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communities</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: challenge communities"> <meta name="keywords" content="challenge communities"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="challenge communities"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 5108</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: challenge communities</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5108</span> Developing a Model for Information Giving Behavior in Virtual Communities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pui-Lai%20To">Pui-Lai To</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chechen%20Liao"> Chechen Liao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tzu-Ling%20Lin"> Tzu-Ling Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Virtual communities have created a range of new social spaces in which to meet and interact with one another. Both as a stand-alone model or as a supplement to sustain competitive advantage for normal business models, building virtual communities has been hailed as one of the major strategic innovations of the new economy. However for a virtual community to evolve, the biggest challenge is how to make members actively give information or provide advice. Even in busy virtual communities, usually, only a small fraction of members post information actively. In order to investigate the determinants of information giving willingness of those contributors who usually actively provide their opinions, we proposed a model to understand the reasons for contribution in communities. The study will definitely serve as a basis for the future growth of information giving in virtual communities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20giving" title="information giving">information giving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20identity" title=" social identity"> social identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trust" title=" trust"> trust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20community" title=" virtual community"> virtual community</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50884/developing-a-model-for-information-giving-behavior-in-virtual-communities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50884.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">322</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5107</span> Spatiotemporal Community Detection and Analysis of Associations among Overlapping Communities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=JooYoung%20Lee">JooYoung Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasheed%20Hussain"> Rasheed Hussain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Understanding the relationships among communities of users is the key to blueprint the evolution of human society. Majority of people are equipped with GPS devices, such as smart phones and smart cars, which can trace their whereabouts. In this paper, we discover communities of device users based on real locations in a given time frame. We, then, study the associations of discovered communities, referred to as temporal communities, and generate temporal and probabilistic association rules. The rules describe how strong communities are associated. By studying the generated rules, we can automatically extract underlying hierarchies of communities and permanent communities such as work places. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=association%20rules" title="association rules">association rules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20detection" title=" community detection"> community detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evolution%20of%20communities" title=" evolution of communities"> evolution of communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatiotemporal" title=" spatiotemporal"> spatiotemporal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62840/spatiotemporal-community-detection-and-analysis-of-associations-among-overlapping-communities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62840.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5106</span> Whose Education Is It? Developing Communities Left Out in Framing Higher Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muwanga%20Zake">Muwanga Zake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johnnie%20Wycliffe%20Frank"> Johnnie Wycliffe Frank</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Developing communities accommodating institutions of Higher Education (HE) often have no capacity to pay for HE and so do not contribute values and do not participate in Quality Assurance. Only governments, academia, employers and professional organisations determine values, QA and curricula in HE. A gap between the values in HE and those desirable in local communities and environments leads to erroneous conceptions of the purposes of HE, and to graduates who hardly fit into those local communities. Unemployment and under-utilization of local resources are thus expected. As a way to improve and make HE more relevant for local communities and environment, public perceptions, values and needs should be researched and HE courses should relate with local values and environments. Communities should participate in QA. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=values" title="values">values</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20assurance" title=" quality assurance"> quality assurance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education" title=" higher education"> higher education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=utilization" title=" utilization"> utilization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24302/whose-education-is-it-developing-communities-left-out-in-framing-higher-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24302.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">449</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5105</span> The Antecedents of Continued Usage on Social-Oriented Virtual Communities Based on Automaticity Mechanism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsiu-Hua%20Cheng">Hsiu-Hua Cheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, the number of social-oriented virtual communities users has increased significantly. Corporate investment in advertising on social-oriented virtual communities increases quickly. With the gigantic commercial value of the digital market, competitions between virtual communities are keen. In this context, how to retain existing customers to continue using social-oriented virtual communities is an urgent issue for virtual community managers. This study employs the perspective of automaticity mechanism and combines the social embeddedness theory with the literature of involvement and habit in order to explore antecedents of users’ continuous usage on social-oriented virtual communities. The results can be a reference for scholars and managers of social-oriented virtual communities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continued%20usage" title="continued usage">continued usage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=habit" title=" habit"> habit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20embeddedness" title=" social embeddedness"> social embeddedness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=involvement" title=" involvement"> involvement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20community" title=" virtual community"> virtual community</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35621/the-antecedents-of-continued-usage-on-social-oriented-virtual-communities-based-on-automaticity-mechanism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35621.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5104</span> Blockchain Technology Security Evaluation: Voting System Based on Blockchain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omid%20Amini">Omid Amini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, technology plays the most important role in the life of human beings because people use technology to share data and to communicate with each other, but the challenge is the security of this data. For instance, as more people turn to technology in the world, more data is generated, and more hackers try to steal or infiltrate data. In addition, the data is under the control of the central authority, which can trigger the challenge of losing information and changing information; this can create widespread anxiety for different people in different communities. In this paper, we sought to investigate Blockchain technology that can guarantee information security and eliminate the challenge of central authority access to information. Now a day, people are suffering from the current voting system. This means that the lack of transparency in the voting system is a big problem for society and the government in most countries, but blockchain technology can be the best alternative to the previous voting system methods because it removes the most important challenge for voting. According to the results, this research can be a good start to getting acquainted with this new technology, especially on the security part and familiarity with how to use a voting system based on blockchain in the world. At the end of this research, it is concluded that the use of blockchain technology can solve the major security problem and lead to a secure and transparent election. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockchain" title="blockchain">blockchain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology" title=" technology"> technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information" title=" information"> information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voting%20system" title=" voting system"> voting system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transparency" title=" transparency"> transparency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162928/blockchain-technology-security-evaluation-voting-system-based-on-blockchain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162928.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5103</span> Re-Emergence of Religious Militancy in Pakistan after Return of Afghan Taliban to Power Corridors in Afghanistan (2021-2022)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Sibtain%20Hussain%20Shah">Syed Sibtain Hussain Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Afghan Taliban returned to power corridors in Afghanistan in August 2021 after waging a twenty-year insurgency in the country. U.S.-led forces completed their withdrawal from Afghanistan on August 30, 2021, but the Taliban took control of the whole country till August 15, 2021. At the same time, some of the militant groups such as Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) and Islamic State Khurasan (IS-K) reappeared in Pakistan’s borders and other areas and by increasing attacks on the armed forces of Pakistan and minorities communities. These groups once again created a crucial challenge to the internal security of the country. Since mid of 2021, many of the terrorist incidents in the countries specified in the areas of Pakistan bordering Afghanistan were committed by TTP and IS-K. The aim of this paper is to investigate the reappearance of TTP and IS-K in 2021 and 2022 as a crucial threat to the internal security of Pakistan. The author will particularly probe threats to the security of military personnel and their installations and threats to human security, including danger to religious minority communities in the different areas of the country, including border areas such as Waziristan, which was once a hub of TTP and other militant groups in the 2000s. The author will employ the relevant method and appropriate theories of security studies, such as religious extremism and terrorism, in this study. TTP, inspired by the Afghan Taliban, initially emerged in Pakistan in 2007 and this group has so far targeted various religious and ethnic communities and government installations in Pakistan. The group is not only against Pakistan’s government policies, but it also committed terrorist attacks on the communities of the other Muslim sects and as well as non-Muslim communities. Most of the prominent figures of this violent group disappeared or escaped to Afghanistan after military actions, such as the larger “Zarb-e-Azb” operation in Pakistan in 2015. IS-K, which established its branch of Khurasan covering Pakistan and Afghanistan in 2015, with its main formation in Iraq and Syria in 2015, by targeting religious minorities such as Shia Muslims, has so far created a vital security challenge for the security of the country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afghanistan" title=" Afghanistan"> Afghanistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afghan%20Taliban" title=" Afghan Taliban"> Afghan Taliban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistani%20Taliban" title=" Pakistani Taliban"> Pakistani Taliban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Islamic%20state%20Khorasan" title=" Islamic state Khorasan"> Islamic state Khorasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20threat" title=" security threat"> security threat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160461/re-emergence-of-religious-militancy-in-pakistan-after-return-of-afghan-taliban-to-power-corridors-in-afghanistan-2021-2022" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5102</span> Detecting Geographically Dispersed Overlay Communities Using Community Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madhushi%20Bandara">Madhushi Bandara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dharshana%20Kasthurirathna"> Dharshana Kasthurirathna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danaja%20Maldeniya"> Danaja Maldeniya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahendra%20Piraveenan"> Mahendra Piraveenan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Community detection is an extremely useful technique in understanding the structure and function of a social network. Louvain algorithm, which is based on Newman-Girman modularity optimization technique, is extensively used as a computationally efficient method extract the communities in social networks. It has been suggested that the nodes that are in close geographical proximity have a higher tendency of forming communities. Variants of the Newman-Girman modularity measure such as dist-modularity try to normalize the effect of geographical proximity to extract geographically dispersed communities, at the expense of losing the information about the geographically proximate communities. In this work, we propose a method to extract geographically dispersed communities while preserving the information about the geographically proximate communities, by analyzing the ‘community network’, where the centroids of communities would be considered as network nodes. We suggest that the inter-community link strengths, which are normalized over the community sizes, may be used to identify and extract the ‘overlay communities’. The overlay communities would have relatively higher link strengths, despite being relatively apart in their spatial distribution. We apply this method to the Gowalla online social network, which contains the geographical signatures of its users, and identify the overlay communities within it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20networks" title="social networks">social networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20detection" title=" community detection"> community detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modularity%20optimization" title=" modularity optimization"> modularity optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographically%20dispersed%20communities" title=" geographically dispersed communities"> geographically dispersed communities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55105/detecting-geographically-dispersed-overlay-communities-using-community-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55105.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">235</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5101</span> Quantifying Stability of Online Communities and Its Impact on Disinformation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20Chomel">Victor Chomel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maziyar%20Panahi"> Maziyar Panahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Chavalarias"> David Chavalarias</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Misinformation has taken an increasingly worrying place in social media. Propagation patterns are closely linked to the structure of communities. This study proposes a method of community analysis based on a combination of centrality indicators for the network and its main communities. The objective is to establish a link between the stability of the communities over time, the social ascension of its members internally, and the propagation of information in the community. To this end, data from the debates about global warming and political communities on Twitter have been collected, and several tens of millions of tweets and retweets have helped us better understand the structure of these communities. The quantification of this stability allows for the study of the propagation of information of any kind, including disinformation. Our results indicate that the most stable communities over time are the ones that enable the establishment of nodes capturing a large part of the information and broadcasting its opinions. Conversely, communities with a high turnover and social ascendancy only stabilize themselves strongly in the face of adversity and external events but seem to offer a greater diversity of opinions most of the time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20analysis" title="community analysis">community analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disinformation" title=" disinformation"> disinformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=misinformation" title=" misinformation"> misinformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Twitter" title=" Twitter"> Twitter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128710/quantifying-stability-of-online-communities-and-its-impact-on-disinformation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128710.