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mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Fluida rootpage-Fluida skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Lompat ke isi</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu utama" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu utama</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu utama</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigasi </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" title="Kunjungi Halaman Utama [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Halaman Utama</span></a></li><li id="n-Daftar-isi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Isi"><span>Daftar isi</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terbaru" title="Daftar perubahan terbaru dalam wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terbaru</span></a></li><li id="n-Artikel-pilihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_pilihan/Topik"><span>Artikel pilihan</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Peristiwa_terkini" title="Temukan informasi tentang peristiwa terkini"><span>Peristiwa terkini</span></a></li><li id="n-newpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_baru"><span>Halaman baru</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_sembarang" title="Tampilkan sembarang halaman [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Halaman sembarang</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Komunitas" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Komunitas" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunitas </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Warung-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi"><span>Warung Kopi</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Komunitas" title="Tentang proyek, apa yang dapat Anda lakukan, di mana untuk mencari sesuatu"><span>Portal komunitas</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Tempat mencari bantuan."><span>Bantuan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal"><span>Tentang Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Pancapilar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar"><span>Pancapilar</span></a></li><li id="n-Kebijakan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman"><span>Kebijakan</span></a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami"><span>Hubungi kami</span></a></li><li id="n-Bak-pasir" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bak_pasir"><span>Bak pasir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Bagikan" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Bagikan emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bagikan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensiklopedia Bebas" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-id.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pencarian" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Pencarian</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Telusuri Wikipedia" aria-label="Telusuri Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Istimewa:Pencarian"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cari</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Perkakas pribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tampilan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id" class=""><span>Menyumbang</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Fluida" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class=""><span>Buat akun baru</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Fluida" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Masuk log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas pribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id"><span>Menyumbang</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Fluida" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buat akun baru</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Fluida" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Besaran_fisika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Besaran_fisika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Besaran fisika</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Besaran_fisika-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Besaran fisika</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Besaran_fisika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Massa_jenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Massa_jenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Massa jenis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Massa_jenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prinsip_dasar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prinsip_dasar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Prinsip dasar</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Prinsip_dasar-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Prinsip dasar</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Prinsip_dasar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hukum_Pascal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hukum_Pascal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Hukum Pascal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hukum_Pascal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prinsip_Archimedes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prinsip_Archimedes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Prinsip Archimedes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prinsip_Archimedes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Jenis</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Jenis-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Jenis</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Jenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Berdasarkan_sifatnya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Berdasarkan_sifatnya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Berdasarkan sifatnya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Berdasarkan_sifatnya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Berdasarkan_pergerakannya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Berdasarkan_pergerakannya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Berdasarkan pergerakannya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Berdasarkan_pergerakannya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aliran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aliran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Aliran</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Aliran-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Aliran</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Aliran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aliran_laminar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aliran_laminar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Aliran laminar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aliran_laminar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aliran_transisi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aliran_transisi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Aliran transisi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aliran_transisi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aliran_turbulen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aliran_turbulen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Aliran