CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html lang="en-US" class="no-js"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=5" /><meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style>    <title>Synaptica Insights | Keith Bloomfield-DeWeese - Synaptica</title> <meta name="description" content="Our Insights Interview with Keith Bloomfield-DeWeese explores the tip of the iceberg, his continued interest in controlled vocabularies, and ontologies." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://synaptica.com/synaptica-insights-keith-bloomfield-deweese/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Synaptica Insights | Keith Bloomfield-DeWeese - Synaptica" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Our Insights Interview with Keith Bloomfield-DeWeese explores the tip of the iceberg, his continued interest in controlled vocabularies, and ontologies." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://synaptica.com/synaptica-insights-keith-bloomfield-deweese/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Synaptica" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2020-08-12T11:17:53+00:00" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-04-25T10:32:26+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/newspapers-3488861_1280.jpg?fit=1280%2C853&ssl=1" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1280" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="853" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="author" content="Vivs Long-Ferguson" /> <script data-jetpack-boost="ignore" type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https://synaptica.com/synaptica-insights-keith-bloomfield-deweese/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://synaptica.com/synaptica-insights-keith-bloomfield-deweese/"},"author":{"name":"Vivs Long-Ferguson","@id":"https://synaptica.com/#/schema/person/f722607c64031727c03a7c7b49e96cbc"},"headline":"Synaptica Insights | Keith Bloomfield-DeWeese","datePublished":"2020-08-12T11:17:53+00:00","dateModified":"2024-04-25T10:32:26+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://synaptica.com/synaptica-insights-keith-bloomfield-deweese/"},"wordCount":3177,"publisher":{"@id":"https://synaptica.com/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https://synaptica.com/synaptica-insights-keith-bloomfield-deweese/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/newspapers-3488861_1280.jpg?fit=1280%2C853&ssl=1","keywords":["Case Study","Insights","Interview","Use Case"],"articleSection":["Controlled Vocabularies","Ontology"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://synaptica.com/synaptica-insights-keith-bloomfield-deweese/","url":"https://synaptica.com/synaptica-insights-keith-bloomfield-deweese/","name":"Synaptica Insights | Keith Bloomfield-DeWeese - Synaptica","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://synaptica.com/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://synaptica.com/synaptica-insights-keith-bloomfield-deweese/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://synaptica.com/synaptica-insights-keith-bloomfield-deweese/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/newspapers-3488861_1280.jpg?fit=1280%2C853&ssl=1","datePublished":"2020-08-12T11:17:53+00:00","dateModified":"2024-04-25T10:32:26+00:00","description":"Our Insights Interview with Keith Bloomfield-DeWeese explores the tip of the iceberg, his continued interest in controlled vocabularies, and ontologies.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://synaptica.com/synaptica-insights-keith-bloomfield-deweese/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://synaptica.com/synaptica-insights-keith-bloomfield-deweese/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://synaptica.com/synaptica-insights-keith-bloomfield-deweese/#primaryimage","url":"https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/newspapers-3488861_1280.jpg?fit=1280%2C853&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/newspapers-3488861_1280.jpg?fit=1280%2C853&ssl=1","width":1280,"height":853,"caption":"Pile of newspapers"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://synaptica.com/synaptica-insights-keith-bloomfield-deweese/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://synaptica.com/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Synaptica Insights | Keith Bloomfield-DeWeese"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://synaptica.com/#website","url":"https://synaptica.com/","name":"Synaptica LLC","description":"Taxonomy, Ontology, and Content Classification Software","publisher":{"@id":"https://synaptica.com/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://synaptica.com/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://synaptica.com/#organization","name":"Synaptica LLC","url":"https://synaptica.com/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://synaptica.com/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://i2.wp.com/www.synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/syn_sols_logo_grey_text-1-1.png?fit=274%2C72&ssl=1","contentUrl":"https://i2.wp.com/www.synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/syn_sols_logo_grey_text-1-1.png?fit=274%2C72&ssl=1","width":274,"height":72,"caption":"Synaptica LLC"},"image":{"@id":"https://synaptica.com/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://x.com/Synaptica","https://www.linkedin.com/company/synaptica-llc/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://synaptica.com/#/schema/person/f722607c64031727c03a7c7b49e96cbc","name":"Vivs Long-Ferguson","description":"Marketing Manager at Synaptica LLC. Joined in 2017, leads on marketing, social media and executive operations.","url":"https://synaptica.com/author/vivslf/"}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//js.hs-scripts.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//stats.wp.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//i0.wp.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//v0.wordpress.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//c0.wp.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Synaptica » Feed" href="https://synaptica.com/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Synaptica » Comments Feed" href="https://synaptica.com/comments/feed/" /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='all-css-99081c3d6630021f7807bda8faafa929' href='https://synaptica.com/_jb_static/??-eJydU8tywjAM/JueajyBAyemn8IothoEfo0lQ/P3dcOjaSid0JvX2pVXsqRPSZkYBIPo5EpHgfUeJYE5aB9tccg6owNBq1JkmaCFYX7VNQcF44qt5HqhLbHo1kVzUI7aDLnXLL3Dhadwr9iz9mgJ0KH/sjEGyUGPWTnswPTz5DU2xj9E00oZHFWsOBoCN3g/G50KZFeT3fgD8b2GFJyQo8ffDP4hbQs5q7tMVnHPgn6+aLa9C51C9wz/0jS+HpQgC/kYanvmZ8nIKQam4xMv376kvmxkOV8IbDDYO35JLoL9FtRqirJ9AE/m4TzAHj4UI2Szq5MrOJqIFvhfQmVKPvaqdeW+GY8WjkvLJlMSimGCHufgrYm+LiXm7bVmYEY5r+QoPHdKr8txaZoayhkMvPlNs14tm2a9Xq1eTLtpPgHtY59F' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-mediaelement-inline-css'> body .mejs-container .mejs-controls >.mejs-horizontal-volume-slider{height:26px;width:56px;position:relative;display:block;float:left;}.mejs-controls .mejs-horizontal-volume-slider .mejs-horizontal-volume-total{background:rgba(255,255,255,.33)}.mejs-controls .mejs-button button:focus{outline:none}body[data-button-style*="_rounded"] .mejs-button>button,body[data-button-style^="rounded"] .mejs-controls .mejs-pause button,body .mejs-controls .mejs-pause{border-radius:0!important;}.mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail .mejs-time-loaded{background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.3)!important}.mejs-video .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail{padding-top:12px}.mejs-audio .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail{padding-top:11px}.mejs-video .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail .mejs-time-current,.mejs-video .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail span,.mejs-video .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail a,.mejs-video .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail .mejs-time-loaded{height:8px}.mejs-audio .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail .mejs-time-current,.mejs-audio .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail span,.mejs-audio .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail a,.mejs-audio .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail .mejs-time-loaded{height:8px}#ajax-content-wrap .mejs-container{background-color:transparent;background-image:none!important}.wp-video{margin-bottom:20px;}.wp-video,.mejs-container .mejs-poster img{max-width:none!important;width:100%!important}.wp-video-shortcode.mejs-container .mejs-poster img{visibility:hidden;display:block;margin-bottom:0;}.mejs-container-fullscreen .mejs-poster img{height:100%!important}body .mejs-poster{background-size:cover}body .mejs-container .mejs-controls .mejs-time{opacity:0.8;}body .mejs-controls button{transition:opacity 0.15s ease}body .mejs-controls button:hover,.mejs-controls .mejs-fullscreen-button:hover button{opacity:0.8}#ajax-content-wrap .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail .mejs-time-total{background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.25)}.mejs-controls .mejs-horizontal-volume-slider .mejs-horizontal-volume-current{background:transparent!important}body .mejs-controls .mejs-button button{font-size:18px;color:#fff;width:auto;position:relative;display:inline-block;}body .mejs-controls .mejs-button:not(.mejs-replay) button{background-image:none}body .mejs-controls .mejs-button.mejs-replay button{width:20px;}body .mejs-controls button:before{text-decoration:inherit;display:inline-block;speak:none}body .mejs-controls .mejs-play button:before{content:"\e052"}body .mejs-controls .mejs-mute button:before{content:"\e098"}body .mejs-controls .mejs-unmute button:before{content:"\e099"}body .mejs-controls .mejs-fullscreen-button button:before{content:"\e110";font-size:17px}body .mejs-controls .mejs-fullscreen-button.mejs-unfullscreen button:before{content:"\e111"}body .mejs-button.mejs-volume-button{margin-left:5px}body .mejs-controls .mejs-pause{top:2px;left:2px;position:relative;}body .mejs-controls .mejs-pause button{border-left:3px solid #fff;border-right:3px solid #fff;width:9px;height:12px;right:3px;top:2px}#ajax-content-wrap .mejs-container.mejs-audio{height:44px!important;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,1)}#ajax-content-wrap .mejs-container.mejs-audio .mejs-playpause-button{margin-left:0;}body .mejs-container.mejs-audio .mejs-controls{height:42px}body .mejs-container:not(.mejs-audio) .mejs-controls:before{background:linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,0) -2%,rgba(0,0,0,0) 35%,rgba(0,0,0,0.04) 44%,rgba(0,0,0,0.8) 100%,rgba(0,0,0,0.6) 100%);position:absolute;bottom:0;left:0;width:100%;height:400%;z-index:11;border-radius:4px;content:" "}body .mfp-wrap .mfp-content .mejs-container:not(.mejs-audio) .mejs-controls:before{border-radius:0;}body .mejs-container .mejs-controls >*{z-index:100;position:relative}body .mejs-container .mejs-controls{background:none!important;height:50px}#ajax-content-wrap .mejs-playpause-button{margin-left:20px}#ajax-content-wrap .mejs-fullscreen-button{margin-right:20px}body .mejs-video .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail .mejs-time-float{color:#fff;border:none;background-color:transparent}body .