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class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Voorkoms" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Voorkoms</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af" class=""><span>Skenkings</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie." class=""><span>Skep gebruiker</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Definisies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definisies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Definisies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definisies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geskiedenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geskiedenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geskiedenis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geskiedenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reïnkarnasie_in_die_Weste" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reïnkarnasie_in_die_Weste"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Reïnkarnasie in die Weste</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reïnkarnasie_in_die_Weste-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Reïnkarnasie</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 96 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-96" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">96 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiedergeburt" title="Wiedergeburt – Switserse Duits" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Wiedergeburt" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Switserse Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reencarnaci%C3%B3n" title="Reencarnación – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Reencarnación" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AE_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD" title="تناسخ الأرواح – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تناسخ الأرواح" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reencarnaci%C3%B3n" title="Reencarnación – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Reencarnación" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnasiya" title="Reinkarnasiya – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Reinkarnasiya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Реинкарнация – Baskir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Реинкарнация" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baskir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnac%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Reinkarnacėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Reinkarnacėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Рэінкарнацыя – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рэінкарнацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Рэінкарнацыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рэінкарнацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Прераждане – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Прераждане" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE" title="পুনর্জন্ম – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পুনর্জন্ম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%94%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%95%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B" title="སྐྱེ་བ་སྔ་ཕྱི་ – Tibettaans" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྐྱེ་བ་སྔ་ཕྱི་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibettaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adkemer_korf" title="Adkemer korf – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Adkemer korf" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnacija" title="Reinkarnacija – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Reinkarnacija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reencarnaci%C3%B3" title="Reencarnació – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Reencarnació" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnace" title="Reinkarnace – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Reinkarnace" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnation" title="Reinkarnation – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Reinkarnation" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnation" title="Reinkarnation – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Reinkarnation" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%87%DE%A7%DE%8C%DE%A6%DE%89%DE%A7%DE%8D%DE%A6" title="އާތަމާލަ – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="އާތަމާލަ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%83%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BA%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Μετενσάρκωση – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μετενσάρκωση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reincarnation" title="Reincarnation – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Reincarnation" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reenkarni%C4%9Do" title="Reenkarniĝo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Reenkarniĝo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reencarnaci%C3%B3n" title="Reencarnación – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Reencarnación" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnatsioon" title="Reinkarnatsioon – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Reinkarnatsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haragitze" title="Haragitze – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Haragitze" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AE" title="تناسخ – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تناسخ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%A4lleensyntyminen" title="Jälleensyntyminen – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jälleensyntyminen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnati%C3%B3n" title="Reinkarnatión – Faroëes" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Reinkarnatión" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroëes" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9incarnation" title="Réincarnation – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Réincarnation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reynkarnaasje" title="Reynkarnaasje – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Reynkarnaasje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reencarnaci%C3%B3n" title="Reencarnación – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Reencarnación" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91embohetejey" title="Ñembohetejey – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ñembohetejey" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="Avatar" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%AA" title="גלגול