turbulen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aliran_turbulen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pengukuran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pengukuran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Pengukuran</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Pengukuran-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Pengukuran</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Pengukuran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tekanan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tekanan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Tekanan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tekanan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Piezometer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Piezometer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Piezometer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Piezometer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Lihat pula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Referensi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Catatan_kaki" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catatan_kaki"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Catatan kaki</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Catatan_kaki-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Daftar_pustaka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Daftar_pustaka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Daftar pustaka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Daftar_pustaka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Fluida</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 76 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-76" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">76 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vloeier" title="Vloeier – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Vloeier" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluido" title="Fluido – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Fluido" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B2" title="तरल – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="तरल" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B9" title="مائع – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مائع" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluy%C3%ADu" title="Fluyíu – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Fluyíu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ax%C4%B1%C5%9Fqan" title="Axışqan – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Axışqan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86" title="آخیشقان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آخیشقان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Флуид – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Флуид" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%80" title="প্রবাহী – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রবাহী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid" title="Fluid – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Fluid" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid" title="Fluid – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fluid" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tekutina" title="Tekutina – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tekutina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid" title="Fluid – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Fluid" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid" title="Fluid – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fluid" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CF%8C" title="Ρευστό – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρευστό" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid" title="Fluid – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Fluid" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flua%C4%B5o" title="Fluaĵo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fluaĵo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluido" title="Fluido – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fluido" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voolis" title="Voolis – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Voolis" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluido" title="Fluido – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Fluido" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84" title="سیال – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluidi" title="Fluidi – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Fluidi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluide_(mati%C3%A8re)" title="Fluide (matière) – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fluide (matière)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sreabh%C3%A1n" title="Sreabhán – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sreabhán" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flu%C3%ADdo" title="Fluído – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Fluído" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%9D" title="זורם – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זורם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B2" title="तरल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तरल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid" title="Fluid – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Fluid" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fliyid" title="Fliyid – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Fliyid" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6zeg" title="Közeg – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Közeg" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluido" title="Fluido – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Fluido" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvikefni" title="Kvikefni – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kvikefni" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluido" title="Fluido – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fluido" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93" title="流体 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="流体" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D2%9B%D2%9B%D1%8B%D1%88_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Аққыш заттар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Аққыш заттар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%B2%B4" title="유체 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유체" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eileme" title="Şileme – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Şileme" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluidum" title="Fluidum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Fluidum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid" title="Fluid – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Fluid" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fl%C3%BCid" title="Flüid – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Flüid" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flu%C4%ABds" title="Fluīds – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Fluīds" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanaka" title="Hanaka – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Hanaka" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Флуид – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Флуид" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%82" title="ദ്രവം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ദ്രവം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%82%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Урсамтгай бодис – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Урсамтгай бодис" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bendalir" title="Bendalir – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bendalir" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid" title="Fluid – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Fluid" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flu%C3%AFdum" title="Fluïdum – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fluïdum" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluidum" title="Fluidum – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Fluidum" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid" title="Fluid – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Fluid" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0" title="ਵਗਣਹਾਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਗਣਹਾਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%82yn" title="Płyn – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Płyn" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluido" title="Fluido – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fluido" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid" title="Fluid – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fluid" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B8%D0%B4_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Флюид (физика) – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Флюид (физика)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid" title="Fluid – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Fluid" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BD" title="තරල – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="තරල" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid" title="Fluid – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Fluid" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tekutina" title="Tekutina – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Tekutina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teko%C4%8Dina" title="Tekočina – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tekočina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rrjedh%C3%ABsi" title="Rrjedhësi – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rrjedhësi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Флуид – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Флуид" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid" title="Fluid – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fluid" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பாய்மம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பாய்மம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5" title="ของไหล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ของไหล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluwido" title="Pluwido – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pluwido" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ak%C4%B1%C5%9Fkan" title="Akışkan – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Akışkan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%97%D0%B4" title="Флюїд – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Флюїд" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84_(%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%81)" title="سیال (مادہ) – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سیال (مادہ)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fl%C3%B9ido" title="Flùido – Venesia" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Flùido" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BA%A5t_l%C6%B0u" title="Chất lưu – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chất lưu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93" title="流体 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="流体" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93" title="流体 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="流体" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%BB-th%C3%A9" title="Liû-thé – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Liû-thé" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94" title="流體 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="流體" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umtshoko" title="Umtshoko – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Umtshoko" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q102205#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Fluida" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan:Fluida&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi (halaman belum tersedia) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span 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[h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header 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wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Fluida" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&oldid=26031480" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Fluida&id=26031480&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFluida"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFluida"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Fluida"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Fluida&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fluid" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q102205" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Simulated_laminar_flow.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Simulated_laminar_flow.jpg/220px-Simulated_laminar_flow.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Simulated_laminar_flow.jpg/330px-Simulated_laminar_flow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Simulated_laminar_flow.jpg/440px-Simulated_laminar_flow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Visualisasi aliran di sekitar objek berbentuk airfoil yang divisualisasikan dengan gelembung udara, difoto di Shanghai Science and Technology Museum</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Fluida</b> atau <b>zalir</b> (zat alir)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalim_dan_Taib201852_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESalim_dan_Taib201852-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> adalah segala jenis <a href="/wiki/Zat" title="Zat">zat</a> yang dapat mengalir dalam wujud <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gas</a> maupun <a href="/wiki/Cairan" title="Cairan">cairan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbdullah2016713_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbdullah2016713-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Berdasarkan pergerakannya, fluida dibedakan menjadi fluida statik dan fluida dinamik.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESinuraya,_Wahyuni,_dan_Panggabean201893-94_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESinuraya,_Wahyuni,_dan_Panggabean201893-94-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fluida adalah sub-himpunan dari <a href="/wiki/Fase_benda" title="Fase benda">fase benda</a>, termasuk cairan, gas, <a href="/wiki/Plasma" class="mw-disambig" title="Plasma">plasma</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plastik_(fisika)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plastik (fisika) (halaman belum tersedia)">padat plastik</a>. Fluida memiliki sifat tidak menolak terhadap perubahan bentuk dan kemampuan untuk mengalir (atau umumnya kemampuannya untuk mengambil bentuk dari wadah mereka). Sifat ini biasanya dikarenakan sebuah fungsi dari ketidakmampuan mereka mengadakan <a href="/wiki/Tegangan_geser" title="Tegangan geser">tegangan geser</a> dalam <a href="/wiki/Ekuilibrium" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Ekuilibrium">ekuilibrium</a> statik. Konsekuensi dari sifat ini adalah <a href="/wiki/Hukum_Pascal" title="Hukum Pascal">hukum Pascal</a> yang menekankan pentingnya <a href="/wiki/Tekanan" title="Tekanan">tekanan</a> dalam menggolongkan bentuk fluida. Fluida adalah zat atau entitas yang terdeformasi secara berkesinambungan apabila diberi tegangan geser walau sekecil apapun tegangan geser itu. </p><p>Berdasarkan arah tekanan menuji garis alirnya, fluida dibagi menjadi 2 jenis, yaitu <a href="/wiki/Fluida_Newtonian" title="Fluida Newtonian">fluida Newtonian</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Fluida_non-Newtonian" title="Fluida non-Newtonian">fluida non-Newtonian</a>. Fluida juga dibagi menjadi cairan dan gas. Cairan membentuk permukaan bebas (yaitu, permukaan yang tidak diciptakan oleh bentuk wadahnya), sedangkan gas tidak dapat membentuk permukaan secara bebas. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Besaran_fisika">Besaran fisika</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Besaran fisika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Besaran fisika"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Massa_jenis">Massa jenis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Massa jenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Massa jenis"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Massa_jenis" title="Massa jenis">Massa jenis</a> fluida sama dengan jumlah <a href="/wiki/Massa" title="Massa">massa</a> fluida dalam tiap satuan <a href="/wiki/Volume" title="Volume">volume</a>. Pada volume yang kecil, massa jenis fluida merupakan hasil bagi antara massa fluida dan volumenya. Pengertian ini hanya digunakan pada fluida yang memiliki volume yang kecil dan dapat diamati secara menyeluruh oleh <a href="/wiki/Penglihatan" title="Penglihatan">penglihatan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbdullah2016716_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbdullah2016716-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada fluida dengan volume yang sangat besar, massa jenis fluida tidak memiliki nilai yang tetap. Perubahan nilai massa jenis fluida dipengaruhi oleh kedalaman pengukuran fluida di dalam cairan. Nilai massa jenis fluida meningkat seiring bertambahnya <a href="/wiki/Kedalaman_ruang" title="Kedalaman ruang">kedalaman ruang</a> pada cairan. Massa jenis fluida yang nilainya tidak tetap terjadi pada <a href="/wiki/Bendungan" title="Bendungan">bendungan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samudra" title="Samudra">lautan</a> maupun <a href="/wiki/Atmosfer_Bumi" title="Atmosfer Bumi">atmosfer</a>. Pada atmosfer, nilai massa jenis semakin kecil bila fluida diukur pada posisi yang semakin jauh dari <a href="/wiki/Litosfer" title="Litosfer">permukaan Bumi</a>. Nilai massa jenis fluida yang berubah-ubah diukur dengan menambahkan faktor <a href="/wiki/Turunan" title="Turunan">diferensiasi</a> massa dan volume fluida.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbdullah2016716_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbdullah2016716-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prinsip_dasar">Prinsip dasar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Prinsip dasar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Prinsip dasar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hukum_Pascal">Hukum Pascal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Hukum Pascal" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Hukum Pascal"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hukum Pascal merupakan <a href="/wiki/Hukum_fisika" title="Hukum fisika">hukum fisika</a> yang dibuat oleh seorang <a href="/wiki/Ilmuwan" title="Ilmuwan">ilmuwan</a> berkebangsaan <a href="/wiki/Prancis" title="Prancis">Prancis</a> yaitu <a href="/wiki/Blaise_Pascal" title="Blaise Pascal">Blaise Pascal</a>. Pascal menyatakan bahwa pada titik sembarang di dalam fluida, perubahan tekanan apapun yang diberikan pada fluida yang berada dalam ruangan tertutup akan tetap diteruskan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEListiana,_dkk.200911-14_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEListiana,_dkk.200911-14-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hukum Pascal menyatakan bahwa setiap bagian fluida akan menerima tekanan yang sama di tiap bagian permukaannya jika fluida berada dalam ruangan tertutup. Tekanan dengan nilai yang sama juga dialami oleh permukaan dinding yang membatasi fluida dalam ruang tertutup. Hukum Pascal dikemukakan oleh Blaise Pascal (1623-1662 M) pada tahun 1653 M. </p><p><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung,_H._D.,_dkk.2002427_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung,_H._D.,_dkk.2002427-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prinsip_Archimedes">Prinsip Archimedes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Prinsip Archimedes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Prinsip Archimedes"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Massa jenis fluida juga menerapkan <a href="/wiki/Prinsip_Archimedes" title="Prinsip Archimedes">prinsip Archimedes</a>. Benda akan tenggelam jika massa jenis benda lebih besar daripada fluidanya. Ini merupakan akibat dari gaya apung yang lebih kecil dari berat benda. Sebaliknya, benda akan mengapung jika massa jenis benda sama dengan fluidanya. Ini merupakan akibat dari gaya apung yang sama dengan berat benda.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEListiana,_dkk.200911-6_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEListiana,_dkk.200911-6-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jenis">Jenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Jenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Jenis"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Berdasarkan_sifatnya">Berdasarkan sifatnya</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Berdasarkan sifatnya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Berdasarkan sifatnya"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Berdasarkan sifatnya, fluida dibedakan menjadi fluida ideal dan fluida sejati. Fluida ideal tidak dapat mengalami perubahan volume akibat perubahan tekanan. Selain itu, fluida ideal dapat berpindah tanpa mengalami <a href="/wiki/Gaya_gesek" title="Gaya gesek">gesekan</a>, sehingga <a href="/wiki/Kekentalan" title="Kekentalan">viskositas</a>nya sama dengan nol. Sedangkan fluida sejati adalah fluida yang dapat mengalami perubahan volume akibat perubahan tekanan dan dapat mengalami gesekan saat berpindah dengan nilai viskositas tertentu.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESinuraya,_Wahyuni,_dan_Panggabean201894_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESinuraya,_Wahyuni,_dan_Panggabean201894-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Berdasarkan_pergerakannya">Berdasarkan pergerakannya</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Berdasarkan pergerakannya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Berdasarkan pergerakannya"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Berdasarkan <a href="/wiki/Gerak" title="Gerak">pergerakannya</a>, fluida dibedakan menjadi fluida statik dan fluida dinamik. Fluida statis merupakan fluida yang berada dalam keadaan tidak bergerak, sedangkan fluida dinamis merupakan fluida yang berada dalam keadaan bergerak.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aliran">Aliran</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Aliran" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Aliran"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aliran fluida merupakan <a href="/wiki/Perpindahan" title="Perpindahan">perpindahan</a> fluida yang membentuk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Garis_aliran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Garis aliran (halaman belum tersedia)">garis aliran</a> dengan <a href="/wiki/Kecepatan" title="Kecepatan">kecepatan</a> tertentu. Penandaan terhadap garis aliran adalah pada garis singgung antara tiap titik perpindahan fluida dengan pengamatan <a href="/wiki/Vektor" class="mw-disambig" title="Vektor">vektor</a> kecepatan. Berdasarkan garis aliran ini, aliran fluida terbagi menjadi aliran stasioner dan aliran non-stasioner. Aliran stasioner terbentuk ketika garis aliran berimpit dengan arah aliran setiap saat. Sementara aliran non-stasioner adalah aliran yang selalu tidak berimpit dengan garis alirannya. Kedua jenis aliran ini akhirnya juga membentuk tabung aliran, yang merupakan suatu ruangan berbentuk <a href="/wiki/Tabung" class="mw-disambig" title="Tabung">tabung</a> dengan pembatas berupa kumpulan garis aliran.