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Lombardy–Venetia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kingdom_of_Lombardy–Venetia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Provisional_Government_of_Milan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Provisional_Government_of_Milan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Provisional Government of Milan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Provisional_Government_of_Milan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kingdom_of_Italy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kingdom_of_Italy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>Kingdom of Italy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kingdom_of_Italy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Flag of Lombardy</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="display:none"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Lombardy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Lombardy.svg/255px-Flag_of_Lombardy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="255" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Lombardy.svg/383px-Flag_of_Lombardy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Lombardy.svg/510px-Flag_of_Lombardy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Proportion</th><td class="infobox-data">2:3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Adopted</th><td class="infobox-data">4 February 2019 (<i>de jure</i>)<br />12 June 1975 (<i>de facto</i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Design</th><td class="infobox-data">A green field with the Rosa Camuna (also called <i>curvilinear cross</i>) in white, rotated 22.5° in the centre<sup id="cite_ref-symbols_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-symbols-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pdl45_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pdl45-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>flag of Lombardy</b> is one of the official symbols of the <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">region</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lombardy" title="Lombardy">Lombardy</a>, Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-symbols_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-symbols-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current flag was officially adopted on 4 February 2019,<sup id="cite_ref-symbols_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-symbols-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pdl45_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pdl45-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rosa_Camuna_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rosa_Camuna-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although it has been used <i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i> since 12 June 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-symbols_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-symbols-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOTW_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOTW-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rosa_Camuna_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rosa_Camuna-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symbolism">Symbolism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Lombardy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Symbolism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The flag is a field of green, representing the <a href="/wiki/Po_valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Po valley">Po Valley</a>, with the <a href="/wiki/Camunian_rose" title="Camunian rose">Rosa Camuna</a> (a symbol of the region derived from a prehistoric drawing made by the <a href="/wiki/Camunni" title="Camunni">ancient Camuni</a>) in white in the centre, representing the light.<sup id="cite_ref-FOTW_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOTW-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Lombardy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The modern version of the Rosa Camuna was designed by <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Munari" title="Bruno Munari">Bruno Munari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bob_Noorda" title="Bob Noorda">Bob Noorda</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roberto_Sambonet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roberto Sambonet (page does not exist)">Roberto Sambonet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pino_Tovaglia" title="Pino Tovaglia">Pino Tovaglia</a> in 1975, and became the regional emblem on 12 June 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-symbols_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-symbols-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After that, a 2:3 version of the Rosa Camuna was used like a provisional flag.<br /> </p><p>Since 1990, the <a href="/wiki/Lega_Nord" title="Lega Nord">Lega Nord</a> party tried to establish the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Milan" title="Flag of Milan">Saint Ambrose's flag</a> (a red cross on a white field), used by the city of Milan and the <a href="/wiki/Lombard_League" title="Lombard League">Lombard League</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>, without succeeding.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> </p><p>In 2007 a study commissioned by the Region concluded that the most representative flag was the one of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Duchy of Milan</a> (the so-called <i>Ducale</i>, composed by quartering the <a href="/wiki/Biscione" title="Biscione">Biscione</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Reichsadler" title="Reichsadler">Reichsadler</a>), but the proposal was never discussed.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> </p><p>The idea of combining the Rosa Camuna with Saint Ambrose's Cross first appeared in 2011: six sketches were published and polled on the daily newspaper <a href="/wiki/Corriere_della_Sera" title="Corriere della Sera">Corriere della Sera</a>, without sequel.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A new proposal was discussed in 2015, but it was also rejected.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> </p><p>The provisional flag was finally adopted with a unanimous vote of the Regional Council on 29 January 2019, becoming official on 4 February 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-ansa-1_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ansa-1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-symbols_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-symbols-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pdl45_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pdl45-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rosa_Camuna_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rosa_Camuna-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248256098">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0 4px 4px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:4px;text-align:right;font-size:85%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{border:solid var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rosa_camuna_R24_-_Foppe_-_Nadro_(Foto_Luca_Giarelli).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="One of the several prehistoric engravings in Valcamonica."><img alt="One of the several prehistoric engravings in Valcamonica." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Rosa_camuna_R24_-_Foppe_-_Nadro_%28Foto_Luca_Giarelli%29.jpg/121px-Rosa_camuna_R24_-_Foppe_-_Nadro_%28Foto_Luca_Giarelli%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="121" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Rosa_camuna_R24_-_Foppe_-_Nadro_%28Foto_Luca_Giarelli%29.jpg/182px-Rosa_camuna_R24_-_Foppe_-_Nadro_%28Foto_Luca_Giarelli%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Rosa_camuna_R24_-_Foppe_-_Nadro_%28Foto_Luca_Giarelli%29.jpg/243px-Rosa_camuna_R24_-_Foppe_-_Nadro_%28Foto_Luca_Giarelli%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="748" data-file-height="739" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">One of the several prehistoric engravings in <a href="/wiki/Valcamonica" class="mw-redirect" title="Valcamonica">Valcamonica</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_of_Regione_Lombardia_-_constructions.