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Glossary | CSRC
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<button type="submit" id="glossary-search-submit" name="submit-btn" data-form-button="submit" class="btn">Search</button> <button type="reset" id="glossary-search-reset" name="reset-btn" data-form-button="reset" class="btn">Reset</button> </div> </form> </div> <div class="col-lg-9 col-md-8 col-sm-12 col-xs-12 col-xxs-12"> <h1>Glossary</h1> <div id="AlphaIndexDivTop" style="margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: center;"> <a id="alpha-top-a" href="/glossary?index=A">A</a> | <a id="alpha-top-b" href="/glossary?index=B">B</a> | <a id="alpha-top-c" href="/glossary?index=C">C</a> | <a id="alpha-top-d" href="/glossary?index=D">D</a> | <a id="alpha-top-e" href="/glossary?index=E">E</a> | <a id="alpha-top-f" href="/glossary?index=F">F</a> | <a id="alpha-top-g" href="/glossary?index=G">G</a> | <a id="alpha-top-h" href="/glossary?index=H">H</a> | <a id="alpha-top-i" href="/glossary?index=I">I</a> | <a id="alpha-top-j" href="/glossary?index=J">J</a> | <a id="alpha-top-k" href="/glossary?index=K">K</a> | <a id="alpha-top-l" href="/glossary?index=L">L</a> | <a id="alpha-top-m" href="/glossary?index=M">M</a> | <a id="alpha-top-n" href="/glossary?index=N">N</a> | <a id="alpha-top-o" href="/glossary?index=O">O</a> | <a id="alpha-top-p" href="/glossary?index=P">P</a> | <a id="alpha-top-q" href="/glossary?index=Q">Q</a> | <a id="alpha-top-r" href="/glossary?index=R">R</a> | <a id="alpha-top-s" href="/glossary?index=S">S</a> | <a id="alpha-top-t" href="/glossary?index=T">T</a> | <a id="alpha-top-u" href="/glossary?index=U">U</a> | <a id="alpha-top-v" href="/glossary?index=V">V</a> | <a id="alpha-top-w" href="/glossary?index=W">W</a> | <a id="alpha-top-x" href="/glossary?index=X">X</a> | <a id="alpha-top-y" href="/glossary?index=Y">Y</a> | <a id="alpha-top-z" href="/glossary?index=Z">Z</a> </div> <p><em>Glossary terms and definitions last updated: October 25, 2024</em></p> <p><b>This Glossary is an aggregation of terms and definitions</b> specified in NIST's cybersecurity and privacy standards, guidelines, and other technical publications, and in CNSSI 4009. <b>These should not be viewed as "official" or "preferred" definitions</b> for a particular subject area, sector, or industry, with the exception that some definitions are cited directly from U.S. laws, the Code of Federal Regulations, Presidential Directives, etc.</p> <p><b>Each term-definition pair must be understood within the context of its Source document, to which readers should refer</b>. Because of this, many terms have multiple, varying definitions that reflect the different contexts of various publications written at different times.</p> <ul> <li><b>Cite the source publication, not this website.</b> As our documents are published and withdrawn, the terminology on these web pages will change. <b>When citing terms and definitions</b>, we encourage you to <b>cite the source publication</b> for the authoritative terminology and to understand it in its proper context. Many terms on this website have different definitions, from multiple publications.</li> <li><b>Inclusive language.</b> Some existing NIST publications may contain potentially biased or confusing terminology. As we develop and revise publications, we follow NIST's <a href="https://www.nist.gov/nist-research-library/nist-technical-series-publications-author-instructions#inclusive">inclusive language guidance</a>.</li> <li><b>Public input.</b> We invite public comments—including terminology suggestions—on our <a href="https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/drafts-open-for-comment">draft publications</a> and welcome your contributions.</li> <li><b>Artificial Intelligence (AI) terminology.</b> For AI-focused terminology, see the <a href="https://airc.nist.gov/AI_RMF_Knowledge_Base/Glossary" target="_blank">Glossary</a> available from the <a href="https://airc.nist.gov/home" target="_blank">NIST Trustworthy & Responsible AI Resource Center</a>.</li> </ul> <div class="alert alert-info" role="alert"> <p>For more background about this Glossary, see <a href="https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/detail/nistir/7298/rev-3/final">NISTIR 7298 Rev. 3</a>.<br /> Download the Glossary in <a 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class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-204" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advanced_encryption_standard_counter_with_cbc_mac" id="term-link-204">Advanced Encryption Standard鈥揅ounter with CBC-MAC</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-205" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advanced_encryption_standard_extended_cipher_block_chaining" id="term-link-205">Advanced Encryption Standard-eXtended Cipher Block Chaining</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-206" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advanced_encryption_standard_galois_counter_mode" id="term-link-206">Advanced Encryption Standard-Galois Counter Mode</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-207" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advanced_encryption_standard_galois_message_authentication_code" id="term-link-207">Advanced Encryption Standard-Galois Message Authentication Code</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-208" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advanced_key_processor" id="term-link-208">advanced key processor</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-209" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advanced_malware_protection" id="term-link-209">Advanced Malware Protection</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-210" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advanced_multi_layered_unification_filesystem" id="term-link-210">Advanced Multi-Layered Unification Filesystem</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-211" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advanced_network_technologies_division" id="term-link-211">Advanced Network Technologies Division</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-212" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advanced_persistent_threat" id="term-link-212">advanced persistent threat</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-213" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advanced_persistent_threats" id="term-link-213">Advanced Persistent