفبک — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هلنه شارفبک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — finlandês" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — frísico ocidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frísico ocidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — galego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A1_%D5%87%D5%A5%D6%80%D6%86%D5%A2%D5%A5%D5%AF" title="Հելենա Շերֆբեկ — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հելենա Շերֆբեկ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%98%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%95%E3%83%99%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF" title="ヘレン・シャルフベック — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヘレン・シャルフベック" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — norueguês nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norueguês nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA,_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Шерфбек, Хелена — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шерфбек, Хелена" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — sami do norte" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="sami do norte" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helene_Schjerfbeck" title="Helene Schjerfbeck — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Helene Schjerfbeck" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Гелена Шерфбек — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гелена Шерфбек" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E4%BC%A6%C2%B7%E8%B0%A2%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%AB%E8%B4%9D%E5%85%8B" title="海伦·谢尔夫贝克 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="海伦·谢尔夫贝克" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q236985#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar hiperligações interlínguas" 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livre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pt" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox infobox_v2" cellpadding="3" border="0" style="width: 270px; font-size: 88%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; font-size:larger; background-color:transparent; border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;"><span class="">Helene Schjerfbeck</span> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div style="padding-bottom: 5px;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Schjerfbeck.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Helene Schjerfbeck"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Schjerfbeck.jpg/270px-Schjerfbeck.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="383" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Schjerfbeck.jpg/405px-Schjerfbeck.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Schjerfbeck.jpg/540px-Schjerfbeck.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3400" /></a><figcaption>Helene Schjerfbeck</figcaption></figure></div>Por volta de 1890 </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Nome completo </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;">Helena Sofia Schjerfbeck </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Nascimento </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/10_de_julho#Nascimentos" title="10 de julho">10 de julho</a> de <a href="/wiki/1862" title="1862">1862</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Helsinki" class="mw-redirect" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imp%C3%A9rio_Russo" title="Império Russo">Império Russo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Morte </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/23_de_janeiro" title="23 de janeiro">23 de janeiro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a> (83 anos)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Saltsj%C3%B6baden" title="Saltsjöbaden">Saltsjöbaden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Su%C3%A9cia" title="Suécia">Suécia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Nacionalidade </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Finlandeses" title="Finlandeses">finlandesa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Área </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Pintura" title="Pintura">Pintura</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-weight:bold;">Movimento(s) </td> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Naturalismo" title="Naturalismo">Naturalismo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Realismo" title="Realismo">Realismo</a> e <a href="/wiki/Expressionismo" title="Expressionismo">Expressionismo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Assinatura </th></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Helene_Schjerfbeck_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Helene_Schjerfbeck_signature.svg/120px-Helene_Schjerfbeck_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Helene_Schjerfbeck_signature.svg/180px-Helene_Schjerfbeck_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Helene_Schjerfbeck_signature.svg/240px-Helene_Schjerfbeck_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="323" data-file-height="103" /></a></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Helene Schjerfbeck</b> (<a href="/wiki/Helsinki" class="mw-redirect" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a>, <a href="/wiki/10_de_julho" title="10 de julho">10 de julho</a> de <a href="/wiki/1862" title="1862">1862</a> – <a href="/wiki/Saltsj%C3%B6baden" title="Saltsjöbaden">Saltsjöbaden</a>, <a href="/wiki/23_de_janeiro" title="23 de janeiro">23 de janeiro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a>) foi uma <a href="/wiki/Pintora" class="mw-redirect" title="Pintora">pintora</a> <a href="/wiki/Finlandesa" class="mw-redirect" title="Finlandesa">finlandesa</a>, conhecida por seus retratos e auto-retratos <a href="/wiki/Realismo" title="Realismo">realistas</a> e por suas paisagens. Ao longo da carreira, mudou seu estilo várias vezes. É uma das mais famosas e admiradas pintoras finlandesas.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografia">Biografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helene_Schjerfbeck&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Biografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helene_Schjerfbeck&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Biografia"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Helene nasceu em <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" class="mw-redirect" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a>, na época um grão-ducado autônomo do <a href="/wiki/Imp%C3%A9rio_Russo" title="Império Russo">Império Russo</a> e hoje capital da <a href="/wiki/Finl%C3%A2ndia" title="Finlândia">Finlândia</a>, em <a href="/wiki/1862" title="1862">1862</a>. Era filha de Svante Schjerfbeck, funcionário em um escritório e de Olga Johanna Printz.