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Geometric construction of the modern version in 1975"><img alt="Geometric construction of the modern version in 1975" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Logo_of_Regione_Lombardia_-_constructions.svg/120px-Logo_of_Regione_Lombardia_-_constructions.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Logo_of_Regione_Lombardia_-_constructions.svg/180px-Logo_of_Regione_Lombardia_-_constructions.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Logo_of_Regione_Lombardia_-_constructions.svg/240px-Logo_of_Regione_Lombardia_-_constructions.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Geometric construction of the modern version in 1975</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Lombardy_square.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="The flag in 1:1 proportions"><img alt="The flag in 1:1 proportions" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Flag_of_Lombardy_square.svg/120px-Flag_of_Lombardy_square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Flag_of_Lombardy_square.svg/180px-Flag_of_Lombardy_square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Flag_of_Lombardy_square.svg/240px-Flag_of_Lombardy_square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The flag in 1:1 proportions</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bandiera_Lombardia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Saint Ambrose's flag, proposed several times"><img alt="Saint Ambrose's flag, proposed several times" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Bandiera_Lombardia.svg/180px-Bandiera_Lombardia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Bandiera_Lombardia.svg/270px-Bandiera_Lombardia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Bandiera_Lombardia.svg/360px-Bandiera_Lombardia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="5250" data-file-height="3097" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Saint Ambrose's flag, proposed several times</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_(1450).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Duchy of Milan, proposed in 2007"><img alt="Flag of the Duchy of Milan, proposed in 2007" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_%281450%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_%281450%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_%281450%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_%281450%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_%281450%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_%281450%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flag of the Duchy of Milan, proposed in 2007</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lombardy_Flag_Proposal_(2015).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="The 2015 proposal"><img alt="The 2015 proposal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Lombardy_Flag_Proposal_%282015%29.svg/180px-Lombardy_Flag_Proposal_%282015%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Lombardy_Flag_Proposal_%282015%29.svg/270px-Lombardy_Flag_Proposal_%282015%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Lombardy_Flag_Proposal_%282015%29.svg/360px-Lombardy_Flag_Proposal_%282015%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="320" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The 2015 proposal</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kingdom_of_the_Lombards">Kingdom of the Lombards</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Lombardy&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Kingdom of the Lombards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1248256098"><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iron_Crown.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The Iron Crown of Lombardy"><img alt="The Iron Crown of Lombardy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Iron_Crown.JPG/180px-Iron_Crown.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Iron_Crown.JPG/270px-Iron_Crown.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Iron_Crown.JPG/360px-Iron_Crown.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1890" data-file-height="1150" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Iron_Crown" title="Iron Crown">Iron Crown</a> of Lombardy</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Krone_von_Theodolinde.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The Theodelinda Crown"><img alt="The Theodelinda Crown" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Krone_von_Theodolinde.JPG/180px-Krone_von_Theodolinde.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Krone_von_Theodolinde.JPG/270px-Krone_von_Theodolinde.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Krone_von_Theodolinde.JPG/360px-Krone_von_Theodolinde.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="1800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Theodelinda Crown</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Memorie_storiche_di_Monza_e_sua_corte_(1794)_(14595887400).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Depiction of the Crown of Agilulf (left)"><img alt="Depiction of the Crown of Agilulf (left)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Memorie_storiche_di_Monza_e_sua_corte_%281794%29_%2814595887400%29.jpg/152px-Memorie_storiche_di_Monza_e_sua_corte_%281794%29_%2814595887400%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="152" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Memorie_storiche_di_Monza_e_sua_corte_%281794%29_%2814595887400%29.jpg/228px-Memorie_storiche_di_Monza_e_sua_corte_%281794%29_%2814595887400%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Memorie_storiche_di_Monza_e_sua_corte_%281794%29_%2814595887400%29.jpg/304px-Memorie_storiche_di_Monza_e_sua_corte_%281794%29_%2814595887400%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3162" data-file-height="2494" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Depiction of the Crown of Agilulf (left)</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <p>Since modern <a href="/wiki/Heraldry" title="Heraldry">heraldry</a> did not develop until the <a href="/wiki/High_Middle_Ages" title="High Middle Ages">High Middle Ages</a>, there was no banner nor coat of arms for the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Lombards" title="Kingdom of the Lombards">Kingdom</a>. A later tradition retrospectively saw the three <a href="/wiki/Votive_crown" title="Votive crown">votive crowns</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_Monza" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathedral of Monza">cathedral of Monza</a> (the so-called <a href="/wiki/Iron_Crown_of_Lombardy" class="mw-redirect" title="Iron Crown of Lombardy">Iron Crown</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Theodelinda_Crown&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theodelinda Crown (page does not exist)">crown of Theodelinda</a> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agilulf_Crown&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agilulf Crown (page does not exist)">one of Agilulf</a>) as symbols of the Lombard kingdom. But in fact, the Lombard coinage tend to show that Lombards used crosses and calvaries as their only symbols. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Lombard_League">The Lombard League</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Lombardy&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The Lombard League"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1248256098"><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Milan_(1171).