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5100</span> Relationship Quality, Value Creation Practices and Brand Loyalty in Virtual Communities: Evidence from Facebook Communities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zoya%20Khan">Zoya Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amina%20Muzaffar"> Amina Muzaffar </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Social media based brand communities are communities that are developed around a brand. In the highly globalized world of today, Facebook is undoubtedly being regarded and has been widely recognized as a trendy and well-accepted medium of marketing. By means of a Facebook fan page, organizations can effectually create, enhance, and sustain customer-brand relationship. In this article, we explore whether brand communities based on social media (a special type of online brand communities) have positive effects on the main community elements and value creation practices in the communities as well as on brand trust and brand loyalty. A survey was conducted and 201 valid responses were used for analysis. The results of structural equation modeling show that brand communities established on social media have positive effects on value creation practices. Brand use, impression management practices and brand identification has an impact on brand trust and this brand trust then further leads to brand loyalty. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relationship%20quality" title="relationship quality">relationship quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impression%20management%20practices" title=" impression management practices"> impression management practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brand%20identification" title=" brand identification"> brand identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brand%20trust" title=" brand trust"> brand trust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brand%20loyalty" title=" brand loyalty"> brand loyalty</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15903/relationship-quality-value-creation-practices-and-brand-loyalty-in-virtual-communities-evidence-from-facebook-communities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15903.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">474</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5099</span> Active Development of Tacit Knowledge Using Social Media and Learning Communities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Zanetich">John Zanetich</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper uses a pragmatic research approach to investigate the relationships between Active Development of Tacit Knowledge (ADTK), social media (Facebook) and classroom learning communities. This paper investigates the use of learning communities and social media as the context and means for changing tacit knowledge to explicit and presents a dynamic model of the development of a classroom learning community. The goal of this study is to identify the point that explicit knowledge is converted to tacit knowledge and to test a way to quantify the exchange using social media and learning communities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tacit%20knowledge" title="tacit knowledge">tacit knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20management" title=" knowledge management"> knowledge management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=college%20programs" title=" college programs"> college programs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experiential%20learning" title=" experiential learning"> experiential learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20communities" title=" learning communities"> learning communities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47471/active-development-of-tacit-knowledge-using-social-media-and-learning-communities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47471.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5098</span> Explaining the Changes in Contentious Politics of China: A Comparative Study of Falun Gong and 'Diaosi'</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Larry%20Lai">Larry Lai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evans%20Leung"> Evans Leung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Falun gong is a self-proclaimed religious group that has been under crackdown by Beijing for more than two decades. Diaosi, on the other hand, is an emerging community with members loosely connected on the internet through different online social platforms, centering around the sharing of different hobbies and interests. Diaosi community has been transformed from a potential threat to the Chinese authority for different causes to a pro-government force. This paper seeks to explain the different strategies adopted by the People's Republic of China (PRC) regime in handling these two potential threatening communities. Both communities share some obvious similarities: (1) both have massive nation-wide participation; (2) both have attempted to challenge the PRC's authority through contentious means; (3) both have high level of mobility, online or offline; and (4) both have at first been unnoticed until the threat against the PRC have taken form. But the strategies the PRC endorsed against the communities were, in many ways, different. The question is: if the strategy against Falun Gong has been an effective one, why used other strategies against Diaosi? The authors argue that the main reason for using different strategies lies in the differences between the two communities in terms of (i) the nature of the groups, and (ii) the group dynamics. Lastly, based on this analysis, the authors attempt to explore the possible strategies that the PRC would adopt against the Hong Kong cyber-world political community in light of the latest national security law in Hong Kong. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contentious%20politics" title="contentious politics">contentious politics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diaosi" title=" Diaosi"> Diaosi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Falun%20Gong" title=" Falun Gong"> Falun Gong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Kong" title=" Hong Kong"> Hong Kong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=People%27s%20Republic%20of%20China" title=" People's Republic of China"> People's Republic of China</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127836/explaining-the-changes-in-contentious-politics-of-china-a-comparative-study-of-falun-gong-and-diaosi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127836.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5097</span> Working Effectively with Muslim Communities in the West</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lisa%20Tribuzio">Lisa Tribuzio</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores the complexity of working with Muslim communities in Australia. It will draw upon the notions of belonging, social inclusion and effective community programming to engage Muslim communities in Western environments given the current global political climate. Factors taken into consideration for effective engagement include: family engagement, considering key practices such as Ramadan, fasting and prayer and food requirements, gender relations, core values around faith and spirituality, considering attitudes towards self disclosure in a counseling setting and the notion of Us and Them in the media and systems and its effect on minority communities. It will explore recent research in the field from Australian researchers as well as recommendations from United Nations in working with Muslim communities. It will also explore current practice models applied in Australia in engaging effectively with diverse communities and addressing racism and discrimination in innovative ways. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muslim" title="Muslim">Muslim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20diversity" title=" cultural diversity"> cultural diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20inclusion" title=" social inclusion"> social inclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=racism" title=" racism"> racism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32921/working-effectively-with-muslim-communities-in-the-west" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32921.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">420</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5096</span> Research on the Planning and Design of National Park Gateway Communities from the Perspective of Nature Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yulin%20Liang">Yulin Liang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Under the background of protecting ecology, natural education is an effective way for people to understand nature. At the same time, it is a new means of sustainable development of eco-tourism, which can improve the functions of China's protected areas and develop new business formats for the development of national parks. This study takes national park gateway communities as the research object and uses literature review, inductive reasoning and other research methods to sort out the development process of natural education in China and the research progress of natural education design in national park gateway communities. Finally, we discuss how gateway communities can use natural education to transform their development methods and provide a theoretical and practical basis for the development of gateway communities in national parks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20education" title="natural education">natural education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gateway%20communities" title=" gateway communities"> gateway communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20parks" title=" national parks"> national parks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172896/research-on-the-planning-and-design-of-national-park-gateway-communities-from-the-perspective-of-nature-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172896.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">66</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5095</span> Research on Community-based Nature Education Design at the Gateway Communities of National Parks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yulin%20Liang">Yulin Liang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Under the background of protecting ecology, natural education is an effective way for people to understand nature. At the same time, it is a new means of sustainable development of eco-tourism, which can improve the functions of China 's protected areas and develop new business formats for the development of national parks. This study takes national park gateway communities as the research object and uses literature review, inductive reasoning and other research methods to sort out the development process of natural education in China and the research progress of natural education design in national park gateway communities. Finally, it discuss how gateway communities can use natural education to transform their development methods and provide theoretical and practical basis for the development of gateway communities in national parks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nature%20education" title="nature education">nature education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gateway%20communities" title=" gateway communities"> gateway communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20park" title=" national park"> national park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173284/research-on-community-based-nature-education-design-at-the-gateway-communities-of-national-parks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173284.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5094</span> A Quantitative Study of the Evolution of Open Source Software Communities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Martinez-Torres">M. R. Martinez-Torres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20L.%20Toral"> S. L. Toral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Olmedilla"> M. Olmedilla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Typically, virtual communities exhibit the well-known phenomenon of participation inequality, which means that only a small percentage of users is responsible of the majority of contributions. However, the sustainability of the community requires that the group of active users must be continuously nurtured with new users that gain expertise through a participation process. This paper analyzes the time evolution of Open Source Software (OSS) communities, considering users that join/abandon the community over time and several topological properties of the network when modeled as a social network. More specifically, the paper analyzes the role of those users rejoining the community and their influence in the global characteristics of the network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20source%20communities" title="open source communities">open source communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20network%20Analysis" title=" social network Analysis"> social network Analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20series" title=" time series"> time series</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20communities" title=" virtual communities"> virtual communities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21809/a-quantitative-study-of-the-evolution-of-open-source-software-communities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21809.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">523</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5093</span> Environmental Education Programmes in Oil Producing Indigenous Communities in Ogoniland, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lele%20Dominic%20Dummene">Lele Dominic Dummene</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Economic development and environmental development have been a long-lasting debate between capitalist and environmentalist. It is also seen as a debate between modernisation, globalisation at one end, and environmental justice at the other end. Our society today is moving rapidly towards development and increased industrial revolutions, and globalisation. Indigenous communities in Ogoniland are also experiencing such development due to multinationals’ exploration of crude oil in the communities. The oil exploration activities have caused environmental, socio-economic, health, and political problems in indigenous communities in Ogoniland. These issues require depth understanding from all sectors (public, government, and corporate sectors) to address them. Hence, this paper presents the types of environmental education programs used in indigenous communities in Ogoniland to address environmental issues and other problems caused by oil exploration in Ogoniland, Nigeria. These environmental education programs contributes to environmental policy creation, development of environmental curriculum, and pragmatic actions towards mitigating environmental degradation and related environmental socio-economic and political issues in indigenous communities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20education" title="environmental education">environmental education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indigenous%20communities" title=" indigenous communities"> indigenous communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20problems" title=" environmental problems"> environmental problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ogoniland" title=" ogoniland"> ogoniland</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153481/environmental-education-programmes-in-oil-producing-indigenous-communities-in-ogoniland-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5092</span> Endogenous Development and Sustainable Perspectives: The Case of Traditional Communities Located around the Area of Management of Precious Wood Amazon</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D%C3%A9bora%20Ramos%20Santiago">Débora Ramos Santiago</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Endogenous development usually apresent a deep approach to locational