CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9136a5786b523e17',cH: 'X8NHXMiA1D729W.vZlh77QrYs_Aw._kU4EdTvoAx3yA-1739804419-1.2.1.1-U.2CfcYnzRQ3liA7BUrqW63lhIh44g8M6hA7X6f9UgDcfv8r5RJGF28k7MV__D.C',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=synchronous%20machine%20parameters&page=10&__cf_chl_tk=EI0uQ9bX5lpGZvsaBSidacEy5wAXIWDip6Nlcjarx8Y-1739804419-1.0.1.1-49ziyMsmJJhibdgU2sESf69CHff9TQu0I_.Gl.UYrXc",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739804419',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=synchronous%20machine%20parameters&page=10&__cf_chl_f_tk=EI0uQ9bX5lpGZvsaBSidacEy5wAXIWDip6Nlcjarx8Y-1739804419-1.0.1.1-49ziyMsmJJhibdgU2sESf69CHff9TQu0I_.Gl.UYrXc",md: "ZRgfMIMfOFFXwLJA4w4WRcOF4y7di11kjnXVygMpmB8-1739804419-1.2.1.1-e_IVLT7412_aef0g7zCnCtzYvcGmM9N2_GKippYq3TgzUeFvktQt3uZhnzus.skLaWF61_a7PrfwAaMLBovWg.zemlo_pXzF5EeadbZQo2Q5tL1vJzt00YbpKQlxe9P6OukMyl9hxJemIo1pmkqEBK4IKrup3TlAKdEG_Ex1qyBiSksdYIytoFiXgnnyS2ej7b0I7jgWNrQPleT6l1HdjCYENIXqXc5_j5oFnt_5Sf75Zi7bAiHhCFJezlwmsOx5OT2c9R2uOUqnaBRjPPJp0bWIrAJ1WzPrgwRa3ak4XiJ8cX2lSBxOBrdfZ2qyX.WN3Penp1pCvEYOXN3SDaxEE0FzNxrQM17E26JFmqzB6T2hWym6zKvXSs2ufW275Ls7L0lr3M5JrfH5hDxyq.bxFclu75ZMYkgjEZUNOwH5ke7PNrqMbFw91uVvndKNfkmpgAZmgK76r_ZBPAcXltya_kpETCkaWEpn0IGvBrF2UT2RXGP86KR3llSZeNNE6Nzo4dZ0U3Rh8zp3E.B1vIrCTaS_fbCbAW9qDHfW9PNvAf2eTvx9q37XCkln1uRUv3YKZEMmeD86dMVwlVqDhVLOb1Nh_LpPHrTnYRD5T3veURhg.LlWGAukxCjzjO63KDCdRCpPyuXJqacLhCbRhiwhn5gIXEF_PX5CZzh9Ph172MIRU8d9RkJ2ahLdH5tWTcURpL9293_Ao8rOXME38LGivXXqFXyXdPoKi_PKnL2jhDrHniVn.otcFQJOKjWsVwgOinH0Q2Cl4mjgv5gxhga9bJT.8C2jGK9JFadTloA5V0FNZfeVEc8IlpAqLNlmsS9Igkw.O1nY1.s6jpXZ0iqSC5zmipuKd5.n5ocgJ89othHkxFTkqgKy9gFhkJfFi8vbiZ3NbFo9vmGvu6Di764PDs14XyUjaNdroiwC95vaugoNaS0hluZg52v2qpIIAHKNELXnTHw72JzswSDEqjwUloU.k7hmaZvrH8L0RP.qpavM0QmCI.Ts_3JvlEBQTMyXvvpgj8vOlTxpx6VxrTgi302c1UHIh4nU51JlpNwUzlxWXR144akExpNPBR2OsAniTJ.5kPuuU8OyoRK41eYuY5Xulj_hhz4j7zauUwsK_YW28e16dHwgU_Xi1xOPOt8rYT7903Q88hbkAnCjfgoKuujZ43j_91b7sY561upcJDfm1xBJIHhYvgo_ZJbl47JgEyMa_l6YFt7IHii3ROF9G9tMpKPLNL405.N0ylyvvsICoUYkrWbJuTAUVy3eCLBbCQcjOSEv8RmXjkmQW1UHM0sAvWQT0bFo7QSQ.fSExw8V41aPKhfwY9qLpxsxl0fHjA7iHteEOYrg2b_egdwPqqbA3Q8Q.pQY2BV2NjuXFRXK4ekbTPAPEXGkXVlEaE9QsJqXCO9BzwaTqqHAWdMoQmGjdOAITyIDX8kDqpVacRArkyovJIXrmJIwHqIC_6ML7sBoIJAAGhUyhKKxiaHpdMWar7MOPyvDNY61Y_V.z_PnFsRhROnRGfyhUXTB8Kg0aqs9N0rH2nSD3McA8N9BkXFCPdy6RfD4VymhT4lgMZNTyrQzuZDvhEThzD.xM4KR1wnOv1L9fv0lOMg2XEA1KioHogklwDDUBSteYf4sRVPtyC97LjbFlBvm2Olu2RMxD4XjsrbWPU.V5CcfJppQCT4y1R5hPDOh9LGLwBHyjX1fgukQHcYxWoW35Yf9XKz.sxwahJNVyjVfY59j8XW7WYXMJZ6KOVETQTY0gQkmODxvU4zFTVBPaYiqfnhjlEK8F0R2PUQGboF.k9F3Imu4Ys1tWw.UbejNz7eGWZrCnoNWRLvqUM2noBfmMiTuz4hqK24NAn8xxN7_OIbMQzel2GazJN.Ma27xvADQM2U0Qe6ikxCdgCEvqpbK7EBeugxXXcYNbf4Oqa_ujq5.WIP9zpnGu3ioNqxQkSxNT9GbjSveXWtIUWth8V_gr8eUQBqTohQrgZsa3n2EY_H2UTwYGoaId4932NucwVxp9s76G50",mdrd: "LJEDWOSdIpihwF37QGr1_E95t7CWYTAzf4g_rB8RPOo-1739804419-1.2.1.1-5mNhtHNQTMkgT.pnRTPTvLLJUV8eGT60TSKCiRUogLhuuFyCsdNL.0RUMjePHPMHrCmhbYh9e9bcyZekUj09SGWjbhXeh6E79_W9DmGlQKa6sMSn9NEeSBmX49Il1Bk2LvEgM4ctpFp4hQHtiRtYLUnzoJWr5RPeTCDZAgNu.A3dtM8m565UqHmiZoChepL.gV81qaW9_S_RFLxnMg4CunDz9dQ6xPg9FG4hKx.0szRkgHxIHypKlS7XKrmRBHNPU6PDLhSsFY1q2TBXUGH0g4tNmOGUROtlO_o855lNtAzk4HNAQ6SMLanesr0O7CjrqJN6OcYCnE2F_Xy..F_H68dCiOFF3WYLMMYZ4tDr1GFMtB7_LMnXUyVDbatGsF1c63IcfAn1X.VP8gWzHq0nWjc0yocmkzPCUrKxuQn6EAdJsbzCpjuH92sM7t2w5_qAqGESS1XfLfYsyyP1VMmfYFp4a0iEYPMlxWyP3D7YCnLtt0iP7f0de5Wz62VVCWSoWGONn277K_uY7nirJup7WSZ9VzwNLplZVNml3d0iJqm8BT0G_MbZnL7bqvRd3_X3n.Yfd7kFnkUmrNc0VLpSTs5tD6yxtlxyawcgnrjjzOR9u13E1PCnzvzOqwYmk7C0rcNso503W.GYWM83NfiDK_Q5p2lXPhTXPJI8mGH8qjmcFQxSeeosNKB8AWbxI.nqw6jpWOUtBWAlS55pyaNReUJRNorcy6mRIYBoFTJVj2qM.qa9wvVlOFJ3.5o8ag3SOzDzBmXZD_RLyKfg1apGv.KVopuv.rauMpAmxog2EYlC6Y98zNeyWeSmyLowP.c6IB_Dhj1O9Umh4kJz_Qhq9M3PH84l.dqQEj3Qph7WooKu5uHTEv.VD5GNs9EZRcn08R_dEIurJ3Qv6AqJMuOcCf6_0.Knd0csX2OevAuUV_79VUQDATaRPW1SPDYGK5yFHK1pYTQ0a2.t3Du6oXIrpSHEYW0aiWz6r44IKdtsUrXQxghGtJbpbRtiwM1tDdTdqQ8sn5CEFjDxPoL1Jrr8S8JVK0lXXXOFIu0YV_LOkOA0K3_U14v2dYKue_nA2SkgSkt8SPdqQzI.Reg3eqoqdFAlH_ZdZzPz1q2YsX0cy3VEdmSaUuZ8m2ryY50RIrrk9yUat6POhF47hxzvQfeM0.6NFArxP.paguuWBorJ8Hv2kr99jJG6PojLZ9GHMj9ZPAT1SuxkPPf_RAzG_6QqkJtK4CFJr23AKu3S0AUD55y_Y5wHK4hu.kz48IiQyZVQYrRbP3DbotQfK6RRmX1RI3Y4OlZtoBBwtExoLd.t9wtV0liY4RqUJvyWNXJd78DUOmSDp.85oAw7hTnhkYYLSmCuECWWQb2hSQ69_GLm6xNQD05LX4tss31VeeUhQ95Az78U9bR7XLqmdeFhZEArEE4_qa4XD2F4vLy3z8MkxAjOtEkMCT.teueCOwTUKjm4RHlcXU.zG19ODFf5GaNa2_1eHOI3QIkSS0TVeTFgc4yjBuF3gfSJhVccrbbv5LSBC0F8zV4aHX300kyhjvqJoe9HyWRKAvMmFDedQGulb0H9ki266xzx2NUAkddSS3rkvFMw2bYaQU42ekVT5C8HuPLkqImYwIaEBjdS382Yv1x8xTTiL6cmKPuskASVNY8h0nnDa9ag5nCw_98CmUrf0p5ezmRp8xj.cb16pW42a00qn3qKtZVv04N0ypaF2w8QdqSGsM9d4y6z622zHrjZAfahjVU49EVRNKaBUNTv6vUcMybWCxAhqqjrVLrcJ4VwcK_g1BOVU7o8bzi4xZow5uq7q9CvXxwYMQp7_RUfLopNhNdJF13bsi8X4AynJoL8osFJNvxbHfOYkFbKLQzJzWaFWNE684KgwWn1E2uLfsiHsz9jdGXx7vw8fg0XYJXVT7.xdRSfhBVUnmE1Jk60.9anPsmC9gsrmMRh9Yu0DfT.77UKQX.rOujb8sg7kwl5"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9136a5786b523e17';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=synchronous%20machine%20parameters&page=10&__cf_chl_rt_tk=EI0uQ9bX5lpGZvsaBSidacEy5wAXIWDip6Nlcjarx8Y-1739804419-1.0.1.1-49ziyMsmJJhibdgU2sESf69CHff9TQu0I_.Gl.UYrXc" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>