נשמות – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גלגול נשמות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="पुनर्जन्म – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पुनर्जन्म" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punarjanam" title="Punarjanam – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Punarjanam" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnacija" title="Reinkarnacija – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Reinkarnacija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9lekv%C3%A1ndorl%C3%A1s" title="Lélekvándorlás – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lélekvándorlás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%A5%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A1_(%D5%BE%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4)" title="Ռեինկարնացիա (վերամարմնավորում) – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռեինկարնացիա (վերամարմնավորում)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reincarnation" title="Reincarnation – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Reincarnation" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnasi" title="Reinkarnasi – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Reinkarnasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BB%8Al%E1%BB%8D_%E1%BB%A5wa" title="Ịlọ ụwa – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ịlọ ụwa" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endurholdgun" title="Endurholdgun – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Endurholdgun" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reincarnazione" title="Reincarnazione – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Reincarnazione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BB%A2%E7%94%9F" title="転生 – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="転生" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="რეინკარნაცია – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რეინკარნაცია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%85%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8B%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%8A%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B7%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%92" title="ចាប់បដិសនិ្ធ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ចាប់បដិសនិ្ធ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE" title="ಪುನರ್ಜನ್ಮ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪುನರ್ಜನ್ಮ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%98%EC%83%9D" title="환생 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="환생" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reincarnatio" title="Reincarnatio – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Reincarnatio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnacija" title="Reinkarnacija – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Reinkarnacija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarn%C4%81cija" title="Reinkarnācija – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Reinkarnācija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Реинкарнацие – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Реинкарнацие" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Реинкарнација – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Реинкарнација" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%82" title="പുനർജന്മം – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പുനർജന്മം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="पुनर्जन्म – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पुनर्जन्म" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnasi" title="Reinkarnasi – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Reinkarnasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AE" title="تناسخ – Masanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="تناسخ" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Masanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnatschoon" title="Reinkarnatschoon – Nederduits" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Reinkarnatschoon" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nederduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="पुनर्जन्म – Nepalees" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पुनर्जन्म" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="पुनर्जन्म – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="पुनर्जन्म" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re%C3%AFncarnatie" title="Reïncarnatie – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Reïncarnatie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnasjon" title="Reinkarnasjon – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Reinkarnasjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnasjon" title="Reinkarnasjon – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Reinkarnasjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re%C3%AFncarnacion" title="Reïncarnacion – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Reïncarnacion" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnacja" title="Reinkarnacja – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Reinkarnacja" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reencarna%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Reencarnação – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Reencarnação" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Re%C3%AEncarnare" title="Reîncarnare – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Reîncarnare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Реинкарнация – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Реинкарнация" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Реінкарнація – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Реінкарнація" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="पुनर्जन्म – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="पुनर्जन्म" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%86%D8%B1_%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%85" title="پنر جنم – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="پنر جنم" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnacija" title="Reinkarnacija – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Reinkarnacija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA" title="පුනුරුප්පත්තිය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පුනුරුප්පත්තිය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reincarnation" title="Reincarnation – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Reincarnation" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarn%C3%A1cia" title="Reinkarnácia – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Reinkarnácia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnacija" title="Reinkarnacija – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Reinkarnacija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rimish%C3%ABrimi" title="Rimishërimi – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rimishërimi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Реинкарнација – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Реинкарнација" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sj%C3%A4lavandring" title="Själavandring – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Själavandring" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="மறுபிறப்பு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மறுபிறப்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE" title="పునర్జన్మ – Teloegoe" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పునర్జన్మ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Teloegoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D1%85" title="Таносух – Tadjiks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Таносух" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadjiks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94" title="การกลับชาติมาเกิด – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การกลับชาติมาเกิด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reengkarnasyon" title="Reengkarnasyon – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Reengkarnasyon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reenkarnasyon" title="Reenkarnasyon – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Reenkarnasyon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Реинкарнация – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Реинкарнация" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Реінкарнація – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Реінкарнація" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD" title="نقل ارواح – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نقل ارواح" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinkarnatsiya" title="Reinkarnatsiya – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Reinkarnatsiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A7u_thai" title="Đầu thai – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đầu thai" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retch%C3%A5rnaedje" title="Retchårnaedje – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Retchårnaedje" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BD%AC%E4%B8%96" title="转世 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="转世" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9C" title="גלגול – Jiddisj" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="גלגול" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BD%89%E4%B8%96" title="轉世 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" 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</div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Skakels_hierheen/Re%C3%AFnkarnasie" title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Re%C3%AFnkarnasie" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye" title="'n Lys van al die spesiale bladsye [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesiale bladsye</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie&oldid=2620017" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie&id=2620017&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys"><span>Haal dié blad aan</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FRe%25C3%25AFnkarnasie"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FRe%25C3%25AFnkarnasie"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Reincarnation" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q128593" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Gati_or_existences.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Gati_or_existences.jpg/180px-Gati_or_existences.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Gati_or_existences.jpg/270px-Gati_or_existences.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Gati_or_existences.jpg/360px-Gati_or_existences.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1180" data-file-height="1664" /></a><figcaption>Dié tekening wys hoe die siel na enige van die vier vlakke van die bestaan kan reis na gelang van sy <a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">karma</a>, volgens <a href="/wiki/Djainisme" title="Djainisme">Djainisme</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Reïnkarnasie</b> is die <a href="/wiki/Godsdiens" title="Godsdiens">godsdienstige</a> of <a href="/wiki/Filosofie" title="Filosofie">filosofiese</a> begrip dat die <a href="/wiki/Siel" title="Siel">siel</a> of <a href="/wiki/Gees" title="Gees">gees</a>, ná ’n <a href="/wiki/Biologie" title="Biologie">biologiese</a> dood, ’n nuwe lewe in ’n nuwe liggaam kan begin. Dié leerstelling is ’n sentrale begrip in <a href="/wiki/Hindoe%C3%AFsme" title="Hindoeïsme">Hindoeïsme</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dit is ook ’n algemene geloof in verskeie antieke en moderne godsdienste soos <a href="/wiki/Spiritisme" title="Spiritisme">Spiritisme</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teosofie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teosofie (bladsy bestaan nie)">Teosofie</a> en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eckankar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eckankar (bladsy bestaan nie)">Eckankar</a>, en word aangetref in die geloof van baie stamme oor die wêreld heen op plekke soos <a href="/wiki/Siberi%C3%AB" title="Siberië">Siberië</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wes-Afrika" title="Wes-Afrika">Wes-Afrika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Noord-Amerika" title="Noord-Amerika">Noord-Amerika</a> en <a href="/wiki/Australi%C3%AB" title="Australië">Australië</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hoewel die meeste gelowe, soos <a href="/wiki/Juda%C3%AFsme" title="Judaïsme">Judaïsme</a>, die <a href="/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom">Christendom</a> en <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, nie glo dat individue gereïnkarneer word nie, glo spesifieke groepe binne dié godsdienste wel in reïnkarnasie, soos <a href="/wiki/Kabbala" title="Kabbala">kabbala</a>-aanhangers, <a href="/wiki/Kathaar" title="Kathaar">Kathare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Droese" title="Droese">Droese</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> en die <a href="/wiki/Orde_van_die_Rosekruis" title="Orde van die Rosekruis">Orde van die Rosekruis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die historiese verwantskap tussen hierdie sektes en ander gelowe is die onderwerp van skolastiese navorsing.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In onlangse dekades het baie mense in ander dele van die wêreld begin belangstel in die idee van reïnkarnasie.