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><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ana menü</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ana menü</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Gezinti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Anasayfa" title="Anasayfayı ziyaret et [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Anasayfa</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikikitap:Topluluk_portali" title="Proje hakkında, neler yapabilirsiniz, ne nerededir"><span>Topluluk portali</span></a></li><li id="n-Köy-çeşmesi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikikitap:K%C3%B6y_%C3%A7e%C5%9Fmesi"><span>Köy çeşmesi</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:SonDe%C4%9Fi%C5%9Fiklikler" title="Vikide yapılmış son değişikliklerin listesi [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Son değişiklikler</span></a></li><li id="n-Deneme-tahtası" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikikitap:Deneme_tahtas%C4%B1"><span>Deneme tahtası</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Rastgele" title="Rastgele bir sayfaya gidin [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Rastgele sayfa</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:%C4%B0%C3%A7indekiler" title="Yardım almak için"><span>Yardım</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-kitaplıklar" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-kitaplıklar" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> kitaplıklar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Bilgisayar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kitapl%C4%B1k:Bilgisayar"><span>Bilgisayar</span></a></li><li id="n-Dil" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kitapl%C4%B1k:Dil"><span>Dil</span></a></li><li id="n-Hobiler" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kitapl%C4%B1k:Hobiler"><span>Hobiler</span></a></li><li id="n-Sağlık" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kitapl%C4%B1k:Sa%C4%9Fl%C4%B1k"><span>Sağlık</span></a></li><li id="n-Sanat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kitapl%C4%B1k:Sanat"><span>Sanat</span></a></li><li id="n-Yemek" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Yemek:%C4%B0%C3%A7indekiler"><span>Yemek</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Anasayfa" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikibooks.svg" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Vikikitap" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikibooks-wordmark-tr.svg" style="width: 5.9375em; height: 1.0625em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Özgür kütüphane" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikibooks-tagline-tr.svg" width="121" height="10" style="width: 7.5625em; height: 0.625em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Ara" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Vikikitap üzerinde ara [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Ara</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Vikikitap üzerinde ara" aria-label="Vikikitap üzerinde ara" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Vikikitap üzerinde ara [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Özel:Ara"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Ara</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Kişisel araçlar"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Sayfanın yazı tipi boyutunun, genişliğinin ve renginin görünümünü değiştirin" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Görünüm" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Görünüm</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=tr" class=""><span>Bağış yap</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:HesapOlu%C5%9Ftur&returnto=T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" title="Bir hesap oluşturup oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir ancak bu zorunlu değildir" class=""><span>Hesap oluştur</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kullan%C4%B1c%C4%B1OturumuA%C3%A7ma&returnto=T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" title="Oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir; ancak bu zorunlu değildir [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Oturum aç</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Daha fazla seçenek" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Kişisel araçlar" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Kişisel araçlar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Kullanıcı menüsü" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=tr"><span>Bağış yap</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:HesapOlu%C5%9Ftur&returnto=T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" title="Bir hesap oluşturup oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir ancak bu zorunlu değildir"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Hesap oluştur</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kullan%C4%B1c%C4%B1OturumuA%C3%A7ma&returnto=T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" title="Oturum açmanız tavsiye edilmektedir; ancak bu zorunlu değildir [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Oturum aç</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Çıkış yapmış editörler için sayfalar <a href="/wiki/Yard%C4%B1m:Giri%C5%9F" aria-label="Değişiklik yapma hakkında daha fazla bilgi edinin"><span>daha fazla bilgi</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Katk%C4%B1lar%C4%B1m" title="Bu IP adresinden yapılmış değişiklikler listesi [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Katkılar</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:MesajSayfam" title="Bu IP adresindeki düzenlemeler hakkında tartışma [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Mesaj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="İçindekiler" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">İçindekiler</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Giriş</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-İçindekiler_Sayfası" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#İçindekiler_Sayfası"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>İçindekiler Sayfası</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-İçindekiler_Sayfası-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="İçindekiler" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">İçindekiler tablosunu değiştir</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Türkçe</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Başka bir dildeki sayfaya gidin. 15 dilde mevcut" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 dil</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikibooks.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk_dili" title="Türk dili - Azerbaycan dili" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Türk dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaycan dili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Речник на турските думи в българския език - Bulgarca" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Речник на турските думи в българския език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikibooks.org/wiki/Ture%C4%8Dtina" title="Turečtina - Çekçe" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Turečtina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Çekçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikibooks.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrkisch" title="Türkisch - Almanca" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Türkisch" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Turkish" title="Turkish - İngilizce" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Turkish" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="İngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikibooks.org/wiki/Turco" title="Turco - İspanyolca" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Turco" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="İspanyolca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%AA" title="טורקית - İbranice" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טורקית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="İbranice" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikibooks.org/wiki/Turski_jezik" title="Turski jezik - Hırvatça" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Turski jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hırvatça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikibooks.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B3%E8%AA%9E" title="トルコ語 - Japonca" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="トルコ語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japonca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikibooks.org/wiki/T%C3%B6rks" title="Törks - Limburgca" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Törks" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikibooks.org/wiki/Turks" title="Turks - Felemenkçe" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Turks" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Felemenkçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Турецкий язык - Rusça" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Турецкий язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D3%A3" title="Забони туркӣ - Tacikçe" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Забони туркӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tacikçe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikibooks.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Турецька мова - Ukraynaca" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Турецька мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraynaca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikibooks.org/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E8%AF%AD" title="土耳其语 - Çince" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="土耳其语" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Çince" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q256#sitelinks-wikibooks" title="Dillerarası bağlantıları değiştir" class="wbc-editpage">Bağlantıları değiştir</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ad alanları"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" title="İçerik sayfasını göster [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Kitap</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Tart%C4%B1%C5%9Fma:T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" rel="discussion" title="İçerik ile ilgili tartışma [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Tartışma</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Dil varyantını değiştir" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Türkçe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Görüntülenme"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e"><span>Oku</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e&action=edit" title="Bu sayfayı düzenle [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e&action=history" title="Bu sayfanın geçmiş sürümleri [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Geçmişi gör</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa araçları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Araçlar" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Araçlar</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Araçlar</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Daha fazla seçenek" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Eylemler </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e"><span>Oku</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e&action=edit" title="Bu sayfayı düzenle [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Değiştir</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e&action=history"><span>Geçmişi gör</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Genel </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:SayfayaBa%C4%9Flant%C4%B1lar/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" title="Bu sayfaya bağlantı vermiş tüm viki sayfalarının listesi [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sayfaya bağlantılar</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:%C4%B0lgiliDe%C4%9Fi%C5%9Fiklikler/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" rel="nofollow" title="Bu sayfadan bağlantı verilen sayfalardaki son değişiklikler [k]" accesskey="k"><span>İlgili değişiklikler</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=tr" title="Dosya yükle [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Dosya yükle</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:%C3%96zelSayfalar" title="Tüm özel sayfaların listesi [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Özel sayfalar</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e&oldid=55718" title="Bu sayfanın bu revizyonuna kalıcı bağlantı"><span>Kalıcı bağlantı</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e&action=info" title="Bu sayfa hakkında daha fazla bilgi"><span>Sayfa bilgisi</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:KaynakG%C3%B6ster&page=T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e&id=55718&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Bu sayfadan nasıl kaynak göstereceği hakkında bilgi"><span>Bu sayfayı kaynak göster</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftr.wikibooks.org%2Fwiki%2FT%25C3%25BCrk%25C3%25A7e"><span>Kısaltılmış URL'yi al</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ftr.wikibooks.org%2Fwiki%2FT%25C3%25BCrk%25C3%25A7e"><span>Karekodu indir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Yazdır/dışa aktar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:Kitap&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e"><span>Bir kitap oluştur</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96zel:DownloadAsPdf&page=T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF olarak indir</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e&printable=yes" title="Bu sayfanın basılmaya uygun sürümü [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Yazdırılabilir sürüm</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Diğer projelerde </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Turkish_language" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikipedia mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" hreflang="tr"><span>Vikipedi</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikiquote.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" hreflang="tr"><span>Vikisöz</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q256" title="Veri havuzundaki ilgili ögeye bağlantı [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Vikiveri ögesi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa araçları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Görünüm</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">gizle</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Vikikitap, özgür kütüphane</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tr" dir="ltr"><div> <small> <b><</b> <a href="/wiki/Kitapl%C4%B1k:Dil" title="Kitaplık:Dil">Kitaplık:Dil</a> </small> </div> <big><div style="text-align:center;"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="İçindekiler_Sayfası"><span id=".C4.B0.C3.A7indekiler_Sayfas.C4.B1"></span><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e/%C4%B0%C3%A7indekiler" title="Türkçe/İçindekiler">İçindekiler Sayfası</a></h3></div></div></big> <table cellspacing="15" style="margin: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e-ho%C5%9Fgeldiniz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e-ho%C5%9Fgeldiniz.jpg" decoding="async" width="717" height="462" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="717" data-file-height="462" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="noprint" style="clear:right;float:right;margin:1em 0 1em 1em;width:250px;border:solid #aaaaaa 1px;background:#f9f9f9;padding:4px;font-size:90%;text-align:left;"> <p>Konuyla ilgili diğer <a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia" class="extiw" title="w:Wikimedia">Wikimedia</a> sayfaları : </p> <div style="clear:left;padding:1px"> <div style="float:left;margin:1px"><div style="position:relative;width:25px;height:34px;z-index:2;overflow:hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/38px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span><div class="nodeco" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;padding-top:3px;z-index:3;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Turkish_language" class="extiw" title="commons:Turkish language"><span style="float:left;width:25px;height:34px;font-size:34px;line-height:34px;word-spacing:25px;cursor:hand;">   </span></a></div></div></div> <p><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Turkish_language?uselang=tr"><b>Commons</b></a></span>'da <b>Türkçe</b> ile ilgili çoklu ortam dosyaları bulunmaktadır. </p> </div><div style="clear:left;padding:1px"> <div style="float:left;margin:1px"><div style="position:relative;width:25px;height:25px;z-index:2;overflow:hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Wiktionary-logo-tr.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Wiktionary-logo-tr.png/25px-Wiktionary-logo-tr.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Wiktionary-logo-tr.png/38px-Wiktionary-logo-tr.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Wiktionary-logo-tr.png/50px-Wiktionary-logo-tr.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="474" /></a></span><div class="nodeco" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;padding-top:3px;z-index:3;"><a href="https://tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" class="extiw" title="wikt:Türkçe"><span style="float:left;width:25px;height:25px;font-size:25px;line-height:25px;word-spacing:25px;cursor:hand;">   </span></a></div></div></div> <p><b><a href="https://tr.wiktionary.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" class="extiw" title="wikt:Türkçe">VikiSözlük</a></b>'te <b>Türkçe</b> ile ilgili kelime açıklaması bulunmaktadır. </p> </div><div style="clear:left;padding:1px"> <div style="float:left;margin:1px"><div style="position:relative;width:25px;height:25px;z-index:2;overflow:hidden;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosya:Wikipedia-logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Wikipedia-logo.png/25px-Wikipedia-logo.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Wikipedia-logo.png/38px-Wikipedia-logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Wikipedia-logo.png/50px-Wikipedia-logo.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span><div class="nodeco" style="position:absolute;top:0;left:0;padding-top:3px;z-index:3;"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" class="extiw" title="w:Türkçe"><span style="float:left;width:25px;height:25px;font-size:25px;line-height:25px;word-spacing:25px;cursor:hand;">   </span></a></div></div></div> <p><b><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" class="extiw" title="w:Türkçe">Vikipedi</a></b>'de <b>Türkçe</b> ile ilgili ansiklopedik bilgi bulunmaktadır. </p> </div></div> <p><br /> Türkçe; Türkiye, Güneydoğu Avrupa, Kafkasya, Batı Asya, Orta ve Doğu Asya ve Kıbrıs çevresinde konuşulan bir Türk dili. Tarihi Orhun vadisindeki yazıtlara dayanmakta olan "Türkçe" dili resmi dil olarak ilk 13 Mayıs 1277 yılında Karamanoğlu Mehmet Bey'in fermanıyla kabul edilmiştir. Türkçe'de bilinen en eski sözlük Dîvânü Lugati't Türk'tür. </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://tr.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Türkçe&oldid=55718">https://tr.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Türkçe&oldid=55718</a>" sayfasından alınmıştır</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%C3%96zel:Kategoriler" title="Özel:Kategoriler">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:T%C3%BCrk%C3%A7e" title="Kategori:Türkçe">Türkçe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:T%C3%BCrk_dilleri" title="Kategori:Türk dilleri">Türk dilleri</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Dil_kitaplar%C4%B1" title="Kategori:Dil kitapları">Dil kitapları</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Gizli kategori: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Alfabetik/T" title="Kategori:Alfabetik/T">Alfabetik/T</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sayfa en son 19.32, 23 Eylül 2023 tarihinde değiştirildi.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Metin <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.tr">Creative Commons Atıf-BenzerPaylaşım Lisansı</a> altındadır ve ek koşullar uygulanabilir. 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