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="First documented flag of Milan[17]"><img alt="First documented flag of Milan[17]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Milan_%281171%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_Milan_%281171%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Milan_%281171%29.svg/270px-Flag_of_Milan_%281171%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Milan_%281171%29.svg/360px-Flag_of_Milan_%281171%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="220" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">First documented flag of Milan<sup id="cite_ref-Milano_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milano-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bassorilievo_di_Porta_Romana_(1171_ca.)..PNG" class="mw-file-description" title="Milan's standard bearer, detail from the bas-reliefs of Porta Romana"><img alt="Milan's standard bearer, detail from the bas-reliefs of Porta Romana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Bassorilievo_di_Porta_Romana_%281171_ca.%29..PNG/84px-Bassorilievo_di_Porta_Romana_%281171_ca.%29..PNG" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Bassorilievo_di_Porta_Romana_%281171_ca.%29..PNG/126px-Bassorilievo_di_Porta_Romana_%281171_ca.%29..PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Bassorilievo_di_Porta_Romana_%281171_ca.%29..PNG/167px-Bassorilievo_di_Porta_Romana_%281171_ca.%29..PNG 2x" data-file-width="1121" data-file-height="1605" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Milan's standard bearer, detail from the bas-reliefs of <a href="/wiki/Porta_Romana_(Milan)" title="Porta Romana (Milan)">Porta Romana</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Il_carroccio_secondo_un%27antica_miniatura.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The carroccio as depicted in an ancient miniature"><img alt="The carroccio as depicted in an ancient miniature" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Il_carroccio_secondo_un%27antica_miniatura.jpg/92px-Il_carroccio_secondo_un%27antica_miniatura.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Il_carroccio_secondo_un%27antica_miniatura.jpg/138px-Il_carroccio_secondo_un%27antica_miniatura.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Il_carroccio_secondo_un%27antica_miniatura.jpg/185px-Il_carroccio_secondo_un%27antica_miniatura.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1144" data-file-height="1486" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The carroccio as depicted in an ancient miniature</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <p>When the <a href="/wiki/Lombard_League" title="Lombard League">Lombard League</a> (1167) was created to defend the municipal liberties against <a href="/wiki/Frederick_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor">Barbarossa</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Medieval_commune" title="Medieval commune">communes</a> raised a flag with a red cross on a white field, that was at the same time the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Milan" title="Flag of Milan">flag of Milan</a> (destroyed by the emperor in 1162), and the opposite of the loyalist cities flag (a white cross in a red field, derived from the <a href="/wiki/Flags_of_the_Holy_Roman_Empire#War_flag" title="Flags of the Holy Roman Empire">war flag of the Holy Roman Empire</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Croce_Lombardia_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Croce_Lombardia-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This flag was carried on the <a href="/wiki/Carroccio" title="Carroccio">carroccio</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Legnano" title="Battle of Legnano">battle of Legnano</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lordship_and_Duchy_of_Milan">Lordship and Duchy of Milan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Lombardy&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Lordship and Duchy of Milan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1248256098"><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Milan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the city of Milan"><img alt="Flag of the city of Milan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flag_of_Milan.svg/180px-Flag_of_Milan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flag_of_Milan.svg/270px-Flag_of_Milan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Flag_of_Milan.svg/360px-Flag_of_Milan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flag of the city of Milan</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Golden_Ambrosian_Republic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Ambrosian Republic (1447–1450)"><img alt="Flag of the Ambrosian Republic (1447–1450)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_the_Golden_Ambrosian_Republic.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Golden_Ambrosian_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_the_Golden_Ambrosian_Republic.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Golden_Ambrosian_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_the_Golden_Ambrosian_Republic.svg/240px-Flag_of_the_Golden_Ambrosian_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flag of the <a href="/wiki/Ambrosian_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambrosian Republic">Ambrosian Republic</a> (1447–1450)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_(1765-1796).gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Austrian-ruled Duchy of Milan (1765-1796)"><img alt="Flag of the Austrian-ruled Duchy of Milan (1765-1796)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_%281765-1796%29.gif/180px-Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_%281765-1796%29.gif" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_%281765-1796%29.gif/270px-Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_%281765-1796%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_%281765-1796%29.gif/360px-Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_%281765-1796%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="857" data-file-height="570" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flag of the Austrian-ruled Duchy of Milan (1765-1796)</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <p>In the second half of the 13th century the Lombard League lost its relevance, and the era of <a href="/wiki/Signorie" class="mw-redirect" title="Signorie">Signorie</a> began. Milan slowly took control over most of the other cities, forming in 1395 the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Duchy of Milan</a> with <a href="/wiki/Gian_Galeazzo_Visconti" title="Gian Galeazzo Visconti">Gian Galeazzo Visconti</a>. At its height, it controlled the major part of today <a href="/wiki/Northern_Italy" title="Northern Italy">Northern Italy</a> (which was called, at that time, simply <a href="/wiki/Lombardy_(historical_region)" title="Lombardy (historical region)">Lombardy</a>).<br /> The city continued to use the red cross (called Saint Ambrose's Cross, taking name from Milan patron saint),<sup id="cite_ref-Comune_di_Milano_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Comune_di_Milano-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Milano_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milano-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the end of the Visconti dynasty, the Duchy became for a short period a <a href="/wiki/Golden_Ambrosian_Republic" title="Golden Ambrosian Republic">Republic</a>, using the city's flag with superimposed a depiction of Saint Ambrose.<sup id="cite_ref-Milano_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milano-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lords'_banners"><span id="Lords.27_banners"></span>Lords' banners</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Lombardy&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Lords' banners"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1248256098"><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Lordship_of_Milan_(XIII_century-1395).