<sup id="cite_ref-hi.is_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hi.is-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moderne <a href="/wiki/Rolprent" title="Rolprent">rolprente</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boek" title="Boek">boeke</a> en liedjies verwys dikwels daarna. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definisies">Definisies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Definisies" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Definisies"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die woord "reïnkarnasie" is afgelei van <a href="/wiki/Latyn" title="Latyn">Latyn</a> en beteken letterlik "hertoetrede tot die vlees". Die <a href="/wiki/Grieks" title="Grieks">Griekse</a> weergawe, μετεμψύχωσις (<i>metempsigose</i>) beteken min of meer "oorgang van die siel" en dui dikwels op reïnkarnasie ná die dood<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as óf ’n mens óf ’n dier, hoewel klem gelê word op die voortbestaan van die siel, nie die liggaam nie. Nog ’n Griekse term wat dikwels as <a href="/wiki/Sinoniem" title="Sinoniem">sinoniem</a> gebruik word, is <i>palingenese</i>, "om herbore te word".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Dazu_Wheel_of_Reincarnation.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Dazu_Wheel_of_Reincarnation.JPG/180px-Dazu_Wheel_of_Reincarnation.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Dazu_Wheel_of_Reincarnation.JPG/270px-Dazu_Wheel_of_Reincarnation.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Dazu_Wheel_of_Reincarnation.JPG/360px-Dazu_Wheel_of_Reincarnation.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>In hierdie agt meter hoë reliëfwerk van tussen 1177 en 1249, hou <a href="/wiki/Mara_(demoon)" title="Mara (demoon)">Mara</a>, die god van die dood en begeertes, ’n reïnkarnasiewiel vas wat die Boeddhistiese siklus van reïnkarnasie uitstip.</figcaption></figure> <p>In die tradisionele tale <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> en <a href="/wiki/Pali" title="Pali">Pali</a> is daar nie ’n woord wat presies ooreenstem met die <a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaanse</a> woord "hergeboorte", "metempsigose", "transmigrasie" of "reïnkarnasie" nie. Die hele universele proses wat aanleiding gee tot die siklus van die dood en hergeboorte, wat deur <a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">karma</a> regeer word, word <a href="/wiki/Samsara" title="Samsara">samsara</a> genoem,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> terwyl die proses van geboorte of hergeboorte eenvoudig "geboorte" (<i><a href="/wiki/Jati" title="Jati">jati</a></i>) genoem word. Ook gode kan doodgaan en weer lewe.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hier is die term "reïnkarnasie" nie streng van toepassing nie. Baie Christene beskou <a href="/wiki/Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> as ’n goddelike inkarnasie. Sommige Christene en <a href="/wiki/Moslem" title="Moslem">Moslems</a> glo Hy en sommige profete kan weer geïnkarneer word. Die meeste Christene glo Jesus sal terugkeer met die <a href="/wiki/Wederkoms" title="Wederkoms">Wederkoms</a>, hoewel dit nie ’n reïnkarnasie is nie. </p><p>’n Filosofiese en godsdienstige geloof oor die bestaan of niebestaan van ’n onveranderlike "self" het ’n regstreekse invloed op hoe reïnkarnasie in ’n gegewe tradisie beskou word. Die <a href="/wiki/Gautama_Boeddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Gautama Boeddha">Boeddha</a> het in ’n tyd van groot filosofiese kreatiwiteit in <a href="/wiki/Indi%C3%AB" title="Indië">Indië</a> gewoon toe baie beskouings van die aard van die lewe en die dood voorgestel is. Sommige was materialisties en het beweer daar is geen bestaan nie en dat die self met die dood vernietig word. Ander het geglo in ’n soort siklusbestaan, waar ’n wese gebore word, lewe, doodgaan en dan herbore word, maar in die konteks van ’n soort <a href="/w/index.php?title=Determinisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Determinisme (bladsy bestaan nie)">determinisme</a> of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fatalisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fatalisme (bladsy bestaan nie)">fatalisme</a> waarin karma geen rol speel nie. Ander het geglo in ’n ewig bestaande self of siel soos dié in Judaïese <a href="/wiki/Monote%C3%AFsme" title="Monoteïsme">monoteïsme</a>: die <i>atman</i> in Hindoeïsme oorleef die dood en word as ’n ander lewende wese gereïnkarneer na gelang van sy karma. Dit is die idee wat (met sekere aanpassings) in moderne Hindoeïsme oorheers. </p><p>Die <a href="/wiki/Boeddhisme" title="Boeddhisme">Boeddhistiese</a> begrip van reïnkarnasie verskil van ander in die sin dat daar geen ewige "siel", "gees" of "self" is nie, maar net ’n "stroom van bewustheid" wat lewens verbind. Die eintlike proses van verandering van een lewe in die volgende word <i>punarbhava</i> (Sanskrit) or <i>punabbhava</i> (Pali) genoem, dus letterlik "om weer te word". Die term "hergeboorte" word verkies omdat "reïnkarnasie" vir hulle beteken ’n vaste entiteit wat herbore word.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Djainisme en Boeddhisme sowel as ’n paar skole van Hindoeïsme stel ’n hergeboorte in baie wêrelde en in ’n verskeidenheid vorme voor. In Boeddhisme is daar vyf of ses vlakke waarin die proses plaasvind,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> onder meer die mens, dier en verskeie soorte bonatuurlike wesens. In Tibettaanse Boeddhisme word geglo dit is baie seldsaam dat ’n mens direk ná sy dood weer as ’n mens herbore word.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geskiedenis">Geskiedenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Geskiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Geskiedenis"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die oorsprong van die begrip reïnkarnasie is onduidelik.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die onderwerp is bespreek in die filosofiese tradisies van Indië (onder meer die <a href="/wiki/Indus" title="Indus">Indusvallei</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die <a href="/wiki/Griekeland" title="Griekeland">Grieke</a> voor <a href="/wiki/Sokrates" title="Sokrates">Sokrates</a> en die <a href="/wiki/Kelte" title="Kelte">Keltiese</a> <a href="/wiki/Dru%C3%AFdisme" title="Druïdisme">Druïdiste</a> het blykbaar ook ’n leerstelling van reïnkarnasie gehad.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Die idee kon apart in verskeie gebiede ontstaan het, of dit kon deur kulturele kontak versprei gewees het. In antieke Europese, Iranse en Indiese landbougemeenskappe is die lewensiklus van geboorte, dood en hergeboorte as ’n nabootsing van natuurlike landbousiklusse beskou.