<sup id="cite_ref-KB_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KB-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> Aos 4 anos de idade sofreu uma lesão no quadril, o que a impediu de frequentar a escola. Desde muito pequena, demonstrou talento para as artes e o período em casa se recuperando da lesão serviu para tomar gosto pelo desenho e pela pintura. Entretanto, Helene nunca se recuperou plenamente da lesão e passou a mancar, além de lutar contra várias doenças a vida inteira.<sup id="cite_ref-KB_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KB-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Aos 11 anos, ela foi matriculada na escola de desenho da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnish_Art_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Finnish Art Society (página não existe)">Finnish Art Society</a>, onde as mensalidades eram pagas por <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adolf_von_Becker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adolf von Becker (página não existe)">Adolf von Becker</a>, que reconheceu seu talento.<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> Na escola, Helene conheceu <a href="/wiki/Helena_Westermarck" title="Helena Westermarck">Helena Westermarck</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maria_Wiik" title="Maria Wiik">Maria Wiik</a> e <a href="/wiki/Ada_Thilen" title="Ada Thilen">Ada Thilen</a>, cuja amizade durou por toda a vida.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> Quando o pai de Helene morreu devido à <a href="/wiki/Tuberculose" title="Tuberculose">tuberculose</a>, em <a href="/wiki/2_de_fevereiro" title="2 de fevereiro">2 de fevereiro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1876" title="1876">1876</a>, sua mãe abriu uma pensão para que elas pudessem sobreviver. Pouco mais de um ano depois da morte do pai, Helene se formou na escola de artes. Junto de Helena Westermarck, ela foi para uma escola particular administrada por Adolf von Becker, que utilizava o estúdio de desenho da <a href="/wiki/Universidade_de_Helsinki" class="mw-redirect" title="Universidade de Helsinki">Universidade de Helsinki</a> para suas aulas. Becker pagou por suas aulas e ainda lecionou técnicas a óleo francesas para suas alunas.<sup id="cite_ref-KB_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KB-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Em <a href="/wiki/1879" title="1879">1879</a>, aos 17 anos, Helene ganhou o terceiro lugar em uma competição organizada pela Finnish Art Society, e em 1880 seu trabalho foi exposto em uma feita anual da mesma escola. Naquele verão, Helene passou algum tempo na propriedade de sua tia, Selma Printz, e de seu marido de Selma, Thomas Adlercreutz, onde passou um tempo desenhando e pintando seus primos.<sup id="cite_ref-Laura_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Laura-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> Helene ficou muito próxima de sua prima Selma, que tinha a sua idade. No final do ano, Helene partiu para <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> depois de receber uma autorização de viagem do Senado Imperial.<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Laura_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Laura-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Carreira">Carreira</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helene_Schjerfbeck&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: Carreira" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helene_Schjerfbeck&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Carreira"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Em Paris, Helene pintou com Westermarck um tempo e depois foi para o estúdio de <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Bonnat" title="Léon Bonnat">Léon Bonnat</a>. Em 1881, ela foi para a <a href="/wiki/Academia_Colarossi" title="Academia Colarossi">Academia Colarossi</a>, onde voltou a estudar com Westermarck. O Senado Imperial lhe concedeu uma bolsa de estudos, que ela usou para passar alguns meses em <a href="/wiki/Meudon" title="Meudon">Meudon</a> e em seguida em <a href="/wiki/Concarneau" title="Concarneau">Concarneau</a>. Retornou brevemente para a Colarossi, antes de voltar para a residência da família Adlercreutz, na <a href="/wiki/Finl%C3%A2ndia" title="Finlândia">Finlândia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-KB_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KB-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Laura_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Laura-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Helene se mudou com frequência, pintando e estudando com várias pessoas. Para ganhar algum dinheiro, ela colocou algumas de suas obras em exposições da Art Society, tendo ilustrado também alguns livros. Em <a href="/wiki/1884" title="1884">1884</a>, ela retornou a Paris, reencontrando Westermarck na Academia Colarossi, que agora era professora lá.<sup id="cite_ref-NY_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> Após receber verba de viagem da sociedade, ela virou para <a href="/wiki/St_Ives_(Cornualha)" title="St Ives (Cornualha)">St Ives</a>, na <a href="/wiki/Cornualha" title="Cornualha">Cornualha</a>, onde pintou o quadro <i>The Convalescent</i>, que lhe rendeu a <a href="/wiki/Medalha_de_bronze" title="Medalha de bronze">medalha de bronze</a> na <a href="/wiki/Exposi%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Universal_de_1889" title="Exposição Universal de 1889">Exposição Universal de 1889</a>, em <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>. O quadro foi posteriormente comprado pela Finnish Art Society. Neste período, Helene pintava em estilo naturalista, ao ar livre.<sup id="cite_ref-Laura_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Laura-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Na década de 1890, Helene começou a dar aulas na Finlândia, na escola de desenho da Art Society, mas em <a href="/wiki/1901" title="1901">1901</a> ela ficou gravemente doente e no ano seguinte acabou se demitindo do cargo. Mudou-se para <a href="/wiki/Hyvink%C3%A4%C3%A4" title="Hyvinkää">Hyvinkää</a>, enquanto cuidava da mãe doente que morava com ela. Helene nunca se casou, teve um noivado e um amor não correspondido de longa data, além de ter passado muitos anos cuidando de sua mãe enferma, que se tornou sua principal modelo.<sup id="cite_ref-Finland_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Finland-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> A morte da mãe a deixaria ainda mais reclusa.Sua mãe morreu em 1923. Enquanto estava em Hyvinkää, continuou a pintar e a expor suas obras.<sup id="cite_ref-NY_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> Seu único contato com o mundo da arte, porém eram as revistas que seus amigos lhe mandavam pelo correio.