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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: Claire P. Monks</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Claire P. Monks"> <meta name="keywords" content="Claire P. Monks"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="Claire P. 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Monks"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 101</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Claire P. Monks</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">101</span> A Narrative of Monks: Culture Heroes in Songkhla Province</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuntalee%20Vaitayavanich">Kuntalee Vaitayavanich</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to look into roles of culture heroes of monks in Buddhism in Songkhla province during the last 50 years. Qualitative study, in-depth interviews, participatory observation and non-participatory observation were employed for this study. The results of the study indicated that culture heroes in Songkhla province would act as the followings. 1) For secular matters, monks would do something beneficial to the community. 2) For religious matters, monks would behave to follow Buddhism discipline strictly and unambitiously. At the same time, monks would not neglect to teach Buddhists to give respect to Lord Buddha by doing meditation and praying. However, when some of those culture heroes passed away, villagers in the community would show gratitude and appreciation by arranging a religious death anniversary ceremony, having icon, or having narrative to recognize those, continuously. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=narrative%20of%20monks" title="narrative of monks">narrative of monks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture%20heroes" title=" culture heroes"> culture heroes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Songkhla%20province" title=" Songkhla province"> Songkhla province</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20sustainability" title=" social sustainability"> social sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3555/a-narrative-of-monks-culture-heroes-in-songkhla-province" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3555.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">100</span> Role of Monks in Civil Society and Democracy in Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chuenaarom%20Chantimachaiamorn">Chuenaarom Chantimachaiamorn</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is an analysis of the roles of the Thai monks i.e. the Sangha in the development of the civil society, democracy and politics in Thailand. This study may be significant for determining the relation of Buddhism and its Sangha to the Thai society and polity. This study is based upon the documentary research from the sources of Pali Scripture, historical documents, and other publications and related matter, including with the interviews concerning political thought and role of high senior monk, scholarly monks and Dhamma-espousing monk who are well known and accepted by people in general for their political role in contemporary Thai society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=role" title=" role"> role</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monk" title=" monk"> monk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sangha" title=" Sangha"> Sangha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=civil%20society" title=" civil society"> civil society</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=politics" title=" politics"> politics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5494/role-of-monks-in-civil-society-and-democracy-in-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5494.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">99</span> The Human Resources Management for the Temple in Northeastern Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Routsukol%20Sunalai">Routsukol Sunalai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research purpose is to study and compare the administration of Buddhist monks at northeastern Thailand. The samples used in the study are the priest in the Northeast by simple random sampling for 190 sampling. The tools used in this study is questioner were created in the 40 question items. The statistics used for data analysis were percentage, average, and standard deviation. The research found that the human resources management for the Buddhist monks as a whole is moderate. But it was found that the highest average is the policy followed by the management information. The Buddhist monks aged less than 25 years old with the overall difference was not significant. The priests who are less than 10 years in the monk experience and the priest has long held in the position for 10 years are not different in the significant level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employee%20job-related%20outcomes" title="employee job-related outcomes">employee job-related outcomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethical%20institutionalization" title=" ethical institutionalization"> ethical institutionalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20work%20life" title=" quality of work life"> quality of work life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20exchange%20of%20Thailand" title=" stock exchange of Thailand"> stock exchange of Thailand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55292/the-human-resources-management-for-the-temple-in-northeastern-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55292.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">210</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">98</span> Buddhism and Society: The History and Contribution of Buddhist Education in Taiwan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meilee%20Shen">Meilee Shen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Buddhist monks and nuns have changed within the dynamic culture of Taiwan that they find themselves in. The diverse cultures, economic development, and advanced educational levels of the island are all part of this. Buddhist education has become an interesting aspect in the history of Taiwanese Buddhism. In recent years, Buddhists in Taiwan have made significant contributions to both academic and religious studies. This paper will focus on the following questions: What is Buddhist education? How does a Buddhist education change monastic role in Taiwanese Buddhism? Finally, how has Buddhist education benefited Taiwanese society? Research indicates that Buddhist education in Taiwan possesses four features: 1. Master teaching disciple: Buddhist masters teach monastic rules to monastic disciples only. 2. Monastic education: It is mainly focused on Buddhist doctrines and sangha rules. 3. From Buddhist education to secular education: Buddhist studies were introduced into secular educational environments that were the beginning for outsiders to study Buddhism. It also opened a door to recruit young college students to enter the monastery. 4. Academic Buddhist training: Buddhist monks and nuns have begun to study at secular colleges in various programs besides Buddhist studies. In recent years, Buddhist colleges and secular universities’ religious studies programs have begun to admit overseas students due to the low birth-rate in Taiwan. Therefore, the relationship between Buddhism and Taiwanese society is dynamic. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buddhist%20college%20and%20university%20in%20Taiwan" title="Buddhist college and university in Taiwan">Buddhist college and university in Taiwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buddhist%20education" title=" Buddhist education"> Buddhist education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutionalization%20in%20Taiwanese%20Buddhism" title=" institutionalization in Taiwanese Buddhism"> institutionalization in Taiwanese Buddhism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monastic%20and%20secular%20education" title=" monastic and secular education"> monastic and secular education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taiwanese%20Buddhist%20monks%20and%20nuns" title=" Taiwanese Buddhist monks and nuns"> Taiwanese Buddhist monks and nuns</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94537/buddhism-and-society-the-history-and-contribution-of-buddhist-education-in-taiwan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94537.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">97</span> Buddhism and Its Contribution to the World Culture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Utsha%20Barua%20Joy">Utsha Barua Joy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Buddhism has been playing as a cultural mediator in the world Asia. Buddhism spread as a living spiritual tradition and philosophy and spread mostly as a part of the cultural heritage. Culture and religion concern and deal with some similar human issues in terms of the concept of values. This article mainly focuses on some pertinent issues. The Buddha created a revolutionary awareness in the history of mankind by giving equal status to all. With equality, man gets social, mental, economic, and political freedom. This article moreover discusses the concept of morality, educational system, and finally, missionary services. After the first rainy retreat, Buddha asked the monks to go from place to place and spread the Dharma for the welfare of mankind. Since then, all the monks took part in missionary work. Emperor Asoka’s missionary steps are the brightened example in the history of Buddhism. The goal of this article is to provide to the wise readers with a delineation of reference on how equality, morality, education system, and missionary services through Buddhism rendered great contribution to the cultural arena around the globe. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equality" title="equality">equality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morality" title=" morality"> morality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20system" title=" educational system"> educational system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=missionary%20works" title=" missionary works"> missionary works</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119799/buddhism-and-its-contribution-to-the-world-culture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119799.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">96</span> The Relationship between Hot and Cool Executive Function and Theory of Mind in School-Aged Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evangelia-Chrysanthi%20Kouklari">Evangelia-Chrysanthi Kouklari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stella%20Tsermentseli"> Stella Tsermentseli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claire%20P.%20Monks"> Claire P. Monks</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Executive function (EF) refers to a set of future-oriented and goal-directed cognitive skills that are crucial for problem solving and social behaviour, as well as the ability to organise oneself. It has been suggested that EF could be conceptualised as two distinct but interrelated constructs, one emotional (hot) and one cognitive (cool), as it facilitates both affective and cognitive regulation. Cool EF has been found to be strongly related to Theory of Mind (ToM) that is the ability to infer mental states, but research has not taken into account the association between hot EF and ToM in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) to date. The present study investigates the associations between both hot and cool EF and ToM in school-aged children with ASD. This cross-sectional study assesses 79 school-aged children with ASD (7-15 years) and 91 controls matched for age and IQ, on tasks tapping cool EF (working memory, inhibition, planning), hot EF (effective decision making, delay discounting), and ToM (emotional understanding and false/no false belief). Significant group differences in each EF measure support a global executive dysfunction in ASD. Strong associations between hot EF and ToM in ASD are reported for the first time (i.e. ToM emotional understanding and delay discounting). These findings highlight that hot EF also makes a unique contribution to the developmental profile of ASD. Considering the role of both hot and cool EF in association with ToM in individuals with ASD may aid in gaining a greater understanding not just of how these complex multifaceted cognitive abilities relate to one another, but their joint role in the distinct developmental pathway followed in ASD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ASD" title="ASD">ASD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20function" title=" executive function"> executive function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20age" title=" school age"> school age</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=theory%20of%20mind" title=" theory of mind"> theory of mind</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51919/the-relationship-between-hot-and-cool-executive-function-and-theory-of-mind-in-school-aged-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51919.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">291</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">95</span> A Study of Tibetan Buddhism in Kalmykia: Reform or Revival</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dawa%20Wangmo">Dawa Wangmo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The anti-religious campaigns of the Soviet Union in the 1930s eradicated Kalmyk Buddhism from the public sphere. Following Perestroika, the Kalmyks retained a sense of being essentially Buddhist people. Nevertheless, since the collapse of the Soviet Communist regime, Kalmykia has been going through vigorous ethnic and cultural revitalization. The new Kalmyk government is reviving the religion with the building of Buddhist temples and the attempted training of Kalymk monks. Kalmykia, officially an autonomous republic within the Federation of Russia, is situated in the European part of Russia in the steppe region bordering the Caspian Sea in its southeast. According to the 2010 census, the Kalmyks, a people of Mongolian origin, constitute over 57 percent of the Republic’s population of less than 290000. Russians living in Kalmykia comprise around 30 percent, the remainder being various Slavic and Asian groups. Since the Kalmyks historically adhere to Buddhism, Kalmykia is often described in tourist brochures and proudly by the Kalmyks themselves as one of the three “traditional Buddhist republics” of Russia and “the only Buddhist region” in Europe. According to traditional Kalmyk Gelug Buddhism, monasticism is the central aspect; hence monastic Tibetans from India have been invited to the Republic to help revive Buddhism and their Buddhist identity in Russia as a whole. However, for the young post-soviets, the monastic way of life is proving too alien, and the subsequent labeling by these monks of ‘surviving’ Kalmyk Buddhist practices as superstitious, mistaken, or corrupt is an initial step in the purification of alternate views, leading to religious reform. This sentiment is also felt by younger Kalmyks who do not find sense in surviving Buddhism but believe more in the philosophical approach of Buddhism taught by the visiting Buddhist teachers at Dharma centers. By discussing this post-soviet shift in local notions of religious efficacy, an attempt will be made to shed light on how the social movements of both reform and revival arise as a collusion between contemporary Tibetan and Kalmyk views on the nature of true Buddhism. This work explores aspects of religious innovation that have developed since the early 1990s in the process of reconstitution of ethnic and religious identity in Kalmykia, a Republic in the southwest of Russia. Any attempts to study the history of Buddhism in Kalmykia would surely mean studying the “History of the most northern Dharma community in the World.” <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalmykia" title="Kalmykia">Kalmykia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tibetan%20Buddhism" title=" Tibetan Buddhism"> Tibetan Buddhism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reform" title=" reform"> reform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=revival" title=" revival"> revival</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity" title=" identity"> identity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162925/a-study-of-tibetan-buddhism-in-kalmykia-reform-or-revival" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162925.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">94</span> Self Immolation and the Deactivation of State Necropower</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20L.%20Yusi">Kate L. Yusi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is an attempt to theoretically reframe the act of self-immolation beyond violence/non-violence discourse, to differentiate it from other paradigmatic examples of necropolitical activism like suicide bombing, in order to highlight its particular ontopolitical statement in relation to life and death and to re-energize its deactivating power. In this paper, the writer seeks to focus on self-immolation by Tibetan monks and other activists against Chinese imperialism, its continuing ethnic cleansing of the Tibetan people, forced assimilation, and territorial occupation. Here, the main driving force is this question: what does self-immolation mean to a people who are forced to live in deathspace? In other words, if one is reduced to nothingness that their deaths (as is their lives) become insignificant, in what ways does the reclamation of death/dying become a “way out” of this state-imposed enclave of death? To answer these questions, the writer engages with and put in conversation the works of Achille Mbembe, Elias Cannetti, and Giorgio Agamben. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=necropolitics" title="necropolitics">necropolitics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self%20immolation" title=" self immolation"> self immolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tibetan%20people" title=" tibetan people"> tibetan people</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chinese%20imperialism" title=" chinese imperialism"> chinese imperialism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153517/self-immolation-and-the-deactivation-of-state-necropower" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">93</span> Philosophical Interpretations of Spells in the Imperial Chinese Buddhism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saiping%20An">Saiping An</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The spells in Chinese Buddhism are often regarded by current scholarship as syllables with mystical power, as a ritual and practice of oral chanting, or as texts engraved on cultural relics. This study hopes to point out that the spell as a kind of behavior and material also provokes the believers to interpret its soteriology with various Buddhist doctrines and philosophies. It will analyze Mahāvairocana Tantra which is the main classic of the tradition regarded by the academic circles as 'Esoteric Buddhism', two annotations of these scriptures composed in the Tang and Liao Dynasty respectively, as well as some works of monks and lay Buddhists in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. It aims to illustrate that spells in Chinese Buddhism are not simply magical voices and the words engraved on the cultural relics; they have also enriched the doctrines and thoughts of Chinese Buddhism. Their nature and soteriological methods are far more abundant than current academic circles have revealed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spell" title="spell">spell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20Buddhism" title=" Chinese Buddhism"> Chinese Buddhism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=philosophy" title=" philosophy"> philosophy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buddhist%20doctrines" title=" Buddhist doctrines"> Buddhist doctrines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108168/philosophical-interpretations-of-spells-in-the-imperial-chinese-buddhism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">92</span> Sattriya: Its Transformation as a Principal Medium of Preaching Vaishnava Religion to Performing Art</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Smita%20Lahkar">Smita Lahkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sattriya, the youngest of the eight principal Classical Indian dance traditions, has undergone too many changes and modifications to arrive at its present stage of performing art form extracting itself from age-old religious confinement. Although some of the other traditions have been revived in the recent past, Sattriya has a living tradition since its inception in the 15th century by Srimanta Sankardeva, the great Vaishnavite saint, poet, playwright, lyricist, painter, singer and dancer of Assam, a primary north-eastern state of India. This living dance tradition from the Sattras, the Vaishnavite monasteries, has been practiced for over five hundred years by celibate male monks, as a powerful medium for propagating the Vaishnava religious faith. Sankardeva realised the potential of the vocalised word integrated with the visual image as a powerful medium of expression and communication. So he used this principal medium for propagating his newly found message of devotion among the people of his time. Earlier, Sattriya was performed by male monks alone in monasteries (Sattras) as a part of daily rituals. The females were not even allowed to learn this art form. But, in present time, Sattriya has come out from the Sattras to proscenium stage, performed mostly by female as well as few male dancers also. The technique of performing movements, costumes, ornaments, music and style of performance too have experienced too many changes and modifications. For example, earlier and even today in Sattra, the ‘Pataka’ hand gesture is depicted in conformity with the original context (religious) of creation of the dance form. But, today stage-performers prefer the instructions of the scripture ‘Srihastamuktavali’ and depict the ‘Pataka’ in a sophisticated manner affecting decontextualisation to a certain extent. This adds aesthetic beauty to the dance form as an art distancing it from its context of being a vehicle for propagating Vaishnava religion. The Sattriya dance today stands at the crossroads of past and future, tradition and modernity, devotion and display, spirituality and secularism. The traditional exponents trained under the tutelage of Sattra maestros and imbibing a devotionally inspired rigour of the religion, try to retain the traditional nuances; while the young artists being trained outside the monasteries are more interested in taking up the discipline purely from the perspective of ‘performing arts’ bereft of the philosophy of religion or its sacred associations. Hence, this paper will be an endeavor to establish the hypothesis that the Sattriya, whose origin was for propagating Vaishnava faith, has now entered the world of performing arts with highly aesthetical components. And as a transformed art form, Sattriya may be expected to carve a niche in world dance arena. This will be done with the help of historical evidences, observations from the recorded past and expert rendezvous. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dance" title="dance">dance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performing%20art" title=" performing art"> performing art</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religion" title=" religion"> religion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sattriya" title=" Sattriya"> Sattriya</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63231/sattriya-its-transformation-as-a-principal-medium-of-preaching-vaishnava-religion-to-performing-art" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63231.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">91</span> Measuring Organizational Resiliency for Flood Response in Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudha%20Arlikatti">Sudha Arlikatti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Siebeneck"> Laura Siebeneck</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simon%20A.%20Andrew"> Simon A. Andrew</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this research is to measure organizational resiliency through five attributes namely, rapidity, redundancy, resourcefulness, and robustness and to provide recommendations for resiliency building in flood risk communities. The research was conducted in Thailand following the severe floods of 2011 triggered by Tropical Storm Nock-ten. The floods lasted over eight months starting in June 2011 affecting 65 of the country’s 76 provinces and over 12 million people. Funding from a US National Science Foundation grant was used to collect ephemeral data in rural (Ayutthaya), suburban (Pathum Thani), and urban (Bangkok) provinces of Thailand. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted in Thai with 44 contacts from public, private, and non-profit organizations including universities, schools, automobile companies, vendors, tourist agencies, monks from temples, faith based organizations, and government agencies. Multiple triangulations were used to analyze the data by identifying selective themes from the qualitative data, validated with quantitative data and news media reports. This helped to obtain a more comprehensive view of how organizations in different geographic settings varied in their understanding of what enhanced or hindered their resilience and consequently their speed and capacities to respond. The findings suggest that the urban province of Bangkok scored highest in resourcefulness, rapidity of response, robustness, and ability to rebound. This is not surprising considering that it is the country’s capital and the seat of government, economic, military and tourism sectors. However, contrary to expectations all 44 respondents noted that the rural province of Ayutthaya was the fastest to recover amongst the three. Its organizations scored high on redundancy and rapidity of response due to the strength of social networks, a flood disaster sub-culture due to annual flooding, and the help provided by monks from and faith based organizations. Organizations in the suburban community of Pathum Thani scored lowest on rapidity of response and resourcefulness due to limited and ambiguous warnings, lack of prior flood experience and controversies that government flood protection works like sandbagging favored the capital city of Bangkok over them. Such a micro-level examination of organizational resilience in rural, suburban and urban areas in a country through mixed methods studies has its merits in getting a nuanced understanding of the importance of disaster subcultures and religious norms for resilience. This can help refocus attention on the strengths of social networks and social capital, for flood mitigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster%20subculture" title="disaster subculture">disaster subculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flood%20response" title=" flood response"> flood response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20resilience" title=" organizational resilience"> organizational resilience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thailand%20floods" title=" Thailand floods"> Thailand floods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religious%20beliefs%20and%20response" title=" religious beliefs and response"> religious beliefs and response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20capital%20and%20disasters" title=" social capital and disasters"> social capital and disasters</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90488/measuring-organizational-resiliency-for-flood-response-in-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90488.