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail .mejs-time-float-corner{border-color:transparent transparent}body .mejs-audio .mejs-controls .mejs-time-rail .mejs-time-float{border:none;background-color:#fff;height:15px;box-shadow:0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.25)} </style> <style id='salient-social-inline-css'> .sharing-default-minimal .nectar-love.loved, body .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"].fixed > a:before, body .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"].fixed .nectar-social-inner a, .sharing-default-minimal .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"] .nectar-social-inner a:hover, .nectar-social.vertical[data-color-override="override"] .nectar-social-inner a:hover { background-color: #006399; } .nectar-social.hover .nectar-love.loved, .nectar-social.hover > .nectar-love-button a:hover, .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"].hover > div a:hover, #single-below-header .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"].hover > div a:hover, .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"].hover .share-btn:hover, .sharing-default-minimal .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"] .nectar-social-inner a { border-color: #006399; } #single-below-header .nectar-social.hover .nectar-love.loved i, #single-below-header .nectar-social.hover[data-color-override="override"] a:hover, #single-below-header .nectar-social.hover[data-color-override="override"] a:hover i, #single-below-header .nectar-social.hover .nectar-love-button a:hover i, .nectar-love:hover i, .hover .nectar-love:hover .total_loves, .nectar-love.loved i, .nectar-social.hover .nectar-love.loved .total_loves, .nectar-social.hover .share-btn:hover, .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"].hover .nectar-social-inner a:hover, .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"].hover > div:hover span, .sharing-default-minimal .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"] .nectar-social-inner a:not(:hover) i, .sharing-default-minimal .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"] .nectar-social-inner a:not(:hover) { color: #006399; } </style> <style id='main-styles-inline-css'> @media only screen and (max-width:999px){#ajax-content-wrap .top-level .nectar-post-grid[data-animation*="fade"] .nectar-post-grid-item,#ajax-content-wrap .top-level .nectar-post-grid[data-animation="zoom-out-reveal"] .nectar-post-grid-item *:not(.content),#ajax-content-wrap .top-level .nectar-post-grid[data-animation="zoom-out-reveal"] .nectar-post-grid-item *:before{transform:none;opacity:1;clip-path:none;}#ajax-content-wrap .top-level .nectar-post-grid[data-animation="zoom-out-reveal"] .nectar-post-grid-item .nectar-el-parallax-scroll .nectar-post-grid-item-bg-wrap-inner{transform:scale(1.275);}}.wpb_row.vc_row.top-level .nectar-video-bg{opacity:1;height:100%;width:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:center center;}body.using-mobile-browser .wpb_row.vc_row.top-level .nectar-video-wrap{left:0;}body.using-mobile-browser .wpb_row.vc_row.top-level.full-width-section .nectar-video-wrap:not(.column-video){left:50%;}.wpb_row.vc_row.top-level .nectar-video-wrap{opacity:1;width:100%;}.top-level .portfolio-items[data-loading=lazy-load] .col .inner-wrap.animated .top-level-image{opacity:1;}.wpb_row.vc_row.top-level .column-image-bg-wrap[data-n-parallax-bg="true"] .column-image-bg,.wpb_row.vc_row.top-level + .wpb_row .column-image-bg-wrap[data-n-parallax-bg="true"] .column-image-bg,#portfolio-extra > .wpb_row.vc_row.parallax_section:first-child .row-bg{transform:none!important;height:100%!important;opacity:1;}#portfolio-extra > .wpb_row.vc_row.parallax_section .row-bg{background-attachment:scroll;}.scroll-down-wrap.hidden{transform:none;opacity:1;}#ajax-loading-screen[data-disable-mobile="0"]{display:none!important;}body[data-slide-out-widget-area-style="slide-out-from-right"].material .slide_out_area_close.hide_until_rendered{opacity:0;} </style> <style id='dynamic-css-inline-css'> @media only screen and (min-width:1000px){body #ajax-content-wrap.no-scroll{min-height:calc(100vh - 136px);height:calc(100vh - 136px)!important;}}@media only screen and (min-width:1000px){#page-header-wrap.fullscreen-header,#page-header-wrap.fullscreen-header #page-header-bg,html:not(.nectar-box-roll-loaded) .nectar-box-roll > #page-header-bg.fullscreen-header,.nectar_fullscreen_zoom_recent_projects,#nectar_fullscreen_rows:not(.afterLoaded) > div{height:calc(100vh - 135px);}.wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level,.wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level > .col.span_12{min-height:calc(100vh - 135px);}html:not(.nectar-box-roll-loaded) .nectar-box-roll > #page-header-bg.fullscreen-header{top:136px;}.nectar-slider-wrap[data-fullscreen="true"]:not(.loaded),.nectar-slider-wrap[data-fullscreen="true"]:not(.loaded) .swiper-container{height:calc(100vh - 134px)!important;}.admin-bar .nectar-slider-wrap[data-fullscreen="true"]:not(.loaded),.admin-bar .nectar-slider-wrap[data-fullscreen="true"]:not(.loaded) .swiper-container{height:calc(100vh - 134px - 32px)!important;}}.admin-bar[class*="page-template-template-no-header"] .wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level,.admin-bar[class*="page-template-template-no-header"] .wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level > .col.span_12{min-height:calc(100vh - 32px);}body[class*="page-template-template-no-header"] .wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level,body[class*="page-template-template-no-header"] .wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level > .col.span_12{min-height:100vh;}@media only screen and (max-width:999px){.using-mobile-browser #nectar_fullscreen_rows:not(.afterLoaded):not([data-mobile-disable="on"]) > div{height:calc(100vh - 116px);}.using-mobile-browser .wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level,.using-mobile-browser .wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level > .col.span_12,[data-permanent-transparent="1"].using-mobile-browser .wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level,[data-permanent-transparent="1"].using-mobile-browser .wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level > .col.span_12{min-height:calc(100vh - 116px);}html:not(.nectar-box-roll-loaded) .nectar-box-roll > #page-header-bg.fullscreen-header,.nectar_fullscreen_zoom_recent_projects,.nectar-slider-wrap[data-fullscreen="true"]:not(.loaded),.nectar-slider-wrap[data-fullscreen="true"]:not(.loaded) .swiper-container,#nectar_fullscreen_rows:not(.afterLoaded):not([data-mobile-disable="on"]) > div{height:calc(100vh - 63px);}.wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level,.wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level > .col.span_12{min-height:calc(100vh - 63px);}body[data-transparent-header="false"] #ajax-content-wrap.no-scroll{min-height:calc(100vh - 63px);height:calc(100vh - 63px);}}.screen-reader-text,.nectar-skip-to-content:not(:focus){border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute!important;width:1px;word-wrap:normal!important;}.row .col img:not([srcset]){width:auto;}.row .col img.img-with-animation.nectar-lazy:not([srcset]){width:100%;} .home .nectar-list-item { padding : 8px; } .sf-menu { margin-right:75px; } a:link { color: #0072bc } .swiper-slide .content h2 { margin-bottom: 34px; } #header-space { /* height : 90px !important; */ } </style> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <style id='jetpack-sharing-buttons-style-inline-css'> .jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0;list-style-type:none;margin:5px;padding:0}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-small-icon-size{font-size:12px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:16px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-large-icon-size{font-size:24px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:36px}@media print{.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:none!important}}.editor-styles-wrapper .wp-block-jetpack-sharing-buttons{gap:0;padding-inline-start:0}ul.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:root { --wp--style--global--content-size: 1300px;--wp--style--global--wide-size: 1300px; }:where(body) { margin: 0; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignleft { float: left; margin-right: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignright { float: right; margin-left: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .aligncenter { justify-content: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}.is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-flow > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width: var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignwide{max-width: var(--wp--style--global--wide-size);}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body{padding-top: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;}:root :where(.wp-element-button, .wp-block-button__link){background-color: #32373c;border-width: 0;color: #fff;font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;padding: calc(0.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration: none;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='nectar_default_font_open_sans-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans%3A300%2C400%2C600%2C700&subset=latin%2Clatin-ext' media='all' />    <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://synaptica.com/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://synaptica.com/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/4977" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://synaptica.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.7.1" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://wp.me/p4gXm0-1ih' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://synaptica.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsynaptica.com%2Fsynaptica-insights-keith-bloomfield-deweese%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://synaptica.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fsynaptica.com%2Fsynaptica-insights-keith-bloomfield-deweese%2F&format=xml" /> <meta name="generator" content="Site Kit by Google 1.140.0" />   <style>img#wpstats{display:none}</style> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="JowHpGRmIDH64AGxQKv6qNQzX4NjIwcWJguZWnRqSjk" />       <meta name="google-adsense-platform-account" content="ca-host-pub-2644536267352236"> <meta name="google-adsense-platform-domain" content="sitekit.withgoogle.com">  <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin /> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans&display=swap" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans&display=swap" media="all" /> <meta name="generator" content="Powered by WPBakery Page Builder - drag and drop page builder for WordPress."/> <style> div[id*='ajaxsearchlitesettings'].searchsettings .asl_option_inner label { font-size: 0px !