<sup id="cite_ref-Laura_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Laura-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nesta época, suas obras eram principalmente paisagens e estilo de vida, bem como retratos, como o de sua mãe, de garotas da escola local e trabalhadoras. Produziu também alguns auto-retratos em estilo <a href="/wiki/Modernismo" title="Modernismo">modernista</a>. Seu trabalho foi comparado na época com o de artistas como <a href="/wiki/James_McNeill_Whistler" title="James McNeill Whistler">James McNeill Whistler</a> e <a href="/wiki/Edvard_Munch" title="Edvard Munch">Edvard Munch</a><sup id="cite_ref-NY_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jenni_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jenni-9"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup>, mas em 1905 seus quadros começaram a adotar uma característica única de seu estilo. Helene continuou experimentando várias técnicas e usando diferentes tipos de sub-pintura.<sup id="cite_ref-Laura_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Laura-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NY_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Em <a href="/wiki/1913" title="1913">1913</a>, Helene conheceu a negociante de artes <a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%B6sta_Stenman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gösta Stenman (página não existe)">Gösta Stenman</a>, que a encorajou a expôr suas obras em <a href="/wiki/Malm%C3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="Malmö">Malmö</a>, em <a href="/wiki/1914" title="1914">1914</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estocolmo" title="Estocolmo">Estocolmo</a>, em <a href="/wiki/1916" title="1916">1916</a> e em <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Petersburgo" title="São Petersburgo">São Petersburgo</a>, em <a href="/wiki/1917" title="1917">1917</a>. Em 1917, Stenman organizou sua primeira exposição solo e no mesmo ano Einar Reuter (<a href="/wiki/Pseud%C3%B3nimo" title="Pseudónimo">pseudônimo</a> de H. Ahtela) publicou a primeira <a href="/wiki/Monografia" title="Monografia">monografia</a> de Helene. Outras exposições viriam nos anos seguintes, como em <a href="/wiki/Copenhague" class="mw-redirect" title="Copenhague">Copenhague</a>, em 1919, <a href="/wiki/Gotemburgo" title="Gotemburgo">Gotemburgo</a> em <a href="/wiki/1923" title="1923">1923</a> e novamente em Estocolmo em <a href="/wiki/1934" title="1934">1934</a>. Em 1937, Stenman organizou outra exposição de Helene, em Estocolmo e em <a href="/wiki/1938" title="1938">1938</a> já pagava mensalmente pelas obras.<sup id="cite_ref-Laura_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Laura-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NY_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Siberchicot_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Siberchicot-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Últimos_anos"><span id=".C3.9Altimos_anos"></span>Últimos anos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helene_Schjerfbeck&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar secção: Últimos anos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helene_Schjerfbeck&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Últimos anos"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Helene passou a viajar menos conforme os anos passaram. Quando algum problema familiar acontecia, ela viajava de volta para casa, mas passou boa parte da vida morando em Hyvinkää. Por alguns meses chegou a morar em <a href="/wiki/Eken%C3%A4s" title="Ekenäs">Ekenäs</a>. Por um ano, Helene morou em uma fazenda em <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tenala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tenala (página não existe)">Tenala</a>, fugindo da <a href="/wiki/Guerra_de_Inverno" title="Guerra de Inverno">Guerra de Inverno</a>, mas retornou a Ekenäs por volta de 1940.<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Siberchicot_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Siberchicot-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Morte">Morte</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helene_Schjerfbeck&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar secção: Morte" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helene_Schjerfbeck&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Morte"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Helene se mudou para uma casa de cuidados, onde ficou menos de um ano antes de se mudar para o asilo de Luontola. Em 1944, ela se mudou novamente para um retiro em <a href="/wiki/Saltsj%C3%B6baden" title="Saltsjöbaden">Saltsjöbaden</a>, na <a href="/wiki/Su%C3%A9cia" title="Suécia">Suécia</a>, onde continuou a pintar, em especial retratos. Helene morreu em <a href="/wiki/23_de_janeiro" title="23 de janeiro">23 de janeiro</a> de <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a>, aos 83 anos e foi sepultada no cemitério Hietaniemi, em <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" class="mw-redirect" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Finland_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Finland-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Galeria">Galeria</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helene_Schjerfbeck&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editar secção: Galeria" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helene_Schjerfbeck&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Galeria"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 1098px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 175px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 170px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Helene_schjerfbeck.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portrait of a Man. Óleo sobre tela, 1881"><img alt="Portrait of a Man. Óleo sobre tela, 1881" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Helene_schjerfbeck.jpg/140px-Helene_schjerfbeck.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Helene_schjerfbeck.jpg/210px-Helene_schjerfbeck.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Helene_schjerfbeck.jpg/280px-Helene_schjerfbeck.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="2515" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> <i>Portrait of a Man</i>. Óleo sobre tela, 1881</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 175px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 170px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Schjerfbeck12.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Girl reading. Óleo sobre tela, 1904"><img alt="Girl reading. Óleo sobre tela, 1904" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Schjerfbeck12.jpg/140px-Schjerfbeck12.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Schjerfbeck12.jpg/210px-Schjerfbeck12.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Schjerfbeck12.jpg/280px-Schjerfbeck12.jpg 2x" data-file-width="547" data-file-height="732" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Girl reading</i>. Óleo sobre tela, 1904</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 175px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 170px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Arvesmykket_by_Helena_Schjerfbeck_1916.