aspects, considering the potential, knowledge and the workforce, as encouragement to articulate the entire productive activity of a community. In the case of communities located around the area of management of the company Precious Wood Amazon (PWA), their endogenous development is subject to the dynamic of this company, which operates a certified way, seeking alternatives to mitigate and compensate the damages caused by its activities. This article soughts to present the socio-economic and environmental challenges to promote of the endogenous development of these communities, identifying the relationship of the PWA in this process. The communities analyzed emerge with poor socioeconomic conditions, futhermore, their ecosystem characteristics differ spatially from each other, which modifies the entire production dynamics. The family agriculture was an important source of income, but needs investment and technical assistance. The participation of PWA in the promotion of the endogenous development of the communities was proved significant, because of the intense sustainable actions practice by PWA. Many are the challenges that exist in these communities, so its fundamental to elaborate public policies to these specific areas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endogenous%20development" title="endogenous development">endogenous development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20communities" title=" traditional communities"> traditional communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amazon" title=" Amazon"> Amazon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PWA" title=" PWA"> PWA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20188/endogenous-development-and-sustainable-perspectives-the-case-of-traditional-communities-located-around-the-area-of-management-of-precious-wood-amazon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20188.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5091</span> The Internet and Transformation of Epistemic Communities: An Exploratory Review of Communication Research between 2002 and 2022</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dayei%20Oh">Dayei Oh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feeza%20Vasudeva"> Feeza Vasudeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narges%20Azizi%20Fard"> Narges Azizi Fard</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Drawing on the Foucauldian conception of episteme, epistemic communities refer to a community in which members share common frames of epistemic reference, delineating the proper construction of social realities for their members. One of the most cited definitions of epistemic communities is a group of professionals possessing acknowledged expertise and proficiency in a specific field, influencing policymaking and governance. More recently, the advancement of the Internet has changed the way society produces, disseminates, and consumes knowledge. Against this backdrop, this literature review explores the ways in which online epistemic communities are studied in communication scholarship between 2002 and 2022. Examining 92 peer-reviewed journal articles from the Web of Science database, three research objectives have been addressed: (1) geographical contexts, platforms, and methods that are studied in communication research, (2) different types of epistemic communities, and (3) prevailing themes and concepts that are related to the research of the chosen epistemic communities. This research demonstrates increasing scholarly attention towards the lay public as prominent online epistemic communities along with more conventional epistemic communities such as academia and journalists, hinting at how the Internet provides epistemic capacities for negotiating the boundaries of epistemic authority and competencies between experts and lay people. Through qualitative reading of these papers, the findings show that communication research tends to approach epistemic communities of the political left and right asymmetrically: The right-wing epistemic communities are studied in connection with mis/disinformation, conspiracy theories, populist rejection of authoritative epistemologies, whereas the left-wing communities are studied as emancipatory epistemic struggles and activism against Western, colonial, white, and male-centric knowledge systems. This points to a grave need for communication and multidisciplinary scholarship to investigate such uncharted characters of right- and left-wing epistemic communities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20research" title="communication research">communication research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internet" title=" internet"> internet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge" title=" knowledge"> knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20epistemic%20communities" title=" online epistemic communities"> online epistemic communities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183323/the-internet-and-transformation-of-epistemic-communities-an-exploratory-review-of-communication-research-between-2002-and-2022" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183323.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">51</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5090</span> Solar-Powered Water Purification Using Ozone and Sand Filtration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kayla%20Youhanaie">Kayla Youhanaie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenneth%20Dott"> Kenneth Dott</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Greg%20Gillis-Smith"> Greg Gillis-Smith</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Access to clean water is a global challenge that affects nearly one-third of the world’s population. A lack of safe drinking water negatively affects a person’s health, safety, and economic status. However, many regions of the world that face this clean water challenge also have high solar energy potential. To address this worldwide issue and utilize available resources, a solar-powered water purification device was developed that could be implemented in communities around the world that lack access to potable water. The device uses ozone to destroy water-borne pathogens and sand filtration to filter out particulates from the water. To select the best method for this application, a quantitative energy efficiency comparison of three water purification methods was conducted: heat, UV light, and ozone. After constructing an initial prototype, the efficacy of the device was tested using agar petri dishes to test for bacteria growth in treated water samples at various time intervals after applying the device to contaminated water. The results demonstrated that the water purification device successfully removed all bacteria and particulates from the water within three minutes, making it safe for human consumption. These results, as well as the proposed design that utilizes widely available resources in target communities, suggest that the device is a sustainable solution to address the global water crisis and could improve the quality of life for millions of people worldwide. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clean%20water" title="clean water">clean water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20powered%20water%20purification" title=" solar powered water purification"> solar powered water purification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ozonation" title=" ozonation"> ozonation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sand%20filtration" title=" sand filtration"> sand filtration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20water%20crisis" title=" global water crisis"> global water crisis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162398/solar-powered-water-purification-using-ozone-and-sand-filtration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162398.