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Lordship of Milan (1300-1395)"><img alt="Flag of the Lordship of Milan (1300-1395)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_the_Lordship_of_Milan_%28XIII_century-1395%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Lordship_of_Milan_%28XIII_century-1395%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_the_Lordship_of_Milan_%28XIII_century-1395%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Lordship_of_Milan_%28XIII_century-1395%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_the_Lordship_of_Milan_%28XIII_century-1395%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_the_Lordship_of_Milan_%28XIII_century-1395%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flag of the Lordship of Milan (1300-1395)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_(1450).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Duchy of Milan (1329–1395 and 1402–1499)"><img alt="Flag of the Duchy of Milan (1329–1395 and 1402–1499)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_%281450%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_%281450%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_%281450%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_%281450%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_%281450%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan_%281450%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flag of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Duchy of Milan</a> (1329–1395 and 1402–1499)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Count_of_Virtue.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the French Duchy of Milan (1395-1402)"><img alt="Flag of the French Duchy of Milan (1395-1402)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_the_Count_of_Virtue.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Count_of_Virtue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_the_Count_of_Virtue.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Count_of_Virtue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_the_Count_of_Virtue.svg/240px-Flag_of_the_Count_of_Virtue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flag of the French Duchy of Milan (1395-1402)</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <p>Lord and then the Duke used the simbol of the <a href="/wiki/Visconti_of_Milan" title="Visconti of Milan">House of Visconti</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Biscione" title="Biscione">Biscione</a> (<i>Bissa</i> in <a href="/wiki/Lombard_language" title="Lombard language">Lombard</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Comune_di_Milano_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Comune_di_Milano-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Milano_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milano-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The simple version remained used as <a href="/wiki/War_flag" title="War flag">war flag</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Milano_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milano-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the <a href="/wiki/Reichsadler" title="Reichsadler">Imperial Eagle</a> was jointed (by quartering) to the State flag when the emperor recognize the Visconti family rule, first as <a href="/wiki/Imperial_vicar" title="Imperial vicar">Imperial vicars</a> (1329), later as Dukes.<sup id="cite_ref-Insegne_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Insegne-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An exception was made between 1395 and 1402, when the Eagle was replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-lis" title="Fleur-de-lis">Fleur-de-lis</a>, because of the Duke's marriage with <a href="/wiki/Isabella,_Countess_of_Vertus" title="Isabella, Countess of Vertus">Isabella of France</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Insegne_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Insegne-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Milano_17-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milano-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Francia_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Francia-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> The Sforza family restored the Visconti's flag,<sup id="cite_ref-Milano_17-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milano-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that also remained during foreign dominations (but during French domination was briefly restored the version with the Fleur-de-lis),<sup id="cite_ref-Francia_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Francia-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until the end of the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">austrian</a> Duchy caused by the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a> (1796). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Duchy_of_Mantua">Duchy of Mantua</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Lombardy&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Duchy of Mantua"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1248256098"><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Margraviate_of_Mantua_(1328%E2%80%931575).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Margraviate of Mantua (1328-1575)"><img alt="Flag of the Margraviate of Mantua (1328-1575)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_the_Margraviate_of_Mantua_%281328%E2%80%931575%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Margraviate_of_Mantua_%281328%E2%80%931575%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_the_Margraviate_of_Mantua_%281328%E2%80%931575%29.svg/270px-Flag_of_the_Margraviate_of_Mantua_%281328%E2%80%931575%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_the_Margraviate_of_Mantua_%281328%E2%80%931575%29.svg/360px-Flag_of_the_Margraviate_of_Mantua_%281328%E2%80%931575%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flag of the <a href="/wiki/Margraviate_of_Mantua" class="mw-redirect" title="Margraviate of Mantua">Margraviate of Mantua</a> (1328-1575)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Mantua_(1575%E2%80%931707).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Duchy of Mantua (1575-1707)"><img alt="Flag of the Duchy of Mantua (1575-1707)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Mantua_%281575%E2%80%931707%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Mantua_%281575%E2%80%931707%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Mantua_%281575%E2%80%931707%29.svg/270px-Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Mantua_%281575%E2%80%931707%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Mantua_%281575%E2%80%931707%29.svg/360px-Flag_of_the_Duchy_of_Mantua_%281575%E2%80%931707%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flag of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Mantua" title="Duchy of Mantua">Duchy of Mantua</a> (1575-1707)</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <p>The <b>Duchy of Mantua</b> was in South <a href="/wiki/Lombardy" title="Lombardy">Lombardy</a>. The Duchy's historic power and influence under the <a href="/wiki/Gonzaga_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Gonzaga family">Gonzaga family</a> has made it one of the main artistic, <a href="/wiki/Culture" title="Culture">cultural</a>, and especially musical hubs of Northern Italy and the country as a whole. Mantua also had one of the most splendid courts of Italy and Europe in the fifteenth, sixteenth, and early seventeenth centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From the 13th century on, the city had white flags with a red cross. In 1433, coinciding with the recognition of the marquis, four black eagles were added to the cross, and this was also the insignia of the Gonzaga family, which previously wore gold and black stripes. These flags were probably used sporadically until the partition of the principality in 1708.