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); } div[id*='ajaxsearchlitesettings'].searchsettings .asl_option_inner label:after { font-size: 11px !important; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; z-index: 1; } .asl_w_container { width: 90%; margin: 0px 0px 0px 0px; min-width: 200px; } div[id*='ajaxsearchlite'].asl_m { width: 100%; } div[id*='ajaxsearchliteres'].wpdreams_asl_results div.resdrg span.highlighted { font-weight: bold; color: rgb(43, 208, 217); background-color: rgba(238, 238, 238, 1); } div[id*='ajaxsearchliteres'].wpdreams_asl_results .results img.asl_image { width: 70px; height: 70px; object-fit: cover; } div.asl_r .results { max-height: none; } .asl_m .probox svg { fill: rgb(50, 146, 162) !important; } .asl_m .probox .innericon { background-color: rgba(203, 203, 204, 1) !important; background-image: none !important; -webkit-background-image: none !important; -ms-background-image: none !important; } div.asl_m.asl_w { border:1px solid rgba(50, 146, 162, 1) !important;border-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px !important; box-shadow: none !important; } div.asl_m.asl_w .probox {border: none !important;} div.asl_r.asl_w.vertical .results .item::after { display: block; position: absolute; bottom: 0; content: ''; height: 1px; width: 100%; background: #D8D8D8; } div.asl_r.asl_w.vertical .results .item.asl_last_item::after { display: none; } @media only screen and (min-width: 641px) and (max-width: 1024px) { .asl_w_container { width: 100% !important; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 640px) { .asl_w_container { width: 100% !important; } } </style> <link rel="icon" href="https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/cropped-Sqynaptica_logo_only_white-1.png?fit=32%2C32&ssl=1" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/cropped-Sqynaptica_logo_only_white-1.png?fit=192%2C192&ssl=1" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/cropped-Sqynaptica_logo_only_white-1.png?fit=180%2C180&ssl=1" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/cropped-Sqynaptica_logo_only_white-1.png?fit=270%2C270&ssl=1" /> <noscript><style> .wpb_animate_when_almost_visible { opacity: 1; }</style></noscript></head><body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-4977 single-format-standard ascend wpb-js-composer js-comp-ver-7.8.1 vc_responsive" data-footer-reveal="false" data-footer-reveal-shadow="none" data-header-format="default" data-body-border="off" data-boxed-style="" data-header-breakpoint="1000" data-dropdown-style="minimal" data-cae="easeOutCubic" data-cad="750" data-megamenu-width="full-width" data-aie="none" data-ls="magnific" data-apte="standard" data-hhun="1" data-fancy-form-rcs="1" data-form-style="default" data-form-submit="see-through" data-is="minimal" data-button-style="default" data-user-account-button="false" data-flex-cols="true" data-col-gap="default" data-header-inherit-rc="false" data-header-search="false" data-animated-anchors="true" data-ajax-transitions="false" data-full-width-header="false" data-slide-out-widget-area="true" data-slide-out-widget-area-style="slide-out-from-right" data-user-set-ocm="off" data-loading-animation="none" data-bg-header="true" data-responsive="1" data-ext-responsive="true" data-ext-padding="90" data-header-resize="0" data-header-color="custom" data-transparent-header="false" data-cart="false" data-remove-m-parallax="1" data-remove-m-video-bgs="1" data-m-animate="0" data-force-header-trans-color="light" data-smooth-scrolling="0" data-permanent-transparent="false" > <a href="#ajax-content-wrap" class="nectar-skip-to-content">Skip to main content</a> <div id="header-space" data-header-mobile-fixed='false'></div> <div id="header-outer" data-has-menu="true" data-has-buttons="no" data-header-button_style="default" data-using-pr-menu="false" data-mobile-fixed="false" data-ptnm="false" data-lhe="animated_underline" data-user-set-bg="#ffffff" data-format="default" data-permanent-transparent="false" data-megamenu-rt="1" data-remove-fixed="0" data-header-resize="0" data-cart="false" data-transparency-option="0" data-box-shadow="small" data-shrink-num="40" data-using-secondary="0" data-using-logo="1" data-logo-height="80" data-m-logo-height="40" data-padding="28" data-full-width="false" data-condense="false" > <header id="top"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col span_3"> <a id="logo" href="https://synaptica.com" data-supplied-ml-starting-dark="false" data-supplied-ml-starting="false" data-supplied-ml="false" > <img class="stnd skip-lazy dark-version" width="404" height="160" alt="Synaptica" src="https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Synaptica-Dark-Logo.png?fit=404%2C160&ssl=1" /> </a> </div> <div class="col span_9 col_last"> <div class="nectar-mobile-only mobile-header"><div class="inner"></div></div> <div class="slide-out-widget-area-toggle mobile-icon slide-out-from-right" data-custom-color="false" data-icon-animation="simple-transform"> <div> <a href="#slide-out-widget-area" role="button" aria-label="Navigation Menu" aria-expanded="false" class="closed"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Menu</span><span aria-hidden="true"> <i class="lines-button x2"> <i class="lines"></i> </i> </span> </a></div> </div> <nav aria-label="Main Menu"> <ul class="sf-menu"> <li id="menu-item-4959" class="unclickable menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-4959"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="menu-title-text">Products & Services</span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-1755" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-1755"><a href="https://synaptica.com/synaptica-graphite/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="menu-title-text">Graphite – Taxonomy & Ontology Management</span><span class="sf-sub-indicator"><i class="fa fa-angle-right icon-in-menu" aria-hidden="true"></i></span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-5182" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-5182"><a href="https://synaptica.com/sharepoint-connector/"><span class="menu-title-text">SharePoint Connector</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-8001" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-8001"><a href="https://synaptica.com/graphite-ai-studio/"><span class="menu-title-text">AI Studio</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-7975" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-7975"><a href="https://squirro.com/knowledge-graphs"><span class="menu-title-text">Knowledge Graphs</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5953" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-5953"><a href="https://synaptica.com/professional-services/"><span class="menu-title-text">Professional Services</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-5707" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-5707"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="menu-title-text">Resources</span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-1192" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-1192"><a href="https://synaptica.com/resources/"><span class="menu-title-text">Resources & Links</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5705" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-5705"><a href="https://synaptica.com/enterprise-taxonomy-management-2/"><span class="menu-title-text">Enterprise Taxonomy Management</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6847" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-6847"><a href="https://synaptica.com/presentations/"><span class="menu-title-text">Presentations</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-5708" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-5708"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="menu-title-text">About Us</span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-1184" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-1184"><a href="https://synaptica.com/about-us/"><span class="menu-title-text">About Us</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-7981" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-7981"><a href="https://squirro.com/"><span class="menu-title-text">Squirro</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-5841" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-5841"><a href="https://synaptica.com/industries/"><span class="menu-title-text">Industries</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-6527" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-6527"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="menu-title-text">Blog & Insights</span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-6526" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-6526"><a href="https://synaptica.com/blog/"><span class="menu-title-text">Blog & News</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-6394" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-6394"><a href="https://synaptica.com/insights/"><span class="menu-title-text">Insights</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul class="buttons sf-menu" data-user-set-ocm="off"> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </header> </div> <div id="search-outer" class="nectar"> <div id="search"> <div class="container"> <div id="search-box"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <div class="col span_12"> <form role="search" action="https://synaptica.com/" method="GET"> <input type="text" name="s" id="s" value="Start Typing..." aria-label="Search" data-placeholder="Start Typing..." /> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div id="close"><a href="#"><span class="screen-reader-text">Close Search</span> <span class="icon-salient-x" aria-hidden="true"></span> </a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="ajax-content-wrap"> <div id="page-header-wrap" data-animate-in-effect="none" data-midnight="light" class="" style="height: 350px;"><div id="page-header-bg" class=" hentry" data-post-hs="default" data-padding-amt="normal" data-animate-in-effect="none" data-midnight="light" data-text-effect="" data-bg-pos="top" data-alignment="left" data-alignment-v="middle" data-parallax="0" data-height="350" style="background-color: #000; height:350px;"> <div class="page-header-bg-image-wrap" id="nectar-page-header-p-wrap" data-parallax-speed="fast"> <div class="page-header-bg-image" style="background-image: url(https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/bundle-1853667_1280.jpg?fit=1280%2C853&ssl=1);"></div> </div> <div class="container"><img loading="lazy" class="hidden-social-img" src="https://www.synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/bundle-1853667_1280.jpg" alt="Synaptica Insights | Keith Bloomfield-DeWeese" style="display: none;" /> <div class="row"> <div class="col span_6 section-title blog-title" data-remove-post-date="0" data-remove-post-author="0" data-remove-post-comment-number="0"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h1 class="entry-title">Synaptica Insights | Keith Bloomfield-DeWeese</h1> <div id="single-below-header" data-hide-on-mobile="true"> <span class="meta-author vcard author"><span class="fn"><span class="author-leading">By</span> <a href="https://synaptica.com/author/vivslf/" title="Posts by Vivs Long-Ferguson" rel="author">Vivs Long-Ferguson</a></span></span><span class="meta-date date published">August 12, 2020</span><span class="meta-date date updated rich-snippet-hidden">April 25th, 2024</span><span class="meta-category"><a class="controlled-vocabularies" href="https://synaptica.com/category/controlled-vocabularies/">Controlled Vocabularies</a>, <a class="ontology" href="https://synaptica.com/category/ontology/">Ontology</a></span> </div> <div