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESuharto201357_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESuharto201357-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kecepatan aliran fluida berbeda-beda pada tiap penampang dan ditentukan berdasarkan jumlah tabung alirannya. Aliran fluida ini diamati dalam bentuk <a href="/wiki/Cairan" title="Cairan">cairan</a> yang mengalir dengan satuan <a href="/wiki/Waktu" title="Waktu">waktu</a> sepanjang bagian pengaliran. Satuan yang digunakan untuk menetapkan nilai alirannya dapat berupa satuan <a href="/wiki/Volume" title="Volume">volume</a>, satuan <a href="/wiki/Berat" title="Berat">berat</a> atau satuan <a href="/wiki/Massa" title="Massa">massa</a> dari tiap unit.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESuharto201358-59_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESuharto201358-59-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>Pada cairan yang tidak mengalami <a href="/wiki/Tekanan" title="Tekanan">tekanan</a> akibat keberadaan aliran stasioner, nilai kecepatan alirannya selalu konstan pada tiap bagian dari tabung alirannya.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESuharto201359_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESuharto201359-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tabung aliran yang tidak memiliki luas penampang mempunyai batas ruangan yang sama dengan garis aliran. Pada kondisi tanpa penampang, tabung aliran mempunyai vektor kecepatan yang sama nilainya dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tangensial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tangensial (halaman belum tersedia)">tangensial</a> antara bagian permukaannya. Pada bagian <a href="/wiki/Dinding" title="Dinding">dinding</a> pembatas, tidak terjadi perpindahan partikel, karena tabung aliran ini tidak mempunyai komponen kecepatan yang normal.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESuharto201358_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESuharto201358-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aliran_laminar">Aliran laminar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Aliran laminar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Aliran laminar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aliran laminar merupakan aliran fluida yang terbentuk sebagai akibat dari tidak adanya gangguan pada pengaliran fluida di tiap lapisan yang saling sejajar. Kondisi ini membuat garis aliran dari masing-masing aliran fluida tidak saling berpotongan. Karakteristik dari aliran laminar adalah tidak membentuk pusaran, persilangan maupun percampuran garis aliran. Setiap partikel di dalam fluida bergerak serenjang dengan arah garis aliran secara teratur. Aliran laminar dipelajari dalam <a href="/wiki/Dinamika_fluida" title="Dinamika fluida">dinamika fluida</a>. Kondisi yang memungkinkan terbentuknya aliran laminar adalah fluida bergerak dengan kecepatan yang sangat lambat. Pembentukan aliran laminar juga dapat terjadi pada fluida yang memiliki tingkat <a href="/wiki/Kekentalan" title="Kekentalan">kekentalan</a> yang tinggi. <a href="/wiki/Difusi" title="Difusi">Difusi</a> <a href="/wiki/Momentum" title="Momentum">momentum</a> pada aliran laminar sangat besar. Sebaliknya, momentum <a href="/wiki/Konveksi" title="Konveksi">konveksi</a> yang dihasilkan oleh aliran laminar bernilai sangat kecil. Nilai <a href="/wiki/Bilangan_Reynolds" title="Bilangan Reynolds">bilangan Reynolds</a> pada aliran laminar selalu kurang dari 2000. Setelah waktu dan kondisi tertentu, aliran laminar akan berubah menjadi aliran turbulen.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKindangen201789_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKindangen201789-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aliran_transisi">Aliran transisi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Aliran transisi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Aliran transisi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aliran transisi merupakan aliran fluida dengan bentuk peralihan antara <a href="/wiki/Aliran_laminar" title="Aliran laminar">aliran laminar</a> menjadi <a href="/wiki/Aliran_turbulen" title="Aliran turbulen">aliran turbulen</a>. Keberadaan aliran transisi merupakan akibat dari perbedaan sifat antara aliran laminar dan aliran turbulen. Perbedaan sifa ini utamanya dalam hal kehilangan <a href="/wiki/Energi" title="Energi">energi</a> akibat <a href="/wiki/Gaya_gesek" title="Gaya gesek">gaya gesek</a>. Kehilangan energi ini terjadi selama pengaliran fluida. Status aliran transisi dapat diketahui melalui nilai <a href="/wiki/Bilangan_Reynolds" title="Bilangan Reynolds">bilangan Reynolds</a>. Aliran transisi dapat terbentuk ketika terjadi peningkatan pada nilai bilangan Reynolds dari aliran laminar. Nilai <a href="/wiki/Bilangan_Reynolds" title="Bilangan Reynolds">bilangan Reynolds</a> pada aliran transisi berada di dalam rentang bilangan Reynolds aliran laminar dan aliran turbulen. Kisaran nilainya antara 2000 hingga 4.000. Rentang nilai aliran transisi dipengaruhi oleh tingkat ketidaksempurnaan <a href="/wiki/Sistem" title="Sistem">sistem</a> aliran fluida beserta dengan tingkat gangguan lainnya. Setelah waktu dan kondisi tertentu, aliran transisi akan berubah menjadi aliran turbulen. Aliran transisi umumnya terbentuk pada aliran udara yang ber<a href="/wiki/Tumbukan" title="Tumbukan">tumbukan</a> dengan <a href="/wiki/Benda" title="Benda">benda</a> yang melengkung. Permukaan benda yang mengalami tumbukan umumnya berbentuk <a href="/wiki/Bola" title="Bola">bola</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKindangen201790_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKindangen201790-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aliran_turbulen">Aliran turbulen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Aliran turbulen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Aliran turbulen"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aliran turbulen merupakan aliran fluida yang memiliki <a href="/wiki/Kecepatan" title="Kecepatan">kecepatan</a> yang berubah-ubah. Di dalam aliran turbulen terdapat <a href="/wiki/Partikel" title="Partikel">partikel</a>-partikel yang bergerak secara acak dan tidak stabil. Garis aliranpada masing-masing partikel dalam aliran turbulen selalu saling berpotongan satu dengan yang lainnya. Aliran turbulen hanya dapat terbentuk pada kecepatan fluida yang sangat tinggi dengan nilai kecepatan yang selalu berubah-ubah setiap <a href="/wiki/Waktu" title="Waktu">waktu</a>. Aliran turbulen umumnya hanya terbentuk dalam waktu yang singkat. Setelahnya, aliran turbulen akan menghilang akibat partikel-partikel di dalamnya saling ber<a href="/wiki/Tumbukan" title="Tumbukan">tumbukan</a>. <a href="/wiki/Persamaan" title="Persamaan">Persamaan</a> <a href="/wiki/Matematika" title="Matematika">matematika</a> yang digunakan agar suatu aliran disebut sebagai aliran turbulen adalah <a href="/wiki/Bilangan_Reynolds" title="Bilangan Reynolds">bilangan Reynolds</a> tak-berdimensi. Suatu aliran fluida dinyatakan sebagai aliran turbulen ketika bilang Reynolds mencapai lebih dari 4000. Perhitungan bilangan Reynolds pada aliran turbulen menambahkan faktor gaya <a href="/wiki/Inersia" title="Inersia">inersia</a>, tetapi tidak menambahkan faktor gaya akibat <a href="/wiki/Kekentalan" title="Kekentalan">kekentalan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKindangen201790_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKindangen201790-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pengukuran">Pengukuran</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Pengukuran" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pengukuran"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tekanan">Tekanan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Sunting bagian: Tekanan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=14" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Tekanan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dalam perhitungan fluida, nilai tekanan lebih diutamakan untuk diketahui dibandingkan dengan gaya. Hal ini dilandasi oleh fenomena fluida yang memberikan tekanan sebagai hasil gaya yang terjadi padanya. Tekanan diartikan sebagai besarnya gaya <a href="/wiki/Serenjang" class="mw-redirect" title="Serenjang">serenjang</a> yang diberikan terhadap suatu permukaan tiap satuan luas.