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<button aria-controls="toc-概要-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>切換去概要細章節</span> </button> <ul id="toc-概要-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-陣營" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#陣營"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>陣營</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-陣營-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-特徵" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#特徵"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>特徵</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-特徵-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-美蘇嘅數據比較" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#美蘇嘅數據比較"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>美蘇嘅數據比較</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-美蘇嘅數據比較-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-冷戰史研究" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#冷戰史研究"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>冷戰史研究</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-冷戰史研究-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>切換去冷戰史研究細章節</span> </button> <ul id="toc-冷戰史研究-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-冷戰起源論嘅爭議" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#冷戰起源論嘅爭議"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>冷戰起源論嘅爭議</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-冷戰起源論嘅爭議-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-註" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#註"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>註</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-註-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>參考</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-睇埋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#睇埋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>睇埋</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-睇埋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目錄" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="開/收內容一覽" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">開/收內容一覽</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">冷戰</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="去睇另一種語文嘅文章。有172種語言版本。" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-172" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">172種語言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koue_Oorlog" title="Koue Oorlog – 南非荷蘭文" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Koue Oorlog" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalter_Krieg" title="Kalter Krieg – 德文（瑞士）" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kalter Krieg" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="德文（瑞士）" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%85%E1%8B%9D%E1%89%83%E1%8B%9B%E1%8B%8D_%E1%8C%A6%E1%88%AD%E1%8A%90%E1%89%B5" title="ቅዝቃዛው ጦርነት – 阿姆哈拉文" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቅዝቃዛው ጦርነት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_Fr%C3%ADa" title="Guerra Fría – 阿拉貢文" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Guerra Fría" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉貢文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ak%E1%BB%8Dn%CC%84_Ofiik" title="Akọn̄ Ofiik – 奧博洛文" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Akọn̄ Ofiik" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="奧博洛文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7" title="शीत युद्ध – 昂加文" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="शीत युद्ध" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="昂加文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="الحرب الباردة – 阿拉伯文" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الحرب الباردة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="لحرب لباردة – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لحرب لباردة" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87" title="حرب بارده – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="حرب بارده" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7" title="শীতল যুদ্ধ – 阿薩姆文" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="শীতল যুদ্ধ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿薩姆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_Fr%C3%ADa" title="Guerra Fría – 阿斯圖里亞文" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Guerra Fría" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯圖里亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soyuq_m%C3%BCharib%C9%99" title="Soyuq müharibə – 亞塞拜然文" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Soyuq müharibə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="亞塞拜然文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%82_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B4" title="سویوق ساواش – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سویوق ساواش" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%A1%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D2%BB%D1%83%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Һалҡын һуғыш – 巴什客爾文" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Һалҡын һуғыш" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什客爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuda_Dingin" title="Yuda Dingin – 峇里文" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Yuda Dingin" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="峇里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koida_Kriag" title="Koida Kriag – 巴伐利亞文" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Koida Kriag" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="巴伐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0altuoj%C4%97_vaina" title="Šaltuojė vaina – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Šaltuojė vaina" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Халодная вайна – 白俄羅斯文" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Халодная вайна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄羅斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Халодная вайна – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Халодная вайна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Студена война – 保加利亞文" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Студена война" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%85%E1%80%B2%E1%80%B7%EA%A9%BB%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B1%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%BD%EA%A9%BB%E1%80%90%E1%80%BD%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%EA%A9%BB%E1%80%95%E1%80%BD%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%EA%A9%BB" title="စဲ့ꩻယေန်ခွꩻတွိုက်ꩻပွယ်ꩻ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="စဲ့ꩻယေန်ခွꩻတွိုက်ꩻပွယ်ꩻ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7" title="স্নায়ুযুদ্ধ – 孟加拉文" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="স্নায়ুযুদ্ধ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brezel_Yen" title="Brezel Yen – 布列塔尼文" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Brezel Yen" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hladni_rat" title="Hladni rat – 波士尼亞文" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hladni rat" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波士尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Хүйтэн дайн – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Хүйтэн дайн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_Freda" title="Guerra Freda – 加泰羅尼亞文" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Guerra Freda" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰羅尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D1%82%D3%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Шийла тӀом – 車臣文" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Шийла тӀом" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="車臣文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%95%DA%95%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="شەڕی سارد – 索拉尼庫爾德文" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شەڕی سارد" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="索拉尼庫爾德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_freta" title="Guerra freta – 科西嘉文" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Guerra freta" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="科西嘉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suvuq_cenk" title="Suvuq cenk – 克里米亞半島的土耳其文；克里米亞半島的塔塔爾文" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Suvuq cenk" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="克里米亞半島的土耳其文；克里米亞半島的塔塔爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Studen%C3%A1_v%C3%A1lka" title="Studená válka – 捷克文" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Studená válka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B2%C4%95_%D0%B2%C4%83%D1%80%C3%A7%C4%83" title="Сивĕ вăрçă – 楚瓦什文" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сивĕ вăрçă" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y_Rhyfel_Oer" title="Y Rhyfel Oer – 威爾斯文" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Y Rhyfel Oer" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威爾斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_kolde_krig" title="Den kolde krig – 丹麥文" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Den kolde krig" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麥文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="好文"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalter_Krieg" title="Kalter Krieg – 德文" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kalter Krieg" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbo_Serd%C4%B1n" title="Herbo Serdın – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Herbo Serdın" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A8%CF%85%CF%87%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%A0%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Ψυχρός Πόλεμος – 希臘文" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ψυχρός Πόλεμος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希臘文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gu%C3%A8ra_fradda" title="Guèra fradda – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Guèra fradda" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War – 英文" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Cold War" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malvarma_milito" title="Malvarma milito – 世界文" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Malvarma milito" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_Fr%C3%ADa" title="Guerra Fría – 西班牙文" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Guerra Fría" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BClm_s%C3%B5da" title="Külm sõda – 愛沙尼亞文" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Külm sõda" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="愛沙尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerra_Hotza" title="Gerra Hotza – 巴斯克文" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gerra Hotza" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_Fria" title="Guerra Fria – 埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Guerra Fria" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="جنگ سرد – 波斯文" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جنگ سرد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kylm%C3%A4_sota" title="Kylmä sota – 芬蘭文" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kylmä sota" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BClm_s%C3%B5da" title="Külm sõda – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Külm sõda" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalda_kr%C3%ADggi%C3%B0" title="Kalda kríggið – 法羅文" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kalda kríggið" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="好文"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerre_froide" title="Guerre froide – 法文" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Guerre froide" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuul_Kriich" title="Kuul Kriich – 北弗里西亞文" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kuul Kriich" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuere_frede" title="Vuere frede – 弗留利文" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Vuere frede" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="弗留利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A2lde_Kriich" title="Kâlde Kriich – 西弗里西亞文" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kâlde Kriich" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Cogadh_Fuar" title="An Cogadh Fuar – 愛爾蘭文" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Cogadh Fuar" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="愛爾蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0" title="冷戰 – 贛語" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="冷戰" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="贛語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lag%C3%A8r_fr%C3%A8t" title="Lagèr frèt – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lagèr frèt" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cogadh_Fuar" title="Cogadh Fuar – 蘇格蘭蓋爾文" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Cogadh Fuar" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="蘇格蘭蓋爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_fr%C3%ADa" title="Guerra fría – 加里西亞文" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Guerra fría" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91orair%C3%B5_Ro%27y" title="Ñorairõ Ro'y – 瓜拉尼文" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ñorairõ Ro'y" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War – 豪撒文" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Cold War" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="豪撒文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A2ng-chan" title="Lâng-chan – 客家話" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Lâng-chan" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家話" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%94" title="המלחמה הקרה – 希伯來文" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המלחמה הקרה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7" title="शीतयुद्ध – 北印度文" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="शीतयुद्ध" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="北印度文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Cold War" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hladni_rat" title="Hladni rat – 克羅埃西亞文" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hladni rat" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidegh%C3%A1bor%C3%BA" title="Hidegháború – 匈牙利文" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hidegháború" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%BC%D5%A8_%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Սառը պատերազմ – 亞美尼亞文" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սառը պատերազմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亞美尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_Frigide" title="Guerra Frigide – 國際文" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Guerra Frigide" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="國際文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Dingin" title="Perang Dingin – 印尼文" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perang Dingin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nalamiis_a_Gubat" title="Nalamiis a Gubat – 伊洛闊文" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Nalamiis a Gubat" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="伊洛闊文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D1%82%D3%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Шийла тӀом – 印古什文" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Шийла тӀом" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="印古什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolda_milito" title="Kolda milito – 伊多文" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kolda milito" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalda_str%C3%AD%C3%B0i%C3%B0" title="Kalda stríðið – 冰島文" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kalda stríðið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰島文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_fredda" title="Guerra fredda – 義大利文" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Guerra fredda" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="義大利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E6%88%A6" title="冷戦 – 日文" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="冷戦" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuol_Waar" title="Kuol Waar – 牙買加克裏奧爾英文" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kuol Waar" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="牙買加克裏奧爾英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Adhem" title="Perang Adhem – 爪哇文" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Perang Adhem" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ცივი ომი – 喬治亞文" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ცივი ომი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="喬治亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salq%C4%B1n_ur%C4%B1s" title="Salqın urıs – 卡拉卡爾帕克文" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Salqın urıs" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="卡拉卡爾帕克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B9%AC%E1%B9%ADra%E1%B8%8D_asemma%E1%B8%8D" title="Ṭṭraḍ asemmaḍ – 卡比爾文" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ṭṭraḍ asemmaḍ" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡比爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C9%9Bnd%C9%9B%C5%8Bga_t%C9%9B%C9%9B_you" title="Tɛndɛŋga tɛɛ you – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Tɛndɛŋga tɛɛ you" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D1%8B%D1%80%D2%93%D0%B8_%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D2%9B_%D1%81%D0%BE%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Қырғи қабақ соғысы – 哈薩克文" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қырғи қабақ соғысы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈薩克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%82%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%8B" title="សង្គ្រាមត្រជាក់ – 高棉文" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សង្គ្រាមត្រជាក់" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="高棉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%B2_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%B0" title="ಶೀತಲ ಸಮರ – 坎那達文" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಶೀತಲ ಸಮರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="坎那達文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%83%89%EC%A0%84" title="냉전 – 韓文" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="냉전" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%8A_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Сууукъ къазауат – 卡拉柴-包爾卡爾文" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Сууукъ къазауат" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="卡拉柴-包爾卡爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eer%C3%AA_Sar" title="Şerê Sar – 庫爾德文" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Şerê Sar" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="庫爾德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bresel_Yeyn" title="Bresel Yeyn – 康瓦耳文" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Bresel Yeyn" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康瓦耳文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B7_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%88" title="Кансыз согуш – 吉爾吉斯文" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кансыз согуш" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="吉爾吉斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellum_frigidum" title="Bellum frigidum – 拉丁文" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Bellum frigidum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerra_Friya" title="Gerra Friya – 拉迪諾文" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Gerra Friya" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="拉迪諾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kale_Krich" title="Kale Krich – 盧森堡文" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kale Krich" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="盧森堡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B5" title="Къайи дяве – 列茲干文" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Къайи дяве" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="列茲干文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kouwe_Oorlog" title="Kouwe Oorlog – 林堡文" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kouwe Oorlog" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viera_Fr%C3%ABida" title="Viera Frëida – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Viera Frëida" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gu%C3%A8ra_fr%C3%A8gia" title="Guèra frègia – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Guèra frègia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A2%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99" title="ສົງຄາມເຢັນ – 寮文" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສົງຄາມເຢັນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="寮文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0altasis_karas" title="Šaltasis karas – 立陶宛文" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šaltasis karas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aukstais_kar%C5%A1" title="Aukstais karš – 拉脫維亞文" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Aukstais karš" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脫維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BA%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Якшамась торпингесь – 莫克沙文" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Якшамась торпингесь" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="莫克沙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ady_Mangatsiaka" title="Ady Mangatsiaka – 馬拉加什文" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ady Mangatsiaka" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="馬拉加什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Студена војна – 馬其頓文" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Студена војна" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="馬其頓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%82" title="ശീതയുദ്ധം – 馬來亞拉姆文" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ശീതയുദ്ധം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="馬來亞拉姆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Хүйтэн дайн – 蒙古文" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хүйтэн дайн" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7" title="शीत युद्ध – 馬拉地文" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="शीत युद्ध" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="馬拉地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Dingin" title="Perang Dingin – 馬來文" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perang Dingin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="馬來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_Frie" title="Guerra Frie – 米蘭德斯文" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Guerra Frie" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="米蘭德斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%85%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B2" title="စစ်အေးတိုက်ပွဲ – 緬甸文" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="စစ်အေးတိုက်ပွဲ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="緬甸文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%86%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF" title="بچا جنگ – 馬贊德蘭文" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="بچا جنگ" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="馬贊德蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koolt_Krieg" title="Koolt Krieg – 低地德文" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Koolt Krieg" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koolden_Oorlog" title="Koolden Oorlog – 低地薩克遜文" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Koolden Oorlog" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="低地薩克遜文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7" title="शीतयुद्ध – 尼泊爾文" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="शीतयुद्ध" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%83" title="शीत हताः – 尼瓦爾文" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="शीत हताः" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koude_Oorlog" title="Koude Oorlog – 荷蘭文" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koude Oorlog" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_kalde_krigen" title="Den kalde krigen – 耐諾斯克挪威文" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Den kalde krigen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="耐諾斯克挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="好文"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_kalde_krigen" title="Den kalde krigen – 巴克摩挪威文" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Den kalde krigen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="巴克摩挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraide_Dg%C3%A8rre" title="Fraide Dgèrre – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Fraide Dgèrre" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gu%C3%A8rra_Freja" title="Guèrra Freja – 奧克西坦文" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Guèrra Freja" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奧克西坦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%85%C3%A6%D1%81%D1%82" title="Уазал хæст – 奧塞提文" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Уазал хæст" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奧塞提文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A0%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A2%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97" title="ਠੰਢੀ ਜੰਗ – 旁遮普文" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਠੰਢੀ ਜੰਗ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guera_Friu" title="Guera Friu – 帕皮阿門托文" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Guera Friu" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="帕皮阿門托文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fro%C3%A9de_Dg%C3%A8re" title="Froéde Dgère – 庇卡底文" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Froéde Dgère" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="庇卡底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zimna_wojna" title="Zimna wojna – 波蘭文" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zimna wojna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gu%C3%A8ra_fr%C3%A8ida" title="Guèra frèida – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Guèra frèida" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%DA%BE%D9%86%DA%88%DB%8C_%D9%84%DA%91%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="ٹھنڈی لڑائی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ٹھنڈی لڑائی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%93%D9%87_%D8%AC%DA%AB%DA%93%D9%87" title="سړه جګړه – 普什圖文" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سړه جګړه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什圖文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_Fria" title="Guerra Fria – 葡萄牙文" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Guerra Fria" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_fraida" title="Guerra fraida – 羅曼斯文" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Guerra fraida" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="羅曼斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="好文"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_Rece" title="Războiul Rece – 羅馬尼亞文" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Războiul Rece" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="羅馬尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Холодная война – 俄文" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Холодная война" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Холодна война – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Холодна война" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8B_%D1%81%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Тымныы сэрии – 雅庫特文" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Тымныы сэрии" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="雅庫特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gherra_frida" title="Gherra frida – 撒丁文" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Gherra frida" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="撒丁文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_Fridda" title="Guerra Fridda – 西西里文" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Guerra Fridda" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauld_War" title="Cauld War – 蘇格蘭文" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Cauld War" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="蘇格蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF" title="سرد جنگ – 信德文" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سرد جنگ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hladni_rat" title="Hladni rat – 塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hladni