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Patrick Olivelle meen die oorsprong van die idee van die siklus van geboorte en die dood, van <a href="/wiki/Samsara" title="Samsara">samsara</a> en van bevryding in die Indiese tradisie was gedeeltelik die nie-<a href="/wiki/Vediese_religie" title="Vediese religie">Vediese</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shramana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shramana (bladsy bestaan nie)">Shramana</a>-tradisie.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nog ’n moontlikheid is die Dravidiese tradisies van Suid-Indië.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sommige geleerdes dink die idee het by die <a href="/wiki/Gautama_Boeddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Gautama Boeddha">Boeddha</a> ontstaan.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Hindoeïstiese tekste is verskeie verwysings na transmigrasie, hergeboorte (<i>punarjanma</i>) en herdood (<i>punarmrtyu</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:2161_-_Taormina_-_Badia_Vecchia_-_Sarcofago_romano_del_sec._II_d.C._-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto,_20-May-2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/2161_-_Taormina_-_Badia_Vecchia_-_Sarcofago_romano_del_sec._II_d.C._-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_20-May-2008.jpg/300px-2161_-_Taormina_-_Badia_Vecchia_-_Sarcofago_romano_del_sec._II_d.C._-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_20-May-2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/2161_-_Taormina_-_Badia_Vecchia_-_Sarcofago_romano_del_sec._II_d.C._-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_20-May-2008.jpg/450px-2161_-_Taormina_-_Badia_Vecchia_-_Sarcofago_romano_del_sec._II_d.C._-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_20-May-2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/2161_-_Taormina_-_Badia_Vecchia_-_Sarcofago_romano_del_sec._II_d.C._-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_20-May-2008.jpg/600px-2161_-_Taormina_-_Badia_Vecchia_-_Sarcofago_romano_del_sec._II_d.C._-_Foto_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto%2C_20-May-2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1224" /></a><figcaption>’n 2de-eeuse Romeinse sarkofaag wys die mitologie en simboliek van die Orpheus- en Dionysos-misterieskole. Orpheus speel links sy lire.</figcaption></figure> <p>Indiese besprekings van reïnkarnasie het van omstreeks die <a href="/wiki/6de_eeu_v.C." title="6de eeu v.C.">6de eeu v.C.</a> begin met die <a href="/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta" title="Advaita Vedanta">Advaita Vedanta</a>-tradisie, <a href="/wiki/Gautama_Boeddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Gautama Boeddha">Gautama Boeddha</a> (623 tot 543 v.C.)<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> en <a href="/wiki/Mahavira" title="Mahavira">Mahavira</a>, die 24ste <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tirthankara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tirthankara (bladsy bestaan nie)">Tirthankara</a> van Djainisme.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vroeë Griekse besprekings van die onderwerp dateer ook van die 6de eeu v.C. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pherecydes_van_Syros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pherecydes van Syros (bladsy bestaan nie)">Pherecydes van Syros</a> (540 v.C.)<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> het reïnkarnasie oordink, en sy jonger tydgenoot <a href="/wiki/Pythagoras" title="Pythagoras">Pythagoras</a> (omstreeks 570 tot 495 v.C.) het verenigings gestig vir die verspreiding daarvan. <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a> (428/427 tot 348/347 v.C.) het in sy werk vertel van reïnkarnasie. </p><p>Die <a href="/wiki/Orphisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphisme">Orphisme</a>, wat reïnkarnasie gepredik het, het in die 6de eeu v.C. vir die eerste keer opgang gemaak in <a href="/wiki/Bulgarye" title="Bulgarye">Bulgarye</a> en Griekeland. <a href="/wiki/Orpheus" class="mw-redirect" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a>, die legendariese stigter daarvan, het glo geleer die onsterflike siel probeer vryheid behaal, terwyl die liggaam dit gevange hou. Die wiel van geboorte draai, en die siel wissel tussen vryheid en gevangenskap. Volgens Orpheus was die genade van die gode, veral <a href="/wiki/Dionysos" class="mw-redirect" title="Dionysos">Dionysos</a>, en selfreiniging nodig vir die siel om vir ewig te kan lewe. </p><p>In Antieke <a href="/wiki/Romeinse_Ryk" title="Romeinse Ryk">Romeinse</a> letterkunde het <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ennius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ennius (bladsy bestaan nie)">Ennius</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> vertel hoe <a href="/wiki/Homeros" title="Homeros">Homeros</a> in ’n droom aan hom verskyn het en hom verseker het dieselfde siel wat in albei digters voorgekom het, het eers aan ’n pou behoort. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Virgilius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virgilius (bladsy bestaan nie)">Virgilius</a> gebruik die idee in sy weergawe van die Onderwêreld in die sesde boek van die <i><a href="/wiki/Aeneis" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeneis">Aeneis</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die idee kom ook voor by die laat klassieke denkers <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plotinus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plotinus (bladsy bestaan nie)">Plotinus</a> en die ander <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neoplatonist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neoplatonist (bladsy bestaan nie)">Neoplatoniste</a>. In die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermetika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermetika (bladsy bestaan nie)">Hermetika</a>, ’n Grieks-<a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egiptiese</a> reeks oor kosmologie en spiritualiteit wat aan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hermes_Trismegistus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hermes Trismegistus (bladsy bestaan nie)">Hermes Trismegistus</a>/<a href="/wiki/Thoth" title="Thoth">Thoth</a> toegeskryf word, is die leerstelling van reïnkarnasie sentraal. </p><p>In Grieks-Romeinse denkrigtings het die idee van metempsigose verdwyn met die opkoms van die <a href="/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom">Christendom</a> omdat reïnkarnasie onversoenbaar was met die Christelike leerstelling van redding van gelowiges ná die dood. Daar is bewyse dat vroeë Christene nog die moontlikheid van reïnkarnasie oorweeg het, maar daarna is dit veroordeel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reïnkarnasie_in_die_Weste"><span id="Re.C3.AFnkarnasie_in_die_Weste"></span>Reïnkarnasie in die Weste</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Reïnkarnasie in die Weste" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Reïnkarnasie in die Weste"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In onlangse dekades het baie mense in die Weste ’n belangstelling in reïnkarnasie ontwikkel.