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan20215_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan20215-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gaya serenjang dihasilkan ke seluruh permukaan benda yang bersentuhan dengan fluida pada kondisi fluida yang tenang. Dalam kondisi ini, molekul-molekul di dalam fluida tetap bergerak, sehingga gaya yang timbul merupakan akibat dari <a href="/wiki/Tumbukan" title="Tumbukan">tumbukan</a> <a href="/wiki/Molekul" title="Molekul">molekul</a>-molekul.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung,_H._D.,_dkk.2002425_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung,_H._D.,_dkk.2002425-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Satuan tekanan yang umum digunakan dalam fluida adalah <a href="/wiki/Pascal" class="mw-disambig" title="Pascal">Pascal</a> yang setara dengan nilai 1 <a href="/wiki/Newton" title="Newton">Newton</a> per <a href="/wiki/Meter_persegi" title="Meter persegi">meter persegi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan20216_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan20216-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Besarnya tekanan yang diterima dari fluida menuju ke suatu bidang tertentu adalah sama dari arah manapun. Konsep ini berlaku baik bagi fluida diam maupun fluida yang bergerak.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan20219_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan20219-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tekanan yang dialami oleh fluida pada ruang terbuka berasal dari tekanan atmosfer. Pada tekanan atmosfer, fluida seakan-akan tidak menerima gaya apapun tetapi sebenarnya menerima tekanan atmosfer. Gaya tidak terukur karena permukaan bidang atmosfer sangat luas yaitu <a href="/wiki/Udara" title="Udara">udara</a>. Pada ketinggian tempat yang berbeda-beda, nilai tekanan atmosfer juga berbeda-beda.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan202112_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan202112-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sementara itu, nilai tekanan yang dialami oleh benda di dalam cairan atau merupakan nilai tekanan yang dihasilkan oleh fluida di <a href="/wiki/Lingkungan" title="Lingkungan">lingkungan</a> sekitarnya. Bila fluida yang berisi benda ini berada di ruang terbuka, maka nilai tekanannya merupakan penjumlahan antara tekanan atmosfer dan tekanan fluida. Hasil penjumlahan ini disebut sebagai tekanan pengukuran. Perhitungan fluida secara umum menggunakan nilai dari tekanan pengukuran. Ciri dari tekanan pengukuran ini adalah hanya dipengaruhi oleh kedalaman benda di dalam fluida.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan202112-13_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan202112-13-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Piezometer">Piezometer</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Sunting bagian: Piezometer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=15" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Piezometer"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pengukuran tekanan fluida salah satunya dapat menggunakan <a href="/wiki/Piezometer" title="Piezometer">piezometer</a>. Bentuk alat ukur piezometer sangat sederhana. Bagian piezometer hanya terdiri dari sebuah <a href="/wiki/Tabung" class="mw-disambig" title="Tabung">tabung</a> dengan salah satu sisi permukaannya terhubung ke bagian yang akan diukur tekanannya. Sementara itu, ujung lainnya tidak terhubung dengan apapun. Kekurangan dari piezometer adalah tidak dapat mengetahui nilai tekanan pada <a href="/wiki/Bejana" title="Bejana">bejana</a> ketika nilai tekanan atmosfer Bumi lebih besar dibandingkan dengan nilai tekanan di dalam bejana. Nilai tekanan yang diukur juga sangat kecil dan terbatas hanya pada pengukuran cairan.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan202117_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan202117-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat pula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=16" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat pula"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mekanika_fluida" title="Mekanika fluida">Mekanika fluida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rheologi" class="mw-redirect" title="Rheologi">Rheologi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Termodinamika" title="Termodinamika">Termodinamika</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=17" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Catatan_kaki">Catatan kaki</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Sunting bagian: Catatan kaki" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=18" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Catatan kaki"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESalim_dan_Taib201852-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESalim_dan_Taib201852_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSalim_dan_Taib2018">Salim dan Taib 2018</a>, hlm. 52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbdullah2016713-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbdullah2016713_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAbdullah2016">Abdullah 2016</a>, hlm. 713.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESinuraya,_Wahyuni,_dan_Panggabean201893-94-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESinuraya,_Wahyuni,_dan_Panggabean201893-94_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSinuraya,_Wahyuni,_dan_Panggabean2018">Sinuraya, Wahyuni, dan Panggabean 2018</a>, hlm. 93-94.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAbdullah2016716-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbdullah2016716_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAbdullah2016716_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAbdullah2016">Abdullah 2016</a>, hlm. 716.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEListiana,_dkk.200911-14-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEListiana,_dkk.200911-14_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFListiana,_dkk.2009">Listiana, dkk. 2009</a>, hlm. 11-14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung,_H._D.,_dkk.2002427-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung,_H._D.,_dkk.2002427_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYoung,_H._D.,_dkk.2002">Young, H. D., dkk. 2002</a>, hlm. 427.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEListiana,_dkk.200911-6-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEListiana,_dkk.200911-6_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFListiana,_dkk.2009">Listiana, dkk. 2009</a>, hlm. 11-6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESinuraya,_Wahyuni,_dan_Panggabean201894-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESinuraya,_Wahyuni,_dan_Panggabean201894_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSinuraya,_Wahyuni,_dan_Panggabean2018">Sinuraya, Wahyuni, dan Panggabean 2018</a>, hlm. 94.