id="single-meta"> <div class="meta-comment-count"> <a href="https://synaptica.com/synaptica-insights-keith-bloomfield-deweese/#respond"><i class="icon-default-style steadysets-icon-chat-3"></i> No Comments</a> </div> <div class="nectar-social hover" data-position="right" data-rm-love="1" data-color-override="override"><span class="share-btn"> <i class="icon-default-style steadysets-icon-share"></i> Share</span><div class="nectar-social-inner"></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container-wrap no-sidebar" data-midnight="dark" data-remove-post-date="0" data-remove-post-author="0" data-remove-post-comment-number="0"> <div class="container main-content"> <div class="row"> <div class="post-area col standard-minimal span_12 col_last" role="main"> <article id="post-4977" class="post-4977 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-controlled-vocabularies category-ontology tag-case-study tag-insights tag-interview tag-use-case"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <div class="post-content" data-hide-featured-media="0"> <div class="content-inner"> <div id="fws_674736e8200c1" data-column-margin="default" data-midnight="dark" class="wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; "><div class="row-bg-wrap" data-bg-animation="none" data-bg-animation-delay="" data-bg-overlay="false"><div class="inner-wrap row-bg-layer" ><div class="row-bg viewport-desktop" style=""></div></div></div><div class="row_col_wrap_12 col span_12 dark left"> <div class="vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding" data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" > <div class="vc_column-inner" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p><i><span data-contrast="none">For over fifteen years, Keith Bloomfield-DeWeese has been engaged in all aspects of metadata development, application, and management across the publishing, finance, and news media industries. Starting as an index and thesaurus editor working on digital consumer products at Encyclopaedia Britannica, his experience there lead him to manage controlled vocabularies and machine-assisted indexing initiatives and programs for the Federal Reserve, Dow Jones, the Tribune Company, and Gannett-USA Today. </span></i><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></p> <p><i><span data-contrast="none">For this Insight interview, Keith shared his experiences plus his continued interest in controlled vocabularies, ontology development, and content categorization as part of machine-learning. </span></i><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div id="fws_674736e820c1f" data-column-margin="default" data-midnight="dark" class="wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; "><div class="row-bg-wrap" data-bg-animation="none" data-bg-animation-delay="" data-bg-overlay="false"><div class="inner-wrap row-bg-layer" ><div class="row-bg viewport-desktop" style=""></div></div></div><div class="row_col_wrap_12 col span_12 dark left"> <div class="vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding" data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" > <div class="vc_column-inner" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <h3><b><span data-contrast="none">Tell us about you and your early experiences</span></b><b><span data-contrast="none">.</span></b><b><span data-contrast="none"> </span></b><span data-ccp-props="{"134233117":true,"134233118":true,"201341983":0,"335559740":360}"> </span></h3> <p><b>Keith:</b> In the early part of my career, I worked in academic libraries and taught. After receiving my Master’s of Science in Information Science and Library Studies, over the years I augmented my studies and work experience informally studying <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language_processing">natural language processing</a>, ontology, and machine learning and applying what I learned to my work as I advanced in my career. My foundation and grounding, though, began by being an index and thesaurus editor for <a href="https://www.britannica.com/">Encyclopaedia Britannica</a>.</p> <p>Britannica was the first encyclopedia to create an index of its content, which means that a reader could find the main article on <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Joan-of-Arc"><i>Joan of Arc</i></a> under “J,” using the alphabetical arrangement of entries; but, also, within the index, locate all other entries in the encyclopedia that included significant information about her, say, in the article about <i>Charles VII of France</i>, in the article about the notorious <i>Gilles de Rais</i>, and so on.</p> <p>During this period, in the early 2000s, I was fortunate to have been mentored by a brilliant linguist, Carmen Hetrea, at Britannica. She shared with me tactics that I still use today. It was a grounding different, perhaps, to someone who came up solely through the library path. The experience I acquired working in libraries I consider inestimable; but the basics of linguistics that I learned at this time really helped me find the niche in which I’ve enjoyed working for so many years now.</p> <p>The people I worked with at this time were incredibly forward-thinking. I can still distinctly recall discussions with them about how encyclopedia knowledge, combined with the index and thesaurus, could feed into an artificial intelligence system. For me, it was one “light bulb moment” after another and which I would keep going back to as my career progressed.</p> <p>What became increasingly clear to me was the need to relate terms, concepts, to each other, in some way, and <i>semantically</i>. Implicitly, human beings understand the relationships that exist between concepts, but it’s not so simple, not implicit, for machines. For automation, relationships between concepts need to be made explicit, they need to be specified. No concept exists on an island, alone. All concepts exist within some kind of network.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div id="fws_674736e8216b4" data-column-margin="default" data-midnight="dark" class="wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; "><div class="row-bg-wrap" data-bg-animation="none" data-bg-animation-delay="" data-bg-overlay="false"><div class="inner-wrap row-bg-layer" ><div class="row-bg viewport-desktop" style=""></div></div></div><div class="row_col_wrap_12 col span_12 dark left"> <div class="vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding" data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" > <div class="vc_column-inner" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <blockquote class="nectar_single_testimonial" data-color="default" data-style="small_modern"><div class="inner"> <p><span class="open-quote">”</span>“For automation, relationships between concepts need to be made explicit, they need to be specified. No concept exists on an island, alone. All concepts exist within some kind of network.” </p></div></blockquote> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <h3><b><span data-contrast="none">When did you start working with news content?</span></b><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></h3> <p><b><span data-contrast="none">Keith: </span></b><span data-contrast="none">My first exposure to the news world was when I joined Dow Jones as a taxonomy consultant. It was during this period that I met and worked with Dave Clarke and his brilliant team. Even though I wasn’t working directly with Dow Jones news content at that time, I was in the news sector and moving closer to working directly with news content.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></p> <p><span data-contrast="none">At the time, the news media world was unlike any I had encountered until then with quite different approaches, processes, ways of organizing and accessing content, than I had been used to. I found the cultural differences between academia and Britannica, Dow Jones and the Tribune Company very different, much faster paced in terms of content creation and surfacing workflows. Whereas Britannica was deliberate, painstaking in its editorial and publishing processes, reducing the tempo of news publishing is just not an option. In the news world, no matter what you do, moving fast is everything. It was exciting! During Obama’s first inauguration, we couldn’t go into the Tribune office due to a Chicago snowstorm; </span><span data-contrast="none">but</span><span data-contrast="none"> I was able to watch the ceremony on </span><span data-contrast="none">TV</span><span data-contrast="none">, update the taxonomy remotely, and deploy it to production all while the inauguration was occurring, in real-time. </span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></p> <p><span data-contrast="none">For more specific examples of what it’s like to work at applying descriptive metadata to news content, categorizing it, Iet me refer to Gannett, which is a US media holding company that owns the national newspaper </span><i><span data-contrast="none">USA Today</span></i><span data-contrast="none"> and over 100 local newspapers. In 2019, Gannett merged with GateHouse Media making Gannett, now, the largest newspaper publisher in the States.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></p> <p><span data-contrast="none">As you can expect, in recent months, COVID-19 has become one of Gannett’s focal points, which, with regard to Gannett’s ontology, means defining and contextualizing the concept, “COVID-19,” using numerous attribute values and relationships between the concept and a wide-range of others, spanning various classes with instances covering the economy, health resources, politics, and so on. In Gannett’s case, part of this process also entails the step of writing programs needed to auto-categorize content covering the virus. In other words, it’s not just a matter of creating a hashtag label of #covid19, and leaving it at that.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></p> <p><span data-contrast="none">With news, declaring new instances of classes and creating the programs that auto-categorize is a constant and always interesting. For example, the evolution of a concept’s preferred term and its synonyms, say, for something like COVID-19 can take a</span> <span data-contrast="none">while. When the virus first appeared on my radar in January news feeds, it was commonly referred to as “Wuhan virus.” Before Gannett, and other news organizations, settled on what to call it, what was in the best interest of journalistic excellency exercising sensitivity with regard to the cultural facets of the virus, its preferred term label changed a handful of times.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div id="fws_674736e822476" data-column-margin="default" data-midnight="dark" class="wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; "><div class="row-bg-wrap" data-bg-animation="none" data-bg-animation-delay="" data-bg-overlay="false"><div class="inner-wrap row-bg-layer" ><div class="row-bg viewport-desktop" style=""></div></div></div><div class="row_col_wrap_12 col span_12 dark left"> <div class="vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding" data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" > <div class="vc_column-inner" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <h3><b><span data-contrast="none">What kinds of challenges did the merger create?