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Family Heirloom. Óleo sobre tela, 1916"><img alt="The Family Heirloom. Óleo sobre tela, 1916" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Arvesmykket_by_Helena_Schjerfbeck_1916.jpg/140px-Arvesmykket_by_Helena_Schjerfbeck_1916.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Arvesmykket_by_Helena_Schjerfbeck_1916.jpg/210px-Arvesmykket_by_Helena_Schjerfbeck_1916.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Arvesmykket_by_Helena_Schjerfbeck_1916.jpg/280px-Arvesmykket_by_Helena_Schjerfbeck_1916.jpg 2x" data-file-width="747" data-file-height="1046" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Family Heirloom</i>. Óleo sobre tela, 1916</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 175px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 170px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Girl_with_Blonde_Hair.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Girl with Blonde Hair. Óleo sobre tela, 1916"><img alt="Girl with Blonde Hair. Óleo sobre tela, 1916" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Girl_with_Blonde_Hair.jpg/140px-Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Girl_with_Blonde_Hair.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Girl_with_Blonde_Hair.jpg/210px-Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Girl_with_Blonde_Hair.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Girl_with_Blonde_Hair.jpg/280px-Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Girl_with_Blonde_Hair.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1548" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Girl with Blonde Hair</i>. Óleo sobre tela, 1916</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 175px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 170px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Spaniard_-_A-2002-452_-_Finnish_National_Gallery.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Spaniard. Óleo sobre tela, 1881"><img alt="Spaniard. Óleo sobre tela, 1881" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Spaniard_-_A-2002-452_-_Finnish_National_Gallery.jpg/140px-Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Spaniard_-_A-2002-452_-_Finnish_National_Gallery.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Spaniard_-_A-2002-452_-_Finnish_National_Gallery.jpg/210px-Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Spaniard_-_A-2002-452_-_Finnish_National_Gallery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Spaniard_-_A-2002-452_-_Finnish_National_Gallery.jpg/280px-Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Spaniard_-_A-2002-452_-_Finnish_National_Gallery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="5456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Spaniard</i>. Óleo sobre tela, 1881</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 175px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 170px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Madonna_de_la_Charit%C3%A9,_El_Grecon_mukaan_(1941).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Madonna de la Charité. Óleo sobre tela, 1941"><img alt="Madonna de la Charité. Óleo sobre tela, 1941" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Madonna_de_la_Charit%C3%A9%2C_El_Grecon_mukaan_%281941%29.jpg/139px-Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Madonna_de_la_Charit%C3%A9%2C_El_Grecon_mukaan_%281941%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="139" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Madonna_de_la_Charit%C3%A9%2C_El_Grecon_mukaan_%281941%29.jpg/209px-Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Madonna_de_la_Charit%C3%A9%2C_El_Grecon_mukaan_%281941%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Madonna_de_la_Charit%C3%A9%2C_El_Grecon_mukaan_%281941%29.jpg/279px-Helene_Schjerfbeck_-_Madonna_de_la_Charit%C3%A9%2C_El_Grecon_mukaan_%281941%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="5736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Madonna de la Charité</i>. Óleo sobre tela, 1941</div> </li> </ul> <h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Martin Gayford (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spectator.co.uk/2019/08/why-havent-we-heard-of-the-extraordinary-finnish-artist-helene-schjerfbeck/">«Why haven't we heard of the extraordinary Finnish artist Helene Schjerfbeck?»</a>. The Spectator<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 18 de outubro de 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AHelene+Schjerfbeck&rft.btitle=Why+haven%99t+we+heard+of+the+extraordinary+Finnish+artist+Helene+Schjerfbeck%3F&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=The+Spectator&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spectator.co.uk%2F2019%2F08%2Fwhy-havent-we-heard-of-the-extraordinary-finnish-artist-helene-schjerfbeck%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KB-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-KB_2-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-KB_2-1">b</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-KB_2-2">c</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-KB_2-3">d</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Riitta Konttinen (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kansallisbiografia.fi/english/person/4115">«Schjerfbeck, Helene (1862–1946)»</a>. Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 18 de outubro de 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AHelene+Schjerfbeck&rft.btitle=Schjerfbeck%2C+Helene+%281862%931946%29&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Suomalaisen+Kirjallisuuden+Seura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkansallisbiografia.fi%2Fenglish%2Fperson%2F4115&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guardian-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_3-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_3-1">b</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_3-2">c</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_3-3">d</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_3-4">e</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Kate Kellaway (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2019/jul/06/helene-schjerfbeck-finnish-painter-royal-academy">«<span style="padding-left:0.2em;">'</span>Finland's Munch': the unnerving art of Helene Schjerfbeck»</a>. The Guardian<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 18 de outubro de 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AHelene+Schjerfbeck&rft.btitle=%98Finland%99s+Munch%99%3A+the+unnerving+art+of+Helene+Schjerfbeck&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=The+Guardian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F2019%2Fjul%2F06%2Fhelene-schjerfbeck-finnish-painter-royal-academy&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lukulamppu.fi/product/taiteiljatoveruutta-helene-schjerfbeck-maria-wiik-helena-westermarck-ja-ada-thilen/">«Taiteiljatoveruutta. Helene Schjerfbeck, Maria Wiik, Helena Westermarck ja Ada Thilén»</a>. Lukulamppu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 18 de outubro de 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AHelene+Schjerfbeck&rft.btitle=Taiteiljatoveruutta.