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5089</span> Exploration of Community Space Environment Renewal Strategies Based on the Concept of Disaster Chain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ma%20Chaoyang">Ma Chaoyang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the acceleration of urbanization, old communities are facing renewal problems such as an aging material environment, declining living quality, and insufficient resilience. The once glorious old communities have become the most vulnerable areas in the city. Through a re-understanding of the ‘disaster chain’ and resilient communities, it is believed that considering the construction of resilient communities during community renewal is of great significance for promoting the sustainable development of communities. This article proposes renewal strategies for old communities based on the concept of preventing the occurrence of disaster chains. After analyzing the main demand characteristics of old communities, it proposes a reflection on improving community spatial safety resilience based on the ‘broken chain’ concept. In the four stages of ‘pre-disaster, mid-disaster, and post-disaster’, it elaborates that considering the occurrence of disaster chain in community renewal is the main content of research on spatial safety resilience construction and clarifies that community resilience is the idea and principle of responding with the process of disaster chain. The study focuses on the four dimensions of ‘pre-disaster, mid-disaster, and post-disaster’. This can provide ideas and references for resilience construction in community updates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20updates" title="community updates">community updates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster%20chain%20concept" title=" disaster chain concept"> disaster chain concept</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20resilience" title=" community resilience"> community resilience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20environment" title=" space environment"> space environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184627/exploration-of-community-space-environment-renewal-strategies-based-on-the-concept-of-disaster-chain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184627.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">51</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5088</span> Characteristics of Domestic Sewage in Small Urban Communities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shohreh%20Azizi">Shohreh Azizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Memory%20Tekere"> Memory Tekere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wag%20Nel"> Wag Nel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An evaluation of the characteristics of wastewater generated from small communities was carried out in relation to decentralized approach for domestic sewage treatment plant and design of biological nutrient removal system. The study included the survey of the waste from various individual communities such as a hotel, a residential complex, an office premise, and an educational institute. The results indicate that the concentration of organic pollutant in wastewater from the residential complex is higher than the waste from all the other communities with COD 664 mg/l, BOD 370.2 mg/l and TSS 248.8 mg/l. And the waste water from office premise indicates low organic load with COD428 mg/l, BOD 232mg/l and TSS 157mg/l. The wastewater from residential complex was studied under activated sludge process to evaluate this technology for decentralized wastewater treatment. The Activated sludge process was operated at different 12to 4 hrs hydraulic retention times and the optimum 6 hrs HRT was selected, therefore the average reduction of COD (85.92%) and BOD (91.28 %) was achieved. The issue of sludge recycling, maintenance of biomass concentration and high HRT reactor (10 L) volume are making the system non-practical for smaller communities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title="wastewater">wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20communities" title=" small communities"> small communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=activated%20sludge%20process" title=" activated sludge process"> activated sludge process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decentralized%20system" title=" decentralized system"> decentralized system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41627/characteristics-of-domestic-sewage-in-small-urban-communities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41627.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5087</span> Detecting Port Maritime Communities in Spain with Complex Network Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicanor%20Garcia%20Alvarez">Nicanor Garcia Alvarez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belarmino%20Adenso-Diaz"> Belarmino Adenso-Diaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Calzada%20Infante"> Laura Calzada Infante</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, researchers have shown an interest in modelling maritime traffic as a complex network. In this paper, we propose a bipartite weighted network to model maritime traffic and detect port maritime communities. The bipartite weighted network considers two different types of nodes. The first one represents Spanish ports, while the second one represents the countries with which there is major import/export activity. The flow among both types of nodes is modeled by weighting the volume of product transported. To illustrate the model, the data is segmented by each type of traffic. This will allow fine tuning and the creation of communities for each type of traffic and therefore finding similar ports for a specific type of traffic, which will provide decision-makers with tools to search for alliances or identify their competitors. The traffic with the greatest impact on the Spanish gross domestic product is selected, and the evolution of the communities formed by the most important ports and their differences between 2019 and 2009 will be analyzed. Finally, the set of communities formed by the ports of the Spanish port system will be inspected to determine global similarities between them, analyzing the sum of the membership of the different ports in communities formed for each type of traffic in particular. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bipartite%20networks" title="bipartite networks">bipartite networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competition" title=" competition"> competition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infomap" title=" infomap"> infomap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maritime%20traffic" title=" maritime traffic"> maritime traffic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=port%20communities" title=" port communities"> port communities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128267/detecting-port-maritime-communities-in-spain-with-complex-network-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128267.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5086</span> Multidimensional Inequality and Deprivation Among Tribal Communities of Andhra Pradesh, India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjay%20Sinha">Sanjay Sinha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Umair%20Khan"> Mohd Umair Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The level of income inequality in India has been worrisome as the World Inequality Report termed it as a “poor and unequal country, with an affluent elite”. As important as income is to understand inequality and deprivation, it is just one dimension. But the historical roots and current realities of inequality and deprivation in India lies in many of the non-income dimensions such as housing, nutrition, education, agency, sense of inclusion etc. which are often ignored, especially in solution-oriented research. The level of inequality and deprivation among the tribal is one such case. There is a corpus of literature establishing that the tribal communities in India are disadvantageous on various grounds. Given their rural geography, issues of access and quality of basic facilities such as education and healthcare are often unaddressed. COVID-19 has further exacerbated this challenge and climate change will make it even more worrying. With this background, a succinct measurement tool at the village level is necessary to design short to medium-term actions with reference to risk mitigation for tribal communities. This research paper examines the level of inequality and deprivation among the tribal communities in the rural areas of Andhra Pradesh state of India using a Multidimensional Inequality and Deprivation Index based on the Alkire-Foster methodology. The methodology is theoretically grounded in the capability approach propounded by Amartya Sen, emphasizing on achieving the “beings and doings” (functionings) an individual reason to value. In the index, the authors have five domains, including Livelihood, Food Security, Education, Health and Housing and these domains are divided into sixteen indicators. This assessment is followed by domain-wise short-term and long-term solutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andhra%20Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alkire-Foster%20methodology" title=" Alkire-Foster methodology"> Alkire-Foster methodology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deprivation" title=" deprivation"> deprivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inequality" title=" inequality"> inequality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multidimensionality" title=" multidimensionality"> multidimensionality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poverty" title=" poverty"> poverty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tribal" title=" tribal"> tribal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146708/multidimensional-inequality-and-deprivation-among-tribal-communities-of-andhra-pradesh-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146708.