</span></b><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></h3> <p><b><span data-contrast="none">Keith:</span></b><span data-contrast="none"> Well, at all levels of the enterprise, it challenged notions of what is valuable content, which, by extension, challenges priorities when augmenting controlled vocabularies and the relations that exist between existing and new instances of classes. It meant, too, that now, instead of only USA Today and the local news sites publishing before the merger, there were, post-merger, many more local news sites to consider. For controlled vocabulary work, it meant many, many more named entities needing to be manually defined in the ontology and related to each other</span><span data-contrast="none">.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></p> <p><span data-contrast="none">In news organizations, at least the ones I’ve worked at, relating concepts is typically a manual exercise, which is often surprising to some because there do seem to be pervasive notions that machines just “know” which concepts relate to each other without any kind of human prompting or training. That’s a nice idea and, certainly, there are brilliant people programming machines to do just that; but, since so many news organizations are “in the red,” they just can’t afford to experiment and invest in those systems.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div id="fws_674736e822e5b" data-column-margin="default" data-midnight="dark" class="wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; "><div class="row-bg-wrap" data-bg-animation="none" data-bg-animation-delay="" data-bg-overlay="false"><div class="inner-wrap row-bg-layer" ><div class="row-bg viewport-desktop" style=""></div></div></div><div class="row_col_wrap_12 col span_12 dark left"> <div class="vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding" data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" > <div class="vc_column-inner" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <h3><b><span data-contrast="none">Tell us about the idea of a tag being like the ‘</span></b><b><span data-contrast="none">tip of an iceberg</span></b><b><span data-contrast="none">’.</span></b><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></h3> <p><b><span data-contrast="none">Keith:</span></b><span data-contrast="none"> I’ve used the metaphor of an iceberg when, explaining taxonomy and ontology, to help stakeholders understand that a tag is not just a hashtag or a string of letters, </span><span data-contrast="none">it’s a </span><span data-contrast="none">label that represents a concept. I’ve frequently encountered enterprise stakeholder assumptions that, what the end-user sees, the preferred term is all that exists, all that the knowledge worker creates for a vocabulary. That’s completely understandable particularly when, more often than not, news media project owners do not have any hands-on experience in actually creating vocabularies. I use the iceberg metaphor to help them understand that the preferred term is just “the tip of the iceberg” so they get a better sense of what is beneath the tip, the attribute values a term record stores other than just a preferred label. Having even a bit of that understanding can mean the difference between successfully navigating whatever the project is that will use the vocabulary rather than being surprised and not navigating the project so well, hitting the iceberg, and sinking a project.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></p> </div> </div> <div class="divider-wrap" data-alignment="default"><div style="height: 25px;" class="divider"></div></div><div class="img-with-aniamtion-wrap " data-max-width="100%" data-max-width-mobile="100%" data-shadow="none" data-animation="fade-in" > <div class="inner"> <div class="hover-wrap"> <div class="hover-wrap-inner"> <img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="img-with-animation skip-lazy nectar-lazy" data-delay="0" height="1200" width="1854" data-animation="fade-in" data-nectar-img-src="https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Tip-of-the-Iceberg.png?fit=1854%2C1200&ssl=1" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D'http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg'%20viewBox%3D'0%200%201854%201200'%2F%3E" alt="Tip of the Iceberg Graphic" data-nectar-img-srcset="https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Tip-of-the-Iceberg.png?w=1854&ssl=1 1854w, https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Tip-of-the-Iceberg.png?resize=300%2C194&ssl=1 300w, https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Tip-of-the-Iceberg.png?resize=1024%2C663&ssl=1 1024w, https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Tip-of-the-Iceberg.png?resize=768%2C497&ssl=1 768w, https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Tip-of-the-Iceberg.png?resize=1536%2C994&ssl=1 1536w" sizes="(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div id="fws_674736e824612" data-column-margin="default" data-midnight="dark" class="wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; "><div class="row-bg-wrap" data-bg-animation="none" data-bg-animation-delay="" data-bg-overlay="false"><div class="inner-wrap row-bg-layer" ><div class="row-bg viewport-desktop" style=""></div></div></div><div class="row_col_wrap_12 col span_12 dark left"> <div class="vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding" data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" > <div class="vc_column-inner" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <h3><b><span data-contrast="none">Can you describe what a news organization’s ontology is like? What </span></b><b><span data-contrast="none">are the </span></b><b><span data-contrast="none">components</span></b><b><span data-contrast="none">?</span></b><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></h3> <p><b><span data-contrast="none">Keith: </span></b><span data-contrast="none">The Gannett ontology, </span><span data-contrast="none">i</span><span data-contrast="none">n its current state, has nine classes used to organize 70,000+ concept instances. An example of a class is Subjects, which has instances that represent general concepts (i.e., not named entities). These general concepts are frequently the same as the names of news site sections, such as “Sports” and “Entertainment.” Then there are other classes, such as Companies and Persons, to name two, which contain instances of named entities, for example, “IBM” and “Claude Monet,” respectively. Lastly, there are classes, such as Systems, the instances of which are used to describe how and where content may be used, should be used, in the publishing system. An example of this class would be “sponsored</span> <span data-contrast="none">Lockoff,” which is unique to Gannett and doesn’t really make much sense outside of the enterprise.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></p> <p>Across the classes, the instances are related to each other using recommendations put forward by standards organizations, one being the <a href="https://www.w3.org/">W3C</a>. Additionally, class instances are, where appropriate, mapped to <a href="https://iptc.org/">IPTC</a> ”Media Topics” and, for advertising purposes, to <a href="https://www.iabuk.com/">the Interactive Advertising Bureau</a>’s taxonomy. A subset of instance records contain Wikidata links, too.</p> <p><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div id="fws_674736e8250db" data-column-margin="default" data-midnight="dark" class="wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; "><div class="row-bg-wrap" data-bg-animation="none" data-bg-animation-delay="" data-bg-overlay="false"><div class="inner-wrap row-bg-layer" ><div class="row-bg viewport-desktop" style=""></div></div></div><div class="row_col_wrap_12 col span_12 dark left"> <div class="vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding" data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" > <div class="vc_column-inner" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <h3><b><span data-contrast="none">What do you feel is the biggest challenge for the news sector?</span></b><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></h3> <p><b><span data-contrast="none">Keith: </span></b><span data-contrast="none">Well, these days, it’s decreasing revenue, particularly from advertising. The ripple effect of that is that dollars are allocated for mission critical initiatives, for example, merging near-incompatible publishing platforms; and dollars are not readily available for initiatives considered important but non-mission critical, just not important </span><i><span data-contrast="none">enough</span></i><span data-contrast="none">. Taxonomy, ontology, machine learning, etc., tend to fall into the latter category.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></p> <p><span data-contrast="none">I think, frequently, some news organizations then get in “Catch-22” kinds of situations in which they could benefit enormously from work invested in developing and maintaining controlled vocabularies; but, in a kind of desperation to generate revenue, taxonomy, in order to get buy in, is cast as a panacea that can make up for issues created by broken news management systems and their myriad workflows. To paraphrase a former news colleague, taxonomy just isn’t</span><i><span data-contrast="none"> auto-magical </span></i><span data-contrast="none">enough to meet mismanaged expectations.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div id="fws_674736e825b2c" data-column-margin="default" data-midnight="dark" class="wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; "><div class="row-bg-wrap" data-bg-animation="none" data-bg-animation-delay="" data-bg-overlay="false"><div class="inner-wrap row-bg-layer" ><div class="row-bg viewport-desktop" style=""></div></div></div><div class="row_col_wrap_12 col span_12 dark left"> <div class="vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding" data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" > <div class="vc_column-inner" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <h3><b><span data-contrast="none">What words of advice do you have for those working with taxonomy and news content? </span></b><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></h3> <p><b><span data-contrast="none">Keith: </span></b><span data-contrast="none">Three pieces of advice which, though pretty obvious, I think are always worth repeating:</span></p> <ul> <li>Build on the work of others. By that, I mean consider starting your taxonomy initiative, laying its foundation, using resources such as the <a href="https://iptc.org/">IPTC</a> ”Media Topics” and <a href="https://www.iabuk.com/">the Interactive Advertising Bureau</a>’s (IAB) taxonomy. These resources are good starting points and designed to be used for news content.</li> <li>Avoid thinking that IPTC, IAB, or any other resource is a “set it and forget it” kind of tool. It’s only a foundation on which to continually build, so know that, accept it, and plan, accordingly, to engage in the continuous expansion of your taxonomy. Neither IPTC nor IAB have “Coronaviruses” in their taxonomies but there could be many use cases requiring that it be in a news organization’s taxonomy.