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">90</span> Semi-automatic Design and Fabrication of Ring-Bell Control by IoT</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samart%20Rungjarean">Samart Rungjarean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benchalak%20Muangmeesri"> Benchalak Muangmeesri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dechrit%20Maneetham"> Dechrit Maneetham</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Monks' and Novices' chimes may have some restrictions, such as during the rain when a structure or location chimes or at a certain period. Alternately, certain temple bells may be found atop a tall, difficult-to-reach bell tower. As a result, the concept of designing a brass bell for use with a mobile phone over great distances was proposed. The Internet of Things (IoT) system will be used to regulate the bell by testing each of the three beatings with a wooden head. A stone-beating head and a steel beater. The sound resonates nicely, with the distance and rhythm of the hit contributing to this. An ESP8266 microcontroller is used by the control system to manage its operations and will communicate with the pneumatic system to convey a signal. Additionally, a mobile phone will be used to operate the entire system. In order to precisely direct and regulate the rhythm, There is a resonance of roughly 50 dB for this test, and the operating distance can be adjusted. Timing and accuracy were both good. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20ring-bell" title="automatic ring-bell">automatic ring-bell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microcontroller" title=" microcontroller"> microcontroller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ring-bell" title=" ring-bell"> ring-bell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iot" title=" iot"> iot</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161714/semi-automatic-design-and-fabrication-of-ring-bell-control-by-iot" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161714.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">89</span> Fighting for Equality in Early Buddhism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenneth%20Lee">Kenneth Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During Buddha’s time in the 5th century BCE, the Indian society was organized by a social stratification system called “the caste system” (Skt. varna), which still exists today. The origination of the caste system can be traced back to 1500 BCE within the ancient Vedic texts of the Aryans, the Indo-European nomadic people who migrated and settled in the Indus Valley region. However, the four-tiered hierarchical nature of the caste system created inequality, privilege, and discrimination based on hereditary transmission. After renouncing his royal status as a prince, Siddhartha Gautama spent six years in the forest, practiced austerities, mastered meditation, and eventually realized enlightenment. Thereupon, now referred to as “Shakyamuni Buddha” or “sage from the tribe of Shakya who has become awake,” the Buddha founded the Sangha, a community of monks, nuns, and lay followers, where everyone was equal and treated equally. After providing a brief overview of Buddha’s time, this talk will examine Buddha’s Dharma or teachings on equality and his creation of the Sangha as “society within a society, which had a dissolving effect on society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equality" title="equality">equality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women" title=" women"> women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buddhism" title=" buddhism"> buddhism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrimination" title=" discrimination"> discrimination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151873/fighting-for-equality-in-early-buddhism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151873.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">112</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">88</span> Maintaining Parenthood: Challenges for Mothers Who Are Victims of Domestic Violence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Druzhinenko-Silhan%20Daria">Druzhinenko-Silhan Daria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Metz%20Claire"> Metz Claire</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we introduce the findings of the "Conjugal violence: mothers' parenting and court decisions" (VIC-PADEJ) study, focusing on the motherhood experiences of domestic violence victims. Utilizing a longitudinal research protocol that encompassed clinical interviews, projective methods, and various questionnaires, we detail the outcomes derived from seven clinical interviews with mothers alongside a comprehensive analysis. The findings reveal a pronounced decline in security and an imperative need for structuring both social and internal realities. The convergence of these findings indicates that parenting, post-experiencing domestic violence, may become an unattainable task due to the deficiency of internal resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=domestic%20violence" title="domestic violence">domestic violence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parenthood" title=" parenthood"> parenthood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mothers%20victims" title=" mothers victims"> mothers victims</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=projective%20methods" title=" projective methods"> projective methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=longitudinal%20research" title=" longitudinal research"> longitudinal research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alceste%20analysis" title=" alceste analysis"> alceste analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184672/maintaining-parenthood-challenges-for-mothers-who-are-victims-of-domestic-violence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184672.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">52</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">87</span> A Study on Local Wisdom towards Career Building of People in Kamchanoad Community</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phusit%20Phukamchanoad">Phusit Phukamchanoad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thananya%20Santithammakul"> Thananya Santithammakul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suwaree%20Yordchim"> Suwaree Yordchim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pennapa%20Palapin"> Pennapa Palapin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research gathered local wisdom towards career building of people in Kamchanoad Community, Baan Muang sub-district, Baan Dung district, Udon Thani province. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with village headmen, community board, teachers, monks, Kamchanoad forest managers and revered elderly aged over 60 years old. All of these 30 interviewees have resided in Kamchanoad Community for more than 40. Descriptive data analysis result revealed that the most prominent local wisdom of Kamchanoad community is their beliefs and religion. Most people in the community have strongly maintained local tradition, the festival of appeasing Chao Pu Sri Suttho on the middle of the 6th month of Thai lunar calendar which falls on the same day with Vesak Day. 100 percent of the people in this community are Buddhist. They believe that Naga, an entity or being, taking the form of a serpent, named “Sri Suttho” lives in Kamchanoad forest. The local people worship the serpent and ask for blessings. Another local wisdom of this community is Sinh fabric weaving. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20wisdoms" title="local wisdoms">local wisdoms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=careers" title=" careers"> careers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamchanoad%20Community" title=" Kamchanoad Community"> Kamchanoad Community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=career%20building" title=" career building"> career building</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11985/a-study-on-local-wisdom-towards-career-building-of-people-in-kamchanoad-community" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11985.