<sup id="cite_ref-hi.is_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hi.is-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rolprente soos <i>The Reincarnation of Peter Proud</i>, <i>Dead Again</i>, <i>Fluke</i>, <i>The Mummy</i> en ander, boeke deur skrywers soos Carol Bowman en Vicki Mackenzie en gewilde liedjies bevat idees daaroor. </p><p>Onlangse studies het getoon sommige mense in die Weste aanvaar die idee van reïnkarnasie,<sup id="cite_ref-hi.is_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hi.is-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> insluitende sekere Christene,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> moderne <a href="/wiki/Neopaganisme" title="Neopaganisme">Neopaganiste</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spiritiste&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spiritiste (bladsy bestaan nie)">Spiritiste</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teosofiste&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teosofiste (bladsy bestaan nie)">Teosofiste</a> en studente van esoteriese filosofieë soos <a href="/wiki/Kabbala" title="Kabbala">kabbala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gnostisisme" title="Gnostisisme">gnostisisme</a> en <a href="/wiki/Esoterie" title="Esoterie">esoterie</a> en van Indiese gelowe. Volgens data uit 1999–2002 glo ’n aansienlike minderheid van mense in <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a> en <a href="/wiki/Amerika" class="mw-redirect" title="Amerika">Amerika</a>, waar daar ’n redelike vryheid van denke en toegang tot idees is maar geen groot onlangse begrip van die tradisie van reïnkarnasie nie, dat ons ’n lewe gehad het voor ons geboorte, steeds sal leef ná ons dood en fisiek weer gebore sal word. Die gemiddeld vir die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordiese_lande&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nordiese lande (bladsy bestaan nie)">Nordiese lande</a> is 22%.<sup id="cite_ref-surv_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-surv-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dit is veral hoog in die <a href="/wiki/Baltiese_lande" title="Baltiese lande">Baltiese lande</a>, met 44% in <a href="/wiki/Litaue" title="Litaue">Litaue</a>. Die laagste persentasie, 12%, is in <a href="/wiki/Oos-Duitsland" class="mw-redirect" title="Oos-Duitsland">Oos-Duitsland</a>. </p><p>Die skeptikus <a href="/wiki/Carl_Sagan" title="Carl Sagan">Carl Sagan</a> het die <a href="/wiki/Dalai_Lama" title="Dalai Lama">Dalai Lama</a> gevra wat hy sou doen as die wetenskap sou bewys reïnkarnasie bestaan nie. Die Dalai Lama het geantwoord as die wetenskap kan bewys dit bestaan nie, sal die Tibettaanse Boeddhisme afsien van reïnkarnasie; dit sal egter baie moeilik wees om dit te bewys.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Volgens Ian Stevenson glo feitlik alle groot godsdienste behalwe die Christendom en Islam in verskillende mates in reïnkarnasie. Daarby glo nog 20% tot 30% van mense in die Weste wat in naam Christene is, ook daarin.<sup id="cite_ref-jh_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jh-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ná ’n studie in 1999 deur Walter en Waterhouse oor die geloof in reïnkarnasie<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> het Waterhouse ’n gedetailleerde bespreking van die onderhoude gepubliseer.<sup id="cite_ref-Waterhouse1999_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Waterhouse1999-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Volgens haar is die meeste mense se geloof in reïnkarnasie nie baie diep nie en is hulle vaag oor die besonderhede van dit waarin hulle glo. Ondervindings soos die onthou van vorige lewens en naby-dood-ervarings het die meeste van hulle beïnvloed, hoewel min dit self ondervind het. Die meeste het van ander se ervarings van vorige lewens deur middel van hipnose en drome gehoor, en is daardeur geboei. Hulle het gevoel "daar moet iets in steek" as ander mense sulke ondervindings het. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Daar word ook dikwels na die <a href="/wiki/Boeddhisme" title="Boeddhisme">Boeddhistiese</a> begrip hergeboorte verwys as reïnkarnasie. Sien Charles Taliaferro, Paul Draper, Philip L. Quinn, <i>A Companion to Philosophy of Religion</i>. John Wiley and Sons, 2010, bl. 640, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=SSCx-67Tk6cC&pg=PA640&dq=reincarnation+and+rebirth&cd=8#v=onepage&q=reincarnation%20and%20rebirth&f=false">Google Books</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gananath Obeyesekere, <i>Imagining Karma: Ethical Transformation in Amerindian, Buddhist, and Greek Rebirth</i>. University of California Press, 2002, bl. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hitti, Philip K (2007) [1924]. <i>Origins of the Druze People and Religion, with Extracts from their Sacred Writings (Nuwe Uitg.)</i>. Columbia University Oriental Studies. <b>28</b>. Londen: Saqi. ble. 13–14. <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0863566901" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-86356-690-1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Heindel, Max (1985) [1939, 1908] <i>The Rosicrucian Christianity Lectures (Collected Works)</i>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rosicrucian.com/rcl/rcleng01.htm#lecture1">The Riddle of Life and Death</a>. Oceanside, Kalifornië. 4de uitg. <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0911274847" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-911274-84-7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Soos <i>The Shape of Ancient Thought</i> deur Thomas McEvilley</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hi.is-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-hi.is_6-0">6,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-hi.is_6-1">6,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-hi.is_6-2">6,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="PDFlink"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hi.is/~erlendur/english/Nordic_Psychology_erlhar06.pdf">Popular psychology, belief in life after death and reincarnation in the Nordic countries, Western and Eastern Europe</a></span><span style="font-size:smaller;"><a href="/wiki/Portable_Document_Format" class="mw-redirect" title="Portable Document Format">PDF</a> (54.8 KB)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9063098/metempsychosis">"Encyclopædia Britannica"</a>. Concise.britannica.