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Napoleonic_era">Napoleonic era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Lombardy&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Napoleonic era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Transpadane_Republic_and_Cisalpine_Republic">Transpadane Republic and Cisalpine Republic</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Lombardy&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Transpadane Republic and Cisalpine Republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1248256098"><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Transpadana.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Transpadane Republic"><img alt="Flag of the Transpadane Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Transpadana.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Transpadana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Transpadana.svg/270px-Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Transpadana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Transpadana.svg/360px-Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Transpadana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flag of the <a href="/wiki/Transpadane_Republic" title="Transpadane Republic">Transpadane Republic</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Cisalpine Republic"><img alt="Flag of the Cisalpine Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg/240px-Flag_of_the_Repubblica_Cisalpina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flag of the <a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Republic" title="Cisalpine Republic">Cisalpine Republic</a></div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Italian_campaigns_of_the_French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="Italian campaigns of the French Revolutionary Wars">campaign of Italy</a> <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a> conquered the Duchy of Milan and replaced it with the <a href="/wiki/Transpadane_Republic" title="Transpadane Republic">Transpadane Republic</a>. Its flag was borrowed from the design of <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_France#The_Tricolore" title="Flag of France">French flag</a>, using red and white from Saint Ambrose's Cross, and green from the uniforms of Milan civic guard, creating the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Italy" title="Flag of Italy">tricolore</a>. Later Napoleon added the newly conquered territories forming the <a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Republic" title="Cisalpine Republic">Cisalpine Republic</a>, and then the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Republic_(Napoleonic)" title="Italian Republic (Napoleonic)">Republic</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Kingdom of Italy</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kingdom_of_Lombardy–Venetia"><span id="Kingdom_of_Lombardy.E2.80.93Venetia"></span>Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Lombardy&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1248256098"><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Lombardy%E2%80%93Venetia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Viceroy of Lombardy–Venetia"><img alt="Flag of the Viceroy of Lombardy–Venetia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Lombardy%E2%80%93Venetia.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Lombardy%E2%80%93Venetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Lombardy%E2%80%93Venetia.svg/270px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Lombardy%E2%80%93Venetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Lombardy%E2%80%93Venetia.svg/360px-Flag_of_the_Kingdom_of_Lombardy%E2%80%93Venetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flag of the Viceroy of Lombardy–Venetia</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Vienna_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Vienna Congress">Vienna Congress</a>, the territories of the Duchy of Milan and the <a href="/wiki/Venetian_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Venetian Republic">Venetian Republic</a> were merged to form the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Lombardy%E2%80%93Venetia" title="Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia">Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia</a>. Its coat of arms was created quartering the <i>Bissa</i> (Lombardy) and the <a href="/wiki/Lion_of_Saint_Mark" title="Lion of Saint Mark">Lion of Saint Mark</a> (Venetia) under the Iron Crown of Lombardy, superimposed on the <a href="/wiki/Double-headed_eagle" title="Double-headed eagle">double-headed eagle</a> of the Austrian Empire. The flag of the Viceroy bears the coat of arms in a yellow field.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This flag is unattested. From sources of the time only the Austrian red-white-red flag seems to be used. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Provisional_Government_of_Milan">Provisional Government of Milan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Lombardy&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Provisional Government of Milan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1248256098"><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Augusto_Anfossi.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag used during the Five Days of Milan (1848)"><img alt="Flag used during the Five Days of Milan (1848)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Flag_of_Augusto_Anfossi.svg/180px-Flag_of_Augusto_Anfossi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Flag_of_Augusto_Anfossi.svg/270px-Flag_of_Augusto_Anfossi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Flag_of_Augusto_Anfossi.svg/360px-Flag_of_Augusto_Anfossi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flag used during the <a href="/wiki/Five_Days_of_Milan" title="Five Days of Milan">Five Days of Milan</a> (1848)</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848_in_the_Italian_states" title="Revolutions of 1848 in the Italian states">Italian revolution in 1848</a>, an uprising took place in the Austrian Milan. Similar to other places, the insurgents used the Italian tricolor, but with their own symbols. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kingdom_of_Italy">Kingdom of Italy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Lombardy&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Kingdom of Italy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the Kingdom of Italy the regions were only statistical department. Nevertheless, in 1910 was made a proposal to give them a coat of arms: for Lombardy was chosen the Biscione,<sup id="cite_ref-Insegne_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Insegne-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> proposed again in 1927,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> without sequel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_Lombardy&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-symbols-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-symbols_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-symbols_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-symbols_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-symbols_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-symbols_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-symbols_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.regione.lombardia.it/wps/portal/istituzionale/HP/DettaglioRedazionale/istituzione/regione/red-simboli-ricorrenze-rec"><i>Simboli e ricorrenze - Regione Lombardia</i></a> (in italian).