</li> <li>Manage expectations up and across the stakeholder chain. Not an easy task considering the number of stakeholders that one encounters in news organizations and their experience with or understanding of taxonomy; but, honesty, transparency regarding what to expect, I have found, is always best.</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div id="fws_674736e8264f2" data-column-margin="default" data-midnight="dark" class="wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; "><div class="row-bg-wrap" data-bg-animation="none" data-bg-animation-delay="" data-bg-overlay="false"><div class="inner-wrap row-bg-layer" ><div class="row-bg viewport-desktop" style=""></div></div></div><div class="row_col_wrap_12 col span_12 dark left"> <div class="vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding" data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" > <div class="vc_column-inner" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <blockquote class="nectar_single_testimonial" data-color="default" data-style="small_modern"><div class="inner"> <p><span class="open-quote">”</span>“Manage expectations up and across the stakeholder chain. Not an easy task considering the number of stakeholders that one encounters in news organizations and their experience with or understanding of taxonomy; but, honesty, transparency regarding what to expect, I have found, is always best.” </p></div></blockquote> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div id="fws_674736e826e20" data-column-margin="default" data-midnight="dark" class="wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; "><div class="row-bg-wrap" data-bg-animation="none" data-bg-animation-delay="" data-bg-overlay="false"><div class="inner-wrap row-bg-layer" ><div class="row-bg viewport-desktop" style=""></div></div></div><div class="row_col_wrap_12 col span_12 dark left"> <div class="vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding" data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" > <div class="vc_column-inner" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p><span data-contrast="none">More “in the weeds,” and when you’re actually analyzing news content to find concepts to add to your vocabulary, you might consider what I call ‘the rule of three.’ which I picked up when I worked at Encyclopaedia Britannica. I asked my mentor, “How do you know when to add a new term to the index?” Her advice: when analyzing an encyclopedia article to find potential index terms, and you think you may have found one, test it by asking yourself, ‘Will readers learn at least three things about the concept when they follow the new index term to article? If the answer is, ‘Yes,’ then consider including it in the index. It’s a simple rule of thumb, but one that I still use. Of course, it’s not the only heuristic that one might use because indexing and taxonomy work are too complex to be reduced to such simplicity. But, as I’ve mentored taxonomists over the years, I’ve shared it and they’ve told me they’ve found it helpful.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></p> <p><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> I would also recommend referencing the NISO <a href="https://www.niso.org/publications/ansiniso-z3919-2005-r2010">Guidelines for the Construction, Format, and Management of Monolingual Controlled Vocabularies</a>. Memorize it if you can.</span></p> <p><span data-contrast="none">Lastly, keep an open mind. As much as news revenue might be generated by advertising on a sports page or in the entertainment section, something like COVID-19 comes along and impacts everything, across all sections of a new site. Expect and plan for it. Though newspapers were once printed in black and white, news sites do not exist in a black and white world, and will not prosper black and white thinking.</span><span data-ccp-props="{"201341983":0,"335559739":0,"335559740":240}"> </span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div id="fws_674736e827806" data-column-margin="default" data-midnight="dark" class="wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; "><div class="row-bg-wrap" data-bg-animation="none" data-bg-animation-delay="" data-bg-overlay="false"><div class="inner-wrap row-bg-layer" ><div class="row-bg viewport-desktop" style=""></div></div></div><div class="row_col_wrap_12 col span_12 dark left"> <div class="vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding" data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" > <div class="vc_column-inner" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> <p><em>Synaptica Insights is our popular series of interviews and conversations with our customers, partners, influencers, and colleagues. You can review our archive of previous</em> <a href="https://www.synaptica.com/insights/"><em>Insight articles online</em></a><em>.</em></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div id="fws_674736e8280e3" data-column-margin="default" data-midnight="dark" class="wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; "><div class="row-bg-wrap" data-bg-animation="none" data-bg-animation-delay="" data-bg-overlay="false"><div class="inner-wrap row-bg-layer" ><div class="row-bg viewport-desktop" style=""></div></div></div><div class="row_col_wrap_12 col span_12 dark left"> <div class="vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding" data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" > <div class="vc_column-inner" > <div class="wpb_wrapper"> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div id='jp-relatedposts' class='jp-relatedposts' > <h3 class="jp-relatedposts-headline"><em>Related Posts</em></h3> </div></div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div data-post-header-style="default" class="blog_next_prev_buttons vc_row-fluid wpb_row full-width-content standard_section" data-style="fullwidth_next_only" data-midnight="light"> <div class="post-bg-img" style="background-image: url(https://www.synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Synaptica-Concept-Art-2.jpg);"></div> <div class="col span_12 dark left"> <div class="inner"> <span><i class="next-prev-title">Next Post</i></span><a href="https://synaptica.com/graphite-3-0/" rel="prev"><h3>Graphite 3.0</h3></a> </div> </div> <span class="bg-overlay"></span> <span class="full-link"><a href="https://synaptica.com/graphite-3-0/" rel="prev">Graphite 3.0</a></span> </div> <div id="author-bio" data-midnight="dark" class="full-width-section "> <div class="span_12"> <div id="author-info"> <h3 class="nectar-author-info-title"><span><i>Author</i></span> Vivs Long-Ferguson</h3> <p>Marketing Manager at Synaptica LLC. Joined in 2017, leads on marketing, social media and executive operations.</p> </div> <a href="https://synaptica.com/author/vivslf/" data-hover-text-color-override="#fff" data-hover-color-override="false" data-color-override="#000000" class="nectar-button see-through-2 large">More posts by Vivs Long-Ferguson </a> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </div> <div class="comments-section" data-author-bio="true"> <div class="comment-wrap full-width-section custom-skip" data-midnight="dark" data-comments-open="false">   </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="footer-outer" data-midnight="light" data-cols="3" data-custom-color="true" data-disable-copyright="false" data-matching-section-color="false" data-copyright-line="true" data-using-bg-img="false" data-bg-img-overlay="0.8" data-full-width="false" data-using-widget-area="true" data-link-hover="default"> <div id="call-to-action"> <div class="container"> <div class="triangle"></div> <span> Discover More </span> <a class="nectar-button see-through" data-color-override="false" href="mailto:info@synaptica.com"> Request a Demo </a> </div> </div> <div id="footer-widgets" data-has-widgets="true" data-cols="3"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col span_4"> <div id="search-5" class="widget widget_search"><div class="asl_w_container asl_w_container_1"> <div id='ajaxsearchlite1' data-id="1" data-instance="1" class="asl_w asl_m asl_m_1 asl_m_1_1"> <div class="probox"> <div class='prosettings' style='display:none;' data-opened=0> <div class='innericon'> <svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="22" height="22" viewBox="0 0 512 512" enable-background="new 0 0 512 512" xml:space="preserve"> <polygon transform = "rotate(90 256 256)" points="142.332,104.886 197.48,50 402.5,256 197.48,462 142.332,407.113 292.727,256 "/> </svg> </div> </div> <div class='proinput'> <form role="search" action='#' autocomplete="off" aria-label="Search form"> <input aria-label="Search input" type='search' class='orig' tabindex="0" name='phrase' placeholder='Search synaptica.com' value='' autocomplete="off"/> <input aria-label="Search autocomplete input" type='text' class='autocomplete' tabindex="-1" name='phrase' value='' autocomplete="off" disabled/> <input type='submit' value="Start search" style='width:0; height: 0; visibility: hidden;'> </form> </div> <button class='promagnifier' tabindex="0" aria-label="Search magnifier button"> <span class='innericon' style="display:block;"> <svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="22" height="22" viewBox="0 0 512 512" enable-background="new 0 0 512 512" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M460.355,421.59L353.844,315.078c20.041-27.553,31.885-61.437,31.885-98.037 C385.729,124.934,310.793,50,218.686,50C126.58,50,51.645,124.934,51.645,217.041c0,92.106,74.936,167.041,167.041,167.041 c34.912,0,67.352-10.773,94.184-29.158L419.945,462L460.355,421.59z M100.631,217.041c0-65.096,52.959-118.056,118.055-118.056 c65.098,0,118.057,52.959,118.057,118.056c0,65.096-52.959,118.056-118.057,118.056C153.59,335.097,100.631,282.137,100.631,217.041 z"/> </svg> </span> </button> <div class='proloading'> <div class="asl_loader"><div class="asl_loader-inner asl_simple-circle"></div></div> </div> <div class='proclose'> <svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="12" height="12" viewBox="0 0 512 512" enable-background="new 0 0 512 512" xml:space="preserve"> <polygon points="438.393,374.595 319.757,255.977 438.378,137.348 374.595,73.607 255.995,192.225 137.375,73.622 73.607,137.352 192.246,255.983 73.622,374.625 137.352,438.393 256.002,319.734 374.652,438.378 "/> </svg> </div> </div> </div> <div class='asl_data_container' style="display:none !important;"> <div class="asl_init_data wpdreams_asl_data_ct" style="display:none !important;" id="asl_init_id_1" data-asl-id="1" data-asl-instance="1" data-asldata="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"></div> <div id="asl_hidden_data"> <svg style="position:absolute" height="0" width="0"> <filter id="aslblur"> <feGaussianBlur in="SourceGraphic" stdDeviation="4"/> </filter> </svg> <svg style="position:absolute" height="0" width="0"> <filter id="no_aslblur"></filter> </svg> </div> </div> <div id='ajaxsearchliteres1' class='vertical wpdreams_asl_results asl_w asl_r asl_r_1 asl_r_1_1'> <div class="results"> <div class="resdrg"> </div> </div> </div> <div id='__original__ajaxsearchlitesettings1' data-id="1" class="searchsettings wpdreams_asl_settings asl_w asl_s asl_s_1"> <form name='options' aria-label="Search settings form" autocomplete = 'off'> <input type="hidden" name="filters_changed" style="display:none;" value="0"> <input