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">6 Desember</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pub=Concise.britannica.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fconcise.britannica.com%2Febc%2Farticle-9063098%2Fmetempsychosis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ARe%C3%AFnkarnasie" class="Z3988"></span><sup><i>[dooie skakel]</i></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110419232238/http://hinduism.iskcon.com/concepts/102.htm">"Heart of Hinduism: Reincarnation and Samsara"</a>. Hinduism.iskcon.com. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hinduism.iskcon.com/concepts/102.htm">die oorspronklike</a> op 19 April 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">6 Desember</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Heart+of+Hinduism%3A+Reincarnation+and+Samsara&rft.pub=Hinduism.iskcon.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhinduism.iskcon.com%2Fconcepts%2F102.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ARe%C3%AFnkarnasie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFBrodd2003" class="citation book cs1">Brodd, Jefferey (2003). <i>World Religions</i>. Winona, MN: Saint Mary's Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-88489-725-5" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-88489-725-5"><bdi>978-0-88489-725-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+Religions&rft.place=Winona%2C+MN&rft.pub=Saint+Mary%27s+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-88489-725-5&rft.aulast=Brodd&rft.aufirst=Jefferey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ARe%C3%AFnkarnasie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vedabase.net/tqk/18/en1">Teachings of Queen Kunti by A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami, Chapter 18</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080818012307/http://vedabase.net/tqk/18/en1">Geargiveer</a> 18 Augustus 2008 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> "To become Brahma is not a very easy thing.... But he is also a living entity like us."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://buddhism.about.com/od/karmaandrebirth/a/reincarnation.htm">"Reincarnation in Buddhism: What the Buddha Didn't Teach"</a><sup><i>[dooie skakel]</i></sup> deur Barbara O'Brien, About.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Transform Your Life</i>: A Blissful Journey, pages 52–55), Tharpa Publications (2001, VS-uitg. 2007) <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9780978906740" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-9789067-4-0</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.urbandharma.org/kusala/revkus/5precepts.html">"The Five Precepts"</a> (in Engels). Urbandharma.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190909074854/http://www.urbandharma.org/kusala/revkus/5precepts.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 9 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">6 Desember</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Five+Precepts&rft.pub=Urbandharma.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.urbandharma.org%2Fkusala%2Frevkus%2F5precepts.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ARe%C3%AFnkarnasie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFIrving_Steiger_Cooper1920" class="citation book cs1">Irving Steiger Cooper (1920). <i>Reincarnation: The Hope of the World</i>. Theosophical Society in America. p. 15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reincarnation%3A+The+Hope+of+the+World&rft.pages=15&rft.pub=Theosophical+Society+in+America&rft.date=1920&rft.au=Irving+Steiger+Cooper&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ARe%C3%AFnkarnasie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFChristopher_Chapple" class="citation book cs1">Christopher Chapple. <i>Nonviolence to Animals, Earth, and Self in Asian Traditions</i>. SUNY Press. p. 4.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nonviolence+to+Animals%2C+Earth%2C+and+Self+in+Asian+Traditions&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.au=Christopher+Chapple&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ARe%C3%AFnkarnasie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Diodorus Siculus v.28.6; Hippolytus <i>Philosophumena</i> i.25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ara, Mitra (2008). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=NQ12k9delf4C">Eschatology in the Indo-Iranian traditions: The Genesis and Transformation of a Doctrine</a></i>. Peter Lang Publishing Inc., New York, USA. <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/1433102501" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-4331-0250-1</a>. pp. 99–100.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Flood, Gavin. Olivelle, Patrick. 2003. <i>The Blackwell Companion to Hinduism.</i> Malden: Blackwell. pg. 273-4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gavin D. Flood, <i>An Introduction to Hinduism</i>, Cambridge University Press (1996), UK <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0521438780" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-43878-0</a> bl. 86</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Arvind Sharma's review of Hajime Nakamura's <i>A History of Early Vedanta Philosophy</i>, Philosophy East and West, Vol. 37, No. 3 (Jul., 1987), page 330.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFKrishnan,_Yuvraj1997" class="citation book cs1">Krishnan, Yuvraj (1997). <i>The Doctrine of Karma</i>. Delhi, IN: Motilal Barnasidass. p. 13. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/81-208-1233-6" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/81-208-1233-6"><bdi>81-208-1233-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Doctrine+of+Karma&rft.place=Delhi%2C+IN&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=Motilal+Barnasidass&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=81-208-1233-6&rft.au=Krishnan%2C+Yuvraj&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ARe%C3%AFnkarnasie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFR.D.Ranade" class="citation book cs1">R.D.Ranade. <i>Survey of Upanishadic Philosophy</i>. Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. p. 108.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Survey+of+Upanishadic+Philosophy&rft.place=Mumbai&rft.pages=108&rft.pub=Bharatiya+Vidya+Bhavan&rft.au=R.D.Ranade&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ARe%C3%AFnkarnasie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Paul Dundas, <i>The Jains</i>, 2de uitg., Routledge, 2001, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=5ialKAbIyV4C&pg=PA24">p. 24</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Karel Werner, <i>The Longhaired Sage</i> in <i>The Yogi and the Mystic</i>, Curzon Press, 1989, page 34. Wayman... traces them particularly in the older Upanishads, in early Buddhism, and in some later literature."