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">86</span> Mechanism of Religion on Community Movement for Solid Waste Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sophaphan%20Intahphuak">Sophaphan Intahphuak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narong%20Pamala"> Narong Pamala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Boonyaporn%20Yodkhong"> Boonyaporn Yodkhong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuhavitayaa"> Samuhavitayaa </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The amount of solid waste increases each year as a result of population growth, urbanization and economic expansion; however, there was little public cooperation in the segregation of solid waste due to the lack of awareness. This study aims to encourage all sectors in the community to participate in the development of a suitable model to reduce environmental waste by emerging the cultural context that bares a close relationship with Buddhism through faith and merit-making. The monks, involving stakeholder in the entire waste management system, help publicize the campaign on Buddhist holy days, religious ceremonies and they also teach people to be responsible for the garbage problem in the community. As for the garbage brought for merit-making, they are sold and the money is used to help build the pavilion. It was found that people can separate recycled garbage and the amount of solid waste slightly decrease. The results obtained suggest that the religion is not only the moral center of the community, it is also the center of community empowerment to consciousness in waste management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20empowerment" title="community empowerment">community empowerment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religion%E2%80%99s%20role" title=" religion’s role"> religion’s role</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20management" title=" waste management"> waste management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20garbage" title=" recycled garbage"> recycled garbage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6204/mechanism-of-religion-on-community-movement-for-solid-waste-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6204.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">477</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">85</span> Reliability Analysis of Dam under Quicksand Condition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manthan%20Patel">Manthan Patel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinit%20Ahlawat"> Vinit Ahlawat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anshh%20Singh%20Claire"> Anshh Singh Claire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pijush%20Samui"> Pijush Samui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper focuses on the analysis of quicksand condition for a dam foundation. The quicksand condition occurs in cohesion less soil when effective stress of soil becomes zero. In a dam, the saturated sediment may appear quite solid until a sudden change in pressure or shock initiates liquefaction. This causes the sand to form a suspension and lose strength hence resulting in failure of dam. A soil profile shows different properties at different points and the values obtained are uncertain thus reliability analysis is performed. The reliability is defined as probability of safety of a system in a given environment and loading condition and it is assessed as Reliability Index. The reliability analysis of dams under quicksand condition is carried by Gaussian Process Regression (GPR). Reliability index and factor of safety relating to liquefaction of soil is analysed using GPR. The results of reliability analysis by GPR is compared to that of conventional method and it is demonstrated that on applying GPR the probabilistic analysis reduces the computational time and efforts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factor%20of%20safety" title="factor of safety">factor of safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPR" title=" GPR"> GPR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability%20index" title=" reliability index"> reliability index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quicksand" title=" quicksand"> quicksand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27180/reliability-analysis-of-dam-under-quicksand-condition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27180.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">482</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">84</span> Impact of Ecosystem Engineers on Soil Structuration in a Restored Floodplain in Switzerland</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andreas%20Schomburg">Andreas Schomburg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claire%20Le%20Bayon"> Claire Le Bayon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claire%20Guenat"> Claire Guenat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philip%20Brunner"> Philip Brunner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Numerous river restoration projects have been established in Switzerland in recent years after decades of human activity in floodplains. The success of restoration projects in terms of biodiversity and ecosystem functions largely depend on the development of the floodplain soil system. Plants and earthworms as ecosystem engineers are known to be able to build up a stable soil structure by incorporating soil organic matter into the soil matrix that creates water stable soil aggregates. Their engineering efficiency however largely depends on changing soil properties and frequent floods along an evolutive floodplain transect. This study, therefore, aims to quantify the effect of flood frequency and duration as well as of physico-chemical soil parameters on plants’ and earthworms’ engineering efficiency. It is furthermore predicted that these influences may have a different impact on one of the engineers that leads to a varying contribution to aggregate formation within the floodplain transect. Ecosystem engineers were sampled and described in three different floodplain habitats differentiated according to the evolutionary stages of the vegetation ranging from pioneer to forest vegetation in a floodplain restored 15 years ago. In addition, the same analyses were performed in an embanked adjacent pasture as a reference for the pre-restored state. Soil aggregates were collected and analyzed for their organic matter quantity and quality using Rock Eval pyrolysis. Water level and discharge measurements dating back until 2008 were used to quantify the return period of major floods. Our results show an increasing amount of water stable aggregates in soil with increasing distance to the river and show largest values in the reference site. A decreasing flood frequency and the proportion of silt and clay in the soil texture explain these findings according to F values from one way ANOVA of a fitted mixed effect model. Significantly larger amounts of labile organic matter signatures were found in soil aggregates in the forest habitat and in the reference site that indicates a larger contribution of plants to soil aggregation in these habitats compared to the pioneer vegetation zone. Earthworms’ contribution to soil aggregation does not show significant differences in the floodplain transect, but their effect could be identified even in the pioneer vegetation with its large proportion of coarse sand in the soil texture and frequent inundations. These findings indicate that ecosystem engineers seem to be able to create soil aggregates even under unfavorable soil conditions and under frequent floods. A restoration success can therefore be expected even in ecosystems with harsh soil properties and frequent external disturbances. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecosystem%20engineers" title="ecosystem engineers">ecosystem engineers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flood%20frequency" title=" flood frequency"> flood frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=floodplains" title=" floodplains"> floodplains</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=river%20restoration" title=" river restoration"> river restoration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rock%20eval%20pyrolysis" title=" rock eval pyrolysis"> rock eval pyrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20organic%20matter%20incorporation" title=" soil organic matter incorporation"> soil organic matter incorporation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20structuration" title=" soil structuration"> soil structuration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56828/impact-of-ecosystem-engineers-on-soil-structuration-in-a-restored-floodplain-in-switzerland" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56828.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">83</span> Critical Dialogue: Anti-Racism Teacher Education in Predominantly White Schools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claire%20M.%20Hollocou">Claire M. Hollocou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Denise%20Johnson"> Denise Johnson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As racism permeates the foundation of America's educational system, educators hold a level of responsibility to address racism and the power of white privilege in the classroom by implementing anti-racist practices. This study aims to discuss the practices of anti-racist education across two predominantly affluent white schools. It offers our perspectives as white and black female teachers committed to implementing and reflecting on our antiracist work. Through communities of practice and the critical dialogue framework, we will provide an environment for one another to share our experiences implementing anti-racist education. We will spend a couple of months engaging in dialogue together to support our praxis. With critical reflection, we will look for themes that emerge through the conversations as well as develop a protocol for building an antiracist community of practice. This study is a work in progress. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-racism" title="anti-racism">anti-racism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20dialogue" title=" critical dialogue"> critical dialogue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=race%20and%20racism" title=" race and racism"> race and racism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20education" title=" teacher education"> teacher education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131994/critical-dialogue-anti-racism-teacher-education-in-predominantly-white-schools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131994.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">82</span> Age Estimation Using Destructive and Non-Destructive Dental Methods on an Archeological Human Sample from the Poor Claire Nunnery in Brussels, Belgium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pilar%20Cornejo%20Ulloa">Pilar Cornejo Ulloa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guy%20Willems"> Guy Willems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steffen%20Fieuws"> Steffen Fieuws</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kim%20Quintelier"> Kim Quintelier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wim%20Van%20Neer"> Wim Van Neer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Thevissen"> Patrick Thevissen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dental age estimation can be performed both in living and deceased individuals. In anthropology, few studies have tested the reliability of dental age estimation methods complementary to the usually applied osteological methods. Objectives: In this study, destructive and non-destructive dental age estimation methods were applied on an archeological sample in order to compare them with the previously obtained anthropological age estimates. Materials and Methods: One hundred and thirty-four teeth from 24 individuals were analyzed using Kvaal, Kvaal and Solheim, Bang and Ramm, Lamendin, Gustafson, Maples, Dalitz and Johanson’s methods. Results: A high variability and wider age ranges than the ones previously obtained by the anthropologist could be observed. Destructive methods had a slightly higher agreement than the non-destructive. Discussion: Due to the heterogeneity of the sample and the lack of the real age at death, the obtained results were not representative, and it was not possible to suggest one dental age estimation method over another. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=archeology" title="archeology">archeology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental%20age%20estimation" title=" dental age estimation"> dental age estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20anthropology" title=" forensic anthropology"> forensic anthropology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20dentistry" title=" forensic dentistry"> forensic dentistry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68933/age-estimation-using-destructive-and-non-destructive-dental-methods-on-an-archeological-human-sample-from-the-poor-claire-nunnery-in-brussels-belgium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68933.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">360</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">81</span> Peace Pact System in Bontoc, Mountain Province</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claire%20Kaplaan%20P.%20Lafadchan">Claire Kaplaan P. Lafadchan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study looked into the peace pact system as a customary way of solving cases in Bontoc, Mountain Province. To study the importance of the peace pact system, the study focused on the extent of attainment of the objectives of peace pact system in Bontoc, Mountain Province; the extent of attainment of the procedure; level of satisfaction on the peace pact system; and, the degree of the seriousness of the problems encountered. The study aimed to see the importance of peace pact system as a means of amicable settlement in Bontoc, Mountain Province as the researcher is concerned on the conflicts evolving between natives of Bontoc and people from other municipalities. Questionnaire-checklist was used as the main data-gathering tool. It was found out in the study that the goals and objectives of peace pact is much attained; the procedures is much attained; the level of satisfaction is much satisfied; and the problems encountered is moderately serious. Despite the fact that peace pact participants are all doing their part in the process, still, there are problems they encountered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peace%20pact" title="peace pact">peace pact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=amicable%20settlement" title=" amicable settlement"> amicable settlement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bontoc" title=" bontoc"> bontoc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pagta" title=" pagta"> pagta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pechen" title=" pechen"> pechen</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49617/peace-pact-system-in-bontoc-mountain-province" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49617.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">80</span> The Sound of Getting Closer: A Phenomenological Research of the Senses of Proximity and Touch</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcello%20Lussana">Marcello Lussana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Closer is a wireless system developed by the “Design Research Lab” of the UdK Berlin that is able to detect the proximity and touch between two (or more) persons. We have been using this system for one performance and one installation: in both cases, the proximity and touch events of the two participants have been sonified using the software Supercollider. In this paper, we are going to focus on the actual experience of the participants involved, especially related to the awareness of their body, their level of proprioception and how they felt in their body and in connection with the other person. In order to give value to the lived experience of the participant, a phenomenological method described and developed by Professor Claire Petitmengin has been used. This strategy allowed the interviewees to become aware of their subjective experience, and describe it with great precision. This is essential in order to understand the actual state of consciousness of the users. Our aim is to research the senses of proprioception, touch, and proximity: as they all involve a pre-reflective state of consciousness, they are central for the understanding of human perception. The interviews revealed how this experience could improve and increase proprioception and awareness of your body. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interactive%20sound" title="interactive sound">interactive sound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenomenology" title=" phenomenology"> phenomenology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-reflective" title=" pre-reflective"> pre-reflective</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proprioception" title=" proprioception"> proprioception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subjective%20experience" title=" subjective experience"> subjective experience</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60663/the-sound-of-getting-closer-a-phenomenological-research-of-the-senses-of-proximity-and-touch" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60663.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">247</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">79</span> An Excellent Adventure: The Stories of National Tertiary Teaching Excellence Award Winners</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claire%20Goode">Claire Goode</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper reports on a doctoral research project using narrative inquiry to investigate the stories of twelve national Tertiary Teaching Excellence Award winners in New Zealand. Preliminary findings highlight awardees’ views on their identity, their professional practice, and on what they consider to be excellence in tertiary teaching. The research also reports on common themes in the personal qualities that awardees describe, and on what these nationally recognised educators would like to see in place around Tertiary Teacher Development. Educators, mentors, trainers, and curriculum designers can gain a deeper understanding of what teaching excellence looks like, and of how teachers perceive their own practice and their impact on others. This may enable different interventions to develop best practice from staff, and to raise standards. It is hoped too that, by reflecting on the stories of teachers who have been recognised for ‘excellence’, educators will relate to and recognise elements of their own practice, and will feel motivated and inspired to share these with their peers and the wider academic community. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20identity" title="academic identity">academic identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=narrative%20inquiry" title=" narrative inquiry"> narrative inquiry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20development" title=" teacher development"> teacher development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20excellence" title=" teaching excellence"> teaching excellence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123403/an-excellent-adventure-the-stories-of-national-tertiary-teaching-excellence-award-winners" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123403.