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5085</span> The Ultimate Challenge of Teaching Nursing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Crin%20N.%20Marcean">Crin N. Marcean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mihaela%20A.%20Alexandru"> Mihaela A. Alexandru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eugenia%20S.%20Cristescu"> Eugenia S. Cristescu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> By definition, nursing means caring. It is a profession within the health care sector focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain or recover optimal health and quality of life. However, there is a subtle difference between the two: nursing is widely considered as an art and a science, wherein caring forms the theoretical framework of nursing. Nursing and caring are grounded in a relational understanding, unity, and connection between the professional nurse and the patient. Task-oriented approaches challenge nurses in keeping care in nursing. This challenge is on-going as professional nurses strive to maintain the concept, art, and act of caring as the moral centre of the nursing profession. Keeping the care in nursing involves the application of art and science through theoretical concepts, scientific research, conscious commitment to the art of caring as an identity of nursing, and purposeful efforts to include caring behaviours during each nurse-patient interaction. The competencies, abilities, as well as the psycho-motor, cognitive, and relational skills necessary for the nursing practice are conveyed and improved by the nursing teachers’ art of teaching. They must select and use the teaching methods which shape the personalities of the trainers or students, enabling them to provide individualized, personalized care in real-world context of health problems. They have the ultimate responsibility of shaping the future health care system by educating skilful nurses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=art%20of%20nursing" title="art of nursing">art of nursing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20care" title=" health care"> health care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher-student%20relationship" title=" teacher-student relationship"> teacher-student relationship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20innovations" title=" teaching innovations"> teaching innovations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30152/the-ultimate-challenge-of-teaching-nursing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30152.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">497</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5084</span> Natural Emergence of a Core Structure in Networks via Clique Percolation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Melka">A. Melka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Slater"> N. Slater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Mualem"> A. Mualem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Louzoun"> Y. Louzoun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Networks are often presented as containing a “core” and a “periphery.” The existence of a core suggests that some vertices are central and form the skeleton of the network, to which all other vertices are connected. An alternative view of graphs is through communities. Multiple measures have been proposed for dense communities in graphs, the most classical being k-cliques, k-cores, and k-plexes, all presenting groups of tightly connected vertices. We here show that the edge number thresholds for such communities to emerge and for their percolation into a single dense connectivity component are very close, in all networks studied. These percolating cliques produce a natural core and periphery structure. This result is generic and is tested in configuration models and in real-world networks. This is also true for k-cores and k-plexes. Thus, the emergence of this connectedness among communities leading to a core is not dependent on some specific mechanism but a direct result of the natural percolation of dense communities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cliques" title="cliques">cliques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=core%20structure" title=" core structure"> core structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=percolation" title=" percolation"> percolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase%20transition" title=" phase transition"> phase transition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102098/natural-emergence-of-a-core-structure-in-networks-via-clique-percolation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102098.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5083</span> Decolonialism: Addressing Colonial Legacies and Challenging Dominant Narratives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20Amorim%20Da%20Silva">Patricia Amorim Da Silva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores the ongoing process of decolonialism, focusing on addressing the lasting consequences of colonialism. Centred on identity within marginalized communities, the study challenges Eurocentric frameworks and advocates for diverse perspectives. Emphasizing critical self-awareness among researchers regarding biases in their work, decolonialism influences feminist theory and global counter-publics. At its core is the concept of epistemicide, the intentional suppression of knowledge in unequal cultural interactions. Colonial imposition has devalued local knowledge, contributing to cultural loss and undermining autonomy. The paper underscores the importance of reclaiming indigenous knowledge to revitalize local cultures and languages, particularly pertinent to the Brazilian context. This contribution to the discourse on decolonialism underscores the imperative to challenge prevailing narratives and empower historically subordinated communities. The study aspires to advance feminist theory and decolonial studies, fostering a more equitable and inclusive global society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decolonialism" title="decolonialism">decolonialism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colonial%20legacies" title=" colonial legacies"> colonial legacies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity" title=" identity"> identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eurocentrism" title=" Eurocentrism"> Eurocentrism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epistemicide" title=" epistemicide"> epistemicide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176647/decolonialism-addressing-colonial-legacies-and-challenging-dominant-narratives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176647.