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Schibli, S., Hermann, Pherekydes of Syros, p. 104, Oxford Univ. Press 2001</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Poesch, Jessie (1962) "Ennius and Basinio of Parma" <i>Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes</i> 25(1/2): pp. 116—118, page 117, FN15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Virgilius, <i>Die Aeneis</i>, vv. 724 et seq.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Tony Walter en Helen Waterhouse, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://socrel.oxfordjournals.org/content/60/2/187.full.pdf">A Very Private Belief: Reincarnation in Contemporary England</a>". <i>Sociology of Religion</i>, Vol. 60, 1999</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-surv-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-surv_29-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hi.is/~erlendur/english/Nordic_Psychology_erlhar06.pdf">"Popular psychology, belief in life after death and reincarnation in the Nordic countries, Western and Eastern Europe"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">6 Desember</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Popular+psychology%2C+belief+in+life+after+death+and+reincarnation+in+the+Nordic+countries%2C+Western+and+Eastern+Europe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hi.is%2F~erlendur%2Fenglish%2FNordic_Psychology_erlhar06.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ARe%C3%AFnkarnasie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-30">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">"The Boundaries of Knowledge in Buddhism, Christianity, and Science", by Paul David Numrich, p. 13, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/9783525569870" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-3-525-56987-0</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jh-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-jh_31-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jane Henry (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com.au/books?id=EaIhapm-4UgC&pg=PP5&lpg=PP5&dq=%22Parapsychology:+Research+on+Exceptional+Experiences%22+%22Jane+Henry%22&source=bl&ots=tReXJKfiIh&sig=IIE8o603PaUPxN2RT21gedmeoP8&hl=en&ei=k_VKSpL6HIvkNduOrJsB&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1">Parapsychology: research on exceptional experiences</a> Routledge, p. 224.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-32">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFWalterWaterhouse1999" class="citation journal cs1">Walter, T.; Waterhouse, H. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0SOR/is_2_60/ai_55208520/">"A very private belief: Reincarnation in contemporary England"</a>. <i>Sociology of Religion</i>. <b>60</b> (2): 187–197. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3711748">10.2307/3711748</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3711748">3711748</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">25 Junie</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sociology+of+Religion&rft.atitle=A+very+private+belief%3A+Reincarnation+in+contemporary+England&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=187-197&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3711748&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3711748%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Walter&rft.aufirst=T.&rft.au=Waterhouse%2C+H.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffindarticles.com%2Fp%2Farticles%2Fmi_m0SOR%2Fis_2_60%2Fai_55208520%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ARe%C3%AFnkarnasie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Waterhouse1999-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Waterhouse1999_33-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFWaterhouse,_H.1999" class="citation journal cs1">Waterhouse, H. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~db=all~content=a794456285">"Reincarnation belief in Britain: New age orientation or mainstream option?"</a>. <i>Journal of Contemporary Religion</i>. <b>14</b> (1): 97–109. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F13537909908580854">10.1080/13537909908580854</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">26 Junie</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contemporary+Religion&rft.atitle=Reincarnation+belief+in+Britain%3A+New+age+orientation+or+mainstream+option%3F&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=97-109&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F13537909908580854&rft.au=Waterhouse%2C+H.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.informaworld.com%2Fsmpp%2Fcontent~db%3Dall~content%3Da794456285&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3ARe%C3%AFnkarnasie" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Re%C3%AFnkarnasie&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://veda.harekrsna.cz/encyclopedia/dharma.htm"><i>Dharma, Transmigration & Reincarnation in the Vedas</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.buddhanet.net/funbud10.htm"><i>Rebirth According to Buddhism</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://john-uebersax.com/plato/plato4.htm"><i>Did Plato Believe in Reincarnation?</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bartleby.com/65/tr/transmig.html"><i>The Columbia Encyclopedia</i>: "Transmigration of Souls or Metempsychosis"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080821030150/http://www.bartleby.com/65/tr/transmig.html">Geargiveer</a> 21 Augustus 2008 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10234d.htm"><i>The Catholic Encyclopedia</i>: "Metempsychosis"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christians.eu/reincarnation-bible/"><i>Was Reincarnation Removed from the Bible?</i></a></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikimedia Commons logo"><img alt="Wikimedia Commons logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> het meer media in die kategorie <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Reincarnation" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Reincarnation">Reïnkarnasie</a>.</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Crystal_txt.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/15px-Crystal_txt.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/23px-Crystal_txt.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Crystal_txt.png/30px-Crystal_txt.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span> Hierdie artikel is vertaal uit die <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reincarnation" class="extiw" title="en:Reincarnation">Engelse Wikipedia</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" 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