+Helene+Schjerfbeck%2C+Maria+Wiik%2C+Helena+Westermarck+ja+Ada+Thil%C3%A9n&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Lukulamppu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lukulamppu.fi%2Fproduct%2Ftaiteiljatoveruutta-helene-schjerfbeck-maria-wiik-helena-westermarck-ja-ada-thilen%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Laura-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Laura_5-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Laura_5-1">b</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Laura_5-2">c</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Laura_5-3">d</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Laura_5-4">e</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Laura_5-5">f</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Laura_5-6">g</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Laura Cumming (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2019/jul/21/helene-schjerfbeck-royal-academy-arts-review">«Helene Schjerfbeck review – a strange and silent beauty»</a>. The Guardian<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 18 de outubro de 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AHelene+Schjerfbeck&rft.btitle=Helene+Schjerfbeck+review+%93+a+strange+and+silent+beauty&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=The+Guardian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fartanddesign%2F2019%2Fjul%2F21%2Fhelene-schjerfbeck-royal-academy-arts-review&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NY-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-NY_6-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-NY_6-1">b</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-NY_6-2">c</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-NY_6-3">d</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-NY_6-4">e</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Roberta Smith, ed. (27 de novembro de 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/11/27/arts/review-art-a-neglected-finnish-modernist-is-rediscovered.html">«Review/Art: A Neglected Finnish Modernist Is Rediscovered»</a>. The New York Times<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 18 de outubro de 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AHelene+Schjerfbeck&rft.btitle=Review%2FArt%3A+A+Neglected+Finnish+Modernist+Is+Rediscovered&rft.date=1992-11-27&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=The+New+York+Times&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F11%2F27%2Farts%2Freview-art-a-neglected-finnish-modernist-is-rediscovered.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Finland-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Finland_7-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Finland_7-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Wif Stenger (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://finland.fi/pt/arte-amp-cultura/retratos-comoventes-do-mundo-de-schjerfbeck/">«Retratos comoventes do mundo de Schjerfbeck»</a>. This is Finland<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 18 de outubro de 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AHelene+Schjerfbeck&rft.btitle=Retratos+comoventes+do+mundo+de+Schjerfbeck&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=This+is+Finland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffinland.fi%2Fpt%2Farte-amp-cultura%2Fretratos-comoventes-do-mundo-de-schjerfbeck%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">José da Silva (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theartnewspaper.com/gallery/a-life-in-pictures-helene-schjerfbeck-s-self-portraits">«In pictures: Helene Schjerfbeck's self-portraits and the evolution of her singular style»</a>. The Art Newspaper<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 18 de outubro de 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AHelene+Schjerfbeck&rft.btitle=In+pictures%3A+Helene+Schjerfbeck%99s+self-portraits+and+the+evolution+of+her+singular+style&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=The+Art+Newspaper&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theartnewspaper.com%2Fgallery%2Fa-life-in-pictures-helene-schjerfbeck-s-self-portraits&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jenni-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Jenni_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Jenni Råback (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://decoratingdissidence.com/2019/08/31/review-helene-schjerfbeck-exhibition-at-the-royal-academy-of-arts/">«Review: Helene Schjerfbeck Exhibition at the Royal Academy of Arts»</a>. Decorating Dissidence<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 18 de outubro de 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AHelene+Schjerfbeck&rft.btitle=Review%3A+Helene+Schjerfbeck+Exhibition+at+the+Royal+Academy+of+Arts&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Decorating+Dissidence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdecoratingdissidence.com%2F2019%2F08%2F31%2Freview-helene-schjerfbeck-exhibition-at-the-royal-academy-of-arts%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Siberchicot-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Siberchicot_10-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Siberchicot_10-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Clément Siberchicot (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://awarewomenartists.com/en/artiste/helene-schjerfbeck/">«Helene Schjerfbeck»</a>. Aware Women Artists<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 18 de outubro de 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AHelene+Schjerfbeck&rft.btitle=Helene+Schjerfbeck&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Aware+Women+Artists&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fawarewomenartists.com%2Fen%2Fartiste%2Fhelene-schjerfbeck%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.helsinginseurakunnat.fi/material/attachments/hautausmaat/hietaniemi/w8GZkM0y7/Hietaniemen_merkittavia_vainajia.pdf">«Hietaniemen hautausmaa– merkittäviä vainajia»</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Kirkko Helsingissä<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 18 de outubro de 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AHelene+Schjerfbeck&rft.btitle=Hietaniemen+hautausmaa%93+merkitt%C3%A4vi%C3%A4+vainajia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Kirkko+Helsingiss%C3%A4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.helsinginseurakunnat.fi%2Fmaterial%2Fattachments%2Fhautausmaat%2Fhietaniemi%2Fw8GZkM0y7%2FHietaniemen_merkittavia_vainajia.