rat" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B0%E0%B6%BA" title="නිරවි යුද්ධය – 僧伽羅文" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="නිරවි යුද්ධය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Cold War" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Studen%C3%A1_vojna" title="Studená vojna – 斯洛伐克文" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Studená vojna" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hladna_vojna" title="Hladna vojna – 斯洛維尼亞文" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hladna vojna" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛維尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagaalkii_Qaboobaa" title="Dagaalkii Qaboobaa – 索馬利文" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Dagaalkii Qaboobaa" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索馬利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lufta_e_Ftoht%C3%AB" title="Lufta e Ftohtë – 阿爾巴尼亞文" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Lufta e Ftohtë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿爾巴尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Хладни рат – 塞爾維亞文" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хладни рат" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koolde_Kriech" title="Koolde Kriech – 沙特菲士蘭文" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Koolde Kriech" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="沙特菲士蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Tiis" title="Perang Tiis – 巽他文" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Perang Tiis" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalla_kriget" title="Kalla kriget – 瑞典文" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kalla kriget" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="正文"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vita_baridi" title="Vita baridi – 史瓦希里文" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Vita baridi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="史瓦希里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="பனிப்போர் – 坦米爾文" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பனிப்போர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="坦米爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9B%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A7%E0%B0%82" title="ప్రచ్ఛన్నయుద్ధం – 泰盧固文" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ప్రచ్ఛన్నయుద్ధం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰盧固文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Ҷанги Сард – 塔吉克文" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷанги Сард" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%99" title="สงครามเย็น – 泰文" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สงครามเย็น" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sowuk_uru%C5%9F" title="Sowuk uruş – 土庫曼文" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Sowuk uruş" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="土庫曼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digmaang_Malamig" title="Digmaang Malamig – 塔加路族文" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Digmaang Malamig" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="塔加路族文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sard%C9%99_%C4%8Dang" title="Sardə čang – 塔里什文" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Sardə čang" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="塔里什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/So%C4%9Fuk_Sava%C5%9F" title="Soğuk Savaş – 土耳其文" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Soğuk Savaş" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Салкын сугыш – 韃靼文" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Салкын сугыш" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="韃靼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%BA%DB%87%D9%82_%D8%A6%DB%87%D8%B1%DB%87%D8%B4" title="سوغۇق ئۇرۇش – 維吾爾文" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="سوغۇق ئۇرۇش" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="維吾爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Холодна війна – 烏克蘭文" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Холодна війна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="烏克蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF" title="سرد جنگ – 烏都文" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سرد جنگ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="烏都文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovuq_urush" title="Sovuq urush – 烏茲別克文" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sovuq urush" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="烏茲別克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guera_Freda" title="Guera Freda – 威尼斯文" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Guera Freda" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilusoda" title="Vilusoda – 維普森文" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Vilusoda" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="維普森文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi%E1%BA%BFn_tranh_L%E1%BA%A1nh" title="Chiến tranh Lạnh – 越南文" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chiến tranh Lạnh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matugnaw_nga_Gyera" title="Matugnaw nga Gyera – 瓦瑞文" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Matugnaw nga Gyera" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E6%88%98" title="冷战 – 吳語" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="冷战" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吳語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%B7%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="რგილი ლჷმა – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რგილი ლჷმა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%92" title="קאלטער קריג – 意第緒文" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קאלטער קריג" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第緒文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengx_Can" title="Lengx Can – 壯文" lang="za" hreflang="za" 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<li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cold_War" hreflang="en"><span>維基同享</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8683" title="連到接住資料儲存庫嘅項目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>維基數據項</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="頁面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="閱讀設定"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">閱讀設定</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移去側欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">收埋</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">出自維基百科，自由嘅百科全書</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="yue" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cold_War_Map_1959.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Cold_War_Map_1959.svg/220px-Cold_War_Map_1959.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Cold_War_Map_1959.svg/330px-Cold_War_Map_1959.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Cold_War_Map_1959.svg/440px-Cold_War_Map_1959.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="477" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/1959%E5%B9%B4" title="1959年">1959年</a>冷戰形勢圖</figcaption></figure> <p><b>冷戰</b>（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%B2%B5%E6%96%87%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3" title="Wikipedia:粵文拼音">粵拼</a>：<span class="plainlinks" style="display:inline-block"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://yue.forvo.com/word/yue/冷戰/#yue"><span>laang<span class="Jpingtone">5</span> zin<span class="Jpingtone">3</span></span></a></span>）係<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" title="美國">美國</a>同埋<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF" title="蘇聯">蘇聯</a>以及佢哋嘅盟友之間由<a href="/wiki/1940%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="1940年代">1940年代</a>中至到去<a href="/wiki/1990%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="1990年代">1990年代</a>初一段衝突、緊張同埋競爭嘅時間<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>喺呢段期間，呢兩個<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E7%B4%9A%E5%BC%B7%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="超級強國">超級強國</a>喺唔同嘅方面嚟鬥：軍事聯盟、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BD%A2%E6%85%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="形態主義 (無呢版)">形態主義</a>、心理、軍事、科技（包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E7%AB%B6%E8%B3%BD" title="太空競賽">太空競賽</a>）、重有<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E6%AD%A6" title="核武">核武</a>等等。冷戰包括咗一個共產嘅東方同埋民主嘅西方之間嘅針對措施大交換，每邊都想令自己強大，而又想同時削弱對方嘅勢力，但係又唔想打「熱」戰。不過，冷戰鬥嘅第一樣嘢，就係鬥形態主義同埋理念。 </p><p>冷戰最終以1990年代前蘇聯瓦解同埋<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%AD%90" title="東歐">東歐</a>共產國家冧檔收尾。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NATO_vs._Warsaw_(1949-1990).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/NATO_vs._Warsaw_%281949-1990%29.png/220px-NATO_vs._Warsaw_%281949-1990%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/NATO_vs._Warsaw_%281949-1990%29.png/330px-NATO_vs._Warsaw_%281949-1990%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/NATO_vs._Warsaw_%281949-1990%29.png/440px-NATO_vs._Warsaw_%281949-1990%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2022" data-file-height="2022" /></a><figcaption>北約同華約對抗</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Buzz_salutes_the_U.S._Flag.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Buzz_salutes_the_U.S._Flag.jpg/220px-Buzz_salutes_the_U.S._Flag.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Buzz_salutes_the_U.S._Flag.jpg/330px-Buzz_salutes_the_U.S._Flag.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Buzz_salutes_the_U.S._Flag.jpg/440px-Buzz_salutes_the_U.S._Flag.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3929" data-file-height="3967" /></a><figcaption>美國太空人首先登陸月球，係人類第一次踏足地球之外嘅天體</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sino-Soviet_split_1980.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Sino-Soviet_split_1980.svg/220px-Sino-Soviet_split_1980.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Sino-Soviet_split_1980.svg/330px-Sino-Soviet_split_1980.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Sino-Soviet_split_1980.svg/440px-Sino-Soviet_split_1980.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="477" /></a><figcaption>蘇中決裂</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cold_War_Map_1980.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Cold_War_Map_1980.svg/220px-Cold_War_Map_1980.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Cold_War_Map_1980.svg/330px-Cold_War_Map_1980.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Cold_War_Map_1980.svg/440px-Cold_War_Map_1980.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="477" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/1980%E5%B9%B4" title="1980年">1980年</a>冷戰形勢圖</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="語源"><span id=".E8.AA.9E.E6.BA.90"></span>語源</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0&action=edit&section=1" title="編輯小節: 語源"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>第二次世界大戰結束前嘅<b><a href="/wiki/1945%E5%B9%B4" title="1945年">1945年</a>2月</b>至<b><a href="/wiki/1989%E5%B9%B4" title="1989年">1989年</a>12月</b>，持續咗44年。因為作為盟友嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" title="美國">美國</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF" title="蘇聯">蘇聯</a>之間冇直接發生軍事衝突，所以冇發生「熱戰」或「熱烈戰爭」。因此，「冷戰」呢個詞用來形容兩者之間冇直接軍事對抗嘅情況。 </p><p>「冷戰」呢個詞最早係<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E5%A5%A7%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="喬治·奧威爾 (無呢版)">喬治·奧威爾</a>用嚟評論<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E7%B4%8D%E5%A7%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="詹姆斯·伯納姆 (無呢版)">詹姆斯·伯納姆</a>嘅理論<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，後來<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%AF%E7%B4%8D%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E9%AD%AF%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伯納德·巴魯克 (無呢版)">伯納德·巴魯克</a>亦有使用過<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。美國政治評論家<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%83%E7%88%BE%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%9D%8E%E6%99%AE%E6%9B%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沃爾特·李普曼 (無呢版)">沃爾特·李普曼</a>喺<a href="/wiki/1947%E5%B9%B4" title="1947年">1947年</a>出版嘅書籍《冷戰——合眾國外交政策研究》中亦使用咗呢個表達，令到「冷戰」呢個詞全球廣為流傳。 </p><p>各陣營之間並非所有成員嘅利益完全一致，喺某啲<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="政策">政策</a>或者<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="外交">外交</a>關係上有時未必會合作，反映出呢係一個基於<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E8%AD%98%E5%BD%A2%E6%85%8B" title="意識形態">意識形態</a>嘅全面同盟同合作關係。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="概要"><span id=".E6.A6.82.E8.A6.81"></span>概要</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0&action=edit&section=2" title="編輯小節: 概要"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NATO_vs._Warsaw_(1949-1990).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/NATO_vs._Warsaw_%281949-1990%29.png/300px-NATO_vs._Warsaw_%281949-1990%29.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/NATO_vs._Warsaw_%281949-1990%29.png/450px-NATO_vs._Warsaw_%281949-1990%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/NATO_vs._Warsaw_%281949-1990%29.png/600px-NATO_vs._Warsaw_%281949-1990%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2022" data-file-height="2022" /></a><figcaption>冷戰時代嘅<span style="display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #005ED0; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/NATO" class="mw-redirect" title="NATO">NATO</a>各國同<span style="display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #E40000; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;"> </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8F%AF%E6%B2%99%E6%A2%9D%E7%B4%84%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="華沙條約組織 (無呢版)">華沙條約組織</a>各國嘅位置關係。以北極為中心嘅地圖可以比較忠實地顯示雙方嘅面積。</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Berlinermauer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Berlinermauer.jpg/220px-Berlinermauer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Berlinermauer.jpg/330px-Berlinermauer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Berlinermauer.jpg/440px-Berlinermauer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="913" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97%E5%9C%8D%E7%89%86" title="柏林圍牆">柏林圍牆</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:P-2H_Neptune_over_Soviet_ship_Oct_1962.