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">78</span> A Case Study on the Tourists' Satisfaction: Local Gastronomy in Pagudpud, Ilocos Norte</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reysand%20Mae%20A.%20Abapial">Reysand Mae A. Abapial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christine%20Claire%20Z.%20Agra"> Christine Claire Z. Agra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Quenna%20Lyn%20V.%20De%20Guzman"> Quenna Lyn V. De Guzman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marielle%20Arianne%20Joyce%20Q.%20Hojilla"> Marielle Arianne Joyce Q. Hojilla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Joseph%20A.%20Tiangco"> John Joseph A. Tiangco</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study focused on the assessment of the tourists’ satisfaction on the local gastronomy in Pagudpud, Ilocos Norte as a tourist destination as perceived by 100 tourists visiting the tourist destination, which is determined through convenient random sampling. Mean, percentage frequency and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used in the collection of data. The results revealed that the tourists agree that the local establishments offering local cuisines are accessible in terms of the location, internet visibility and facilities for persons-with-disabilities. The tourist are also willing to pay for the local food because it is attainable, budget-friendly, worthy for an expensive price, satisfies the cravings, reflects the physical appearance of the establishment and its quantity is reasonable based on the price. However, the tourists disagree that the local food completes their overall experience as tourists and it does not have the potential to satisfy all types of tourists. Recommendations for the enhancement of the local cuisine and implications for future research are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gastronomy" title="gastronomy">gastronomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20gastronomy" title=" local gastronomy"> local gastronomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourist%20satisfaction" title=" tourist satisfaction"> tourist satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pagudpud" title=" Pagudpud"> Pagudpud</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20911/a-case-study-on-the-tourists-satisfaction-local-gastronomy-in-pagudpud-ilocos-norte" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20911.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">671</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">77</span> Behavior of Foreign Tourists Visited Wat Phrachetuponwimolmangkalaram</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pranee%20Pathomchaiwat">Pranee Pathomchaiwat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research aims to study tourism data and behavior of foreign tourists visited Wat Phrachetuponwimolmangkalaram (Wat Po) Sample groups are tourists who visited inside the temple, during February, March, April and May 2013. Tools used in the research are questionnaires constructed by the researcher, and samples are dawn by Convenience sampling. There are 207 foreign tourists who are willing to be respondents. Statistics used are percentage, average mean and standard deviation. The results of the research reveal that: A. General Data of Respondents: The foreign tourists who visited the temple are mostly female (57.5 %), most respondents are aged between 20-29 years (37.2%). Most respondents live in Europe (62.3%), most of them got the Bachelor’s degree (40.1%), British are mostly found (16.4%), respondents who are students are also found (23.2%), and Christian are mostly found (60.9%). B. Tourists’ Behavior While Visiting the Temple Compound: The result shows that the respondents came with family (46.4%), have never visited the temples (40.6%), and visited once (42 %). It is found that the foreign tourists’ inappropriate behavior are wearing revealing attires (58.9%), touching or getting closed to the monks (55.1%), and speaking loudly (46.9%) respectively. The respondents’ outstanding objectives are to visit inside the temple (57.5%), to pay respect to the Reclining Buddha Image in the Viharn (44.4%) and to worship the Buddha image in the Phra Ubosod (37.7%) respectively. C. The Respondents’ Self-evaluation of Performance: It is found that over all tourists evaluated themselves in the highest level averaged 4.40. When focusing on each item, it is shown that they evaluated themselves in the highest level on obeying the temple staff averaged 4.57, and cleanness concern of the temple averaged 4.52, well-behaved performance during the temple visit averaged 4.47 respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deportment" title="deportment">deportment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traveler" title=" traveler"> traveler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20tourists" title=" foreign tourists"> foreign tourists</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temple" title=" temple"> temple</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10655/behavior-of-foreign-tourists-visited-wat-phrachetuponwimolmangkalaram" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10655.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">76</span> When the ‘Buddha’s Tree Itself Becomes a Rhizome’: The Religious Itinerant, Nomad Science and the Buddhist State</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Taylor">James Taylor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper considers the political, geo-philosophical musings of Deleuze and Guattari on spatialisation, place and movement in relation to the religious nomad (wandering ascetics and reclusive forest monks) inhabiting the borderlands of Thailand. A nomadic science involves improvised ascetic practices between the molar lines striated by modern state apparatuses. The wandering ascetics, inhabiting a frontier political ecology, stand in contrast to the appropriating, sedentary metaphysics and sanctifying arborescence of statism and its corollary place-making, embedded in rootedness and territorialisation. It is argued that the religious nomads, residing on the endo-exteriorities of the state, came to represent a rhizomatic and politico-ontological threat to centre-nation and its apparatus of capture. The paper also theorises transitions and movement at the borderlands in the context of the state’s monastic reforms. These reforms, and its pervasive royal science, problematised the interstitial zones of the early ascetic wanderers in their radical cross-cutting networks and lines, moving within and across demarcated frontiers. Indeed, the ascetic wanderers and their allegorical war machine were seen as a source of wild, free-floating charisma and mystical power, eventually appropriated by the centre-nation in it’s becoming unitary and fixed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deleuze%20and%20Guattari" title="Deleuze and Guattari">Deleuze and Guattari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religious%20nomad" title=" religious nomad"> religious nomad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=centre-nation" title=" centre-nation"> centre-nation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=borderlands" title=" borderlands"> borderlands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Buddhism" title=" Buddhism"> Buddhism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160506/when-the-buddhas-tree-itself-becomes-a-rhizome-the-religious-itinerant-nomad-science-and-the-buddhist-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160506.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">75</span> The Twelfth Rib as a Landmark for Surgery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jake%20Tempo">Jake Tempo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Georgina%20Williams"> Georgina Williams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iain%20Robertson"> Iain Robertson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claire%20Pascoe"> Claire Pascoe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Darren%20Rama"> Darren Rama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Cetti"> Richard Cetti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The twelfth rib is commonly used as a landmark for surgery; however, its variability in length has not been formally studied. The highly variable rib length provides a challenge for urologists seeking a consistent landmark for percutaneous nephrolithotomy and retroperitoneoscopic surgery. Methods and materials: We analysed CT scans of 100 adults who had imaging between 23rd March and twelfth April 2020 at an Australian Hospital. We measured the distance from the mid-sagittal line to the twelfth rib tip in the axial plane as a surrogate for true rib length. We also measured the distance from the twelfth rib tip to the kidney, spleen, and liver. Results: Length from the mid-sagittal line to the right twelfth rib tip varied from 46 (percentile 95%CI 40 to 57) to 136mm (percentile 95%CI 133 to 138). On the left, the distances varied from 55 (percentile 95%CI 50 to 64) to 134mm (percentile 95%CI 131 to 135). Twenty-three percent of people had an organ lying between the tip of the twelfth rib and the kidney on the right, and 11% of people had the same finding on the left. Conclusion: The twelfth rib is highly variable in its length. Similar variability was recorded in the distance from the tip to intra-abdominal organs. Due to the frequency of organs lying between the tip of the rib and the kidney, it should not be used as a landmark for accessing the kidney without prior knowledge of an individual patient’s anatomy, as seen on imaging. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCNL" title="PCNL">PCNL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rib" title=" rib"> rib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anatomy" title=" anatomy"> anatomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nephrolithotomy" title=" nephrolithotomy"> nephrolithotomy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145162/the-twelfth-rib-as-a-landmark-for-surgery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145162.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">74</span> Insider Fraud and its Risks to FinTechs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claire%20Maillet">Claire Maillet</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Insider fraud, including its various forms such as employee fraud or internal fraud, is a major financial crime threat whereby an employee defrauds (or attempts to defraud) their current, prospective or past employer. ‘Employee’ covers anyone employed by the company, including contractors, agency workers, directors and part time staff. Insider fraud is even more of a concern given the impacts of the Coronavirus pandemic and the cost-of-living crisis, which have generated multiple opportunities to commit insider fraud. Insider fraud is something that is not necessarily thought of as a significant financial crime; Without the face-to-face, ‘over the shoulder’ capabilities of staff being able to keep an eye on their employees, there is a heightened reliance on trust and transparency. With this, naturally, comes an increased risk of insider fraud. Given that the number of FinTechs is on the rise and there is a significant lack of empirically based solutions for reducing insider fraud, these are gaps in the research space that this thesis aims to fill. Finally, Kassem (2022) notes that “academic research plays a crucial role in raising awareness about fraud and researching effective methods for countering it”. Thus, this thesis may be used as an opportune tool to provide an extensive list of controls spanning detection, deterrence and prevention, that are recommended to be implemented to help combat the insider threat. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insider%20fraud" title="insider fraud">insider fraud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20fraud" title=" internal fraud"> internal fraud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pandemic" title=" pandemic"> pandemic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Covid-19" title=" Covid-19"> Covid-19</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190043/insider-fraud-and-its-risks-to-fintechs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190043.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">22</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">73</span> The Effect of Religious Tourist Motivation and Satisfaction on Behavioral Intention</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tao%20Zhang">Tao Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nan%20Yan"> Nan Yan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, the Chaoshan area, a special place located in the southeast of Guangdong province in China, actively protects religious heritage and is developing religious tourism, which is attracting many expatriate Chinese who are coming back for travel and to worship. This paper discussed three questions. Firstly, what is the current situation about the different social background of tourists’ motivation, satisfaction and behavioral intention? Secondly, is there a relationship between the motivation, satisfaction and behavioral intention and the different social backgrounds of tourists? Thirdly, what is the relationship between religious tourists’ motivation, satisfaction and behavioral intention? The research methods use a combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. Qualitative analysis uses the method of observation and interviews. Convenient sampling technique was used for quantitative analysis. The study showed that the different social backgrounds of tourists’ forms diverse cognition and experiences about religious tourism, and their motivations, satisfaction and behavioral intention as tourists vary. Tourists’ motivation and satisfaction has a positive phase relation. Tourists’ motivation with satisfaction as the intervening variable also has a positive phase effect on tourists’ behavior intention. The result shows that religious tourists’ motivations include experiencing a religious atmosphere, and having a rest and recreation. The result also shows that religious tourists want to travel with their family members and friends. While traveling, religious tourists like to talk with Buddhist monks or nuns. Compared to other tourism types, religious tourists have higher expectations about temple environment, traveling experience, peripheral service and temple management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavioral%20intension" title="behavioral intension">behavioral intension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivation" title=" motivation"> motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religious%20tourism" title=" religious tourism"> religious tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satisfaction" title=" satisfaction"> satisfaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52884/the-effect-of-religious-tourist-motivation-and-satisfaction-on-behavioral-intention" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52884.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">72</span> Meaning and Cultivating Factors of Mindfulness as Experienced by Thai Females Who Practice Dhamma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sukjai%20Charoensuk">Sukjai Charoensuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Penphan%20Pitaksongkram"> Penphan Pitaksongkram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Christopher"> Michael Christopher</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Preliminary evidences supported the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing symptoms associated with a variety of medical and psychological conditions. However, the measurements of mindfulness are questionable since they have not been developed based-on Buddhist experiences. The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe meaning and cultivating factors of mindfulness as experienced by Thai females who practice Dhamma. Participants were purposively selected to include 2 groups of Thai females who practice Dhamma. The first group consisted of 6 female Buddhist monks, and the second group consisted of 7 female who practice Dhamma without ordaining. Data were collected using in-depth interview. The instruments used were demographic data questionnaire and guideline for in-depth interview developed by researchers. Content analysis was employed to analyze the data. The results revealed that Thai women who practice Dhamma described their experience in 2 themes, which were meaning and cultivating factors of mindfulness. The meaning composed of 4 categories; 1) Being Present, 2) Self-awareness, 3) Contemplation, and 4) Neutral. The cultivating factors of mindfulness composed of 2 categories; In-personal factors and Ex-personal factors. The In-personal cultivating factors included 4 sub-categories; Faith and Love, the Five Precepts, Sound body, and Practice. The Ex-personal cultivating factors included 2 sub-categories; Serenity, and Learning. These findings increase understanding about meaning of mindfulness and its cultivating factors. These could be used as a guideline to promote mental health and develop nursing interventions using mindfulness based, as well as, develop the instrument for assessing mindfulness in Thai context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultivating%20factor" title="cultivating factor">cultivating factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meaning%20of%20mindfulness" title=" meaning of mindfulness"> meaning of mindfulness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practice%20Dhamma" title=" practice Dhamma"> practice Dhamma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thai%20women" title=" Thai women"> Thai women</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43092/meaning-and-cultivating-factors-of-mindfulness-as-experienced-by-thai-females-who-practice-dhamma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43092.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">351</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claire%20P.%20Monks&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claire%20P.%20Monks&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claire%20P.%20Monks&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claire%20P.%20Monks&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> 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