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(midrasha)">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Nishmat%22+midrasha">"Nishmat" midrasha</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Nishmat%22+midrasha+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Nishmat%22+midrasha&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Nishmat%22+midrasha+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Nishmat%22+midrasha">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Nishmat%22+midrasha&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nishmat.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Nishmat.png/220px-Nishmat.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Nishmat.png/330px-Nishmat.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Nishmat.png/440px-Nishmat.png 2x" data-file-width="770" data-file-height="542" /></a><figcaption>Nishmat - Women's Midrasha in Jerusalem</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Nishmat: The Jeanie Schottenstein Center for Advanced Torah Study for Women</b> is an institution of higher <a href="/wiki/Torah_learning" class="mw-redirect" title="Torah learning">Torah learning</a> for women, or <i><a href="/wiki/Midrasha" title="Midrasha">midrasha</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-nishmat_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nishmat-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was one of the first educational frameworks to teach <a href="/wiki/Talmud" title="Talmud">Talmud</a> to women. It is a pioneer in certification of women as <i>Yoatzot Halacha,</i> experts in the intersection of women's health and Halacha. Nishmat opened in the <a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Moshe" title="Kiryat Moshe">Kiryat Moshe</a> neighborhood of <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> and later moved to <a href="/wiki/Bayit_VeGan" title="Bayit VeGan">Bayit VeGan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is currently located in the <a href="/wiki/Pat_(Jerusalem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pat (Jerusalem)">Pat</a> neighborhood of <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nishmat_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nishmat-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nishmat_(midrasha)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nishmat was founded in 1990 by Rabbanit Chana Henkin. Now situated in Jerusalem's Pat neighborhood, west of Katamon, Nishmat is a center for women's scholarship, leadership, and social responsibility. Ten years after its founding, Nishmat created the new religious role of <a href="/wiki/Yoetzet_Halacha" class="mw-redirect" title="Yoetzet Halacha">Yoatzot Halacha</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> women halachic advisors. At the same time, the school established what has become an acclaimed advancement program for Ethiopian-Israelis, coupling Jewish studies with an intensive program moving young Ethiopian women from the social margins to the mainstream of Israeli society. </p><p>In 1995, Nishmat filed a discrimination lawsuit in Israel's High Court. The complaint was that male students received a monthly allowance of 375 <a href="/wiki/Israeli_new_shekel" title="Israeli new shekel">NIS</a>, 280% more than female students, who each received 135 NIS.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, the first class of female <a href="/wiki/Halacha" class="mw-redirect" title="Halacha">halachic</a> advisers trained to practice in the US graduated; they graduated from the North American branch of <a href="/wiki/Nishmat" title="Nishmat">Nishmat</a>’s yoetzet halacha program in a ceremony at Congregation Shearith Israel, Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue in Manhattan.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Programs">Programs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nishmat_(midrasha)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Programs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to general programs in advanced Jewish studies, Nishmat has a program to train <a href="/wiki/Yoetzet_Halacha" class="mw-redirect" title="Yoetzet Halacha">Yoatzot</a>, advisers in <a href="/wiki/Halakha" title="Halakha">Jewish law</a> concerning matters particular to women, such as laws of <a href="/wiki/Niddah" title="Niddah">Niddah</a> (family purity), contraception and health issues.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hotline was established in 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to community roles, the Yoatzot operate a 24-hour hotline, for women with questions regarding Jewish family law. </p><p>Nishmat offers text-based learning programs to women of different ages and background. The English-speaking programs offer beginners, intermediate and advanced level <i>shiurim</i> (classes). Nishmat offers <i>chevruta</i>-based (pairs) learning. There is a strong emphasis on developing skills for independent textual study within an atmosphere stressing spiritual growth and a strong commitment to Jewish Law. </p><p>In 2004, Nishmat began a one-year program called <i>Shana Ba'aretz</i> for American students who wanted to study in Israel during their gap year before college. All students learn in the <i>bet midrash</i> (study room) together, regardless of program, background or age. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nishmat_(midrasha)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_feminism" title="Jewish feminism">Jewish feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_women_in_Judaism" class="mw-redirect" title="Role of women in Judaism">Role of women in Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torah_study" title="Torah study">Torah study</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matan_Women%27s_Institute_for_Torah_Studies" title="Matan Women's Institute for Torah Studies">Matan Women's Institute for Torah Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midreshet_Lindenbaum" title="Midreshet Lindenbaum">Midreshet Lindenbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midreshet_Ein_HaNetziv" class="mw-redirect" title="Midreshet Ein HaNetziv">Midreshet Ein HaNetziv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drisha_Institute" title="Drisha Institute">Drisha Institute</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nishmat_(midrasha)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-nishmat-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nishmat_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nishmat_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nishmat.net">Nishmat</a>. Accessed September 2022.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jerusalem diaries: In tense times By Judy Lash Balint: page 130</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jewish feminism in Israel: some contemporary perspectives By Kalpana Misra, Melanie S. Rich: page 37</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://yoatzot.org">Yoatzot</a>. Accessed September 2022.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gordon, E. (1995). <i>Jerusalem Post</i> 5 Feb 1995. Page 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/landmark-us-program-graduates-first-female-halachic-advisers/">"Landmark US program graduates first female halachic advisers"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Israel" title="The Times of Israel">The Times of Israel</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=Landmark+US+program+graduates+first+female+halachic+advisers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Flandmark-us-program-graduates-first-female-halachic-advisers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANishmat+%28midrasha%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Leora_Tanenbaum" title="Leora Tanenbaum">Leora Tanenbaum</a>, <i>Taking back God: American women rising up for religious equality</i>. Page 237.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kalpana Misra and Melanie S. Rich. <i>Jewish Feminism in Israel: Some Contemporary Perspectives</i>. Page 36.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nishmat_(midrasha)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nishmat.net">Nishmat, The Jeanie Schottenstein Center for Advanced Torah Study for Women</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jcpa.org/jl/jl429.htm">Rochelle Furstenburg, "The Fourishing of Jewish Higher Education for Women." Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs, Jerusalem Letter, May 1, 2000</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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id="Orthodox_Yeshivas_in_Israel_and_the_West_Bank" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_yeshivas,_midrashas_and_Hebrew_schools_in_Israel_and_the_West_Bank" title="List of yeshivas, midrashas and Hebrew schools in Israel and the West Bank">Orthodox Yeshivas</a> in <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> and the <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yeshivot</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Aderet_Eliyahu" title="Yeshivat Aderet Eliyahu">Aderet Eliyahu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aish_HaTorah" title="Aish HaTorah">Aish HaTorah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ateret_Cohanim#Yeshivat_Ateret_Yerushalayim" title="Ateret Cohanim">Ateret Yerushalayim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivas_Bais_Yisroel" title="Yeshivas Bais Yisroel">Yeshivas Bais Yisroel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_El_yeshiva" title="Beit El yeshiva">Beit El</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bircas_HaTorah" title="Bircas HaTorah">Bircas HaTorah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Birkat_Moshe" title="Yeshivat Birkat Moshe">Birkat Moshe (Hesder)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derech_Etz_Chaim" title="Derech Etz Chaim">Derech Etz Chaim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvar_Yerushalayim" title="Dvar Yerushalayim">Dvar Yerushalayim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Eretz_HaTzvi" title="Yeshivat Eretz HaTzvi">Eretz HaTzvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etz_Chaim_Yeshiva" title="Etz Chaim Yeshiva">Etz Chaim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_HaRaayon_HaYehudi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yeshivat HaRaayon HaYehudi">HaRaayon HaYehudi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Har_Bracha" title="Yeshivat Har Bracha">Har Bracha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Har_Etzion" title="Yeshivat Har Etzion">Har Etzion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_HaKotel" title="Yeshivat HaKotel">HaKotel (Hesder)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Hamivtar" class="mw-redirect" title="Yeshivat Hamivtar">Hamivtar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Har_Hamor" title="Har Hamor">Har