Defect and Diffusion Forum Vol. 348 | p. 3

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class="bread-crumbs-first" href="/DDF">Defect and Diffusion Forum</a><i class="inline-icon arrow-breadcrumbs"></i><span class="bread-crumbs-second">Defect and Diffusion Forum Vol. 348</span></div> <div class="page-name-block underline-begin"> <h1 class="page-name-block-text">Defect and Diffusion Forum Vol. 348</h1> </div> <div class="clearfix title-details"> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>DOI:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.348">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.348</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="titleMarcXmlLink" style="display: none" class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Export:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p><a href="/DDF.348/marc.xml">MARCXML</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>ToC:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p><a href="/DDF.348_toc.pdf">Table of Contents</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="volume-tabs"> </div> <div class=""> <div class="volume-papers-page"> <div class="block-search-pagination clearfix"> <div class="block-search-volume"> <input id="paper-search" type="search" placeholder="Search" maxlength="65"> </div> <div class="pagination-container"><ul class="pagination"><li class="PagedList-skipToPrevious"><a href="/DDF.348/2" rel="prev"><</a></li><li><a href="/DDF.348">1</a></li><li><a href="/DDF.348/2">2</a></li><li class="active"><span>3</span></li></ul></div> </div> <div class="block-volume-title normal-text-gray"> <p> Paper Title <span>Page</span> </p> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/DDF.348.179">Some Developments on Cup Anemometer Aerodynamics</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Santiago Pindado, Javier Cubas </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock364348" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: In the present study the geometry of cups is experimentally studied through anemometer performance. This performance is analyzed in two different ways. On the one hand the anemometer transfer function between cases is compared. On the other hand the stationary rotation speed is decomposed into constant and harmonic terms, the comparison being established between the last ones. Results indicate that some cup shapes can improve the uniformity of anemometer rotation, this fact being important to reduce degradation due to ageing. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock364348', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 179 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/DDF.348.189">Energy Transfer and Fluid Flow around a Massive Astrophysical Object</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: R. Leticia Corral Bustamante, Evelyn M. Rodríguez Corral, José Nino Hernández Magdaleno, Gilberto Irigoyen Chávez </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock364360" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: In this work it is presented the modeling and simulation of energy transfer and fluid flow of a stationary spherical arrangement of particles surrounding a gravitational body such as an astrophysical object that carries the curvature of space-time continuum in general relativity, taking into account the thermodynamics of the second law. This model also predicts the drag of space and time around an astrophysical object as it rotates, with results close to the experimental data reported by other authors. To model the energy transfer of the mass and the fluid flow in the space-time, it is used a 4-dimensional system. In order to make measurements of entropy in the arrow of time (past-present), tensors in General Relativity were used to calculate this thermodynamic quantity and with this, the big bang 虂s low entropy condition in phase space of coarse graining (Hawking 虂s box), according to Weyl curvature hypothesis (WCH) of Roger Penrose. Contribution of this paper is presented by tensors which carry information that has to do with something as non-distortion effect in fluid flow around the astrophysical object and the low entropy condition that is believed to exist in the past, in the big bang<i>; </i>what leads us to search for a new physical-mathematical science to continue. At this point, the Einstein field equations are out of context, which leads us to conclude that it is necessary a mathematical science that allows us to make calculations to rescue lost information due to collapse of matter to a black hole. This math should allow us to clear up physical phenomena (like origin of the universe) and their relationship, with the objective of unifying theories that lead to a physical science without uncertainties, as at the present time. In this regard, we propose a metric in hyperbolic coodinates to build a physical wormhole shaped object where gravitational bodies can be housed that allow us to link the past entropy with the present entropy according to the second law of thermodynamics, as a kind of mathematical space or alternative model to compensate in some way, the link between WCH and the phase space volume of the Hawking's box, and the link between WCH and the quantum-mechanical state-vector reduction, , proposed by Penrose which still have not been determined by any author. Nomenclature </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock364360', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 189 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/DDF.348.216">Experiments on Inverse Method to Illumination by Optimization Technique <i>IMIbyOPTIM</i> with Fixed Light Source Power</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Letícia Jenisch Rodrigues, Tiago Haubert Andriotty, Paulo Smith Schneider, Francis Henrique Ramos França </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock364350" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: The present work reports an experimental procedure designed to validate a particular solution for the distribution of artificial light sources in the sealing of an enclosure obtained by the inverse method <i>IMIbyOPTIM</i>. An illumination design assuming the free placement of purely diffuse light sources aims to generate a uniform illumination field on a work plane. A reduced scale enclosure is built to validate the method effectiveness, by comparing the experimental results to an illuminance target. An equally non-optimized light source distribution is placed on the enclosure and measurements confirm the hypothesis of distortion of the illumination field, already predicted by simulations. After the optimization of the light sources distribution, the measured illumination field becomes closer to the dimensionless unitary target, with a standard deviation of less than 0.021. This particular experiment verifies <i>IMIbyOPTIM</i> predictions and allows continuing the validation process of the method for a broad variety of design combinations. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock364350', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 216 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/DDF.348.226">Intermolecular Study of Adansonia Digitata (AnD) Binary Liquid Mixture</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Sushil Phadke, Suneel Kumar Ujle, Bhaktdarshan Shrivastava, Ashutosh Mishra, Nagesh Dagaonkar </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock364359" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: The resistance of a liquid to flow and the molecules of a liquid exhibit intermolecular attraction for each another and are called its viscosity and surface tension. Surface tension is measured as the energy required to increase the surface area of a liquid by a unit of area. Viscosity is governed by the strength of intermolecular forces and especially by the shapes of the molecules of a liquid. The surface tension of a liquid results from an imbalance of intermolecular attractive forces, the cohesive forces between molecules. The change in free energy during a reaction, it is a direct measure of the amount disorder that is created in the universe when the reaction occurs. A thermo-dynamic quantity combining enthalpy and entropy into a single value is called the Gibbs free energy 螖G. The value of 螖G for a reaction is a direct measure of how far the reaction is from equilibrium. The large negative value for ATP hydrolysis in a cell merely reflects the fact that cells keep the ATP hydrolysis reaction as much as 10 orders of magnitude away from the equilibrium. The change of free energy is equal to the sum of its enthalpy plus the product of the temperature and entropy of the system. The characteristic time for a system to reach an equilibrium condition after a disturbance is called relaxation time. <i>Adansonia Digitata</i> (AnD) fruit collected from Mandav District Dhar (M.P.). The entire chemical used in this study analytical grade. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock364359', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 226 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/DDF.348.232">Numerical Study of the Effect of the Relative Depth on the Overtopping Wave Energy Converters According to Constructal Design</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Elizaldo Domingues dos Santos, Bianca Neves Machado, Marcos Moisés Zanella, Mateus das Neves Gomes, Jeferson Avila Souza, Liércio André Isoldi, Luiz Alberto Oliveira Rocha </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock364351" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: The conversion of wave energy in electrical one has been increasingly studied. One example of wave energy converter (WEC) is the overtopping device. Its main operational principle consists of a ramp which guides the incoming waves into a reservoir raised slightly above the sea level. The accumulated water in the reservoir flows through a low head turbine generating electricity. In this sense, it is performed a numerical study concerned with the geometric optimization of an overtopping WEC for various relative depths: <i>d</i>/位 = 0.3, 0.5 and 0.62, by means of Constructal Design. The main purpose is to evaluate the effect of the relative depth on the design of the ramp geometry (ratio between the ramp height and its length: <i>H</i><sub>1</sub>/<i>L</i><sub>1</sub>) as well as, investigate the shape which leads to the highest amount of water that insides the reservoir. In the present simulations, the conservation equations of mass, momentum and one equation for the transport of volumetric fraction are solved with the finite volume method (FVM). To tackle with water-air mixture, the multiphase model Volume of Fluid (VOF) is used. Results showed that the optimal shape, (<i>H</i><sub>1</sub>/<i>L</i><sub>1</sub>)<sub>o</sub>, has a strong dependence of the relative depth, i.e., there is no universal shape that leads to the best performance of an overtopping device for several wave conditions. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock364351', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 232 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/DDF.348.245">Constructal Design of Y-Shaped Conductive Pathways for Cooling a Heat-Generating Body</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Cristina dos Santos Horbach, Elizaldo Domingues dos Santos, Liércio André Isoldi, Luiz Alberto Oliveira Rocha </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock364352" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: This paper applies constructal design to obtain numerically the configuration that facilitates the access of the heat that flows through Y-shaped pathways of a high-conductivity material embedded within a square-shaped heat-generating medium of low-conductivity to cooling this finite-size volume. The objective is to minimize the maximal excess of temperature of the whole system, i.e., the hot spots, independent of where they are located. The total volume and the volume of the material of high thermal conductivity are fixed. Results show that there is no universal optimal geometry for the Y-shaped pathways for every value of high conductivity investigated here. For small values of high thermal conductivity material the best shape presented a well defined format of Y. However, for larger values of high thermal conductivity the best geometry tends to a V-shaped (i.e., the length of stem is suppressed and the bifurcated branches penetrates deeply the heat-generating body towards the superior corners). A comparison between the Y-shaped pathway configuration with a simpler I-shaped blade and with X-shaped configuration was also performed. For constant values of area fraction occupied with a high-conductivity material and the ratio between the high thermal conductivity material and low conductivity of the heat-generating body (蠁 = 0.1 and = 100) the Y-shaped pathways performed 46% and 13% better when compared to I-shaped and X-shaped pathway configuration, respectively. The best thermal performance is obtained when the highest temperatures (hot spots) are better distributed in the temperature field, i.e., according to the constructal principle of optimal distribution of imperfections. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock364352', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 245 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/DDF.348.261">Evaluation of the Structural Integrity of the Jet Pumps of a Boiling Water Reactor under Hydrodynamic Loading</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Noel M. Cuahquentzi, Luis H.H. Gómez, Pablo R. López, Guillermo Urriolagoitia-Calderón, Juan Alfonso Beltrán-Fernández, G. Urriolagoitia-Sosa, Enrique F. Cuamatzi, Arturo O. Ramírez, Beatriz R. Ángeles </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock364353" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: The structural integrity of a jet pump assembly of a boiling water reactor (BWR) under hydrodynamic loading was evaluated. This arrangement, which has a riser joined with a couple of jet pumps by the transition piece, is part of the reactor recirculation system. It is submerged in water under pressure. The main function is to induce forced flow through the core of the reactor. A dynamic structural analysis was carried out with the finite element method. The first ten modes of vibration and their natural frequencies were calculated. The first five natural frequencies are in the range between 25 Hz and 40 Hz. In this analysis, it was considered that the jet pump assembly is supported at the riser brace. The restrainer bracket keeps together the riser with the two jet pumps and there is free movement at the slip joints. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock364353', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 261 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/DDF.348.273">The Roles of CFD in Enhancing Teaching and Learning Process and its Potentials in Solving Real Engineering Issues</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Norzelawati Asmuin, A. Ismail </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock364354" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is able to enhance unseen problems using numerical methods and algorithms in solving fluid dynamics which is related to real engineering life. Implementations through experiments are very costly. However, due to constraint in space problem, time and money, CFD is economic for engineers, especially young employer in current trends of teaching and industries globally. This research is focusing on CFD education that contributes to solve real engineering issues. A few strategies are projected in CFD for teaching and learning by validation and comparison analysis. The performance of experimental validation are different from traditional experiments and testing. Some variables such as Reynolds number, turbulence kinetic energy, coefficient of variation and cavitations number are parameters which can be detected in a CFD approach. The results from CFD are validated by experiments or real world and by comparison with other software. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock364354', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 273 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/DDF.348.279">Numerical Investigation of the Viscous Dissipation Term on 2D Heat Transfer</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: M.D. de Campos, E.C. Romão, L.F. Mendes de Moura </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock364355" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: In this paper are analyzed, using high-order finite difference method, applications in which the viscous dissipation term can be neglected or not in the heat transfer equation. Some examples using various numerical values for the velocity field show that the viscous dissipation does not affect significantly the temperature field. Using the<i> L</i><sub>2</sub> norm, the numerical solution is compared with some examples that have an analytical solution. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock364355', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 279 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/DDF.348.285">An Efficient Technique of Linearization towards Fourth Order Finite Differences for Numerical Solution of the 1D Burgers Equation</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: M.M. Cruz, M.D. Campos, J.A. Martins, E.C. Romão </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock364358" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: This work aims to solve the 1D Burgers equation, which represents a simplification of the Navier-Stokes equation, supposing the yielding only at <i>x</i>-direction and without pressure gradient. For such a solution, an implicit scheme (Cranck-Nicolson method) with a fourth order precision in space is utilized. The main contribution of this work is the application of a linearization technique of the non-linear term (advective term), and then, towards the analytical and numerical results from literature, validate and demonstrate it as being highly satisfactory. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock364358', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 285 </div> </div> <div class="block-bottom-pagination"> <div class="pager-info"> <p>Showing 21 to 30 of 30 Paper Titles</p> </div> <div class="pagination-container"><ul class="pagination"><li class="PagedList-skipToPrevious"><a href="/DDF.348/2" rel="prev"><</a></li><li><a href="/DDF.348">1</a></li><li><a href="/DDF.348/2">2</a></li><li class="active"><span>3</span></li></ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="social-icon-popup"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Scientific.Net.Ltd/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon facebook-popup-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/Scientific_Net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon twitter-popup-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/scientificnet/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon linkedin-popup-icon social-icon"></i></a> </div> </div> <div class="sc-footer"> <div class="footer-fluid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="footer-menu col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <ul class="list-inline menu-font"> <li><a href="/ForLibraries">For Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/ForPublication/Paper">For Publication</a></li> <li><a href="/insights" target="_blank">Insights</a></li> <li><a href="/DocuCenter">Downloads</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/AboutUs">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="/PolicyAndEthics/PublishingPolicies">Policy & Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/Contacts">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/Imprint">Imprint</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/PrivacyPolicy">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/Sitemap">Sitemap</a></li> <li><a href="/Conferences">All Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="/special-issues">All Special Issues</a></li> <li><a href="/news/all">All News</a></li> <li><a href="/read-and-publish-agreements">Read & Publish Agreements</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="line-footer"></div> <div class="footer-fluid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Scientific.Net.Ltd/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon facebook-footer-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/Scientific_Net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon twitter-footer-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/scientificnet/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon linkedin-footer-icon social-icon"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="line-footer"></div> <div class="footer-fluid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 footer-copyright"> <p> © 2024 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. 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Defect and Diffusion Forum Vol. 348 | p. 3 | Scientific.Net