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pdl45-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pdl45_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pdl45_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pdl45_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.consiglio.regione.lombardia.it/wps/portal/crl/home/leggi-e-banche-dati/Elenco-generale-atti/Dettaglio-atto?tipoatto=Pdl&numeroatto=45&estensioneatto=&legislatura=XI">Pdl 45, XI legisladura</a> (in Italian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.consiglio.regione.lombardia.it/wps/RLCRLServiceIntegrator/jsp/gea/AllegatoGEA.jsp?url=/d/a/workspace/SpacesStore/a14ddd90-71d6-4a1a-8870-3a0effd23b89/PDL%2045_completo.pdf">Pdf</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rosa_Camuna-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rosa_Camuna_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosa_Camuna_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosa_Camuna_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.regione.lombardia.it/wps/portal/istituzionale/HP/DettaglioRedazionale/istituzione/regione/bandiera-regione-lombardia">La Rosa Camuna, storia del simbolo, del logo e istituzione della bandiera ufficiale di Regione Lombardia</a> (in Italian).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOTW-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOTW_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOTW_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRaeside2018" class="citation web cs1">Raeside, Rob (2018-03-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/it-lom.html">"Lombardy Region (Italy)"</a>. <i>Flags of the World</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Flags+of+the+World&rft.atitle=Lombardy+Region+%28Italy%29&rft.date=2018-03-03&rft.aulast=Raeside&rft.aufirst=Rob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.crwflags.com%2Ffotw%2Fflags%2Fit-lom.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Lombardy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bandieredalvivo.com/Pagine%20regionali/Lombardia.html">"Lombardy"</a>. <i>Bandiere Dalvivo</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bandiere+Dalvivo&rft.atitle=Lombardy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbandieredalvivo.com%2FPagine%2520regionali%2FLombardia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Lombardy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ozoutback.com.au/Italy/flags/slides/08Lombardia.html">"Lombardia | Flag | Italy | OzOutback"</a>. <i>OzOutback</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OzOutback&rft.atitle=Lombardia+%7C+Flag+%7C+Italy+%7C+OzOutback&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fozoutback.com.au%2FItaly%2Fflags%2Fslides%2F08Lombardia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Lombardy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20021125182504/http://emblemes.free.fr/journal/14-1.htm">"Proposta di adozione ufficiale della bandiera della Lombardia"</a> (in Italian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://emblemes.free.fr/journal/14-1.htm">the original</a> on 25 November 2002.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Proposta+di+adozione+ufficiale+della+bandiera+della+Lombardia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Femblemes.free.fr%2Fjournal%2F14-1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Lombardy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lintraprendente.it/2013/05/dietro-la-croce-di-san-giorgio-tutta-la-confusione-della-lega/">"Dietro la Croce di San Giorgio tutta la confusione della Lega"</a> (in Italian).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dietro+la+Croce+di+San+Giorgio+tutta+la+confusione+della+Lega&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lintraprendente.it%2F2013%2F05%2Fdietro-la-croce-di-san-giorgio-tutta-la-confusione-della-lega%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Lombardy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miglioverde.eu/se-lindipendentismo-leghista-vuole-la-ciliegina-senza-la-torta/">"Se l'indipendentismo leghista vuole la ciliegina senza la torta"</a> (in Italian). 14 July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Se+l%27indipendentismo+leghista+vuole+la+ciliegina+senza+la+torta&rft.date=2013-07-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miglioverde.eu%2Fse-lindipendentismo-leghista-vuole-la-ciliegina-senza-la-torta%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Lombardy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200420175949/https://luciobrignoli.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/pieghevole.pdf">"Una bandiera per la lombardia - Storia, identità, appartenenza"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Italian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://luciobrignoli.files.wordpress.com/2011/03/pieghevole.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2020-04-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Una+bandiera+per+la+lombardia+-+Storia%2C+identit%C3%A0%2C+appartenenza&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fluciobrignoli.files.wordpress.com%2F2011%2F03%2Fpieghevole.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Lombardy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200420171904/https://luciobrignoli.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/definitivo.pdf">"Una bandiera per la lombardia"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Italian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://luciobrignoli.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/definitivo.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2020-04-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Una+bandiera+per+la+lombardia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fluciobrignoli.files.wordpress.com%2F2011%2F05%2Fdefinitivo.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Lombardy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140202140144/http://www.consiglio.regione.lombardia.it/ricerca/-/asset_publisher/D0vx/content/l-araldica-della-regione-lombardia;jsessionid=82EBEEF4227BE355C692EB6AA5651EEC">"L'araldica della Regione Lombardia - Ricerca - Consiglio Regionale della Lombardia"</a> (in Italian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.consiglio.regione.lombardia.it/ricerca/-/asset_publisher/D0vx/content/l-araldica-della-regione-lombardia;jsessionid=82EBEEF4227BE355C692EB6AA5651EEC">the original</a> on 2014-02-02.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=L%27araldica+della+Regione+Lombardia+-+Ricerca+-+Consiglio+Regionale+della+Lombardia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.consiglio.regione.lombardia.it%2Fricerca%2F-%2Fasset_publisher%2FD0vx%2Fcontent%2Fl-araldica-della-regione-lombardia%3Bjsessionid%3D82EBEEF4227BE355C692EB6AA5651EEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Lombardy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIReR_–_Istituto_Regionale_di_Ricerca_della_Lombardia2007" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">IReR – Istituto Regionale di Ricerca della Lombardia (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sbnlo2.infoteca.it/bw5net/opac.aspx?WEB=LO2B&Opac=BCRL&IDS=6658"><i>L'araldica della Regione Lombardia</i></a> (in Italian). Regione Lombardia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=L%27araldica+della+Regione+Lombardia&rft.pub=Regione+Lombardia&rft.date=2007&rft.au=IReR+%E2%80%93+Istituto+Regionale+di+Ricerca+della+Lombardia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsbnlo2.infoteca.it%2Fbw5net%2Fopac.aspx%3FWEB%3DLO2B%26Opac%3DBCRL%26IDS%3D6658&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Lombardy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120511040859/http://www.corriere.it/appsSondaggi/pages/corriere/d_9545.jsp">"Sondaggio sul Corriere della Sera"</a> (in Italian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.corriere.it/appsSondaggi/pages/corriere/d_9545.jsp">the original</a> on 11 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sondaggio+sul+Corriere+della+Sera&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.corriere.it%2FappsSondaggi%2Fpages%2Fcorriere%2Fd_9545.