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/P-2H_Neptune_over_Soviet_ship_Oct_1962.jpg/220px-P-2H_Neptune_over_Soviet_ship_Oct_1962.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/P-2H_Neptune_over_Soviet_ship_Oct_1962.jpg/330px-P-2H_Neptune_over_Soviet_ship_Oct_1962.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/P-2H_Neptune_over_Soviet_ship_Oct_1962.jpg/440px-P-2H_Neptune_over_Soviet_ship_Oct_1962.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1480" /></a><figcaption>冷戰時期嘅一個代表性事件——<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%B7%B4%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古巴危機 (無呢版)">古巴危機</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cold_War_Map_1959.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Cold_War_Map_1959.svg/220px-Cold_War_Map_1959.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Cold_War_Map_1959.svg/330px-Cold_War_Map_1959.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Cold_War_Map_1959.svg/440px-Cold_War_Map_1959.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="477" /></a><figcaption>1959年嘅世界狀況（顏色區分）<br />（酒紅色 = <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8F%AF%E6%B2%99%E6%A2%9D%E7%B4%84%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="華沙條約組織 (無呢版)">華沙條約</a> (WT) 成員國<br />朱紅色 = 蘇聯嘅其他盟友（東方國家）<br />深藍色 = <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E5%85%AC%E7%B4%84%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="北大西洋公約組織">北大西洋公約組織</a> (NATO) 成員國<br />淡藍色 = 美國嘅其他盟友（西方國家）<br />綠色 = <a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" title="殖民地">殖民地</a><br />灰色 = <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E7%B5%90%E7%9B%9F%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" class="mw-redirect" title="不結盟運動">不結盟國家</a>）</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cold_War_Map_1980.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Cold_War_Map_1980.svg/220px-Cold_War_Map_1980.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Cold_War_Map_1980.svg/330px-Cold_War_Map_1980.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Cold_War_Map_1980.svg/440px-Cold_War_Map_1980.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="477" /></a><figcaption>冷戰嘅多樣化——1980年嘅世界（顏色區分）<br />（酒紅色 = 華沙條約組織成員國 (WTO)<br />紅色 = 該條約成員國以外嘅<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E6%96%B9%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="東方國家 (無呢版)">東方國家</a><br />朱紅色 = 非共產主義國家嘅蘇聯盟友<br />深藍色 = 北大西洋公約組織 (NATO) 成員國<br />藍色 = 該條約成員國以外嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%B9%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="西方國家">西方國家</a><br />淺藍色 = 不結盟國家、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B8%E4%B9%85%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="永久中立國 (無呢版)">永久中立國</a> 黃色 = 孤立化<br />紅點 = 反資本主義游擊運動地區<br />藍點 = 反共游擊運動地區</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Redwing_Dakota.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Redwing_Dakota.jpg/220px-Redwing_Dakota.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Redwing_Dakota.jpg/330px-Redwing_Dakota.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Redwing_Dakota.jpg/440px-Redwing_Dakota.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1483" data-file-height="1177" /></a><figcaption>美國喺1945年至1992年間進行咗共1054次嘅核實驗</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="陣營"><span id=".E9.99.A3.E7.87.9F"></span>陣營</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0&action=edit&section=3" title="編輯小節: 陣營"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>喺冷戰期間，<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2" title="歐洲">歐洲</a>係雙方對立嘅界線，<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF" title="蘇聯">蘇聯</a>領導嘅<b>共產主義陣營</b>集中喺<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%AD%90" title="東歐">東歐</a>，所以叫做「<b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E6%96%B9%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="東方國家 (無呢版)">東方</a></b>」，而以美國領導嘅<b>資本主義陣營</b>集中喺<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%AD%90" title="西歐">西歐</a>，所以叫做「<b><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%B9%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="西方國家">西方</a></b>」。呢種對立唔單止影響到軍事、外交同經濟，仲對<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%8B%E7%99%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="太空開發 (無呢版)">太空開發</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="航空">航空</a>技術、文化、體育等方面都有重大影響。此外，喺冷戰嘅對立結構下，西歐嘅統合加快，走向了<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="歐洲共同體">歐洲共同體</a>嘅形成。由<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E7%88%BE%E5%A1%94%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="雅爾塔會議">雅爾塔會議</a>開始，到<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E7%88%BE%E4%BB%96%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬爾他會議 (無呢版)">馬爾他會議</a>結束，所以有「<b>從雅爾塔到馬爾他</b>」嘅說法。 </p><p>唔止喺歐洲，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="亞洲">亞洲</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%9D%B1" title="中東">中東</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="南美洲">南美洲</a>等地都出現咗各自嘅支持機構同盟，將世界分成兩大陣營。由於雙方之間嘅交流有限，經濟同人員交流都唔多，冷戰爆發時期嘅英國首相<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BA%AB%E6%96%AF%E9%A0%93%C2%B7%E9%82%B1%E5%90%89%E7%88%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="溫斯頓·邱吉爾 (無呢版)">溫斯頓·邱吉爾</a>形容呢種情況為「<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5%E5%B9%95" title="鐵幕">鐵幕</a>」。 </p><p>未加入美國陣營同蘇聯陣營嘅國家叫做「<b><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="第三世界">第三世界</a></b>」，佢哋喺兩個陣營嘅影響下來回擺盪。不過，啲國家亦利用兩個陣營嘅矛盾，通過「援助外交」喺兩邊攞到大量援助。另外，否定美蘇對立結構嘅國家，如<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a>等，提倡不結盟主義，推動第三世界嘅團結（不過有啲國家只係名存實亡）。此外，經濟發展得好嘅開發中國家有時叫做「<b>第三世界</b>」，而經濟發展慢嘅開發中國家就叫做「<b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="第四世界 (無呢版)">第四世界</a></b>」。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="特徵"><span id=".E7.89.B9.E5.BE.B5"></span>特徵</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0&action=edit&section=4" title="編輯小節: 特徵"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>冷戰時期嘅世界有以下三個特徵： </p> <ol><li>秩序長期固定，變化少</li> <li>「質量唔如數量」嘅大量生產社會</li> <li>核武即係<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E8%83%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="原子能">原子能</a>主導嘅技術</li></ol> <p>最終喺1991年，作為東方陣營領導嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF" title="蘇聯">蘇聯</a>崩潰，西方陣營，包括日本、美國、西歐等，獲得勝利。冷戰結束後，美國成為唯一嘅超級大國。然而，喺<a href="/wiki/2010%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="2010年代">2010年代</a>左右，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF" title="俄羅斯">俄羅斯</a>喺軍事上嘅復興、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="中華人民共和國">中華人民共和國</a>喺經濟同軍事上嘅急速增長，仲有同美國、英國、法國、<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國">韓國</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E6%B4%B2" title="澳洲">澳洲</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%BE%8B%E8%B3%93" title="菲律賓">菲律賓</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a>等<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="民主主義">民主主義</a>國家嘅對立，以及俄羅斯同<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD" title="烏克蘭">烏克蘭</a>之間嘅<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81_(2014%E5%B9%B4-)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="烏克蘭衝突 (2014年-) (無呢版)">軍事對立</a>，使得全球形勢變化多端，流動性增加。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="美蘇嘅數據比較"><span id=".E7.BE.8E.E8.98.87.E5.98.85.E6.95.B8.E6.93.9A.E6.AF.94.E8.BC.83"></span>美蘇嘅數據比較</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0&action=edit&section=5" title="編輯小節: 美蘇嘅數據比較"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" title="美國"><img alt="美國" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" title="美國">美國</a> </th> <th><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF" title="蘇聯"><img alt="蘇聯" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF" title="蘇聯">蘇聯</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>人口統計 </th> <td>1990年嘅人口係2億4870萬，當時喺中國、印度、蘇聯之後係全球第四多人口<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </td> <td>1989年嘅人口係2億8670萬，係中國同印度之後全球第三多人口<sup id="cite_ref-USLOCstudies_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USLOCstudies-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </td></tr> <tr> <th>地理 </th> <td>世界第三或第四大嘅國家，面積係9,630,000 km <sup>2</sup>（3,720,000平方英里）<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </td> <td>世界最大嘅州（實際上係聯邦嘅超國家），表面積係22,270,000 km <sup>2</sup>（8,600,000平方英里）<sup id="cite_ref-USLOCstudies_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USLOCstudies-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </td></tr> <tr> <th>經濟 </th> <td>1990年嘅GNP係5.2兆美元（相當於2019年嘅10.2兆美元）<sup id="cite_ref-cia19904_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia19904-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。係全球最大嘅經濟體。自1979年以嚟，雖然收入差距擴大，但生產量係根據需求而定，符合需求同供應嘅資本主義市場經濟原理<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。擁有龐大嘅工業基礎同現代化嘅大規模農業。大量進口同出口，資源豐富，例如礦產、能源資源、金屬同木材。高生活水平，多數製造業產品可以獲得。好多大型全球企業嘅總部都設喺呢度。由<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E9%A0%93%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="布雷頓森林會議 (無呢版)">布雷頓森林會議</a>決定，美元成為全球主要嘅基準貨幣。係G7嘅成員國。透過<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E6%AD%87%E7%88%BE%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" class="mw-redirect" title="馬歇爾計劃">馬歇爾計劃</a>等支持同盟國經濟。 </td> <td>1990年嘅GNP係2.7兆美元（相當於2019年嘅5.3兆美元）<sup id="cite_ref-cia19903_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cia19903-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。係全球第二大經濟體。擁有龐大嘅礦產同能源資源供應。雖然農業等資源不足，但大多數情況下可以自給自足，只需少量進口。大規模工業生產由中央集權嘅國家機構主導，效率較低。經常用五年計劃來達成經濟目標。提供各種經濟福利，例如就業保障、免費醫療同教育。蘇聯嘅平均壽命同部分醫療指標超過美國，但通常低於西歐先進國家嘅水平。經濟同中歐及東歐嘅衛星國密切相關。 </td></tr> <tr> <th>政治 </th> <td>採用強有力嘅<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%8A%E5%88%86%E7%AB%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="三權分立">三權分立</a>總統制，擁有複雜嘅抑制同均衡系統嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="自由主義">立憲共和國</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%83" title="美國國會">國會</a>嘅<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%8B%E6%B3%95%E6%AC%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="立法權 (無呢版)">立法權</a>受到文書化嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E6%86%B2%E6%B3%95" title="美國憲法">憲法</a>同<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="美國聯邦政府 (無呢版)">聯邦政府</a>嘅性質限制。雖然冇專門嘅憲法法院，但法律嘅司法審查係由<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="美國最高法院">最高法院</a>依判例進行。<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1" title="美國總統">總統</a>既係國家元首又係政府首腦，內閣唔需要獲得國會嘅信任。選舉每兩年進行一次嘅<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E6%9C%9F%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中期選舉 (無呢版)">聯邦議會選舉</a>。而每四年進行一次嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89" title="美國總統選舉">總統選舉</a>，事實上已由間接選舉轉為直接選舉，儘管選舉人團嘅影響依然存在。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8_(%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B)" title="民主黨 (美國)">民主黨</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E9%BB%A8_(%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B)" title="共和黨 (美國)">共和黨</a>嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A9%E9%BB%A8%E5%88%B6" title="兩黨制">兩黨制</a>。係<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E6%9C%83" title="聯合國安全理事會">聯合國安全理事會</a>嘅<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E6%9C%83%E5%B8%B8%E4%BB%BB%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="安全理事會常任理事國 (無呢版)">安全理事會常任理事國</a>，同<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" title="法國">法國</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B" title="英國">英國</a>一齊。 </td> <td>係強大的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%C2%B7%E5%88%97%E5%AF%A7%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬克思·列寧主義 (無呢版)">馬克思·列寧主義</a>國家，擁有大規模嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%98%E5%AF%86%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F" title="秘密警察">秘密警察</a>組織，行政部門同司法部門都受到立法部門嘅制衡。雖然有書面憲法同名義上嘅聯邦制，但實際上最高蘇維埃享有議會主權，冇司法審查權。由於冇正式嘅總統職位，常任理事會實際上擔任國家元首嘅角色。國民選舉每兩年進行一次嘅最高蘇維埃選舉，主要係對預先選定嘅候選人進行係非投票。然而，1989年嘅重大政府改革引入咗競爭性選舉、直接選舉產生嘅行政首腦同憲法法院，呢啲都係對既有制度嘅初步三權分立。實行<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E9%BB%A8%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="一黨制">一黨制</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E9%BB%A8" title="蘇聯共產黨">共產黨</a>制度性地掌握權力。係聯合國安全理事會嘅常任理事國。 </td></tr> <tr> <th>外交關係 </th> <td>同<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%AD%90" title="西歐">西歐</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="拉丁美洲">拉丁美洲</a>嘅幾個國家、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6" title="英聯邦">英聯邦</a>、幾個<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E" title="東亞">東亞</a>國家同<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97" title="以色列">以色列</a>有緊密嘅關係。支持全球嘅自由民主主義同<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="反共主義">反共主義</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%A8%E8%A3%81%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="獨裁政治">獨裁</a>。 </td> <td>同<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%AD%90" title="中歐">中歐</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%AD%90" title="東歐">東歐</a>、拉丁美洲嘅國家、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9E" title="東南亞">東南亞</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="非洲">非洲</a>有緊密嘅關係。1961年前曾同中國結盟。支持全球嘅馬克思·列寧主義國家。 </td></tr> <tr> <th>軍事 </th> <td>擁有全球最高嘅軍事開支<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。全球最大嘅海軍規模超過以下13個國家嘅海軍總和<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，陸軍同空軍同蘇聯相當。擁有全球各地嘅基地，特別係喺華沙條約國家周圍嘅西部、南部同東部有唔完全嘅環形基地。喺冷戰早期擁有全球最大規模嘅<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="核武器">核武器</a>。係西歐強大嘅<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E5%90%8C%E7%9B%9F" title="軍事同盟">軍事同盟</a>國家，擁有自己嘅核力量。擁有全球情報網絡同<a href="/wiki/%E6%83%85%E5%A0%B1%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" title="情報機構">情報機構</a>合作。與發展中國家嘅準軍事組織同游擊隊有聯繫。與先進國家同盟國合作，通過防衛相關企業進行大規模武器生產。 </td> <td>擁有全球最大嘅陸軍同空軍，同時係第二大海軍。擁有全球各地嘅基地。喺冷戰後期擁有全球最大規模嘅核武器。係華沙條約嘅創建者，喺中歐同東歐擁有衛星國。擁有與GRU同KGB第一部長嘅全球情報網絡。與發展中國家嘅準軍事組織同游擊隊有聯繫。大規模武器產業生產同全球流通。 </td></tr> <tr> <th>媒體 </th> <td>憲法保障咗<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%80%E8%AB%96%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1" title="言論自由">言論自由</a>同<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A0%B1%E9%81%93%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="報道自由 (無呢版)">報道自由</a>，但係因為冷戰繼續，有一定程度嘅<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A9%E6%9F%A5%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="審查制度">審查制度</a>，特別係<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E6%88%B0" title="越戰">越戰</a>同第二次<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%85%E8%89%B2%E6%81%90%E6%85%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="紅色恐慌 (無呢版)">紅色恐慌</a>期間，審查制度最為嚴格。 </td> <td>憲法保障嘅言論自由同報道自由，實際上係以市民履行義務同符合政府利益為條件，已經變得形同虛設。報道被明顯控制同審查。所有國家嘅工人應該團結起來，推翻被稱為<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="資本主義">資本主義</a>社會同<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E7%94%A2%E9%9A%8E%E7%B4%9A" title="資產階級">資產階級</a>嘅獨裁，取而代之係所有生產手段公有化嘅<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="社會主義">社會主義</a>社會，呢啲社會主義理想通過宣傳推進。 </td></tr> <tr> <th>文化 </th> <td>擁有豐富嘅傳統同世界性嘅文化影響力，包括音樂、文學、電影、電視、料理、藝術、時裝等。 </td> <td>擁有文學、電影、古典音樂、芭蕾舞等嘅豐富傳統。 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="冷戰史研究"><span id=".E5.86.B7.E6.88.B0.E5.8F.B2.E7.A0.94.E7.A9.B6"></span>冷戰史研究</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0&action=edit&section=6" title="編輯小節: 冷戰史研究"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>冷戰因為對全球戰後國際政治有重大影響，關於其起源、發展同終結有唔同嘅解釋同爭議。以下會講解學術上冷戰史研究入面嘅爭議<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="冷戰起源論嘅爭議"><span id=".E5.86.B7.E6.88.B0.E8.B5.B7.E6.BA.90.E8.AB.96.E5.98.85.E7.88.AD.E8.AD.B0"></span>冷戰起源論嘅爭議</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0&action=edit&section=7" title="編輯小節: 冷戰起源論嘅爭議"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>冷戰史研究入面有唔同嘅爭議點，但最主要嘅爭議係「冷戰係咩時候同點解出現嘅」嘅冷戰起源論。呢個爭議主要係圍繞西方陣營最大嘅參與國——美國學界，進行得非常活躍。 </p><p>冷戰起源論爭議有兩個特點。第一，冷戰起源論爭議同<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B0" title="第二次世界大戰">第二次世界大戰</a>等歷史爭議唔同，因為佢係討論一個同時代持續嘅情況嘅起源，所以例如<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E6%88%B0" title="越戰">越戰</a>，研究會受到當時事件同問題關注嘅強烈影響。第二，呢個爭議主要集中係美國學界，同資料公開嘅速度有關，結果使分析重點放喺美國。通常，研究學派可以分為傳統學派／正統學派、修正主義學派同後修正主義學派<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="註"><span id=".E8.A8.BB"></span>註</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0&action=edit&section=8" title="編輯小節: 註"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="references-NoteFoot"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span>而且，冷戰史研究對第二次世界大戰期間嘅戰時外交研究都有影響。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%8B%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬克·斯托勒 (無呢版)">馬克·斯托勒</a>指出，1940年代後期開始嘅戰時外交研究，跟冷戰起源論嘅解釋有密切關係。Mark A. Stoler, "A Half Century of Conflict: Interpretations of U.S. World War II Diplomacy." in </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%82%81%E5%85%8B%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E6%A0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="邁克爾·霍根 (無呢版)">Michael Horgan</a><span> (編輯), </span><i>America in the World: the Historiography of American Foreign Relations since 1941</i><span>, (Cambridge University Press, 1995). </span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83"></span>參考</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0&action=edit&section=9" title="編輯小節: 參考"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2020813">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist 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.references-small>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .references-small>ul>li{margin-left:3em;text-indent:-3em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFGaddis1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Lewis_Gaddis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Lewis Gaddis (無呢版)">Gaddis, John Lewis</a> (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/russiasovietunio00gadd"><i>Russia, the Soviet Union and the United States. An Interpretative History</i></a>. McGraw-Hill. p. 151–153. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC%E4%BE%86%E6%BA%90/978-0-07-557258-9" title="Special:書本來源/978-0-07-557258-9"><bdi>978-0-07-557258-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Russia%2C+the+Soviet+Union+and+the+United+States.+An+Interpretative+History&rft.pages=151-153&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0-07-557258-9&rft.aulast=Gaddis&rft.aufirst=John+Lewis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frussiasovietunio00gadd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Invalid <code class="cs1-code">|ref=harv</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#invalid_param_val" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Orwell, "You and the Atomic Bomb", Tribune 19 October 1945</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://open-shelf.appspot.com/others/YouAndTheAtomicBomb.html">喬治·奧威爾, "あなたと原子爆弾", Tribune 1945年10月19日</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Orwell, George, The Observer, 10 March 1946</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGaddis2005">Gaddis 2005</a>, p. 54</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.census.gov/population/censusdata/table-2.pdf">"www.census.gov"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺<span class="nowrap">2010-08-27</span>搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=www.census.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fpopulation%2Fcensusdata%2Ftable-2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USLOCstudies-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-USLOCstudies_7-0">7.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-USLOCstudies_7-1">7.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+su0006)">"Library of Congress Country Studies"</a>. Lcweb2.loc.gov<span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺<span class="nowrap">2010-08-27</span>搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Library+of+Congress+Country+Studies&rft.pub=Lcweb2.loc.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bsu0006%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-largest-countries-in-the-world-the-biggest-nations-as-determined-by-total-land-area.html">"The Largest Countries In The World"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺<span class="nowrap">2019-11-08</span>搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Largest+Countries+In+The+World&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldatlas.com%2Farticles%2Fthe-largest-countries-in-the-world-the-biggest-nations-as-determined-by-total-land-area.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia19904-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia19904_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110427053700/http://www.umsl.edu/services/govdocs/wofact90/world12.txt">"1990 CIA World Factbook"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence Agency (無呢版)">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.umsl.edu/services/govdocs/wofact90/world12.txt">原著</a>喺2011-04-27歸檔<span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺<span class="nowrap">2009-10-12</span>搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1990+CIA+World+Factbook&rft.pub=Central+Intelligence+Agency&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.umsl.edu%2Fservices%2Fgovdocs%2Fwofact90%2Fworld12.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFStone,_C." class="citation web cs1">Stone, C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150331123409/http://www.cbpp.org/files/11-28-11pov.pdf">"A Guide to Statistics on Historical Trends in Income Inequality"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. pp. 7–11. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbpp.org/files/11-28-11pov.pdf">原著</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>喺31 March 2015歸檔<span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺<span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2012搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Guide+to+Statistics+on+Historical+Trends+in+Income+Inequality&rft.pages=7-11&rft.pub=Center+on+Budget+and+Policy+Priorities&rft.au=Stone%2C+C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbpp.org%2Ffiles%2F11-28-11pov.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cia19903-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cia19903_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110427053700/http://www.umsl.edu/services/govdocs/wofact90/world12.txt">"1990 CIA World Factbook"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Intelligence_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Intelligence Agency (無呢版)">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.umsl.edu/services/govdocs/wofact90/world12.txt">原著</a>喺2011-04-27歸檔<span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺<span class="nowrap">2009-10-12</span>搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1990+CIA+World+Factbook&rft.pub=Central+Intelligence+Agency&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.umsl.edu%2Fservices%2Fgovdocs%2Fwofact90%2Fworld12.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFPike" class="citation web cs1">Pike, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/spending.htm">"World Wide Military Expenditures"</a>. Globalsecurity.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺<span class="nowrap">2010-08-27</span>搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Wide+Military+Expenditures&rft.pub=Globalsecurity.org&rft.aulast=Pike&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalsecurity.org%2Fmilitary%2Fworld%2Fspending.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2190673"><cite id="CITEREFGates" class="citation web cs1">Gates, Robert M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2009-01-01/balanced-strategy">"A Balanced Strategy: Reprogramming the Pentagon or a New Age"</a>. Council On Foreign Relations<span class="reference-accessdate">. 喺<span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2015搵到</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Balanced+Strategy%3A+Reprogramming+the+Pentagon+or+a+New+Age&rft.pub=Council+On+Foreign+Relations&rft.aulast=Gates&rft.aufirst=Robert+M&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.foreignaffairs.com%2Farticles%2Funited-states%2F2009-01-01%2Fbalanced-strategy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh-yue.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span>以下嘅描述同例證文獻選擇係參考咗</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E9%BA%A5%E9%A6%AC%E6%B4%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="羅伯特·麥馬洪 (無呢版)">Robert J. McMahon</a><span>, </span><i>The Cold War: A Very Short Introduction</i><span>. (Oxford University Press, 2003); Michael Kort, </span><i>The Columbia Guide to the Cold War</i><span>. (Columbia University Press, 1998); </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BA%BB%E7%94%B0%E8%B2%9E%E9%9B%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="麻田貞雄 (無呢版)">麻田貞雄</a><span>「冷戰的起源同修正主義研究——美國嘅情況」『國際問題』第170期（1974年）等等。</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="睇埋"><span id=".E7.9D.87.E5.9F.8B"></span>睇埋</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0&action=edit&section=10" title="編輯小節: 睇埋"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0" title="新冷戰">新冷戰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E8%A1%A8" title="冷戰時間表">冷戰時間表</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1989年東歐劇變同共產主義政權倒台" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fall_of_Communism" title="Template:Fall of Communism"><abbr title="去睇呢個模" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">睇</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Fall_of_Communism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Fall of Communism (無呢版)"><abbr title="傾呢個模" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">傾</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Fall_of_Communism&action=edit"><abbr title="編輯呢個模" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">改</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1989年東歐劇變同共產主義政權倒台" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%AD%90%E5%8A%87%E8%AE%8A" title="東歐劇變">1989年東歐劇變</a>同<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E6%94%BF%E6%AC%8A" title="共產主義政權">共產主義政權</a>倒台</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">內部背景</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="停滯時代" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Era of Stagnation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%81%9C%E6%BB%AF%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="停滯時代 (無呢版)">停滯時代</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Era_of_Stagnation" class="extiw" title="en:Era of Stagnation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Era of Stagnation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="共產主義">共產主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="反共產主義">反共產主義</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8D%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E5%98%85%E6%89%B9%E8%A9%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="對共產主義嘅批評 (無呢版)">對共產主義嘅批評</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%96%B9%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" class="mw-redirect" title="東方集團">東方集團</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E6%96%B9%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98%E5%98%85%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="東方集團嘅經濟 (無呢版)">東方集團嘅經濟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="東方集團嘅政治" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Eastern Bloc politics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E6%96%B9%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98%E5%98%85%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="東方集團嘅政治 (無呢版)">東方集團嘅政治</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Bloc_politics" class="extiw" title="en:Eastern Bloc politics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Eastern Bloc politics</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="東方集團嘅信息宣傳" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Eastern Bloc information dissemination"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E6%96%B9%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98%E5%98%85%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AE%A3%E5%82%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="東方集團嘅信息宣傳 (無呢版)">東方集團嘅信息宣傳</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Bloc_information_dissemination" class="extiw" title="en:Eastern Bloc information dissemination"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Eastern Bloc information dissemination</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="東方集團移民同埋倒戈" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Eastern Bloc emigration and defection"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E6%96%B9%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91%E5%90%8C%E5%9F%8B%E5%80%92%E6%88%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="東方集團移民同埋倒戈 (無呢版)">東方集團移民同埋倒戈</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Bloc_emigration_and_defection" class="extiw" title="en:Eastern Bloc emigration and defection"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Eastern Bloc emigration and defection</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF%E7%A7%98%E5%AF%86%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F" title="蘇聯秘密警察">蘇聯國安委</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B9%B9%E9%83%A8%E8%81%B7%E5%8B%99%E5%90%8D%E7%A8%B1%E8%A1%A8%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="幹部職務名稱表制度 (無呢版)">幹部職務名稱表</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%AD%E7%BC%BA%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="短缺經濟 (無呢版)">短缺經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%B5%E6%AC%8A%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="極權主義">極權主義</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="東歐反共叛亂" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Eastern European Anti-Communist Insurgencies"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%B1%E6%AD%90%E5%8F%8D%E5%85%B1%E5%8F%9B%E4%BA%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="東歐反共叛亂 (無呢版)">東歐反共叛亂或抵抗運動</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_European_Anti-Communist_Insurgencies" class="extiw" title="en:Eastern European Anti-Communist Insurgencies"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Eastern European Anti-Communist Insurgencies</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">國際背景</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="積極措施" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Active measures"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%8D%E6%A5%B5%E6%8E%AA%E6%96%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="積極措施 (無呢版)">積極措施</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_measures" class="extiw" title="en:Active measures"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Active measures</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">冷戰</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%80%E8%A6%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社會主義國一覽 (無呢版)">社會主義國一覽</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF%E8%A7%A3%E9%AB%94%E5%98%85%E9%A0%90%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇聯解體嘅預言 (無呢版)">蘇聯解體嘅預言</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%8C%E6%A0%B9%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="里根主義 (無呢版)">里根主義</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="蘇維埃帝國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Soviet Empire"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%83%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇維埃帝國 (無呢版)">蘇維埃帝國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Empire" class="extiw" title="en:Soviet Empire"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Soviet Empire</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%81%90%E6%80%96%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E5%90%8C%E5%9F%8B%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="恐怖主義同埋蘇聯 (無呢版)">恐怖主義同埋蘇聯</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="教廷同蘇聯關係" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Holy See–Soviet Union relations"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%99%E5%BB%B7%E5%90%8C%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="教廷同蘇聯關係 (無呢版)">教廷同蘇聯關係</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Soviet_Union_relations" class="extiw" title="en:Holy See–Soviet Union relations"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Holy See–Soviet Union relations</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="華約入侵捷克斯洛伐克" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8F%AF%E7%B4%84%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="華約入侵捷克斯洛伐克 (無呢版)">華約入侵捷克斯洛伐克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw_Pact_invasion_of_Czechoslovakia" class="extiw" title="en:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">變革嘗試</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%89%B9%E8%89%B2%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中國特色社會主義 (無呢版)">中國特色社會主義</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="經濟改革 (無呢版)">蘇聯經濟改革</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="開放政策">蘇聯開放政策</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="民主化 (蘇聯)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Demokratizatsiya (Soviet Union)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%8C%96_(%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="民主化 (蘇聯) (無呢版)">蘇聯嘅民主化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demokratizatsiya_(Soviet_Union)" class="extiw" title="en:Demokratizatsiya (Soviet Union)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Demokratizatsiya (Soviet Union)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="辛納屈主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Sinatra Doctrine"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%9B%E7%B4%8D%E5%B1%88%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="辛納屈主義 (無呢版)">辛納屈主義</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinatra_Doctrine" class="extiw" title="en:Sinatra Doctrine"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sinatra Doctrine</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="革新開放" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Đổi Mới"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%A9%E6%96%B0%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="革新開放 (無呢版)">革新開放</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%95i_M%E1%BB%9Bi" class="extiw" title="en:Đổi Mới"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Đổi Mới</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地進程</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">中歐/東歐</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿爾巴尼亞共產主義政權的垮台" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Fall of communism in Albania"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E6%94%BF%E6%AC%8A%E7%9A%84%E5%9E%AE%E5%8F%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿爾巴尼亞共產主義政權的垮台 (無呢版)">阿爾巴尼亞</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_of_communism_in_Albania" class="extiw" title="en:Fall of communism in Albania"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fall of communism in Albania</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B#共產主義體制嘅結束" title="保加利亞人民共和國">保加利亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%B5%9D%E7%B5%A8%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="天鵝絨革命">捷克斯洛伐克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="德國和平革命">東德</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="匈牙利共產主義政權終結" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="End of Communism in Hungary (1989)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E6%94%BF%E6%AC%8A%E7%B5%82%E7%B5%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="匈牙利共產主義政權終結 (無呢版)">匈牙利</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End_of_Communism_in_Hungary_(1989)" class="extiw" title="en:End of Communism in Hungary (1989)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">End of Communism in Hungary (1989)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD%E5%8F%B2_(1945-1989)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="波蘭史 (1945-1989) (無呢版)">波蘭</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1989%E5%B9%B4%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1989年羅馬尼亞革命 (無呢版)">羅馬尼亞</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%E8%A7%A3%E9%AB%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="南斯拉夫解體 (無呢版)">南斯拉夫解體</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">蘇聯</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF%E8%A7%A3%E9%AB%94" title="蘇聯解體">蘇聯解體</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1991年亞美尼亞獨立公投" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Armenian independence referendum, 1991"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1991%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%9E%E7%BE%8E%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1991年亞美尼亞獨立公投 (無呢版)">亞美尼亞</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_independence_referendum,_1991" class="extiw" title="en:Armenian independence referendum, 1991"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Armenian independence referendum, 1991</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1991年阿塞拜疆獨立公投" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Azerbaijani independence referendum, 1991"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1991%E5%B9%B4%E9%98%BF%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%9C%E7%96%86%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1991年阿塞拜疆獨立公投 (無呢版)">阿塞拜疆</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijani_independence_referendum,_1991" class="extiw" title="en:Azerbaijani independence referendum, 1991"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Azerbaijani independence referendum, 1991</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="白俄羅斯史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="History of Belarus"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%99%BD%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="白俄羅斯史 (無呢版)">白俄羅斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Belarus" class="extiw" title="en:History of Belarus"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of Belarus</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BB%8A%E8%87%A3%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="車臣共和國史 (無呢版)">車臣</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%8C%E5%94%B1%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="歌唱革命 (無呢版)">歌唱革命</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="愛沙尼亞">愛沙尼亞</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%84%AB%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E" title="拉脫維亞">拉脫維亞</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B" title="立陶宛">立陶宛</a>）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1991年格魯吉亞獨立公投" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Georgian independence referendum, 1991"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1991%E5%B9%B4%E6%A0%BC%E9%AD%AF%E5%90%89%E4%BA%9E%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1991年格魯吉亞獨立公投 (無呢版)">格魯吉亞</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgian_independence_referendum,_1991" class="extiw" title="en:Georgian independence referendum, 1991"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Georgian independence referendum, 1991</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E8%96%A9%E5%85%8B%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈薩克史 (無呢版)">哈薩克</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%89%E7%88%BE%E5%90%89%E6%96%AF%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="吉爾吉斯史 (無呢版)">吉爾吉斯</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="摩爾多瓦獨立" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Independence of Moldova"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%91%A9%E7%88%BE%E5%A4%9A%E7%93%A6%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="摩爾多瓦獨立 (無呢版)">摩爾多瓦</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_of_Moldova" class="extiw" title="en:Independence of Moldova"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Independence of Moldova</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="俄羅斯聯邦史 (無呢版)">俄羅斯</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%94%E5%90%89%E5%85%8B%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="塔吉克史 (無呢版)">塔吉克</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1991年土庫曼獨立公投" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Turkmenistani independence referendum, 1991"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1991%E5%B9%B4%E5%9C%9F%E5%BA%AB%E6%9B%BC%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1991年土庫曼獨立公投 (無呢版)">土庫曼</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmenistani_independence_referendum,_1991" class="extiw" title="en:Turkmenistani independence referendum, 1991"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Turkmenistani independence referendum, 1991</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991%E5%B9%B4%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89" title="1991年烏克蘭獨立公投選舉">烏克蘭</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1991%E5%B9%B4%E7%83%8F%E8%8C%B2%E5%88%A5%E5%85%8B%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1991年烏茲別克獨立公投 (無呢版)">烏茲別克</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">其它</div></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿富汗內戰 (1989–1992)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Civil war in Afghanistan (1989–1992)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%AF%8C%E6%B1%97%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0_(1989%E2%80%931992)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿富汗內戰 (1989–1992) (無呢版)">阿富汗</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_war_in_Afghanistan_(1989%E2%80%931992)" class="extiw" title="en:Civil war in Afghanistan (1989–1992)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Civil war in Afghanistan (1989–1992)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%89%E5%93%A5%E6%8B%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="安哥拉人民共和國 (無呢版)">安哥拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%9D%E5%AF%A7%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="貝寧人民共和國">貝寧</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E6%9F%AC%E5%9F%94%E5%AF%A8%E9%81%8E%E6%B8%A1%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F%E6%AC%8A%E5%8A%9B%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="聯合國柬埔寨過渡時期權力機構 (無呢版)">柬埔寨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%9B%E6%9E%9C%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="剛果人民共和國">剛果（布）</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="埃塞俄比亞內戰" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Ethiopian Civil War"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="埃塞俄比亞內戰 (無呢版)">埃塞俄比亞</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopian_Civil_War" class="extiw" title="en:Ethiopian Civil War"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ethiopian Civil War</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1990年蒙古民主革命" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Mongolian Revolution of 1990"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990%E5%B9%B4%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1990年蒙古民主革命 (無呢版)">蒙古</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolian_Revolution_of_1990" class="extiw" title="en:Mongolian Revolution of 