type="hidden" name="filters_initial" style="display:none;" value="1"> <div class="asl_option_inner hiddend"> <input type='hidden' name='qtranslate_lang' id='qtranslate_lang1' value='0'/> </div> <fieldset class="asl_sett_scroll"> <legend style="display: none;">Generic selectors</legend> <div class="asl_option" tabindex="0"> <div class="asl_option_inner"> <input type="checkbox" value="exact" aria-label="Exact matches only" name="asl_gen[]" /> <div class="asl_option_checkbox"></div> </div> <div class="asl_option_label"> Exact matches only </div> </div> <div class="asl_option" tabindex="0"> <div class="asl_option_inner"> <input type="checkbox" value="title" aria-label="Search in title" name="asl_gen[]" checked="checked"/> <div class="asl_option_checkbox"></div> </div> <div class="asl_option_label"> Search in title </div> </div> <div class="asl_option" tabindex="0"> <div class="asl_option_inner"> <input type="checkbox" value="content" aria-label="Search in content" name="asl_gen[]" checked="checked"/> <div class="asl_option_checkbox"></div> </div> <div class="asl_option_label"> Search in content </div> </div> <div class="asl_option_inner hiddend"> <input type="checkbox" value="excerpt" aria-label="Search in excerpt" name="asl_gen[]" checked="checked"/> <div class="asl_option_checkbox"></div> </div> </fieldset> <fieldset class="asl_sett_scroll"> <legend style="display: none;">Post Type Selectors</legend> <div class="asl_option_inner hiddend"> <input type="checkbox" value="post" aria-label="Hidden option, ignore please" name="customset[]" checked="checked"/> </div> <div class="asl_option_inner hiddend"> <input type="checkbox" value="page" aria-label="Hidden option, ignore please" name="customset[]" checked="checked"/> </div> </fieldset> </form> </div> </div></div><div id="text-4" class="widget widget_text"><h4>Contact Us</h4> <div class="textwidget"><div class="textwidget"> <p><strong>Synaptica</strong><br /> A Squirro Company</p> <p><a href="mailto:info@synaptica.com">For Sales & Product Information: info@synaptica.com</a></p> <p><a href="mailto:support@synaptica.com">For Technical Support: support@synaptica.com</a></p> <p>For policy information including privacy and data protection visit <a href="https://squirro.com/">Squirro.com</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col span_4"> <div id="block-5" class="widget widget_block widget_media_image"> <figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><a href="https://synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Synaptica-Squirro-Logo-Portrait-1.png"><img decoding="async" width="352" height="304" src="https://synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Synaptica-Squirro-Logo-Portrait-1.png" alt="" class="wp-image-7778" style="width:252px;height:auto" srcset="https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Synaptica-Squirro-Logo-Portrait-1.png?w=352&ssl=1 352w, https://i0.wp.com/synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Synaptica-Squirro-Logo-Portrait-1.png?resize=300%2C259&ssl=1 300w" sizes="(max-width: 352px) 100vw, 352px" /></a></figure> </div> </div> <div class="col span_4"> <div id="block-2" class="widget widget_block"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Stay Connected</h2> </div><div id="block-4" class="widget widget_block"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:100%"> <div class="wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"><div class="wp-widget-group__inner-blocks"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:100%"> <div class="textwidget"> <p><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/synaptica-llc/" target="_blank"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/LinkedIn-Logo_x30.png" alt=""></a><br> Follow us on LinkedIn: <br> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/synaptica-llc/" target="_blank">www.linkedin.com/synaptica-llc</a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/squirroag/" target="_blank">www.linkedin.com/squirroag</a> </p> </div> <hr> <div class="textwidget"> <p><a href="https://bit.ly/SynapticaYouTube" target="_blank"><img decoding="async" src=" https://www.synaptica.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/youtube_sm.jpg" alt=""></a><br> Subscribe to our YouTube Channel:<br> <a href="https://bit.ly/SynapticaYouTube" target="_blank">@Synaptica</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row" id="copyright" data-layout="default"> <div class="container"> <div class="col span_5"> <p>© 2024 Synaptica. </p> </div> <div class="col span_7 col_last"> <ul class="social"> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/synaptica-llc"><span class="screen-reader-text">linkedin</span><i class="fa fa-linkedin" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://bit.ly/SynapticaYouTube"><span class="screen-reader-text">youtube</span><i class="fa fa-youtube-play" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="slide-out-widget-area-bg" class="slide-out-from-right dark"> </div> <div id="slide-out-widget-area" class="slide-out-from-right" data-dropdown-func="default" data-back-txt="Back"> <div class="inner" data-prepend-menu-mobile="false"> <a class="slide_out_area_close" href="#"><span class="screen-reader-text">Close Menu</span> <span class="icon-salient-x icon-default-style"></span> </a> <div class="off-canvas-menu-container mobile-only" role="navigation"> <ul class="menu"> <li class="unclickable menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-4959"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Products & Services</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-1755"><a href="https://synaptica.com/synaptica-graphite/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Graphite – Taxonomy & Ontology Management</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5182"><a href="https://synaptica.com/sharepoint-connector/">SharePoint Connector</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-8001"><a href="https://synaptica.com/graphite-ai-studio/">AI Studio</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7975"><a href="https://squirro.com/knowledge-graphs">Knowledge Graphs</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5953"><a href="https://synaptica.com/professional-services/">Professional Services</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5707"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Resources</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1192"><a href="https://synaptica.com/resources/">Resources & Links</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5705"><a href="https://synaptica.com/enterprise-taxonomy-management-2/">Enterprise Taxonomy Management</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6847"><a href="https://synaptica.com/presentations/">Presentations</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-5708"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">About Us</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1184"><a href="https://synaptica.com/about-us/">About Us</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-7981"><a href="https://squirro.com/">Squirro</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5841"><a href="https://synaptica.com/industries/">Industries</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-6527"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Blog & Insights</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6526"><a href="https://synaptica.com/blog/">Blog & News</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-6394"><a href="https://synaptica.com/insights/">Insights</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> <ul class="menu secondary-header-items"> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="bottom-meta-wrap"></div> </div> </div>  <a id="to-top" aria-label="Back to top" href="#" class="mobile-enabled"><i role="presentation" class="fa fa-angle-up"></i></a> <link rel='stylesheet' id='all-css-622af788687d1c08a824013c4f7911b8' href='https://synaptica.com/_jb_static/??-eJyNy0EOgkAMQNHbuHJsMHHEBfEspXawSadDaMF4e+UGLH9+HnzmRM2CLSDeXNnBUWVPcodxFX2Bx1c5WbNEi4QQ6uU/z3DEzrpOYg4VJ5MidFy2UhKhbehAbeEdPuvQ3a855/726E80Dt0PYHZGTg==' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='core-block-supports-inline-css'> .wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2{flex-wrap:nowrap;}.wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3{flex-wrap:nowrap;} </style> <script id='google_gtagjs-js-consent-mode-data-layer'> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('consent', 'default', {"ad_personalization":"denied","ad_storage":"denied","ad_user_data":"denied","analytics_storage":"denied","functionality_storage":"denied","security_storage":"denied","personalization_storage":"denied","region":["AT","BE","BG","CH","CY","CZ","DE","DK","EE","ES","FI","FR","GB","GR","HR","HU","IE","IS","IT","LI","LT","LU","LV","MT","NL","NO","PL","PT","RO","SE","SI","SK"],"wait_for_update":500}); window._googlesitekitConsentCategoryMap = {"statistics":["analytics_storage"],"marketing":["ad_storage","ad_user_data","ad_personalization"],"functional":["functionality_storage","security_storage"],"preferences":["personalization_storage"]}; window._googlesitekitConsents = {"ad_personalization":"denied","ad_storage":"denied","ad_user_data":"denied","analytics_storage":"denied","functionality_storage":"denied","security_storage":"denied","personalization_storage":"denied","region":["AT","BE","BG","CH","CY","CZ","DE","DK","EE","ES","FI","FR","GB","GR","HR","HU","IE","IS","IT","LI","LT","LU","LV","MT","NL","NO","PL","PT","RO","SE","SI","SK"],"wait_for_update":500}</script><script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/synaptica.com\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7.1"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script><script type="text/javascript" id="jetpack_related-posts-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var related_posts_js_options = {"post_heading":"h4"}; /* ]]> */ </script><script type='text/javascript' src='https://synaptica.com/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_inc/build/related-posts/related-posts.min.js?m=1731037021'></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://synaptica.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script><script type='text/javascript' src='https://synaptica.