Hamor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Fischel_Institute_for_Talmudic_Research" title="Harry Fischel Institute for Talmudic Research">Harry Fischel Institute for Talmudic Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivas_Itri" title="Yeshivas Itri">Itri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivas_Kaminetz_(Jerusalem)" title="Yeshivas Kaminetz (Jerusalem)">Kaminetz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Kerem_B%27Yavneh" title="Yeshivat Kerem B'Yavneh">Kerem B'Yavneh (Hesder)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kisse_Rahamim_yeshivah" title="Kisse Rahamim yeshivah">Kisse Rahamim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knesses_Chizkiyahu" title="Knesses Chizkiyahu">Knesses Chizkiyahu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kol_Torah" title="Kol Torah">Kol Torah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakewood_East" title="Lakewood East">Lakewood East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Lev_Hatorah" title="Yeshivat Lev Hatorah">Lev Hatorah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Ma%27ale_Gilboa" title="Yeshivat Ma'ale Gilboa">Yeshivat Ma'ale Gilboa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Ma%27alot" title="Yeshivat Ma'alot">Ma'alot Yaakov (Hesder)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maarava_Machon_Rubin" title="Maarava Machon Rubin">Maarava Machon Rubin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machon_Meir" title="Machon Meir">Machon Meir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marbeh_Torah" title="Marbeh Torah">Marbeh Torah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayanot" title="Mayanot">Mayanot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meah_Shearim_Yeshiva_and_Talmud_Torah" title="Meah Shearim Yeshiva and Talmud Torah">Meah Shearim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercaz_HaRav" title="Mercaz HaRav">Mercaz HaRav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercaz_Hatorah" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercaz Hatorah">Mercaz Hatorah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midrash_Shmuel_Yeshiva" title="Midrash Shmuel Yeshiva">Midrash Shmuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_yeshiva_(Jerusalem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mir yeshiva (Jerusalem)">Mir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_Brachfeld" title="Mir Brachfeld">Mir Brachfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Netiv_Aryeh" title="Yeshivat Netiv Aryeh">Netiv Aryeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivas_Neveh_Zion" title="Yeshivas Neveh Zion">Neveh Zion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshiva_Ohr_Elchonon_(Jerusalem)" title="Yeshiva Ohr Elchonon (Jerusalem)">Ohr Elchonon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohr_Somayach,_Jerusalem" title="Ohr Somayach, Jerusalem">Ohr Somayach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Ohr_Yerushalayim" title="Yeshivat Ohr Yerushalayim">Ohr Yerushalayim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Or_Vishua" title="Yeshivat Or Vishua">Or Vishua (Hesder)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Or_Etzion" title="Yeshivat Or Etzion">Or Etzion (Hesder)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Otniel" title="Yeshivat Otniel">Otniel (Hesder)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ateret_Cohanim#Yeshiva_Otzmat_Yerushalayim" title="Ateret Cohanim">Otzmat Yerushalayim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshiva_Pachad_Yitzchok" title="Yeshiva Pachad Yitzchok">Pachad Yitzchok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Hesder_Petah_Tikva" title="Yeshivat Hesder Petah Tikva">Petah Tikva (Hesder)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponevezh_Yeshiva" title="Ponevezh Yeshiva">Ponevezh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porat_Yosef_Yeshiva" title="Porat Yosef Yeshiva">Porat Yosef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressburg_Yeshiva_(Jerusalem)" title="Pressburg Yeshiva (Jerusalem)">Pressburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaar_Hashamayim_Yeshiva" title="Shaar Hashamayim Yeshiva">Shaar Hashamayim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sfas_Emes_Yeshiva" title="Sfas Emes Yeshiva">Sfas Emes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yeshivat_Shavei_Hevron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yeshivat Shavei Hevron (page does not exist)">Shavei Hevron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slabodka_yeshiva_(Bnei_Brak)" title="Slabodka yeshiva (Bnei Brak)">Slabodka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torah_Ore" title="Torah Ore">Torah Ore</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Torat_Emes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torat Emes (page does not exist)">Torat Emes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomchei_Tmimim" title="Tomchei Tmimim">Tomchei Tmimim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Torat_HaChaim" title="Yeshivat Torat HaChaim">Torat HaChaim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshiva_Toras_Moshe" title="Yeshiva Toras Moshe">Toras Moshe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesder_Yeshiva_of_Sderot" title="Hesder Yeshiva of Sderot">Sderot (Hesder)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Sha%27alvim" title="Yeshivat Sha'alvim">Sha'alvim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Shilo" class="mw-redirect" title="Yeshivat Shilo">Shilo (Hesder)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yashlatz" title="Yashlatz">Yerushalayim L’Tzeirim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_HaHesder_Yerucham" title="Yeshivat HaHesder Yerucham">Yerucham (Hesder)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Midrashot</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beth_Jacob_Jerusalem" title="Beth Jacob Jerusalem">Beth Jacob Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EYAHT" title="EYAHT">EYAHT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machon_Gold" title="Machon Gold">Machon Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayanot" title="Mayanot">Mayanot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midreshet_Aviv" class="mw-redirect" title="Midreshet Aviv">Midreshet Aviv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midreshet_Binat" class="mw-redirect" title="Midreshet Binat">Midreshet Binat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midreshet_HaRova" title="Midreshet HaRova">Midreshet HaRova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midreshet_Lindenbaum" title="Midreshet Lindenbaum">Midreshet Lindenbaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tal_Institute#Midreshet_Ma.27amakim" title="Tal Institute">Midreshet Ma'amakim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migdal_Oz_(seminary)" title="Migdal Oz (seminary)">Migdal Oz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neve_Yerushalayim" title="Neve Yerushalayim">Neve Yerushalayim</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nishmat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Michlala" class="mw-redirect" title="Jerusalem Michlala">Jerusalem Michlala</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Women_rabbis_and_Torah_scholars" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Women_rabbis" title="Template:Women rabbis"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Women_rabbis" title="Template talk:Women rabbis"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Women_rabbis" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Women rabbis"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Women_rabbis_and_Torah_scholars" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Women_rabbis_and_Torah_scholars" title="Women rabbis and Torah scholars">Women rabbis and Torah scholars</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_women_rabbis" title="Timeline of women rabbis">Timeline of women rabbis</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-modern <br />figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bible and Talmud</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deborah" title="Deborah">Deborah</a> (1107–1067 BCE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruriah" title="Bruriah">Bruriah</a> (2nd century)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medieval and <br />early modern era</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rashi%27s_daughters" title="Rashi's daughters">Rashi's daughters</a> (11th–12th century)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bat_ha-Levi" title="Bat ha-Levi">Bat ha-Levi</a> (12th century)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paula_Dei_Mansi" title="Paula Dei Mansi">Paula Dei Mansi</a> (13th century)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miriam_Shapira-Luria" title="Miriam Shapira-Luria">Miriam Shapira-Luria</a> (14th century)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fioretta_of_Modena" title="Fioretta of Modena">Fioretta of Modena</a> (1522–1580)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayla_Falk" title="Bayla Falk">Bayla Falk</a> (16th century)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eva_Bacharach" title="Eva Bacharach">Eva Bacharach</a> (1580–1651)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asenath_Barzani" title="Asenath Barzani">Asenath Barzani</a> (1590–1670)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frehat_Bat_Avraham" title="Frehat Bat Avraham">Frehat Bat Avraham</a> (d. 1756)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maiden_of_Ludmir" title="Maiden of Ludmir">Maiden of Ludmir</a> (1805–1888)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RJonas2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/RJonas2.png/100px-RJonas2.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/RJonas2.png/150px-RJonas2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/RJonas2.png/200px-RJonas2.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Modern figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Frank" title="Ray Frank">Ray Frank</a> (1861–1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lily_Montagu" title="Lily Montagu">Lily Montagu</a> (1873–1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regina_Jonas" title="Regina Jonas">Regina Jonas</a> (1902–1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehilla_Lichtenstein" title="Tehilla Lichtenstein">Tehilla Lichtenstein</a> (1893–1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paula_Ackerman" title="Paula Ackerman">Paula Ackerman</a> (1893–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Neumark" title="Martha Neumark">Martha Neumark</a> (1904–1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avis_Clamitz" title="Avis Clamitz">Avis Clamitz</a> (1908-1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Levinthal" title="Helen Levinthal">Helen Levinthal</a> (1910–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sally_Priesand" title="Sally