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">José da Silva (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theartnewspaper.com/preview/wide-ranging-style-of-finnish-artist-helene-schjerfbeck-explored-in-london-survey-show">«The lauded Finnish artist Helene Schjerfbeck finally gets major UK show»</a>. The Art Newspaper<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 18 de outubro de 2019</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AHelene+Schjerfbeck&rft.btitle=The+lauded+Finnish+artist+Helene+Schjerfbeck+finally+gets+major+UK+show&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=The+Art+Newspaper&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theartnewspaper.com%2Fpreview%2Fwide-ranging-style-of-finnish-artist-helene-schjerfbeck-explored-in-london-survey-show&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ligações_externas"><span id="Liga.C3.A7.C3.B5es_externas"></span>Ligações externas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helene_Schjerfbeck&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editar secção: Ligações externas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helene_Schjerfbeck&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ligações externas"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f9f9f9); color: inherit; width: 238px; padding: 5px; spacing: 0px; text-align: center; float: right;"> <div style="float: left; vertical-align:middle;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/22px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/33px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/44px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 30px; line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle;">O <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1gina_principal" class="extiw" title="commons:Página principal">Commons</a> possui uma <i>categoria</i> com imagens e outros ficheiros sobre <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Helene_Schjerfbeck?uselang=pt">Helene Schjerfbeck</a></span></b></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timeout.com/london/art/helene-schjerfbeck-review">Helene Schjerfbeck review - "Time Out", exposição dos trabalhos de Helene</a> em Londres</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.europeana.eu/portal/pt/explore/galleries/helene-schjerfbeck">Helene Schjerfbeck (1862–1946)</a> na Europeana</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Realismo_e_Naturalismo" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color: #edd87d"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Realismo" title="Predefinição:Realismo"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";background-color: #edd87d;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Realismo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Realismo (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição" style=";background-color: #edd87d;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Realismo&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição" style=";background-color: #edd87d;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Realismo_e_Naturalismo" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Realismo" title="Realismo">Realismo</a> e <a href="/wiki/Naturalismo" title="Naturalismo">Naturalismo</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #f3e5a8; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Escola_de_Barbizon" title="Escola de Barbizon">Escola de<br />Barbizon</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Defaux" title="Alexandre Defaux">Alexandre Defaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Fran%C3%A7ois_Daubigny" title="Charles-François Daubigny">Charles-François Daubigny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Ziem" title="Félix Ziem">Félix Ziem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Harpignies" title="Henri Harpignies">Henri Harpignies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Camille_Corot" title="Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot">Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Millet" title="Jean-François Millet">Jean-François Millet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Dupr%C3%A9" title="Jules Dupré">Jules Dupré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Rousseau" title="Théodore Rousseau">Théodore Rousseau</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Escola_de_Barbizon" title="Escola de Barbizon"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/JurijSubic-Pred_lovom.jpg/100px-JurijSubic-Pred_lovom.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/JurijSubic-Pred_lovom.jpg/150px-JurijSubic-Pred_lovom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/JurijSubic-Pred_lovom.jpg/200px-JurijSubic-Pred_lovom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4554" data-file-height="6106" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br /><br /><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Naturalismo_em_Portugal" title="Naturalismo em Portugal"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/O_Filho_Pr%C3%B3digo_-_Marques_de_Oliveira.png/100px-O_Filho_Pr%C3%B3digo_-_Marques_de_Oliveira.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/O_Filho_Pr%C3%B3digo_-_Marques_de_Oliveira.png/150px-O_Filho_Pr%C3%B3digo_-_Marques_de_Oliveira.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/O_Filho_Pr%C3%B3digo_-_Marques_de_Oliveira.png/200px-O_Filho_Pr%C3%B3digo_-_Marques_de_Oliveira.png 2x" data-file-width="618" data-file-height="876" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br /><br /><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Joshua_Chaplin" title="Charles Joshua Chaplin"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Chaplin-La_ragazza_col_nido-1869.jpg/100px-Chaplin-La_ragazza_col_nido-1869.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Chaplin-La_ragazza_col_nido-1869.jpg/150px-Chaplin-La_ragazza_col_nido-1869.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Chaplin-La_ragazza_col_nido-1869.jpg/200px-Chaplin-La_ragazza_col_nido-1869.