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">60</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5082</span> Bestination: A Sustainable Approach to Conflict Management for Buddhist Entrepreneurs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navarat%20Sachayansrisakul">Navarat Sachayansrisakul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nattawat%20Ponnara"> Nattawat Ponnara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human beings are driving forces for any unit of societies, whether it would be in a family, communities, industries or even organizations. However, as our humanity progresses, the reliance has shifted from human to machineries and technologies. One main challenge when dealing with more than one person is conflict often resulted. If the conflict is properly managed, then economic development also follows. In order to achieve positive outcome of conflict, it is believed that the management comes from within individual entrepreneurs. As such, this is a unique study as it looks into the spiritual side of humans as business people and applies to the business environment with the focus on moral and ethical framework in order for sustainable development. This study aims to provide a model of how to positively manage conflict without compromising the ethical and moral standards of the businesses. Sustainability in this study is achieved through the Buddhists’ aim for liberation in which it works on the balanced approach to solving conflict. Buddhists’ livelihood is established on simplicity and non-violence while contributing not to only one’s self but those around them such as the stake holders of the businesses and the communities. According to Buddhist principles and some findings, a model called ‘The Bestination Conflict Management’ was developed. Bestination model offers an alternative approach for entrepreneurs to achieve sustainability along with intrinsic and extrinsic rewards that benefit the well-beings of the owners, the stakeholders and the communities involved. This research study identifies ‘Conflict Management’ model as having goodwill and wisdom as a base, then moral motivation as the next level up to have a disciplines in order to keep a unit well cooperated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable" title="sustainable">sustainable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurs" title=" entrepreneurs"> entrepreneurs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buddhist" title=" Buddhist"> Buddhist</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moral" title=" moral"> moral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethics" title=" ethics"> ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflict" title=" conflict"> conflict</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74014/bestination-a-sustainable-approach-to-conflict-management-for-buddhist-entrepreneurs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5081</span> Form of Social Quality Moving Process of Suburb Communities in a Changing World</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Supannee%20Chaiumporn">Supannee Chaiumporn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article is to introduce the meaning and form of social quality moving process as indicated by members of two suburb communities with different social and cultural contexts. The form of social quality moving process is very significant for the community and social development, because it will make the people living together with sustainable happiness. This is a qualitative study involving 30 key-informants from two suburb communities. Data were collected though key-informant interviews, and analyzed using logical content description and descriptive statistics. This research found that on the social quality component, the people in both communities stressed the procedure for social quality-making. This includes the generousness, sharing and assisting among people in the communities. These practices helped making people to live together with sustainable happiness. Living as a family or appear to be a family is the major social characteristic of these two communities. This research also found that form of social quality’s moving process of both communities stress relation of human and nature; “nature overpower humans” paradigm and influence of religious doctrine that emphasizes relations among humans. Both criteria make the form of social’s moving process simple, adaptive to nature and caring for opinion sharing and understanding among each other before action. This form of social quality’s moving process is composed of 4 steps; (1) awareness building, (2) motivation to change, (3) participation from every party concerned (4) self-reliance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20quality" title="social quality">social quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=form%20of%20social%20quality%20moving%20process" title=" form of social quality moving process"> form of social quality moving process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=happiness" title=" happiness"> happiness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=different%20social%20and%20cultural%20context" title=" different social and cultural context"> different social and cultural context</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21903/form-of-social-quality-moving-process-of-suburb-communities-in-a-changing-world" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21903.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5080</span> Zero Net Energy Communities and the Impacts to the Grid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heidi%20von%20Korff">Heidi von Korff</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The electricity grid is changing in terms of flexibility. Distributed generation (DG) policy is being discussed worldwide and implemented. Developers and utilities are seeking a pathway towards Zero Net Energy (ZNE) communities and the interconnection to the distribution grid. Using the VISDOM platform for establishing a method for managing and monitoring energy consumption loads of ZNE communities as a capacity resource for the grid. Reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and energy security are primary policy drivers for incorporating high-performance energy standards and sustainability practices in residential households, such as a market transformation of ZNE and nearly ZNE (nZNE) communities. This research investigates how load data impacts ZNE, to see if there is a correlation to the daily load variations in a single ZNE home. Case studies will include a ZNE community in California and a nearly ZNE community (All – Electric) in the Netherlands, which both are in measurement and verification (M&V) phases and connected to the grid for simulations of methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero%20net%20energy" title="zero net energy">zero net energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20generation" title=" distributed generation"> distributed generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energy" title=" renewable energy"> renewable energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero%20net%20energy%20community" title=" zero net energy community"> zero net energy community</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62490/zero-net-energy-communities-and-the-impacts-to-the-grid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62490.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5079</span> Study on the Treatment of Waste Water Containing Nitrogen Heterocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Phenol-Induced Microbial Communities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhichao%20Li">Zhichao Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This project has treated the waste-water that contains the nitrogen heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, by using the phenol-induced microbial communities. The treatment of nitrogen heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is a difficult problem for coking waste-water treatment. Pyridine, quinoline and indole are three kinds of most common nitrogen heterocyclic compounds in the f, and treating these refractory organics biologically has always been a research focus. The phenol-degrading bacteria can be used in the enhanced biological treatment effectively, and has a good treatment effect. Therefore, using the phenol-induced microbial communities to treat the coking waste-water can remove multiple pollutants concurrently, and improve the treating efficiency of coking waste-water. Experiments have proved that the phenol-induced microbial communities can degrade the nitrogen heterocyclic ring aromatic hydrocarbon efficiently. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenol" title="phenol">phenol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrogen%20heterocyclic%20aromatic%20hydrocarbons" title=" nitrogen heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons"> nitrogen heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenol-degrading%20bacteria" title=" phenol-degrading bacteria"> phenol-degrading bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbial%20communities" title=" microbial communities"> microbial communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20treatment%20technology" title=" biological treatment technology"> biological treatment technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78438/study-on-the-treatment-of-waste-water-containing-nitrogen-heterocyclic-aromatic-hydrocarbons-by-phenol-induced-microbial-communities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78438.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">209</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=challenge%20communities&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=challenge%20communities&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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