Priesand">Sally Priesand</a> (b. 1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimi_Feigelson" title="Mimi Feigelson">Mimi Feigelson</a> (b. 1963)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">First ordination <br />by denomination</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regina_Jonas" title="Regina Jonas">Regina Jonas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Reform_Judaism" title="Reform Judaism">Reform</a>, 1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Eisenberg_Sasso" title="Sandy Eisenberg Sasso">Sandy Sasso</a> (<a href="/wiki/Reconstructionist_Judaism" title="Reconstructionist Judaism">Reconstructionist</a>, 1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Gottlieb" title="Lynn Gottlieb">Lynn Gottlieb</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jewish_Renewal" title="Jewish Renewal">Renewal</a>, 1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Eilberg" title="Amy Eilberg">Amy Eilberg</a> (<a href="/wiki/Conservative_Judaism" title="Conservative Judaism">Conservative</a>, 1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamara_Kolton" title="Tamara Kolton">Tamara Kolton</a> (<a href="/wiki/Humanistic_Judaism" title="Humanistic Judaism">Humanistic</a>, 1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Hurwitz" title="Sara Hurwitz">Sara Hurwitz</a> (<a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Judaism" title="Orthodox Judaism">Orthodox</a>, 2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alternate <br />rabbinical roles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoetzet_halacha" title="Yoetzet halacha">Yoetzet halacha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Toanot_Rabniyot" title="Toanot Rabniyot">Toanot Rabniyot</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations<br />and <a href="/wiki/Midrasha" title="Midrasha"><i>midrashot</i></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Rabbinic_Network" title="Women's Rabbinic Network">Women's Rabbinic Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharat" title="Maharat">Yeshivat Maharat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matan_Women%27s_Institute_for_Torah_Studies" title="Matan Women's Institute for Torah Studies">Matan Women's Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midreshet_Lindenbaum" title="Midreshet Lindenbaum">Midreshet Lindenbaum</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nishmat Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadran_(organization)" title="Hadran (organization)">Hadran</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Women_rabbis" title="Category:Women rabbis">Category: Women rabbis</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Women_in_Judaism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Women_in_Judaism" title="Template:Women in Judaism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Women_in_Judaism" title="Template talk:Women in Judaism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Women_in_Judaism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Women in Judaism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Women_in_Judaism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Judaism" title="Women in Judaism">Women in Judaism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Judaism" title="Women in Judaism">Women in Judaism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_Bible" title="Women in the Bible">In the Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_women_in_early_modern_period" title="Jewish women in early modern period">Early modern period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_women_in_the_Holocaust" title="Jewish women in the Holocaust">In the Holocaust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Israel" title="Women in Israel">In Israel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_and_Judaism" class="mw-redirect" title="Gender and Judaism">Gender and Judaism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matrilineality_in_Judaism" title="Matrilineality in Judaism">Matrilineality in Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bat-Kohen" title="Bat-Kohen">Bat-Kohen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bat_Levi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bat Levi">Bat Levi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_and_Jewish_studies" title="Gender and Jewish studies">Gender and Jewish studies</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="History" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Women%27s_Congress" title="Jewish Women's Congress">Jewish Women's Congress</a> (1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1902_Kosher_Meat_Boycott" class="mw-redirect" title="1902 Kosher Meat Boycott">1902 Kosher Meat Boycott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_New_York_City_Rent_Strike" class="mw-redirect" title="1904 New York City Rent Strike">1904 New York City Rent Strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1906_Tonsil_Riots" title="1906 Tonsil Riots">1906 Tonsil Riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1907_New_York_City_Rent_Strike" class="mw-redirect" title="1907 New York City Rent Strike">1907 New York City Rent Strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_shirtwaist_strike_of_1909" title="New York shirtwaist strike of 1909">1909 Shirtwaist Strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_World_Congress_of_Jewish_Women" title="First World Congress of Jewish Women">World