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1976" data-file-height="2826" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #f3e5a8; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Escola_do_Rio_Hudson" title="Escola do Rio Hudson">Escola do<br />Rio Hudson</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Bierstadt" title="Albert Bierstadt">Albert Bierstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asher_Brown_Durand" title="Asher Brown Durand">Asher Brown Durand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_Edwin_Church" title="Frederic Edwin Church">Frederic Edwin Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_McDougal_Hart" title="James McDougal Hart">James McDougal Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasper_Francis_Cropsey" title="Jasper Francis Cropsey">Jasper Francis Cropsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Frederick_Kensett" title="John Frederick Kensett">John Frederick Kensett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Johnson_Heade" title="Martin Johnson Heade">Martin Johnson Heade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Colman" title="Samuel Colman">Samuel Colman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanford_Robinson_Gifford" title="Sanford Robinson Gifford">Sanford Robinson Gifford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cole" title="Thomas Cole">Thomas Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Doughty" title="Thomas Doughty">Thomas Doughty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hill" title="Thomas Hill">Thomas Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Moran" title="Thomas Moran">Thomas Moran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Worthington_Whittredge" title="Thomas Worthington Whittredge">Thomas Worthington Whittredge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bliss_Baker" title="William Bliss Baker">William Bliss Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Guy_Wall" title="William Guy Wall">William Guy Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Moore_Davis" title="William Moore Davis">William Moore Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stanley_Haseltine" title="William Stanley Haseltine">William Stanley Haseltine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #f3e5a8; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Escola_de_Haia" title="Escola de Haia">Escola<br />de Haia</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthon_van_Rappard" title="Anthon van Rappard">Anthon van Rappard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Mauve" title="Anton Mauve">Anton Mauve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Blommers" title="Bernard Blommers">Bernard Blommers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Willem_Mesdag" title="Hendrik Willem Mesdag">Hendrik Willem Mesdag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_Johannes_van_der_Weele" title="Herman Johannes van der Weele">Herman Johannes van der Weele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Hendrik_Weissenbruch" title="Jan Hendrik Weissenbruch">Jan Hendrik Weissenbruch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jozef_Isra%C3%ABls" title="Jozef Israëls">Jozef Israëls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophile_de_Bock" title="Théophile de Bock">Théophile de Bock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willem_Roelofs" title="Willem Roelofs">Willem Roelofs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #f3e5a8; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Pintura_do_realismo" title="Pintura do realismo">Outros<br />Pintores</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ada_Thilen" title="Ada Thilen">Ada Thilen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolph_Menzel" title="Adolph Menzel">Adolph Menzel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Osmerkin" title="Alexander Osmerkin">Alexander Osmerkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Antigna" title="Alexandre Antigna">Alexandre Antigna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Casanova_Zenteno" title="Álvaro Casanova Zenteno">Álvaro Casanova Zenteno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Vollon" title="Antoine Vollon">Antoine Vollon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Mauve" title="Anton Mauve">Anton Mauve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_da_Silva_Porto" title="António da Silva Porto">António da Silva Porto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Joshua_Chaplin" title="Charles Joshua Chaplin">Charles Joshua Chaplin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Close" title="Chuck Close">Chuck Close</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clodoaldo_Martins" title="Clodoaldo Martins">Clodoaldo Martins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbano_Bordalo_Pinheiro" title="Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro">Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Hopper" title="Edward Hopper">Edward Hopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Friant" title="Émile Friant">Émile Friant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fausto_Sampaio" title="Fausto Sampaio">Fausto Sampaio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Bonvin" title="François Bonvin">François Bonvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frans_Hals" title="Frans Hals">Frans Hals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Fattori" title="Giovanni Fattori">Giovanni Fattori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustave_Courbet" title="Gustave Courbet">Gustave Courbet</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Helene Schjerfbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrique_Pinto" title="Henrique Pinto">Henrique Pinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honor%C3%A9_Daumier" title="Honoré Daumier">Honoré Daumier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Levitan" title="Isaac Levitan">Isaac Levitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Kramskoi" title="Ivan Kramskoi">Ivan Kramskoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Rodrigues_Vieira" title="J. Rodrigues Vieira">J. Rodrigues Vieira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_M%C3%A1rio_(pintor)" title="João Mário (pintor)">João Mário (pintor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Malhoa" title="José Malhoa">José Malhoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Ducreux" title="Joseph Ducreux">Joseph Ducreux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Breton" title="Jules Breton">Jules Breton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_de_Lourdes_de_Mello_e_Castro" title="Maria de Lourdes de Mello e Castro">Maria de Lourdes de Mello e Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritz_de_Haas" title="Mauritz de Haas">Mauritz de Haas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_%C3%82ngelo_Lupi" title="Miguel Ângelo Lupi">Miguel Ângelo Lupi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Alexandrino_Borges" title="Pedro Alexandrino Borges">Pedro Alexandrino Borges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Estes" title="Richard Estes">Richard Estes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Zommer" title="Richard Zommer">Richard Zommer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semion_Kojin" title="Semion Kojin">Semion Kojin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Eakins" title="Thomas Eakins">Thomas Eakins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasily_Polenov" title="Vasily Polenov">Vasily Polenov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Baxter_Collier_Fyfe" title="William Baxter Collier Fyfe">William Baxter Collier Fyfe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winslow_Homer" title="Winslow Homer">Winslow