1990"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mongolian Revolution of 1990</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E4%B8%89%E9%BC%BB%E7%B5%A6%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫三鼻給人民共和國 (無呢版)">莫三鼻給</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="索馬里革命" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Somali Rebellion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%A2%E9%A6%AC%E9%87%8C%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="索馬里革命 (無呢版)">索馬里</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somali_Rebellion" class="extiw" title="en:Somali Rebellion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Somali Rebellion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%9F%E9%96%80%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="也門統一 (無呢版)">也門</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">個別事件</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1988年波蘭罷工" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="1988 Polish strikes"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1988%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD%E7%BD%B7%E5%B7%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1988年波蘭罷工 (無呢版)">1988年波蘭罷工</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988_Polish_strikes" class="extiw" title="en:1988 Polish strikes"><span lang="en" dir="auto">1988 Polish strikes</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="4月9日悲劇" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="April 9 tragedy"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=4%E6%9C%889%E6%97%A5%E6%82%B2%E5%8A%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4月9日悲劇 (無呢版)">4月9日悲劇</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_9_tragedy" class="extiw" title="en:April 9 tragedy"><span lang="en" dir="auto">April 9 tragedy</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BB%91%E8%89%B2%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%88%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%AE%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="黑色一月大屠殺 (無呢版)">黑色一月大屠殺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E7%9A%84%E6%B5%B7%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF" title="波羅的海之路">波羅的海之路</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="去除奧地利及匈牙利邊境柵欄" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Removal of Hungary's border fence"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%BB%E9%99%A4%E5%A5%A7%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9%E5%8F%8A%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9%E9%82%8A%E5%A2%83%E6%9F%B5%E6%AC%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="去除奧地利及匈牙利邊境柵欄 (無呢版)">去除奧地利及匈牙利邊境柵欄</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Removal_of_Hungary%27s_border_fence" class="extiw" title="en:Removal of Hungary's border fence"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Removal of Hungary's border fence</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="波蘭圓桌會議" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Polish Round Table Agreement"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD%E5%9C%93%E6%A1%8C%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="波蘭圓桌會議 (無呢版)">波蘭圓桌會議</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_Round_Table_Agreement" class="extiw" title="en:Polish Round Table Agreement"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Polish Round Table Agreement</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="匈牙利圓桌會談" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Hungarian Round Table Talks"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9%E5%9C%93%E6%A1%8C%E6%9C%83%E8%AB%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="匈牙利圓桌會談 (無呢版)">匈牙利圓桌會談</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_Round_Table_Talks" class="extiw" title="en:Hungarian Round Table Talks"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hungarian Round Table Talks</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E5%9B%9B%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="六四事件">六四天安門事件</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%9B%E6%AD%90%E9%87%8E%E9%A4%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="泛歐野餐 (無呢版)">泛歐野餐</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="星期一示威" data-lang-code="de" data-lang-name="德文" data-foreign-title="Montagsdemonstrationen 1989/1990 in der DDR"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%9F%E6%9C%9F%E4%B8%80%E7%A4%BA%E5%A8%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="星期一示威 (無呢版)">星期一示威</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">德文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montagsdemonstrationen_1989/1990_in_der_DDR" class="extiw" title="de:Montagsdemonstrationen 1989/1990 in der DDR"><span lang="de" dir="auto">Montagsdemonstrationen 1989/1990 in der DDR</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="亞歷山大廣場抗議" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Alexanderplatz demonstration"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%E5%BB%A3%E5%A0%B4%E6%8A%97%E8%AD%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亞歷山大廣場抗議 (無呢版)">亞歷山大廣場抗議</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexanderplatz_demonstration" class="extiw" title="en:Alexanderplatz demonstration"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Alexanderplatz demonstration</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="馬爾他峰會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Malta Summit"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E7%88%BE%E4%BB%96%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬爾他峰會 (無呢版)">馬爾他峰會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malta_Summit" class="extiw" title="en:Malta Summit"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Malta Summit</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A9%E5%BE%B7%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80" title="兩德統一">兩德統一</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="立陶宛一月事件" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="January Events (Lithuania)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B%E4%B8%80%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="立陶宛一月事件 (無呢版)">立陶宛一月事件</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_Events_(Lithuania)" class="extiw" title="en:January Events (Lithuania)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">January Events (Lithuania)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="路障 (拉脫維亞)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="The Barricades"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B7%AF%E9%9A%9C_(%E6%8B%89%E8%84%AB%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="路障 (拉脫維亞) (無呢版)">拉脫維亞一月事件</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Barricades" class="extiw" title="en:The Barricades"><span lang="en" dir="auto">The Barricades</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1991年3月貝爾格萊德抗議" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="March 1991 protests in Belgrade"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1991%E5%B9%B43%E6%9C%88%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E6%A0%BC%E8%90%8A%E5%BE%B7%E6%8A%97%E8%AD%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1991年3月貝爾格萊德抗議 (無呢版)">1991年3月貝爾格萊德抗議</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_1991_protests_in_Belgrade" class="extiw" title="en:March 1991 protests in Belgrade"><span lang="en" dir="auto">March 1991 protests in Belgrade</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E6%9C%88%E6%94%BF%E8%AE%8A" title="八月政變">八月政變</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">政權領導人</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E7%B1%B3%E8%8C%B2%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%88%A9%E9%9B%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉米茲·阿利雅 (無呢版)">拉米茲·阿利雅</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="阿爾巴尼亞">阿爾巴尼亞</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%BD%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%E5%8F%A4" title="壽西斯古">壽西斯古</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="羅馬尼亞">羅馬尼亞</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%88%E5%B7%B4%E5%A5%91%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="戈巴契夫">戈巴契夫</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF" title="蘇聯">蘇聯</a>）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="卡羅利·格羅斯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Károly Grósz"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E7%BE%85%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡羅利·格羅斯 (無呢版)">卡羅利·格羅斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A1roly_Gr%C3%B3sz" class="extiw" title="en:Károly Grósz"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Károly Grósz</span></a></span>）</span></span>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9" title="匈牙利">匈牙利</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%8A%9B%E4%BD%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%8D%A1" title="艾力何力卡">艾力何力卡</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%BE%B7" title="東德">東德</a>）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="卡達爾·亞諾什" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="János Kádár"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E9%81%94%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E4%BA%9E%E8%AB%BE%E4%BB%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡達爾·亞諾什 (無呢版)">卡達爾·亞諾什</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A1nos_K%C3%A1d%C3%A1r" class="extiw" title="en:János Kádár"><span lang="en" dir="auto">János Kádár</span></a></span>）</span></span>（匈牙利）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="米洛什·雅克什" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Miloš Jakeš"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B1%B3%E6%B4%9B%E4%BB%80%C2%B7%E9%9B%85%E5%85%8B%E4%BB%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="米洛什·雅克什 (無呢版)">米洛什·雅克什</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milo%C5%A1_Jake%C5%A1" class="extiw" title="en:Miloš Jakeš"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Miloš Jakeš</span></a></span>）</span></span>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B" title="捷克">捷克</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E8%B2%A2%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E5%80%AB%E8%8C%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="埃貢·克倫茨 (無呢版)">埃貢·克倫茨</a>（東德）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="沃依切赫·雅魯澤爾斯基" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Wojciech Jaruzelski"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%83%E4%BE%9D%E5%88%87%E8%B5%AB%C2%B7%E9%9B%85%E9%AD%AF%E6%BE%A4%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沃依切赫·雅魯澤爾斯基 (無呢版)">沃依切赫·雅魯澤爾斯基</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" class="extiw" title="en:Wojciech Jaruzelski"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Wojciech Jaruzelski</span></a></span>）</span></span>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD" title="波蘭">波蘭</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E6%B4%9B%E8%88%8D%E7%B6%AD%E5%A5%87" title="米洛舍維奇">米洛舍維奇</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB" title="南斯拉夫">南斯拉夫</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E8%92%82%E5%8E%84%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E9%9B%B7%E5%BA%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬蒂厄·克雷庫 (無呢版)">馬蒂厄·克雷庫</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%9D%E5%AF%A7" title="貝寧">貝寧</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E9%A6%AC%E8%A3%A1%E4%BA%9E%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E9%96%80%E6%A0%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%9C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="海爾·馬裡亞姆·門格斯圖 (無呢版)">海爾·馬裡亞姆·門格斯圖</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" title="埃塞俄比亞">埃塞俄比亞</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E8%96%A9%E8%98%87-%E6%81%A9%E6%A0%BC%E7%B4%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="德尼·薩蘇-恩格索 (無呢版)">德尼·薩蘇-恩格索</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%9B%E6%9E%9C%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="剛果共和國">剛果共和國</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9F%93%E6%A1%91%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="韓桑林 (無呢版)">韓桑林</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AC%E5%9F%94%E5%AF%A8" title="柬埔寨">柬埔寨</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%A7%E5%B0%8F%E5%B9%B3" title="鄧小平">鄧小平</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="中華人民共和國">中華人民共和國</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%98%E5%A4%9A%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E6%97%A5%E5%A4%AB%E7%A7%91%E5%A4%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="托多爾·日夫科夫 (無呢版)">托多爾·日夫科夫</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="保加利亞">保加利亞</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E9%9B%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆罕默德·西亞德·巴雷 (無呢版)">穆罕默德·西亞德·巴雷</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A6%AC%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="索馬利亞">索馬利亞</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">反對方式</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%8D%E6%9C%8D%E5%BE%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公民不服從 (無呢版)">公民抵抗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BA%E5%A8%81" title="示威">示威</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%BA%E9%8F%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="人鏈 (無呢版)">人鏈</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="錄音帶傳播 (蘇聯)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Magnitizdat"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8C%84%E9%9F%B3%E5%B8%B6%E5%82%B3%E6%92%AD_(%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="錄音帶傳播 (蘇聯) (無呢版)">蘇聯錄音帶傳播</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnitizdat" class="extiw" title="en:Magnitizdat"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Magnitizdat</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="波蘭地下出版物" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Polish underground press"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%89%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="波蘭地下出版物 (無呢版)">波蘭地下出版物</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_underground_press" class="extiw" title="en:Polish underground press"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Polish underground