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Lombardy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ansa.it/sito/notizie/cronaca/2015/03/12/lombardia-verso-una-nuova-bandiera_5e0cfd94-3479-4312-bc69-4ba716ac890f.html">"ANSA: Lombardia verso una nuova bandiera"</a> (in Italian). 12 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ANSA%3A+Lombardia+verso+una+nuova+bandiera&rft.date=2015-03-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ansa.it%2Fsito%2Fnotizie%2Fcronaca%2F2015%2F03%2F12%2Flombardia-verso-una-nuova-bandiera_5e0cfd94-3479-4312-bc69-4ba716ac890f.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Lombardy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ansa-1-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ansa-1_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ansa.it/lombardia/notizie/2019/01/29/lombardia-ce-legge-per-la-bandiera_e03a224c-d010-4d67-8d44-760a8d142880.html">"Lombardia: c'è legge per la bandiera"</a> (in Italian). 29 January 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Lombardia%3A+c%27%C3%A8+legge+per+la+bandiera&rft.date=2019-01-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ansa.it%2Flombardia%2Fnotizie%2F2019%2F01%2F29%2Flombardia-ce-legge-per-la-bandiera_e03a224c-d010-4d67-8d44-760a8d142880.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Lombardy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Milano-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Milano_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Milano_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Milano_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Milano_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Milano_17-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Milano_17-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Milano_17-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digilander.libero.it/breschirob/milano.html">Milano</a> (in Italian).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Croce_Lombardia-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Croce_Lombardia_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://franciacortaprolombardia.files.wordpress.com/2012/11/la-croce-di-lombardia.pdf">La Croce di Lombardia - Una bandiera storica per il popolo lombardo</a> (in Italian).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Comune_di_Milano-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Comune_di_Milano_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Comune_di_Milano_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mediagallery.comune.milano.it/cdm/objects/changeme:86704/datastreams/dataStream25815397508522062/content?pgpath=/SA_SiteContent/SEGUI_AMMINISTRAZIONE/PATROCINIO_COMUNALE/Patrocinio__comunale">Linee guida per l'applicazione del patrocinio del Comune di Milano</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200811005942/http://mediagallery.comune.milano.it/cdm/objects/changeme:86704/datastreams/dataStream25815397508522062/content?pgpath=%2FSA_SiteContent%2FSEGUI_AMMINISTRAZIONE%2FPATROCINIO_COMUNALE%2FPatrocinio__comunale">Archived</a> 2020-08-11 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (in Italian)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Insegne-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Insegne_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Insegne_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Insegne_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBascapèdel_Piazzo1999" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bascapè, Giacomo; del Piazzo, Marcello (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archivi.beniculturali.it/dga/uploads/documents/Sussidi/3_SussXI_p_211_314.pdf"><i>Insegne e simboli - Araldica pubblica e privata medievale e moderna</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Italian). Archivi di Stato. pp. 280–294. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/88-7125-159-8" title="Special:BookSources/88-7125-159-8"><bdi>88-7125-159-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Insegne+e+simboli+-+Araldica+pubblica+e+privata+medievale+e+moderna&rft.pages=280-294&rft.pub=Archivi+di+Stato&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=88-7125-159-8&rft.aulast=Bascap%C3%A8&rft.aufirst=Giacomo&rft.au=del+Piazzo%2C+Marcello&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.archivi.beniculturali.it%2Fdga%2Fuploads%2Fdocuments%2FSussidi%2F3_SussXI_p_211_314.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Lombardy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Francia-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Francia_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Francia_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.araldicavisconteo-sforzesca.it/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/L%E2%80%99Araldica-della-Dominazione-Francese-nel-Ducato-di-Milano.pdf">L’Araldica della Dominazione Francese nel Ducato di Milano</a> (in Italian).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/spain-portugal-italy-greece-and-balkans/italian-political-geography/mantua">"Mantua | Encyclopedia.com"</a>. <i>encyclopedia.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-07-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=encyclopedia.com&rft.atitle=Mantua+%7C+Encyclopedia.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Fplaces%2Fspain-portugal-italy-greece-and-balkans%2Fitalian-political-geography%2Fmantua&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Lombardy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digilander.libero.it/breschirob/parma.html#manto">"Parma"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Parma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigilander.libero.it%2Fbreschirob%2Fparma.html%23manto&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlag+of+Lombardy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.araldicacivica.it/pdf/letture/la%20lettura1927.pdf">Gli stemmi storici delle regioni d'Italia</a> (in Italian).</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt 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ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Lombardy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lombardy" title="Template:Lombardy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lombardy" title="Template talk:Lombardy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lombardy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lombardy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Lombardy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Lombardy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lombardy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Lombardy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lombardy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_Lombardy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lombardy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lombardy" title="Lombardy">Lombardy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Italy" title="Provinces of Italy">Provinces<br />and places</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#f7f7f7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Bergamo" title="Province of Bergamo">Bergamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Brescia" title="Province of Brescia">Brescia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Como" title="Province of Como">Como</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Cremona" title="Province of Cremona">Cremona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Lecco" title="Province of Lecco">Lecco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Lodi" title="Province of Lodi">Lodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Mantua" title="Province of Mantua">Mantua</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Mantua" title="Upper Mantua">Upper Mantua</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_City_of_Milan" title="Metropolitan City of