Threats</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-214" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/risc_machine" id="term-link-214">Advanced Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) Machine</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-215" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advanced_research_project_agency" id="term-link-215">Advanced Research Project Agency</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-216" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advanced_risc_machines" id="term-link-216">Advanced RISC Machines</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-217" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advanced_satellite_multimedia_systems_conference" id="term-link-217">Advanced Satellite Multimedia Systems Conference</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-218" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advanced_technology_academic_research_center" id="term-link-218">Advanced Technology Academic Research Center</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-219" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advanced_technology_attachment" id="term-link-219">Advanced Technology Attachment</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-220" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advanced_threat_protection" id="term-link-220">Advanced Threat Protection</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-221" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advanced_threat_protection_network" id="term-link-221">Advanced Threat Protection: Network</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-222" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advancement_of_medical_instrumentation" id="term-link-222">Advancement of Medical Instrumentation</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-223" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/adversarial_machine_learning" id="term-link-223">Adversarial Machine Learning</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-224" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/adversarial_tactics_techniques_and_common_knowledge" id="term-link-224">Adversarial Tactics, Techniques & Common Knowledge</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-225" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/adversary" id="term-link-225">adversary</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-226" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/adverse_consequence" id="term-link-226">adverse consequence</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-227" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/adversity" id="term-link-227">adversity</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-228" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/advisory" id="term-link-228">advisory</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-229" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/ae" id="term-link-229">AE</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-230" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/ae_title" id="term-link-230">AE Title</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-231" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/aead" id="term-link-231">AEAD</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-232" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/aes" id="term-link-232">AES</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-233" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/aes_key_wrap" id="term-link-233">AES Key Wrap</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-234" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/aes_key_wrap_with_padding" id="term-link-234">AES Key Wrap with Padding</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-235" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/aes_new_instructions" id="term-link-235">AES New Instructions</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-236" data-term-format="I"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/aes_k_input" id="term-link-236"><em>AES(k, input)</em></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-237" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/aes_cbc" id="term-link-237">AES-CBC</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-238" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/aes_ccm" id="term-link-238">AES-CCM</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-239" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/aes_cmac" id="term-link-239">AES-CMAC</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-240" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/aes_ctr" id="term-link-240">AES-CTR</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-241" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/aes_gcm" id="term-link-241">AES-GCM</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-242" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/aes_gmac" id="term-link-242">AES-GMAC</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-243" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/aes_ni" id="term-link-243">AES-NI</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-244" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/aes_xcbc" id="term-link-244">AES-XCBC</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-245" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/af" id="term-link-245">AF</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-246" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/affine_transformation" id="term-link-246">Affine Transformation</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-247" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/afpm" id="term-link-247">AFPM</a> </div> 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term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/aga" id="term-link-252">AGA</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-253" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/agency" id="term-link-253">agency</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-254" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/agency_dashboard" id="term-link-254">Agency Dashboard</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-255" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/agency_financial_report" id="term-link-255">Agency Financial Report</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="term-list-item" id="term-list-item-256" data-term-format=""> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12 term-list-title"> <a href="/glossary/term/agency_for_healthcare_research_and_quality" 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