press</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E8%AD%B0" title="抗議">抗議</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%89%A9_(%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地下出版物 (蘇聯) (無呢版)">地下出版物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%B7%E5%B7%A5" title="罷工">罷工</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">反對派領袖</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" class="mw-redirect" title="Lech Wałęsa">華里沙</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD" title="波蘭">波蘭</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%B6%AD%E7%88%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="哈維爾">哈維爾</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B" title="捷克">捷克</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E5%B8%83%E5%88%87%E5%85%8B" title="杜布切克">杜布切克</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B" title="斯洛伐克">斯洛伐克</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8F%9A%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E5%88%A9%E5%9F%83%E6%96%AF%E5%BA%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="揚·伊利埃斯庫 (無呢版)">揚·伊利埃斯庫</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="羅馬尼亞">羅馬尼亞</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%89%E5%89%9B_(%E6%B0%91%E9%81%8B%E4%BA%BA%E5%A3%AB)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="劉剛 (民運人士) (無呢版)">劉剛</a>（中國）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%BE%E7%88%BE%E9%96%8B%E5%B8%8C" title="吾爾開希">吾爾開希</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%B4%E7%8E%B2" title="柴玲">柴玲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E4%B8%B9" title="王丹">王丹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%81%E5%BE%9E%E5%BE%B7" title="封從德">封從德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%85%8B" title="高克">高克</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%BE%B7" title="東德">東德</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%96%A9%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E8%B2%9D%E9%87%8C%E6%B2%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="薩利·貝里沙 (無呢版)">薩利·貝里沙</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="阿爾巴尼亞">阿爾巴尼亞</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A1%91%E5%8A%A0%E8%98%87%E5%80%AB%C2%B7%E5%8D%93%E5%8A%9B%E6%A0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="桑加蘇倫·卓力格 (無呢版)">桑加蘇倫·卓力格</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%9C%8B" title="蒙古國">蒙古國</a>）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="弗拉基米爾·布科夫斯基" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Vladimir Bukovsky"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%97%E6%8B%89%E5%9F%BA%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E7%A7%91%E5%A4%AB%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="弗拉基米爾·布科夫斯基 (無呢版)">弗拉基米爾·布科夫斯基</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Bukovsky" class="extiw" title="en:Vladimir Bukovsky"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Vladimir Bukovsky</span></a></span>）</span></span>（俄羅斯）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%89%E5%88%A9%E6%AC%BD" title="葉利欽">葉利欽</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="維亞切斯拉夫·車諾維爾" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Viacheslav Chornovil"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E%E5%88%87%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E8%BB%8A%E8%AB%BE%E7%B6%AD%E7%88%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="維亞切斯拉夫·車諾維爾 (無呢版)">維亞切斯拉夫·車諾維爾</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viacheslav_Chornovil" class="extiw" title="en:Viacheslav Chornovil"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Viacheslav Chornovil</span></a></span>）</span></span>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD" title="波蘭">波蘭</a>）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="藍茨伯基斯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Vytautas Landsbergis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%97%8D%E8%8C%A8%E4%BC%AF%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="藍茨伯基斯 (無呢版)">藍茨伯基斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vytautas_Landsbergis" class="extiw" title="en:Vytautas Landsbergis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Vytautas Landsbergis</span></a></span>）</span></span>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B" title="立陶宛">立陶宛</a>）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="帕茲尼雅克" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Zianon Pazniak"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%95%E8%8C%B2%E5%B0%BC%E9%9B%85%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="帕茲尼雅克 (無呢版)">帕茲尼雅克</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zianon_Pazniak" class="extiw" title="en:Zianon Pazniak"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Zianon Pazniak</span></a></span>）</span></span>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="白俄羅斯">白俄羅斯</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%B2%E6%9F%B3%C2%B7%E5%93%B2%E5%88%97%E5%A4%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哲柳·哲列夫 (無呢版)">哲柳·哲列夫</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="保加利亞">保加利亞</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A2%85%E8%90%8A%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%BE%A4%E7%B4%8D%E7%B6%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="梅萊斯·澤納維 (無呢版)">梅萊斯·澤納維</a>（埃塞俄比亞）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E8%96%A9%E4%BA%9E%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E8%B2%BB%E6%B2%83%E7%88%BE%E5%9F%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊薩亞斯·阿費沃爾基 (無呢版)">伊薩亞斯·阿費沃爾基</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9E" title="厄立特里亞">厄立特里亞</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">反對派運動</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E9%AB%98%E6%A0%A1%E5%AD%B8%E7%94%9F%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北京高校學生自治聯合會 (無呢版)">北京高校學生自治聯合會</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=77%E6%86%B2%E7%AB%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="77憲章 (無呢版)">77憲章</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B0%E8%AB%96%E5%A3%87_(%E6%9D%B1%E5%BE%B7)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="新論壇 (東德) (無呢版)">新論壇</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91%E8%AB%96%E5%A3%87_(%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公民論壇 (捷克) (無呢版)">捷克公民論壇</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿爾巴尼亞民主黨 (無呢版)">阿爾巴尼亞民主黨</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="民主俄羅斯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Democratic Russia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="民主俄羅斯 (無呢版)">民主俄羅斯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Russia" class="extiw" title="en:Democratic Russia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Democratic Russia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="和平與人權行動" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Initiative for Peace and Human Rights"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E8%88%87%E4%BA%BA%E6%AC%8A%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="和平與人權行動 (無呢版)">和平與人權行動</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initiative_for_Peace_and_Human_Rights" class="extiw" title="en:Initiative for Peace and Human Rights"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Initiative for Peace and Human Rights</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="立陶宛改革運動" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Sąjūdis"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="立陶宛改革運動 (無呢版)">立陶宛改革運動</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%85j%C5%ABdis" class="extiw" title="en:Sąjūdis"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sąjūdis</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="和平革命 (東德)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Peaceful Revolution"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD_(%E6%9D%B1%E5%BE%B7)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="和平革命 (東德) (無呢版)">和平革命</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peaceful_Revolution" class="extiw" title="en:Peaceful Revolution"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Peaceful Revolution</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="烏克蘭人民運動 (無呢版)">烏克蘭人民運動</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%98%E7%B5%90%E5%B7%A5%E8%81%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="團結工聯 (無呢版)">團結工聯</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="拉脫維亞人民陣線" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Popular Front of Latvia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E8%84%AB%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%99%A3%E7%B7%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉脫維亞人民陣線 (無呢版)">拉脫維亞人民陣線</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_Front_of_Latvia" class="extiw" title="en:Popular Front of Latvia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Popular Front of Latvia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="愛沙尼亞人民陣線" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Popular Front of Estonia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%9B%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%99%A3%E7%B7%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="愛沙尼亞人民陣線 (無呢版)">愛沙尼亞人民陣線</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_Front_of_Estonia" class="extiw" title="en:Popular Front of Estonia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Popular Front of Estonia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公眾反暴力" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Public Against Violence"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E7%9C%BE%E5%8F%8D%E6%9A%B4%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公眾反暴力 (無呢版)">公眾反暴力</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Against_Violence" class="extiw" title="en:Public Against Violence"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Public Against Violence</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="白俄羅斯人民陣線" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="BPF Party"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%99%BD%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E9%99%A3%E7%B7%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="白俄羅斯人民陣線 (無呢版)">白俄羅斯人民陣線</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BPF_Party" class="extiw" title="en:BPF Party"><span lang="en" dir="auto">BPF Party</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="救國陣線" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="National Salvation Front (Romania)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%91%E5%9C%8B%E9%99%A3%E7%B7%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="救國陣線 (無呢版)">救國陣線</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Salvation_Front_(Romania)" class="extiw" title="en:National Salvation Front (Romania)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">National Salvation Front (Romania)</span></a></span>）</span></span>（羅馬尼亞）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%8A%9B%E9%87%8F%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F_(%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="民主力量聯盟 (保加利亞) (無呢版)">民主力量聯盟</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">後續</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A1%8F%E8%89%B2%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="顏色革命 (無呢版)">顏色革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%BB%E5%85%B1%E5%8C%96" title="去共化">去共化</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%A8%E5%8C%96%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="淨化政策 (無呢版)">淨化政策</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%8C%96" title="民主化">全民民主</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="經濟自由化 (無呢版)">經濟自由化</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="後蘇聯時期衝突" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Post-Soviet conflicts"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%8C%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="後蘇聯時期衝突 (無呢版)">後蘇聯時期衝突</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-Soviet_conflicts" class="extiw" title="en:Post-Soviet conflicts"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Post-Soviet conflicts</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="對蘇聯時代嘅懷念" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Nostalgia for the Soviet Union"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8D%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3%E5%98%85%E6%87%B7%E5%BF%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="對蘇聯時代嘅懷念 (無呢版)">對蘇聯時代嘅懷念</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nostalgia_for_the_Soviet_Union" class="extiw" title="en:Nostalgia for the Soviet Union"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nostalgia for the Soviet Union</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="新蘇維埃主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Neo-Sovietism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B0%E8%98%87%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%83%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="新蘇維埃主義 (無呢版)">新蘇維埃主義</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-So%E2%80%8B%E2%80%8Bvietism" class="extiw" title="en:Neo-Sovietism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Neo-Sovietism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="新史達林主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英文" data-foreign-title="Neo-Stalinism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%B0%E5%8F%B2%E9%81%94%E6%9E%97%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="新史達林主義 (無呢版)">新史達林主義</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英文</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-Stalinism" class="extiw" title="en:Neo-Stalinism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Neo-Stalinism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%8C%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="後共產主義 (無呢版)">後共產主義</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="南斯拉夫戰爭 (無呢版)">南斯拉夫戰爭</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">由「<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=冷戰&oldid=2204488">https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=冷戰&oldid=2204488</a>」收</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E" title="Special:分類">屬於2類</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0" title="Category:冷戰">冷戰</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" title="Category:20世紀">20世紀</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" 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