Milan">Milan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Monza_and_Brianza" title="Province of Monza and Brianza">Monza and Brianza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Pavia" title="Province of Pavia">Pavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Sondrio" title="Province of Sondrio">Sondrio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Varese" title="Province of Varese">Varese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communes_of_Lombardy" class="mw-redirect" title="List of communes of Lombardy">List of communes</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_region_of_Lombardy,_Italy,_with_provinces-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Map_of_region_of_Lombardy%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-en.svg/200px-Map_of_region_of_Lombardy%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Map_of_region_of_Lombardy%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-en.svg/300px-Map_of_region_of_Lombardy%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Map_of_region_of_Lombardy%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-en.svg/400px-Map_of_region_of_Lombardy%2C_Italy%2C_with_provinces-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="5930" data-file-height="5262" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insubria" title="Insubria">Insubria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insubres" title="Insubres">Insubres</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombards" title="Lombards">Lombards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Lombards" title="Kingdom of the Lombards">Kingdom of the Lombards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lordship_of_Milan" title="Lordship of Milan">Lordship of Milan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Duchy of Milan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dukes_of_Milan" title="List of dukes of Milan">Dukes of Milan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_the_Duchy_of_Milan" title="List of governors of the Duchy of Milan">Governors of Milan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Ambrosian_Republic" title="Golden Ambrosian Republic">Golden Ambrosian Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margravate_of_Mantua" class="mw-redirect" title="Margravate of Mantua">Margravate of Mantua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Mantua" title="Duchy of Mantua">Duchy of Mantua</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Mantua" class="mw-redirect" title="Duke of Mantua">Dukes of Mantua</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transpadane_Republic" title="Transpadane Republic">Transpadane Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisalpine_Republic" title="Cisalpine Republic">Cisalpine Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Republic_(Napoleonic)" title="Italian Republic (Napoleonic)">Italian Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Napoleonic)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic)">Kingdom of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Lombardy%E2%80%93Venetia" title="Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia">Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Days_of_Milan" title="Five Days of Milan">Provisional Government of Milan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Lombardy" title="Politics of Lombardy">Politics and<br />government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#f7f7f7;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Lombardy" title="Elections in Lombardy">Elections in Lombardy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Lombardy" title="List of presidents of Lombardy">List of presidents of Lombardy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.2em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Education_in_Lombardy" title="Category:Education in Lombardy">Education</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Category:Culture_in_Lombardy" title="Category:Culture in Lombardy">culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lombard_cuisine" title="Lombard cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lombardia_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lombardia (wine)">Wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_in_Milan" title="Fashion in Milan">Fashion in Milan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Lombardy" title="Music of Lombardy">Music of Lombardy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Milan" title="Music of Milan">Music of Milan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renaissance_in_Lombardy" title="Renaissance in Lombardy">Renaissance in Lombardy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Milan" title="Symbols of Milan">Symbols of Milan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baroque_in_Milan" title="Baroque in Milan">Baroque in Milan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Category:Lombardy" title="Category:Lombardy">Categories</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Flags_of_Italy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Italian_flags" title="Template:Italian flags"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Italian_flags" title="Template talk:Italian flags"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Italian_flags" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Italian flags"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Flags_of_Italy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_flags" title="List of Italian flags">Flags of Italy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Italy" title="Flag of Italy">Flag of Italy</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Italy"><img alt="Flag of Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/70px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/105px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/140px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Flags_of_regions_of_Italy" title="Flags of regions of Italy">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Abruzzo" title="Flag of Abruzzo">Abruzzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Aosta_Valley" title="Flag of Aosta Valley">Aosta Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Apulia" title="Flag of Apulia">Apulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Basilicata" title="Flag of Basilicata">Basilicata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Calabria" title="Flag of Calabria">Calabria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Campania" title="Flag of Campania">Campania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Emilia-Romagna" title="Flag of Emilia-Romagna">Emilia-Romagna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Friuli-Venezia_Giulia" title="Flag of Friuli-Venezia Giulia">Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Lazio" title="Flag of Lazio">Lazio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Liguria" title="Flag of Liguria">Liguria</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lombardy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Marche" title="Flag of Marche">Marche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Molise" title="Flag of Molise">Molise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Piedmont" title="Flag of Piedmont">Piedmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Sardinia" title="Flag of Sardinia">Sardinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Sicily" title="Flag of Sicily">Sicily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Trentino-Alto_Adige/S%C3%BCdtirol" title="Flag of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol">Trentino-South Tyrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Tuscany" title="Flag of Tuscany">Tuscany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Umbria" title="Flag of Umbria">Umbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Veneto" title="Flag of Veneto">Veneto</a></li></ul> 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