Homer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #f3e5a8; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Pintores_de_Skagen" title="Pintores de Skagen">Escola<br />de Skagen</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Ancher" title="Anna Ancher">Anna Ancher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Krohg" title="Christian Krohg">Christian Krohg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Brandes" title="Georg Brandes">Georg Brandes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Pontoppidan" title="Henrik Pontoppidan">Henrik Pontoppidan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peder_Severin_Kr%C3%B8yer" title="Peder Severin Krøyer">Peder Severin Krøyer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #f3e5a8; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Realismo_m%C3%A1gico" title="Realismo mágico">Realismo<br />Mágico</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolfo_Bioy_Casares" title="Adolfo Bioy Casares">Adolfo Bioy Casares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejo_Carpentier" title="Alejo Carpentier">Alejo Carpentier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Fuentes" title="Carlos Fuentes">Carlos Fuentes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dias_Gomes" title="Dias Gomes">Dias Gomes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Garc%C3%ADa_M%C3%A1rquez" title="Gabriel García Márquez">Gabriel García Márquez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Allende" title="Isabel Allende">Isabel Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_J._Veiga" title="José J. Veiga">José J. Veiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Arguedas" title="José María Arguedas">José María Arguedas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Rulfo" title="Juan Rulfo">Juan Rulfo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julio_Cort%C3%A1zar" title="Julio Cortázar">Julio Cortázar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Scorza" title="Manuel Scorza">Manuel Scorza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_%C3%81ngel_Asturias" title="Miguel Ángel Asturias">Miguel Ángel Asturias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murilo_Rubi%C3%A3o" title="Murilo Rubião">Murilo Rubião</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #f3e5a8; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Naturalismo" title="Naturalismo">Naturalismo</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naturalismo_biol%C3%B3gico" title="Naturalismo biológico">Biologia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naturalismo_(filosofia)" title="Naturalismo (filosofia)">Filosofia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literatura_do_naturalismo" title="Literatura do naturalismo">Literatura</a> (<a href="/wiki/Abel_Botelho" title="Abel Botelho">Abel Botelho</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alu%C3%ADsio_Azevedo" title="Aluísio Azevedo">Aluísio Azevedo</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Zola" title="Émile Zola">Émile Zola</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pintura_do_Naturalismo" title="Pintura do Naturalismo">Pintura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naturalismo_em_Portugal" title="Naturalismo em Portugal">em Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teatro_do_naturalismo" title="Teatro do naturalismo">Teatro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #f3e5a8; text-align:center;">Por Local</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Realismo_australiano" title="Realismo australiano">Austrália</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realismo_no_Brasil" title="Realismo no Brasil">Brasil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realismo_em_Portugal" title="Realismo em Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realismo_po%C3%A9tico_franc%C3%AAs" title="Realismo poético francês">França</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realismo_russo" title="Realismo russo">Rússia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realismo_socialista" title="Realismo socialista">URSSS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #f3e5a8; text-align:center;">Por Tema</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>Escultura (<a href="/wiki/Auguste_Rodin" title="Auguste Rodin">Auguste Rodin</a>)</li> <li>Teatro (<a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Dumas_(filho)" title="Alexandre Dumas (filho)">Alexandre Dumas (filho)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Ibsen" title="Henrik Ibsen">Henrik Ibsen</a>, <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1ximo_Gorki" title="Máximo Gorki">Máximo Gorki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerhart_Hauptmann" title="Gerhart Hauptmann">Gerhart Hauptmann</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neorrealismo" title="Neorrealismo">Neorrealismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neorrealismo_italiano" title="Neorrealismo italiano">Neorrealismo italiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transrealismo_(literatura)" title="Transrealismo (literatura)">Transrealismo (literatura)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academicismo" title="Academicismo">Academicismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antirrealismo" title="Antirrealismo">Antirrealismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realismo_animista" title="Realismo animista">Animista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realismo_capitalista" title="Realismo capitalista">Capitalista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realismo_cient%C3%ADfico" title="Realismo científico">Científico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realismo_C%C3%ADnico" title="Realismo Cínico">Cínico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realismo_cr%C3%ADtico" title="Realismo crítico">Crítico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realismo_depressivo" title="Realismo depressivo">Depressivo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realismo_filos%C3%B3fico" title="Realismo filosófico">Filosófico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realismo_ing%C3%A9nuo" title="Realismo ingénuo">Ingénuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realismo_jur%C3%ADdico" title="Realismo jurídico">Jurídico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realismo_plat%C3%B4nico" title="Realismo platônico">Platônico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realismo_dos_pressupostos" title="Realismo dos pressupostos">Pressupostos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realismo_sujo" title="Realismo sujo">Sujo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiper-realismo" title="Hiper-realismo">Hiper-realismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fotorrealismo" title="Fotorrealismo">Fotorrealismo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td 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