Congress of Jewish Women</a> (1923, 1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Torah_Project" title="Women's Torah Project">Women's Torah Project</a> (2003–2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Siyum_HaShas" class="mw-redirect" title="Women's Siyum HaShas">Women's Siyum HaShas</a> (2020)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Feminism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_feminism" title="Jewish feminism">Jewish feminism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Jewish_feminism" title="Orthodox Jewish feminism">Orthodox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminism_in_Israel" title="Feminism in Israel">Israeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizrahi_feminism" title="Mizrahi feminism">Mizrahi</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life cycle events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zeved_habat" title="Zeved habat"><i>Zeved habat</i> / <i>Simchat bat</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar_and_bat_mitzvah" title="Bar and bat mitzvah"><i>Bar</i> and <i>bat mitzvah</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adult_bar_and_bat_mitzvah" title="Adult bar and bat mitzvah">For adults</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girls%27_Day_(Judaism)" title="Girls' Day (Judaism)">Girls' Day (<i>Chag habanot</i>)</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Marriage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_views_on_marriage" title="Jewish views on marriage">Marriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shidduch" title="Shidduch">Matchmaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketubah" title="Ketubah">Marriage contract</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shalom_bayit" title="Shalom bayit">Marital harmony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Head_covering_for_Jewish_women" title="Head covering for Jewish women">Head covering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balabusta" title="Balabusta">Homemaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niddah" title="Niddah">Ritual purity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mikvah" class="mw-redirect" title="Mikvah">Ritual immersion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Get_(divorce_document)" title="Get (divorce document)">Divorce</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Agunah" title="Agunah">Agunah</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Practices and concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gender_separation_in_Judaism" title="Gender separation in Judaism">Gender separation</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tzniut" title="Tzniut">Tzniut</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Negiah" title="Negiah">Negiah</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yichud" title="Yichud">Yichud</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judaism_and_abortion" title="Judaism and abortion">Abortion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Israel" title="Abortion in Israel">In Israel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_views_on_contraception" title="Jewish views on contraception">Birth control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judaism_and_sexuality" title="Judaism and sexuality">Sexuality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_and_Judaism" class="mw-redirect" title="Homosexuality and Judaism">Homosexuality</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prayer and study</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tkhine" title="Tkhine">Tkhine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tseno_Ureno" class="mw-redirect" title="Tseno Ureno">Tseno Ureno</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partnership_minyan" title="Partnership minyan">Partnership <i>minyan</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tefillin_Barbie" title="Tefillin Barbie">Tefillin Barbie</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Midrasha" title="Midrasha">Midrasha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mechitza" title="Mechitza">Mechitza</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_the_Women" title="Court of the Women">Court of the Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious roles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rebbetzin" title="Rebbetzin">Rebbetzin</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_rabbis_and_Torah_scholars" title="Women rabbis and Torah scholars">Rabbis and Torah scholars</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_women_rabbis" title="Timeline of women rabbis">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoetzet_halacha" title="Yoetzet halacha">Yoetzet halacha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Toanot_Rabniyot" title="Toanot Rabniyot">Toanot Rabniyot</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soferet" class="mw-redirect" title="Soferet">Scribe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chazante" class="mw-redirect" title="Chazante">Cantor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_women_hazzans" title="Timeline of women hazzans">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Firzogerin" title="Firzogerin">Firzogerin</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aminadav_(organization)" title="Aminadav (organization)">Aminadav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bat_Kol_(organization)" title="Bat