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Yuberti (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://repository.radenintan.ac.id/2978/1/Buku_Konsep_Materi_Fisika_Dasar_2__An_Yuberti.pdf"><i>Konsep Materi Fisika Dasar 2</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Bandar Lampung: Anugrah Utama Raharja (AURA). hlm. 26. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-602-1297-30-8" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-602-1297-30-8">978-602-1297-30-8</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230410192737/http://repository.radenintan.ac.id/2978/1/Buku_Konsep_Materi_Fisika_Dasar_2__An_Yuberti.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> dari versi asli tanggal 2023-04-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2021-01-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Konsep+Materi+Fisika+Dasar+2&rft.place=Bandar+Lampung&rft.pages=26&rft.pub=Anugrah+Utama+Raharja+%28AURA%29&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-602-1297-30-8&rft.au=Yuberti&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frepository.radenintan.ac.id%2F2978%2F1%2FBuku_Konsep_Materi_Fisika_Dasar_2__An_Yuberti.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AFluida" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESuharto201357-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESuharto201357_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSuharto2013">Suharto 2013</a>, hlm. 57.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESuharto201358-59-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESuharto201358-59_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSuharto2013">Suharto 2013</a>, hlm. 58-59.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESuharto201359-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESuharto201359_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSuharto2013">Suharto 2013</a>, hlm. 59.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESuharto201358-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESuharto201358_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSuharto2013">Suharto 2013</a>, hlm. 58.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKindangen201789-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKindangen201789_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKindangen2017">Kindangen 2017</a>, hlm. 89.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKindangen201790-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKindangen201790_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKindangen201790_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKindangen2017">Kindangen 2017</a>, hlm. 90.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan20215-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan20215_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAsraf_dan_Kurniawan2021">Asraf dan Kurniawan 2021</a>, hlm. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung,_H._D.,_dkk.2002425-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung,_H._D.,_dkk.2002425_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYoung,_H._D.,_dkk.2002">Young, H. D., dkk. 2002</a>, hlm. 425.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan20216-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan20216_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAsraf_dan_Kurniawan2021">Asraf dan Kurniawan 2021</a>, hlm. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan20219-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan20219_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAsraf_dan_Kurniawan2021">Asraf dan Kurniawan 2021</a>, hlm. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan202112-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan202112_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAsraf_dan_Kurniawan2021">Asraf dan Kurniawan 2021</a>, hlm. 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan202112-13-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan202112-13_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAsraf_dan_Kurniawan2021">Asraf dan Kurniawan 2021</a>, hlm. 12-13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan202117-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAsraf_dan_Kurniawan202117_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAsraf_dan_Kurniawan2021">Asraf dan Kurniawan 2021</a>, hlm. 17.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Daftar_pustaka">Daftar pustaka</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Sunting bagian: Daftar pustaka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluida&action=edit&section=19" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Daftar pustaka"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAbdullah2016" class="citation book">Abdullah, Mikrajuddin (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fmipa.itb.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2017/12/Diktat-Fisika-Dasar-I.pdf"><i>Fisika Dasar 1</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Bandung: Institut Teknologi Bandung. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220915120547/https://fmipa.itb.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2017/12/Diktat-Fisika-Dasar-I.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> dari versi asli tanggal 2022-09-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2021-01-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fisika+Dasar+1&rft.place=Bandung&rft.pub=Institut+Teknologi+Bandung&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Abdullah&rft.aufirst=Mikrajuddin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffmipa.itb.ac.id%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsites%2F7%2F2017%2F12%2FDiktat-Fisika-Dasar-I.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AFluida" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFAsraf_dan_Kurniawan2021" class="citation book">Asraf, A., dan Kurniawan, B. (2021). Darojah, Lia Inarotut, ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Fisika_Dasar_untuk_Sains_dan_Teknik_Jili/q-UhEAAAQBAJ?hl=id&gbpv=1&dq=mekanika+fluida&printsec=frontcover"><i>Fisika Dasar untuk Sains dan Teknik: Jilid 2 Mekanika Fluida dan Termodinamika</i></a>. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-602-444-955-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-602-444-955-1">978-602-444-955-1</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230722092211/https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Fisika_Dasar_untuk_Sains_dan_Teknik_Jili/q-UhEAAAQBAJ?hl=id&gbpv=1&dq=mekanika+fluida&printsec=frontcover">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2021-09-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fisika+Dasar+untuk+Sains+dan+Teknik%3A+Jilid+2+Mekanika+Fluida+dan+Termodinamika&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pub=Bumi+Aksara&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-602-444-955-1&rft.au=Asraf%2C+A.%2C+dan+Kurniawan%2C+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.co.id%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2FFisika_Dasar_untuk_Sains_dan_Teknik_Jili%2Fq-UhEAAAQBAJ%3Fhl%3Did%26gbpv%3D1%26dq%3Dmekanika%2Bfluida%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AFluida" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSalim_dan_Taib2018" class="citation book">Salim, Astuti; Taib, Suryani (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.id/books?id=biBsDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA52"><i>Fisika Dasar 1</i></a>. Deepublish. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-602-475-463-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-602-475-463-1">978-602-475-463-1</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230722092216/https://books.google.co.id/books?id=biBsDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA52">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2022-04-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fisika+Dasar+1&rft.pub=Deepublish&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-602-475-463-1&rft.aulast=Salim&rft.aufirst=Astuti&rft.au=Taib%2C+Suryani&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.id%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbiBsDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AFluida" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKindangen2017" class="citation book">Kindangen, Jefrey I. (2017). <i>Pendinginan Pasif untuk Arsitektur Tropis Lembab. Sleman</i>. Sleman: Deepublish. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-602-401-925-9" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-602-401-925-9">978-602-401-925-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pendinginan+Pasif+untuk+Arsitektur+Tropis+Lembab.+Sleman&rft.place=Sleman&rft.pub=Deepublish&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-602-401-925-9&rft.aulast=Kindangen&rft.aufirst=Jefrey+I.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AFluida" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFListiana,_dkk.2009" class="citation book">Listiana, dkk. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://repositori.uin-alauddin.ac.id/15457/1/Ilmu%20Pengetahuan%20Alam%202.pdf"><i>Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam 2</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Surabaya: LAPIS-PGMI. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-602-8542-06-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-602-8542-06-7">978-602-8542-06-7</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210131015559/http://repositori.uin-alauddin.ac.id/15457/1/Ilmu%20Pengetahuan%20Alam%202.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> dari versi asli tanggal 2021-01-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2021-01-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ilmu+Pengetahuan+Alam+2&rft.place=Surabaya&rft.pub=LAPIS-PGMI&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-602-8542-06-7&rft.au=Listiana%2C+dkk.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frepositori.uin-alauddin.ac.id%2F15457%2F1%2FIlmu%2520Pengetahuan%2520Alam%25202.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AFluida" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSinuraya,_Wahyuni,_dan_Panggabean2018" class="citation book">Sinuraya, J., Wahyuni, I., dan Panggabean, D. D. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digilib.unimed.ac.id/31684/1/FULLTEXT.pdf"><i>Buku Ajar Matakuliah Fisika SMA Disertai LKM Berorientasi ICARE</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Medan: CV. Harapan Cerdas. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-602-5799-20-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-602-5799-20-4">978-602-5799-20-4</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230530221024/http://digilib.unimed.ac.id/31684/1/FULLTEXT.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> dari versi asli tanggal 2023-05-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2021-01-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Buku+Ajar+Matakuliah+Fisika+SMA+Disertai+LKM+Berorientasi+ICARE&rft.place=Medan&rft.pub=CV.+Harapan+Cerdas&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-602-5799-20-4&rft.au=Sinuraya%2C+J.%2C+Wahyuni%2C+I.%2C+dan+Panggabean%2C+D.+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigilib.unimed.ac.id%2F31684%2F1%2FFULLTEXT.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AFluida" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSuharto2013" class="citation book">Suharto, Bambang (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Mekanika_Fluida/97UCEAAAQBAJ?hl=id&gbpv=1"><i>Mekanika Fluida</i></a> (edisi ke-2). Malang: UB Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230722092211/https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Mekanika_Fluida/97UCEAAAQBAJ?hl=id&gbpv=1">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2021-09-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mekanika+Fluida&rft.place=Malang&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=UB+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Suharto&rft.aufirst=Bambang&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.co.id%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2FMekanika_Fluida%2F97UCEAAAQBAJ%3Fhl%3Did%26gbpv%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AFluida" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFYoung,_H._D.,_dkk.2002" class="citation book">Young, H. D., dkk. (2002). Wibi H., H., dkk., ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Fisika_Universitas_Jl_1_10/pbzzr9B_rUEC?hl=id&gbpv=1&dq=mekanika+fluida&pg=PA424&printsec=frontcover"><i>Fisika Universitas Jilid 1</i></a> (edisi ke-10). Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/979-688-472-0" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/979-688-472-0">979-688-472-0</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230722092212/https://www.google.co.id/books/edition/Fisika_Universitas_Jl_1_10/pbzzr9B_rUEC?hl=id&gbpv=1&dq=mekanika+fluida&pg=PA424&printsec=frontcover">Diarsipkan</a> dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2021-09-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fisika+Universitas+Jilid+1&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.edition=10&rft.pub=Penerbit+Erlangga&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=979-688-472-0&rft.au=Young%2C+H.+D.%2C+dkk.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.co.id%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2FFisika_Universitas_Jl_1_10%2Fpbzzr9B_rUEC%3Fhl%3Did%26gbpv%3D1%26dq%3Dmekanika%2Bfluida%26pg%3DPA424%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AFluida" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url-status=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Banyak_nama:_authors_list" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list">link</a>) </span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25847331">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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aria-labelledby="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102205#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102205#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengawasan_otoritas" title="Bantuan:Pengawasan otoritas">Pengawasan otoritas</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102205#identifiers" title="Sunting ini di Wikidata"><img alt="Sunting ini di Wikidata" 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style="width:1%">Perpustakaan nasional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119773700">Prancis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119773700">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85049396">Amerika Serikat</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00569907">Jepang</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph126494&CON_LNG=ENG">Republik Ceko</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fluida&oldid=26031480">https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fluida&oldid=26031480</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Daftar_kategori" title="Istimewa:Daftar kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Fisika" title="Kategori:Fisika">Fisika</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Mekanika_fluida" title="Kategori:Mekanika fluida">Mekanika fluida</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori tersembunyi: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_dengan_rujukan_yang_menggunakan_parameter_yang_tidak_didukung" 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