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?m=1691649289'></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-R5KYD8S1P2" id="google_gtagjs-js" async></script><script type="text/javascript" id="google_gtagjs-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag("set","linker",{"domains":["synaptica.com"]}); gtag("js", new Date()); gtag("set", "developer_id.dZTNiMT", true); gtag("config", "G-R5KYD8S1P2"); /* ]]> */ </script><script></script><script class="hsq-set-content-id" data-content-id="blog-post"> var _hsq = _hsq || []; _hsq.push(["setContentType", "blog-post"]); </script><script type="text/javascript"> var root = document.getElementsByTagName( "html" )[0]; root.setAttribute( "class", "js" ); </script><script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-12030719-3"></script><script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} <meta name="google-site-verification" content="JowHpGRmIDH64AGxQKv6qNQzX4NjIwcWJguZWnRqSjk" /> gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-12030719-3'); </script><script type="text/javascript" id="hs-script-loader" async defer src="//js.hs-scripts.com/7145504.js"></script><script> (function (w, d, s, o, f, js, fjs) { w[o] = w[o] || function () { (w[o].q = w[o].q || []).push(arguments) }; (js = d.createElement(s)), (fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]); js.id = o; js.src = f; js.async = 1; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); })(window, document, 'script', 'SquirroGPT', 'https://synaptica.squirro.cloud/app/static/min/custom/synaptica/FinalChat/SquirroGPT.js'); SquirroGPT({ squirroInstanceUrl: 'https://synaptica.squirro.cloud/', projectId: 'LxcwqDSWQAKd4Un7WY41pg', dashboardId: 'TnP9v8nTSnOE10PsYRH7Aw', token: '027d3fd987df91ca5e4464c1be47447c54ad202dd4e550652c03bce7aeab9ffbc4506b168ec6dcdfb79f94ee41995fd88c5edb4f16c8145b71e5014cb0fb7f0f', customButton: false, }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> (function(window, document) { if(navigator.userAgent.match(/(Android|iPod|iPhone|iPad|BlackBerry|IEMobile|Opera Mini)/)) { document.body.className += " using-mobile-browser mobile "; } if(navigator.userAgent.match(/Mac/) && navigator.maxTouchPoints && navigator.maxTouchPoints > 2) { document.body.className += " using-ios-device "; } if( !("ontouchstart" in window) ) { var body = document.querySelector("body"); var winW = window.innerWidth; var bodyW = body.clientWidth; if (winW > bodyW + 4) { body.setAttribute("style", "--scroll-bar-w: " + (winW - bodyW - 4) + "px"); } else { body.setAttribute("style", "--scroll-bar-w: 0px"); } } })(window, document); </script><script type="text/javascript"> var inboxs = new Array(); inboxs['hidezeronumberitem'] = "yes"; inboxs['selectors'] = '.tooltips_list > span'; inboxs['navitemdefaultsize'] = '12px'; inboxs['navitemselectedsize'] = '14px'; inboxs['number'] = "no"; jQuery(document).ready(function () { jQuery('.member_directory_table').directory(inboxs); jQuery('.navitem').css('font-size','12px'); }) </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(document).ready(function () { jQuery('.tooltips_table_items .tooltips_table_title .tooltipsall').each (function() { disabletooltipforclassandidSinglei = jQuery(this).text(); jQuery(this).replaceWith(disabletooltipforclassandidSinglei); }) }) </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(document).ready(function () { jQuery('.tooltips_table_items .tooltips_table_content .tooltipsall').each (function() { disabletooltipforclassandidSinglei = jQuery(this).html(); jQuery(this).replaceWith(disabletooltipforclassandidSinglei); }) }) </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(document).ready(function () { jQuery('.tooltips_table_items .tooltips_table_title .tooltipsall').each (function() { disabletooltipforclassandidSinglei = jQuery(this).text(); jQuery(this).replaceWith(disabletooltipforclassandidSinglei); }) }) </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(document).ready(function () { jQuery('.tooltips_table_items .tooltips_table_content .tooltipsall').each (function() { disabletooltipforclassandidSinglei = jQuery(this).html(); jQuery(this).replaceWith(disabletooltipforclassandidSinglei); }) }) </script><script type="text/html" id="wpb-modifications"> window.wpbCustomElement = 1; </script><script type="text/javascript" id="leadin-script-loader-js-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var leadin_wordpress = {"userRole":"visitor","pageType":"post","leadinPluginVersion":"11.1.73"}; /* ]]> */ </script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://js.hs-scripts.com/7145504.js?integration=WordPress&ver=11.1.73" id="leadin-script-loader-js-js"></script><script type="text/javascript" id="salient-social-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var nectarLove = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/synaptica.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","postID":"4977","rooturl":"https:\/\/synaptica.com","loveNonce":"668f895518"}; /* ]]> */ </script><script type="text/javascript" id="nectar-frontend-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var nectarLove = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/synaptica.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","postID":"4977","rooturl":"https:\/\/synaptica.com","disqusComments":"false","loveNonce":"668f895518","mapApiKey":""}; var nectarOptions = {"delay_js":"1","smooth_scroll":"false","quick_search":"false","react_compat":"disabled","header_entrance":"false","body_border_func":"default","body_border_mobile":"0","dropdown_hover_intent":"default","simplify_ocm_mobile":"0","mobile_header_format":"default","ocm_btn_position":"default","left_header_dropdown_func":"default","ajax_add_to_cart":"0","ocm_remove_ext_menu_items":"remove_images","woo_product_filter_toggle":"0","woo_sidebar_toggles":"true","woo_sticky_sidebar":"0","woo_minimal_product_hover":"default","woo_minimal_product_effect":"default","woo_related_upsell_carousel":"false","woo_product_variable_select":"default","woo_using_cart_addons":"false","view_transitions_effect":""}; var nectar_front_i18n = {"menu":"Menu","next":"Next","previous":"Previous","close":"Close"}; /* ]]> */ </script><script type='text/javascript' src='https://synaptica.com/_jb_static/??-eJylkk1OxDAMhW/DijbqdGCmixEX4BJu4mld8kecUPX2JCAQVCwgLG2/7/lJtlh9I52NaKPwOk1kWTBoynXDThJosew77cK34gsXZzT4KSr6MZFWuU9BNR5C3MTynDBsLQKTnVpD9h8mxiXGdUbUfzHygVyguNUsjgEsU6zNvcLmHdnINTAZmJAfHShUtQFm94KB3vS1FjmFpSvJGhYsGaxdzMljuBLPv4XJ5kvttPvXli5gIb4d2SU580q+PipqlPHwE/4RYHJu0tjkZ8LmiaJQxFEAM0Yunu/jMs3DAnNJa5zCplf3x+FOSQQc5eE8Sgl93vJgLt2p74bz6dgNN3K8dK9qdm+x'></script><script type="text/javascript" id="wd-asl-ajaxsearchlite-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window.ASL = typeof window.ASL !== 'undefined' ? window.ASL : {}; window.ASL.wp_rocket_exception = "DOMContentLoaded"; window.ASL.ajaxurl = "https:\/\/synaptica.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"; window.ASL.backend_ajaxurl = "https:\/\/synaptica.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"; window.ASL.js_scope = "jQuery"; window.ASL.asl_url = "https:\/\/synaptica.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/ajax-search-lite\/"; window.ASL.detect_ajax = 1; window.ASL.media_query = 4766; window.ASL.version = 4766; window.ASL.pageHTML = ""; window.ASL.additional_scripts = [{"handle":"wd-asl-ajaxsearchlite","src":"https:\/\/synaptica.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/ajax-search-lite\/js\/min\/plugin\/optimized\/asl-prereq.js","prereq":[]},{"handle":"wd-asl-ajaxsearchlite-core","src":"https:\/\/synaptica.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/ajax-search-lite\/js\/min\/plugin\/optimized\/asl-core.js","prereq":[]},{"handle":"wd-asl-ajaxsearchlite-vertical","src":"https:\/\/synaptica.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/ajax-search-lite\/js\/min\/plugin\/optimized\/asl-results-vertical.js","prereq":["wd-asl-ajaxsearchlite"]},{"handle":"wd-asl-ajaxsearchlite-autocomplete","src":"https:\/\/synaptica.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/ajax-search-lite\/js\/min\/plugin\/optimized\/asl-autocomplete.js","prereq":["wd-asl-ajaxsearchlite"]},{"handle":"wd-asl-ajaxsearchlite-load","src":"https:\/\/synaptica.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/ajax-search-lite\/js\/min\/plugin\/optimized\/asl-load.js","prereq":["wd-asl-ajaxsearchlite-autocomplete"]}]; window.ASL.script_async_load = false; window.ASL.init_only_in_viewport = true; window.ASL.font_url = "https:\/\/synaptica.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/ajax-search-lite\/css\/fonts\/icons2.woff2"; window.ASL.css_async = false; window.ASL.highlight = {"enabled":false,"data":[]}; window.ASL.analytics = {"method":0,"tracking_id":"","string":"?ajax_search={asl_term}","event":{"focus":{"active":1,"action":"focus","category":"ASL","label":"Input focus","value":"1"},"search_start":{"active":0,"action":"search_start","category":"ASL","label":"Phrase: {phrase}","value":"1"},"search_end":{"active":1,"action":"search_end","category":"ASL","label":"{phrase} | {results_count}","value":"1"},"magnifier":{"active":1,"action":"magnifier","category":"ASL","label":"Magnifier clicked","value":"1"},"return":{"active":1,"action":"return","category":"ASL","label":"Return button pressed","value":"1"},"facet_change":{"active":0,"action":"facet_change","category":"ASL","label":"{option_label} | {option_value}","value":"1"},"result_click":{"active":1,"action":"result_click","category":"ASL","label":"{result_title} | {result_url}","value":"1"}}}; window.ASL_INSTANCES = [];window.ASL_INSTANCES[1] = {"homeurl":"https:\/\/synaptica.com\/","resultstype":"vertical","resultsposition":"hover","itemscount":4,"charcount":0,"highlight":0,"highlightwholewords":1,"singleHighlight":0,"scrollToResults":{"enabled":0,"offset":0},"resultareaclickable":1,"autocomplete":{"enabled":1,"lang":"en","trigger_charcount":0},"mobile":{"menu_selector":"#menu-toggle"},"trigger":{"click":"results_page","click_location":"same","update_href":0,"return":"results_page","return_location":"same","facet":1,"type":1,"redirect_url":"?s={phrase}","delay":300},"animations":{"pc":{"settings":{"anim":"fadedrop","dur":300},"results":{"anim":"fadedrop","dur":300},"items":"voidanim"},"mob":{"settings":{"anim":"fadedrop","dur":300},"results":{"anim":"fadedrop","dur":300},"items":"voidanim"}},"autop":{"state":"disabled","phrase":"","count":1},"resPage":{"useAjax":0,"selector":"#main","trigger_type":1,"trigger_facet":1,"trigger_magnifier":0,"trigger_return":0},"resultsSnapTo":"left","results":{"width":"auto","width_tablet":"auto","width_phone":"auto"},"settingsimagepos":"right","closeOnDocClick":1,"overridewpdefault":0,"override_method":"get"}; /* ]]> */ </script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://synaptica.com/wp-content/plugins/ajax-search-lite/js/min/plugin/optimized/asl-prereq.js?ver=4766" id="wd-asl-ajaxsearchlite-js"></script><script type='text/javascript' src='https://synaptica.com/_jb_static/??-eJytzksOwjAMRdHdMCKYVojCoGItJrXAkfNR7FDE6umAHZDx0z16sBbnczJKBkXag5MCBnw7Jaz+6YSNIChETr8dcjGO/KEFUGWLKx2C7uFfqJI2MXUvqsYepQuKzbLPsQhZn5eScekCrRVLobpZtzgP03i9TMfzeNr5+zx8Ab/Dlz4='></script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://stats.wp.com/e-202448.js" id="jetpack-stats-js" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script><script type="text/javascript" id="jetpack-stats-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ _stq = window._stq || []; _stq.push([ "view", JSON.parse("{\"v\":\"ext\",\"blog\":\"63146752\",\"post\":\"4977\",\"tz\":\"-7\",\"srv\":\"synaptica.com\",\"j\":\"1:14.0\"}") ]); _stq.push([ "clickTrackerInit", "63146752", "4977" ]); /* ]]> */ </script><script type="text/javascript" id="wp-consent-api-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var consent_api = {"consent_type":"","waitfor_consent_hook":"","cookie_expiration":"30","cookie_prefix":"wp_consent"}; /* ]]> */ </script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://synaptica.com/wp-content/plugins/wp-consent-api/assets/js/wp-consent-api.min.js?ver=1.0.7" id="wp-consent-api-js"></script><script type='text/javascript' src='https://synaptica.com/_jb_static/??/wp-content/plugins/js_composer_salient/assets/js/dist/js_composer_front.min.js,/wp-content/themes/salient/js/build/nectar-delay-javascript.js?m=1726847622&cb=1'></script><script></script></body> </html>