Kol (organization)">Bat Kol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%27not_Esh" title="B'not Esh">B'not Esh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Women%27s_Justice" title="Center for Women's Justice">CWJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chochmat_Nashim" title="Chochmat Nashim">Chochmat Nashim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eshel_(organization)" title="Eshel (organization)">Eshel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadassah_Women%27s_Zionist_Organization_of_America" title="Hadassah Women's Zionist Organization of America">Hadassah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadran_(organization)" title="Hadran (organization)">Hadran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haifa_Women%27s_Coalition" title="Haifa Women's Coalition">Haifa Women's Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Women%27s_Network" title="Israel Women's Network">Israel Women's Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Orthodox_Feminist_Alliance" title="Jewish Orthodox Feminist Alliance">JOFA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Women%27s_Archive" title="Jewish Women's Archive">JWA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Women_Artists%27_Circle" title="Jewish Women Artists' Circle">Women Artists' Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Women%27s_Committee_to_End_the_Occupation" title="Jewish Women's Committee to End the Occupation">JWCEO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Women%27s_Collaborative_International_Fund" title="Jewish Women's Collaborative International Fund">JWCIF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Women_International" title="Jewish Women International">JWI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Kohenet_Institute" title="The Kohenet Institute">Kohenet Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolech" title="Kolech">Kolech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Jewish_Women" title="League of Jewish Women">League of Jewish Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharat" title="Maharat">Maharat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27yan" title="Ma'yan">Ma'yan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%27shei_Chabad" title="N'shei Chabad">N'shei Chabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Na%27amat" title="Na'amat">Na'amat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Jewish_Women" title="National Council of Jewish Women">NCJW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lo_Nivcharot,_Lo_Bocharot" title="Lo Nivcharot, Lo Bocharot">Nivcharot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philomath_Club" title="Philomath Club">Philomath Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi_Alpha_Tau" title="Pi Alpha Tau">Pi Alpha Tau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Jewish_Women" title="Union of Jewish Women">Union of Jewish Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_Cantors_Network" title="Women Cantors Network">Cantors Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_of_Reform_Judaism" title="Women of Reform Judaism">Women of Reform Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_of_the_Wall" title="Women of the Wall">WoW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_for_the_Wall" title="Women for the Wall">W4W</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_International_Zionist_Organization" title="Women's International Zionist Organization">WIZO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_League_for_Conservative_Judaism" title="Women's League for Conservative Judaism">WLCJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_League_for_Israel" title="Women's League for Israel">WLI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Rabbinic_Network" title="Women's Rabbinic Network">Women's Rabbinic Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Spirit" title="Women's Spirit">Women's Spirit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocolot" title="Vocolot">Vocolot</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historic / defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clara_de_Hirsch_Home_for_Working_Girls" title="Clara de Hirsch Home for Working Girls">Clara de Hirsch Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Di_Vilde_Chayes" title="Di Vilde Chayes">Di Vilde Chayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Jewish_Women_(Germany)" title="League of Jewish Women (Germany)">League of Jewish Women (Germany)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_League_for_Woman_Suffrage" title="Jewish League for Woman Suffrage">Jewish League for Woman Suffrage (UK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Orchestra_of_Auschwitz" title="Women's Orchestra of Auschwitz">Women's Orchestra of Auschwitz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Binah_(magazine)" title="Binah (magazine)">Binah</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hadassah_Magazine" title="Hadassah Magazine">Hadassah Magazine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lilith_(magazine)" title="Lilith (magazine)">Lilith</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_American_Jewess" title="The American Jewess">The American Jewess</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Orthodox_Jewish_schools_for_women" title="Category:Orthodox Jewish schools for women">Orthodox Jewish schools for women</a></li></ul> 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